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1
Kayali, H. "Jumping obstacles : the Israeli settlement course." Thesis, Coventry University, 2016. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/d95fd85e-f685-4b29-9640-19f758dd841a/1.
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Since 2005, when the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued its opinion deeming the Israeli Separation Wall and settlements illegal, there have been significant developments in the nonviolent methods adopted for countering Israeli occupation. While Palestinian nonviolent resistance has existed throughout history, from this time onwards, there have been a number of factors that give this period its unique traits. The most central method that has been adopted by all nonviolent actors is to influence economic interaction with Israel in a way that is in line with international law, and is supportive of the official positions adopted by the countries that nonviolent activists aim to influence. While Israeli settlements are illegal according to international law, they include industrial areas that export products to many countries. Through this contradiction, nonviolent activists have found an opportunity to pressurise countries to end their economic ties with those settlements, and consequently put pressure Israel to change its settlement policies. Some of these call for ending economic ties with Israel itself, because it is upholding the settlements, and some call for ending ties only with Israeli settlements; in other words, some target the criminal and others just the crime. In 2010, the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) adopted its first unilateral program that was not in agreement with Israel, and which introduced a strategy for the cessation of economic ties with Israeli settlements. This was done through a mixture of national public awareness campaigns to influence consumer behaviour, and the introduction of legislation by which it became illegal for Palestinian enterprises to have any economic ties with Israeli settlements. After starting by focussing on its own markets, the PNA called upon other countries to follow suit by lobbying government officials, parliamentarians, and financial institutions. However, this action came five years after a call for a full boycott, including divestment and sanctions against Israel, made by Palestinian civil society organizations and political parties. This call, known as the BDS call had gained tremendous support and amalgamated a large pool of members internationally by the time that the PNA started with its campaign for a limited boycott. This disparity has had a significant influence on the dynamics of the boycott movement, both locally in Palestine and globally. This research explores those dynamics. It takes an in-‐‑depth look at the effort to end economic ties with settlements, including who the actors are, what they aim for, how they interact, and how effective they have been. The PNA’s program to end economic ties with settlements was chosen as a case study for this doctoral thesis, because of its central position in relation to the topic and the unique access to its documentation through the author’s previous role as its director.
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Pienaar, Ashwin Mark. "Israel and Palestine: some critical international relations perspectives on the 'two-state' solution." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003030.
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This research questions whether Israel and Palestine should be divided into two states. Viewed through the International Relations (IR) theories of Realism and Liberalism, the ‘Two-State’ solution is the orthodox policy for Israel and Palestine. But Israelis and Palestinians are interspersed and share many of the same resources making it difficult to create two states. So, this research critiques the aforementioned IR theories which underpin the ‘Two-State’ solution. The conclusion reached is that there ought to be new thinking on how to resolve the Israel-Palestine issue.
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Walsh, John C. "Landscapes of longing colonization and the problem of state formation in Canada west /." Connect to this title online, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ65839.pdf.
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Bhe, Ntomboxolo Grace. "Land restitution policy in old West Bank location, East London." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14620.
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This thesis summarises research on the implementation of land restitution policy in the old West Bank Location, in East London. Apartheid legislation dispossessed many Black people of their land. After 1994, the new democratic government implemented a land reform programme, land policy was reviewed, and people were compensated for the loss of land either financially or through restoration of their land. The original cut-off date for claims was 1998, but the window for claims was reopened in July 2014 because of difficulties in implementation. The period for the lodging of claims was extended to end June 2019 to allow people who had not yet been able to do so to participate in the process. In case of the old West Bank Location claims, compensation was in the form of land restoration, including houses which would be built for the claimants. This study documents the successes and challenges encountered in the implementation of land policy in the old West Bank Location. Triangulation of methods was used: data were collected from documents, interviews with claimants, interviews with government officials, and observation of meetings. Recommendations with regard to land policy are made on the basis of the research findings.
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Clement, Cathie. "Australia's north-west : a study of exploration, land policy and land acquisition, 1644-1884." Murdoch University, 1991. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070905.104718.
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The thesis analyses the continuum of European activity that preceded establishment of an effective pastoral industry in Australia's north-west. Two strands - physical activity and evolution of legislation - are interwoven, examining growth in geographical knowledge, proposals for colonisation and the outcome of interplay between government officials and landholders over land policy.
