Relevant bibliographies by topics / Landfill liners

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Academic literature on the topic 'Landfill liners'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Landfill liners"

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Özçoban, Mehmet Şükrü, Seren Acarer, and Neşe Tüfekci. "Effect of solid waste landfill leachate contaminants on hydraulic conductivity of landfill liners." Water Science and Technology 85, no. 5 (2022): 1581–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2022.033.

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Abstract Landfilling is one of the most widely used methods to reduce the impact on the environment and human health by ensuring the management of solid wastes. For the process in question to be called landfill, the landfill leachate must be controlled and liner impermeability conditions must be provided. For this reason, compacted clay liners (CCL) and geosynthetic clay liners (GCL) with very low hydraulic conductivity are often used as hydraulic barriers in landfills to prevent the risk of leachate mixing with groundwater. However, as a result of various interactions between leachate–clay liners, changes occur in the hydraulic conductivity of the liners. In this review, the change (increase/decrease) in the hydraulic conductivity of the landfill liners caused by the contaminants in the leachate composition and the mechanisms responsible for this change were examined. In addition, deficiencies in the literature on this subject were identified and directions for future studies were presented.
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Radenkova-Yaneva, Magdelinka, Emilia Kostakeva, and Dimiter Toshev. "Contaminant migration from sanitary landfill leachate through soil monoliths." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 7 (1995): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0236.

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It is well known that the leachates from solid domestic waste sanitary landfills are heavily polluted with organic and inorganic substances. As they are of a potential danger for the environment, their uncontrolled seepage is avoided in the modern sanitary landfills by means of suitable insulation. This is mostly made of natural materials with a low filtration coefficient. The present paper considers the results of the filtration characteristics, studying natural clayey soil model liners. The leachate contaminants distribution from the sanitary landfill in Sofia (Suhodol) is traced out in different liner depths. The mechanism of pollutant attenuation in the liners is considered. It is found that a part of the leachate components (Fe, Mn, SO42−, PO43−) stays in clayey liners. Besides, as a result of pore colmatation the permeability of the liners is decreased. It is shown that soil monoliths with a proper thickness might serve as a sufficiently safe barrier against leachate filtration in adjacent aquifers. On the base of the results obtained the thickness of the clay liners in the solid domestic waste sanitary landfills could be optimized.
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Fan, Jing Jing. "Behavior of Geosynthetic Clay Liners due to the Migration of Heavy Metal." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.433.

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To protect the underlying soil and groundwater from landfills, the landfills are commonly lined with layered liner systems. Geosynthetic clay liners (GCL) have been increasingly used in the landfill liner systems to substitude the traditional compacted clay liners (CCL) because of their low cost, easily construction behavior and low leakage rate. To study the behavior of the GM+GCL liner system used in China due to the migration of Pb2+, we introduce in detail GM+GCL liner systems proposed by the Chinese specification. Then one dimensional finite layer model is used to investigate the anti-pollution behavior of the CM+GCL composite liner systems, with the focuses on the heavy metal Pb2+. It could be concluded that the main migration way through the GM+GCL composite liner system is that the transport of Pb2+through a GM+GCL composite liner system of a landfill cover takes place primarily through the holes in the GM. The findings provide useful reference for preventing, controlling and treating groundwater pollution in the GM+GCL liner system technically and scientifically.
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Kariuki, Stephen K., and Mohamed A. Shahin. "Laboratory Investigation into Applicability of Red Sand-Bitumen Mixture as Landfill Liner." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 1022–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1022.

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Liners play an important role in control of contaminant transport to ensure negligible long-term environmental impact. Fill liners have therefore been designed with the requirement to perform as barriers that separate leachate from the groundwater system. Liners have been traditionally designed using clay or geo-membranes and geo-synthetics. However, these traditional methods are becoming increasingly uneconomical and out of reach of most undeveloped countries. Development of innovative barriers and barrier materials is thus essential to provide more sustainable and cost effective solutions. The aim of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of using a new mixture of red sand-bitumen, as a landfill liner. The results indicate that the mixture meets the limit value of hydraulic conductivity for waste landfills of 1 × 10−9 m/s and that the mixture has a high potential to be used in landfill applications.
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Amagu, Clement A., Beatrice O. Enya, Jun-ichi Kodama, and Mostafa Sharifzadeh. "Impacts of Addition of Palm Kernel Shells Content on Mechanical Properties of Compacted Shale Used as an Alternative Landfill Liners." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (February 21, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9772816.

