Relevant bibliographies by topics / Language and languages – Ethiopia

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Language and languages – Ethiopia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Language and languages – Ethiopia"

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Hudson, Grover. "Languages of Ethiopia and Languages of the 1994 Ethiopian Census." Aethiopica 7 (October 22, 2012): 160–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/aethiopica.7.1.286.

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The 1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia gathered considerable information of linguistic interest, notably the number of speakers of seventy-seven languages which it recognized. The Census’s list is largely consistent with lists of languages recognized in current research by Ethiopianist linguists. However, problems of two sorts arise in the Census list: dialects counted as languages and languages counted as dialects. Survey of research in Ethiopian linguistics supports instead the existence of seventy-three Ethiopian languages now spoken, a list of languages and their dialects which includes varieties of speech recognized and unrecognized by the Census.
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Walga, Tamene Keneni. "Prospects and Challenges of Afan Oromo: A Commentary." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 6 (2021): 606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1106.03.

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Afan Oromo- the language of the Oromo- is also known as Oromo. The word ‘Oromo’ refers to both the People of Oromo and their language. It is one of the widely spoken indigenous African languages. It is also spoken in multiple countries in Africa including Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan and Tanzania among others. Moreover, it is spoken as a native language, second language and lingua-franca across Ethiopia and beyond. Regardless of its scope in terms of number of speakers and geographical area it covers, Afan Oromo as a literary language is only emerging due to perpetuating unfair treatment it received from successive Ethiopian regimes. This commentary sought to examine prospects and challenges of Afan Oromo. To this end, drawing on existing literature and author’s own personal observations, salient prospects and challenges of Afan Oromo have been presented and briefly discussed. Suggestions to confront the challenges foreseen have been proposed by the author where deemed necessary. The paper concludes with author’s concluding remarks concerning the way forward.
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Wolff, H. Ekkehard, Sileshi Berhanu, and Getinet Fulea. "On Visibility and Legitimisation of Languages: The ‘Linguistic Landscape’ in Adaama, Ethiopia." Aethiopica 16 (March 9, 2014): 149–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/aethiopica.16.1.704.

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With a focus on the city of Adaama (formerly: Nazret), the biggest urban agglomeration in Oromia Regional State, the paper addresses the “linguistic landscape” which is indicative of the overall sociolinguistic situation of a polity. Language use in the public space has not only practical-instrumental, but also historical, political, juridical, and most of allpsycho-sociological dimensions, the latter relating to the symbolic value of written language use. The paper deals with multilingual graphic representations on public commercial and private sign-boards, advertisements, and notices in Adaama city, with an additionalfocus on the situation on the campus of Adama Science and Technology University. Under the chosen theoretical framework, it analyses language visibility in terms of language legitimisation, both in terms of peoples’ attitudes and based on official documents regarding language status and language use in present-day Ethiopia, such as the Education and Training Policy (1994), the Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (1995), the Revised Constitution of Oromia Regional State(2001/2006), and the Higher Education Proclamation (2009). The primary focus of the paper is on the status, functions, and representations of AfanOromo, including a review of the major historico-political changes affecting this language from Imperial Ethiopa (before 1974), the Därg period (until 1991), and under the new Constitution of the FDRE (since 1995). The paper also deals with linguistic and graphic issues concerning the “orthographic” representations of the four languages used: Afan Oromo, Amharic, Arabic, and English, involving three different graphic systems: Fidäl (Abugida), Arabic, and Roman.
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Kifleyesus, Abbebe. "The Argobba of Ethiopia are not the Language they Speak." Aethiopica 9 (September 24, 2012): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/aethiopica.9.1.238.

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The Argobba of southeastern Wällo and northeastern Šäwa live amongst and speak the languages of the Amhara and the Oromo with great ease as if they are members of these ethnic groups. For them Amharic and Afaan Oromoo are the languages of administration and market transaction and therefore important for Argobba survival in a region domi-nated by these two ethno-linguistic groups. Yet the Argobba I met in these lands identified themselves as Argobba, and they were known as such, despite the fact that several of them had Amharic or Afaan Oromoo as their first language. The central claim of this article is therefore that the Argobba of this region define themselves as Argobba based on their traditions, customs, beliefs, values, and total cultural practices and not on the basis of who can or cannot speak the Argobba language.
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Dadoo, Yousuf. "LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL AFFINITIES: THE CASE OF ARABIC AND ETHIOPIAN LANGUAGES." Journal for Semitics 25, no. 2 (2017): 700–725. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1013-8471/2553.

