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Journal articles on the topic 'Landfill bioreactors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 19 February 2023

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1

Oktiawan, Wiharyanto, Irawan Wisnu Wardhana, Endro Sutrisno, Domuanri Gorat, and Alfian Rizky Rizaldianto. "Municipal Solid Waste Management Using Bioreactor Landfill in the Treatment of Organic Waste from Jatibarang Landfill, Semarang-Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 125 (2019): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912507002.

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Landfilling is one of the easiest methods to be applied in the management of municipal solid waste (MSW). In its development, bioreactor landfill methods that have various advantages over conventional landfill emerge. This experiment aims to study the use of bioreactor landfills for the management of organic waste in Jatibarang Landfill, Semarang-Indonesia. There are 4 bioreactor landfills operated: 2 anaerobic bioreactors with leachate recirculation and addition of water, and 2 aerobic bioreactors. Different results are shown from these two types of bioreactor, where aerobic bioreactors reach peak temperatures (55oC each) faster even though anaerobic bioreactors reach higher temperatures (60oC and 61oC respectively). Anaerobic bioreactors reach a higher final pH value than aerobes while the accumulation of nitrogen content from an aerobic bioreactor is 2 times higher than anaerobes.

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2

Wiharyanto, Oktiawan, Sutrisno Endro, and Hadiwidodo Mochtar. "Performance of Semi-Aerobic Solid Waste Bioreactor in relation to Decomposition Process and Biogas Production." E3S Web of Conferences 73 (2018): 07021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187307021.

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Solid waste which is sent to Jatibarang landfill in Semarang City can reach up to 4000 m3/day. The composition of solid waste consists of 61.95% of organic waste and 38.05% of inorganic waste. The environmental impacts of solid waste can be reduced using bioreactor methods which being able to accelerate the solid waste decomposition. Large amount of solid waste which is sent to Jatibarang landfill certainly has great potential to environment pollution. Therefore, a technology such as landfill bioreactor is needed to speed up the decomposition process of organic solid waste. Landfill bioreactors are characterized using a range of technologies in order to create an suitable environment for degradation processes. In this study four bioreactors simulated landfills that consist of hybrid bioreactors and anaerobic control bioreactors. The result shows that hybrid bioreactor has increases the decomposition process of organic solid waste. The hybrid bioreactor also produce more methane in subsequent anaerobes.

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3

Warith, Mostafa A., and Graham J. Takata. "Effect of Aeration on Fresh and Aged Municipal Solid Waste in a Simulated Landfill Bioreactor." Water Quality Research Journal 39, no. 3 (August 1, 2004): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2004.031.

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Abstract Municipal solid waste (MSW) is slow to stabilize under conventional anaerobic landfill conditions, demanding long-term monitoring and pollution control. Provision of aerobic conditions offers several advantages including accelerated leachate stabilization, increased landfill airspace recovery and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Air injection was applied over 130 days to bench-scale bioreactors containing fresh and aged MSW representative of newly constructed and pre-existing landfill conditions. In the fresh MSW simulation bioreactors, aeration reduced the average time to stabilization of leachate pH by 46 days, TSS by 42 days, TDS by 84 days, BOD5 by 46 days and COD by 32 days. In addition, final leachate concentrations were consistently lower in aerated test cells. There was no indication of a gradual decrease in the concentration of ammonia, and it is likely this high ammonia concentration would continue to be problematic in bioreactor landfill applications. This study focussed only on biodegradability of organics in the solid waste. The concentrations of the nonreactive or conservative substances such as chloride and/or heavy metals remain in the bioreactor landfills due to the continuous recirculation of leachate. The results of this study demonstrate the potential for air injection to accelerate stabilization of municipal solid waste, with greatest influence on fresh waste with a high biodegradable organic fraction.

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4

Yaman, Cevat, Suriya Rehman, Tanveer Ahmad, Yusuf Kucukaga, Burcu Pala, Noor AlRushaid, Syed Riyaz Ul Hassan, and Ayse Burcu Yaman. "Community Structure of Bacteria and Archaea Associated with Geotextile Filters in Anaerobic Bioreactor Landfills." Processes 9, no. 8 (August 6, 2021): 1377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9081377.