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The design of landfill liners of waste disposal to reduce migration of leachate containment, low swelling, and shrinkage and ensure sufficient shear strength to resist bearing capacity and instability of the landfill has been a major challenging task to landfill engineers. Over the last decade, there has been an increase in research on the stability of substitute materials as liners that are environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and socially beneficial due to the growing cost of traditional landfill liners. In this regard, geotechnical tests were conducted on shale samples treated with 0–12% (increment of 2%) of palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) and pulverized palm kernel shell (PPKS) to evaluate their suitability as alternative landfill liners using West African Standard (WAS) and Modified AASHTO Standard (MAS) for compactive energy. The shale has more percentage of finer fractions, thus classified as poorly graded soil (A-7-5). The Atterberg limit tests show that liquid and plastic limits decrease with an increase in plasticity index as the percentage of addition of PKSA and PPKS content increases. The results also established that the maximum dry density (MDD), volumetric shrinkage strain (VSS), and hydraulic conductivity significantly decrease, while the optimum moisture content (OMC) increases as the content of PKSA and PPKS increases at both compactive efforts. The maximum strengths of 380.30 and 448.70 kPa were obtained at 4% of both stabilizers. From the results, it can therefore be concluded that the treated compacted shale meets the condition of the suitability of landfill liners. Furthermore, with the use of industrial and agricultural wastes such as palm kernel shells as replacement materials with natural soils used as liners, significant social, economic, and environmental impact of landfills and reduction in wastes can be achieved. The research results can provide a reference for similar conditions of landfill liners worldwide.
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Locastro, João Karlos, and Bruno Luiz Domingos De Angelis. "Barreiras de impermeabilização: configurações aplicadas em aterros sanitários." Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental 20, no. 1 (2016): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236117019963.

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With the growth of cities and expansion in the generation of municipal solid waste are becoming increasingly common the presence of landfills. These landfills must be made with waterproof barriers (liners) able to contain leachate, thereby preventing scattering of contamination plumes. In this sense, this study aims to list the major liners found in landfills, presenting their features, in addition to exposing examples applied in landfills across the country. To this end, it conducted a literature finding the different existing liners and their respective peculiarities. With the study we observed the presence of waterproof barriers consist of: geosynthetics, sludge, active barriers, municipal solid waste, benthic geocomposite, soil cement or compacted soils. It was also found that some Brazilian cities, as the case of Belo Horizonte, use to disposal landfill waste with the presence of alternative waterproofing layers. As a whole, the liner with the highest security among the classes studied were the geosynthetic liners combined with compressed ultisols, thus presenting lower permeability.
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Donald, Scott B., and Edward A. McBean. "Statistical analyses of compacted clay landfill liners. Part 1: model development." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 5 (1994): 872–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-093.

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The acceptance of compacted clay liners, from a management point of view, has been a source of major concern because of the uncertainty associated with the hydrogeologic properties of the clay. By examining the flux of leachate through the compacted clay liner of a typical engineered landfill, where the hydraulic conductivity of the clay is represented by a stochastic process, an acceptance protocol suitable for compacted clay landfill liners is derived. Determination of the equivalent hydraulic conductivity of the clay liner is accomplished by comparing the flux of leachate through a homogeneous representation of the clay with the flux obtained by Monte Carlo analyses. Acceptance criteria are subsequently developed based on a statistical technique which calculates the confidence limits about a percentile of a probability distribution as well as about the mean of the distribution. For the landfill configuration simulated, the results indicate that the hydraulic conductivity of a compacted clay landfill liner follows a lognormal distribution and exhibits virtually no spatial correlation structure. In addition, for liners exhibiting a geometric mean conductivity of 10−7 cm/s and a standard deviation of 0.3, the geometric mean value is a conservative estimate of the hydraulic conductivity of the clay, provided the liner is constructed in a series of four 150 mm lifts. Key words: clay liners, hydraulic conductivity, statistical analyses, latin hypercube, equivalent hydraulic conductivity.
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Raloff, J. "Unexpected Leakage through Landfill Liners." Science News 135, no. 11 (1989): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3973227.

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Koś, Karolina, and Eugeniusz Zawisza. "Landfill liners from dam reservoir sediments." Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW. Land Reclamation 48, no. 1 (2016): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sggw-2016-0004.

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Abstract Landfill liners from dam reservoir sediments. Every municipal solid waste landfill has to be properly secured to protect the natural environment from possible leachate. Most often an artificial sealing is used, which is based on a soil liner from cohesive soils (clays, silts). Usability evaluation of bottom sediments from Rzeszowski Reservoir for building these liners was presented in the paper. Sediments from dam reservoirs, gathered as a result of the siltation process, can be a valuable material for earthworks purposes. Determination of their possible ways of usage is important, especially before the planned dredging, because thanks to that this material will not be put on a heap. Based on the analysis of the geotechnical parameters of these sediments it was stated that this material can be preliminary allowed for using in liners.
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Barrima, Amr, Ibrahim M. Mashhour, and Nabil H. Amer. "Effect of Bentonite Content on Hydraulic Conductivity of Sand-Bentonite Mixtures Used in Landfill Liners as an Alternative to Clay Liner in Egypt." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1056, no. 1 (2022): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1056/1/012029.