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Multi-faceted relations between Ethiopia and South Arabia existed since the sixth century B.C. During the earlier phase, the Christian Ethiopians networked with their co-religionists. Later they interacted primarily with Muslim Arabs some of whom settled in Ethiopia either in search of religious sanctuary or for trade purposes. The Muslims entrenched themselves and established petty kingdoms between the ninth and fifteenth centuries C.E. Thereafter, they suffered huge reversals at the hands of their Christian compatriots who were assisted by the Portuguese colonial power. Over the last two centuries relations between these two religious groups suffered appreciably. Despite these mammoth problems, testimonies to the linguistic and cultural affinities between Ethiopia and Arabia are evident; illustrations of which are given in this article. They could be used as a springboard for improving relations between the two communities. The Ethiopian socio-political climate has improved since the installation of a new federal and democratically elected government. It behoves all relevant groups to grasp the mettle by doing more intensive and extensive research in topics like this one in order to trace commonalities between them.
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Hailu, Yemserach Legesse. "Language Law and Policy of the Federal Government of Ethiopia: Implications for Fair Trial and the Rights of Non-Amharic Language Speakers Accused." Acta Humana 9, no. 1 (2021): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32566/ah.2021.1.4.

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Ethiopia is a multilingual country with a federal form of state structure. The 1995 Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE Constitution) gave equal recognition for all Ethiopian languages, but has chosen Amharic to become the working language of the Federal Government. In order to accommodate the needs of non-Amharic speakers in the provision of public services, the Constitution and other laws such as the Criminal Procedure Code, require the use of interpreters. Particularly in criminal proceedings, non-Amharic speakers are entitled to be assisted with a ‘qualified’ interpreter to meaningfully participate in the cases. In practice, it is observed that accused people who do not speak the working language of the federal government are unable to effectively understand or get prompt and detailed information regarding the nature and effect of the case brought against them. Even if they know the case, they are not able to effectively explain their defences to the court or associated bodies, and thereby defend their rights. This study reveals that non-Amharic speakers are not effectively served according to the legal standards. This problem subsists mainly due to the absence or limited number of interpreters, as well as the use of untrained interpreters. Despite some efforts to address the problem, the federal government has not yet laid down any formal mechanism by which people with limited and/or no Amharic language proficiency are properly served in criminal proceedings both before and during trial. This study proposes the federal government to establish court interpreter training institutions and to standardise court interpretation by allocating the necessary budget; lay down a formal mechanism such as enacting detailed laws and working manuals for assigning interpreters; providing other local languages the status of working language; consulting interpretation technologies and working in collaboration with different stakeholders.
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Taye, Bekau Atnafu. "The medium of instruction in Ethiopian Higher Education Institutions: Kotebe Metropolitan University Case study." African Journal of Teacher Education 8 (April 1, 2019): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/ajote.v8i0.4367.

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The aim of this article is to examine the medium of instruction in Ethiopian higher education institutions and the perceived consequences of the failure to learn a lingua franca. The study was qualitative and it used interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs). Five teachers and five students took part in the interviews and six teachers and six students participated in the FGDs. The findings of the study showed that the role of Amharic as a working language has not been given recognition despite the fact that Amharic was constitutionally granted to be a working language. Due to language barriers, students who are speakers of Oromipha and other languages from the Eastern and Western parts of Ethiopia suffer passivity in the classroom because they do not speak Amharic although Amharic has been taught as a subject in all regional states of the country. Increased identity politics seems to have generated a negative attitude towards Amharic, Ethiopia's former official lingua franca. Non-Amharic native speakers appeared to lose interest in learning Amharic while they were in primary and secondary schools. The absence of an official, common language which could be used for wider communication in higher education has resulted in having challenges among the student population.
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Leslau, Wolf. "Inor lullabies." Africa 66, no. 2 (1996): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161320.

