Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Langmuir-Blodgett, Couches de – Biocompatibilité'
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Deschênes, Louise. "Organisation moléculaire de films de langmuir de polymères non-ioniques : cas du PEO et effet de la nature du bloc hydorphobe sur ses copolymères blocs à l'interface air/eau." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19896.
Full textDourthe, Céline. "Films de Langmuir-Blodgett de conducteurs organiques du tetrathiofulvalène." Bordeaux 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR10518.
Full textBourgoin, Jean-Philippe. "Films de Langmuir-Blodgett conducteurs. Dopage a l'iode ou autodopage?" Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112321.
Full textRomualdo, Torres Gemma. "Systèmes hybrides en films de Langmuir et Langmuir-Blodgett." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00815388.
Full textLecourt, Boris. "Ellipsométrie spectroscopique conventionnelle et généralisée de films moléculaires ultraminces : bases théoriques et instrumentales, application à l'étude de films Langmuir-Blodgett et de films autosupportés." Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10580.
Full textLe, Calvez Annie. "Etude par des méthodes d'optique non linéaires de milieux semi-organisés (cristaux liquides et films Langmuir-Blodgett) et amorphes (verres polés)." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10519.
Full textJego, Carole. "Orientation moléculaire dans le plan des films de Langmuir-Blodgett : étude de dérivés calamitiques." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10619.
Full textMonin-Soyer, Hélène. "Complexes à conversion de spin et agrégats métalliques organisés en film de Langmuir-Blodgett." Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10635.
Full textVignau, Laurence. "Étude du transfert de charge sur les électrodes modifiées par des films de Langmuir-Blodgett." Bordeaux 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR10717.
Full textMouhsen, Ahmed. "Contribution à l'étude de creusement de trous spectraux dans les films de Langmuir-Blodgett." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10568.
Full textOuattara, Mariane. "Polymères amphiphiles : des films Langmuir-Blodgett au transistor." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26569.
Full textOver the past 25 years, interest in the use of organic semiconductors as active layers in field effect transistors (TFTs) instead of silicon has grown dramatically. The use of π-conjugated polymers in this area has greatly driven this growth. Over time, there has been an improvement in performance achieved contributing to the emergence of new materials. However, the performances of organic semiconductors remains inferior that of their inorganic counterpart regarding parameters such as the mobility and stability. Better results could be achieved if the charge transport was done without hindrance. Thus, a very good organiza- tion within the material is needed. In this regard, amphiphilic polymers based on thieno [3,4-c] pyrrole-4,6-dione (TPD) units were synthesized. By using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique (LB) to optimize the organization of the molecules within the films, it was possible to achieve stable films with a collapse pressure of 60 mN/m. Brewster angle (BAM) and atomic force (AFM) microscopies have demonstrated that homogeneous films are obtained at the air-water interface (BAM) and remain so once transferred onto a solid substrate (AFM). Orientation has been studied mainly by attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR). Other spectroscopic techniques such as UV-visible, absorption polarization modulation infrared reflection spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) and ellipsometry have confirmed the ATR results. Measurements show that molecules adopted an edge-on orientation in the polymer films. To complete this project, organic transistors were fabricated. Interesting mobility values of 1.2 × 10-3 cm2/(V.s) were recorded for organic LB film transistors.
Antoine, Claire. "Composés d'insertion inorganiques en films de Langmuir-Blodgett." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112328.
Full textLeonard-Latour, Marilyse. "Elaboration et caractérisation d'assemblages phospholipidiques de type Langmuir-Blodgett contenant l'acétylcholinestérase." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10261.
Full textPorcel, Claudine Voegel Jean-Claude Schaaf Pierre. "Etude de la construction de films de polyélectrolytes par nébulisation." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2006. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/629/01/th%C3%A8se.pdf.
Full textPorcel, Claudine. "Etude de la construction de films de polyélectrolytes par nébulisation." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/PORCEL_Claudine_2006.pdf.
