Academic literature on the topic 'Landscape architecture Land use'
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Journal articles on the topic "Landscape architecture Land use"
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Schrader, Charles C. "LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND LAND-USE PLANNING." Landscape Journal 16, no. 2 (1997): 202–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/lj.16.2.202.
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Mareček, J. "Folk landscape architecture as a significant value of Czech landscape." Horticultural Science 34, No. 1 (January 7, 2008): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1846-hortsci.
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In the past the image of Czech countryside was created by agricultural and social activities of the rural population in a significant manner. These activities related to natural elements and to the creation of landscape in a wider sense can be described as folk landscape architecture. Its object is mainly the spatial arrangement and assortment composition of vegetation and its functionality in villages and in their landscape environment. This study defines these activities as time limited regional (local) customary practices of agricultural and cultural and social character, reflected especially in the spatial arrangement and assortment composition of vegetation elements. Vegetation and other natural elements are evaluated as functional singularities and as functional systems in relation to particular structures, type of village pattern and state of the surrounding landscape. Besides the methodical categorisation of evaluated objects principles for their use in different forms of land-use planning are defined. A significant result of this study is the definition of landscape architecture as a phenomenon of the rural population lifestyle in which not only the past but also the future of rural landscape is reflected.
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Ma, Jian Wu, Qian Zhang, and Jun Duo Guan. "Enlightment of American Green Land Rainwater Management Art to Chinese Modern Landscape Architecture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 422–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.422.
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Abstract：Green lands are natural rainwater management facilities. Natural landscapes manage rainfall through a combination of evapotranspiration, infiltration, and runoff. Artful rainwater management is emulating nature split-flow rainwater in the processes of collection, conveyance and retention. Through artful design, the rainwater management facility will become a kind of site amenity that has varied values, functions, attributes. This paper introduces the American rainwater management theories and practices, proposes that the Chinese landscape architecture planning idea and design methodology should be changed. That is to use green land as natural rainwater management facility, to put the rainwater management into the procedure of landscape architecture planning and design, to ensure enough permeable area, to take measures to collect, filter and purify impervious surface runoff, to display the rainwater management process, to show the various values of drainage system. Based on the rainwater management, new Chinese modern landscape architecture model is put forward.
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Qiong, Liu. "Vernacular Architectural Culture Versus Concession in the Late Qings Dynasty: The Case of Tianjin and Shanghai." Open House International 42, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2017-b0014.
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During the late Qing Dynasty, Western colonists plundered and divided the land as concession where they consequently built European and American architectures. These architectures, such as concession garden architectures, are a result of relevant cultural exchange. Thus, concession garden architectural culture should be studied. In this study, the historical records of the concession and the concession garden in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China were examined on the basis of the representative architectures of Shanghai and Tianjin in China. The origin, classification, characteristic, and development of the concession garden architecture were regarded as the starting point, and the characteristics of the garden architecture in different regions were discovered. Further insights into the development of conservation concession garden buildings in China and the use of modern landscape architectures were provided, and new perspectives for studies on concession landscape architectures were presented through an in-depth understanding and analysis of concession landscape architectures.
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Coppetti, Barbara. "Architettura e paesaggio tra prossimità e distanza." TERRITORIO, no. 63 (December 2012): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2012-063018.
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The paper starts from the idea of the architectural nature of the landscape with the intention or revealing the figurative quality of mediocre contemporary landscapes, in relation to the search for meaning which design must confer on specific and close places. It is possible through architecture, even in a rarefied urban context, to research and propose new dynamic and changeable rules for urban planning. The scenarios proposed for the use of public land at Tor Bella Monaca are intended to highlight the relationship between the dimensions of architecture and those of the landscape: by reconsidering the density of the gap between Tor Bella Monaca and Torre Angela along the western edge; by designing new transverse areas to connect the neighbourhood internally; by working on the dialogue between the open courtyards along the eastern edge and the landscape of the Agro Romano countryside which runs into it.
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Butorac, Valerija, and Nenad Buzjak. "Landscape research in Croatia from 1945 to 2019." Hrvatski geografski glasnik/Croatian Geographical Bulletin 83, no. 1 (2021): 25–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21861/hgg.2021.83.01.02.
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In Croatia, as elsewhere, significant changes have occurred in the landscape over time, due to changes in land use, climate change, and general anthropogenic activities. Accordingly, the need for deeper and more intensive understanding of landscape properties has arisen, in order to ensure adequate land management and protection. The aim of this study is to give an overview of the state of scientific landscape research in Croatia, and determine the stakeholders, methodologies, various research topics, and degree of research and knowledge regarding Croatia’s landscapes. Over the past decade, there has been an increased interest in landscape research, with two clear landscape research approaches emerging: geographic approach and (landscape) architecture approach, that differ in terms of the issues examined, methodologies applied, and spatial context.
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Iqbal, Saira. "Impact of Environment on Architecture of Mesopotamia with Respect to the Use of Materials, Tools and Mode of Construction." Academic Research Community publication 1, no. 1 (September 18, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/archive.v1i1.111.
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Through architectural and engineering skills, humanity leaves its mark upon the earth. Urbanization started from Mesopotamia in west Asia where the Mesopotamian societies flourished. They evolved into various landscapes from the metal-rich highlands and elevations of southeastern Turkey to the Syrian deserts, from the woodmen of the Levant to the bogs of southern Iraq. Mesopotamian civilization, along with its architecture, survived more than three thousand years. The architecture of the Mesopotamian civilization is not only portentous in its outlook and proficient in planning, but it’s also considered rational and technical with respect to its environment.The civilization was very first of its kind, having technology and urban settlements that laid the foundation of future modern settlements. It considered the region's environment and climate as pivotal in the development of its culture and architecture.This study discusses how the people, consciously or unconsciously, shaped the land or landscape around them in relation to their environment. This study is both basic and applied, according to architectural research methods. By content, the research in this article is according to the process of design and construction and the data in this research will be analyzed morphologically and technically. The Mesopotamian people used mud bricks, aqueducts, wooden beams, Archimedes screw, courtyard and tripartite houses. The study in this article proves that all these constructions and the techniques used were according to their environmental and climatic conditions.
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Bugár, Gabriel, Zuzana Pucherová, and Katarína Veselovská. "Mosaic Landscape Structures in Relation to the Land Use of Nitra District." Ekológia (Bratislava) 39, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 277–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eko-2020-0022.
