Relevant bibliographies by topics / Land use Sugar growing

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Land use Sugar growing'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Land use Sugar growing"

1

Basler, A., M. Dippold, M. Helfrich, and J. Dyckmans. "Microbial carbon recycling – an underestimated process controlling soil carbon dynamics – Part 1: A long-term laboratory incubation experiment." Biogeosciences 12, no. 20 (October 19, 2015): 5929–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5929-2015.

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Abstract. Independent of its chemical structure carbon (C) persists in soil for several decades, controlled by stabilization and recycling. To disentangle the importance of the two factors on the turnover dynamics of soil sugars, an important compound of soil organic matter (SOM), a 3-year incubation experiment was conducted on a silty loam soil under different types of land use (arable land, grassland and forest) by adding 13C-labelled glucose. The compound-specific isotope analysis of soil sugars was used to examine the dynamics of different sugars during incubation. Sugar dynamics were dominated by a pool of high mean residence times (MRT) indicating that recycling plays an important role for sugars. However, this was not substantially affected by soil C content. Six months after label addition the contribution of the label was much higher for microbial biomass than for CO2 production for all examined land use types, corroborating that substrate recycling was very effective within the microbial biomass. Two different patterns of tracer dynamics could be identified for different sugars: while fucose and mannose showed highest label contribution at the beginning of the incubation with a subsequent slow decline, galactose and rhamnose were characterized by slow label incorporation with subsequently constant levels, which indicates that recycling is dominating the dynamics of these sugars. This may correspond to (a) different microbial growing strategies (r and K-strategist) or (b) location within or outside the cell membrane (lipopolysaccharides vs. exopolysaccharides) and thus be subject of different re-use within the microbial food web. Our results show how the microbial community recycles substrate very effectively and that high losses of substrate only occur during initial stages after substrate addition. This study indicates that recycling is one of the major processes explaining the high MRT observed for many SOM fractions and thus is crucial for understanding the global soil C cycle.
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Fedorchuk, M., O. Kovalenko, V. Havrish, A. Chernova, and V. Hruban. "Energy evaluation of sorghum growing technology in the South of Mykolaiv region." UKRAINIAN BLACK SEA REGION AGRARIAN SCIENCE 108, no. 4 (2020): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/2313-092x/2020-4(108)-5.

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In the conditions of a high drought of climate of the Nikolaev area and fluctuations of temperature on years the important direction of increase of productivity of arable land is cultivation of drought-resistant cultures and improvement of the technological receptions directed on creation of highly productive agrocenoses. Sorghum is a crop that can withstand high temperatures and prolonged droughts: to consume one kg of dry matter, it consumes almost 1.5 times less water than corn and 2 times less than cereals. Its value is also due to the versatility of use, the ability to give stable yields, the possibility of growing on unproductive soils. This article evaluates the energy efficiency of growing sugar and grain sorghum in the context of climate change. Keywords: energy equivalent, energy efficiency coefficient, energy costs, grain sorghum, sweet sorghum, biofuel, energy efficiency.
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Kukharev, Oleg, Ivan Semov, and Ivan Starostin. "TO THE QUESTION OF TECHNIC-TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF SELECTION AND SEEDING OF SUGAR BEET." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 4 (April 12, 2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2073-0462-2020-25-30.

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Sugar beets are the only source of sugar in Russia. The use of new highly productive varieties and hybrids of sugar beet with high sugar content can significantly increase sugar production. To ensure the country’s food security in sugar production and reduce import dependence on sugar beet seeds, the strategic task is to resume domestic selection of sugar beets and provide it with beet seeds for the country. One of the factors restraining the development of domestic selection and seed production is the physically and morally obsolete technical base of selection and seed-growing institutes, centers and farms. In the selection of sugar beets, non-transplanting, planting and transplanting (plug-in) methods for producing sugar beet seeds are used. Of great practical interest is the introduction of the plug-in method for producing seeds, in which thickened sugar beet crops are created, due to which the optimal specific yield of uterine root crops is ensured, the area of arable land is most effectively used and the cost of seed production is reduced. Moreover, in the struggle for light, moisture and nutrients, the most powerful biotypes survive. The analysis of machines for selection and seed production shows that commercially available machines in our country do not meet the requirements of the technology for producing sugar beet seeds using the plug-in method. It is necessary to create and implement specialized machines, such as bed-forming mills, seeders for creating a thickened sowing, machines for minting seed plants and removing pollinators. The lines used for sorting the plugs require additional manual selection of root crops and rejection of damaged, rotten or infected plugs. Machines for landing plugs require the use of monotonous manual labor. It is promising to conduct research in the direction of automating the processes of cleaning, sorting and planting of plugs, minting testes, and eliminating manual labor during these operations.
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Basler, A., M. Dippold, M. Helfrich, and J. Dyckmans. "Recycling vs. stabilisation of soil sugars – a long-term laboratory incubation experiment." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 11 (June 15, 2015): 8819–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-8819-2015.