Full textVarious techniques have been developed to coat solid substrates by thin organic films starting with liquid solutions or dispersions. For the last two decades, the layer by layer (LbL) polyelectrolyte deposition technique has recieve a constant attention. It consists in the alternate deposition of polyanions and polycations on solid surface leading to the formation of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs). In this manuscript, we developed a new way to deposit PEMs by a spraying process. An automated spraying device was built and used to study:the film construction by spraying simultaneously and continuously a poly(glutamic acid) and a poly(allylamine),and the growth of an exponential growing PEM of poly(L-lysine) and hyaluronic acid (PLL/HA). We observed that the film growth undergoes a transition between an exponential to a linear regime when the film thickness is up to 200 nm in the dry state. A model in “3 zones” is discussed to explain the growth mechanism of such films
Tanazefti, Kaïs. "Caractérisation de films de Langmuir et de Langmuir-Blodgett de molécules mésogènes." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA055020.
Full textFontaine, Philippe. "Polymérisation bidimensionnelles dans les couches de la Langmuir : le cas des n-alkyltrialkoxysilanes." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10119.
Full textAuduc, Boyer Nathalie. "Elaboration et caractérisation de films Langmuir-Blodgett de polyaminoacides par analyses de surface." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO19009.
Full textMüller, Pierre. "Phase ordonnee anisotrope dans un film de langmuir : morphologie, croissance et tension de ligne." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066588.
Full textDevaux, Carole. "Étude modèle de la polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée en surface : couches minces de polystyrène à densité variable : structure et mobilité." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10275.
Full textCadiou, Cyril. "Synthèse et applications de bisphtalocyanines de lutétium portant des chaînes hydrophiles et hydrophobes." Brest, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BRES2004.
Full textCamus, Laurent. "Films Langmuir-Blodgett à base de phosphonate de zirconium : application en catalyse et séparation photoinduite de charges." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT2046.
Full textMorisson, Vincent. "Sels de cations radicaux et films de Langmuir-Blodgett d'analogues du tétrathiafulvalène (TTF), à grande extension spatiale, enrichis en atomes de soufre et de sélénium." Angers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ANGE0010.
Full textLemineur, Jean-Francois. "Films Langmuir-Blodgett composés de copolymères di-blocs et de nanoparticules métalliques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27773.
Full textThe present Ph. D. thesis treats the investigation of the self-assembly of block copolymers and metallic nanoparticles at the air-water interface. Metallic nanoparticles interact strongly with light because of the collective oscillation of the conduction electrons. This phenomenon is called the localized surface plasmon resonance and offer significant promise in the development of optical materials. However, the strength and frequency of the surface plasmon depend on several parameters, including details of the arrangement of the nanoparticles. As block copolymers can form nanodomains at the surface of water, they represent a simple way to organize nanoparticles in two dimensions. With the help of the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, it has been possible to form composite monolayers composed of nanoparticles and block copolymers, which are transferable on solid substrate. The Langmuir-Blodgett composite films have been characterized both by atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Several self-assemblies, including aggregates, core-satellite structures, nanorings, and particle lines have been observed. The structural characteristics of these assemblies can be tuned precisely by modifying the copolymer organization and the capping ligand length at the nanoparticle surface. In addition, an in situ regrowth procedure has been developed to increase the size of the incorporated nanoparticles without losing the order of the monolayers. Then, optical properties of the self-assemblies have been investigated experimentally and compared to theoretical calculations by the discrete dipole approximation. Particular attention has been paid to the nanoring structures, which are highly symmetrical and complicated to obtain with other fabrication procedures. Finally, the thesis presents a series of preliminary experiments intended to assess the usefulness of the monolayers for sensing applications.
Godoy-Violot, Stéphanie. "Insertion orientée de protéines fonctionnelles dans des films biomimétiques de Langmuir-Blodgett." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10136.
Full textEl, Abed Abdel Illah. "Structure de films de langmuir de cristaux liquides pyramidiques." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05S006.
Full textPerez, Javier. "Comportement de sels colonnaires à l'interface air-eau films de Langmuir-Blodgett anisotropes." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112349.
Full textEl, Kirat-Chatel Karim. "Interaction de la phospholipase D avec des systèmes lipidiques biomimétiques : rôle de l'organisation membranaire sur l'activité de cette enzyme." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10191.
