Journal articles: 'Landside'

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Valkaniotis, Sotiris, George Papathanassiou, Vassilis Marinos, Charalampos Saroglou, Dimitrios Zekkos, Vasileios Kallimogiannis, Efstratios Karantanellis, et al. "Landslides Triggered by Medicane Ianos in Greece, September 2020: Rapid Satellite Mapping and Field Survey." Applied Sciences 12, no. 23 (December 5, 2022): 12443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122312443.

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Medicanes, a type of strong hurricanes/cyclones occurring in the Mediterranean, can be the source of major geohazard events in Mediterranean coastal and inland areas. Medicane Ianos that hit Greece during 17–19 September 2020 caused widespread damage, with numerous landsides and floods being the most prominent. Following the landfall of Medicane Ianos, a series of field surveys were launched together with rapid response through satellite imagery. We focused on two of the areas most affected by Medicane Ianos, Cephalonia island and Karditsa, Thessaly, both in Greece. A rapid landslide inventory for the Karditsa region was prepared using Copernicus Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, the first of its kind for a severe weather event in Greece. The mountainous area of Karditsa region in western Thessaly experienced the unprecedented number of 1696 landslides, mapped through satellite imagery and examined in the field. Cephalonia Island experienced a smaller number of landsides but damaging debris flows and severe structural damages. The rapid landside inventory was then compared to new methods of automated landslide mapping through change detection of satellite imagery.

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Han, Yunfei, Ping Wang, Yongguo Zheng, Muhammad Yasir, Chunmei Xu, Shah Nazir, Md Sakaouth Hossain, Saleem Ullah, and Sulaiman Khan. "Extraction of Landslide Information Based on Object-Oriented Approach and Cause Analysis in Shuicheng, China." Remote Sensing 14, no. 3 (January 21, 2022): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14030502.

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In China, landslides are abundant, widespread, and regular, destroying villages and agriculture and sometimes posing a threat to people’s lives. The question of how to rapidly detect and attain landslide data is a significant topic of research, yet traditional measurement using medium-resolution remote sensing data is problematic. Object-oriented categorization is utilized in this research to extract landside data from high-resolution GF-1 and Sentinel-2 data. Data preprocessing begins with orthophoto correction, image matching, and data fusion, followed by band enhancement, which comprises band synthesis, principal component analysis, and filtering, and finally landside extraction using an object-oriented technique. The impact of geology, lithology, rainfall, and human activities on the occurrence of landslides in the study area is explored utilizing DEM data, visualization tools, remote sensing interpretation map, and other associated data. The studies are conducted in Shuicheng County, Guizhou Province, China, with a segmentation scale of 25 pixels and 14 classification feature parameters. Following that, the landslide mass is extracted and categorization findings of nearby characteristics are acquired. Finally, the destructiveness of the landslide is determined by comparing the results of object-oriented classification before and after the landslide. With a Kappa coefficient of 0.76 and a landslide extraction accuracy of 79.8%, the overall classification accuracy is 87%. Combined with the geological structure, rock lithology, spatial location, landslide occurrence process, elevation of the study area, precipitation and the impact of human activities, the causes of the landslide are discussed and analyzed. The early warning of other unknown landslides can be obtained by analyzing the features of the aforementioned components.

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Biagini, Luiz, Renato Macciotta, Chris Gräpel, Kristen Tappenden, and Roger Skirrow. "Characteristics, Kinematics and Contributing Factors of Compound and Translational Landslides in the Interior Plains of Canada." Geosciences 12, no. 8 (July 25, 2022): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12080289.

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Understanding landslide kinematics, their characteristics, and contributing factors is crucial for decision-making regarding mitigation strategies for infrastructure projects. These characteristics depend on the geomorphology of the area, climate, and proximity to water bodies and anthropogenic activity. Some geomorphological features are shared between some western Canadian regions, particularly within the Canadian Interior Plains (Interior Plains). This paper synthesizes the failure mechanisms, kinematics, triggering events, and contributing factors associated with 11 landslides in the Interior Plains, with detailed qualitative descriptions of two of them. The paper discusses the commonalities of bedrock formations that contain thin sub-horizontal and continuous deposits of weak materials as the main geomorphological predisposing factor for landslides in this region. The findings show commonalities in the effect of seasonal fluctuations in the characteristics of water bodies in contact with these landslides, driving episodes of landside reactivation, acceleration and deceleration. Importantly, anthropogenic activity as a trigger for the initiation of some of these landslides suggests a high susceptibility of certain slopes in the Interior Plains to instability resulting from relatively small changes in in-situ stresses. This information becomes critical for assessing the landslide susceptibility of valley slopes in this region for infrastructure planning, design, and operation.

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Yao, Guowu. "Extremal Beltrami Differentials of Non-Landslide Type." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 60, no. 2 (October 25, 2016): 519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091516000250.

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AbstractIn this paper it is shown that there are infinitely many extremal Beltrami differentials of non-landside type and non-constant modulus in a Teichmüller equivalence class if the class contains a landslide extremal. The result answers, affirmatively in a stronger sense, a problem posed by Li.

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Senogles, Andrew, Michael J. Olsen, and Ben Leshchinsky. "SlideSim: 3D Landslide Displacement Monitoring through a Physics-Based Simulation Approach to Self-Supervised Learning." Remote Sensing 14, no. 11 (May 31, 2022): 2644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14112644.

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Displacement monitoring is a critical step to understand, manage, and mitigate potential landside hazard and risk. Remote sensing technology is increasingly used in landslide monitoring. While significant advances in data collection and processing have occurred, much of the analysis of remotely-sensed data applied to landslides is still relatively simplistic, particularly for landslides that are slow moving and have not yet “failed”. To this end, this work presents a novel approach, SlideSim, which trains an optical flow predictor for the purpose of mapping 3D landslide displacement using sequential DEM rasters. SlideSim is capable of automated, self-supervised learning by building a synthetic dataset of displacement landslide DEM rasters and accompanying label data in the form of u/v pixel offset flow grids. The effectiveness, applicability, and reliability of SlideSim for landslide displacement monitoring is demonstrated with real-world data collected at a landslide on the Southern Oregon Coast, U.S.A. Results are compared with a detailed ground truth dataset with an End Point Error RMSE = 0.026 m. The sensitivity of SlideSim to the input DEM cell size, representation (hillshade, slope map, etc.), and data sources (e.g., TLS vs. UAS SfM) are rigorously evaluated. SlideSim is also compared to diverse methodologies from the literature to highlight the gap that SlideSim fills amongst current state-of-the-art approaches.