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Landfills are an example of an environment that contains highly complex communities of microorganisms. To evaluate the microbial community structure, four stainless steel pilot-scale bioreactor landfills with single- and double-layered geotextile fabric were used. Two reactors (R-1 and R-2) contained municipal solid waste (MSW) and sewage sludge, while the other two reactors (R-3 and R-4) contained only MSW. A single layer of geotextile fabric (R2GT3 and R3GT3) was inserted in the drainage layers of the two reactors (R-2 and R-3), while a double layer of geotextile fabric (R4GT2 and R4GT1) was inserted in one of the reactors (R-4). Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that biomass developed on the geotextile fabrics after 540 days of bioreactor operation. The metagenomics analyses of the geotextile samples by 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the geotextile bacterial communities were dominated by the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Thermotogeae, while Proteobacteria were detected as the rarest bacterial phylum in all the geotextile samples. Treponema, Caldicoprobacter, and Clostridium were the most dominant anaerobic and fermentative bacterial genera associated with the geotextile fabric in the bioreactors. Euryarchaeota was the predominant archaean phylum detected in all the geotextile samples. In the archaeal communities, Methanosarcina, and Vadin CA11 were identified as the predominant genera. The diversity of microorganisms in landfill bioreactors is addressed to reveal opportunities for landfill process modifications and associated operational optimization. Thus, this study provides insights into the population dynamics of microorganisms in geotextile fabrics used in bioreactor landfills.

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5

Pohland, F. G., F. Karadagli, J. C. Kim, and F. P. Battaglia. "Landfill codisposal of pentachlorophenol (PCP)-treated waste wood with municipal solid waste." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 2 (July 1, 1998): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0132.

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Pentachlorophenol (PCP) has been used as a biocide and preservative for wood power poles and crossarms. If disposed in landfills, the natural capacity of landfills to transform hazardous constituents to less hazardous or inert substances may also apply to such PCP-treated materials. The principal reaction of interest in the anaerobic environment of a landfill is reductive dechlorination. The fate and transformation of PCP-treated wood was investigated in simulated landfill bioreactors operated under single pass leaching and leachate recirculation. The wood samples consisted of 2% of the total mass by weight loaded into the bioreactors. The PCP leaching potential was examined at varying pH conditions with TCLP and Soxhlet extractions. Adsorption of PCP to the synthetic solid waste was used to determine its role in immobilizing leachate PCP. Routine indicator parameters were used to describe the acidogenic and methanogenic phases of landfill stabilization. Leached PCP was transformed without inhibitory effects on landfill stabilization, thereby affirming the acceptability of such a codisposal practice.

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6

Onay, T. T., and F. G. Pohland. "Nitrogen and sulfate attenuation in simulated landfill bioreactors." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 2-3 (July 1, 2001): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0791.

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The characteristics of leachate from landfills vary according to site-specific conditions. Leachates from old landfills are often rich in ammonia nitrogen, posing potential adverse environmental impacts in the case of uncontrolled discharge. At landfills where leachate recirculation is practiced, leachate ammonia concentrations may accumulate to higher levels than during the single pass leaching. Using leachate recirculation with system modifications, separate aerobic and anoxic zones for nitrification and both autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification can be provided. Results from simulated landfill bioreactors indicated that both nitrogenous and sulfur compounds can be attenuated through autotrophic denitrification, and leachate nitrate concentrations of 750 mg/L reduced to less than 1 mg/L by denitrification to nitrogen gas promoting this very common process in a landfill environment results in the reduction of both leachate ammonia and sulfate concentrations.

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7

Maslikov, Vladimir, Ekaterina Negulyaeva, Alexey Cheremisin, Alexander Chusov, Dmitry Molodtsov, and Alexander Stroganov. "Experimental Assessment of Biogas and Leachate Emissions from MSW Landfills for Energy Reclamation with the Aim of Sustainable Urban Development." Materials Science Forum 871 (September 2016): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.871.199.

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This article discusses the organization and the results of the laboratory-scale experiments in bioreactors with samples of municipal solid waste (MSW) for assessment of biogas potential and leachate emissions for MSW landfills energy reclamation with the aim of sustainable urban development. The procedure of organization and carrying out laboratory experiments on MSW decomposition in bioreactors providing similarity to MSW landfill conditions was approved using equipment meeting the international requirements.

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8

Pohland, F. G., and J. C. Kim. "In Situ Anaerobic Treatment of Leachate in Landfill Bioreactors." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 8 (October 1, 1999): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0422.

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Landfills often serve as ultimate receptors for residential, commercial and industrial wastes. Both hazardous and nonhazardous wastes may be codisposed, but with potential threats to public health and the environment if not properly managed. Therefore, an understanding of the fundamental attenuating mechanisms determining mobilization and potential transport and fate of codisposed waste constituents is needed to direct the selection of appropriate landfill operational and management strategies. By focusing on changes in leachate and gas characteristics during codisposed loadings of organic and inorganic hazardous wastes, the potential treatment capacity of bioreactor landfills with leachate containment and in situ recirculation could be demonstrated.

