Journal articles: 'Land tenure – Zimbabwe – History'

1

O'Keefe, Phil, and Sam Moyo. "Land Tenure in Zimbabwe." Review of African Political Economy 23, no. 70 (December 1996): 579–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056249608704232.

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O'Flaherty, Michael. "Communal tenure in Zimbabwe: divergent models of collective land holding in the Communal Areas." Africa 68, no. 4 (October 1998): 537–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161165.

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This article discusses the historical construction of land tenure patterns in the Communal Areas of Zimbabwe, previously the Reserves of colonial Rhodesia. In many respects the form of communal tenure found in the Communal Areas today emerged during the early colonial period. While being glossed as ‘traditional’, communal tenure is a contradictory amalgam of local, regional and state initiatives. The discussion outlines the historical development of present tenure relations in the Communal Areas, reviews their multiple sources of legitimacy and suggests that common property regimes in Zimbabwe are not simply the artefact of colonial indirect rule.

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Cheater, Angela. "The ideology of ‘communal’ land tenure in Zimbabwe: Mythogenesis enacted?" Africa 60, no. 2 (April 1990): 188–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160332.

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Opening ParagraphLand is widely regarded as central to the politics of both colonial and postcolonial Zimbabwe. Land was, ostensibly, the core issue over which the liberation struggle was waged. On the successful redistribution of land, in Shamuyarira's (1984: 8) view, will depend ‘the future reputation and credibility of the new socio-economic and political order among the Zimbabwean masses’. Land, then, is ‘vital’ (ibid.) to both leaders and led in Zimbabwe.

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Rakodi, C. "Urban Land Policy in Zimbabwe." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 28, no. 9 (September 1996): 1553–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a281553.

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Related to the functions of the central state and local state, a range of interventions in the urban land-development process may be pursued. Typically, policies and practices related to land are devised at different times for different purposes and are administered by different agencies. Rarely are the relationships between them, their implementation, and their overall impact considered systematically, especially for developing countries. In this paper I evaluate urban land policy in Zimbabwe. I consider tenure, land-use planning and development control, taxation, and direct public sector intervention in the land market. Particular attention is given to the local administrative context and to the relationship between central and local government as portrayed in the paths of land delivery for private developers, municipalities, and central government. The overall conclusion is that Zimbabwe's urban land administration system works effectively. However, it is formal and complex, which is restricting its ability to play an appropriate role in catering for rapid urban growth and the needs of low-income residents.

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Chimhowu, Admos, and Philip Woodhouse. "Forbidden But Not Suppressed: a ‘Vernacular’ Land Market in Svosve Communal Lands, Zimbabwe." Africa 80, no. 1 (February 2010): 14–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0001972009001247.

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This article examines the status of land tenure in Zimbabwe following the ‘Fast Track’ land reforms of 2000–3. It finds that post-reform land tenure remains strongly dualist, with land sales and rental prohibited on the land (about two thirds of the total) classified as ‘A1’ resettlement or ‘communal areas’, while tradeable leases apply to much of the remainder, classified as ‘commercial land’. The article draws on fieldwork in Svosve Communal Area and on previous studies on land transactions in Zimbabwe to argue that land sales and rental transactions are an enduring feature of land use in Zimbabwe's ‘communal areas’. Moreover, the article argues that, despite government prohibition, there is evidence that such transactions are being fuelled by increasing demand for land arising from the collapse in the non-farm economy in Zimbabwe. The article argues that while the logic of informal (or ‘vernacular’) land sales and rental is widely recognized by land users in communal and resettlement areas, government prohibition, in favour of asserting land allocation rights of customary authorities, is driven by considerations of political control of the rural vote.

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Mutambara, Solomon, Michael B. K. Darkoh, and Julius R. Atlhopheng. "LAND TENURE SECURITY ISSUES IN SMALLHOLDER IRRIGATION SCHEMES IN ZIMBABWE." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 9, no. 3 (December 30, 2015): 1871–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v9i3.4921.

