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Journal articles on the topic 'Land Reform Programme'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Kloppers, Henk J. "Introducing CSR - The Missing Ingredient in the Land Reform Recipe?" Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 2 (2017): 758. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2014/v17i2a2184.

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In reaction to the unequal land ownership brought about by decades of apartheid, the first democratically elected government embarked on an extensive land reform programme - a programme consisting of the three constitutionally protected pillars: restitution, redistribution and tenure reform. The aim of this programme is not only to provide for restitution to persons who lost their land as a result of racially based measures, but also provide previously disadvantaged South Africans with access to land in order to address the unequal land ownership. This research focuses on the restitution and r

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2

Maake, Manala Shadrack. "LAND REFORM IN SOUTH AFRICA: OBSTINATE SPACIAL DISTORTIONS." Africanus: Journal of Development Studies 46, no. 1 (2016): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0304-615x/1234.

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This theoretical paper seeks to make an empirical contribution to the Land Reform discourses. The paper argues that the pace of land redistribution in South Africa is undeniably slow and limits livelihood choices of relatively most intended beneficiaries of land reform programme. The primacy and success of the programme within rural development ought to measured and assessed through ways in which the land reform programmes conforms to and improve the livelihoods, ambitions and goals of the intended beneficiaries without compromising agricultural production and the economy. In addition, paper h

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3

Njaya, Tavonga. "An Econometric Model of the Determinants of Married Women?s Land Rights in A1 Resettlement Areas in Zimbabwe." Asian Journal of Economic Modelling 2, no. 1 (2014): 32–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.8.2014.21.32.51.

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The study investigated the major determinants of married women’s land rights under the fast track land reform programme, 2000-2002 in A1 resettlement areas in Zimbabwe using econometric analysis on national baseline survey. Case data collected in Goromonzi District through in-depth interviews, direct observations and documentary reviews were used to complement results from the econometric model. Although the focus was on women beneficiaries of the fast track land reform programme, the study adopted a gender approach to study both men and women. The study revealed that extra-household factors s

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4

Logan, B. Ikubolajeh, George Tengbeh, and Brilliant Petja. "Towards a reorientation in land reform: From a market to locality-driven approach in South Africa’s land restitution programme." Progress in Development Studies 12, no. 2-3 (2012): 173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146499341101200306.

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Despite general agreement that land reform can be a catalyst for positive rural change in sub-Saharan Africa, the means towards this end are frequently coloured in ideological hues, which manifest themselves in confounding binaries like racial justice/environmental justice, market/state and equity/efficiency. The fractures surrounding sub-Saharan land reform are most obvious in the south, where the land question traces its roots to racially motivated colonial policies. The South African government, like others in the region, is attempting to combat landlessness through market-led land reform.

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Khan, Sajjad Ali, Abdul Shakoor, and Ahmad Ali. "The Politics of Land Redistribution and its Implications for the Effectiveness of Land Reform Programmes: Evidence from South Africa and Zimbabwe." sjesr 2, no. 2 (2020): 110–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol2-iss2-2019(110-124).

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Land reform programmes around the world are often geared towards the accomplishment of a set of diverse goals. The process of land reform per se epitomizes a set of measures among which the redistribution of land among the poor takes center-stage and is generally regarded as the most consequential pre-requisite of an effective and successful land reform programme. This article seeks to examine the centrality of land re-distribution among the poor and the implications thereof for achievement of the broader set of goals through an analysis of land reform programmes carried out in South Africa an

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6

Carey Miller, D. L., and Anne Pope. "South African land reform." Journal of African Law 44, no. 2 (2000): 167–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300012201.

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This article looks at the essential features and the effects of the South African land reform initiatives launched in the mid-1990s. After examining the context in which these initiatives have taken place, it deals separately with the three subprogrammes of land reform, namely, land restitution, land redistribution and land tenure reform. It discusses two particular features of the programme: its provision of title to millions of South Africans and its adjustment of the correlative position between the landowner and the holder of a lesser possessory or occupational right.

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7

Datta, Prabhat Kumar, and Panchali Sen. "LAND REFORMS IN AN INDIAN STATE: LESSONS FROM THE EXPERIENCES OF IMPLEMENTATION." Journal of Asian Rural Studies 2, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jars.v2i1.1361.