Full textLabat, Stéphane. "Contraintes et déformations dans des multicouches Au/Ni, 111 : rôle des interfaces et de la microstructure." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX30028.
Full textBurgos, Pierre. "Microscopie de fluorescence en champ proche : fabrication de nano-sondes et visualisation des " rafts " lipidiques dans des couches de Langmuir." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPL078N.
Full textCini, Nejla. "Comparison of polyelectrolyte complex formation in bulk and at interfaces." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/CINI_Nejla_2010.pdf.
Full textPolyelectrolyte complexes,PECs, form by mixing solutions of polyanions and polycations with the release of the counterions. PEC formation can take place in bulk and/or at interfaces, the latter phenomenon has led to the developement of a new form of nanostructured hybrid materials in the form of thin films. The aim of the present study is to compare the properties of PECs in bulk solution and PECs at interfaces formed by layerbylayer method in the identical conditions as in the bulk solution depending on the parameters such as concentration, stoichiometry, pH, and ionic strength. For this purpose, poly(sodium phosphate), PSP, and poly(allylamine hydrochloride), PAH were choosen. The complex formation between PSP/PAH in bulk was investigated by conductometry,viscosimetry,spectroscopy,DLS and zeta potential determination methods. PSP/PAH complex formation at interface was carried out by LbL spray-deposition and is examined by ellipsometry,AFM and zeta potential measurements. As a result, the dimensions of the nanoscale pattern are obtained as a function of the number of deposition cycles. The evolution of the PEI-(PSP-PAH)n deposits and PSP/PAH complex formation occurs in the same range both in bulk and in LbL deposition in which the complexation process can be interrupted by drying and the kinetically trapped states are investigated. In this work, selfpatterning polyelectrolyte multilayers are described for the first time. The kind of observed increase in grain size and the apparent existence of different scales of roughness could have very interesting applications; such as, super-hydrophobic coatings complementary to those being designed using traditional LbL approach
AGUILHON, LAURENT. "Realisation et caracterisation de transistors a effet de champ a base de couches langmuir-blodgett conductrices." Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112005.
Full textAnceau, Christelle Chantal Ginette. "Réponse non-linéaire locale de monocouches moléculaires ordonnées et effets d'exaltations sur les structures métalliques granulaires, sondés par microscopie à 2 photons." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002VERS013V.
Full textMultiphoton microscopy has become a powerful method for imaging chemical and biological samples, especially for lives cells due to the penetration depth in biologic tissues and the photo-damage threshold. Spatial resolution close to that in confocal microscopy , temporal and anisotropic studies are some of advantages in the submicroscopic scale for physics. This describe relates the setup of a 2-photon microscope and its the advantages in submicroscopic physics. Characteristics. Spatial esolution (near 400 nanometers), implementation of spectral detection and polarization analysis made possible local 2-photon fluorescence and second harmonic generation studies on different samples. The samples studied are molecular monolayers deposited by the Langmuir-Blodgett method. Polarization studies are a sensitive method to probe the symmetry and the local orientation of the molecular distribution. The second part of this thesis presents the sub-microscopic nonlinear optical properties of granular gold samples supporting local plasmon resonances. The existence of a strong second harmonic generation enhancement confined in sub-microscopic-sized regions was found to depend on roughness on the sample. While the local nonlinear response is shown to be strongly depolarized, it still reflects the local morphology and therefore the local-field anisotropy in the sample plane. The last part of this work focuses on the nonlinear response of a molecular monolayers deposited on gold nanostructures. Enhancement of molecular nonlinear responses are observed but photo-damage is a limiting factor. Measurement of fluorescence lifetime relates a chemical interaction between molecules and metal
Girard-Egrot, Agnès. "Mise au point de nouvelles couches sensibles biospécifiques (type Langmuir-Blodgett) pour la réalisation de biocapteurs ultrasensibles." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10083.
Full textMarron-Brignone, Lucile. "Association et rétention d'une protéine enzymatique avec des films de type Langmuir-Blodgett : interactions lipide - protéine entre la luciférase de luciole et des films d'acides gras, de phospholipides et de glycolipides." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10337.