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Abstract. Independent of its chemical structure carbon (C) persists in soil for several decades, controlled by stabilisation and recycling. To disentangle the importance of the two factors on the turnover dynamics of soil sugars, an important compound of soil organic matter (SOM), a three year incubation experiment was conducted on a silty loam soil under different types of land use (arable land, grassland and forest) by adding 13C-labeled glucose. The compound specific isotope analysis of soil sugars was used to examine the dynamics of different sugars during incubation. Sugar dynamics were dominated by a pool of high mean residence times (MRT) indicating that recycling plays an important role for sugars. However, this was not substantially affected by soil C content. Six months after label addition the contribution of the label was much higher for microbial biomass than for CO2 production for all examined soils, corroborating that substrate recycling was very effective within the microbial biomass. Two different patterns of tracer dynamics could be identified for different sugars: while fucose (fuc) and mannose (man) showed highest label contribution at the beginning of the incubation with a subsequent slow decline, galactose (gal) and rhamnose (rha) were characterised by slow label incorporation with subsequently constant levels, which indicates that recycling is dominating the dynamics of these sugars. This may correspond to (a) different microbial growing strategies (r and K-strategist) or (b) location within or outside the cell membrane (lipopolysaccharides vs. exopolysaccharides) and thus be subject of different re-use within the microbial food web. Our results show how the microbial community recycles substrate very effectively and that high losses of substrate only occur during initial stages after substrate addition.
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Curry-Machado, Jonathan, and Ulbe Bosma. "Two Islands, One Commodity: Cuba, Java, and the Global Sugar Trade (1790-1930)." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 86, no. 3-4 (January 1, 2012): 237–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002415.

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Sugar had become, by the eighteenth century, a global commodity. Originating in East Asia, plantations in the Americas fed the growing taste for its use in Europe, with its consumption increasingly popularised. The 1791 Revolution in Saint Domingue (Haiti) and the 1807 British abolition of the slave trade prompted shifts in the epicentres of sugar, the most important of these being arguably to Cuba and Java. These two fertile islands saw the burgeoning development of sugar-plantation systems with major inputs of foreign capital and forced labour. In the process the two islands each, respectively, became central to the very much truncated Spanish and Dutch colonial empires left after the Napoleonic wars and the Latin American wars of liberation; and by the mid-nineteenth century in the case of Cuba, and by the late nineteenth century in the case of Java, they had been catapulted to global sugar pre-eminence. There has been an abundance of study on the two islands each in their own right, but none systematically examines their parallel trajectories. Yet the question arises as to how sugar came to dominate the agriculture, industry and trade of these two islands; and how these two islands in particular, in two different colonial systems and parts of the world, should rise to sugar pre-eminence in the way they did and when they did. Are there connections and similarities between the two that help explain this phenomenon? This article analyses the conditions that led Java and Cuba to become the prime cane-sugar exporters of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Initiative for this came from the linkages between their dominant elites and the transnational, transimperial networks of trade and capital. This furthered the stimulation of technological and scientific innovation in both, enabled not only through the introduction of the latest advances in machinery and method, but also the immigration of technical skilled workers from Europe and North America. New sugar frontiers were opened that offered room for expansion at a time of rapidly growing demand for sugar in Europe; but for this to occur, radical changes needed to be made to the system of land ownership and use. At the same solutions were needed for how to mobilise and control sufficient labour without jeopardising the colonial order. This question eventually came to dominate the political system through which social control could be ensured – particularly, because Cuba and Java came to be ever more closely tied to global capital and trade; and both islands become dominated by sugar while at the same time coming to dominate global sugar production.
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Tudge, Sophie Jane, Andy Purvis, and Adriana De Palma. "The impacts of biofuel crops on local biodiversity: a global synthesis." Biodiversity and Conservation 30, no. 11 (July 24, 2021): 2863–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-021-02232-5.

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AbstractConcerns about the impacts of climate change have led to increased targets for biofuel in the global energy market. First-generation biofuel crops contain oil, sugar or starch and are usually also grown for food, whereas second-generation biofuel is derived from non-food sources, including lignocellulosic crops, fast-growing trees, crop residues and waste. Biofuel production drives land-use change, a major cause of biodiversity loss, but there is limited knowledge of how different biofuel crops affect local biodiversity. Therefore, a more detailed understanding could inform more environmentally-conscious decisions about where to grow which biofuel crops. We synthesised data from 116 sources where a potential biofuel crop was grown and estimated how two measures of local biodiversity, species richness and total abundance, responded to different crops. Local species richness and abundance were 37% and 49% lower at sites planted with first-generation biofuel crops than in sites with primary vegetation. Soybean, wheat, maize and oil palm had the worst effects; the worst affected regions were Asia and Central and South America; and plant species richness and vertebrate abundance were the worst affected biodiversity measures. Second-generation biofuels had smaller, but still significant, effects: species richness and abundance were 19% and 25%, respectively, lower in such sites than in primary vegetation. Our models suggest that land clearance to cultivate biofuel crops reduces local biodiversity. However, the yield of biofuel from different crops influences the biodiversity impacts per unit of energy generated, and the geographic and taxonomic variation in effects are also relevant for making sustainable land-use decisions.
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Zheng, Jianan, Shoudong Meng, Xinyu Zhang, Honglong Zhao, Xiaolong Ning, Fangcai Chen, Altyeb Ali Abaker Omer, Jan Ingenhoff, and Wen Liu. "Increasing the comprehensive economic benefits of farmland with Even-lighting Agrivoltaic Systems." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 15, 2021): e0254482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254482.

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Agrivoltaic combines crop planting and electricity generation on the same land, it is considered as an opportunity to resolve the competition for land use between food and energy production. In addition to growing crops, farmers can gain electricity with the installation of agrivoltaic systems on their farmland. They can use this clean energy for agricultural production or sell it for extra income. The Chinese government considers it an important strategy for “Targeted Poverty Alleviation”. However, current methods of agrivoltaic provide uneven and low irradiance for crops, which usually results in reduced yield and low quality. In this study, an improved agrivoltaic system with a grooved glass plate has been designed, manufactured, and investigated, called Even-lighting Agrivoltaic System (EAS). Two experiments were conducted to test the effectiveness of the improvement. We measured the crops’ light environment, the crop growth process, the crop yield and quality, the electricity generation, and calculated the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) as well as the comprehensive economic benefits on the farmland per hectare. Under the EAS, crops grew fast and the yield was similar or better than that under the natural state. By adding supplementary LED lamps into the EAS, the soluble sugar content of lettuce increased by 72.14% and the nitrate content of lettuce decreased by 21.51%. The average LER of the EAS for common vegetables was 1.64 as demonstrated in this work. Comprehensive economic benefits outperform the installation and maintenance costs, thus, the EAS can increase farmers’ income by an average of 5.14 times. The EAS provides new ideas and directions for the future development of agrivoltaic.
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Pacheco, Rui, and Carla Silva. "Global Warming Potential of Biomass-to-Ethanol: Review and Sensitivity Analysis through a Case Study." Energies 12, no. 13 (July 1, 2019): 2535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12132535.