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Until the shift of developmental policy in India in 1990s the state used to play an instrumental role India’s development. By the time India attained independence it was widely regarded that semi feudal landlordism was the main obstacle in the way of national economic regeneration. In this paper an attempt has been to capture the processes of land reforms in India’s West Bengal under the Left Front rule and to critically review impact of this programme on village society. This paper also seeks to identify reasons with the help of empirical studies why it has not been possible for the Left Fron

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8

Pienaar, JM. "ASPECTS OF LAND ADMINISTRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF GOOD GOVERNANCE." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 12, no. 2 (2017): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2009/v12i2a2726.

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This paper explores aspects of land administration where public funding and interests necessitate the application of good governance practices. The South African land reform programme is divided in three sub-programmes, namely land restitution, land redistribution and tenure reform. Land reform is a vast subject, based on policy, legislation and case law. Therefore it is impossible to deal with good governance principles over the wide spectrum of land reform. Special attention is however given to the land restitution programme in terms of the Restitution of Land Rights Act 22 of 1994 and tenur

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9

Mangwanya, Fulton, and Charity Manyeruke. "Disability and land access in Zimbabwe’s fast track land reform programme." AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society 10, no. 1 (2020): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2075-6534/2020/10n1a1.

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10

Boone, Catherine, Arsene Brice Bado, Aristide Mah Dion, and Zibo Irigo. "Push, pull and push-back to land certification: regional dynamics in pilot certification projects in Côte d'Ivoire." Journal of Modern African Studies 59, no. 3 (2021): 247–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x21000124.

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AbstractSince 2000, many African countries have adopted land tenure reforms that aim at comprehensive land registration (or certification) and titling. Much work in political science and in the advocacy literature identifies recipients of land certificates or titles as ‘programme beneficiaries’, and political scientists have modelled titling programmes as a form of distributive politics. In practice, however, rural land registration programmes are often divisive and difficult to implement. This paper tackles the apparent puzzle of friction around rural land certification. We study Côte d'Ivoir

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11

Baporikar, Neeta. "Stakeholder Approach for Land Reform Programme to Enhance Access and Equity." International Journal of Political Activism and Engagement 8, no. 2 (2021): 40–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijpae.2021040103.

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Globally, the land is a valuable resource. Many years of colonialism resulted in the majority of the population having no access to agricultural land especially in many African countries, and Namibia is no exception. Today, land access and equity are burning issues. Hence, adopting a qualitative research approach and data collection with a non-random purposive sample of 60 respondents' through questionnaires, interviews, and secondary data to investigate how the stakeholder approach can facilitate the effective implementation of the land reform program to enhance access and equity in Namibia.

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12

Spierenburg, Marja. "Spirits and Land Reforms: Conflicts About Land in Dande, Northern Zimbabwe." Journal of Religion in Africa 35, no. 2 (2005): 197–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570066054024703.

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AbstractDespite its present support for the invasion of (mainly white-owned) commercial farms and emphasis on 'fast-track resettlement', most interventions by the post-Independence government of Zimbabwe in agriculture aimed to confine African farmers to the Communal Areas. In Dande, northern Zimbabwe, a land reform programme was introduced in 1987 that sought to 'rationalise' local land use practices and render them more efficient. Such reforms were deemed necessary to reduce the pressure on commercial farms. This article describes how the reforms caused Mhondoro mediums in Dande to challenge

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13

Rusenga, Clemence, and Senzeni Ncube. "The fast-track land reform programme in Zimbabwe: implications for land restitution." Africa Review 13, no. 2 (2021): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09744053.2021.1943148.

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14

Kloppers, Henk J., and Gerrit J. Pienaar. "The Historical Context of Land Reform in South Africa and Early Policies." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 2 (2017): 706. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2014/v17i2a2183.

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The need for the current land reform programme arose from the racially discriminatory laws and practices which were in place for the largest part of the twentieth century, especially those related to land ownership. The application of these discriminatory laws and practices resulted in extreme inequalities in relation to land ownership and land use. This article provides an overview of the most prominent legislation which provides the framework for the policy of racially-based territorial segregation. It further discusses the legislative measures and policies which were instituted during the p

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15

Lanzona, Leonardo A. "Agrarian Reform and Democracy: Lessons from the Philippine Experience." Millennial Asia 10, no. 3 (2019): 272–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0976399619879866.