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Chiu, Yung Piao, Yan Chyuan Shiau, and Shu Jen Song. "A Study on Simulating Landslides Using Unity Software." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 806–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.806.

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The main rivers in Taiwan present numerous distinct features, such as narrow catchment areas, short main flow paths, fast-flowing rapids, and steep slopes. In Taiwan, typhoon season in summer and fall is the period during which torrential rainfall frequently occurs. Large amounts of rainfall in short periods increase the likelihood of disasters, such as hillside collapses, landslides, and floods. By using a computer simulation to visually present landslide disasters, disaster evacuation can be facilitated and casualties can be reduced. In the present study, we compiled the causes of hillside landslides by employing a remote helicopter equipped with a camera to capture images of landslide-prone rivers and hillsides. ReCap computation was adopted to establish 3D river and hillside models for mesh optimization, which were then imported into the Unity software. Finally, by referencing slope and geographical data, and considering various landside factors such as cause, scale, flow direction, flow speed, and damage, model disaster scenarios were created to perform simulations. The results were uploaded to Web-and mobile-based platforms, providing a reference for assisting the general public in implementing preventive measures, thereby reducing the occurrence of disaster incidents.

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ALNAIMAT, ANAS, MOKHTAR JAAFAR, and KUOK CHOY LAM. "THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LANDSLIDE HAZARD MANAGEMENT & MITIGATION MEASURES VIA MALAYSIAN PWD OPERATIONAL CAPABILITIES & NSMP 2009-2022." Revista Produção e Desenvolvimento 4, no. 3 (April 22, 2018): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32358/rpd.2018.v4.276.

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In recent years Malaysian government has started to pay more attention to the landslide issues, as public outcries grew louder. Some local authorities that are at the front line of public anger whenever major landslides occurred have yet to provide better services while others utilized guidelines and relevant acts to act against errant developers and land owners. As a consequence of this, Public Works Department (PWD) and its Slope Engineering Branch (CKC) will require training, not only in the procedures themselves, but also in regards to the basis of landslide mechanisms, landslide risk assessment and dealing with geotechnical reports at best professional manner. In addition to the success of implementing for the National Slope Master Plan NSMP 2009-2023 would depend on every stakeholder and relevant authorities that includes the public residents and most of all the political parties of the Malaysian government and it is therefore local government and other regulators must establish strong internal procedures for dealing with land use and development proposals on land situated within a landslide susceptibility. Hence, the significance to further examine and assess the value of Malaysian NSMP as being comprehensive national disaster management strategy and a constitution of landside mitigation measures

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Deng, Hua Feng, Jing Guo, Min Zhu, and Tao Lu. "Study on the Stability of Reservoir Landslide under Multiple-Factors Action." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 2552–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.2552.

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According to the survey and study on geological condition, the genetic mechanism and evolving process of the reservoir landslide were analyzed at first that the landslide experienced two large slides. The first slide occurred in the J2S2 formation, it's a collapse slide with small thickness sliding mass, but made the slope on the back edge of the landslide became steeper, which created the conditions for the second slide. The second slide mainly occurred in the J2S1 formation, it's a slide that cut layer of rock stratum, which formed present landside. Then, the influencing factors on the stability of reservoir landslide were analyzed, and finite element models were created to calculate and analyze the stability of reservoir landslide under multiple-factors action. The results shows that the landslide is stable in natural conditions, and the safety factor of landslide decreases after the normal storage of reservoir, which doesn't meet the specification requirements; when considering the sudden drop in reservoir level, rainfall infiltration and other factors, the safety factor of landslide decreases further, reaching the critical stable state, and landslides may be unstable when considering earthquake. Therefore, cutting slope and reducing load were suggested, and the calculations show that the landslide trends toward stable under action of multiple-factors after treatment, which means the research achievement has a great reference value to guide engineering design and construction.

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Wei, Zhang, Fei Cao Chen, Shi Liu Zhan, and Yi Heng Pan. "GPS Application in Ginkgo Landslide Monitoring." Applied Mechanics and Materials 624 (August 2014): 588–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.624.588.

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Ginkgo landslide, located in Ginkgo village, Xixia County in Henan province, is a large earthiness landslide. Considering its serious deformation and the possible serious instability disaster of the landslide, GPS was chosen to monitor this landside. This paper systematically introduces the monitoring program design, data acquisition, data processing, data analysis when GPS was used in Ginkgo landslide monitoring. According to GPS monitoring result analysis, the landslide is at a stage of constant speed deformation. And the rainfall is the main factor inducing the landslide sliding. It’s suggested that close attention should be paid to the landslide when encounter rainstorm, heavy rain or a long time raining so that to relief and prevent disasters.

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Hong, Yong, Ai Xin Lu, and Qiang Xu. "Three Dimensional Simulation Method of Landslide Risk." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 1263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.1263.

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This paper presents a three dimensional simulation method by modeling on the basis of fluid dynamics and soil mechanics. The programed calculation model is suitable for the simulation of landside that present viscous movement features. Based on the tested parameters by shear tests, the movement of a typical loess landslide was simulated and its spatial range was predicted. The results showed that the loess landslide will lead to a great damage to the local historical sites as well as the densely populated city.

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Li, Chang, Bangjin Yi, Peng Gao, Hui Li, Jixing Sun, Xueye Chen, and Cheng Zhong. "Valuable Clues for DCNN-Based Landslide Detection from a Comparative Assessment in the Wenchuan Earthquake Area." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 31, 2021): 5191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155191.