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Abstract Compacted clays are commonly utilized as landfill liners due to their impermeable properties, however, the availability of natural clay soil may be difficult or prohibitively expensive in some regions thanks to the expense of transportation, the local soil availability or regulation. As an alternative hydraulic barrier, a compacted mixture of sand with a low percentage of bentonite (6% to 14%) was used. The purpose of this research is to investigate the applicability of bentonite available in the Egyptian market for controlling the hydraulic conductivity of sand-bentonite mixtures to be used in landfill liners. The study was divided into two phases: first, laboratory tests were conducted to identify the optimum bentonite percentage and bentonite types, using local commercial bentonite products. Then, in two distinct landfill liners layers, full-scale measurements were obtained. The experimental program demonstrated that Bentonite produced and found in the Egyptian market can be utilized in landfill liners with an acceptable quality control procedure to prevent any outcome deviation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Landfill liners"

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Shashikumar, Bangalore M. "Effect of leachate on the stability of landfill composite liners." Ohio : Ohio University, 1992. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1173217012.

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Diener, Silvia. "Ageing behaviour of steel slags in landfill liners." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Geovetenskap och miljöteknik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26542.

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Steel slags are by-products of the steelmaking process. To avoid unnecessary disposal, e.g. into landfill, their chemical and physical properties should be exploited to support alternative uses. Steel slags can be recycled within the steel plant or used as construction material in roads, hydraulic engineering and different types of barriers, including landfill covers. A landfill cover consists of several layers, including a liner with low water and gas permeability in order to reduce methane and leachate emissions. Several studies have demonstrated that steel slags have good potential to fulfil such an application. However, there are questions regarding the stability of the slag minerals over long periods of time. A landfill cover must function well for many decades and centuries. In order to predict the long-term stability of steel slags as a landfill liner, laboratory experiments have been performed to study the effects of accelerated ageing of steel slag under controlled conditions. The factors investigated in the storage atmosphere were carbon dioxide content, relative humidity and temperature. The influence of leachate contact and ageing time were also assessed.This thesis reports the study of electric arc furnace slags and ladle slag from the production of high-alloyed tool steel after accelerated ageing for periods of three months and ten months. Mineralogy and leaching were studied using two different leaching tests, thermal analysis, acid-neutralization capacity assays and X-ray diffraction. For the ageing periods considered, the exposure of the slags to an atmosphere enriched with carbon dioxide had the greatest impact on leaching. In general, calcium, aluminium, sulphur and sodium leached from the slag matrix to the greatest extent while other metals such as chromium, nickel, lead and zinc were found at very low levels in the leachate. The leaching of calcium and aluminium reduced with increasing carbon dioxide level. Thermal analysis revealed the decomposition of carbonates. Weight and enthalpy changes were evaluated between 100 and 1000 °C. The buffer capacity of the steel slags, represented by the acid neutralization capacity (ANC 4.5) was not reduced after 10 months of ageing. However, the division of the titration into two steps revealed a shift of buffering zones for more highly aged samples, probably due to the formation of carbonates. The mineralogy of the investigated steel slags was complex with a large variety of mineral phases, principally calcium silicates, monticellite, periclase and a spinel phase. Other possible phases were gehlenite, merwinite, akermanite and iron. The existence of different solid solution is likely among the slag phases and can cause shifting of peaks in the X-ray diffractogram. Also, calcite was identified. Short-term carbonation has not shown significant impact on mineralogy despite of calcite formation. The results of the study contribute to a better understanding of the chemical and mineral stability of electric arc furnace slag and ladle slag in the environment of a landfill liner. The consequences of slag ageing include reduced leaching rates for certain elements. To predict the long-term behaviour of aged slag, the results of this study should be combined with data from two other sources - an ongoing ageing experiment that includes mechanical tests and a full scale field test at the Hagfors landfill. Additional analytical methods that can better characterise the mineralogy, for example scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), should also be applied to better quantify the mineralogical phases and to determine which trace elements are most abundant in specific minerals.