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The main objective of the study was to examine land tenure practices and their implications on the sustainability of the smallholder irrigation schemes in Zimbabwe. The different phases of land reforms in Zimbabwe have not been focusing on community irrigation schemes and the evolution of land rights. The farmersâ€™ ownership feelings were stronger for their dryland plots than they were on irrigation plots as the irrigation schemes were regarded as an off-farm employment while their dry-land plots were regarded as transgenerational family assets. Farmers had different perceptions about the security of tenure, inheritability, subletting and disposal of the irrigation plots. The differences in tenure practices and perception attested to the absence of land policy for community irrigation schemes. The existence of informal land markets in some schemes and their absence in others affirmed the Market for the Poor (M4P) assertion that where formal rules and their application are weak, the business environment is governed by the informal rules and the absence of both formalrules and informal institutions make the environment for markets dysfunctional.Â Some farmers felt theirrigation plots should remain state owned to allow smooth running of schemes and management of farmersâ€™ group dynamics of the irrigation. Some, however, felt the irrigation plots should be privately owned in order to allow farmers to invest and to access financial and input markets.Â

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Chigbu, Uchendu, Gaynor Paradza, and Walter Dachaga. "Differentiations in Women’s Land Tenure Experiences: Implications for Women’s Land Access and Tenure Security in Sub-Saharan Africa." Land 8, no. 2 (January 22, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8020022.

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Most literature on land tenure in sub-Saharan Africa has presented women as a homogenous group. This study uses evidence from Ghana, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe to show that women have differentiated problems, needs, and statuses in their quest for land access and tenure security. It illustrates how women-to-women differences influence women’s access to land. By investigating differentiations in women’s land tenure in the three countries, the study identifies multiple and somewhat interlinked ways in which differentiations exist in women’s land tenure. It achieved some key outcomes. The findings include a matrix of factors that differentiate women’s land access and tenure security, a visualisation of women’s differentiation in land tenure showing possible modes for actions, and an adaptable approach for operationalising women’s differentiation in land tenure policies (among others). Using these as evidence, it argues that women are a highly differentiated gender group, and the only thing homogenous in the three cases is that women are heterogeneous in their land tenure experiences. It concludes that an emphasis on how the differentiation among women allows for significant insight to emerge into how they experience tenure access differently is essential in improving the tenure security of women. Finally, it makes policy recommendations.

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Naldi, Gino J. "Land Reform in Zimbabwe: Some Legal Aspects." Journal of Modern African Studies 31, no. 4 (December 1993): 585–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00012258.

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The Government of Zimbabwe has only recently begun to implement the commitment of the liberation movements to give land to poor ‘communal’ farmers, especially those dispossessed by the whiteminority régime after Rhodesia's unilateral declaration of independence in 1965. It needs to be recalled that by virtue of the Land Tenure Act of 1969 almost half of the country's agricultural land was allocated to Europeans, who had ‘greater access to the regions considered suited to intensive crop and livestock production’, and that ‘On average, each of the nearly 7,000 European farms was roughly 100 times the size of any of the 700,000 or so holdings in the Tribal Trust Lands’. The fact that much of this land was under-utilised only served to increase African resentment.

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9

Tshuma, Lawrence. "Colonial and Post-Colonial Reconstructions of Customary Land Tenure in Zimbabwe." Social & Legal Studies 7, no. 1 (March 1998): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096466399800700105.

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10

O'Flaherty, R. Michael. "The Tragedy of Property: Ecology and Land Tenure in Southeastern Zimbabwe." Human Organization 62, no. 2 (June 2003): 178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.62.2.7lekypadvwymwx34.

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Chimhowu, Admos, and Philip Woodhouse. "Communal Tenure and Rural Poverty: Land Transactions in Svosve Communal Area, Zimbabwe." Development and Change 39, no. 2 (March 2008): 285–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2008.00480.x.

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Ingwani, Emaculate. "Struggles of Women to Access and Hold Landuse and Other Land Property Rights under the Customary Tenure System in Peri-Urban Communal Areas of Zimbabwe." Land 10, no. 6 (June 18, 2021): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10060649.

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The struggles of women to access and hold landuse and other land property rights under the customary tenure system in peri-urban communal areas is increasingly becoming a cause for concern. These debates are revealed using a case study of a peri-urban communal area called Domboshava in Zimbabwe. Women living in this peri-urban communal area struggle to access and hold landuse and other land property rights registered under their names. The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of the struggles faced by women to access and hold landuse and other land property rights in Domboshava. This paper is a product of a literature review on land property rights, land tenure systems, and peri-urbanity more generally. Field data was intermittently collected in the peri-urban communal area of Domboshava over a period of four years from 2011 to 2014, as well as through post-research social visits stretching to 2019. Thirty-two women were conveniently selected and interviewed. I applied Anthony Giddens’ structure-agency theory as a framework of analysis. The struggles to access and hold landuse and other land property rights by women are rooted in land transactions, social systems including the customary land tenure, patriarchy, as well as the peri-urban context of Domboshava. Responsible authorities on land administration in communal areas need to acknowledge the existence of new and invented ways of accessing and holding landuse and land property rights under the customary land tenure system, as well as to find ways to mobilize more opportunities for women on the peri-urban land market.