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Landslide inventories could provide fundamental data for analyzing the causative factors and deformation mechanisms of landslide events. Considering that it is still hard to detect landslides automatically from remote sensing images, endeavors have been carried out to explore the potential of DCNNs on landslide detection, and obtained better performance than shallow machine learning methods. However, there is often confusion as to which structure, layer number, and sample size are better for a project. To fill this gap, this study conducted a comparative test on typical models for landside detection in the Wenchuan earthquake area, where about 200,000 secondary landslides were available. Multiple structures and layer numbers, including VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50, ResNet101, DenseNet120, DenseNet201, UNet−, UNet+, and ResUNet were investigated with different sample numbers (100, 1000, and 10,000). Results indicate that VGG models have the highest precision (about 0.9) but the lowest recall (below 0.76); ResNet models display the lowest precision (below 0.86) and a high recall (about 0.85); DenseNet models obtain moderate precision (below 0.88) and recall (about 0.8); while UNet+ also achieves moderate precision (0.8) and recall (0.84). Generally, a larger sample set can lead to better performance for VGG, ResNet, and DenseNet, and deeper layers could improve the detection results for ResNet and DenseNet. This study provides valuable clues for designing models’ type, layers, and sample set, based on tests with a large number of samples.

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Mergili, M., and H. J. Chu. "Integrated statistical modelling of spatial landslide probability." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, no. 9 (September 24, 2015): 5677–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-3-5677-2015.

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Abstract. Statistical methods are commonly employed to estimate spatial probabilities of landslide release at the catchment or regional scale. Travel distances and impact areas are often computed by means of conceptual mass point models. The present work introduces a fully automated procedure extending and combining both concepts to compute an integrated spatial landslide probability: (i) the landslide inventory is subset into release and deposition zones. (ii) We employ a simple statistical approach to estimate the pixel-based landslide release probability. (iii) We use the cumulative probability density function of the angle of reach of the observed landslide pixels to assign an impact probability to each pixel. (iv) We introduce the zonal probability i.e. the spatial probability that at least one landslide pixel occurs within a zone of defined size. We quantify this relationship by a set of empirical curves. (v) The integrated spatial landslide probability is defined as the maximum of the release probability and the product of the impact probability and the zonal release probability relevant for each pixel. We demonstrate the approach with a 637 km2 study area in southern Taiwan, using an inventory of 1399 landslides triggered by the typhoon Morakot in 2009. We observe that (i) the average integrated spatial landslide probability over the entire study area corresponds reasonably well to the fraction of the observed landside area; (ii) the model performs moderately well in predicting the observed spatial landslide distribution; (iii) the size of the release zone (or any other zone of spatial aggregation) influences the integrated spatial landslide probability to a much higher degree than the pixel-based release probability; (iv) removing the largest landslides from the analysis leads to an enhanced model performance.

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Nikoobakht, Shahrzad, Mohammad Azarafza, Haluk Akgün, and Reza Derakhshani. "Landslide Susceptibility Assessment by Using Convolutional Neural Network." Applied Sciences 12, no. 12 (June 13, 2022): 5992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12125992.

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This study performs a GIS-based landslide susceptibility assessment using a convolutional neural network, CNN, in a study area of the Gorzineh-khil region, northeastern Iran. For this assessment, a 15-layered CNN was programmed in the Python high-level language for susceptibility mapping. In this regard, as far as the landside triggering factors are concerned, it was concluded that the geomorphologic/topographic parameters (i.e., slope curvature, topographical elevation, slope aspect, and weathering) and water condition parameters (hydrological gradient, drainage pattern, and flow gradient) are the main triggering factors. These factors provided the landside dataset, which was input to the CNN. We used 80% of the dataset for training and the remaining 20% for testing to prepare the landslide susceptibility map of the study area. In order to cross-validate the resulting map, a loss function, and common classifiers were considered: support vector machines, SVM, k-nearest neighbor, k-NN, and decision tree, DT. An evaluation of the results of the susceptibility assessment revealed that the CNN led the other classes in terms of 79.0% accuracy, 73.0% precision, 75.0% recall, and 77.0% f1-score, and, hence, provided better accuracy and the least computational error when compared to the other models.

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Krzeminska, D. M., T. A. Bogaard, J. P. Malet, and L. P. H. van Beek. "A model of hydrological and mechanical feedbacks of preferential fissure flow in a slow-moving landslide." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 3 (March 5, 2013): 947–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-947-2013.

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Abstract. The importance of hydrological processes for landslide activity is generally accepted. However, the relationship between precipitation, hydrological responses and movement is not straightforward. Groundwater recharge is mostly controlled by the hydrological material properties and the structure (e.g., layering, preferential flow paths such as fissures) of the unsaturated zone. In slow-moving landslides, differential displacements caused by the bedrock structure complicate the hydrological regime due to continuous opening and closing of the fissures, creating temporary preferential flow paths systems for infiltration and groundwater drainage. The consecutive opening and closing of fissure aperture control the formation of a critical pore water pressure by creating dynamic preferential flow paths for infiltration and groundwater drainage. This interaction may explain the seasonal nature of the slow-moving landslide activity, including the often observed shifts and delays in hydrological responses when compared to timing, intensity and duration of precipitation. The main objective of this study is to model the influence of fissures on the hydrological dynamics of slow-moving landslide and the dynamic feedbacks between fissures, hydrology and slope stability. For this we adapt the spatially distributed hydrological and slope stability model (STARWARS) to account for geotechnical and hydrological feedbacks, linking between hydrological response of the landside and the dynamics of the fissure network and applied the model to the hydrologically controlled Super-Sauze landslide (South French Alps).

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Krzeminska, D. M., T. A. Bogaard, J. P. Malet, and L. P. H van Beek. "A model of hydrological and mechanical feedbacks of preferential fissure flow in a slow-moving landslide." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 9, no. 10 (October 1, 2012): 11161–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-9-11161-2012.

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Abstract. The importance of hydrological processes for landslide activity is generally accepted. However, the relationship between precipitation, hydrological responses and movement is not straightforward. Groundwater recharge is mostly controlled by the hydrological material properties and the structure (e.g. layering, preferential flow paths such as fissures) of the unsaturated zone. In slow-moving landslides, differential displacements caused by the bedrock structure complicate the hydrological regime due to continuous opening and closing of the fissures, creating temporary preferential flow paths systems for infiltration and groundwater drainage. The consecutive opening and closing of fissure aperture control the formation of a critical pore water pressure by creating dynamic preferential flow paths for infiltration and groundwater drainage. This interaction may explain the seasonal nature of the slow-moving landslide activity, including the often observed shifts and delays in hydrological responses when compared to timing, intensity and duration of precipitation. The main objective of this study is to model the influence of fissures on the hydrological dynamics of slow-moving landslide and the dynamic feedbacks between fissures, hydrology and slope stability. For this we adapt the spatially distributed hydrological and slope stability model (STARWARS) to account for geotechnical and hydrological feedbacks, linking between hydrological response of the landside and the dynamics of the fissure network and applied the model to the hydrologically controlled Super-Sauze landslide (South French Alps).