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AbstractFourteen Gurage lullabies from Ethiopia, in their Inor transcriptions and English translations, are briefly introduced and annotated. Inor belongs to the West Gurage group of languages; this set of lullabies complements those from Eža (another West Gurage language) published earlier by the author.
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Schröder, Helga. "The Syntax and Semantics of Clause-Chaining in Toposa." Studies in African Linguistics 49, no. 1 (2020): 60–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v49i1.122263.

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Some languages make extensive use of clause-chaining. According to Payne (1997: 312), clause-chaining has been documented for languages in the highlands of New Guinea, Australia and the Americas. In Africa it is found in Ethiopia (Völlmin et al. 2007), in Kiswahili, a Bantu language (Hopper 1979: 213-215, Mungania 2018), in Anuak, a Western Nilotic language (Longacre 1990: 88-90 and 2007: 418) and in Toposa, a VSO language of South Sudan (Schröder 2011). Clause-chaining is characterized by a long combination of non-finite clauses that have operator dependency on a finite clause, and it usually signals foregrounded information in discourse (see also Dooley 2010: 3). Besides its discourse function, clause-chaining exhibits morpho-syntactic and semantic properties as demonstrated in this paper with examples from Toposa, an Eastern Nilotic language.
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Záhořík, Jan. "Languages in Sub-Saharan Africa in a broader socio-political perspective." Acta Orientalia Vilnensia 11, no. 2 (2010): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/aov.2010.3646.

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Charles University This study deals with language policies in Africa with a special focus on multi-ethnic and multi-lingual states including Sudan, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Cameroon, and Democratic Republic of Congo. The study will thus examine relations between state and minorities, the status of major and marginalized languages, the roles of European languages in politics as well as theoretical frameworks. Sub-Saharan Africa has undergone a remarkable process from linguistic imperialism to linguistic pluralism and revivalism. Until the 1960s the superior position of the European languages (English, French, and Portuguese) was evident, but after the Africanization of politics and society in many African countries, a strong accent on linguistic emancipation was initiated. Nowadays, many African countries follow the principle of linguistic pluralism where several languages enjoy the same rights and space in the media, administrative, education, etc. This study will discuss some important case studies and their specific language policies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Language and languages – Ethiopia"

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Adamu, Taddele. "Individual differences in second language learning in formal contexts." Thesis, Online version, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.276152.

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James, Zoe Cariad. "Language and learning in Ethiopia." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10042137/.

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This thesis examines the relationship between language of instruction policy and educational outcomes in Ethiopia. In 1994 Ethiopia introduced a mother tongue education policy which marked a move away from Amharic-only instruction, to the use of multiple local languages in primary schooling. This thesis investigates three key dimensions of this policy: (i) whether there is an advantage to being a ‘mother tongue learner’ in terms of learning outcomes; (ii) whether there are inequalities in learning progress between students learning in different languages of instruction, and if so, why; and (iii) whether the use of multiple mother tongues for school instruction can ensure access to essential languages of wider communication, and if not, with what implications. The mixed methods analysis finds that (i) there is an advantage to being a ‘mother tongue learner’ in Amharic language classes, but this advantage disappears when other indicators of educational experience are taken into account, and varies between linguistic environments/ contexts; (ii) that stakeholders support the use of mother tongue for reasons that relate both to pedagogy, and to the assertion of ethnolinguistic identity, emphasising the nonlearning-related benefits of the policy; (iii) that between-language of instruction inequality of learning outcomes are evident, with students learning in many of the newly introduced languages of instruction making less progress in mathematics than their counterparts in Amharic language of instruction classrooms; (iv) that these between-language inequalities in learning outcomes may be explained by variation in literate environments and linguistic development and standardisation, as well as heterogeneity of school quality between different linguistic communities; and (v) that stakeholders perceive important inequalities in opportunities to acquire languages of wider communication (Amharic and English) between students learning in different languages of instruction, raising important concerns about the extent to which the policy can translate into social and economic opportunity and mobility for all.
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Möller, Mirjam. "Vowel Harmony in Bale : A study of ATR harmony in a Surmic language of Ethiopia." Thesis, Stockholm University, Stockholm University, Stockholm University, Stockholm University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-29444.