Full textManiti, Ofelia. "La créatine kinase mitochondriale - organisatrice de la membrane mitochondriale ? : ségrégation de la cardiolipine sur des monocouches phospholipidiques : perturbations induites par un agent issu de la peroxydation lipidique, le 4-hydroxynonénal." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10162.
Full textThe interaction between the mitochondrial isoform of creatine kinase (mtCK) and a mitochondrial inner membrane biomimetic model was analysed using phospholipid monolayers at the air-buffer interface. New insight on the structural and morphological consequences both on protein and membrane was obtained. As visualised by Brewster angle microscopy, mtCK induces formation of specific protein – cardiolipin complexes, leading to the segregation of cardiolipin molecules. MtCK binding occurs with partial insertion between lipids and results in an overall stabilisation of the membrane, as indicated by differential capacity measurements. A reorientation of protein -helical structures was also observed by polarisation modulation infrared reflexion-absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS). Formation of mtCK – cardiolipin complexes was found to be highly dependable of acyl chain unsaturation. This is of physiological relevance as one of the main characteristics of cardiolipin in muscle mitochondria is the high percentage of linoleic acid (C18:2). MtCK-induced segregation may contribute to membrane organisation by modulating cardiolipin distribution, and consequently membrane binding of other molecules such as cytochrome c or Bcl-2 family proteins. Mitochondrial membranes are the site of numerous peroxydation processes. MtCK structure and localisation in the vicinity of the membrane make it a target for oxidative molecules produced during such processes. Among these molecules, 4-hydroxynonenal, induces enzyme inactivation, modifies its structure and induces accumulation of aggregates at membranes. MtCK binding to model membranes, liposomes or monolayers, is thus disturbed. All these complex perturbation were analysed and debated under a physiological point of view along this thesis work
Bridonneau, Nathalie. "Architectures multimétalliques fonctionnelles : comportement de molécule-aimant et photo-magnétisme." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066570.
Full textThis work focuses on the synthesis of discrete molecules showing bifunctionality based on single-molecule magnet behavior or photo-switchable processes. The first part of this work concerns information storage at the molecular scale via the synthesis of anisotropic high spin compounds displaying a single-molecule magnet behavior. New compounds (CoMn6, CrMn6, S = 21/2) have been obtained showing the important role of the control of intermolecular interactions. Particular attention has been paid to the design of multifunctional supramolecular architectures bearing three or four different metal ions. Using the strategy « polynuclear complexes as ligand », new families of compounds have been developed, exhibiting different topologies such as derivatives of CoTbCu complexes or hetero-tetra-metallic compounds (i. E. MoCuTb-Ni). The second part of this work is devoted to the synthesis of photomagnetic « Molybdenum-Copper » complexes. The synthesis of model compounds, MoZn2 and MoZn0. 95Cu0. 05, and the study of the photo-induced metastable states enabled a better understanding of the photomagnetic behavior. Thus, a spin transition on the molybdenum center and a photo-induced electron transfer from the molybdenum to the copper has been demonstrated. Higher nuclearity compounds have also been obtained, Mo3Cu4 and Mo6Cu13. Finally, the deposition of photo-magnetic molecules on surface as also been carried out using Langmuir-Blodgett technique
Cavaliere-Jaricot, Sara. "Films de Langmuir-Blodgett à base de nanoparticules de platine à enrobage organique modifié : élaboration, caractérisation et comportement électrochimique." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS0037.
Full textThe aim of this work is the elaboration and the physico-chemical and electrochemical characterization of Langmuir-Blodgett films (LB) of platinum nanoparticles capped by 4-mercaptoaniline. Such organic crown can be modified by chemical reactions (over-grafting reactions), leading to the modification of the proprieties (stability, solubility, structure, conductivity…) of such nanocomposite systems. We studied the variation of the electrochemical behavior with the capping agent towards two main probes: [Fe(CN)6]3-/4-, a traditional mono-electronic outer-sphere probe, and oxygen, a multi-electronic surface-sensible probe with interesting applications (fuel cells). The electroactivity of such nanocomposites is detected without any previous activation. Their stability in terms of composition and structure after electrochemical cycling is supported by XPS analysis. LB technique allows the elaboration of mono-molecular films with control on thickness, particle density and structure. Then, we varied these parameters to study the evolution of nanocomposite electrochemical behavior. The experiences on the variation of the nanoparticle amount and on the elaboration of hetero-nanostructures composed by layers of different composition led to the comprehension of the how the electrochemical processes take place on such systems. The study of other structure-sensitive electrochemical probes (N2H4, NH3, H2…) allowed us to make an hypothesis on the crystal planes exposed by the Pt nanoparticles
Sandras, Florent. "Etude de l'organisation de films ultraminces de protéines par microspectroscopie Raman et autres techniques." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR12990.