<br>Stålslagg är en restprodukt som kommer från ståltillverkningen. Den har kemiska och fysikaliska egenskaper som bör utnyttjas och som gör den lämplig för återanvändning, samtidigt som onödig deponering kan undvikas. Stålslagg kan återanvändas inom ståltillverkningen eller så kan den användas som konstruktionsmaterial i väg- och vattenbyggnadskonstruktioner eller i olika typer av barriärkonstruktioner som till exempel deponisluttäckningar. En deponisluttäckning består av flera skikt där tätskiktet ska ha en låg vatten- och gaspermeabilitet för att minska metan- och lakvattenutsläpp. Flera studier visar att stålslagg uppfyller dessa egenskaper och har potential att kunna användas i deponitäckning. Men det finns fortfarande oklarheter angående slaggmineralernas stabilitet över en längre tid. En deponitäcknings funktion förväntas vara stabil i många tiotals eller hundratals år. För att kunna förutsäga det långsiktiga beteendet för stålslagg i ett tätskikt genomfördes ett laboratorieexperiment vars syfte var att studera effekterna av accelererad åldring under kontrollerade förhållanden. De faktorer som studerades var koldioxidhalten, relativa luftfuktigheten, temperaturen, kontakten med lakvatten samt åldringstiden. I denna avhandling presenteras undersökningen av ljusbågsugnsslagg och skänkslagg, från framställning av höglegerat verktygsstål, efter tre respektive tio månaders accelererad åldring. Mineralogin och lakningsegenskaperna studerades genom två typer av laktester, termiska analyser, analys av syraneutraliserande kapacitet samt röntgendiffraktion. För de studerade åldringstiderna var det exponeringen av stålslaggen för en koldioxidrik atmosfär som hade den största inverkan på lakningsegenskaperna. Kalcium, aluminium, svavel och natrium var de ämnen som uppvisade den högsta utlakningen från slaggen medan metaller som krom, nickel, bly och zink endast fanns i väldigt låga koncentrationer i lakvattnet. Utlakningen av kalcium och aluminium minskade med en ökande halt av koldioxid. Termiska analyser visade på en nedbrytning av karbonater. Vikt- och entalpiförändringar mellan 100 och 1000°C utvärderades. Stålslaggens buffertkapacitet, representerad av den syraneutraliserande kapaciteten (ANC pH 4,5), reducerades inte efter tio månaders åldrande. Däremot visade uppdelningen av titreringen i två steg på en förskjutning av buffertområdena för de prover som åldrats tio månader, förmodligen på grund av karbonatbildning. Mineralogin för de undersökta stålslaggerna var komplex med en stor variation av mineralfaser, främst kalciumsilikater, monticellit, periklas och en spinellfas. Andra möjliga mineralfaser var gehlenit, merwinit, åkermanit och järn. Förekomsten av olika fastfaslösningar i stålslaggsmineralerna är sannolik vilket kan orsaka förskjutningar av topparna i diffraktogrammen. Kalcit identifierades också. Karbonatisering under en kort tid visade sig inte ha någon signifikant inverkan på mineralogin, förutom en viss kalcitbildning. Resultaten från studien bidrar till en bättre förståelse av stabiliteten för ljusbågsugns- och skänkslagg i den miljö som finns i ett tätskikt. Åldringen av slaggen resulterade i en reducerad utlakning av vissa element. För att kunna förutsäga det långsiktiga beteendet för åldrad slagg bör resultaten från den här studien kombineras med data från ett pågående åldringsförsök som inkluderar mekaniska tester samt ett fullskaligt fältförsök på Hagfors deponi. Analysmetoder som mer detaljerat kan karaktärisera mineralogin, till exempel svepelektronmikroskopi (SEM) och energidispersiv röntgenspektroskopi (EDX), bör också användas för att bättre kunna kvantifiera mineralfaserna och bestämma vilka spårelement som är vanligast i specifika mineraler.<br>Godkänd; 2009; 20090320 (sildie); LICENTIATSEMINARIUM Ämnesområde: Avfallsteknik Examinator: Professor Anders Lagerkvist, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Fredag den 24 april 2009 kl 14.15 Plats: F 664f, Luleå tekniska universitet
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Sangam, Henri Pilakani. "Performance of HDPE geomembrane liners in landfill applications." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ58232.pdf.