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Throughout the country’s history, agrarian reform in the Philippines has long been a combative issue and one that is often preceded by some form of instability and violence. Used mainly as a tool to garner grassroots support, agrarian reforms were formally institutionalized by setting up regulations on land size and contracts. Despite efforts to integrate the reforms to the markets, including the clustering of small hectares (ha) of land into large corporate estates, the benefits of the Agrarian Reform Program remained elusive under conservative demarcations set by regulations, including the d

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16

Hargreaves, Samantha. "The Land Reform Pilot Programme: Capturing Opportunities for Rural Women." Agenda, no. 30 (1996): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4065778.

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17

Mutanda, Darlington. "The politicisation, dynamics and violence during Zimbabwe's land reform programme." Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research 5, no. 1 (2013): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17596591311290731.

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18

Jakwa, Tinashe. "Zimbabwe’s Fast Track Land Reform Programme: Beyond Emancipation, Towards Liberation." Australasian Review of African Studies 37, no. 1 (2016): 73–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22160/22035184/aras-2016-37-1/73-94.

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19

Erlank, Dr Wian. "Editorial." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 2 (2017): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2014/v17i2a2296.

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On Friday 27th July 2012 the conference on the "Green Paper on Land Reform: Challenges and Opportunities" was held at the Hakunamatata Estate in Muldersdrift. The conference was a joint project by the Konrad Adenauer Foundation (KAS) and the Faculty of Law, North-West University. While the main focus of the conference was on the specific issues raised by the Green Paper on Land Reform of 2011, it also addressed current and contemporary issues relating to the Land Reform issue as experienced in South Africa.Papers were delivered on various aspects of land reform relating to or arising from the

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20

Musendekwa, Menard, Munyaradzi Tinarwo, Rumbidzayi Chakauya, and Ereck Chakauya. "Beyond Land Redistribution: A Case for Stewardship in Land Reform." Journal of Land and Rural Studies 9, no. 1 (2020): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2321024920968315.

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The right to own and derive value out of the land, (cf. ownership) is a human right enshrined in the constitution of most democratic countries. Land reform is arguably the most emotional, socio-economic, and political subject of the colonial and post-colonial era of the African continent. It is a subject that has remained sacred and a taboo creating a fertile ground for protracted political, social, economic, and religious conflicts. Many African indigenous communities are genuinely struggling to address inequality and deprivation. Despite the overwhelming economic demand to address the land q

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21

Dome, Takuo. "Bentham and J. S. Mill on Tax Reform." Utilitas 11, no. 3 (1999): 320–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820800002533.

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Bentham and J. S. Mill can be regarded as utilitarian tax-reformers distinguished from political economists who were simply averse to taxation. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the difference between Bentham's and Mill's tax reform programmes. Bentham proposed the law of escheat and a tax on bankers' and stock dealers' profits, subject to the principle of least sacrifice of enjoyment. He also planned to correct the inequality of the land tax by extending it into a general income tax. Mill proposed an income tax on the basis of the principle of equal sacrifice of enjoyment. He also pro

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22

Sinclair-Bright, Leila. "Ambiguous Bonds: Relationships between Farm Workers and Land Beneficiaries after Zimbabwe’s Land Reform Programme." Journal of Southern African Studies 45, no. 5 (2019): 927–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070.2020.1677034.

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23

Kinsey, Bill H. "Land Reform, Growth and Equity: Emerging Evidence from Zimbabwe's Resettlement Programme." Journal of Southern African Studies 25, no. 2 (1999): 173–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/030570799108650.

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24

Musanga, Terrence. "GRAHAM LANG’S DEPICTION OF THE ZIMBABWEAN CRISIS, MIGRATION AND IDENTITY IN PLACE OF BIRTH (2006)." Imbizo 5, no. 2 (2017): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2078-9785/2846.