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AbstractMosaic landscape structures with traditional forms of land use are currently the most important landscape features, especially from the point of landscape and cultural-historical perspective. Their typical features are the alternation of the areas of narrow-field fields, meadow vegetation and permanent cultures, especially vineyards and orchards. Their presence in the territory is mainly related to the rich vineyard and fruit-growing tradition. On the territory of the Nitra district, we record the most extensive mosaic landscape structures from the south to the north-eastern part. These are heterogeneous units, typical of the rotation of small-area land management, scattered by non-woody vegetation and habitat. In the mosaic landscape structures, we also find elements of the traditional settlement architecture of the houses ‘hajloch’. Significant landscape elements in the form of mosaic structures survive thanks to the rich viniculture tradition. In the long run, however, there are changes in their use: they are often the subject of inheritance, they are converted into holiday homes or they are used for the needs of an expanding residential development. The aim of our study is to point out the dynamic and changes that occurred in the mosaic landscape structures between the two-time horizons (the 50s of the 20th century and the present). For this purpose, we use geospatial analysis to evaluate their area representation, spatial characteristics in relation to the surrounding settlement structure and selected properties of relief forms. The analysis and evaluation of the spatial diversity of mosaic landscape structures as important landscape elements play a significant role in protecting the natural and cultural heritage values of the area from the aspect of species diversity and rich gene pool, visual perception of the landscape, preservation of ecological stability of landscape, landscape potential and overall landscape diversity.
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Mira, J. A., M. Bevià, and J. Giner. "CASTALLA (ALICANTE, SPAIN) VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE: USE, LOSS, OBLIVION AND MEMORY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-M-1-2020 (July 24, 2020): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-m-1-2020-73-2020.
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Abstract. Vernacular architecture is a reflection of the relationship established by human social structures with their environment and how they take advantage of it for different commercial, economic, productive, pleasure and symbolic-religious purposes. The municipality of Castalla, located in the north of the province of Alicante, is a good example. It is an enclave in which the land use took place from Prehistory thanks to the human communities that mould its landscape. This process was intensified since the eighteenth century with building of pleasure houses, yards, plaster kilns, country houses (in many cases with small chapels) and snow wells, among other constructions. All of them made up a well-preserved landscape until the end of the twentieth century. Its decline took place with the industrialisation of Castalla in the middle of the twentieth century and the emergence of new socio-economic conditions. Consequently, this fact caused the abandonment as well as the oblivion of the material and immaterial characteristics that led to its appearance. This paper will analyse the characteristics of one of these constructions: Casa de la Glorieta (nineteenth century), which is an interesting example of rural buildings in Castalla. In most cases, they are austere country houses aimed basically at the land use. Nevertheless, Casa de la Glorieta (neoclassical style) becomes an ensemble with a double function along with Mas de la Parrotja: to take advantage of the environment and to serve as a pleasure house for the local bourgeoisie.
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Sunguroğlu Hensel, Defne. "Data-Driven Research on Ecological Prototypes for Green Architecture: Enabling Urban Intensification and Restoration through Agricultural Hybrids." Dimensions 1, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/dak-2021-0106.
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Editorial Summary In »Data-Driven Research on Ecological Prototypes for Green Architecture« Defne Sunguroğlu Hensel introduces a design research attempt to the field of environment design, landscape, architecture, and green technologies in the context of urbanization, questioning the interrelation of architectural buildings and ecological, agricultural, and natural free space. This research proposes their inclusive interplay, aiming to dissolve the notion of construction as a driving force of land degradation and instead emphasizing its potential to facilitate green infrastructures in the realm of the built environment. Green constructions are described as a reasonable interlocking of architectural basic structures and their agricultural or horticultural use. She analyzes historically proven examples, underlining their contemporary potentials for adaptation and transition. [Katharina Voigt]
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Landscape architecture Land use"
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Asmal, Saudah. "Living on the land: redesigning land use relationships in the Philippi Horticultural Area." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22943.
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Since the mid-1800's the Philippi Horticultural Area (PHA) has been of agricultural significance to Cape Town, producing food for the city. The Area also forms part of the remnant floodplain, and is essential in maintaining the recharge of the Cape Flats Aquifer, an important water source for Cape Town. Conflicting land use agendas are the major threat to resources in the PHA. Besides agriculture, there is an increasing demand on the City of Cape Town to provide housing in close proximity to the city centre. In light of this, re-zoning land in the PHA is being considered. While rezoning will address the demand for housing, it will put even further pressure on the current natural systems and water resources, as well as the historic presence of agriculture in the PHA. A new approach is required using landscape-based urban design to tackle what would usually be a planning predicament. Densification and development could be viable if they do not impact or encroach on the natural systems and agricultural land in the area, but rather help to sustain them. This requires introducing development typologies that work within the existing landscape and reconfiguring urban form to facilitate positive interfaces with both natural and agricultural systems. This project investigates integrating land use and experimentation with landscape and urban morphology as design tools in reconciling agendas, securing the agricultural and water resources in the PHA. The structuring land uses utilised are the urban fabric, agricultural land, natural systems and public open space. These are explored through a combination of geo-spatial mapping, collages, and a series of typologies that interrogate land use relationships in the PHA. Experimentation at multiple scales was used, a smaller area being used as a prototype for the larger area. Property lines significantly inform the framework for development, with consolidation and subdivision being the main tools for intervention. The project will re-organise the PHA in a way that enables mutually supportive land-use relationships, to secure the natural resources and function of the PHA while facilitating necessary development.
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Chan, Chun-ho, and 陳雋浩. "Permascape: is landscape infrastructure a solution to the rapid transformation in rural-urban landscape ofmegacities?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47541544.
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Clark, James Dean 1964. "A framework for modeling and simulating spatial dynamics." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277073.
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This work develops a conceptual framework for modeling and simulating spatial dynamics. The framework links modeling of time variability with spatial variability. With current modeling in environmental analysis taking place at the discrete level (modeling fire, hiker behavior, or watershed run-off), it is the task of this thesis to provide a conceptual framework for integration of these discrete components in a systems like simulation environment for modeling their interactions through time. It explores the utility of the discrete event simulation framework developed by Zeigler (1976, 1984) for linking different environmental models in an interactive environment. It expands Zeigler's framework by linking cellular automata methodology to the discrete event methodology. Finally, this thesis demonstrates event modeling and simulation concepts used in the framework.