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9

van Dijk, L., and G. C. G. Roncken. "Membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment: the state of the art and new developments." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 10 (May 1, 1997): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0353.

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The combination of membrane separation technology and bioreactors has lead to a new focus on wastewater treatment. The application of membranes has led to very compact wastewater treatment systems with an excellent effluent quality. For concentrated wastewaters, like industrial streams and landfill leachate the membrane bioreactor has been applied at full scale successfully. The relatively high energy requirements have hindered the wide spread application of membrane bioreactors. Using new membrane techniques, like transfer flow modules, creates the possibilities of a more widespread application. This opens possibilities for far going reuse of wastewater, both industrial and municipal, decrease in sludge production and small-footprint bioreactors for less concentrated wastewater streams.

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10

Sandoval-Cobo, John, Diana Caicedo-Concha, Luis Marmolejo-Rebellón, Patricia Torres-Lozada, and Johann Fellner. "Evaluation of Leachate Recirculation as a Stabilisation Strategy for Landfills in Developing Countries." Energies 15, no. 17 (September 5, 2022): 6494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176494.

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This study evaluated leachate recirculation (LR) as a stabilisation strategy for landfills using bioreactor experiments with excavated waste from a tropical landfill in Colombia. The experimental evaluation was performed in two 115 L bioreactors, one simulating the operation of a landfill with LR, Br2, where the leachate produced was recirculated at a rate of 0.8 L d−1, and a control system without LR, Br1. Both systems reached stabilisation indicator values on a dry matter (DM) basis for volatile solids VS (<25% DM) and a biochemical methane potential BMP (≤10 mL CH4 g−1 DM). Likewise, towards the end of the experiment, the leachate generated in Br2 reached stabilisation indicator values for BOD5 (<100 mg L−1) and the BOD (biological oxygen demand)/COD (chemical oxygen demand) ratio (<0.1). Although the stabilisation criterion for COD was not met in any bioreactor (<200 mg L−1), LR helped to release 19% more oxidisable organic matter in Br2 than in Br1, indicating a reduction in the contaminating potential of the waste in the case of uncontrolled discharges of leachate to the environment. Regarding biogas production, the generation of CH4 in Br2 was more intense and its cumulative production was 34.5% higher than Br1; thus, Br2 achieved CH4 emission rates, indicating waste stabilisation (<1.0 L CH4 m−2 h−1) sooner than Br1, showing an accelerating effect of LR on waste degradation. A carbon mass balance indicated that waste degradation, in terms of the initial total organic carbon mineralisation and the C gas discharge via CH4, was greater in Br2. These results demonstrate the LR potential to accelerate the stabilisation of a landfill but also to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in final disposal sites where biogas is also captured and utilised for energy production; a key aspect when improving the sustainability of landfill operations in developing countries.

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11

Mozzhegorova, Yu V., and N. N. Slyusar. "Modelling of the Municipal Solid Waste Stabilization Processes in the Landfill Body." Ecology and Industry of Russia 24, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-12-16-22.

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The paper discusses the questions of municipal solid waste landfills assessment and their impact on the environment during landfill lifespan. The results of waste stabilization processes with different disposal periods using laboratory modeling in bioreactors are presented. Based on physicochemical and biochemical indicators the degree of waste decomposition in relation to the waste disposal time has been determined. Based on the thermal analysis data it has been shown that the intensity of heat flows and mass losses decrease during waste decomposition and the increase of waste stability. It was found that the results of waste stabilization laboratory modeling for the young landfill and the old dump site are similar to the results of field study.

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12

Yazici Guvenc, Senem, Burcu Alan, Elanur Adar, and Mehmet Sinan Bilgili. "The impact of nanoparticles on aerobic degradation of municipal solid waste." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 35, no. 4 (March 13, 2017): 426–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x17695884.

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The amount of nanoparticles released from industrial and consumer products has increased rapidly in the last decade. These products may enter landfills directly or indirectly after the end of their useful life. In order to determine the impact of TiO2 and Ag nanoparticles on aerobic landfilling processes, municipal solid waste was loaded to three pilot-scale aerobic landfill bioreactors (80 cm diameter and 350 cm height) and exposed to TiO2 (AT) and Ag (AA) nanoparticles at total concentrations of 100 mg kg−1 of solid waste. Aerobic landfill bioreactors were operated under the conditions about 0.03 L min−1 kg−1 aeration rate for 250 days, during which the leachate, solid waste, and gas characteristics were measured. The results indicate that there was no significant difference in the leachate characteristics, gas constituents, solid quality parameters, and temperature variations, which are the most important indicators of landfill operations, and overall aerobic degradation performance between the reactors containing TiO2 and Ag nanoparticles, and control (AC) reactor. The data also indicate that the pH levels, ionic strength, and the complex formation capacity of nanoparticles with Cl− ions can reduce the toxicity effects of nanoparticles on aerobic degradation processes. The results suggest that TiO2 and Ag nanoparticles at concentrations of 100 mg kg−1 of solid waste do not have significant impacts on aerobic biological processes and waste management systems.