Growth in geographical knowledge gave rise to colonisation proposals from 1828. The thesis relates these proposals to events affecting northern Australia to show that promotion and occupation of north-west lands constituted an integral part of the outgrowth of colonial settlement in Australia.
Europeans occupied the north-west in two waves, abortively during the 1860s and continuously from 1879. The existing literature identifies these waves but provides inadequate analysis of events to 1884. The thesis fills this gap by showing that land hunger, misinformation, land speculation, manipulation of legislation and exploitation of political power for private commercial gain determined the shape of north-west settlement. Moreover, by relating land policy to tenure and occupation, it shows that private individuals influenced land policy and impeded official plans for rapid settlement. Thus, the thesis provides a fresh perspective not only on the prelude to effective pastoral settlement in the north-west but on the management of Western Australia's outlying lands in the period before responsible government.
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Kurtz, June Margaret. "The Albania settlement of Griqualand West, 1866-1878." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004665.
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The history of the Albania Settlement of Griqualand West is examined from its beginnings in 1866 to its demise in 1878. Albania was very much a product of its time. Nineteenth century British colonial policy was basically expansionist, despite minor fluctuations caused by the various influences affecting it, such as the Free Trade and Mercantilist doctrines, social factors within Britain and events within the colonies themselves. From 1815 colonial settlements were fairly common in British territory, especially after Wakefield had provided a convincing theoretical framework for them. Within South Africa itself there are differing interpretations of what motivated British policy and of the role of the missionaries, while the changing political and economic landscape markedly affected Britain's decisions. British Government settlement schemes were undertaken mainly for social or military reasons, but there were also many settlements founded by land speculators. The economically depressed 1860s hit the Eastern Cape hard and this, combined with the transition to sheep farming, which created considerable land hunger, made the Albania scheme attractive to Eastern Cape farmers. The Griqua people led by Andries Waterboer had made a great effort to establish hegemony north of the Orange River, over the Sotho-Tswana and other Griqua chiefs. By 1866 the attempt had failed and Free State farmers were encroaching onto Nicholas Waterboer's lands. When Waterboer's agent, David Arnot, proposed the establishment of a settlement of Albany men to act as a "Wall of Flesh", Waterboer accepted the idea. Arnot's motivation was also land speculation in an area where diamonds were likely to push up land values. From its inception the settlement was dogged by quarrels, mainly over land, amongst the parties involved - the Griqua, brutally removed to make way for the settlers; the settlers, dissatisfied with the land tenure system and their administration; Arnot; the British and the encroaching Boer farmers . After the 1871 annexation of Griqualand West, into which Albania was absorbed, it took seven years, two Land Commissions, a Land Court and a special Land Claims Commissioner to sort out the tangled claims and bring order to the area and Albania's history to a close.
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Bird, Polly. "Landownership and settlement change in south-west Cheshire from 1750 to 2000." Thesis, University of Chester, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/68596.
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This work analyses the impact of landownership on the physical development and other factors affecting settlements in south-west Cheshire between 1750 and 2000, seeking to demonstrate the hypothesis that landownership was the overriding influence on settlement growth or decline. To assist in this the work also addresses the related problem of how most accurately to analyse landownership in townships. It therefore presents an original methodology using the Herfmdahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) in an historical context to determine the amount of landowner concentration in a township. The use of HHI as a measure of landownership concentration (indicating the extent of large landowner control) is presented as a more accurate, easy to use, quantifiable method of analysis than the traditional distinction between 'open' and 'closed'. Following a demonstration of HHI's superiority over the traditional terms using examples in south-west Cheshire, HHI is used to analyse the effect on settlement development of landownership trends in the area. HHI is then used to analyse the effect of dominant landowners on the main population trends, transport infrastructure, farming, enclosure and twentieth-century planning and legislation in relation to settlement development in the area. HHI supports the main conclusion that decisions made by large landowners and subsequently planners in south-west Cheshire had a continuous and profound effect on settlement patterns and development from the mid-eighteenth century up to the end of the twentieth century. The intervention and influence of the major landowners and twentieth-century planners hindered settlement growth. Landowners had both a direct influence on settlement development through the buying and selling of land and an indirect influence through their role in determining the transport infrastructure and their bequest of a prevailing pattern of land use, which in turn was preserved via modern planning decisions. Following the decline of major landowners during the early twentieth century, planning laws restricted building in agricultural areas with the aim of preserving agricultural land. Analysis of land tax records in conjunction with HHI shows that although landownership consolidation took place, the number of smaller landowners was maintained and even increased in places and such building as took place was focussed on the increasing number of smaller plots. HHI also demonstrates the discernible trend that in south-west Cheshire the settlements that were the larger, more open settlements of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were those that increased in size both physically and in terms of population throughout the period while the smaller closed settlements tended to stagnate or decline. Overall the research has demonstrated that settlements flourished in low HHI townships with less control by large landowners, that settlements in high HHI townships were rarely allowed to grow, and that patterns established in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were perpetuated into the late twentieth and early twenty-first century by a conservative approach to planning.