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This paper explores Graham Lang’s depiction of the Zimbabwean crisis, migration and identity in Place of Birth (2006). The text, by foregrounding the experiences of a white Zimbabwean family’s attempts to survive the crisis, offers a hitherto marginalised discourse/narrative in Zimbabwean literature, which largely focuses on the experiences of black Zimbabweans. Lang’s understanding of the nexus between the Zimbabwean crisis, migration and identity is chiefly centred on the Zimbabwean government’s land reform programme. However, Lang’s depiction of the Zimbabwean crisis in general and the land

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25

Shabangu, T., M. S. C. Ngidi, T. O. Ojo, and S. C. Babu. "Impact of Recapitalisation and Development Programme on Performance of Land Reform Beneficiary Farmers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Journal of Agricultural Science 13, no. 5 (2021): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v13n5p91.

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Providing appropriate post-settlement support to farmers is crucial for sustainable development of smallholder agriculture in South Africa. In unravelling this, the South Africa&rsquo;s Recapitalization and Development Programme (RADP) was initiated. Hence, this study analysed the impact of RADP on performance of land reform beneficiary farmers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select (n = 264) respondents for the study. Accounting for endogeneity issues in RADP assessments and its impact on the performance of land reform farmers, an endogenous swi

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26

Bunce, Brittany. "Dairy Joint Ventures in South Africa’s Land and Agrarian Reform Programme: Who Benefits?" Land 9, no. 9 (2020): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9090328.

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Joint Ventures (JVs) between ‘agribusiness’ investors and ‘small farmers’ or ‘customary landowners’ are being promoted in South Africa’s land and agrarian reform programme as a way to include land reform beneficiaries in the country’s competitive agricultural sector. This paper undertakes an in-depth comparative analysis of two JV dairy farms located on irrigation schemes in the former ‘homeland’ of the Ciskei, in South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province. The community, through government investment, brings the fixed assets to the business: land, irrigation infrastructure and milking parlours. The

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Chipenda, Clement, and Tom Tom. "The generational questions after land reform in Zimbabwe: a social reproduction perspective." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 11, no. 3 (2019): 403–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-02-2019-0072.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a contemporary perspective on post land reform Zimbabwe with special focus on the youth. It uses the social reproduction conceptual framework to show that two decades after land reform, there are generational questions which are now arising in the new resettlement areas which need deeper, empirical and more nuanced analysis to comprehend. In a context where some countries in Southern Africa are grappling with the best ways of dealing with their land questions, it shows that from a youth perspective, the Fast Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP) ha

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Phiri, Calvin, Njabulo Bruce Khumalo, and Mehluli Masuku. "THE IMPACT OF THE 2000 LAND REFORM PROGRAMME ON THE CAPITAL BLOCK, POPULARLY KNOWN AS THE â€˜NEW MALAWIâ€™." Oral History Journal of South Africa 2, no. 1 (2016): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2309-5792/1580.

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The 2000 land reform programme implemented by the government of Zimbabwe came with an initiative of acquiring enormous hectares of white-owned farmland and distributing it on a massive scale to small-scale farmers. Indeed the greater part of the land was taken from the white commercial farmers and distributed to the majority black Zimbabweans, leaving only a small share of the farmland in the hands of the whites. The land reform programme, undoubtedly, benefited Zimbabweans. In Zimbabwe, especially in mining areas, there are classes of Zimbabweans, those who originate from Zimbabwe, as well as

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29

Crothers, Charles. "The Effect of Community Context in The South African Land Reform Programme." Sociological Research Online 5, no. 2 (2000): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.498.

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30

Nyawo, Vongai Z. "Zimbabwe post-Fast Track Land Reform Programme: The different experiences coming through." International Journal of African Renaissance Studies - Multi-, Inter- and Transdisciplinarity 9, no. 1 (2014): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18186874.2014.916858.

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31

Mearns, Kevin F. "Ekaluka Farmers' Association and the Land Reform Programme: Expectations and success factors." Development Southern Africa 28, no. 2 (2011): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0376835x.2011.570070.

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32

Moyo, Philani. "Urban Livelihoods after the Fast Track Land Reform Programme in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Journal of Human Ecology 42, no. 1 (2013): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2013.11906578.

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33

Williams, Samual T., Kathryn S. Williams, Christoffel J. Joubert, and Russell A. Hill. "The impact of land reform on the status of large carnivores in Zimbabwe." PeerJ 4 (January 14, 2016): e1537. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1537.