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<p>ATR, advanced tongue root, is a phonological feature among vowels. As vowels assimilate to share the same value of that feature, they display ATR harmony. This is a common phenomenon among many African languages. ATR harmony is examined in this paper as manifested across morpheme boundaries wihin nouns in a Surmic language of Ethiopia called Bale. The data presented was collected at a workshop on ATR harmony held by SIL International in Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia, 2009. The vowel system in Bale displays a nine vowel inventory with a feature dominance of [+ATR] vowels which spread their feature both leftward and rightward to recessive [–ATR] vowels. The [+ATR] dominance is also present as a floating feature without any phonological material. The vowel /a/ is analysed as a neutral vowel, co-occuring with both [+ATR] and [–ATR] vowels within roots.</p>
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Schneider-Blum, Gertrud. "A grammar of Alaaba a highland East Cushitic language of Ethiopia." Köln Köppe, 2006. http://d-nb.info/985708859/04.

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Schneider-Blum, Gertrud. "A grammar of Alaaba : a highland East Cushitic language of Ethiopia /." Köln : Köppe, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3004792&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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Yimam, Baye. "The phrase structures of Ethiopian Oromo." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310426.

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Woldu, Demelash. "Exploring language uses and policy processes in Karat Town of Konso Woreda, Ethiopia." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2018. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/68284/.

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The thesis explores language uses and the implementation of language policy processes in a Konso ethnolinguistic community in Ethiopia. Federal education policy recognises the right of every ethnic group to use their language in primary education. However, this policy has been inconsistently implemented, and many minority languages are devalued in the teaching-learning process. Specifically, the study investigates the language uses of a Konso Karat community and the students and teachers in their school, the practices and planning of language-in-education policy in this community and the relationship between language and ethnic identity. I carried out six months ethnographic fieldwork in Karat town and interviewed officials at the Federal, Regional and Zonal levels of education system. This enabled me to explore language-ineducation policy decisions on and practices of language uses in primary education and critically interrogate language policy implementation and planning in Konso ‘Woreda’/District. The study revealed that in Karat town individuals and families predominantly used Amharic or Affa Konso or both due to their different attitudes and values attached to these languages in and outside Konso Woreda. However, in this Orthodox religion, Amharic was dominantly used in the religious preaching and ceremonies. Regarding views on identity and language, findings revealed that ethnic identity and its relationship with language were largely essentialised due to a belief embedded in the Konso socio-cultural system and Ethiopian ethnolinguistic ideology. The study also showed that the primary school official policy ignored Affa Konso and its speakers and prioritized Amharic as the language of opportunity and power. However, there were some Affa Konso speaking teachers and students who valued the minority language and translated the official policy in their own ways. This experience in the teaching-learning process - along with a view that promotion of mother tongue education could enhance students’learning - led to a Konso local language policy initiative. This policy aimed to promote Affa Konso for official uses including education but this decision was made by officials on behalf of the community.
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Ahland, Michael, and Michael Ahland. "A GRAMMAR OF NORTHERN MAO (MÀWÉS AAS’È)." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12456.