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Creel, Darrell Glenn, and Darrell Glenn Creel. "A STUDY OF PREHISTORIC BURNED ROCK MIDDENS IN WEST CENTRAL TEXAS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187540.
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Burned rock middens large accumulations of thermally fractured rock are among the most common features in Archaic archaeolgical sites in Central Texas. With a sample of 1654 archaeological sites, the distribution of burned rock midden sites is compared with the occurrence of live oak savanna in an area of approximately 55,800 square kilometers in west central Texas. The objective of this distributional analysis is a preliminary assessment of the hypothesis that burned rock middens relate to prehistoric exploitation of acorns. The similarity of the distribution of burned rock middens to both the modern and postulated Archaic distribution of live oak savanna supports this hypothesis. On this basis, it is Inferred that acorns from Quercus fusiformis and perhaps Q. texana and Q. sinuata, var. breviloba were major foods during at least part of the Archaic period. Burned rock middens are suggested to be accumulations mainly of discarded boiling stone fragments broken from use in stone-boiling of acorn foods. Data on modern areas of live oak savanna are used to show that the acorn production Is quite substantial in some portions of Central Texas and is sufficient in most years to support a population density of 1-3 persons per square kilometer for at least half a year. The implications of this potential are evaluated, especially in regard to the kinds of archaeological remains found at burned rock midden sites. The similarity of the distributions of burned rock middens and live oak savanna suggest that the modern general occurrence of live oak savanna is little changed from that 5000 years ago. The possible loss of oaks in one portion of the study area may reflect either short or long periods of drying conditions at some time since 5000 BP.
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Aggelen, Johannes G. C. van. "Conflicting claims to sovereignty over the West-Bank an in-depth analysis of the historical roots and feasible options in the framework of a future settlement of the dispute /." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA/R/-?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=92137.
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Enav, Yarden B. "Searching for Israeliness in 'No Man's Land' : an ethnographic research of Israeli citizenship in a zionist academic institute in the 'West-Bank' of Israel/Palestine." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4083.