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Large carnivores are decreasing in number due to growing pressure from an expanding human population. It is increasingly recognised that state-protected conservation areas are unlikely to be sufficient to protect viable populations of large carnivores, and that private land will be central to conservation efforts. In 2000, a fast-track land reform programme (FTLRP) was initiated in Zimbabwe, ostensibly to redress the racial imbalance in land ownership, but which also had the potential to break up large areas of carnivore habitat on private land. To date, research has focused on the impact of t

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34

Bayisenge, Jeannette. "From male to joint land ownership: Women's experiences of the land tenure reform programme in Rwanda." Journal of Agrarian Change 18, no. 3 (2018): 588–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joac.12257.

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35

James, Deborah. "Land for the Landless: Conflicting Images of Rural and Urban in South Africa's Land Reform Programme." Journal of Contemporary African Studies 19, no. 1 (2001): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589000125070.

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36

Ng'ong'ola, Clement. "Land Problems in Some Peri-Urban Villages in Botswana and Problems of Conception, Description and Transformation of “Tribal” Land Tenure." Journal of African Law 36, no. 2 (1992): 140–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300009864.

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In Botswana, as in several other African countries with a similar historical experience, a dual or plural land tenure system was carried over from the colonial era. The bulk of the land falls within the category of “tribal land”. It is predominantly held and occupied by indigenous peoples under customary notions of land tenure. The State also holds as “State land” a fairly significant proportion which fell under the category of “Crown lands” during the colonial era. A tiny proportion now falls within the category of “freehold land”. This is predominantly held and occupied in conformity with co

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37

Matavire, Melisa M., Mbulisi Sibanda, and Timothy Dube. "Assessing the aftermath of the fast track land reform programme in Zimbabwe on land-use and land-cover changes." Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 70, no. 2 (2015): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0035919x.2015.1017865.

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38

Coldham, Simon. "STATUTE NOTE." Journal of African Law 45, no. 2 (2001): 227–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0221855301001729.

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LAND ACQUISITION AMENDMENT ACT, 2000 (ZIMBABWE)Since Zimbabwe became independent in 1980 the issue of land reform and, in particular, the issue of land acquisition and redistribution has seldom been off the political agenda. For the first ten years of independence there were constitutional constraints on the acquisition of land for resettlement purposes, but the National Land Policy of 1990 set out plans for an accelerated programme of resettlement. In order to achieve its ambitious targets the government of Zimbabwe saw the need to strengthen its powers of compulsory acquisition both by amend

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Blaxill, Luke. "Joseph Chamberlain and the Third Reform Act: A Reassessment of the “Unauthorized Programme” of 1885." Journal of British Studies 54, no. 1 (2015): 88–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2014.251.

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AbstractThis article provides the first major analysis of the impact of Joseph Chamberlain's “Unauthorized Programme” on the General Election of 1885 in sixty-five years. Instead of focusing on high politics, it investigates the constituencies. Using quantitative analysis of linguistic data, it contends that historians have underestimated the program's impact on the speaking campaign, especially in the countryside, where its proposals of land reform, church disestablishment, and free education emerged as the dominant issues. That the “Unauthorized Programme” became so important so quickly in r

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Fontein, Joost. "Languages of land, water and ‘tradition’ around Lake Mutirikwi in southern Zimbabwe." Journal of Modern African Studies 44, no. 2 (2006): 223–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x06001613.

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This paper focuses on the deployment of a vocabulary of water and land in the rhetoric of power, resistance, and the politics of identity of clans and individuals around Lake Mutirikwi in southern Zimbabwe. When the Mutirikwi (Kyle) Dam was built during the colonial period of the 1960s, local communities lost a great deal of land, both beneath it and around it. Peoples' memories and claims over land that has, in effect, disappeared – alienated by water or appropriated to become commercial farms, a recreational park and game reserve – have not been obliterated. In recent years, disputes over th

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41

Naldi, Gino J. "Mike Campbell (Pvt) Ltd et al v The Republic of Zimbabwe: Zimbabwe's Land Reform Programme Held in Breach of the SADC Treaty." Journal of African Law 53, no. 2 (2009): 305–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855309990088.