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In Europe, ethanol is blended with gasoline fuel in 5 or 10% volume (E5 or E10). In USA the blend is 15% in volume (E15) and there are also pumps that provide E85. In Brazil, the conventional gasoline is E27 and there are pumps that offer E100, due to the growing market of flex fuel vehicles. Bioethanol production is usually by means of biological conversion of several biomass feedstocks (first generation sugar cane in Brazil, corn in the USA, sugar beet in Europe, or second-generation bagasse of sugarcane or lignocellulosic materials from crop wastes). The environmental sustainability of the bioethanol is usually measured by the global warming potential metric (GWP in CO2eq), 100 years time horizon. Reviewed values could range from 0.31 to 5.55 gCO2eq/LETOH. A biomass-to-ethanol industrial scenario was used to evaluate the impact of methodological choices on CO2eq: conventional versus dynamic Life Cycle Assessment; different impact assessment methods (TRACI, IPCC, ILCD, IMPACT, EDIP, and CML); electricity mix of the geographical region/country for different factory locations; differences in CO2eq factor for CH4 and N2O due to updates in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports (5 reports so far), different factory operational lifetimes and future improved productivities. Results showed that the electricity mix (factory location) and land use are the factors that have the greatest effect (up to 800% deviation). The use of the CO2 equivalency factors stated in different IPCC reports has the least influence (less than 3%). The consideration of the biogenic emissions (uptake at agricultural stage and release at the fermentation stage) and different allocation methods is also influential, and each can make values vary by 250%.
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Manshardt, Richard. "The Papaya in Hawai’i." HortScience 47, no. 10 (October 2012): 1399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.10.1399.

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Dioecious papayas were introduced shortly after Cook’s 1778 discovery of Hawai’i but were supplanted for commercial uses by the gynodioecious solo papaya brought from the Caribbean in 1911. Growth of a local papaya industry based on hermaphrodite plants was enabled by research allowing prediction of seedling sex segregation and by development of cultivars with high quality, symmetrical fruits free of stamen carpellody, and carpel abortion. The industry expanded into export markets after 1940 by providing an alternative use for land and expertise abandoned by declining sugar plantations, adopting a cultivar capable of tolerating long-distance shipping, developing postharvest technology to overcome fruit fly quarantine restrictions, capitalizing on a growing tourism industry for marketing and air freight logistics, and forming an organization to support industry growth. In recent years, the industry has withstood pest and disease challenges by adopting innovative technologies that have allowed high-quality solo papayas to continue to participate in an increasingly competitive export market.
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Středa, Tomáš, Vítězslav Vlček, and Jaroslav Rožnovský. "Carbon sequestration in the agroecosystem." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 56, no. 2 (2008): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200856020167.

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Reduction of amount CO2 is possible by carbon sequestration to the soil. Fixation potential of EU–15 agricultural land is c. 16–19 mil t C . year−1. Amount and composition of post–harvest residues is essential for carbon soil sequestration. Long–term yield series of the most planted crops (winter wheat – Triticum aestivum, spring barley – Hordeum vulgare, corn and silage maize – Zea mays, winter rape – Brassica napus, potatoes – Solanum tuberosum, sugar beet – Beta vulgaris, alfalfa – Medicago sativa, red clover – Trifolium pratense, white mustard – Sinapis alba and fiddleneck – Phacelia tanacetifolia) in various agroecological conditions and growing technologies were used for carbon balance calculation. The carbon balances were calculated for main crop rotations of maize, sugar beet, cereal and potato production regions (24 crop rotations). The calculations were realized for following planting varieties: traditional, commercial, ecological and with higher rate of winter rape. All chosen crop rotations (except seven) have positive carbon balance in the tillage system. Amount of fixed carbon might be increases about 30% by the use of no–tillage system. Least amount of carbon is fixed by potatoes, high amount by cereals, alfalfa and sugar beet. For a short time (months) the crops sequestration of carbon is relatively high (to 4.4 t . ha−1 . year−1) or to 5.7 t . ha−1 . year−1 for no–tillage system. From the long time viewpoint (tens of years) the data of humified carbon in arable soil (max 400 kg C . ha−1 . year−1) are important. Maximal carbon deficit of chosen crop rotation is 725 kg C . year−1.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Land use Sugar growing"

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Sintarti, Sri. "Alokasi sumberdaya untuk tanaman tebu dan tanaman alternatifnya, dalam kaitannya dengan harga provenue, rendeman dan bagi hasil studi kasus di wilayah Pg. Mojo Sragen /." Yogyakarta : Universitas Gadjah Mada, 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68427703.html.

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Stones, Roger David. "Land suitability studies for the growing of deciduous berries in the Limpopo Province of South Africa." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06262008-161148/.

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Chu, L.-M. "The value of pulverized refuse fines for plant growth and land reclamation." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233803.

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Burdt, Amanda Corrine. "Hydric soil properties as influenced by land-use in Southeast Virginia wet flats." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10132.