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This thesis is the result of ethnographic research carried out in an Israeli academic institution, located in the West-Bank of Israel/Palestine. Focusing on the social science department, the research examines the content and context of the study of social anthropology in this institute namely, The Academic College of Judea & Samaria ('The ACJS'), and analyses the ways in which Israeli identity is being understood and imagined by its students. Part One of the thesis examines the broad academic and geo-political context of the study of social anthropology in The Academic College of Judea & Samaria (The ACJS). This part includes three chapters: The first chapter presents an historical analysis of 'Israeli Social Anthropology' as a (Zionist) national tradition of ethnographic research. The second chapter is an introduction to the research of citizenship in Israel/Palestine and to the related concept of Israeliness as a 'culture of citizenship'. It includes an analysis of the West-Bank of Israel/Palestine as a disputed geo-political entity and a (political) no man's land within the international system of nation-states. The third chapter is an outline of the Jewish-Israeli settlement project in the West-Bank of Israel/Palestine, and also introduces the reader to the WB settlers. Part Two of the thesis is ethnographic and includes three chapters. The first chapter is ethnography of the West-Bank settlement-town where the ACJS is located, Ariel 'Settlementown'. This chapter incorporates a new descriptive method in political anthropology or, in the 'anthropology of the political', that of ‘sensing the political’ (Navaro-Yashin, 2003). The second and third chapters of the ethnographic part describe and analyze 'everyday life' in the ACJS itself, focusing on its social sciences department. It examines the way in which social anthropology is taught in the ACJS, and the ways in which Israeli identity is imagined and understood by its students. The summary of the thesis includes a triple hierarchical model of Israeli citizenship, based on this research, as well as suggestions for further research in the field of political anthropology and the anthropology of citizenship. The analytical focus of this research is Israeli citizenship and the concept of Israeliness as a 'culture of citizenship'. The research set itself as a search for the ways in which Israeliness was expressed and practiced in the 'everyday life' of people in the ACJS, and especially among its social science students and faculty. Studying Israeliness as a culture of citizenship implies adopting a new and different way of conceptualizing and understanding Israeli identity. Instead of adopting the Zionist political image of a (Jewish) national community, a view which, as has been the situation also in Israeli Social Anthropology, excludes non-Jewish citizens of Israel, the concept of Israeliness as a 'culture of citizenship' offers a new image of an Israeli political identity/community, one that includes all citizens of the State of Israel, regardless of their ethnic/religious identity and belonging. Thus, it is intended that the main contribution of this thesis will be to 'Israeli Social Anthropology' in filling these methodological and theoretical Lacunae, and in showing a way out of what appears to be a conceptual dead-end which it had reached concerning the interpretation and representation of Israeli identity. This intention seems even more advisable in the particular case of Israel/Palestine, where an adoption of the more inclusive discourse of 'citizenship' might contribute towards ‘Peace Education’, so much needed today as part of the long-term efforts to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
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Dietl, Holger. "Analyse der paläolithischen Siedlungsdynamik an Freilandfundplätzen in der levantinischen Steppenzone /." Rahden, Westf. : Leidorf, 2009. http://www.vml.de/d/detail.php?ISBN=978-3-89646-856-7.
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Mahrok, Abdel Rahman Abdel Hadi. "Physical planning system and the physical spatial structure of the human settlement : the case of Palestine from late 19th century to 1994 with special reference to Tulkarm city, West Bank." Thesis, Glasgow School of Art, 1995. http://radar.gsa.ac.uk/4023/.
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Human settlements are the basic constituents of the historical spatial organisation of society and its physical environment. The human settlement is composed of several elements which together form an overall system. These elements are the physical environment, society, the spatial structure and planning. The physical spatial structure of the settlement is an important framework within which other systems of the settlement exist and function. The physical spatial structure of the human settlement consists of five main elements; central area, neighbourhoods, the fringe, open land beyond the fringe and road system. The physical spatial structure of the settlement has always been affected by the decisions of people who live within it. These decisions constitute the physical planning system of the human settlement. The physical planning system aims to control and manage the physical spatial structure of the settlement. The physical planning system, in this respect, is seen as the state intervention in the control and management of the physical spatial structure of the settlement. The physical planning system is composed of two main elements; institutional arrangements and instrumental representations. The important question is what relationship does exist between the physical planning system and the physical spatial structure of the settlement? This research aims to investigate this problem by considering the physical planning system in Palestine and its relationship with the physical spatial structures of Palestinian settlements from the late 19th century to 1994. The importance of Palestine in this investigation depends on the fact that, within this century alone, Palestine had four different physical planning systems. These systems have drastically affected the physical spatial structures of Palestinian settlements. This research is based on the examination of the elements of each physical planning system in Palestine and the way by which they have affected the physical spatial structures of Palestinian settlements. A detailed case study is provided for the city of Tulkarm in order to illustrate the actual effects of the physical planning system in Palestine on elements of the physical spatial structure of this settlement. Within the above theoretical framework and empirical investigations, this research is an important attempt to achieve more insights into models and theories of both the physical planning system and the physical spatial structure of the settlement.
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Nabarro, Sergio Aparecido. "Reforma agrária de mercado nos municípios de Londrina e Tamarana - PR." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-08122010-105412/.