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Carson, Amy Ochoa. "East Timor's Land Tenure Problems: A Consideration of Land Reform Programs in South Africa and Zimbabwe." Indiana International & Comparative Law Review 17, no. 2 (January 2, 2007): 395–430. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/17554.

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Goodwin, David. "WHATEVER IT TAKES: TENURE SECURITY STRATEGIES OF COMMUNAL LAND RIGHT HOLDERS IN ZIMBABWE." Africa 83, no. 1 (January 22, 2013): 164–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972012000769.

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ABSTRACTThis article looks at ways in which communal area right holders in Zimbabwe attempt to add security to their land rights when faced with altered circumstances. Apart from quasi-legal means such as ad hoc diagrams, which were beyond the scope of this article, two principal strands were found by which land right security is bolstered. First, investment in interpersonal ties (both with the living and the dead), and second, ceremonies for forging and maintaining links with land. For both, it was found that traditional practices have been bent and adapted pragmatically to suit contemporary contexts. Increased mobility and remoteness from rural homes have also given rise to a degree of abstraction (for example, the symbolic use in urban settings of soil or grain brought from communal areas). Where both custom and formal law coexist pluralistically, custom has proved the more flexible of the two and, unless demonstrably better security is offered, it seems likely that custom will continue to be invoked and modified to provide security for new circumstances.

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15

Basure, Hardlife S., Josiah Taru, and Gumisai T. Mutangi. "Livelihoods fragility and land tenure in the post-fast track land reform era in Upper Guruve, Zimbabwe." Anthropology Southern Africa 42, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23323256.2019.1639524.

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16

Dao, Minh Quang. "History of land tenure in pre-1954 Vietnam." Journal of Contemporary Asia 23, no. 1 (January 1993): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00472339380000061.

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Moor, G. M., and W. L. Nieuwoudt. "THE INTERACTION BETWEEN LAND TENURE SECURITY AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN ZIMBABWE / DIE INTERAKSIE TUSSIN GRONBESITSEKERHEID EN LANDBOUPRODUKTIWITEIT IN ZIMBABWE." Agrekon 34, no. 4 (December 1995): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03031853.1995.9524826.

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18

Sithole, Wonesai, and Jan K. Coetzee. "Food aid for internally displaced persons in Manicaland, Zimbabwe." Africanus: Journal of Development Studies 43, no. 1 (November 14, 2018): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0304-615x/5067.

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Internally displaced persons (IDPs) are among the most neglected and vulnerable populations in the world. There are few laws that protect them as the government is the instigator of the displacement and no government can be both perpetrator and protector. Food aid has become one of the major protective interventions aimed to enhance stability in settings of displacement. However, a major question is how food aid affects IDPs. The study on which this article is based, was designed to investigate and evaluate how food aid affects the lives of displaced persons. The focus is on understanding the effects of food aid on households’ food security, migration trends and asset loss during periods of displacement. The study employs the sustainable livelihood framework in analyzing the role of food aid on IDPs. It focuses on the relationship between food aid and livelihoods assets, and indicates how the transforming structures can be linked to food aid interventions. The findings show that food aid plays a significant role in cushioning displaced households provided that it is integrated with other sustainable livelihood interventions (such as those that promote the value of household assets and land holding). Due to denied access to land, IDPs are dependent on food aid for their household food security. Increased school attendance is noted because of food aid to IDPs but the absence of security of tenure hinders community driven effective alternatives to a food aid programme. If security of tenure is not addressed IDPs in Manicaland will find it difficult to deal with their food insecurity.

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19

Langer, Erick D. "Mission Land Tenure on the Southeastern Bolivian Frontier, 1845-1949." Americas 50, no. 3 (January 1994): 399–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1007167.

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The land tenure arrangements of missions in Latin America have received insufficient attention. Given the vast extent of land the missions controlled on the Latin American frontier and the effect that land tenure arrangements had on the functioning of the missions, this is a serious oversight. Rather than focus on land tenure, most studies of the missions have examined primarily issues such as evangelization, the labor regime, and demographic patterns. While these topics are also important, indeed vital, to an understanding of missions, an analysis of land tenure arrangements is a useful way for understanding the economic and even the political dimensions of mission systems. For example, the control that the missionaries imposed on their charges should have been reflected in a majority of the land controlled directly by the missionaries rather than holdings controlled by individual Indian families. In this sense, the land tenure system reflected the missionary regime in important ways and helps test hypotheses about economic resources as well as power within this controversial institution. In addition, the changes in ownership and use of land became a key ingredient in determining the survival of indigenous groups once the government secularized the missions.