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Khouz, Abdellah, Jorge Trindade, Sérgio C. Oliveira, Fatima El Bchari, Blaid Bougadir, Ricardo A. C. Garcia, and Mourad Jadoud. "Landslide susceptibility assessment in the rocky coast subsystem of Essaouira, Morocco." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 11 (November 24, 2022): 3793–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3793-2022.

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Abstract. In recent decades, multiple researchers have produced landslide susceptibility maps using different techniques and models, including the information value method, which is a statistical model that is widely applied to various coastal environments. This study aimed to evaluate susceptibility to landslides in the Essaouira coastal area using bivariate statistical methods. In this study, 588 distinct landslides were identified, inventoried, and mapped. Landslides are performed by means of observation and interpretation of different data sources, namely high-resolution satellite images, aerial photographs, topographic maps, and extensive field surveys. The rocky coastal system of Essaouira is located in the middle of the Atlantic coast of Morocco. The study area was split into 1534 cliff terrain units that were 50 m in width. For training and validation purposes, the landslide inventory was divided into two independent groups: 70 % for training and 30 % for validation. Twenty-two layers of landslide conditioning factors were prepared – namely, elevation, slope angle, slope aspect, plan curvature, profile curvature, cliff height, topographic wetness index, topographic position index, slope over area ratio, solar radiation, presence of faulting, lithological units, toe lithology, presence and type of cliff toe protection, layer tilt, rainfall, streams, land-use patterns, normalised difference vegetation index, lithological material grain size, and presence of springs. The statistical relationship between the conditioning factors and the different landslide types was calculated using the bivariate information value method in a pixel-based model and in the elementary terrain units-based model. Coastal landside susceptibility maps were validated using landslide training group partitions. The receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve were used to assess the accuracy and prediction capacity of the different coastal landslide susceptibility models. Two methodologies, considering a pixel-based approach and using coastal terrain units, were adopted to evaluate coastal landslide susceptibility. The results allowed for the classification of 38 % of the rocky coast subsystem as having high susceptibility to landslides, which were mostly located in the southern part of the Essaouira coastal area. These susceptibility maps will be useful for future planned development activities as well as for environmental protection.

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Jibson, Randall W., Alex R. R. Grant, Robert C. Witter, Kate E. Allstadt, Eric M. Thompson, and Adrian M. Bender. "Ground Failure from the Anchorage, Alaska, Earthquake of 30 November 2018." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 1 (October 23, 2019): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220190187.

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Abstract Investigation of ground failure triggered by the 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage earthquake showed that landslides, liquefaction, and ground cracking all occurred and caused significant damage. Shallow rock falls and rock slides were the most abundant types of landslides, but they occurred in smaller numbers than global models that are based on earthquake magnitude predict; this might result from the 2018 earthquake being an intraslab event. Liquefaction was common in alluvial and intertidal areas; ground deformation probably related to liquefaction damaged numerous houses and port facilities in Anchorage. Ground cracking was pervasive near the edges of slopes in hilly areas and caused perhaps the most significant property damage of all types of ground failure. A complex of slump–earth flows was triggered along coastal bluffs in southern Anchorage where slides also occurred in 1964; the 2018 slides involved both mobilization of new landside material and reactivation of parts of the 1964 landslide deposits. Large translational slides that formed during the 1964 Alaska earthquake showed evidence of deformation along pre‐existing failure surfaces but did not reactivate with new net downslope displacement. Modeling suggests that ground motion in 2018 was of insufficient duration and too high frequency to trigger reactivation of the deep landslides.

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Jiang, Ziyu, Ming Wang, and Kai Liu. "Comparisons of Convolutional Neural Network and Other Machine Learning Methods in Landslide Susceptibility Assessment: A Case Study in Pingwu." Remote Sensing 15, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15030798.

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Landslide is a natural disaster that seriously affects human life and social development. In this study, the characteristics and effectiveness of convolutional neural network (CNN) and conventional machine learning (ML) methods in a landslide susceptibility assessment (LSA) are compared. Six ML methods used in this study are Adaboost, multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP-NN), random forest (RF), naive Bayes, decision tree (DT), and gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT). First, the basic knowledge and structures of the CNN and ML methods, and the steps of the LSA are introduced. Then, 11 conditioning factors in three categories in the Hongxi River Basin, Pingwu County, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province are chosen to build the train, validation, and test samples. The CNN and ML models are constructed based on these samples. For comparison, indicator methods, statistical methods, and landslide susceptibility maps (LSMs) are used. The result shows that the CNN can obtain the highest accuracy (86.41%) and the highest AUC (0.9249) in the LSA. The statistical methods represented by the mean and variance of TP and TN perform more firmly on the possibility of landslide occurrence. Furthermore, the LSMs show that all models can successfully identify most of the landslide points, but for areas with a low frequency of landslides, some models are insufficient. The CNN model demonstrates better results in the recognition of the landslides’ cluster region, this is also related to the convolution operation that takes the surrounding environment information into account. The higher accuracy and more concentrative possibility of CNN in LSA is of great significance for disaster prevention and mitigation, which can help the efficient use of human and material resources. Although CNN performs better than other methods, there are still some limitations, the identification of low-cluster landside areas can be enhanced by improving the CNN model.

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Jafari, Navid H., Timothy D. Stark, Aaron L. Leopold, and Scott M. Merry. "Three-dimensional levee and floodwall underseepage." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 53, no. 1 (January 2016): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2014-0343.