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The accuracy of the growing season used by regulators in hydric soil and wetland hydrology and the validity of ignoring land use in these definitions is questionable. This study compared measured air and soil temperature with various growing season dates and indicators, and determined the relationships between the hydrology, air and soil temperature. Water table depths, air temperature at 1-m height, soil temperature at 15-, 30-, and 50-cm depths, and CO₂ efflux were measured at 12 plots representing three landuse treatments (forest, field, and bare ground) at two restored wet flats in the thermic Great Dismal Swamp ecosystem. The forest was driest treatment. The forest air was the warmest in winter and coldest in summer, opposite of the bare ground. The forest soil at 50 cm was the warmest in winter and coolest in summer, opposite of the bare ground. Land use affected hydrology, air, and soil temperatures through the presence of surface litter and differences in shading, albedo, and ET. The regulatory frost-free period fell in between the measured frost-free period and the measured 5°C soil temperature period. Based on CO₂ efflux and soil temperature at 50 cm, the biological growing season of native plants and microbes should be year-round for forested areas, one week shorter for early-successional fields, and two weeks shorter for active cropland rather than March to November for all land uses. Changing the growing season definition of forested, thermic wet flats to year-round designation must be considered and studied carefully to avoid jeopardizing wetland hydrology qualifications.
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Sukati, M. A. "The EC bioethanol blend mandate policy : its effect on ACP sugar trade and potential interaction with EPA policies." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13043/.

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The study aim was to determine effects of the EC bioethanol blend mandate policy and its potential interaction with the EPA policies on EU/ACP countries. The research analysis focussed on welfare outcomes, changes in trade balance and output of bioethanol crops commodities due to these policies. Emphasis of our analysis was placed on sugar given the economic importance of this commodity to many ACP member states. Absence of an EU bioethanol partial equilbrium model means we had to design one from certain assumptions. One of the assumptions was that subsidies support EU bioethanol production such that just enough is produced to meet the 5.75% and 10% EC blend mandate requirements. For this reason, EU bioethanol production did not affect transport fuel demand and prices. Using the GTAP model, the study has found that the EC bioethanol blend mandate policy increases bioethanol crops commodities prices resulting in global welfare loss that is highest in the EU region. However, the EC bioethanol blend mandate policy also increases bioethanol crops commodities production in ACP countries and promote ACP export of these commodities to the EU. The EU is able to produce all bioethanol requirements from local sugar beet production. Increasing the amount of sugar beet in bioethanol production minimizes the effect on global food prices and offers greatest benefits to ACP countries through promotion of their sugar industries. Trade liberalising EPA policies result in welfare gain for regions engaged in them. However, the EC bioethanol blend mandate policy’s interaction with the EPA policies result in welfare loss, which is again highest in the EU. Combination of the EC bioethanol blend mandate/EPA policies also promotes ACP bioethanol crops production and export. Overall, the study has contributed to our understanding of biofuel policies and their potential global effects on food markets especially in ACP countries.
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Benassi, Chiara. "Growing periphery in core sectors and the challenges for labour representation : a case study of the German manufacturing sector." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1016/.

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This thesis investigates the causes of the growth of contingent work and its implications for labour. It focuses on German core manufacturing sectors, where contingent work recently increased to a great extent and the metal union started organising agency workers and bargaining on their behalf. In contrast, existing literature expects the German core manufacturing to rely on a stable specific-skilled workforce and on labour management coalitions while contingent work affects the service periphery. The thesis contends that the literature has overestimated employers’ interests in retaining their skilled workforce as well as the stability of cross-class coalitions, which are supposed to support the equilibrium between core and peripheral labour market segments. The main argument is that labour will include contingent workers in its representation domain when employers’ segmentation strategies start developing competition between contingent and permanent workers and threatening the existence of the core workforce. Institutional change undermining labour cohesiveness and increasing employer discretion is found to trigger this process. The first paper examines how weakening negotiated and legal employment protections have affected the association between specific skills and stable employment. It finds that the whole manufacturing workforce –including specific-skilled workers- have become more likely to be on a temporary contract since the eighties, also thanks to the routine nature of work. The second paper examines how labour influenced the workplace arrangements for agency workers in four automotive plants. It finds that inclusive arrangements are the outcome of the combination of labour power –rooted in workplace industrial relations and conditions external to the plant - and labour commitment to a homogeneous workforce. The third paper explains the union campaign for agency workers started in 2007. By analysing the union’s strategies towards agency workers from the seventies until 2012, it shows that the union adopted an inclusive strategy because growing agency work threatened the collectively agreed standards for core workers.
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Fang, I.-Chieh. "Growing up and becoming independent : an ethnographic study of new generation migrant workers in China." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/373/.

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Based on anthropological fieldwork in factories in China’s Special Economic Zones (SEZs), this dissertation examines the process of ‘growing up’ and ‘becoming independent’ for young migrant workers from the countryside, especially in relation to their decisions about employment and marriage. In ‘post-socialist’ China, as many writers have observed, the old systems and ideas have not entirely faded away but new market logics have been imposed on them. Partly as a result of this, the process of achieving adulthood – i.e. the process through which young people should, in theory, learn how to position themselves as full members of society – is now filled with uncertainties. Old expectations about interactions with others have become invalid. This is especially so for young migrant workers from the countryside who, as I argue, possess a double social being, i.e. they are caught somewhere between childhood and adulthood, and who face the challenges of multilocality, i.e. they shift back and forth between rural and urban environments. For them, migration is a mandatory rite of passage, but one that often leaves them suspended in a position of liminality and uncertainty. The research found that young workers learn, in the course of migration, that manipulating personal networks is the most efficient way for them to get the resources they need – so that they can deal with the problems of uncertainty they face. They rely on the rather traditional mode of ‘interconnected personhood’, instead of developing what might be called ‘individualistic personhood’. Having said this, they are meanwhile enjoying the freedom, opportunities and symbolic values that individualistic personhood can bring them. They stand in between the two systems and typically avoid fully committing to one or the other. This is how they deal with risks and responsibilities within the constraints imposed by their background, gender, and class position.
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Whitman, Heather L. "Effects of Adjacent Land-use Practices and Environmental Factors on Riparian Vegetation and Water Quality in the Sugar Creek Watershed, Northeastern Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250568833.