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Deeds, Susan M. "Land Tenure Patterns in Northern New Spain." Americas 41, no. 4 (April 1985): 446–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1007351.

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The evolution of the historical literature on land tenure in northern New Spain has closely paralleled general historiographical trends of New Spain's far northern frontier. For many years, “borderlands” history focused almost exclusively upon the study of those institutions which have been stereotyped as peculiar to the frontier, the mission and the presidio; upon political and administrative history; or upon biographies of notable figures. These studies laid important foundations, but, in general, borderlands historians were slow to adopt the social science methodologies of the new social and economic history which became popular in the 1960s in most fields of historical inquiry. Well after both its Anglo and Hispanic progenitors began to be studied from a perspective which emphasized social and economic structures and relationships, did the geographical area which corresponds to the Provincias Internas (all of today's border states plus Sinaloa, Durango and Baja California) begin to receive similar attention. Thus, our understanding of the social and economic history of the region is still rudimentary, and this is nowhere more evident than in the area of landholding patterns and agrarian development.

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Onslow, Sue. "Zimbabwe: Land and the Lancaster House Settlement." Britain and the World 2, no. 1 (September 2009): 40–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/brw.2009.0104.

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Frank, Simon Abdi K., Agustinus Wenehen, and Usman Idris. "The land tenure and the land use among supiori in Papua." ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia 5, no. 1 (May 31, 2020): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31947/etnosia.v5i1.9924.

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This article aims to explore various forms of land tenure and land use in Sorendiweri Village in East Supiori District, Papua Province. This research uses descriptive research using ethnography. The technique of determining informants is done purposively by determining key informants first that guides researchers to search for further informants. Data collection techniques used are in-depth interviews and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). Data analysis was carried out based on the factual culture of the community. The results show that the pattern of land tenure in the local population is communal at the clan level. Then, according to the local population, psychomo-logical and historicize view of customary land is very dominant because it states that customary land tenure in popular clans such as Sauyas that is more in line with history and relationships between clans. In addition, land tenure conflicts often occur because of the spread of land clearing in customary rights for infrastructure development and etc.

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MSIMANGA, A. "Breeding biology of Southern Ground Hornbill Bucorvus leadbeateri in Zimbabwe: impacts of human activities." Bird Conservation International 14, S1 (December 2004): S63—S68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270905000237.

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This paper summarizes current knowledge and outlines future work on the breeding biology of Southern Ground Hornbill Bucorvus leadbeateri in Zimbabwe. All available records since 1900 were analysed, including casual reports by members of BirdLife Zimbabwe and published records. Estimates were made for the start and end of the breeding season, group sizes, clutch size and productivity levels, together with an assessment of preferred habitats and nest-tree species. There is a need for intensive fieldwork to determine aspects of breeding biology such as incubation and nestling periods. Particularly important for sound management and conservation strategies is relative breeding success in different land-tenure systems. The author has started work in a communal area 40 km south of Bulawayo city; land-use systems such as new resettlement areas, commercial farms and protected areas remain to be studied.

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Nyambara, Pius Shungudzapera. "The Politics of Land Acquisition and Struggles Over Land in the ‘Communal’ Areas of Zimbabwe: The Gokwe Region in the 1980s and 1990s." Africa 70, no. 1 (February 2000): 253–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2001.71.2.286.

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AbstractHistorical writing on agrarian differentiation in rural Zimbabwe has moved away from conceptualising the peasantry as a homogeneous class, and has therefore enhanced our understanding of the process of rural differentiation. While such writing recognises patterns of differential land holding, however, it has not shown clearly how the differences developed over time. There has been a tendency to argue that land distribution in the ‘communal’ areas is less skewed than other variables and therefore acts as a brake on the process of accumulation and differentiation among the peasantry. The article challenges this basic assumption, arguing that ‘communal’ tenure actually facilitated the development of significant disparities in landholding and accumulation by rural households.

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Nepal, Harisharan, and Anil Marasini. "Status of Land Tenure Security in Nepal." Journal on Geoinformatics, Nepal 17, no. 1 (June 4, 2018): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njg.v17i1.23005.