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13

Sohoo, Ihsanullah, Marco Ritzkowski, Jinyang Guo, Kiran Sohoo, and Kerstin Kuchta. "Municipal Solid Waste Management through Sustainable Landfilling: In View of the Situation in Karachi, Pakistan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 2 (January 11, 2022): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020773.

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Open disposal is the most common technique used for municipal solid waste (MSW) management due to the absence of sanitary landfills in Pakistan. The major cities and small towns in Pakistan have become a showcase of negligence and mismanagement of MSW, which results in deterioration of the environmental and social-life quality. Moreover, research has proved that inefficient handling (disposal) of MSW results in uncontrolled emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), mainly methane, and adds a significant share in global climate change. This study aims to estimate methane emissions from MSW disposed of at dumpsites and compare the GHG mitigation potential of different landfill strategies in specific climate and waste compositions in Karachi. The GHG estimations are based on lab-scale investigations conducted by simulating landfill conditions through the landfill simulation reactor (LSR) experiment. The synthetic MSW sample representing the composition of MSW generated in Karachi was used in the LSR experiment. Environmental sustainability and GHG mitigation potential of different landfilling strategies was evaluated by analyzing gas formation potential (GP21) and respiration activity (RI4) at the end of the experiment. This study revealed that the quantity of solid waste annually disposed of at dumpsites in Karachi possesses the potential to release about 3.9 Mt CO2-eq. methane (with specific methane potential of 1.8 tCO2-eq./tonne DM disposed) due to the biological decomposition of the organic fraction. Results show that the fresh waste disposed of at landfill sites in Karachi possesses about 92% and 94% higher GP21 and RI4, respectively, than the German allocated criteria for mechanically and biologically treated (MBT) waste for landfills Furthermore, sanitary landfills with post-aeration conditions showed higher GHG mitigation potential and low biological activity in the waste. The second highest GHG mitigation potential and lowest biological activity of the waste was noticed from bioreactor landfills with post-aeration conditions. The third number in GHG mitigation and reduced waste activity was noticed in the waste sampled from bioreactors without aftercare approach. The least GHG mitigation potential was noticed from the uncontrolled waste dumping (existing) approach with high residual gas potential and respiration index level. This lab-scale landfill simulation study can provide baseline data for further research and planning the development of new sustainable landfills in Karachi, Pakistan and in the region.

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Wintgens, T., M. Gallenkemper, and T. Melin. "Occurrence and removal of endocrine disrupters in landfill leachate treatment plants." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 3 (August 1, 2003): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0180.

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Endocrine disrupting compounds can affect the hormone system in organisms. Industrial chemicals with estrogenic effects were detected in large quantities in landfill leachates. Membrane technology has proven to be an effective barrier to these substances and thus widely applied in the treatment of landfill leachate. The removal techniques under investigation are membrane bioreactors, nanofiltration, activated carbon adsorption, ozonation as well as reverse osmosis. Investigations were conducted at two different landfill leachate treatment plants with a variety of process configurations. The xenoestrogenic substances nonylphenol and bisphenol A were detected in high μg/L-ranges in raw landfill leachate. Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) were capable of removing more than 80% of the nonylphenol load. Final effluent concentrations range between 1-12 μg/L nonylphenol and 3-30 μg/L bisphenol A respectively. Reverse osmosis treatment proved to be less effective in nonylphenol and bisphenol A removal than MBRs with further polishing stages like nanofiltration and activated carbon adsorption.

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15

Warith, M. A., and R. Sharma. "Technical Review of Methods to Enhance Biological Degradation in Sanitary Landfills." Water Quality Research Journal 33, no. 3 (August 1, 1998): 417–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1998.024.