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Northern Mao is an endangered Afroasiatic-Omotic language of western Ethiopia with fewer than 5,000 speakers. This study is a comprehensive grammar of the language, written from a functional/typological perspective which embraces historical change as an explanation for synchronic structure. The grammar introduces the Northern Mao people, aspects of their culture and history, and the major aspects of the language: contrastive phonology, tone phenomena, nouns, pronouns, demonstratives, numerals, noun phrases, verbs and verbal morphology, single verb constructions, non-final/medial clauses, subordinate clauses and alignment. The tone system has three contrastive levels, where the Mid tones subdivide into two classes which historically derive from two different sources. Nouns each exhibit two tonal melodies: one melody in citation form or other unmodified environments and another melody when syntactically modified. Extensive coverage is given to developments in the pronominal and subject-marking systems as well as the verbal system. In the pronominal and subject marking systems, innovations include the development of a dual opposition, the fusion of an affirmative verbal prefix to subject prefixes, and the development of these subject prefixes into new pronouns. In the verbal system, innovations include the development of new verbal wordforms from subordinate + final verb periphrastic constructions and a set of new subject markers from an old subordinator morpheme. The verbal system is oriented around two oppositional relations: realis vs. irrealis and finite vs. infinitive verb forms. Realis and irrealis verbs have distinct item-arrangement patterns: realis verbs take subject prefixes while irrealis verbs take subject suffixes. Realis is associated with affirmative polarity and non-future tense and may be used with many aspectual distinctions. Irrealis is associated with negative polarity, future tense, and counterfactual constructions; irrealis verbs do not express many aspectual distinctions. Finite versus infinitive verb stems are differentiated by tone. Finite verb stems are used in affirmative declarative and interrogative utterances, non-final/medial constructions and the more finite subordinate clause structures. Infinitive verb stems are used in negative declarative and interrogative utterances, non-final/medial constructions and the less finite subordinate clause structures. The work concludes with a summary of cross-constructional alignment patterns and evaluates the efficacy of a marked-nominative analysis.
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Taylor, Nicholas. "Gamo syntax." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388500.

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Debela, Nega Worku. "Minority language education with special reference to the cultural adaption of the Ethiopian community in South Australia /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phd2858.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Language and languages – Ethiopia"

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Language contact and language change in Ethiopia. E. Köppe Verlag, 2009.

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Yohannes, Mekonnen Alemu Gebre. Language Policy in Ethiopia. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63904-4.

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CNWS, Onderzoekschool, ed. The Maale language. Research School of Asian, African, and Amerindian Studies, Universiteit Leiden, 2001.

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A grammar of Alaaba: A highland East Cushitic language of Ethiopia. Rüdiger Köppe Verlag, 2007.

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The Dhaasanac language: Grammar, texts, vocabulary of a Cushitic language of Ethiopia. R. Köppe Verlag, 2001.

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Owens, Jonathan. The Oromo causative: Lexical grammar without lexical rules. Indiana University Linguistics Club, 1985.

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Owens, Jonathan. The Oromo causative: Lexical grammar without lexical rules. Indiana University Linguistics Club, 1985.

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Treis, Yvonne. A grammar of Kambaata (Ethiopia). R. Köppe, 2008.

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A grammar of Kambaata (Ethiopia). R. Köppe, 2008.

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Meyer, Ronny. Language use in Ethiopia from a network perspective: Results of a sociolinguistic survey conducted among high school students. P. Lang, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Language and languages – Ethiopia"

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Yohannes, Mekonnen Alemu Gebre. "The Tigray Region of Ethiopia." In Language Policy. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63904-4_2.

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Savà, Graziano. "Ongota (Birale), a moribund language of Southwest Ethiopia." In Language Death and Language Maintenance. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.240.11sav.

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Sacchi, Livio. "Two Imperial Compounds in Ethiopia: Survey and Restoration." In The Visual Language of Technique. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05350-9_9.

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Zanetti, Ugo. "LANGUAGES IN ETHIOPIA AND IN THE HORN OF AFRICA." In The Harp (Volume 25), edited by Baby Varghese, Rev Jacob Thekeparampil, and Abraham Kalakudi. Gorgias Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463233143-014.

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Rose, Sharon. "4. The formation of Ethiopian Semitic internal reduplication." In Language Processing and Acquisition in Languages of Semitic, Root-Based, Morphology. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lald.28.04ros.

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Heugh, Kathleen. "Shades, Voice and Mobility: Remote Communities Resist and Reclaim Linguistic and Educational Practices in Ethiopia." In Educating for Language and Literacy Diversity. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137309860_6.

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Bisang, Walter. "Linguistic Areas, Language Contact and Typology: Some Implications from the Case of Ethiopia as a Linguistic Area." In Linguistic Areas. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230287617_4.

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Brenzinger, Matthias. "An evaluative account of Ethiopia’s new language policy." In Language Choices. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/impact.1.15bre.