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Evans, David Chasney. "Contaminant migration through intact and damaged clay liners." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361699.

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Herrmann, Inga. "Use of sedondary construction material in landfill cover liners." Licentiate thesis, Luleå : Luleå tekniska universitet/Samhällsbyggnad/Avfallsteknik, 2006. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1757/2006/65/LTU-LIC-0665-SE.pdf.

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Silver, Robert Kenneth. "The compaction and permeability performance of mineral landfill liners." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309630.

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Olsen, Gregory R. "Dimensional Stability of Geosynthetic Clay Liners in Landfill Applications." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/651.

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An investigation was conducted related to the dimensional stability of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) in landfill applications. Multiple occurrences of panel separation of overlap seams in GCLs have been documented; however, explanation for the relative contribution of various mechanisms causing shrinkage has been limited. A systematic test program was conducted to determine the effects of a variety of conditions on GCL dimensional stability. Effects of initial moisture content, permeant type, and overburden pressure were tested by subjecting various GCL products to wet-dry cycles and measuring the dimensional change with each cycle. Different GCL types were each tested under various combinations of initial moisture content (as-received, 50, 75, 100, and 125%), permeant types (tap water, distilled water, and 0.1 M CaCl2), and overburden pressures (0, 6, and 20 kPa). Thermal expansion tests were conducted by heating or cooling GCL test specimens to temperatures of 0, 10, 40, 60, and 80°C at constant moisture content. Subgrade tests were conducted by placing GCL test specimens on compacted clay and sand subgrades in different orientations and hydration conditions in sealed containers and measuring dimensional change over time. Mechanical necking tests were conducted by subjecting GCL specimens to varying levels of tension and measuring the longitudinal and transverse strains at each load increment. Field simulation tests were conducted by placing specimens on a compacted sand subgrade beneath an exposed geomembrane liner outdoors in late summer. Initial moisture content tests resulted in shrinkage strains as high as 20% after 20 wet-dry cycles. GCLs ranged from slightly anisotropic [approximately 1.1:1 ratio of machine (MD) to cross-machine (XMD) shrinkage] to highly anisotropic (approximately 3:1 ratio of MD to XMD shrinkage). Most combinations of GCL type and initial moisture content resulted in GCL MD shrinkage strains greater than a value that would cause panel separation (termed panel separation threshold, PST) at roll ends during the first wet-dry cycle. All test specimens contracted beyond the PST in the MD within 3 wet-dry cycles. GCL specimens without attached geomembranes contracted beyond the PST in the XMD within 5 cycles. Permeant type tests demonstrated that hydration with 0.1 M CaCl2 reduced shrinkage by 50-80% compared to permeation with tap water. Overburden tests demonstrated that applying 6 kPa and 20 kPa reduced specimen shrinkage by at least 60% and 80%, respectively. Thermal expansion tests indicated that temperature changes at constant moisture content had little effect on GCL dimensional stability. Subgrade tests demonstrated that subgrade type and moisture as well as GCL type and orientation had effects on dimensional stability. Tensile necking tests demonstrated that transverse shrinkage occurred due to tensile forces in GCLs, but shrinkage was nearly always less than PST. Field simulation tests demonstrated that wet-dry cycles in the field were less intense and/or less frequent than in the laboratory. Results of this testing provide a basis for GCL overlap specifications necessary to maintain full coverage and future research to confirm a suggested method of preconditioning bentonite to prevent shrinkage.
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Li, Belinda. "Perfluorinated compounds in landfill leachate and their effect on the performance of sodium bentonite landfill liners." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/37095.

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Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with potential major health and environmental concerns. PFCs are thermally and chemically stable, and do not readily degrade in the environment. PFCs have been detected in numerous environmental matrices, including surface water, ground water and sediment. PFCs are used for surface treatments for paper and textiles, industrial surfactants, insecticides and fire-fighting foams. Given their widespread use, products that contain PFCs have been, and continue to be disposed in landfills after their useful lives. Typical landfills have liners made of compacted clay (e.g. sodium bentonite) to prevent contaminants in leachate from migrating into the surrounding environment. Research was conducted to characterize geographic and temporal distributions of PFCs in landfill leachate in Canada and to investigate PFC retention on sodium bentonite. Landfill leachate was collected from 29 landfills across Canada and analyzed for up to 18 PFCs. PFCs were ubiquitous in landfill leachate samples from across Canada and varied considerably with concentrations, generally being lower in the North than in the South. At one landfill, PFCs were analyzed in landfill gas condensate and water from a nearby river. Concentrations in both of these matrices were less than the landfill leachate. At another landfill, PFCs in landfill leachate were monitored for five months. Some PFCs varied temporally, whereas others remained relatively constant. The temporal variations were attributed to the presence of PFC precursors. There were strong correlations between PFC precursors and corresponding major degradation end-products. PFCs of similar size were also well-correlated with each other. Batch adsorption tests were conducted in which sodium bentonite was contacted with water and landfill leachate spiked with PFCs to measure the sorption of PFCs on sodium bentonite. PFCs in landfill leachate do not readily bind to sodium bentonite. Leaching cell tests were conducted in which compacted sand-bentonite admix columns were permeated with water, landfill leachate and PFC spiked landfill leachate. Similar hydraulic conductivity values were produced under each condition, indicating that PFCs do not significantly compromise the performance of bentonite liners. The sand-bentonite admix also appears to retain PFCs under the leaching cell test conditions.
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Marx, David Hercules. "The optimal placement of geogrid reinforcement in landfill clay liners." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60633.