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Al-Faleh, Hesham Abdulrhman. "The role of transportation-land use integration in managing rapidly growing cities : a case of the city of Ar-Riyadh." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539086.

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Gopaul, Nanda Kissore. "Union rivalry, workers' resistance and wage settlements in the Guyana sugar industry : 1964-1994." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/56026/.

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This PhD thesis is a study of the changing social and industrial conditions under which sugar workers in Guyana have worked, and the responses of workers and unions to these changes since 1964. It makes extensive use of original trade union and employer archives, other public and private documentary evidence and interviews with workers and union and state officials. The narrative and analysis focuses on the experience of union rivalry and the impact of state interventions in wage settlements. The sugar industry has several different unions with differing political and ideological positions, and there have been numerous instances of union rivalry and workers' discontent over union representation. Inadequate wage offers have often led to disputes, involving antagonisms between workers and management but also between workers and their union. In practice the majority of wage settlements have resulted from the intervention of a Commission of Inquiry or Arbitration Tribunal. In the late 1970s the state's imposition of wage levels provoked numerous struggles, often of national proportions, and led to legal challenges by workers and one of their unions which resulted in the restoration of collective bargaining. Such developments have had major implications for the national labour movement. The thesis considers each of these facets of worker and union experience, and thus develops an analysis of the relationships between union rivalry, workers' resistance and wage settlements in the context of highly politicised trade unionism. In particular it discusses the implications of trade union affiliation to the major political parties and shows the extent to which political affiliation helped to destroy the collective bargaining process. It argues that while trade unions are involved in political struggles, they ought not to be affiliated to political parties, since this is likely to compromise the independence of the labour movement and weakens the collective bargaining process.
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Books on the topic "Land use Sugar growing"

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Hawaii: Perspectives on Hamakua history : ramblings through an ancient land division of Hawaii island. Honokaa, HI: P. Quentin Tomich dba Biological Factors, 2008.

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Steele, R. J. G. A review of the Malawi sugar estates. Lilongwe, Malawi: Estate Land Utilisation Study, 1997.

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Boyken, Grant. Growing pains: Airport expansion and land use compatibility planning in California. Sacramento, CA: California State Library, California Research Bureau, 2006.

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Stewart, Philip J. Growing against the grain: United Kingdom forestry policy 1987. London: Council for the Protection of Rural England, 1987.

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Shepherd, Verene. Livestock, sugar and slavery: Contested terrain in colonial Jamaica. Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers, 2009.

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Orígenes de la economía de plantación de La Española. Santo Domingo, República Dominicana: Editora Nacional, 2012.

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1970-, Schindler Susanne, and Swenson Katie, eds. Growing urban habitats: Seeking a new housing development model. San Francisco: William Stout Publishers, 2009.

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Arendt, Randall. Growing greener: Putting conservation into local plans and ordinances. Washington, D.C: Island Press, 1999.

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Stewart, Philip J. Growing against the grain: United Kingdom forestry policy : a report commissioned by Council for the Protection of Rural England. 2nd ed. London: Council for the Protection of Rural England, 1988.

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Garnett, Tara. Growing food in cities: A report to highlight and promote the benefits of urban agriculture in the UK. London: National Food Alliance, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Land use Sugar growing"

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Shaw, William W., Rachel McCaffrey, and Robert J. Steidl. "Integrating Wildlife Conservation into Land-Use Plans for Rapidly Growing Cities." In The Planner¿s Guide to Natural Resource Conservation:, 117–31. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-98167-3_7.

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Hertel, Thomas W., and Uris Lantz C. Baldos. "Overview of Global Land Use, Food Security and the Environment." In Global Change and the Challenges of Sustainably Feeding a Growing Planet, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22662-0_1.

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Hertel, Thomas W., and Uris Lantz C. Baldos. "Biofuels as a Driver of Long Run Land Use Change." In Global Change and the Challenges of Sustainably Feeding a Growing Planet, 99–114. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22662-0_8.

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Marceau, Danielle J., Fang Wang, and Nishad Wijesekara. "Investigating Land-Use Dynamics at the Periphery of a Fast-Growing City with Cellular Automata at Two Spatial Scales." In Modeling of Land-Use and Ecological Dynamics, 51–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40199-2_4.

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Chaudhry, Muhammad Ramzan, Muhammad Iqbal, and Khalid Mahmood Subhani. "Economic use of degraded land and brackish water by growing salt tolerant trees." In Tasks for vegetation science, 287–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0067-2_32.

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Predo, C. D., and H. A. Francisco. "Improving Productivity, Profitability and Sustainability of Degraded Grasslands Through Tree-Based Land Use Systems in the Philippines." In Smallholder Tree Growing for Rural Development and Environmental Services, 289–317. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8261-0_14.

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York, Abigail M., and Darla K. Munroe. "Land-Use Institutions and Natural Resources in Fast-Growing Communities at the Urban-Rural Fringe." In Human-Environment Interactions, 295–318. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4780-7_13.

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Ortiz, L., A. Mustafa, B. Rosenzweig, and Timon McPhearson. "Modeling Urban Futures: Data-Driven Scenarios of Climate Change and Vulnerability in Cities." In Resilient Urban Futures, 129–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63131-4_9.