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Preszler, Blake Anthony. "Off-ramp architectural opportunity in the mobile landscape /." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/preszler/PreszlerB0509.pdf.
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Gehring, Jake. "Modus operandi within landscapes wasted through attrition." PDF viewer required Home page for entire collection, 2008. http://archives.udmercy.edu:8080/dspace/handle/10429/9.
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Joseph, Robert B. "Visual analysis : an empirical evaluation of design guidelines for downhill ski trails and mountain support facilities." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15038.
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Farley, Joshua C. "Preserving land within Riley County and Manhattan, Kansas: conservationist and developer approaches to land planning." Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15850.
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Master of Landscape ArchitectureDepartment of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Laurence A. Clement, Jr.
Increasing population in Manhattan, Kansas and rising enrollment at Kansas State University have increased the interest in establishing new residences and commercial businesses within the city limits. Locations for development include the revitalization of Manhattan’s south end and sites adjacent to Seth Child Road, US Highway 24, and K-177. Recent development patterns in Manhattan, such as residential development near Wildcat Creek, have resulted in severe environmental impacts. While most development enhances existing land use patterns, undeveloped natural areas along K-177 present several environmental opportunities and restraints that must be assessed and well-planned for to accommodate projected growth in a sustainable way. Topography, existing vegetation, drainage networks, wildlife habitats, and proximity to the Kansas River contribute to limitations in development along and extending from K-177. This proximity and resulting development could reduce existing wildlife habitat, plant species, and the overall health of Manhattan’s and the surrounding area’s air, soil and water quality. Developmental strategies are needed to ensure the conservation of sensitive ecosystems and to direct development to the most suitable areas. After conducting an inventory of the land’s natural resources and land use patterns, two suitability models were created to express areas most suitable for development based on two sets of values; conservation-minded and developer-minded. As sites for development were located and assessed, a trail suitability model was then created to express potential connections between new and old development and to show links to other significant destinations. This trail system also establishes greenway selection criteria, aiming to further protect remaining natural areas while providing a public amenity. Fulfillment of the goals and objectives of the Gateway to Manhattan Plan (GMP), establishes development suitability through a conservationist approach to ensure significant preservation of land. Such an approach and related conservation strategies are then discussed to act as a platform for decision making as lands along K-177 are developed. The trail suitability study and proposed greenway network provide solutions for meeting the GMP’s goals of establishing multi-modal connectivity along and across K-177 while conserving environmental resources. In addition to controlling development patterns, these greenways will act as conduits for wildlife, help maintain or enhance air, soil and water quality, protect endangered flora and fauna, and provide recreational amenities while minimizing overall negative environmental impacts.
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Tricarico, Anthony Richard. "Environmental Legacies of Pre-Contact and Historic Land Use in Antigua, West Indies." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7975.
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Hurricanes Irma and Maria have recently demonstrated once again the susceptibility of contemporary populations across the Caribbean to climate-driven events. For islands such as Antigua in the eastern Caribbean, this vulnerability is partly a legacy of prior land use. As such, the actions of pre-Contact and historic period inhabitants are intertwined with contemporary socio-ecological challenges faced by Antiguans today. This research sought to understand the relationship between land use and land degradation from ca. AD 100 to the present in eastern Antigua utilizing two markers of anthropic activity: soil stability and soil quality. Specifically, this research sought to examine how past anthropogenic actions have shaped landscape dynamics across two regions (Ayer’s Creek Basin and Indian Creek Basin), where archaeological research has revealed a long-term, continuous sequence of occupation dating back 2,000 years. Prior research suggests that contemporary environmental challenges in both regions may be linked to prior land management practices. However, it is unknown to what extent historical land use and its interactions with local geomorphology account for these challenges. The main research question was: In what ways and to what extent has past land use (as recorded archaeologically) impacted the landscape (as recorded by soil stability and soil quality) in the Ayer’s Creek and Indian Creek Basins in eastern Antigua? This research determined that contemporary soil erosion and soil quality loss may be attributed to historic land management practices, but mitigating these challenges is impeded by local perceptions of soil health.
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Bacon, Kevin L. Jr. "Terra fluxus urban design in the wake of deindustrialization /." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24723.
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Kvarfordt, Kristofor Lee. "Planning for Closure of the Logan City/Cache County Landfill and Surrounding Landscape." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/732.
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Planning for closure requires in depth analysis into many operational, environmental, and social factors. Ideally, the planning process should resolve as many of the technical, social, and aesthetic requirements as possible by systematically addressing the various elements that influence the final design. This research identified the significant issues related to planning for the end use of the current Logan landfill after it reaches capacity in 18-20 years and the associated lagoons and wetlands. The current closure plan calls for simply recontouring the landfill to stabilize the slopes, then revegetating. The location of the site has serious implications for environmental impact yet offers positive opportunities for consideration of alternative end uses.
Books on the topic "Landscape architecture Land use"
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Dramstad, Wenche E. Landscape ecology principles in landscape architecture and land-use planning. [Cambridge? Mass.]: Harvard University Graduate School of Design, 1996.
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The living landscape: An ecological approach to landscape planning. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2008.
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Steiner, Frederick R. The living landscape: An ecological approach to landscape planning. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991.
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Field, Harry L. Landscape surveying. Clifton Park, NY: Thomson/Delmar Learning, 2004.
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Maria de Assunção Ribeiro Franco. Desenho ambiental: Uma introdução à arquitetura da paisagem com o paradigma ecológico. São Paulo, Brazil: Annablume editora, 1997.
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Pärdi, Heiki, Maris Jõks, and Elo Lutsepp. Maaarhitektuur ja maastik: Rural architecture and rural landscape. [Tallinn]: Eesti Vabaõhumuuseum, 2012.
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W, Starke Barry, ed. Landscape architecture: A manual of environmental planning and design. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006.
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Landscape architecture: A manual of site planning and design. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Landscape architecture Land use"
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Nieman, T. J., and Z. R. Merkin. "Pre-Mining Planning for Post-Mining Land Use: Applying Principles of Comprehensive Planning and Landscape Architecture to Reclamation." In Agronomy Monographs, 667–86. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr41.c26.