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Continued population growth is placing strain on the waste disposal facilities available in South Africa. However, limited air space suitable for landfilling drives the need for alternative solutions such as piggyback landfills to expand the waste disposal capacity. This method entails building a new, fully lined, landfill on top of existing waste. However, the old underlying waste is prone settlement that can result in the cracking of new landfill clay liner. Geogrid reinforcement have been successfully used in clay liners to mitigate cracking induced by waste settlement. This research focused on investigating of the optimal reinforcement strategy (ORS) of such a liner subject to settlement. The ORS entails the optimal position for geogrid reinforcement in a liner, and the stiffness to be used at that position, given a total reinforcement cost. Firstly, the fracture behaviour of unreinforced clay liners was investigated by means of four point bending tests on clay beams. It was found that the fracture of this clay occurred in three stages: linear behaviour, followed by non-linear behaviour when micro-cracks forms and finally macro-cracks that opened once the peak load was reached. Thereafter, the behaviour of geogrid-reinforced clay liners, subjected to differential settlement, was investigated with finite element analyses in ABAQUS. A number of key factors were varied and the resulting change in behaviour of the liners was observed. These were: the overburden stress applied, clay liner thickness, magnitude of central settlement and the width and shape of the settlement trough developing in the underlying waste body. Based on the numerical results, a series of plane-strain centrifuge tests of reinforced clay liners subject to differential settlement were designed. An unreinforced liner, a liner reinforced at the bottom quarter, a liner reinforced at the top quarter and a liner reinforced at both the bottom and top quarters were tested. Laser scanner scans of the surface and strains calculated from digital image velocimetry results were used to compare the behaviour of the liners. Based on these results it is recommended that for optimal performance the available reinforcement should be divided between the top and bottom quarters of the liner to mitigate the effect of settlement.<br>Volgehoude bevolkingsgroei in Suid-Afrika plaas bestaande rommelstortingsfasiliteite onder druk. ’n Tekort aan grond geskik vir die bou van stortingsterreine moedig die soektog na alternatiewe oplossings soos abba-stortingsterreine aan. Hierdie metode behels ’n splinternuwe stortingsterrein wat bo-op bestaande rommel gebou word. Versakking van die bestaande rommel kan egter veroorsaak dat krake vorm in die nuwe stortingsterrein se kleivoering wat daarop lê. Vorige navorsing het die vorming van krake in die kleivoerings al welgeslaagd verhoed deur van georoosters as versterking gebruik te maak. Die huidige studie het op daardie navorsing gebou deur die optimale versterkings strategie (OVS) te bepaal vir so ’n kleivoering wat vervorm onder versakking van die onderliggende rommel. Die OVS definieer beide die optimale versterkings posisie in ’n kleivoering, en die styfheid van die georooster wat in daardie posisie geplaas moet word, gegewe ’n sekere totale versterkingskoste. Eerstens was daar ondersoek ingestel na die kraakgedrag van onversterkte kleivoerings. Vierpuntbuigtoetse van kleibalkies was hiervoor gebruik. Die krake het oor drie fases gevorm: eerstens was daar lineêre gedrag tot en met mikro-krake gevorm het. Dit is gevolg deur nie-lineêre gedrag wat gelei het tot makro-krake. Sodra die makro-krake gevorm het, is die maksimum las bereik wat die klei kon ondersteun. Na afloop van die balkbuigtoetse was eindige element analises in ABAQUS uitgevoer om die gedrag van versterkte kleivoerings wat bo-op versakkende afval lê te ondersoek. Die spanning toegepas op die oppervlak van die kleivoerings, die dikte van die kleivoerings en die versakkingstrogwydte, -vorm en -diepte was gevarieer om die effek daarvan op die gedrag van die kleivoerings te ondersoek. Na aanleiding van die resultate van die numeriese analise is ’n reeks sentrifuge toetse van kleivoerings wat aan versakking onderwerp word uitgevoer. ’n Onversterkte kleivoering, kleivoerings versterk in die boonste en onderste kwarte, en een versterk in beide die boonste en onderste kwart was getoets. Die gedrag van die verskillende kleivoerings was vergelyk deur die oppervlaktekrake op te meet met ’n laserskandeerder. Verder is die vervorming van die kleivoerings bepaal vanaf die verplasing van die grondpartikels tussen opeenvolgende digitale foto’s. Na aanleiding van hierdie resultate word dit aanbeveel dat die beskikbare georooster versterking opgedeel moet word tussen die boonste en onderste kwart van die kleivoerings ten einde optimale gedrag te verseker indien versakking sou plaasvind.<br>Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2017.<br>Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD)<br>Geosynthetics Interest Group of South Africa (GIGSA)<br>National Research Foundation of South Africa (NRF)<br>Civil Engineering<br>MEng<br>Unrestricted
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Elliott, Scott. "The evaluation and improvement of mineral liners for landfill leachate containment." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313107.

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Books on the topic "Landfill liners"

1

W, Brown Kirk, and Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Laboratory, eds. Quantification of leak rates through holes in landfill liners. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Laboratory, 1987.

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Bright, Mildred Ivamide. Attenuation of leachate organic micropollutants by geochemically designed high attenuation landfill liners. University of Birmingham, 1997.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Technology Innovation Office, ed. Leak detection for landfill liners: Overview of tools for vadose zone monitoring. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Technology Innovation Office, 1998.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Technology Innovation Office., ed. Leak detection for landfill liners: Overview of tools for vadose zone monitoring. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Technology Innovation Office?, 1998.

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Hix, Karen. Leak detection for landfill liners: Overview of tools for vadose zone monitoring. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Technology Innovation Office, 1998.