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AbstractCities are complex systems where social, ecological, and technological processes are deeply coupled. This coupling complicates urban planning and land use development, as changing one facet of the urban fabric will likely impact the others. As cities grapple with climate change, there is a growing need to envision urban futures that not only address more frequent and intense severe weather events but also improve day-to-day livability. Here we examine climate risks as functions of the local land use with numerical models. These models leverage a wide array of data sources, from satellite imagery to tax assessments and land cover. We then present a machine-learning cellular automata approach to combine historical land use change with local coproduced urban future scenarios. The cellular automata model uses historical and ancillary data like existing road systems and natural features to develop a set of probabilistic land use change rules, which are then modified according to stakeholder priorities. The resulting land use scenarios are evaluated against historical flood hazards, showcasing how they perform against stakeholder expectations. Our work shows that coproduced scenarios, when grounded with historical and emerging data, can provide paths that increase resilience to weather hazards as well as enhancing ecosystem services provided to citizens.
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Mohamed-Ghouse, Zaffar Sadiq, Cheryl Desha, and Luis Perez-Mora. "Digital Earth in Australia." In Manual of Digital Earth, 683–711. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9915-3_21.

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Abstract Australia must overcome a number of challenges to meet the needs of our growing population in a time of increased climate variability. Fortunately, we have unprecedented access to data about our land and the built environment that is internationally regarded for its quality. Over the last two decades Australia has risen to the forefront in developing and implementing Digital Earth concepts, with several key national initiatives formalising our digital geospatial journey in digital globes, open data access and ensuring data quality. In particular and in part driven by a lack of substantial resources in space, we have directed efforts towards world-leading innovation in big data processing and storage. This chapter highlights these geospatial initiatives, including case-uses, lessons learned, and next steps for Australia. Initiatives addressed include the National Data Grid (NDG), the Queensland Globe, G20 Globe, NSW Live (formerly NSW Globe), Geoscape, the National Map, the Australian Geoscience Data Cube and Digital Earth Australia. We explore several use cases and conclude by considering lessons learned that are transferrable for our colleagues internationally. This includes challenges in: 1) Creating an active context for data use, 2) Capacity building beyond ‘show-and-tell’, and 3) Defining the job market and demand for the market.
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Meck, Stuart. "State Land-Use Control." In Growing SmartSM Legislative Guidebook, 36–38. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351179171-31.

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Conference papers on the topic "Land use Sugar growing"

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Grubert, Emily, Carey W. King, and Michael E. Webber. "Water for Biomass-Based Energy on Maui, Hawaii." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63199.

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Biomass-based energy has characteristics that could help Maui Island meet multiple long-term goals, including decreasing reliance on oil for electricity and transportation fuels, increasing use of local resources that do not need to be shipped long distances, and diversifying the island economy beyond tourism by preserving agriculture. Biomass can be used for liquid fuel production and for electricity production. On Maui, sugarcane has been grown at plantation scale for over a century. Accordingly, sugarcane-derived ethanol and combustible sugarcane bagasse have long been of interest as energy sources for the island. State and county level focus on increasing renewable energy utilization on Maui have renewed study of potential crops and available land, with a special emphasis on sugarcane. However, there is some concern about the water requirements associated with biomass-based energy. A primary motivation for using local, renewable energy sources is that Maui is an island with limited resources, fresh water among them: thus, exploring ways to increase energy sustainability without compromising water availability is of interest to many. This work examines the water needs associated with growing sugarcane for ethanol and combustible biomass on Maui Island. Virtually all sugarcane on Maui is irrigated because soil and sunlight resources do not generally coincide with natural precipitation patterns. Growing sugarcane for energy represents a large water demand that is limiting under certain development scenarios on Maui, such as a scenario where environmental streamflows are highly prioritized. By comparing the irrigation demand of Maui’s currently grown sugarcane with published figures for ethanol yield from cane, this work finds that 700 to 1,500 gallons (gal) of irrigation water are needed per gallon of sugarcane-based ethanol (from fermentable sugars and fiber; 0.7 to 1.5 cubic meters, m3, per liter, L). More water is needed for processing. However, combustible waste streams could provide additional energy return per unit of water. This paper discusses how water demand for sugarcane-based energy interacts with other island water demands, given that about 37,000 acres (150 km2) of sugarcane land are potentially available for bioenergy production. Though seawater cannot be successfully directly used for irrigation, sugarcane can tolerate some salinity and other contamination, so this paper also considers brackish water and treated wastewater — for which there is little other demand — as potential irrigation resources. Notably, the range of tolerable water quality expands significantly when sugarcane is not intended for human ingestion or when biomass yield, not sugar content, is targeted (as for cellulosic ethanol or combustible biomass production).
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Yatsukhno, Valentin, and Svetlana Bachila. "CRITERIA AND INDICATORS OF VULNERABILITY OF AGRARIAN LAND USE SOILS TO DROUGHT TO DEVELOP MEASURES TO MITIGATE THEIR CONSEQUENCES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BELARUSIAN POLESSYE REGION)." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Problems of Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1667.978-5-317-06490-7/23-26.

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A system of criteria and indicators is proposed to determine the degree of vulnerability of soils of agricultural lands in Belarusian Polessye based on the analysis of climatic changes, natural and anthropogenic factors affecting their moisture supply during the growing season.
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Rawat, Ashwani Kumar, Subhrajit Banerjee, and Anil Kumar Roy. "Assessment of Land Use/Land Cover Changes of potential growing fringe areas of Lucknow Using Remote Sensing and GIS." In 2020 International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Applications (IC3A). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ic3a48958.2020.233308.

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Sergeev, V. S., and D. R. Mukminov. "Биологизированная технология возделывания сахарной свеклы." In РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-15.05.2020.37.