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AbstractIn its first judgment the South African Development Community (SADC) Tribunal had to determine whether Zimbabwe's controversial programme of land redistribution for resettlement purposes was compatible with the SADC Treaty. The tribunal provided one of the few avenues of redress for farmers deprived of their property without compensation. It held that the land reform programme breached the treaty on the grounds that the property owners had been denied access to the domestic courts, that the applicants had been victims of racial discrimination, and that the state had failed to pay compe

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Hoogeveen, J. G. M., and B. H. Kinsey. "Land Reform, Growth and Equity: Emerging Evidence from Zimbabwe's Resettlement Programme ‐ A Sequel." Journal of Southern African Studies 27, no. 1 (2001): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070120029536.

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43

Mutopo, Patience, Jeanette Manjengwa, and Manase Chiweshe. "Shifting Gender Dimensions and Rural Livelihoods after Zimbabwe’s Fast-Track Land Reform Programme." Agrarian South: Journal of Political Economy 3, no. 1 (2014): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277976014530225.

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44

Persson, Martin, Jesper Moberg, Madelene Ostwald, and Jintao Xu. "The Chinese Grain for Green Programme: Assessing the carbon sequestered via land reform." Journal of Environmental Management 126 (September 2013): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.02.045.

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45

Rutten, Rosanne. "Who Shall Benefit? Conflicts among the Landless Poor in a Philippine Agrarian Reform Programme." Asian Journal of Social Science 38, no. 2 (2010): 204–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853110x490908.

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AbstractAcross plantation communities in the Philippines, farm workers are locked in struggles about their entitlement to land. Who may qualify as ‘rightful beneficiaries’ in the current government programme of land redistribution has become a deeply contentious issue. The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law of 1988 has produced — besides landowner resistance — an extensive renegotiation of land rights at the community level that may set landless workers against one another. This paper explores, for the sugarcane plantation region of Negros Occidental, why these intra-poor conflicts take place a

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46

WICKRAMANAYAKE, EBEL, YAFANG CHEN, and MING WEN. "RESURRECTION OF THE PRIVATE MICRO-ENTERPRISES IN CHINA: EXPERIENCE IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS." Journal of Enterprising Culture 03, no. 03 (1995): 293–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495895000167.

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The People's Republic of China initiated a reform programme in late 1970s to move from a socialist to a socialist market economy. The unemployment in urban areas and poor performances of the agricultural sector prompted to a great extent the introduction of reforms which paved the way for the resurrection of private micro-enterprises both in urban and rural areas. A comparison of the characteristics of these enterprises such as entrepreneurship, sources of capital, access to land and sites, technology, sources of raw materials, labour utilisation, type of activities and internal capital accumu

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Musanga, Terrence. "Zimbabwe’s land reform programme, migration and identity in Lawrence Hoba’sThe Trek and Other Stories." African Identities 15, no. 1 (2016): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14725843.2016.1154814.

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Muchefa, Livingstone, and Calvin Phiri. "Orality versus Written Legislation: Oral History as used in Zimbabwe`s Post-2000 Land Reform Programme." Oral History Journal of South Africa 4, no. 2 (2018): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2309-5792/336.

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Abstract:

Zimbabwe became a colony of the British Empire on 13 September 1890, and attained independence in 1980. During the colonial period of 1890 to 1980 land was expropriated primarily from the indigenous Ndebele and the Shona tribal groups through the institutionalisation of legislation that brought about the segregation of Africans and paved the way for settlement and farming by whites. Between 1980 and 1990 there was little progress in terms of resettlement programmes because of financial constraints and the terms and conditions of the Lancaster House Agreement regarding the willing seller willin

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Dande, Innocent, and Joseph Mujere. "Contested histories and contested land claims: traditional authorities and the Fast Track Land Reform programme in Zimbabwe, 2000–2017." Review of African Political Economy 46, no. 159 (2019): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2019.1609922.

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Mlambo, A. S. "‘This is Our land’." Journal of Developing Societies 26, no. 1 (2010): 39–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0169796x1002600103.

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This study seeks to trace the role of race in the evolution of the land question in Zimbabwe from Occupation to the ‘fast-track land reform programme’ of 2000 and beyond to explore the extent to which the era of colonial domination made the racialization of the land issue in the post-colonial period almost unavoidable. It contends that Mugabe’s use of race to justify the campaign to drive whites from the land from 2000 onwards was facilitated (in part) by the fact that race had always been used by the colonial authorities as a decisive factor in land acquisition and allocation throughout the c

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