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Salim, Imad Ali. Modeling the sorption and transport of heavy metals through landfill clay liners. UMI dissertation services, 1997.

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Darkin, Matthew Grummant. Influence of anaerobic microbial conditions on the passage of leachate through clay landfill liners. University of Portsmouth, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 2001.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency, ed. Leak, Detection For Landfill Liners... Overview Of Tools For Vadose Zone Monitoring... U.S. Environmental Protection Agency... August 1998. s.n., 1999.

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Krapac, Ivan G. Construction, monitoring, and performance of two soil liners. Illinois State Geological Survey, 1991.

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Darilek, Glenn T. The electrical leak location method for geomembrane liners. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Laboratory, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Landfill liners"

1

Rowe, R. Kerry, and Yan Yu. "Tensile Strains in Geomembrane Landfill Liners." In Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Ground Improvement and Geosynthetics. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0122-3_1.

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Jayasekera, Samudra. "Toward Sustainable Design of Landfill Clay Liners." In Sustainability in the Mineral and Energy Sectors. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315369853-19.

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Moussai, Belkacem. "Permeability Control of Compacted Landfill Liners and Covers." In Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics Volume 2. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2224-2_63.

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Santhosh, Krishna, G. Sanoop, Sobha Cyrus, and Benny Mathews Abraham. "The Suitability of Marine Clay–Zeolite Mix as Landfill Liners." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5644-9_9.

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Gourc, J. P., and H. N. Pitanga. "Geosynthetic liners on landfill cover slope: Possible reinforcement of the stability of veneer soil layer." In New Horizons in Earth Reinforcement. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416753-104.

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Bayoumi, S., H. El-Karamany, and D. El-Monayeri. "Hydraulic stability of sanitary landfills liners." In Geotechnics for Developing Africa. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211174-2.

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Macari, Emir J., and Carlos H. Ortíz-Gómez. "Impermeable Barrier Liners in Containment Type Landfills." In Environmental Biotechnology and Cleaner Bioprocesses. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003417163-6.

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Amalu, P. A., and Ajitha B. Bhaskar. "Effect of Clay-Embedded Zeolite as Landfill Liner." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6237-2_68.

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Kavya, K. S., and A. R. Ajitha. "Microbially Treated Lateritic Soil as a Landfill Liner Material." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2260-1_8.

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Pu, Hefu, Jinwei Qiu, Junjie Zheng, and Rongjun Zhang. "Effect of Liner Consolidation on Contaminant Transport Through a Landfill Bottom Liner System." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97115-5_88.

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Conference papers on the topic "Landfill liners"

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Wysocka, Małgorzata E., and Katarzyna Zabielska-Adamska. "Impact of Protective Barriers on Groundwater Quality." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.063.

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The storage yard’s leak-proof protection should be achieved by means of independent protective barriers in the form of geological barriers, artificial sealing layers, mineral soil liners and covers, as well as sidewall sealing. Some years ago, construction and exploitation of landfill sites in Poland took place without any guidelines and legal regulations. Landfills, especially situated in rural areas, were quite often constructed directly on the grounds, e.g. in former aggregate excavations, without any protection. Examples of the municipal landfills, located in the sites of adverse geological conditions were presented in this paper. The effect of existence or absence of geological barriers on the groundwater quality was carried out. In tested landfills, higher concentrations of groundwater pollution indicators were found in landfill monitoring wells located on the outlet of these waters, in comparison to the landfill monitoring wells located on their supply. In the case of the landfills situated directly on the soils of high hydraulic conductivity, the indicators of negative influence of deposited landfills increased even after the closing of the landfill sites. Subsurface water-bearing layer is a kind of “indicator” giving information about the harmful effect of landfills on the environment, and the need to take remedial actions.
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Bani Baker, M. "Investigating the influence of alternative fuels on the properties of sand-bentonite liners." In Advanced Topics in Mechanics of Materials, Structures and Construction. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902592-70.

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Abstract. Landfills are one of the most effective ways utilized to dispose the wastes and usable up today, most of their failures were suspected due to the failure of their protecting natural liners. Landfill liners failure is one of the most problematic issues that face engineers and expose governments, societies, and the environment to high costs. Protection of groundwater requires that natural landfill liner structure be able to reserve its properties in harsh conditions and over a long period. However, the composition of disposed of residuals might change in the following contemporary trends and it could contain alternative fuels and their impact on natural liners requires further investigations. This paper focuses on the changes in sand-bentonite liner due to the interaction and infiltration of hydrocarbon liquids (alternative fuels); biofuel and ethanol-fuel. In this investigation, an experimental program was carried out to examine the influence of chemical properties of alternative fuels on the hydraulic conductivity, erodibility, swelling potential and shrinkage behaviour of natural liners. Series of laboratory tests were conducted in 20 cm-high PVC columns to investigate the hydraulic conductivity of the liners, swelling behaviour of bentonite when subjected to water, biofuel or ethanol-fuel was assessed by oedometer tests, and shrinking behaviour and cracking patterns of samples taken from the PVC columns were examined employing digital photo analysis. The results can be useful in designing liners, barriers as well in assessing the behaviour of clayey soil in case of accidental spills or intentional discharges.
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Lu, Haijun. "The effect of landfill leachate pH to pollutants transport through landfill liners." In 2010 2nd International Conference on Education Technology and Computer (ICETC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetc.2010.5529548.