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Land is a fundamental natural resource for living, an economic asset for production, legal entity with multiple rights over it and above all, a societal factor for self-actualization. So, ownership of land has multi-faceted understanding around the world. For the developing country like Nepal having diverse societal arrangements, land tenure system plays important role in economic, social and political structure. As Nepal is in the process of implementing federalization, assessment of land tenure security shall be one of the instruments for developing new land related policies and assessing the effect of new policies afterward. The objective of this paper is to perform SWOT analysis on the status of land tenure security in Nepal by reviewing the history of the tenure system and current tenure system, studying country reports and research papers and analyzing policies and institutions. The study shows that despite some initiatives by government, NGOs, bilateral agencies and media to improve land tenure security, land tenure insecurity prevails in all areas of the country even in registered lands. It is found that stable rganization, registration of most of the built-up and cultivated land, advocacy to protect the right of landless has strengthened the land tenure security. However, the tenure rights of socially and economically disadvantaged people and displaced people from disasters have not been properly addressed and those people are at high risk of eviction from the place they are living. The study recommends that land tenure insecurity arising from political, legislative and organizational behavior should be managed by appropriate interventions and policy reforms. As most of the analyses of land tenure security in Nepal have been performed in a descriptive way, this study explicitly investigates the issue through SWOT analysis.

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26

Hodkinson, Stephen. "Land tenure and Inheritance in Classical Sparta." Classical Quarterly 36, no. 2 (December 1986): 378–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800012143.

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‘The problem of Spartan land tenure is one of the most vexed in the obscure field of Spartan institutions.’ Walbank's remark is as true today as when it was written nearly thirty years ago. Controversy surrounding this subject has a long tradition going back to the nineteenth century and the last thirty years have witnessed no diminution in the level of disagreement, as is demonstrated by a comparison of the differing approaches in the recent works by Cartledge, Cozzoli, David and Marasco. Although another study runs the risk of merely adding one more hypothesis to the general state of uncertainty, a fundamental reassessment of the question is required, not least because of its significance for the historian's interpretation of the overall character of Spartiate society. Through the introduction of a new perspective it may be possible to advance our understanding of the subject.In Section I of this essay I shall attempt to review several influential scholarly theories and to examine their feasibility and the reliability of the evidence upon which they are based. Section II will begin to construct a more plausible alternative account which is based upon more trustworthy evidence. Finally, Section III will discuss a comparatively underemphasised aspect of the topic, the property rights of Spartiate women, which suggests a rather different interpretation of the character of land tenure and inheritance from those more usually adopted.

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Spierenburg, Marja. "Spirits and Land Reforms: Conflicts About Land in Dande, Northern Zimbabwe." Journal of Religion in Africa 35, no. 2 (2005): 197–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570066054024703.

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AbstractDespite its present support for the invasion of (mainly white-owned) commercial farms and emphasis on 'fast-track resettlement', most interventions by the post-Independence government of Zimbabwe in agriculture aimed to confine African farmers to the Communal Areas. In Dande, northern Zimbabwe, a land reform programme was introduced in 1987 that sought to 'rationalise' local land use practices and render them more efficient. Such reforms were deemed necessary to reduce the pressure on commercial farms. This article describes how the reforms caused Mhondoro mediums in Dande to challenge the authority of the state over land, thereby referring to the role they and their spirits played in the struggle for Independence. Pressure on the mediums to revoke their criticism resulted in a complex process in which adherents challenged the reputation of mediums who were not steadfast in their resistance to the reforms.

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Burke, Edmund, and Tarif Khalidi. "Land Tenure and Social Transformation in the Middle East." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 19, no. 1 (1988): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/204266.

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Fourie, Clarissa. "Transforming History: Land Tenure and Cadastral Reform in South Africa." Australian Surveyor 41, no. 4 (December 1996): 262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00050339.1996.10558642.

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Muyengwa, Shylock, and Brian Child. "Re-assertion of Elite Control in Masoka’s Wildlife Program, Zimbabwe." Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 6 (November 29, 2017): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v10n6p28.

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Local level governance is crucial in delivering benefits of conservation to communities. This paper provides a historical review of the evolution of governance and the emergence of elite capture in Masoka’s wildlife program in Zimbabwe between 2009 and 2011. Fifty-four key informant interviews and reviews of numerous secondary data sources analyzed in order to understand accountability mechanisms, collective decision-making, and the allocation of wildlife revenues into various local initiatives. The local narratives and secondary data suggested that the governance had flipped from one of impersonal and democratic rule to one based on personal rule of traditional leaders. These outcomes were in part a result of the shift in meso level structures that previously supported the program structures at community level, the shifting national politics that led to increased sense of enfranchisement and impunity among traditional leaders, and non-merit based system of appointing committee members. The results suggest that locally elected committees when left at the peril of strong and unchecked powers of traditional leaders they are bound to collapse. Second, the findings also indicate that in the absence of weak land tenure rights, locals have no “teeth” to challenge tradition-based authorities in order to demand for accountable governance. We conclude that given such condition of weak tenure and access to resource rights, local democratic institutions do not emerge naturally even if most people want them and if not protected from outside, they are bound to fail and superseded by personalized ones.