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Sugar beet is the main technical crop in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Beet growing in the region is carried out in the zone of risky agriculture. Based on the bioproducts produced for Beta vulgaris growing, the team of the BashInkom Scientific & Innovation Enterprise together with scientists from the Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar and leading Russian beet growers improved and optimized the traditional technology, which, even under stressful conditions (drought, temperature decrease, waterlogging, freezing, toxic chemical oppression, lack of readily soluble nutrients) and a significant reduction in production costs, increases crop productivity by 20% and sugar content by 0.1-0.3%. Production experiments were carried out in beet-growing farms of the republic: farming company “Mukminov”, LLC “Voskhod” (Gafuri region), LLC farming company “Salavat”, LLC “Michurina” (Aurgazinsky district), LLC “Region-Agro” (Davlekanovsky district), etc. Research results confirm the effectiveness of the use of biological products and biofertilizers in sugar beet cultivation technology. The increase in the yield amounted to 2-10 t/ha compared to traditional technology; sugar content increased to 0.3%; finance costs that are attributable to the acquisition and use of biological products and bioactivated fertilizers have paid off, and high profitability is guaranteed. Conclusions: 1. Biological products and bioactivated fertilizers are an integral and mandatory element in the technology of sugar beet cultivation, as well as an innovative solution in protecting plants from environmental stress factors and in balancing plant nutrition by carrying out leaf feeding in key phases of growth and development. 2. Biologized technology allows increasing the yield of sugar beet by 20% and reducing the cost of chemical plant protection products and mineral fertilizers by 1.2-1.3 times. 3. Economic efficiency in the cultivation of sugar beet from the use of biological products and bioactivated fertilizers is up to 8 net profit per 1 RUB production costs.
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Gracheva, Raisa. "GREEN AGROSPHERE: RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF WORLD EXPERIENCE." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Problems of Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1673.978-5-317-06490-7/49-54.

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In green agriculture, organic, integrated and adaptive (coordinate, precise) systems are distinguished based on the principles of nature protection and human health. These systems partially overlap each other and operate with varying degrees of efficiency in the world. Unlike many countries, where mostly small farms are involved in the green agricultural sector, in Russia large agricultural holdings play main role in this area. The possibilities of green agriculture in the agro-terraced mountain regions of the North Caucasus, as well as the legacy of the sugar industry (Kursk region) in land use, as a potential for integrated agriculture in the Chernozem zone, are considered.
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PILVERE, Irina, Aleksejs NIPERS, and Bartosz MICKIEWICZ. "BIOECONOMY DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL BASED ON MORE EFFICIENT LAND USE IN THE EU." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.101.

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Europe 2020 Strategy highlights bioeconomy as a key element for smart and green growth in Europe. Bioeconomy in this case includes agriculture, forestry, fisheries, food and pulp and paper production, parts of chemical, biotechnological and energy industries and plays an important role in the EU’s economy. The growth of key industries of bioeconomy – agriculture and forestry – highly depends on an efficient and productive use of land as a production resource. The overall aim of this paper is to evaluate opportunities for development of the main sectors of bioeconomy (agriculture and forestry) in the EU based on the available resources of land. To achieve this aim, several methods were used – monographic, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, statistical analysis methods. The findings show that it is possible to improve the use of land in the EU Member States. If all the Member States reached the average EU level, agricultural products worth EUR 77 bln would be annually additionally produced, which is 19 % more than in 2014, and an extra 5 billion m3 volume of forest growing stock would be gained, which is 20 % more than in 2010.
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Gonza´lez-Salazar, Miguel Angel, and Reinhard Willinger. "Technical and Economic Assessment of Small to Medium Scale Bio-Ethanol Distilleries With Cogeneration Systems." In ASME Turbo Expo 2007: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2007-28240.

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This investigation presents an assessment of the potential use of sugar cane to support sustainable development in Colombia with a particular focus on devising ways of supplying electricity to regions without service (about 1.8 million people and 66% of the territory). The goal of this study is to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of using small to medium scale modern technologies to exploit the co-production of two of the major forms of energy that can be derived from the sugar cane plant: ethanol (by fermentation and distillation of the cane juice) and electricity (by cogeneration of bagasse). The market potential for ethanol, electricity and carbon credits (for associated emissions reduction) is examined and a site selection analysis is performed to decide the most suitable location within the Non-Interconnected Zones (NZI) in Colombia. Development scenarios are constructed and analyzed in the context of the markets identified, combining different alternative technologies. Production costs of sugar cane, investment costs, operating costs, labour costs and maintenance costs are estimated for each development scenario, and economic and financial characteristics are quantified and compared, to determine which options are the most attractive. The study identifies that the key factors which affect the feasibility of distilleries with CHP systems in Colombia are: 1) specific location and conditions, 2) type of technologies used, efficiencies and maximum capacities of production, 3) total investment costs, 4) incomes for ethanol, electricity and emissions reduction and 5) national and global incentives.
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Kirechev, Damyan. "SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT THROUGH AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVITIES AND THE NEED FOR NEW POLICY." In SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT - CURRENT PRACTICES AND SOLUTIONS 2019. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/slm2019.125.

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The report examines the need for a transition to a sustainable model of agriculture through the introduction of modern land use practices. Agroecology has reliable tools to ensure the environmental friendliness of modern agricultural production. Modern European agriculture is developing in compliance with ever higher standards in terms of environmental protection, biodiversity, safe food production. The challenges facing the Common Agricultural Policy are growing, necessitating the adoption of urgent action to make a successful transition to the sustainable use of agricultural land.
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ATKOCEVIČIENĖ, Virginija, Jolanta VALČIUKIENĖ, Daiva JUKNELIENĖ, and Edita JUOČYTĖ. "LAND USE AND PLANNING IN RURAL AREAS (A CASE STUDY OF GIEDRAIČIAI SUBDISTRICT)." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.022.