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Criado pelo Banco Mundial, no bojo das políticas neoliberais de ajuste estrutural, e adotado pelo Estado brasileiro na década de 1990, o modelo de reforma agrária de mercado representa uma tentativa de contensão das tensões sociais no campo por meio da desmobilização dos movimentos sociais de luta pela terra. No entanto, os desdobramentos nocivos dessas ações políticas vão além. A implementação desse modelo, dito de reforma agrária, representa ainda: a expansão do capital financeiro no campo; o aquecimento do mercado de terras e da especulação; inaugura uma nova modalidade de recriação do campesinato, protagonizada pelo mercado; e cria um conflito entre a lógica capitalista de propriedade privada da terra e a concepção de terra de trabalho, na visão camponesa. A presente pesquisa visa analisar a inserção do modelo de reforma agrária de mercado nos municípios de Londrina e Tamarana, localizados na região Norte do estado do Paraná, por meio da análise da produção do espaço agrário dos referidos municípios que favoreceu a penetração do modelo; da avaliação das políticas de desenvolvimento rural propostas pelo Banco Mundial e adotadas pelo Estado brasileiro; e, por meio da análise de elementos, como: sujeição da renda camponesa da terra ao capital, reprodução social e material das famílias assentadas e conflitos existentes no interior das diferentes formas de sociabilidade dos camponeses, verificamos a inviabilidade dos assentamentos rurais criados a partir dos programas de reforma agrária de mercado, pautados na ótica neoliberal de desenvolvimento rural do Banco Mundial.Created by the World Bank, in the midst of the neoliberal policies of structural adjustment, and adopted by the Brazilian state in the 1990s, the model of market agrarian reform represents an attempt at containment of social tensions in rural areas through the demobilization of social movements fighting the land. However, the harmful consequences of these actions go beyond policies. The implementation of this model, called the \"land reform\", is still: the expansion of financial capital in the field, the \"warming\" of the land market and speculation, inaugurates a new mode of recreation of the peasantry, led by the market and creates a conflict between the logic of capitalist private ownership of land and the design of earth work, vision peasant. This research aims to analyze the inclusion of the model of agrarian market reform in the municipalities of Londrina and Tamarana, located in northern Paraná state, through the analysis of agricultural production space of those counties that favored the penetration of the model; of evaluation of rural development policies proposed by the World Bank and adopted by the Brazilian State, and, through the analysis of elements, such as subjecting the income of peasant land to capital, material and social reproduction of families settled and conflicts within the various forms of sociability of the peasants, we see the inevitability of rural settlements created from the agrarian reform programs in the market, lined the neoliberal perspective on rural development under the World Bank.
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Odeh, Yousre. "Wind Power Potential in Palestine/Israel : An investigation study for the potential of wind power in Palestine/Israel, with emphasis on the political obstacles." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-217094.
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Wind resource assessment studies have been conducted in the Israeli side and the Palestinian side before; however, the previous studies were restricted with the political border either Palestinian or Israeli except one of them that was based on measurements dated to 1940-1983 (R. Shabbaneh & A. Hasan, 1997). Moreover, the studies were performed years ago, with simple techniques and based on old data (R. Shabbaneh & A. Hasan, 1997). Hence, the needs for a new study that is based on updated data, and using updated model is highly demanded. This study is intended to perform wind resource assessment in Palestine/Israel; the study has used two stages of assessment, primary one based on reference station data on both sides, Israeli and Palestinian. The second stage of wind resource assessment is based on WindPRO software. The wind resource assessment ends up with identifying sites with higher potential that are situated in four selected sites, North of Palestine/Israel, North of West-bank, Jerusalem, and Eilat, the higher potential was in Eilat area bearing mean wind speed of 9.88m/s at 100 m hub height.Moreover, the study recognized the importance of political situation assessment due to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Based on conducted survey, the political situation assessment concluded that international non-governmental organizations seem to be most capable of starting up wind power project in Palestine/Israel. Furthermore, the study concluded that supportive policies from both the Israeli and Palestinian governments are crucial to promote wind power projects in the region.
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Kuruvilla, Samuel Jacob. "Radical Christianity in the Holy Land : a comparative study of liberation and contextual theology in Palestine-Israel." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/71932.