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Hudson, Grover. "Ergative-active features of the Ethiopian Semitic type." In Typological Studies in Language. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.75.06hud.

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Wright, Sue. "Endangered Languages." In Language Policy and Language Planning. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-57647-7_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Language and languages – Ethiopia"

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Abate, Solomon Teferra, Martha Yifiru Tachbelie, Michael Melese, et al. "Large Vocabulary Read Speech Corpora for Four Ethiopian Languages: Amharic, Tigrigna, Oromo, and Wolaytta." In Proceedings of the The Fourth Widening Natural Language Processing Workshop. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.winlp-1.5.

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Islami, Dian Dini, Didik Gunawan Tamtomo, and Hanung Prasetya. "The Effect of Insulin Provision on the Risk Reduction of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.49.

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ABSTRACT Background: Insulin is the pivotal hormone regulating cellular energy supply and macronutrient balance, directing anabolic processes of the fed state. Insulin is essential for the intra-cellular transport of glucose into insulin-dependent tissues such as muscle and adipose tissue. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of insulin provision on the risk reduction of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Springer Link databases, from 2010-2020. Keywords used “effect insulin” OR “giving insulin” AND “diabetes mellitus” OR “diabetes” AND “cross sectional” AND “adjusted odd ratio”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English or Indonesia language, and using crosssectional study design. The articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed by RevMan 5.3. Results: A meta-analysis from 5 studies in Ethiopia, Northeast Ethiopia, Taiwan, African American, and South Korea, reported that insulin provision reduced the risk of diabetes mellitus (aOR= 1.89; 95% CI= 1.82 to 3.57; p= 0.05) with I2= 84%. Conclusion: Insulin provision reduced the risk of diabetes mellitus. Keywords: insulin, type 2 diabetes mellitus Correspondence: Dian Dini Islami. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dian.dinii94@gmail.com. Mobile: 085729483960. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.49
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Berek, Maria Imakulata. "Effect of Obesity on Hypertension in Elderly." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.62.

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Background: Obesity contributes to numerous and varied comorbid disease. Obesity is one of a constellation of markers for coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. This meta-analysis study aimed to assess the effect of obesity on hypertension in elderly. Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis and systematic review were conducted by collecting articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer Link, and Science Direct databases. Keywords used “obesity” AND “hypertension” OR “high blood pressure” AND “elderly” OR “older people” AND “cross sectional”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English or Indonesian language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The data were analyzed using Revman 5.3 program. Results: 6 studies from Netherland, Ethiopia, Singapura, Cina, Jerman, and Canada were selected for this study. Current meta-analysis study showed that obesity increased the risk of hypertension in elderly (aOR = 3.01; 95% CI= 2.44 to 3.72; p&lt;0.01) with I2 = 61%. Conclusion: obesity increased the risk of hypertension in elderly. Keywords: obesity, hypertension, elderly Correspondence: Maria Imakulata Berek. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: imma123433@gmail.com. Mobile: 085311622368.
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Karmany, Putu Anggi Widia, Setyo Sri Rahardjo, and Bhisma Murti. "Effect of Low Birth Weight on the Risk of Pneumonia in Children Under Five: Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.61.

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ackground: Pneumonia remains the foremost cause of death from infectious diseases in children under five. Previous studies reported the association between low birth weight and pneumonia in children under five. The purpose of this meta-analysis study was to assess the effect of low birth weight on the risk of pneumonia in children under five. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study collected published articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Springer Link databases. Keywords used “birth weight” AND “pneumonia children under 5” OR “pneumonia” AND “case control”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English language, and using case control study design. The study subject was children under five. Intervention was low birthweight with comparison normal birthweight. The study outcome was pneumonia. The data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 program. Results: 6 studies from Nepal, Ethiopia, India, Tanzania, Brazil, and Egypt. This study reported that children with history of low birthweight had the risk of pneumonia 1.96 times than those with normal birthweight (aOR = 1.96; 95% CI= 0.99 to 3.86; p= 0.050). Conclusion: Low birthweight increases the risk of pneumonia in children under five. Keywords: pneumonia, low birth weight, children under five Correspondence: Putu Anggi Widia Karmany. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: putuanggiwidiakarmany@-gmail.com. Mobile: 087864306006
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Firmanurulita, Fadhila, Agus Kristiyanto, and Hanung Prasetya. "Association between Overweight and Hypertension in Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.63.