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Lujan, Roy, Felix D. Almaraz, Manuel G. Gonzales, and Bertina Richter. "The San Antonio Missions and Their System of Land Tenure." Western Historical Quarterly 21, no. 2 (May 1990): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/969867.

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Kessell, John L., and Felix D. Almaraz. "The San Antonio Missions and Their System of Land Tenure." Journal of Southern History 56, no. 3 (August 1990): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2210291.

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Tatsvarei, Simbarashe, Abbyssinia Mushunje, Saul Ngarava, and Clifton Makate. "Determinants of Informal Land Renting Decisions by A1 and A2 Farmers in Mashonaland East Province of Zimbabwe." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 6(J) (December 22, 2018): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i6(j).2595.

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Land rental markets are critical in developing economies as they contribute to efficiency, equity and welfare gains to farmers involved under conditions of low transaction costs. Despite lack of policy consistency in Zimbabwe, A1 and A2 farmers have been involved in these land rental markets, albeit in an informal manner. This study sought to establish the determinants of farmersâ€™ decision to take part in these informal markets. A survey was carried out in Mashonaland East province with a sample of 339 households selected through multi-stage sampling methods and data analysed using a bi-variate Tobit model. Results showed that combined together, the proportion of farmers involved in informal land rental markets are as much as those not participating. Determinants of renting-in were identified as gender, household income, permanent labour, cultivated area, tenure certainty, irrigable land size and crop diversification. Factors affecting renting-out decisions were age, permanent labour, irrigable land size and crop diversification and these results are not in any way different from findings from previous studies. The conclusion was that household characteristics and land endowments factors were strong in decisions to rent-in land while land endowments factors were dominant in decisions to rent-out land. Any future considerations for formalising land rental markets should consider these important factors having a bearing on land rental decisions.

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Tatsvarei, Simbarashe, Abbyssinia Mushunje, Saul Ngarava, and Clifton Makate. "Determinants of Informal Land Renting Decisions by A1 and A2 Farmers in Mashonaland East Province of Zimbabwe." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 6 (December 22, 2018): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i6.2595.

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Land rental markets are critical in developing economies as they contribute to efficiency, equity and welfare gains to farmers involved under conditions of low transaction costs. Despite lack of policy consistency in Zimbabwe, A1 and A2 farmers have been involved in these land rental markets, albeit in an informal manner. This study sought to establish the determinants of farmers’ decision to take part in these informal markets. A survey was carried out in Mashonaland East province with a sample of 339 households selected through multi-stage sampling methods and data analysed using a bi-variate Tobit model. Results showed that combined together, the proportion of farmers involved in informal land rental markets are as much as those not participating. Determinants of renting-in were identified as gender, household income, permanent labour, cultivated area, tenure certainty, irrigable land size and crop diversification. Factors affecting renting-out decisions were age, permanent labour, irrigable land size and crop diversification and these results are not in any way different from findings from previous studies. The conclusion was that household characteristics and land endowments factors were strong in decisions to rent-in land while land endowments factors were dominant in decisions to rent-out land. Any future considerations for formalising land rental markets should consider these important factors having a bearing on land rental decisions.

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35

Chipenda, Clement. "Land reform, citizenship and aliens in Zimbabwe." Africa Review 13, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 12–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09744053.2020.1731670.

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Mazwi, Freedom, Rangarirai G. Muchetu, and George T. Mudimu. "Revisiting the Trimodal Agrarian Structure as a Social Differentiation Analysis Framework in Zimbabwe: A Study." Agrarian South: Journal of Political Economy: A triannual Journal of Agrarian South Network and CARES 10, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 318–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277976020973837.

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The study of social differentiation in the countryside is often dominated by the deployment of classical analytical frameworks. This article quantitatively explores social differentiation at the sub-national level (Chiredzi and Zvimba districts in Zimbabwe), through the use of the trimodal agrarian structure (TMAS) framework. It addresses the question of whether variables outlined in TMAS (land sizes, labor, and credit) stimulate social differentiation patterns across various settlement models, which emerged after Zimbabwe’s land reform program. If so, what groups or clusters emerge and what are the differentials at the local level? Through statistical factor and cluster analysis, this article reveals that the TMAS variables do explain social differentiation even at the sub-national level. Land sizes, access to capital, and ownership of cattle are key factors in explaining this differentiation. Beyond the variables presented by the TMAS, we argue that agroecological zones and crop type are also instrumental in shaping social differentiation. From the evidence presented, it is difficult to visualize inter-cluster mobility because of various reasons, which include state-based tenure.