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Güneralp, Burak. "Land-Use and Land-Cover Change (LULCC)." In Landscape and Land Capacity, 55–67. Second edition. | Boca Raton: CRC Press, [2020] | Revised edition of: Encyclopedia of natural resources. [2014].: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429445552-9.
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Voghera, Angioletta. "Land Use Indicators for Landscape Assessment." In Landscape Indicators, 141–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0366-7_7.
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Galan, Juanjo. "Landscape and Land-Use Plan." In Sectoral Plans and Pilot Projects for Sustainable Development, 23–116. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05360-4_2.
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de Groot, Rudolf, and Lars Hein. "Concept and valuation of landscape functions at different scales." In Multifunctional Land Use, 15–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36763-5_2.
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Bürgi, Matthias, Anna M. Hersperger, Marcus Hall, Emiliy W. B. (Russell) Southgate, and Nina Schneeberger. "Using the Past to Understand the Present Land Use and Land Cover." In Landscape Series, 133–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4436-6_9.
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Haubold, Herbert, and Jan Feranec. "Chapter 1 Overview of Land Cover and Land Use Monitoring Programs." In European Landscape Dynamics, 1–8. 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315372860-2.
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Shi, Xun, and Qingsheng Yang. "Ecological Security: Land Use Pattern and Simulation Modeling." In Landscape and Land Capacity, 355–59. Second edition. | Boca Raton: CRC Press, [2020] | Revised edition of: Encyclopedia of natural resources. [2014].: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429445552-45.
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Bičík, Ivan, Jan Kabrda, and Jiří Najman. "Land-Use Changes Along the Iron Curtain in Czechia." In Landscape Modelling, 71–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3052-8_6.
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Bičík, Ivan, Jiří Anděl, and Martin Balej. "Landscape Function Transformations with Relation to Land-Use Changes." In Landscape Modelling, 87–103. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3052-8_7.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Landscape architecture Land use"
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"The Threatened Historic Urban Landscape and Land -Use Planning for the Derevenk Valley in Kayseri, Turkey." In International Conference on Green Buildings, Civil and Architecture Engineering. Universal Researchers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/ur.u1215326.
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Pukowiec-Kurda, Katarzyna, and Urszula Myga-Piatek. "Application of New Methods of Environment Analysis and Assessment in Landscape Audits – Case Studies of Urban Areas Like Czestochowa, Poland." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.116.
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Following the 2000 European Landscape Convention, a new act strengthening landscape protection instruments has been in force since 2015. It sets forth legal aspects of landscape shaping (Dziennik Ustaw 2015, poz. 774) and introduces landscape audits at the province level. A landscape audit consists in identification and characterization of selected landscapes, assessment of their value, selection of so-called priority landscapes and identification of threats for preservation of their value. An audit complies with GIS standards. Analyses use source materials, i.e. digital maps of physical-geographical mesoregions, current topographic maps of digital resources of cartographic databases, latest orthophotomaps and DTMs, maps of potential vegetation, geobotanic regionalization, historic-cultural regionalization and natural landscape types, documentation of historical and cultural values and related complementary resources. A special new methodology (Solon et al. 2014), developed for auditing, was tested in 2015 in an urban area (Myga-Piatek et al. 2015). Landscapes are characterized by determining their analytic (natural and cultural) and synthetic features, with particular focus on the stage of delimitation and identification of landscape units in urban areas. Czestochowa was selected as a case study due to its large natural (karst landscapes of the Czestochowa Upland, numerous forests, nature reserves) and cultural (Saint Mary’s Sanctuary, unique urban architecture) potential. Czestochowa is also a city of former iron ore and mineral resources exploitation, still active industry, dynamic urban sprawl within former farming areas, and dynamically growing tourism. Landscape delimitation and identification distinguished 75 landscape units basing on uniform landscape background (uniform cover and use of the land). Landscape assessment used a new assessment method for anthropogenic transformation of landscape – the indicator describing the correlation between the mean shape index (MSI) and the Shannon diversity index (SHDI) (Pukowiec-Kurda, Sobala 2016). Particular threats and planning suggestions, useful in development of urban areas, were presented for selected priority landscapes.
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Aramouny, Carla, and Sandra Rishani. "Apparatuses & Constructed Narratives: The Imaginary Life Of Cappadocia." In 2016 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2016.27.
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This paper presents the work done during a Vertical Design studio, held at the Department of Architecture and Design in Beirut, and discusses the studio design methods that evoke experimental model making and narrative programming. The work presented develops on themes of locality, landscapes as systems of reference for design, physical constructs as inherent design machines, and fictional narratives as programming devices. Through the use of complex drawings and dynamic models, the studio intervened on the region of Cappadocia in Turkey, with its complex land formations, proposing new visions for a unique site where architecture and landscape coalesce.
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Fatta, Francesca, Andrea Marraffa, and Claudio Patanè. "Geometrie dello sguardo nel paesaggio calabrese." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11543.
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Geometries of the gaze in the Calabrian landscapeHaving lost their function of sighting as an instrument of strategic control, inclusion and protection from presumed pirate invasions, the coastal towers of Calabria Ultra, represented in the Diary of Wonders of the end of the sixteenth century, called Codice Romano Carratelli, will act as the key and device of the gaze that links the land to the expanse of water. A vast geometric, precise and linear system that will connect, through the gaze, the “terracqueo landscape”, unstable and multiform, continuously changing. The ninety-nine watercolour maps of the Codice are an immense heritage of clues, traces, geometries and measurements on which to think in order to bring to the surface of the earth, military tactics that have become latent in history as a palimpsest. The use of ancient and modern techniques of survey and graphic representation, want to accompany the contemporary traveler to turn his gaze towards new strategies of “reception”, rather than aversion of a silent landscape, where merge and mix. The “stratigraphies of the gaze” are sections perpendicular to the “horizontal plane” of a “living” landscape from which routes, artefacts, signs, traces, fragments of history can be distilled for a widespread cultural regeneration of the territory. The experimental character of this research, recounted in these pages, lies in the application of an innovative strategy of communication and information, based on the creation of cultural routes structured in museums, widespread or located on the coastal landscape of Calabria.
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Cianci, Maria Grazia, Sara Colaceci, and Francesca Paola Mondelli. "El sistema de relaciones territoriales entre las fortificaciones del Cilento interior. Una propuesta de estudio a través de SIG." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11400.