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Background: The upward trend in adolescent hypertension is widely attributed to the adolescent overweight and obesity epidemic. Because of their high-risk status, intervention in overweight adolescents with associated comorbidities, such as hypertension, should be considered. The purpose of this study was to examine association between overweight and hypertension in adolescents. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review. The articles were obtained from PubMed, Springer Link, and Google Scholar databases, which published from 2006 to 2020. Keywords used “hypertension” AND “adolescents” AND” obesity” AND “risk factor of obesity” AND “cross-sectional” AND “adjusted odds ratio”. The inclusion criteria were full-text, using English language, and reporting Odds ratio. The study population was adolescents. The intervention was overweight with comparison non overweight. The study outcome was hypertension. The articles were reviewed by PRISMA diagram and analyzed by RevMan 5.3. Results: 8 articles from Ethiopia, Spanyol, Canada, Taiwan, Lithuania, United States, and Malaysia were met criteria. The data analysis found low heterogeneity between groups (I2= 40%; p=0.110), so it used fixed effect model. This meta-analysis study reported that overweight increases the risk of hypertension in adolescents (aOR= 3.32; 95% CI= 3.02 to 3.66; p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Overweight increases the risk of hypertension in adolescents. Keywords: overweight, hypertension, adolescents Correspondence: Fadhila Firmanurulita. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: missdhila@gmail.com. Mobile: 085740045026.
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Admasu, Yonas Fantahun, and Kumudha Raimond. "Ethiopian sign language recognition using Artificial Neural Network." In 2010 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isda.2010.5687057.

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Riestiyowati, Maya Ayu, Setyo Sri Rahardjo, and Vitri Widyaningsih. "Cigarette Smoke Exposure and Acute Respiratory Infection in Children Under Five: A Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.57.

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Background: Acute Respiratory Infections are classified into the upper and lower respiratory tract infections, contributing to the leading cause of death among children under five globally. The estimation showed the deaths of more than 800,000 children under five every year or about 2,200 per day. One of the risk factors for ARI in children under five years of age is secondary exposure to tobacco smoke. This study aimed to examine the effect of cigarette smoke exposure and acute respiratory infection in children under five. Subjects and Method: This was meta analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting published articles from Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Springer Link databases, from year 2010 to 2019. Keywords used “risk factor” OR “passive smoking” OR “secondhand smoking” AND “ARI due to children under five”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed by fixed effect model using Revman 5.3. Results: 6 studies from Cameroon, Ethiopia, India, Nepal, and Nigeria reported that tobacco smoke exposure increased the risk of acute respiratory infection in children under five (aOR=1.39; 95% CI= 1.22 to 1.58; p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Tobacco smoke exposure increases the risk of acute respiratory infection in children under five. Keywords: tobacco smoke, acute respiratory infection, children under five Correspondence: Maya Ayu Riestiyowati. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: maaya.ayuu.ma@gmail.com. Mobile: 081235840067.
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Soemanto, RB, and Bhisma Murti. "Relationship between Intimate Partner Violence and The Risk of Postpartum Depression." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.109.

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ABSTRACT Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) refers to any behavior in an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological or sexual harm to those in the relationship. IPV is associated with fatal and non-fatal health effects, including homicide and suicide, as well as negative health behaviours during pregnancy, poor reproductive outcomes and adverse physical and mental consequences. This study aimed to examine relationship between intimate partner violence and the risk of postpartum depression. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting articles from Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases, which published from 2010 to 2020. “Intimate Partner Violence” OR “IPV” AND “Postpartum Depression” OR “Postnatal Depression” was keywords used for searching the articles. The study population was postpartum mothers. The intervention was intimate partner violence with comparison no intimate partner violence. The study outcome was postpartum depression. The inclusion criteria were full text cross-sectional study, using English language, using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) to measure depression. The articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart and Revman 5.3. Results: 8 articles from Turki, Ethiopia, Mexico, Malaysia, Israel, South Africa, and Sudan were reviewed for this study. This study reported that intimate partner violence increased the risk of postpartum depression (aOR = 3.39; 95% CI= 2.17 to 5.30). Conclusion: Intimate partner violence increased the risk of postpartum depression. Keywords: intimate partner violence, postpartum depression Correspondence: Ardiani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dhiniardiani@gmail.com. Mobile: 085337742831. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.109
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Widiyaningrum, Alfiati Nanda, Bhisma Murti, and Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari. "Effect of Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid on The Risk of Infants Asphyxia: A Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.130.