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Cook, Michael, and Tarif Khalidi. "Land Tenure and Social Transformation in the Middle East." Economic History Review 39, no. 3 (August 1986): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2596376.

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Thebe, Vusilizwe. "‘New realities’ and tenure reforms: land-use in worker-peasant communities of south-western Zimbabwe (1940s–2006)." Journal of Contemporary African Studies 30, no. 1 (January 2012): 99–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2011.601043.

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SIBANDA, ANDREW, SABINE HOMANN-KEE TUI, ANDRÉ VAN ROOYEN, JOHN DIMES, DANIEL NKOMBONI, and GIVIOUS SISITO. "UNDERSTANDING COMMUNITY PERCEPTIONS OF LAND USE CHANGES IN THE RANGELANDS, ZIMBABWE." Experimental Agriculture 47, S1 (January 2011): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447971000092x.

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SUMMARYThe objective of this study was to investigate the user communities' understanding and interpretation of changes in rangeland use and productivity in the communal lands of Zimbabwe. While external knowledge has been instrumental in defining the drivers and effects of ecological changes hitherto, the role of local knowledge is becoming increasingly important in explaining factors that inform user community perceptions and guide their decisions on the use of rangeland resources. Data on community perceptions were collected in four villages, using Participatory Rural Appraisals in each village and household surveys with a total of 104 households. This study showed that user communities in Nkayi district differentiate rangelands among seven categories of livestock feed resources and how these have changed over time. Communities viewed rangelands not as one continuous, designated and specialized land parcel, but differentiated the land by location, productivity, management and uses in different times of the year. Although land use changes affecting these livestock feed resources were considered to be widespread and multi-directional (both negative and positive) they did not cause widespread degradation. Rangelands converted to croplands were not completely lost, but became important dual purpose land parcels fulfilling both household food security needs and dry season livestock feed requirements. The importance of croplands as a feed resource is reflected in the emergence of new institutions governing their use for livestock grazing and to guarantee security of tenure. On the other hand institutions governing the use of common property rangelands decreased or weakened in their application. The study concludes that while this situation presents ecological challenges for the rangelands, it offers opportunities to find innovative ways of utilizing croplands as the new frontier in the provision of dry season feed resources to smallholder farmers in highly variable environments. Implications for livestock water productivity need to be investigated and water saving technologies should be promoted in the land use intensification processes.

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Sinthumule, Ndidzulafhi Innocent. "Multiple-land use practices in transfrontier conservation areas: the case of Greater Mapungubwe straddling parts of Botswana, South Africa and Zimbabwe." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 34, no. 34 (December 1, 2016): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bog-2016-0038.

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Abstract Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) have recently emerged as the 21st century approach to managing protected areas in southern Africa. Unlike national parks and other protected areas that place emphasis only on the protection of plant and animal species within their borders, transfrontier conservation areas promote conservation beyond the borders of protected areas. Consequently, this mega-conservation initiative encourage multiple land-use practices with the purpose of improving rural livelihoods whilst promoting biodiversity conservation. Thus, land parcels under different forms of tenure are brought together into a common nature conservation project. This study argues that the integration of various land-use practices within one area benefits conservation goals at the expense of local communities and irrigation farmers. To substantiate this argument, the study draws on fieldwork material collected in the Greater Mapungubwe Transfrontier Conservation Area spanning parts of Botswana, South Africa and Zimbabwe. The study concludes that multiple-land use practices in transfrontier conservation areas is only promoted by wildlife managers to gain access to extra land.

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Brixiová, Zuzana, Thierry Kangoye, and Fiona Tregenna. "Enterprising Women in Southern Africa: When Does Land Ownership Matter?" Journal of Family and Economic Issues 41, no. 1 (February 21, 2020): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10834-020-09663-2.

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AbstractLimited access to finance remains one of the major barriers for women entrepreneurs in Africa. This paper presents a model of start-ups in which firms’ sales and profits depend on their productivity and access to credit. However, due to the lack of collateral assets such as land, female entrepreneurs have more constrained access to credit than do men. Testing the model on data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys in Eswatini, Lesotho, and Zimbabwe, we find land ownership to be important for female entrepreneurial performance in terms of sales levels. These results suggest that the small Southern African economies would benefit from removing obstacles to female land tenure and enabling financial institutions to lend against movable collateral. Although land ownership is linked with higher sales levels, it is less critical for sales growth and innovation where access to short term loans for working capital seems to be key.

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Kamel, Lorenzo. "Whose Land? Land Tenure in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Palestine." British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 41, no. 2 (April 2014): 230–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2013.878518.