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Hoor, A., and R. K. Rowe. "Application of Thermal Insulation in Landfill Liners." In Geo-Frontiers Congress 2011. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41165(397)106.

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Miller, Carol J., Saad Merayyan, and Nazli Yesiller. "Unsaturated Performance Comparison of Compacted Clay Landfill Liners." In Geo-Denver 2000. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40510(287)37.

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García, P. M., and J. Vega-Galaz. "Validating LFG Generation Model With Recovery Rates From Mexican Landfills." In ASME 2013 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2013-98029.

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Landfill gas (LFG) recovery predictions obtained using Mexico Landfill Gas Model 2.0 were compared to LFG recovery rates from the two biggest landfills in Mexico (Mexico City Landfill called “Bordo Poniente” and Monterrey City Landfill “SIMEPRODE”.). The corresponding landfill characteristics (e.g. leachate levels and handling; use of covers and/or liners, compaction procedures, etc.) where analyzed and considered for the modeling in both cases, resulting in recovery efficiency rates and correction factors for each site. For Mexico City landfill, a pumping test was performed for a period of 25 days during a bidding process, started by Mexico City Government. 11 extraction wells were installed for the test along with a blower-flare system, with a capacity of 1,000 m3/hr. During the test period, individual well measurements were taken every 4 hours obtaining information such as: gas composition (CH4, CO2 and O2), vacuum pressure and gas temperature. Also a main measurement was taken every 4 hours at the blower-flare system in which obtained the total LFG flow in addition to the above information. Modeling results for Mexico City landfill show a good accuracy (below the actual recovery rate obtained during the test). For Monterrey City landfill, the recovery rates were obtained from the historical data from the LFG to energy (LFGTE) project running since 2003 by BENLESA. Only the information between 2009 and 2012 were considered due to the last expansion of the plant to 16 generators, 1.06 MW each. Modeling results for Monterrey City landfill, overestimated the actual LFG recovery for the last 4 years including 2012. The causes for the difference between modeled and actual recovery rates for both landfills were analyzed and recommendations to improve the modeling results and the recovery rates were made.
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Southen, J. M., and R. K. Rowe. "Thermally Induced Desiccation of Geosynthetic Clay Liners in Landfill Basal Liner Applications." In Geo-Frontiers Congress 2005. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40789(168)5.

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Khire, Milind V., Mazen Haydar, and Moumita Mukherjee. "Liquid Head on Landfill Liners Due to Leachate Recirculation." In GeoCongress 2006. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40803(187)280.

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Goldenberg, Marat, and Krishna Reddy. "Evaluation of Prototype Geosynthetic Clay Liners in Landfill Cover Applications." In Geo-Chicago 2016. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480144.039.

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Purdy, Scott, and Vince Suryasasmita. "Comparison of Hydraulic Conductivity Test Methods for Landfill Clay Liners." In GeoShanghai International Conference 2006. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40860(192)42.

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Reports on the topic "Landfill liners"

1

Daley, P. Phase II Fort Ord Landfill Demonstration Task 8 - Refinement of In-line Instrumental Analytical Tools to Evaluate their Operational Utility and Regulatory Acceptance. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/899380.

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Jung, Jacob, Michael Guilfoyle, Austin Davis, Christina Saltus, Eric Britzke, and Richard Fischer. Threatened, endangered, and at-risk species for consideration into climate change models in the Northeast. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42143.

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This special report provides a selection process for choosing priority species using the specific focus of high-elevation, forested habitats in the North Atlantic to demonstrate the process. This process includes criteria for choosing invasive species to incorporate into models, given the predicted spread of invasive plant species because of climate change. Discussed in this report are the US Army Corps of Engineers’ Threatened and Endangered Species Team portal, the US Fish and Wildlife Service’s Information for Planning and Consultation Portal, the nonprofit organization Partners in Flight’s watch list, the US Geological Survey’s Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation model, and NatureServe’s interagency effort Landfire. The data linked this montane habitat with a species of conservation concern, Cartharus bicknelli and the endangered squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus as target species and with Elaeagnus umbellate, Robinia pseudoacacia, Rhamnus cathartica, and Acer planoides as invasive species. Incorporating these links into the climate change framework developed by Davis et al. (2018) will create predictive models for the impacts of climate change on TER-S, which will affect land management decisions in the region.
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