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The territorial relations system between the fortifications of the inner Cilento. A proposal for study through GISThe landscape of the Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park, south of Campania, is dotted with a wide variety of fortresses, castles, towers and all kinds of fortifications. The populations who settled there since the early Middle Ages have left traces of their presence through buildings that, from the initial purpose of independent defense of the individual settlement, have changed over time, especially in the Norman period, in a broader system and structured for the control of the territory. The diversity of the architecture that we still find today, determined by the different origins of the fortifications (sometimes Lombard, sometimes Norman, up to the coastal towers built in the Angevin-Aragonese period to defend against Saracen incursions), however, hides a complex system that connects these artifacts, creating a network that covers large portions of the territory. It is not easy today to recognize such relationships and rebuild this network that has in fact laid the foundations for the current layout of the Cilento landscape. The aim of the research is therefore to study, recognize and map this structure through the use of historical maps and direct relief. Starting from the portion of the territory related to the area of the Ancient Cilento, identified by the Monte della Stella Massif, we intend to start a mapping of the fortifications through GIS in order to provide the tools for the study of the geometries and territorial relations that were established between the different settlements, and how these were placed with respect to the surrounding territory. The use of the territorial information systems will also allow a systematic data collection that will open the way for a subsequent phase of survey and documentation of the artifacts scattered over the territory, through which it will be possible to create a typological abacus of the fortifications related to the different historical phases.
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Caniglia, Maria Rossana. "La Torre di San Francesco a Palmi nelle vedute di Edward Cheney del 1823: immagini di un baluardo scomparso del sistema difensivo vicereale della Calabria Ultra." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11479.
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The Tower of San Francesco in Palmi in the views of Edward Cheney of 1823: images of a disappeared bulwark of the viceregal defensive system of Calabria UltraTo oppose the phenomenon of waves of Turks threatening the most exposed areas of the Kingdom of Naples, the viceregal government ordered from 1535 the construction of a continuous and articulated chain of defensive coastal towers. In Calabria, on behalf of the Viceroy Pedro di Toledo, the Marquis Francesco Pignatelli developed a project to identify the most suitable and strategic sites where to build the towers along the Tyrrhenian and Ionian coasts. This network included 69 towers in Calabria Ultra and 33 in Calabria Citra, clearly visible from each other at a maximum distance of six thousand steps. Most of these towers have lost their original function over time, and after the taking of Algiers in 1830, some were used as customs posts or torri semaforiche, and then be permanently abandoned. Today almost all of them are ruins. The cartographic sources and above all the iconographic ones, testify the importance of this defensive system of towers suspended between the land and the sea and arranged one after the other, real sentinels of the Mediterranean. On this occasion, the focus is on the Tower of San Francesco, was probably built in 1565, in Capo Barbi in Palmi, along the Tyrrhenian side between Reggio Calabria and Capo Vaticano. The bulwark was destroyed in 1956. The Tower of San Francesco, as evidenced by historical cartography and the views of Antonio Minasi in 1779 and Richard Keppel Craven in 1821, was portrayed in three drawings made by Edward Cheney during his travel to Calabria in May 1823. These views identify the characteristics of the architectural typology of the tower and the relationships with the town of Palmi; to relate it to the coastal towers of Pietre Nere (Taureana) and Capo Rocchi (Bagnara); and finally to the landscape of the Costa Viola up to the Strait of Messina.
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Szczepanska, Agnieszka, Monika Wasilewicz-Pszczółkowska, Iwona Krzywnicka, and Adam Senetra. "Transformation of Rural Areas with High Urban Impact: the Example of the Largest Cities in the Warmia and Mazury Region." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.121.
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The paper discusses rural transformations resulting from urban influences. The analyzed area consists of rural municipalities (the smallest administrative units in Poland) in the immediate vicinity of Olsztyn, Elblag and Ełk – the largest cities in Warmia and Mazury. The type and rate of social and spatial changes in rural areas with high urban impact were analyzed. The following issues have been addressed: – a comparison between demographic changes in rural municipalities neighboring on urban centres and demographic changes in the city, – changes in the land use structure of rural municipalities neighboring on urban centers, with particular emphasis on open and protected spaces, – architectural changes in the analyzed suburban areas, – landscape changes in the analyzed suburban areas.
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Rodríguez Romero, Eva Juana, Carlota Sáenz de Tejada Granados, and Rocío Santo-Tomás Muro. "The role of historical green spaces in the identity and image of today’s cities: The case of Madrid." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5340.
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The role of historical green spaces in the identity and image of today’s cities: The case of Madrid Eva J. Rodríguez Romero¹, Carlota Sáenz de Tejada Granados², Rocío Santo-Tomás Muro3 1, 2, 3 Departamento de Arquitectura y Diseño. Universidad CEU San Pablo. Escuela Politécnica Superior, Campus de Montepríncipe. 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid. E-mail: rodrom@ceu.es, carlota.saenztejada@ceu.es, rocio.santotomasmuro@beca.ceu.es Keywords: landscape history, proximity landscape, city iconography, sense of place, Madrid Conference topics and scale: Urban green space The image that a city offers when approaching it, depending on its topographical situation, the drawing of its borders or its urban form, generates a perceptive construction, for both locals and tourists, with the potential to become an iconic image and therefore play a part in the collective imagery. The character and value of those landscapes is largely determined by their green spaces, preserved in most European cities for their ecological or historical significance. Being able to recognize the worthiness of these proximity visions, in the context of today’s growing cities, is of fundamental relevance in order to enhance the sense of place, amongst other community values. In this communication we study the above-mentioned aspects in the image of the city of Madrid, within the framework of the project ‘Proximity landscapes of the city of Madrid. From the 19thC to the present’ currently in process. Through a landscape analysis of a selection of iconographic representations of the surroundings of the city, we draw special attention to the presence of historical green spaces throughout time, and its relation with architectural landmarks in the progressive construction of an iconic image of the city. From here, we can deduce the relevance that these elements have in the generation of a recognizable character and the decisive role of protection mechanisms in order to preserve it. References Lasso de la Vega, M. (2007) Quintas de recreo. Las casas de campo de la aristocracia alrededor de Madrid, 2Vol. (Madrid City Council, Madrid) Martínez, A. (2008). El entorno urbano del Palacio Real de Madrid entre 1735 y 1885 (Madrid City Council, Madrid). Ortega, J., Martínez, A. & Martín, F.J. (2008) Entre los Puentes del Rey y de Segovia. Secuencias gráficas del río Manzanares (Madrid City Council, Madrid). Ramón-Laca, L., Tardío, F.J. (2005) ‘Vegetal products used in Madrid between the 14th and 19thC, Asclepio (LVII-2, 25-44. Wester-Heber, M. (2004) ‘Underlying concerns in land-use conflicts-the role of place identity in risk perception’, Environmental Science & Policy, 7, 109-116.