Full textAbrakhi, Sanae. "Surfaces à mouillabilité modulable." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CERG0561/document.
Full textWe report on the elaboration of photosensitive polymer materials using three different methods : synthesis of polymer networks, the Langmuir-Blodgett technique and the spin-coating. The modulation of the photo-induced wetting properties has been studied by dynamic contact angle measurements and correlated to the photochemical processes, trans→cis isomerization and/or dimerization of the photosensitive groups.Two different photosensitive polymers have been synthesized, a cellulosic polymer modified by cinnamate groups and copolymers which combine the photo-induced properties of azobenzene groups and the anti-adhesive properties of fluorinated monomers. The density of photosensitive groups was varied by changing either the grafting density of cinnamate groups in the cellulosic polymer, or the composition of the copolymer. The photochemical processes of these photosensitive polymers were characterized in solution as well as in the different films or materials. After characterization of the two types of films prepared with these polymers, Langmuir-Blodgett and spin-coated films, and of the crosslinked materials, the wetting properties of water and diiodomethane were studied before and after UV irradiation. The results show that the sample preparation and the photosensitive groups environment play a significant role in the involved photochemical processes and the associated wetting properties
Provence, Michel. "Fonctionnalisation de micro-capteurs par la technique de Langmuir-Blodgett : application à la détection du glucose." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10301.
Full textMorandat, Sandrine. "Oxydation de phospholipides polyinsaturés dans des systèmes membranaires biomimétiques : effets de molécules amphiphiles et d'enzymes antioxydantes." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10119.
Full textBillard, Valérie. "Elaboration d'une couche sensible incorporant des anticorps : Appplication aux immunocapteurs pour la détection directe de toxine bactérienne." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ECDL0038.
Full textWan, Kai. "Etude de différentes méthodes de biofonctionnalisation pour la réalisation de biocapteurs. Application à la détection de pesticides." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1999. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1819_kwan.pdf.
Full textFaure, Delphine. "Polymorphisme structural d'agrégats en solution : conception, synthèses et études physico-chimiques d'amphiphiles de type azobenzène." Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12866.
Full textGéan, Julie. "Réalisation de systèmes membranaires modèles et étude de leur organisation par microscopie à l'angle de Brewster, spéctroscopie PM-IRRAS et dichroi͏̈sme circulaire vibrationnel." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12896.
Full textSallenave, Xavier. "2H-chromènes à propriétés complexantes : synthèse et caractérisation d'assemblages photo-induits." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12737.
Full text2H-chromenes constitute a class of photochromes which have been mainly studied for applications as pigments in the ophthalmic industry for over fifteen years. In this thesis, we investigated different uses of 2H-chromene compounds in supramolecular chemistry with particular regard to the complexation of complementary molecules and photomodulation of organised assemblies. In the first part, we used the photoinduced ring opening process to generate a carbonyl group, a particulary good hydrogen bond acceptor group. This structural difference between the closed form (CF) and open forms (OF) allows the modulation of the hydrogen bonding motif. Several 3,3-diphényl-3H-naphtho[2,1-b] pyrans, which present three or four accessible hydrogen bonding sites groups after ring-opening, were synthetized and studied using UV-visible spectroscopy. 1H and 19F NMR studies permitted the elucidation of the different open form geometries and homo-dimer formation via the self-complementary hydrogen bonding motif. The 2H-chromenes with ester or ketone functions in 5-position indicated an unprecedented photochromic behaviour for this family: two stable states are obtained via ultraviolet followed by visible irradiation, affording a molecular photo-switch. In a second section, a gelating agent derived from N-acyl-11-aminoundecanoic acid, bearing a chromene unit and responding to different exterior stimuli other than temperature (acidity and irradiation) was obtained and studied. Finally, the 2H-chromene entity was introduced into an amphiphilic molecule to form photoswitchable Langmuir-Blodgett films with controllable properties
Bury, Izabela. "Conception et synthèse de dendrimères séquencés de type Janus : Etude de leur organisation supramoléculaire." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/BURY_Izabela_2004.pdf.