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Palestine is known as the birthplace of Christianity. However the Christian population of this land is relatively insignificant today, despite the continuing institutional legacy that the 19th century Western missionary focus on the region created. Palestinian Christians are often forced to employ politically astute as well as theologically radical means in their efforts to appear relevant within an increasingly Islamist-oriented society. My thesis focuses on two ecumenical Christian organisations within Palestine, the Sabeel Ecumenical Liberation Theology Centre in Jerusalem (headed by the Anglican cleric Naim Stifan Ateek) and Dar Annadwa Addawliyya (the International Centre of Bethlehem-ICB, directed by the Lutheran theologian Mitri Raheb). Based on my field work (consisting of an in-depth familiarisation with the two organisations in Palestine and interviews with their directors, office-staff and supporters worldwide, as well as data analyses based on an extensive literature review), I argue that the grassroots-oriented educational, humanitarian, cultural and contextual theological approach favoured by the ICB in Bethlehem is more relevant to the Palestinian situation, than the more sectarian and Western-oriented approach of the Sabeel Centre. These two groups are analysed primarily according to their theological-political approaches. One, (Sabeel), has sought to develop a critical Christian response to the Palestine-Israel conflict using the politico-theological tool of liberation theology, albeit with a strongly ecumenical Western-oriented focus, while the other (ICB), insists that its theological orientation draws primarily from the Levantine Christian (and in their particular case, the Palestinian Lutheran) context in which Christians in Israel-Palestine are placed. Raheb of the ICB has tried to develop a contextual theology that seeks to root the political and cultural development of the Palestinian people within their own Eastern Christian context and in light of their peculiarly restricted life under an Israeli occupation regime of over 40 years. In the process, I argue that the ICB has sought to be much more situationally relevant to the needs of the Palestinian people in the West Bank, given the employment, socio-cultural and humanitarian-health opportunities opened up by the practical-institution building efforts of this organisation in Bethlehem.
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Gledhill, James. "Into the past : nationalism and heritage in the neoliberal age." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12114.
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This thesis examines the ideological nexus of nationalism and heritage under the social conditions of neoliberalism. The investigation aims to demonstrate how neoliberal economics stimulate the irrationalism manifest in nationalist idealisation of the past. The institutionalisation of national heritage was originally a rational function of the modern state, symbolic of its political and cultural authority. With neoliberal erosion of the productive economy and public institutions, heritage and nostalgia proliferate today in all areas of social life. It is argued that this represents a social pathology linked to the neoliberal state's inability to construct a future-orientated national project. These conditions enhance the appeal of irrational nationalist and regionalist ideologies idealising the past as a source of cultural purity. Unable to achieve social cohesion, the neoliberal state promotes multiculturalism, encouraging minorities to embrace essentialist identity politics that parallel the nativism of right-wing nationalists and regionalists. This phenomenon is contextualised within the general crisis of progressive modernisation in Western societies that has accompanied neoliberalisation and globalisation. A new theory of activist heritage is advanced to describe autonomous, politicised heritage that appropriates forms and practices from the state heritage sector. Using this concept, the politics of irrational nationalism and regionalism are explored through fieldwork, including participant observation, interviews and photography. The interaction of state and activist heritage is considered at the Wewelsburg 1933-1945 Memorial Museum in Germany wherein neofascists have re-signified Nazi material culture, reactivating it within contemporary political narratives. The activist heritage of Israeli Zionism, Irish Republicanism and Ulster Loyalism is analysed through studies of museums, heritage centres, archaeological sites, exhibitions, monuments and historical re-enactments. These illustrate how activist heritage represents a political strategy within irrational ideologies that interpret the past as the ethical model for the future. This work contends that irrational nationalism fundamentally challenges the Enlightenment's assertion of reason over faith, and culture over nature, by superimposing pre-modern ideas upon the structure of modernity. An ideological product of the Enlightenment, the nation state remains the only political unit within which a rational command of time and space is possible, and thus the only viable basis for progressive modernity.
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Dautel, Cindy. "Selected patterns of population movement and settlement in the West Bank since 1967." 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27473.
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Hosnédlová, Eva. "Židovské znovuosídlení Hebronu po roce 1967." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-348616.