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Kurdoğlu, Banu Çiçek, Pınar Özge Yeniçırak, and Seyhan Seyhan. "Land Forming in Landscape Architecture." In 4th International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Architecture, Planning and Design. SETSCI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36287/setsci.4.7.019.
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Kucuk, Ezgi, and Ayşe Sema Kubat. "Rethinking Urban Design Problems through Morphological Regions: Case of Beyazıt Square." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6179.
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Rethinking Urban Design Problems through Morphological Regions Ezgi Küçük¹, Ayşe Sema Kubat² ¹Urban Planning Coordinator, Marmara Municipalities Union ²Prof., Dr., Istanbul Technical Univercity, Faculty of Architecture, Department of City and Regional Planning E-mail: ezgikucuk89@gmail.com, kubat@itu.edu.tr Keywords: the Historical Peninsula, morphological regions, urban blocks, urban design, Beyazıt Square Conference topics and scale: Urban form and social use of space The concept of urban square is a debated issue in the context of urban design practices in Islamic cities. Recognizing the relation between urban morphology and urban design studies in city planning and urban design practices is highly vital. Beyazıt Square, which is the center of the city of Istanbul, could not be integrated to the other parts of the city either configurationally or socially although many design projects have been previously planned and discussed. In this study, the Historical Peninsula of Istanbul is observed as an essential unit of the traditional path reflecting each civilization, namely Roman, Byzantium, Ottoman and Republic of Turkey that have been settled in the region. Transformations in urban blocks in Beyazıt region are elaborated through a series of morphological analyses based on the Conzenian approach of urban morphology. Morphological regions of the Historical Peninsula are identified and Beyazıt region is addressed in detail in terms of the transformations in urban block components, that are; street, plot and buildings. The effects of surrounding units which are the mosque, university buildings, booksellers and Grandbazaar on Beyazıt Square are discussed according to the morphological analyses that are applied to the region. Previous design practices and the existing plan of the area are observed through the analyses including town plan, building block, and land use and ownership patterns. It is revealed that existing design problems in Beyazıt Square come from the absence of urban morphological analyses in all planning and design practices. Through morphological regions as well as the conservation plans, urban design projects can be reconsidered. References Baş, Y. (2010) ‘Production of Urbanism as the Reproduction of Property Relations: Morphologenesis of Yenişehir-Ankara’, PhD thesis, Middle East Technical University. Barret, H.J. (1996) ‘Townscape changes and local planning management in city conservation areas: the example of Birmingham and Bristol’, PhD thesis, University of Birmingham. Bienstman, H. (2007) ‘Morphological Concepts and Landscape Management: The Cases of Alkmaar and Bromsgrove’, PhD thesis, University of Birmingham. Conzen, M.R.G. (1960) Alnwick Northumberland: a study in town-plan analysis, Institute of British Geographers, London. Conzen, M.R.G. (2004) Thinking About Urban Form: papers on urban morphology 1932-1998, Peter Lang, Bern. Çelik, Z. (1993) The Remaking of Istanbul: Portrait of an Ottoman City in the Nineteenth Century, University of California Press, Berkeley. Günay, B. (1999) Property Relations and Urban Space, METU Faculty of Architecture Press, Ankara. Kubat, A.S. (1999) ‘The morphological history of Istanbul’, Urban Morphology 3.1, 28-41. Noziet, H. (2008) ‘Fabrique urbaine: a new concept in urban history and morphology’, Urban Morphology, 13.1, 55-56. Panerai, P., Castex, J., Depaule, J. C. and Samuels, I. (2004) Urban Forms: The Death and Life of the Urban Block, Architectural Press, Oxford. Tekeli, İ. (2010) Türkiye’nin Kent Planlama ve Kent Araştırmaları Tarihi Yazıları, (Articles of Turkey’s History of Urban Planning and Urban Studies), Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, Istanbul. Whitehand, J.W.R. (2001) ‘British urban morphology: the Conzenian tradition’, Urban Morphology 5.2, 3-10. Whitehand, J.W.R. (2009) ‘The structure of urban landscapes: strengthening research and practice’, Urban Morphology 13.1, 5-22.
Reports on the topic "Landscape architecture Land use"
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Anschuetz, Kurt F., and Thomas Merlan. More than a scenic mountain landscape: Valles Caldera National Preserve land use history. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-196.
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Villamor, Grace B., Ruth Grace Ambal, Jean-Marc Boffa, Thomas Brookes, Angelito Cereno, Oliver Coroza, and Rodel D. Lasco. Setting landscape conservation targets and promoting them through compatible land use in the Philippines. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp15826.pdf.