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The rational use of land should be ensured, soil-friendly agricultural branches should be developed as well as attractive environment for work, living and resting in the countryside should be created in promoting rural development in Lithuania. Areas with favourable natural conditions have a high degree of economic activity, farm size, and economic development. However, not everywhere the natural conditions for the development of agriculture are favourable. The research was carried out in the Giedraičiai rural area of Molėtai district, which deals with the factors influencing the use of land, the declared area of land, the problem of land abandonment. The methods of legal analysis, analysis of literature, analysis, comparison and aggregation of statistical data were used during the research. After the fulfilment of the analysis of the declared area of land during the period between the years 2012 and 2016, it was established that the area of agricultural land declared during the five years increased by 655 hectares, the number of farmers who declared agricultural land decreased by 104, and the number of declared parcels declined even to 1729. The process of the growing of farms is likely to occur. The area of abandoned land in Giedraičiai subdistrict reaches 300 hectares, the number of abandoned areas exceeds 800. Estimating the statistical data and solutions of the general plan of the Molėtai district area preliminary solutions for the management of the territory of the Giedraičiai subdistrict for agriculture and rural development are being provided, i.e. it is planned to implement rural development land use planning projects for the management of farms, and to select a farmhouse farm site. To reduce the abandoned land areas, it is advisable to plan forests, expand the areas of meadows and natural pastures, apply organic farming and adapt the areas for recreation.
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Grubert, Emily A., and Michael E. Webber. "Water, Energy, and Land Use Planning on Maui Island, Hawaii: Estimating Surface Water Supply." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54332.

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Maui Island in the State of Hawaii faces land use and freshwater allocation challenges associated with a growing population and a changing economic base as plantation agriculture has declined. Debate about whether water should be restored to environmental flows, allocated to new urban development for residents and tourists, or be used to irrigate food or fuel crops has highlighted Maui’s opportunity to make integrated resource decisions that consider land, water, and energy in particular. One major potential water demand on Maui is for irrigation for biofuels crops, such as sugarcane for ethanol. While Maui’s energy system is currently low in water intensity, using irrigated biofuels could increase the need for local water investment in energy systems. This paper aims to characterize surface water supply on Maui in order to draw conclusions about supply adequacy for biofuel irrigation. Narrow-scope empirical equations linking streamflow and precipitation tend to produce more accurate estimates for individual streams: for example, equations based only on northeast Maui streams tend to predict northeast Maui stream flows better than equations based on all of Maui’s streams. However, specific equations do not exist for most regions of Maui. This paper finds that general and specific empirical equations for northeast Maui predict nearly identical aggregate streamflows. Irrigation ditch flow comprises aggregate streamflow from a given region, so it is likely that existing, general equations can predict irrigation ditch flows with acceptable accuracy.
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Reports on the topic "Land use Sugar growing"

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Ashley, Caitlyn, Elizabeth Spencer Berthiaume, Philip Berzin, Rikki Blassingame, Stephanie Bradley Fryer, John Cox, E. Samuel Crecelius, et al. Law and Policy Resource Guide: A Survey of Eminent Domain Law in Texas and the Nation. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.eminentdomainguide.

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Eminent Domain is the power of the government or quasi-government entities to take private or public property interests through condemnation. Eminent Domain has been a significant issue since 1879 when, in the case of Boom Company v. Patterson, the Supreme Court first acknowledged that the power of eminent domain may be delegated by state legislatures to agencies and non-governmental entities. Thus, the era of legal takings began. Though an important legal dispute then, more recently eminent domain has blossomed into an enduring contentious social and political problem throughout the United States. The Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution states, “nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.” Thus, in the wake of the now infamous decision in Kelo v. City of New London, where the Court upheld the taking of private property for purely economic benefit as a “public use,” the requirement of “just compensation” stands as the primary defender of constitutionally protected liberty under the federal constitution. In response to Kelo, many state legislatures passed a variety of eminent domain reforms specifically tailoring what qualifies as a public use and how just compensation should be calculated. Texas landowners recognize that the state’s population is growing at a rapid pace. There is an increasing need for more land and resources such as energy and transportation. But, private property rights are equally important, especially in Texas, and must be protected as well. Eminent domain and the condemnation process is not a willing buyer and willing seller transition; it is a legally forced sale. Therefore, it is necessary to consider further improvements to the laws that govern the use of eminent domain so Texas landowners can have more assurance that this process is fair and respectful of their private property rights when they are forced to relinquish their land. This report compiles statutes and information from the other forty-nine states to illustrate how they address key eminent domain issues. Further, this report endeavors to provide a neutral third voice in Texas to strike a more appropriate balance between individual’s property rights and the need for increased economic development. This report breaks down eminent domain into seven major topics that, in addition to Texas, seemed to be similar in many of the other states. These categories are: (1) Awarding of Attorneys’ Fee; (2) Compensation and Valuation; (3) Procedure Prior to Suit; (4) Condemnation Procedure; (5) What Cannot be Condemned; (6) Public Use & Authority to Condemn; and (7) Abandonment. In analyzing these seven categories, this report does not seek to advance a particular interest but only to provide information on how Texas law differs from other states. This report lays out trends seen across other states that are either similar or dissimilar to Texas, and additionally, discusses interesting and unique laws employed by other states that may be of interest to Texas policy makers. Our research found three dominant categories which tend to be major issues across the country: (1) the awarding of attorneys’ fees; (2) the valuation and measurement of just compensation; and (3) procedure prior to suit.
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