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The thesis outlined the history of the Jewish settlement of Hebron from Biblical times to the year 1929, which was the milestone in the history of the Jewish settlement of this city. The thesis describes the aftermath of the Six-Day War (in June 1967) and the atmosphere in the Jewish society, which played into the hands of the spiritual authorities of religious Zionism - e.g. Abraham Isaac Kook and his son Tzvi Yehuda Kook. Their messianic expectations and teachings, which made the settlement of the Land of Israel the top priority, led to the expansion of the settlement in the territory of biblical Judea and the Samaria Area. We watched the beginning of settlement activities that significantly affected politics. We provided examples that led to the "resettlement" of Hebron after 1979 when the women and children of the settlers from Kirjath Arba occupied the former Jewish hospital Hadassa, which meant the actual "resettlement" of Hebron because up until then, their settlements had been built only on the outskirts of the city. I also tried to describe the settlement differences and motivations between both Jewish communities before and after the Six-Day War.
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Molebiemang, Kaone. "The effects of the underutilisation of the restored farmlands in Taung: North West province." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26892.
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The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of the underutilisation of the restored farmlands in the Taung area of the North West province, South Africa. The study was based on the two communal property institutions: the Sebuemang-Khaukhwe Communal Property Association (CPA) and Rethabile Mosimane Trust. This study was grounded in the theory of the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF). A qualitative research methodology was used to guide the study, while the SLF was used to guide the study, relevant data gathering methods, and the selection of measuring instruments led to the acceptable findings.
The findings of the research study have confirmed that there were some effects of the underutilisation of the land in the two communal property institutions (CPIs). The underlying factors of the underutilisation of the land were found to be the institutional weaknesses of the state, and to a lesser extent, the institutional weaknesses of the CPIs. Furthermore, the findings revealed that the effects on the beneficiaries of the two CPIs, were not as massive as contemplated due to the contribution of the state’s social welfare programme on the livelihoods of the beneficiaries. Some of the effects identified were namely: no farm production, no sale and income of farm production, no home consumption of farm produce surplus and no employment. Additional to that host of the factors of vulnerability there are that rose from them i.e.: poverty, destitution, and emotional effects (frustration and anger) and ultimate conflict eruption in the CPIs.
In conclusion, the study made recommendations based on key issues which some are: Adequate livelihoods and technical support by state, state’s policies review, retention of the state’s social welfare support, requesting of the private sector to contribute to land reform and rehabilitation of the old gravel road by a relevant state organ (Dept: Public works).Development Studies
M.A. (Development Studies)
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Manari, Ndishavhelafhi. "Assessment of comprehensive agricultural support programme to the smallholder producers of Lejweleputswa District, Free State Province, South Africa." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/352.
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Desta, Afera Alemu. "Socio-economic impacts of villagisation and large-scale agricultural investment on the indigenous people of Gambella, South West Ethiopia." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21625.
Full textAbstract:
Villagisation and large-scale agricultural investments in Gambella region has been a major concern of human right groups. The Ethiopian government argues that villagisation program is voluntary and part of Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP) which attempts to bring development to indigenous communities and nothing to do with large-scale agricultural investment. On the contrary, human right groups and local civil society organizations claim that the Ethiopian government is forcefully relocating indigenous people from their ancestral land under the disguise of development while the true motive of the government is to expand agricultural investment in the region at the expense of the livelihood of the local communities.
This research is an attempt to investigate the controversial villagisation and large-scale
agricultural investment in Gambella regional state by looking into the link between large-scale agricultural investment and villagisation. The main focus of the research is to examine the impacts of agricultural investment and villagisation in Gambella region the light of the Ethiopian government policy in the region and the alleged development induced human right violations.
The research is based on a qualitative method to capture data from 32 villagisation sites
using in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and field observations. For the purpose of this study, 241 participants were selected from the study sites to participate in the research.
Out of the 241 participants 75 of them were participated in in-depth interviews and the rest were included in focus group discussions and informal discussions based on the
participants’ knowledge, views, experience and feelings associated with villagisation and
large-scale agricultural investment in the region.
The findings of this study show no indication of involuntary villagisation, no significant
relationship between villagisation and investment, or no evidence of previously occupied
land being leased to investors. However, the study reveals that there has been serious lack of communication and misinformation from the government side in the process of planning and implementing the villagisation program. Owing to this, suspicion and lack of trust between government officials and the local communities characterized implementation of the villagisation project.Geography