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Abstract Biological processes are known to reduce the organic fraction of municipal solid waste, but current landfilling practices have not been altered to reflect this knowledge. The advantages of enhancing degradation of solid waste are as follows: reduced period of leachate treatment, increased methane production, expedited landfill site reclamation through stabilized waste mining, and accelerated subsidence permitting recovery of valuable landfill air space. The techniques that can be used to enhance biological degradation include leachate recirculation, addition of nutrients, shredding, sludge addition, lift design, temperature and moisture content management. Manipulation of these variables promotes a more conducive environment for microbial activity. Research on landfill management strategies through laboratory and full-scale studies has shown the validity of applying the enhancement techniques with regards to reducing leachate strength and increasing methane production. These practices focus on the use of landfills as bioreactors, which enables long-term flexibility and assures compliance with future regulations and discharge standards.

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16

Dubrovskis, Vilis. "FORCED ANAEROBIC BIOCONVERSION." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 20, 2001): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2001vol1.1926.

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Forced bioconversion of solid organic wastes as technology for Latvia conditions is presented. Every inhabitant produces 200~300kg solid wastes, about 0,6 mind per year in Latvia. Different technologies are used for utilisation of these wastes. The most popular are: landfilling, sorting and recycling, incineration, composting and anaerobic digestion for organic wastes. As new technology? in Latvia is forced bioconversion of municipal solid organic wastes. Approximately 250000 tons solid wastes per year are coming to landfill Getlini. 24% from them are usable for anaerobic digestion. Regulating of temperature and moisture content in wastes gives possibility to optimise process of bioconversion. Forced anaerobic bioconversion proceeds 4 -7 times faster as normal bioconversion in landfill. For this technology is necessary less investment for incineraton anaerobic digestion in bioreactors and composting in tunnels or halls. It is preferable for smaller landfills in Latvia too. For big landfill, where has sorting, the best solution: approximately 30% recycling, 25% wet organic for forced bioconversion, 45% for incineration.

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17

Robinson, Tony. "Membrane bioreactors: Nanotechnology improves landfill leachate quality." Filtration & Separation 44, no. 9 (November 2007): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-1882(07)70288-4.

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18

Peng, Wei, Alberto Pivato, Maria Cristina Lavagnolo, and Roberto Raga. "Digestate application in landfill bioreactors to remove nitrogen of old landfill leachate." Waste Management 74 (April 2018): 335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.01.010.

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19

Pohland, F. G., and P. Rachdawong. "Use of post-consumer carpet products during landfill management of solid wastes." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 7-8 (October 1, 1996): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0651.

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This report focuses on the potential for using waste carpets as part of cover and liner systems at municipal solid waste landfills. Five different carpet materials were tested for their characteristics before and after incorporation with solid wastes in simulated landfill bioreactors. Selected analyses are presented on heavy metals and volatile organic compounds from TCLP extracts, and on leachate and gas samples during operation with and without leachate recycle. Biological clogging tests indicated no alteration in carpet integrity o2r significant reduction in permeability. Solid waste stabilization, indicated by gas and leachate parameters, proceeded without adverse impact from the codisposed carpets. Volatile organic compounds and heavy metals were present in trace amounts and below regulatory limits. These results supported post-consumer use of carpets as filter and separation layers for municipal solid waste landfill cover and liner systems.

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20

Cerminara, G., R. Raga, O. Hirata, and A. Pivato. "Denitrification of low C/N landfill leachate in lab-scale landfill simulation bioreactors." Waste Management 113 (July 2020): 236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.041.

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21

McBean, Edward A. "Siloxanes in biogases from landfills and wastewater digesters." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 35, no. 4 (April 2008): 431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l07-144.

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Volatile methylsiloxanes and linear polydimethylsiloxanes (siloxanes), generated as components of biogases from digesters at wastewater treatment plants and solid waste landfills, have been identified as potentially causing significant operational problems. The problems are demonstrated as being an issue of “sand in the transmission” and are the reason for the changing of engine warrantees. Examples of monitored concentrations of siloxanes at a series of facilities are described, demonstrating degrees of variability both spatially and temporally, for different biogas sources. Wastewater digesters are shown to be generally producing biogases with higher siloxane concentrations than landfills. With a trend toward some landfills being operated as bioreactors, where the temperatures in the refuse are elevated to levels comparable to those within wastewater treatment digesters, there is potential that landfill-derived biogases may result in increased concentrations of siloxanes and hence more operating problems.

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22

Tolaymat, Thabet M., Roger B. Green, Gary R. Hater, Morton A. Barlaz, Paul Black, Doug Bronson, and Jon Powell. "Evaluation of Landfill Gas Decay Constant for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills Operated as Bioreactors." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 60, no. 1 (January 2010): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3155/1047-3289.60.1.91.

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23

Wintgens, T., M. Gallenkemper, and T. Melin. "Removal of endocrine disrupting compounds with membrane processes in wastewater treatment and reuse." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 5 (September 1, 2004): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0301.