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Levee and floodwall seepage models based on two-dimensional (2D) conditions can underpredict landside vertical hydraulic gradients and uplift pressures due to excavations and convex bends. The Sherman Island levee system is used to calibrate a three-dimensional (3D) seepage model to evaluate the effect of finite landside excavations and convex levee bends on landside seepage. The model shows that a 3D analysis is required for a landside excavation with an aspect ratio (length to width) less than 1L:1.5W. For drainage canals and ditches that parallel a levee or floodwall and are wider than 15 m, gradients at the excavation center are essentially equal to 2D vertical gradients but greater than 2D gradients near the excavation sidewalls. The Sherman Island calibrated seepage model also confirms concave bends diverge seepage and yield lower vertical gradients than 2D models. Varying the degree of levee curvature (ω = 45°–100°) indicates that sharper convex bends (ω = 100°; axisymmetric radius, 150 m) cause vertical gradients that can be about 150% greater than 2D analyses.

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Helm, Stefanie, Axel Classen, Florian Rudolph, Christian Werner, and Beate Urban. "INTEGRATION OF LANDSIDE PROCESSES INTO THE CONCEPT OF TOTAL AIRPORT MANAGEMENT." Journal of Air Transport Studies 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.38008/jats.v5i1.73.

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Total Airport Management is a relatively new concept for a comprehensive optimization of airport processes. It is based on enhanced information sharing and communication among all stakeholders as well as on extended and improved forecasts of airport processes. The following paper describes a general concept for integrating landside passenger processes into Total Airport Management. It explains how landside stakeholders can be included in real collaborative decision making, in particular functionalities and Human Machine Interfaces of a prototypical TAMcompatible Passenger Management implementation called “PaxMan”. As a result of the improved linking of airside and landside processes, it is shown how airport stakeholders and passengers can benefit from this integration and from proactive airport operations.

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Zhang, Xiu-Li, Bi-Ting Xie, Hao Wang, and Yu-Yong Jiao. "Study on the Dynamic Response of Landslide Subjected to Earthquake by the Improved DDA Method." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2021 (March 26, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6637939.

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Majiagou landslide, a major ancient landslide in Three Gorges Reservoir region, is located in the high earthquake area of southwest China. The 2013 Badong earthquake caused an obvious deformation of landslide monitored by the sliding inclinometer. A strong earthquake may induce the reactivation of ancient landslide. So, it is necessary to research the seismic dynamic response of Majiagou landslide. For this purpose, discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA), improved by introducing the artificial joint and viscous boundary, is applied in this study. The displacements at monitoring points caused by Badong earthquake are calculated and compared with the field data, verifying the numerical method and model. Further, a strong earthquake with the peak acceleration of 1 g is assumed to act on the landside, the initiation and evolution process of landslide is simulated, and the movement features of landslide are discussed. The dynamic failure of landslide and the local amplification of seismic wave can be embodied, indicating that the improved DDA provides an alternative approach for analyzing the seismic dynamic response of jointed rock.

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Ito, Kazunori, Yukinobu Oda, Atsushi Furuta, and Yuriko Takayama. "SIMULATION OF INUNDATION CAUSED BY TSUNAMI VIA UNDERGROUND CHANNELS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 25, 2012): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.currents.3.

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Appropriate seawalls can protect landside from tsunami inundation. But, in a case that a coastal industrial facility has an underground water channel, even if a seawall works properly against tsunami attack, sea water comes into landside via the channel. So, this study focused on tsunami inundation via an underground channel caused by tsunami. Numerical simulation methods were discussed and verified by using physical model test results.

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Pereira, S., J. L. Zêzere, and C. Bateira. "Technical Note: Assessing predictive capacity and conditional independence of landslide predisposing factors for shallow landslide susceptibility models." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 12, no. 4 (April 16, 2012): 979–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-979-2012.

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Abstract. The aim of this study is to identify the landslide predisposing factors' combination using a bivariate statistical model that best predicts landslide susceptibility. The best model is one that has simultaneously good performance in terms of suitability and predictive power and has been developed using variables that are conditionally independent. The study area is the Santa Marta de Penaguião council (70 km2) located in the Northern Portugal. In order to identify the best combination of landslide predisposing factors, all possible combinations using up to seven predisposing factors were performed, which resulted in 120 predictions that were assessed with a landside inventory containing 767 shallow translational slides. The best landslide susceptibility model was selected according to the model degree of fitness and on the basis of a conditional independence criterion. The best model was developed with only three landslide predisposing factors (slope angle, inverse wetness index, and land use) and was compared with a model developed using all seven landslide predisposing factors. Results showed that it is possible to produce a reliable landslide susceptibility model using fewer landslide predisposing factors, which contributes towards higher conditional independence.

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Camay, Stephanie, Laxmi Ramasubramanian, Brandon Derman, Eric Bohn, Jochen Albrecht, William Milczarski, Maria Boile, and Sotiris Theofanis. "Ferry Parking and Landside Access Study." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2077, no. 1 (January 2008): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2077-06.

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Chatterjee, Arun, Joseph E. Hummer, David B. Clarke, and Scott M. Ney. "Landside Access to Seaports in Urban Areas: A Case Study." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1602, no. 1 (January 1997): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1602-08.

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Seaports in the United States usually are located in urban areas. They are major traffic generators on the landside. However, the landside access needs of ports often are overlooked by the transportation and land-use planning processes. A case study of three ports on the East Coast of the United States was performed: Savannah, Georgia; Wilmington, North Carolina; and Morehead City, North Carolina. Both highway and rail access issues were examined at regional and local levels. Several serious issues and problems are identified and discussed in the paper, including effects on local communities.

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Amabile, Alessia, Annarita Pozzato, and Alessandro Tarantino. "Instability of flood embankments due to pore-water pressure build-up at the toe: lesson learned from the Adige River case study." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 57, no. 12 (December 2020): 1844–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2018-0372.

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A case study is presented of the Adige River embankment, a segment of which experienced instability of the landside slope due to the development of uplift pressures. Soil profile and hydromechanical properties of the embankment and foundation materials have been assessed via site investigation, laboratory testing, and field monitoring for two cross sections, within and outside the failure segment. The hydromechanical model developed thereof was first validated against its ability to reproduce the probability of failure for the two sections with a first-order, second-moment (FOSM)-based approach. Comparison of water flow regimes between the two sections was then used to highlight the importance of the hydraulic properties of the material on the landside for the development of uplift pressures at the toe of the embankment. The lesson learnt from this case study is that the hydraulic response of the ground on the landside may play a critical role on the stability of flood embankments and its characterization should therefore not be overlooked when planning site investigation.