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Atkinson, Dan, and Alex Hale, eds. From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.126.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four headings: 1. From Source to Sea: River systems, from their source to the sea and beyond, should form the focus for research projects, allowing the integration of all archaeological work carried out along their course. Future research should take a holistic view of the marine and maritime historic environment, from inland lakes that feed freshwater river routes, to tidal estuaries and out to the open sea. This view of the landscape/seascape encompasses a very broad range of archaeology and enables connections to be made without the restrictions of geographical or political boundaries. Research strategies, programmes From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report iii and projects can adopt this approach at multiple levels; from national to site-specific, with the aim of remaining holistic and cross-cutting. 2. Submerged Landscapes: The rising research profile of submerged landscapes has recently been embodied into a European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action; Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology and Landscapes of the Continental Shelf (SPLASHCOS), with exciting proposals for future research. Future work needs to be integrated with wider initiatives such as this on an international scale. Recent projects have begun to demonstrate the research potential for submerged landscapes in and beyond Scotland, as well as the need to collaborate with industrial partners, in order that commercially-created datasets can be accessed and used. More data is required in order to fully model the changing coastline around Scotland and develop predictive models of site survival. Such work is crucial to understanding life in early prehistoric Scotland, and how the earliest communities responded to a changing environment. 3. Marine & Maritime Historic Landscapes: Scotland’s coastal and intertidal zones and maritime hinterland encompass in-shore islands, trans-continental shipping lanes, ports and harbours, and transport infrastructure to intertidal fish-traps, and define understanding and conceptualisation of the liminal zone between the land and the sea. Due to the pervasive nature of the Marine and Maritime historic landscape, a holistic approach should be taken that incorporates evidence from a variety of sources including commercial and research archaeology, local and national societies, off-shore and onshore commercial development; and including studies derived from, but not limited to history, ethnology, cultural studies, folklore and architecture and involving a wide range of recording techniques ranging from photography, laser imaging, and sonar survey through to more orthodox drawn survey and excavation. 4. Collaboration: As is implicit in all the above, multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches are essential in order to ensure the capacity to meet the research challenges of the marine and maritime historic environment. There is a need for collaboration across the heritage sector and beyond, into specific areas of industry, science and the arts. Methods of communication amongst the constituent research individuals, institutions and networks should be developed, and dissemination of research results promoted. The formation of research communities, especially virtual centres of excellence, should be encouraged in order to build capacity.
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SANZHAROV, A. I., G. P. GLAZUNOV, and Yu A. SOLOVEVA. ON THE USE OF GIS TECHNOLOGIES FOR AGROECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF LAND IN ADAPTIVE LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS OF AGRICULTURE. Ljournal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/issn1997-0749.2019-07-03.
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Hunter, Fraser, and Martin Carruthers. Iron Age Scotland. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.193.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings: Building blocks: The ultimate aim should be to build rich, detailed and testable narratives situated within a European context, and addressing phenomena from the longue durée to the short-term over international to local scales. Chronological control is essential to this and effective dating strategies are required to enable generation-level analysis. The ‘serendipity factor’ of archaeological work must be enhanced by recognising and getting the most out of information-rich sites as they appear. o There is a pressing need to revisit the archives of excavated sites to extract more information from existing resources, notably through dating programmes targeted at regional sequences – the Western Isles Atlantic roundhouse sequence is an obvious target. o Many areas still lack anything beyond the baldest of settlement sequences, with little understanding of the relations between key site types. There is a need to get at least basic sequences from many more areas, either from sustained regional programmes or targeted sampling exercises. o Much of the methodologically innovative work and new insights have come from long-running research excavations. Such large-scale research projects are an important element in developing new approaches to the Iron Age. Daily life and practice: There remains great potential to improve the understanding of people’s lives in the Iron Age through fresh approaches to, and integration of, existing and newly-excavated data. o House use. Rigorous analysis and innovative approaches, including experimental archaeology, should be employed to get the most out of the understanding of daily life through the strengths of the Scottish record, such as deposits within buildings, organic preservation and waterlogging. o Material culture. Artefact studies have the potential to be far more integral to understandings of Iron Age societies, both from the rich assemblages of the Atlantic area and less-rich lowland finds. Key areas of concern are basic studies of material groups (including the function of everyday items such as stone and bone tools, and the nature of craft processes – iron, copper alloy, bone/antler and shale offer particularly good evidence). Other key topics are: the role of ‘art’ and other forms of decoration and comparative approaches to assemblages to obtain synthetic views of the uses of material culture. o Field to feast. Subsistence practices are a core area of research essential to understanding past society, but different strands of evidence need to be more fully integrated, with a ‘field to feast’ approach, from production to consumption. The working of agricultural systems is poorly understood, from agricultural processes to cooking practices and cuisine: integrated work between different specialisms would assist greatly. There is a need for conceptual as well as practical perspectives – e.g. how were wild resources conceived? o Ritual practice. There has been valuable work in identifying depositional practices, such as deposition of animals or querns, which are thought to relate to house-based ritual practices, but there is great potential for further pattern-spotting, synthesis and interpretation. Iron Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report v Landscapes and regions: Concepts of ‘region’ or ‘province’, and how they changed over time, need to be critically explored, because they are contentious, poorly defined and highly variable. What did Iron Age people see as their geographical horizons, and how did this change? Attempts to understand the Iron Age landscape require improved, integrated survey methodologies, as existing approaches are inevitably partial. Aspects of the landscape’s physical form and cover should be investigated more fully, in terms of vegetation (known only in outline over most of the country) and sea level change in key areas such as the firths of Moray and Forth. Landscapes beyond settlement merit further work, e.g. the use of the landscape for deposition of objects or people, and what this tells us of contemporary perceptions and beliefs. Concepts of inherited landscapes (how Iron Age communities saw and used this longlived land) and socal resilience to issues such as climate change should be explored more fully. Reconstructing Iron Age societies. The changing structure of society over space and time in this period remains poorly understood. Researchers should interrogate the data for better and more explicitly-expressed understandings of social structures and relations between people. The wider context: Researchers need to engage with the big questions of change on a European level (and beyond). Relationships with neighbouring areas (e.g. England, Ireland) and analogies from other areas (e.g. Scandinavia and the Low Countries) can help inform Scottish studies. Key big topics are: o The nature and effect of the introduction of iron. o The social processes lying behind evidence for movement and contact. o Parallels and differences in social processes and developments. o The changing nature of houses and households over this period, including the role of ‘substantial houses’, from crannogs to brochs, the development and role of complex architecture, and the shift away from roundhouses. o The chronology, nature and meaning of hillforts and other enclosed settlements. o Relationships with the Roman world
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Phuong, Vu Tan, Nguyen Van Truong, and Do Trong Hoan. Commune-level institutional arrangements and monitoring framework for integrated tree-based landscape management. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21024.pdf.