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Endocrine disrupting compounds can affect the hormone system in organisms and are the subject of environmental and human health concerns. The effluents of wastewater treatment plants contribute to the emission of estrogenically active substances into the environment. Membrane technology, which is an advanced wastewater treatment option, is the subject of this research. The removal techniques under investigation are membrane bioreactors, reverse osmosis, and nanofiltration. Eleven different nanofiltration membranes were tested in the laboratory set-up. The observed retention of NP and BPA ranged between 70% and 100%. The contact angle is an indicator for the hydrophobicity of a membrane, whose influence on the permeability and retention of NP was evident. Regarding the retention of BPA no dependency on the contact angle was observed. Results of the investigation of a full-scale landfill leachate treatment plant indicate a bisphenol A (BPA) removal of more than 98% with membrane bioreactors and reverse osmosis. The mass balance indicates that biological degradation is the most important removal process in the membrane bioreactor configuration.

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24

Vigneron, V., T. Bouchez, C. Bureau, N. Mailly, L. Mazeas, C. Duquennoi, J. M. Audic, I. Hébé, and N. Bernet. "Leachate pre-treatment strategies before recirculation in landfill bioreactors." Water Science and Technology 52, no. 1-2 (July 1, 2005): 289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0530.

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Nitrified leachate recirculation represents a promising strategy for a more sustainable landfill management. Our objective was to determine the reactions involved in nitrate reduction in municipal solid waste batch biodegradation tests. Anaerobic digestion of waste in the three control reactors showed a good reproducibility. In two test reactors, nitrate was added at various moments of the waste degradation process. We observed that: (1) H2S concentration controlled the nitrate reduction pathway: above a certain threshold of H2S, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) replaced denitrification. (2) N2O/N2 ratio varied with the organic carbon concentration: the lower the easily biodegradable carbon concentration, the higher the N2O/N2 ratio. (3) N2 was consumed after denitrification. The possibility of a nitrogen fixation reaction in the presence of NH4+ is discussed. Nitrified leachate recirculation during acidogenesis should be avoided because of higher H2S production which could induce DNRA.

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Ahmed, Farah Naz, and Christopher Q. Lan. "Treatment of landfill leachate using membrane bioreactors: A review." Desalination 287 (February 2012): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.12.012.

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26

Bayard, R., J. de Araujo Morais, M. Rouez, U. Fifi, F. Achour, and G. Ducom. "Effect of biological pretreatment of coarse MSW on landfill behaviour: laboratory study." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 7 (October 1, 2008): 1361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.512.

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Mechanical and biological pre-treatment (MBT) of residual Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is considered as a promising technical option prior to landfilling. The aim of MBT is to control the biological landfill activity to minimize biogas and leachate production. Laboratory-scale bioreactors were set up to study the behaviour of untreated and pre-treated residues. The bioreactors were designed to simulate the anaerobic condition of sanitary landfill. Initial water addition has been performed to ensure optimal condition of biological degradation. The incubation time was 400 days to achieve the biodegradation. Experiments have been carried out with untreated or treated waste collected from a mechanical-aerobic biological treatment plant located in middle south of France. Chemical and biological analyses have been performed to characterise the waste samples before and after the incubation. Results showed that a residual anaerobic activity does exist for the pre-treated waste when incubated in optimal moisture condition: biogas production does still exist even after a long period of aerobic hot fermentation and maturation.

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27

Li, Simeng, and Gang Chen. "Effects of evolving quality of landfill leachate on microbial fuel cell performance." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 36, no. 1 (November 10, 2017): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x17739969.

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Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a novel technology for landfill leachate treatment with simultaneous electric power generation. In recent years, more and more modern landfills are operating as bioreactors to shorten the time required for landfill stabilization and improve the leachate quality. For landfills to operate as biofilters, leachate is recirculated back to the landfill, during which time the organics of the leachate can be decomposed. Continuous recirculation typically results in evolving leachate quality, which chronologically corresponds to evolution stages such as hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, methanogenesis, and maturation. In this research, variable power generation (160 to 230 mW m˗2) by MFC was observed when leachate of various evolutionary stages was used as the feed. The power density followed a Monod-type kinetic model with the chemical oxygen demand (COD) equivalent of the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) ( p < 0.001). The coulombic efficiency decreased from 20% to 14% as the leachate evolved towards maturation. The maximum power density linearly decreased with the increase of internal resistance, resulting from the change of the conductivity of the solution. The decreased conductivity boosted the internal resistance and consequently limited the power generation. COD removal as high as 90% could be achieved with leachate extracted from appropriate evolutionary stages, with a maximum energy yield of 0.9 kWh m˗3 of leachate. This study demonstrated the importance of the evolving leachate quality in different evolutionary stages for the performance of leachate-fed MFCs. The leachate extracted from acidogenesis and acetogenesis were optimal for both COD reduction and energy production in MFCs.