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Saghaee, Gholamreza, Ahmad A. Mousa, and Mohamed A. Meguid. "Plausible failure mechanisms of wildlife-damaged earth levees: insights from centrifuge modeling and numerical analysis." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 54, no. 10 (October 2017): 1496–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0484.

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Earth levees are subject to a wide range of wildlife intrusion patterns that cause mass removal and subsequent serious deformations. Such invasive activities leave the body of an earth embankment with burrow systems too complex to map and model using conventional techniques. This study investigates the impact of different idealized configurations of animal burrows on the geotechnical performance of levees. For this purpose, centrifuge testing was conducted on homogenous scaled-down 1 horizontal : 1 vertical (1H:1V) levee models built from silty sand material. Modeling involved introducing horizontal cylinder-shaped waterside and landside burrows at different elevations within the levee section. The reference (intact) and deteriorated levee models were subject to a centrifugal acceleration of 35g, which was kept constant as the water level behind the levee model was gradually increased. The deformation profile of the model was tracked, and the crest displacements were concurrently measured. Miniature pore pressure transducers (PPTs) embedded within the levee body provided pore pressure measurements. A three-dimensional finite element model was developed to investigate the hydraulic performance and verify the failure patterns of the deteriorated levees. Compared with an intact levee, the presence of animal intrusions was found to increase the exit hydraulic gradient for both waterside and landside intrusions. Lower animal burrows appeared to cause larger exit gradients than higher ones. Similarly, waterside burrows exhibited a notably higher pore pressure and larger hydraulic gradient. Waterside damage resulted in a quicker and more violent failure than landside burrows. The failure mechanisms for both the waterside and landside burrows are dissimilar despite their similarly abrupt nature.

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Watson, C., Jeffrey Kargel, and Babulal Tiruwa. "UAV-Derived Himalayan Topography: Hazard Assessments and Comparison with Global DEM Products." Drones 3, no. 1 (February 13, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones3010018.

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Topography derived using human-portable unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and structure from motion photogrammetry offers an order of magnitude improvement in spatial resolution and uncertainty over small survey extents, compared to global digital elevation model (DEM) products, which are often the only available choice of DEMs in the high-mountain Himalaya. Access to fine-resolution topography in the high mountain Himalaya is essential to assess where flood and landslide events present a risk to populations and infrastructure. In this study, we compare the topography of UAV-derived DEMs, three open-access global DEM products, and the 8 m High Mountain Asia (HMA) DEMs (released in December 2017) and assess their suitability for landslide- and flood-related hazard assessments. We observed close similarity between UAV and HMA DEMs when comparing terrain elevation, river channel delineation, landside volume, and landslide-dammed lake area and volume. We demonstrate the use of fine-resolution topography in a flood-modelling scenario relating to landslide-dammed lakes that formed on the Marsyangdi River following the 2015 Gorkha earthquake. We outline a workflow for using UAVs in hazard assessments and disaster situations to generate fine-resolution topography and facilitate real-time decision-making capabilities, such as assessing landslide-dammed lakes, mass movement volumes, and flood risk.

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Ding, Da Yi, Chang Shu, Yang Gao, Yuan Qing Wang, Da Peng Pei, and Yan Tang. "Design and Analysis of Section-III Cable Net Curtain Wall of Hefei Xinqiao International Airport Terminal." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 903–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.903.

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Section-Ⅲ landside curtain wall of Hefei Xinqiao International Airport terminal adopted single layer cable net curtain wall, while others adopted stick-system curtain wall structure. In this paper, the section-Ⅲ overall structure model of Hefei Xinqiao International Airport terminal was established by using the finite element method (FEM) software ANSYS. The load bearing capacity and deformability of landside curtain wall under load cases with seismic loads and wind loads were analyzed. Also the cable net curtain wall’s effect on the main structure was discussed. The results showed that the displacements of curtain wall and the internal forces of cables met the requirements, and the cable net curtain wall had little effect on the main steel structure.

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Rucińska, Danuta, and Andrzej Ruciński. "Interaction of airports and landside areas development." Transport Economics and Logistics 76 (December 4, 2018): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/etil.2018.76.04.

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Contemporary airports are the centers of diffusion of global technological achievements and shaping socio-economic relations. As multifunctional transport hubs, they activate the socio-economic potential of space management structures. Increased flows of people, means of transport and investments located around them strengthen the competitiveness of urban areas and their regions. Airports generate jobs and the development of prestigious activities in their environment. Large-scale structures are created around modern airports – landside areas, and they are becoming carriers of targeted development of contemporary space development structures. There are various interactions between the development of airports and related, landside zones, strengthening the development and importance of both structures. The aim of the study is to present the conditions, scope and effects of mutual developmental links between airports and areas surrounding them, including the airport in Gdansk.

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Marks, Adam, Kees Rietsema, and Maytha AL-Ali. "Airport Information Systems—Landside Management Information Systems." Intelligent Information Management 07, no. 03 (2015): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/iim.2015.73012.

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Shriner, Heather Wishart, and Lester A. Hoel. "Evaluating Improvements in Landside Access for Airports." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1662, no. 1 (January 1999): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1662-04.

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Lee, Ryan, Moayad Shammut, Julian Allen, Xing Gao, Tianren Yang, and Mengqiu Cao. "Investigating the Implications of the London Heathrow Airport Expansion for the Landside Freight Industry." Logistics 5, no. 3 (July 12, 2021): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/logistics5030050.

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The air cargo industry is hugely important to national economies, trade, and development. Thus far, there has been limited research on the landside freight industry. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to extend the understanding of how alterations in the air cargo industry impact on its landside freight counterpart. It also seeks to explore the potential opportunities and challenges this presents, as well as the measures that can be taken to mitigate unsustainable development for the landside freight industry. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the views of key stakeholders, freight industry experts, and other professionals. Our findings show that, if the airport expansion went ahead, the opportunities would generally outweigh the challenges. Increased freight activities and other positive spinoffs would result in the long-term. Increased freight activities and employment were the prime positive implications. Conversely, increased delays due to congestion was the main negative implication. Measures suggested to mitigate the adverse effects of the London Heathrow Airport (LHR) expansion entailed strengthening of consolidation centre efforts, freight collaboration, intelligent booking systems, use of low-carbon technologies, smart scheduling for revising the timetabling of deliveries, and greater use of rail transport for air cargo. The research highlights novel insights regarding existing freight-related issues from industry and academic experts, and further thoughts in relation to increased cargo activities stemming from the LHR expansion.