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Governance is a difficult task in the context of achieving landscape multifunctionality owing to the multiplicity of stakeholders, institutions, scale and ecosystem services: the ‘many-multiple’ (Cockburn et al 2018). Governing and managing the physical landscape and the actors in the landscape requires intensive knowledge and good planning systems. Land-use planning is a powerful instrument in landscape governance because it directly guides how actors will intervene in the physical landscape (land use) to gain commonly desired value. It is essential for sustaining rural landscapes and improving the livelihoods of rural communities (Bourgoin and Castella 2011, Bourgoin et al 2012, Rydin 1998), ensuring landscape multifunctionality (Nelson et al 2009, Reyers et al 2012) and enhancing efficiency in carbon sequestration, in particular (Bourgoin et al 2013, Cathcart et al 2007). It is also considered critical to the successful implementation of land-based climate mitigation, such as under Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), because the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector is included in the mitigation contributions of nearly 90 percent of countries in Sub-Saharan and Southern Asia countries and in the Latin American and Caribbean regions (FAO 2016). Viet Nam has been implementing its NDC, which includes forestry and land-based mitigation options under the LULUCF sector. The contribution of the sector to committed national emission reduction is significant and cost-effective compared with other sectors. In addition to achieving emission reduction targets, implementation of forestry and land-based mitigation options has the highest benefits for social-economic development and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (MONRE 2020). Challenges, however, lie in the way national priorities and targets are translated into sub-national delivery plans and the way sub-national actors are brought together in orchestration (Hsu et al 2019) in a context where the legal framework for climate-change mitigation is elaborated at national rather than sub-national levels and coordination between government bodies and among stakeholders is generally ineffective (UNDP 2018). In many developing countries, conventional ‘top–down’, centralized land-use planning approaches have been widely practised, with very little success, a result of a lack of flexibility in adapting local peculiarities (Amler et al 1999, Ducourtieux et al 2005, Kauzeni et al 1993). In forest–agriculture mosaic landscapes, the fundamental question is how land-use planning can best conserve forest and agricultural land, both as sources of economic income and environmental services (O’Farrell and Anderson 2010). This paper provides guidance on monitoring integrated tree-based landscape management at commune level, based on the current legal framework related to natural resource management (land and forest) and the requirements of national green-growth development and assessment of land uses in two communes in Dien Bien and Son La provinces. The concept of integrated tree based landscape management in Viet Nam is still new and should be further developed for wider application across levels.
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Phuong, Vu Tan, Nguyen Van Truong, Do Trong Hoan, Hoang Nguyen Viet Hoa, and Nguyen Duy Khanh. Understanding tree-cover transitions, drivers and stakeholders’ perspectives for effective landscape governance: a case study of Chieng Yen Commune, Son La Province, Viet Nam. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21023.pdf.
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Integrated landscape management for sustainable livelihoods and positive environmental outcomes has been desired by many developing countries, especially for mountainous areas where agricultural activities, if not well managed, will likely degrade vulnerable landscapes. This research was an attempt to characterize the landscape in Chieng Yen Commune, Son La Province in Northwest Viet Nam to generate knowledge and understanding of local conditions and to propose a workable governance mechanism to sustainably manage the landscape. ICRAF, together with national partners — Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute — and local partners — Son La Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Son La Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Chieng Yen Commune People’s Committee — conducted rapid assessments in the landscape, including land-use mapping, land-use characterization, a household survey and participatory landscape assessment using an ecosystem services framework. We found that the landscape and peoples’ livelihoods are at risk from the continuous degradation of forest and agricultural land, and declining productivity, ecosystem conditions and services. Half of households live below the poverty line with insufficient agricultural production for subsistence. Unsustainable agricultural practices and other livelihood activities are causing more damage to the forest. Meanwhile, existing forest and landscape governance mechanisms are generally not inclusive of local community engagement. Initial recommendations are provided, including further assessment to address current knowledge gaps.
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Lasko, Kristofer, and Sean Griffin. Monitoring Ecological Restoration with Imagery Tools (MERIT) : Python-based decision support tools integrated into ArcGIS for satellite and UAS image processing, analysis, and classification. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40262.
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Monitoring the impacts of ecosystem restoration strategies requires both short-term and long-term land surface monitoring. The combined use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and satellite imagery enable effective landscape and natural resource management. However, processing, analyzing, and creating derivative imagery products can be time consuming, manually intensive, and cost prohibitive. In order to provide fast, accurate, and standardized UAS and satellite imagery processing, we have developed a suite of easy-to-use tools integrated into the graphical user interface (GUI) of ArcMap and ArcGIS Pro as well as open-source solutions using NodeOpenDroneMap. We built the Monitoring Ecological Restoration with Imagery Tools (MERIT) using Python and leveraging third-party libraries and open-source software capabilities typically unavailable within ArcGIS. MERIT will save US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) districts significant time in data acquisition, processing, and analysis by allowing a user to move from image acquisition and preprocessing to a final output for decision-making with one application. Although we designed MERIT for use in wetlands research, many tools have regional or global relevancy for a variety of environmental monitoring initiatives.
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Hunter, Fraser, and Martin Carruthers. Scotland: The Roman Presence. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.104.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings: Scotland in the Roman world: Research into Roman Scotland requires an appreciation of the wider frontier and Empire-wide perspectives, and Scottish projects must be integrated into these wider, international debates. The rich data set and chronological control that Scotland has to offer can be used to inform broader understandings of the impact of Rome. Changing worlds: Roman Scotland’s rich data set should be employed to contribute to wider theoretical perspectives on topics such as identity and ethnicity, and how these changed over time. What was the experience of daily life for the various peoples in Roman Scotland and how did interactions between incomers and local communities develop and change over the period in question, and, indeed, at and after its end? Frontier Life: Questions still remain regarding the disposition and chronology of forts and forces, as well as the logistics of sustaining and supplying an army of conquest and occupation. Sites must be viewed as part of a wider, interlocking set of landscapes, and the study of movement over land and by sea incorporated within this. The Antonine Wall provides a continuing focus of research which would benefit from more comparison with frontier structures and regimes in other areas. Multiple landscapes: Roman sites need to be seen in a broader landscape context, ‘looking beyond the fort’ and explored as nested and interlocking landscapes. This will allow exploration of frontier life and the changing worlds of the Roman period. To do justice to this resource requires two elements: o Development-control archaeology should look as standard at the hinterland of forts (up to c.1 km from the ‘core’), as sensitive areas and worthy of evaluation; examples such as Inveresk show the density of activity around such nodes. The interiors of camps should be extensively excavated as standard. o Integrated approaches to military landscapes are required, bringing in where appropriate topographical and aerial survey, LIDAR, geophysics, the use of stray and metal-detected finds, as well as fieldwalking and ultimately, excavation. The Legacy of Rome: How did the longer term influence of the Romans, and their legacy, influence the formation, nature and organisation of the Pictish and other emergent kingdoms?