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28

Sethi, Sapna, NC Kothiyal, and K. Nema. "Moisture Flow in Landfill Simulating Bioreactors Containing Municipal Solid Waste." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 39, no. 3 (August 1, 2013): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm.2013.173.

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29

Sang, Nguyen Nhu, Satoshi Soda, Tomonori Ishigaki, and Michihiko Ike. "Microorganisms in landfill bioreactors for accelerated stabilization of solid wastes." Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 114, no. 3 (September 2012): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.04.007.

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30

Wichitsathian, B., S. Sindhuja, C. Visvanathan, and K. H. Ahn. "Landfill Leachate Treatment by Yeast and Bacteria Based Membrane Bioreactors." Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 39, no. 9 (December 27, 2004): 2391–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/ese-200026295.

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31

Pouliot, Julie-Marie, Ernest K. Yanful, and Amarjeet S. Bassi. "Effect of Additives on Biological Treatment of Landfill Leachate." Water Quality Research Journal 35, no. 2 (May 1, 2000): 201–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2000.013.

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Abstract Aerobic batch bioreactors were used in this research to study the effects of different additives on the biological treatment of landfill leachate. Those additives were phosphoric acid, powdered activated carbon, polyethylenimine and BOD Balance™. Both synthetic and natural landfill leachates were investigated. The natural leachate was collected at a landfill site near London, Ontario. It was observed that the addition of phosphoric acid increased the COD utilization rate as well as decreased the effluent COD. The other additives did not affect the effluent COD but were found to have a small influence on the COD utilization rates, especially PEI and BOD Balance. A maximum average COD utilization rate of 90 mg L-1 h-1 was obtained with the following combination of additives: phosphoric acid and BOD Balance at 5 mg L-1.

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32

Chen, Ying-xu, Song-wei Wu, Wei-xiang Wu, Hua Sun, and Ying Ding. "Denitrification capacity of bioreactors filled with refuse at different landfill ages." Journal of Hazardous Materials 172, no. 1 (December 2009): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.06.150.

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33

Fu, Zhimin, Fenglin Yang, Yingyu An, and Yuan Xue. "Characteristics of nitrite and nitrate in situ denitrification in landfill bioreactors." Bioresource Technology 100, no. 12 (June 2009): 3015–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.12.034.

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34

Yaman, Cevat, Yusuf Kucukaga, Gulsah Delice, and Burcu Pala. "Improving Leachate Quality and Landfill Gas Production in Pilot Scale Landfill Bioreactors Containing Sewage Sludge and Geotextile Biofilters." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2018, no. 13 (January 1, 2018): 2384–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864718825137098.

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35

Slezak, Radoslaw, Liliana Krzystek, and Stanislaw Ledakowicz. "Degradation of municipal solid waste in simulated landfill bioreactors under aerobic conditions." Waste Management 43 (September 2015): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.06.017.

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36

Abuabdou, Salahaldin M. A., Mohammed J. K. Bashir, Ng Choon Aun, and Sumathi Sethupathi. "Applicability of anaerobic membrane bioreactors for landfill leachate treatment: Review and opportunity." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 140 (April 2018): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/140/1/012033.

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37

Campanaro, Stefano, Roberto Raga, and Andrea Squartini. "Intermittent aeration of landfill simulation bioreactors: Effects on emissions and microbial community." Waste Management 117 (November 2020): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.08.010.

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38

Sri Shalini, S., and Kurian Joseph. "Combined SHARON and ANAMMOX processes for ammoniacal nitrogen stabilisation in landfill bioreactors." Bioresource Technology 250 (February 2018): 723–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.077.

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39

Alvarez-Vazquez, Héctor, Bruce Jefferson, and Simon J. Judd. "Membrane bioreactors vs conventional biological treatment of landfill leachate: a brief review." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 79, no. 10 (September 14, 2004): 1043–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.1072.

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40

Fang, Cheng-Ran, Jun Yao, Jing Wang, Wie Wang, Yu-Yang Long, Ruo He, and Dong-Sheng Shen. "Comparison of leachate treatments in the simulated landfill bioreactors with different operation modes." Desalination and Water Treatment 16, no. 1-3 (April 2010): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2010.1082.