Full textThe chemistry of fractal molecules such as dendrimers has arose a lot of interest over the past twenty years, but it is only recently that systems combining both a dendritic scaffold and termini functionalised by mesogenic end-groups have been reported. Liquid Crystal Dendrimers (LCDs) represent a new class of mesomorphic materials, showing interesting properties, with additionally potential uses in various areas of materials science such as new functionalised materials with possible applications in medicine and pharmacology, catalysis, toxicology etc. The object of this thesis is the design and the synthesis of new dendritic liquid crystal materials possessing a segmented structure (i. E. Two hemispherical segments with antagonist chemical character: hydrophilic and hydrophobic, or liphophilic and liphophobic) via a convergent method. Two series of dendrimers were prepared: amphiphilic and semifluorinated. In this work, the physical and chemical properties as a function of generations, particularly the thermotropic properties of liquid crystals and of Langmuir films in block-segmented dendrimers, have been studied and analysed in detail. Most of the amphiphilic compounds displayed thermotropic mesomorphism, where columnar and cubic mesophases were recognized. The formation of liquid and solid Langmuir films was observed. A study of the thermotropic behaviour of semifluorinated dendrimers showed the strong influence of the fluorinated fraction on the thermodynamical stability of columnar and smectic mesophases, which revealed to be more stable in the same temperature range than the mesophases of the amphiphilic analogues. Molecular engineering of segmented block dendrimers has been proved to be powerful in obtaining new mesomorphic macromolecular materials exhibiting also lyotropic properties; this can be considered as being an interesting approach to biological systems
Ladhari, Nadia. "Nanostructurations de films multicouches de polyélectrolytes." Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2009/LADHARI_Nadia_2009.pdf.
Full textSumary : Polyelectrolyte multilayer films bring a new opportunity to change the nature of interactions between a material and its environment. Our study consisted in developping new functionalizations of these films in three different aspects. At first we modified the surface topography of a multilayer film. Through an embossing technique we transferred a microstructured pattern into a (PDADMAC-PSS)20 film from a polydimethylsiloxane stamp. The parallel, lengthwise channels we printed in it keep their morphology and their depth when stored in the dry state or in a NaCl 0. 15M solution. These microstructured films might be used for cellular guidance or for microfluidic applications. In a second part we built up a two-compartment structured film and functionnalized it with titane dioxide nanoparticles. The (PDADMAC-PSS)20-(PDADMAC-TiO2)n stratified films were obtained by an original reactive spray deposition method. Our results showed that hybrid films, enriched in TiO2, display photoinduced superhydrophilicity and exhibit a property to UV filtration. At last we loaded various kinds of films with insulin from a aqueous solution containing this biological molecule. Our experiments allowed us to expect drug release in a solution mimicking biological fluids. This study opens the route for easy and versatile multifunctionalization methods of biomaterial coatings
Santafe, Aurélie. "Couches chimiluminescentes de Langmuir-Blodgett pour une détection sans marquage basée sur une intéraction type métal / chélate." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10190.
Full textA new label‐free detection method for biomolecular interactions was developed. It is based on the development of an original sensitive layer performed with the Langmuir‐ Blodgett technique. This layer is composed of a lipid which immobilized a bivalent metallic cation on his polar head, able (i) to chelate a molecule which has an affinity for this cation and (ii) to catalyze the luminol chemiluminescent reaction. The chemiluminescent signal intensity is modulated by the presence of immobilized biomolecules on the sensitive layer surface, which modifies the immediate environmentof the metallic cation. The chemiluminescent signal variation (from catalysis by the metallic cation) has been quantified and correlated to a histamine and antibody concentration range. The potentialities of this approach have finally been employed to achieve a PMMA chip (macroarray type), immobilizing the lipid monolayer