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Hussain, Alamgeer, Mobushir Riaz Khan, Naeem Abbas Malik, Muhammad Amin, Mazhar Hussain Shah, and Muhammad Naveed Tahir. "GIS based mapping and analysis of landslide hazard’s impact on tourism: a case study of Balakot valley, Pakistan." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 5, no. 2 (November 4, 2017): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v5i2.8335.

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The Landslide occurs in mountainous area due to failure of slope through intensive rain and earthquake. Region wise Himalayan is one of prone area of world in context of slope failure hazard; i.e. Landslide, especially Balakot valley is well known for damage of public infrastructure, roads and badly affected the tourism sector. The objective of this study is to develop landslide hazard map and database inventory of balakot tehsil and identify the Tourist resorts landslide hazard condition and hazard prone road site and developed guidelines for tourist about hazardous site and their intensity of landside, which could be useful for tourism sector and sustainable development in balakot valley. In this study we used weighted overlay analysis in arc GIS environment on primary and secondary data raster layers, like slope map, Slope Aspect map, precipitation and seismic raster maps were used to develop landslide hazard zonation map of balakot tehsil. Slope and Aspect map were developed using 30 meter aster digital elevation model. Precipitation map were developed through Inverse Distance weighted (IDW) interpolation method on annual precipitation data acquired from Pakistan meteorological department. Seismic map were acquired from Geological Survey of Pakistan (GSP). Landslide zonation map has three hazards class high, Medium and low. The landslide exposure of high hazard class 499 sq.km while, Medium class 1016 sq.km and low hazard class having 749 sq. km exposure in balakot tehsil respectively. Landslide hazard zonation mapping using GIS and RS is the best way to assess the risk of landslide hazard in mountainous areas. The study recommended that ground penetrating radar (GPR) and soil testing based research well help to understand in-depth of landslide hazard condition in balakot valley.

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Grischek, T., D. Schoenheinz, C. Syhre, and K. Saupe. "Impact of decreasing water demand on bank filtration in Saxony, Germany." Drinking Water Engineering and Science 3, no. 1 (January 29, 2010): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwes-3-11-2010.

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Abstract. Bank filtration has been of great importance to the drinking water supply in Germany for many decades. The water quality of pumped raw water from bank filtration sites depends to a high degree on the water quality of the infiltrating surface water and the landside groundwater, the mixed portion of both, as well as the flow and transport conditions in the aquifer. Following the improvement of river water quality and a drastic decrease in water demand during the last 20 years in Germany, the influence of landside groundwater quality has become more important for the raw water quality of waterworks relying on bank filtration. The hydrogeologic analysis of three bank filtration sites in Saxony and the management of abstraction rates and well operation in response to fluctuating water demand are discussed.

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Nasiri, Mehran, and Mojtaba Mohamadzade. "Cut slope stability assessment along forest roads using the limit equilibrium approaches and Slide software." Journal of Forest Science 68, No. 5 (May 26, 2022): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/21/2022-jfs.

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Calculating the factor of safety (FS) as slope stability factor is necessary to prevent environmental damage. Therefore, this paper aims to (i) calculate FS using the limit equilibrium approaches and Slide software and (ii) investigate the stability of slopes according to calculated FS (Janbu and Bishop methods) and status of different sites in the study area (Hyrcanian forest of Iran). Six landslides were selected along the forest road by a field survey. Landslide dimensions including length, width, and height were measured using meters. Slope gradients were measured using the Suunto clinometer. The Slide software was used to evaluate the stability analysis of slopes. According to laboratory tests on soil samples the average of the liquid limit was recorded as 58%. The results of the direct shear test showed that the rate of soil cohesion (c) and coefficient of friction angle (φ) decreased with an increase in moisture content. According to the results, the factors of safety for landslide sites (Sites 1–6) were calculated to be 1.3, 0.65, 0.76, 0.55, 1.19 and 1.51, respectively. These calculated FS can accurately determine the slope status in terms of slope stability. According to the software classification, the status of Site 1 is “susceptible to landside”. Sites 2, 3 and 4 are “very high risk”. Also, the status of Sites 5 and 6 are “high risk” and “stable”, respectively. The instability of the slopes in studied sites is related to the drainage system (lack of culverts or ditches) as well as marlstone as bedrock. According to the calculated FS in different sites and comparison of the obtained results with the real conditions of sites, it can be concluded that the slope stability analysis in the Slide software is very accurate and it can be used to determine the factor of safety under different conditions in terms of morphology, hydrology and soil mechanics.

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Rucińska, Danuta, and Andrzej Ruciński. "Determinants of management of the modern landside areas." Transport Economics and Logistics 80 (December 31, 2018): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/etil.2018.80.20.

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Modern airports and neighboring areas are characterized by functional integration, conducive to the targeted space management. Airports, in addition to strictly aerial functions, participate in non-aeronautical business activities. Such business activity generates economic benefits for all participants of the market environment and in many airports they exceed revenues from basic activity. The determinants of the scale and directions of development of landside areas are external factors (location, spatial, geopolitical, formal and legal) and internal (market, economic, marketing, environmental, other) individualized for particular airports. The dynamic development of processes and their effects justify the purposefulness of the problem and its exemplification. For its presentation, the method of verifying source literature and accumulated research material was used.

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Cox, James, Dennis Mahoney, and Mike Smart. "Port Botany’s Landside: Market Pricing to Address Congestion." Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy 28, no. 1 (March 2009): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.2009.00006.x.

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Farrell, Alexander E., Deborah H. Redman, James J. Corbett, and James J. Winebrake. "Comparing air pollution from ferry and landside commuting." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 8, no. 5 (September 2003): 343–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1361-9209(03)00021-x.

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Froyland, Gary, Thorsten Koch, Nicole Megow, Emily Duane, and Howard Wren. "Optimizing the landside operation of a container terminal." OR Spectrum 30, no. 1 (August 4, 2007): 53–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00291-007-0082-7.