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41

Alhadrami, Hani A., Ken S. Killham, and Saad A. Alamri. "Assessing the Potential of Flow Bioreactors to Minimise Environmental Impacts of Landfill Leachate." Biotechnology(Faisalabad) 7, no. 3 (June 15, 2008): 448–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/biotech.2008.448.455.

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42

Fang, Cheng-ran, Yu-yang Long, Ying-ying Lu, and Dong-sheng Shen. "Behavior of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) in simulated landfill bioreactors with different operation modes." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 63, no. 6 (September 2009): 732–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2009.02.011.

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43

Ying, Wei-chi, Robert R. Bonk, and Stanley A. Sojka. "Treatment of a landfill leachate in powdered activated carbon enhanced sequencing batch bioreactors." Environmental Progress 6, no. 1 (February 1987): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.670060116.

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44

Lindamulla, L. M. L. K. B., N. K. R. N. Jayawardene, W. S. M. S. K. Wijerathne, M. Othman, K. G. N. Nanayakkara, K. B. S. N. Jinadasa, G. B. B. Herath, and V. Jegatheesan. "Treatment of mature landfill leachate in tropical climate using membrane bioreactors with different configurations." Chemosphere 307 (November 2022): 136013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136013.

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45

Al-Yousfi, A. Basel, and Frederick G. Pohland. "Strategies for Simulation, Design, and Management of Solid Wastes Disposal Sites as Landfill Bioreactors." Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management 2, no. 1 (January 1998): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-025x(1998)2:1(13).

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46

Nikolaou, Aris, Apostolos Giannis, and Evangelos Gidarakos. "Comparative studies of aerobic and anaerobic treatment of MSW organic fraction in landfill bioreactors." Environmental Technology 31, no. 12 (November 2010): 1381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593331003743104.

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47

Hettiaratchi, J. P. A., P. A. Jayasinghe, E. M. Bartholameuz, and S. Kumar. "Waste degradation and gas production with enzymatic enhancement in anaerobic and aerobic landfill bioreactors." Bioresource Technology 159 (May 2014): 433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.026.

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48

Amaral, M. C. S., G. C. B. Brito, B. G. Reis, L. C. Lange, and W. G. Moravia. "Comparison of commercial baker’s yeast versus bacteria-based membrane bioreactors for landfill leachate treatment." Environmental Technology 39, no. 18 (August 3, 2017): 2365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2017.1355931.

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49

Vasel, J. L., H. Jupsin, and A. P. Annachhatre. "Nitrogen removal during leachate treatment: comparison of simple and sophisticated systems." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 6 (September 1, 2004): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0358.

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Membrane bioreactors (MBR) have become common in treating municipal wastewaters. Applied to leachates treatment MBR were also successful with pilot scale experiments and full-scale facilities as well. We succeeded previously in designing an efficient nitrificationÐdenitrification process with an ethylene glycol byproduct as carbon source for denitrification. Moreover, an unexpectedly high inert COD removal efficiency was also observed in the full-scale MBR facility thereby making it possible to increase the operating time of the final GAC (Granulated Activated Carbon) adsorber. Since MBR are very sophisticated systems. Simpler and “lower” cost systems can also be considered. For example it is possible to nitrify leachates from sanitary landfill using a simple infiltrationÐpercolation technique with a low energy cost. To validate previously published laboratory experiments, a semi industrial-scale pilot installation was installed at the Montzen landfill site (Belgium). The process is based on infiltrationÐpercolation through a granular bed. This well known process was modified to increase the load, notably by changing the support medium, adding an electric fan that is run intermittently and maintaining temperatures greater than 15°C. The new material is a type of granular calcium carbonate with a large specific surface area. These technical improvements enabled the system to nitrify up to 0.4 kg NH4+-N/m3 of reactor bed per day at a hydraulic load of 0.35 m.d-1, with an ammonia removal rate in the range of 80 to 95%. Despite the high ammonia nitrogen inlet concentrations, this system exhibits remarkable nitrification efficiency. Moreover, these performances are achieved in a batch mode system without recirculation or dilution processes. If complete nitrification is needed, it can be obtained in a second in series of bioreactors. The system can be classified as a low cost process. An international patent is pending. Possible performances of those systems were compared with the usual methods for leachates treatment.

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Jayasinghe, P. A., J. P. A. Hettiaratchi, A. K. Mehrotra, and M. A. Steele. "Enhancing Gas Production in Landfill Bioreactors: Flow-Through Column Study on Leachate Augmentation with Enzyme." Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste 17, no. 4 (October 2013): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)hz.2153-5515.0000166.

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