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Wooster, Ralph A., and Felix D. Almaraz. "The San Antonio Missions and Their System of Land Tenure." American Historical Review 95, no. 4 (October 1990): 1326. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2163736.

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Boone, Catherine, Arsene Brice Bado, Aristide Mah Dion, and Zibo Irigo. "Push, pull and push-back to land certification: regional dynamics in pilot certification projects in Côte d'Ivoire." Journal of Modern African Studies 59, no. 3 (August 26, 2021): 247–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x21000124.

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AbstractSince 2000, many African countries have adopted land tenure reforms that aim at comprehensive land registration (or certification) and titling. Much work in political science and in the advocacy literature identifies recipients of land certificates or titles as ‘programme beneficiaries’, and political scientists have modelled titling programmes as a form of distributive politics. In practice, however, rural land registration programmes are often divisive and difficult to implement. This paper tackles the apparent puzzle of friction around rural land certification. We study Côte d'Ivoire's rocky history of land certification from 2004 to 2017 to identify political economy variables that may give rise to heterogeneous and even conflicting preferences around certification. Regional inequalities, social inequalities, and regional variation in pre-existing land tenure institutions are factors that help account for friction or even resistance around land titling, and thus the difficult politics that may arise around land tenure reform. Land certification is not a public good or a private good for everyone.

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Puente Luna, José Carlos de la. "Of Widows, Furrows, and Seed: New Perspectives on Land and the Colonial Andean Commons." Hispanic American Historical Review 101, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 375–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-9051794.

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Abstract Although much has been written about Indigenous land tenure in the Americas, colonial Andeanists still debate whether pre-Hispanic agropastoral communities held all pasture and farmland in common and, therefore, whether novel forms of private or individual control over land and its products were introduced only in the aftermath of the Iberian conquest. The alleged particularities of the Andean case vis-à-vis other regions for which historians accept a plurality of pre-Hispanic and postconquest land regimes are based on a twin set of oppositions: individual versus collective, and ownership versus use. In this essay, I reassess communal land tenure patterns through the lens of Native colonial customs of commoning and uncommoning. I contend that individual and communal aspects of land within Native collectives were not opposite ends of a spectrum but instead coterminous ways of acting on—that is, exerting power and control over—the same resources.

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Mutandwa, Edward, Benjamine Hanyani-Mlambo, and Joseph Manzvera. "Exploring the link between climate change perceptions and adaptation strategies among smallholder farmers in Chimanimani district of Zimbabwe." International Journal of Social Economics 46, no. 7 (July 8, 2019): 850–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-12-2018-0654.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish the association between smallholder farmer perceptions toward climate change and adaptation strategies at the household level in Chimanimani District of Zimbabwe. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 284 households mainly using a structured questionnaire. The Heckman probit selection model was used to first identify the underlying socio-economic factors that affect households’ recognition of climate change in the past 10 years, and the second model the factors that influence adaptation to the climate change phenomenon. Findings The majority of farmers (85 percent) perceived that climate change, characterized by rising temperatures and variability in rainfall patterns, has been occurring in the past ten years. As a response, farmers adapted using methods such as manuring and staggering of planting dates. Indigenous knowledge systems and non-governmental organizations increased the likelihood farmers’ recognition of climate change (p<0.05). The probability of adopting multiple adaptation strategies was influenced by household head’s education level, land tenure and access to public extension services. Practical implications Integrative extension methods that take into account socio-cultural values could be helpful in building resilience as farmers are better able to understand the climate change construct. There is a need to guarantee land tenure rights in resettlement areas to stimulate investment on farms. Originality/value This study showed that there is a link between farmers’ prior knowledge of climate change and the number of adaptive investments. The analysis proposed an educational and extension approach that is embedded in the socio-cultural and traditional setting of farmers.

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Lewis, David Rich, and Florence Connolly Shipek. "Pushed into the Rocks: Southern California Indian Land Tenure, 1769-1986." Ethnohistory 36, no. 4 (1989): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/482663.

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Maletta, Hector. "Arable Land Tenure in Afghanistan in the Early Post-Taliban Era." African and Asian Studies 6, no. 1-2 (2007): 13–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156921007x180578.

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Adler, Michael A. "Land Tenure, Archaeology, and the Ancestral Pueblo Social Landscape." Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 15, no. 4 (December 1996): 337–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jaar.1996.0013.

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Wright, Robert E. "Ground Rents against Populist Historiography: Mid-Atlantic Land Tenure, 1750–1820." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 29, no. 1 (July 1998): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002219598551625.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Land tenure – Zimbabwe – History'

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