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Prabowo, Urip Nurwijayanto, Akmal Ferdiyan, and Ayu Fitri Amalia. "The Soft Layer Thickness Estimation using Microtremor Measurement to Identify Landside Potential in Watukumpul, Central Java, Indonesia." Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology 6, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/jgeet.2021.6.1.5436.

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Watukumpul is an area that is prone to landslides, so determining the soft layer thickness is very important to identify the landslide potential. The soft layer thickness can be estimated using microtremor signal measurements which analyzed using the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR). In this study,we measured microtremor signal of 33location around Watukumpul, Pemalang, Central Java area to determine soft layer thickness. Micretremor signal was analyzed based on theHVSR method using Geopsy software and follow the standard of the Sesame Europan Project. The results of the HVSR method are the HVSR curve that fulfills the reliable curve standard. HVSR curve shows that the dominant frequency of soft layer ranges from 1.36 – 7.62 Hz and the amplification values ranges from 9.00 – 41.45. The soft layer thickness value in the study area ranges from 17.58 - 103.60 meters. The high landslide potential area are located at W7, W8, W18, W30 and W32 where has thin soft layer and high soil slope.

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Ceccato, Francesca, Stefano Malvestio, and Paolo Simonini. "Effect of Animal Burrows on the Vulnerability of Levees to Concentrated Erosion." Water 14, no. 18 (September 6, 2022): 2777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14182777.

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Earth dams and levees often offer an attractive habitat for burrowing animals such as porcupines, nutria, badgers, etc. However, their activity may damage the earth structure, potentially leading to catastrophic failures. If the burrow system connects the waterside and the landside, water flows through the pipe and it can start concentrated erosion. This paper shows that the conditions to trigger concentrated erosion can be generated by a local instability mechanism of the landside slope in which the soil cover between the cavity and the surface is expulsed due to increasing water pressure. A simplified model based on the limit equilibrium method is proposed and compared with bi-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element analyses. This mechanism can better explain real failure cases. The results provide useful suggestions for the assessment of levee vulnerability to animal burrows and for the management of water retaining structures.

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43

Grischek, T., D. Schoenheinz, C. Syhre, and K. Saupe. "Impact of decreasing water demand on bank filtration in Saxony, Germany." Drinking Water Engineering and Science Discussions 2, no. 2 (August 27, 2009): 101–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwesd-2-101-2009.

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Abstract. Bank filtration has been of main importance for the drinking water supply in Germany for many decades. The water quality of pumped raw water from bank filtration sites depends to a high degree on the water quality of the infiltrating surface water and the landside groundwater, the mixing portion of both as well as the flow and transport conditions in the aquifer. Since the improvement of river water quality and a drastic decrease in water demand during the last 15 years in Germany, the influence of landside groundwater quality has become more important for the raw water quality of waterworks relying on bank filtration. The hydrogeologic analysis of three bank filtration sites in Saxony and the management of abstraction rates and well operation in response to fluctuating water demand are discussed. In conclusion, a general overview on management options for bank filtration sites is provided.

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Lowson, Martin. "Personal Rapid Transit for Airport Applications." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1930, no. 1 (January 2005): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193000112.

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Personal rapid transit (PRT) systems offer a series of new opportunities for effective solution of airport-related transport problems, both on the landside and airside of the airport. A comparative analysis is offered of the potential advantages and disadvantages of this form of transport for airport applications. The work is illustrated by a case study of the application of the ULTra PRT system to serve passenger and staff car parks at Heathrow. The small scale and flexibility of the ULTra infrastructure allow use of the tunnel side bores and provide unexpectedly simple integration with the complex central terminal area. Detailed comparisons show a benefit of 60% in trip time and 40% in operating cost over current buses. The study shows that such forms of transport are well matched to landside applications for airports. An outline evaluation of possible benefits for airside operations is also presented.

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Bentolila, David J., Ronit Kastro Ziedenveber, Yehuda Hayuth, and Theo Notteboom. "Off-peak truck deliveries at container terminals: the “Good Night” program in Israel." Maritime Business Review 1, no. 1 (April 25, 2016): 2–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-03-2016-0005.

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Purpose Avoiding truck congestion and peaks in landside activity is one of the challenges to container terminal managers. The spreading of truck arrivals at terminals can be facilitated by widening the opening hours of terminals at the landside. Israel’s Ministry of Transport has instituted the “Good Night Program”, involving monetary incentives for importers and exporters who deliver containers to ports at night. Design/methodology/approach This paper aims to quantitatively examine the market utility resulting from shifting traffic from daytime to nighttime, and analyzes customer considerations regarding nighttime transportation. Findings The external utility found in the traffic-economics model is quite similar to the economic incentive given to customers. Therefore, a significant increase of the incentive is not feasible. Originality/value Furthermore, it seems that an incentive method by itself is not effective enough, and does not motivate customers to act and find creative solutions to the obstacles they face. To achieve a considerable change in nighttime transport to Israeli ports, more effective methods should be examined.

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Szymankiewicz, Łukasz. "The Modus Operandi of Terrorist Attacks Using Improvised Explosive Devices In Landside Zones From 2001 To 2018." Journal of KONBiN 52, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2022-0027.

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Abstract The paper concerns the analysis of changes in the modus operandi of terrorist attacks in the landside zones, in order to identify the areas that are most vulnerable to attack using IEDs. Attacks carried out in the passenger terminal and in the car parks were analysed.

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L’Ortye, J., M. Mitici, and H. G. Visser. "Robust flight-to-gate assignment with landside capacity constraints." Transportation Planning and Technology 44, no. 4 (April 27, 2021): 356–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2021.1919347.

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Roy, Debjit, Jan-Kees van Ommeren, René de Koster, and Amir Gharehgozli. "Modeling landside container terminal queues: Exact analysis and approximations." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 162 (August 2022): 73–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2022.05.012.

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KUMANO, Shintaro, Masanobu MIZOGUCHI, Tetsuya TAKINE, and Masao FUKUSHIMA. "Optimal Operation of Airport Landside Flow with Multiple Inspections." Transactions of the Institute of Systems, Control and Information Engineers 18, no. 4 (2005): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5687/iscie.18.146.

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Jaehn, Florian, and Dominik Kress. "Scheduling cooperative gantry cranes with seaside and landside jobs." Discrete Applied Mathematics 242 (June 2018): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dam.2017.06.015.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Landside'

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