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ABSTRACT Background: Meconium aspiration syndrome refers to the aspiration of meconium and amniotic fluid by the fetus. It can occur when the fetus is still in the uterus, passing through the birth canal or when it takes its first breath after birth. Meconium aspiration is a serious condition with high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to examine the effect of meconium stained amniotic fluid on the risk of infants asphyxia. Subjects and Method: Meta analysis and systematic review was conducted by collecting published articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, Clinical Key, Science Direct, and Springer Link databases. Keywords used risk factor, asphyxia, birth asphyxia, meconium stained amniotic, meconium stained liquor, and cross sectional. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population was infants. Intervention was meconium stained amniotic liquid with comparison clean amniotic liquid. The study outcome was asphyxia. The collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed by fixed effect model using Revman 5.3. Results: 7 studies from Ethiopia reported that meconium stained amniotic fluid increased the risk of asphyxia in infants 5.83 (aOR= 5.83; CI 95%= 4.15 to 8.20; p &lt;0.001). Conclusion: Meconium stained amniotic fluid increases the risk of asphyxia in infants. Keywords: meconium, amniotic fluid, asphyxia, infants Correspondence: Alfiati Nanda Widiyaningrum. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: widiyaningruma@gmail.com. Mobile:081327524537. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.130
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Pangestu, Utami, Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi, and Hanung Prasetya. "Effect of Fruits and Vegetables Intake on Obesity in School-Aged Children: Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.129.

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ABSTRACT Background: Previous studies suggest that individual and environmental factors were associated lack of vegetable and fruit consumption, which can lead to obesity. Recent studies have indicated the level of vegetable and fruit intake in children aged 2-7 years is particularly low. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of fruits and vegetables intake on obesity in school-aged children. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting published articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, Research Gate, dan Springer Link databases, from year 2011 to 2019. Keywords used ”Nutrition” OR “Obesity” AND ”Cross sectional”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English OR Indonesian language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population (P) was school-aged children. Intervention (I) was fruits and vegetables intake with comparison (C) malnutrition. The study outcome (O) was obesity. The collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using Revman 5.3. Results: 6 studies from Ethiopia, South Afrika, Nepal, Ghana, Saudi Arabia, reported that low fruits and vegetables intake increased the risk of obesity in school-aged children (aOR= 1.34; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.70; p&lt;0.001; I2= 92%). Conclusion: Low fruits and vegetables intake increased the risk of obesity in school-aged children. Keywords: obesity, nutrition, fruits and vegetables intake, school-aged children Correspondence: Utami Pangestu. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: utamipangestu@gmail.com. Mobile: 087836021638. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.129
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Reports on the topic "Language and languages – Ethiopia"

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Orrnert, Anna. Review of National Social Protection Strategies. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.026.

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This helpdesk report reviews ten national social protection strategies (published between 2011-2019) in order to map their content, scope, development processes and measures of success. Each strategy was strongly shaped by its local context (e.g. how social development was defined, development priorities and existing capacity and resources) but there were also many observed similarities (e.g. shared values, visions for social protection). The search focused on identifying strategies with a strong social assistance remit from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Sub-Sarahan African and South and South-East Asian regions1 (Latin America was deemed out of scope due the advanced nature of social protection there). Examples from Sub-Saharan Africa are most widely available. Few examples are available from the MENA region2 – it may be that such strategies do not currently exist, that potential strategy development process are in more nascent stages or that those strategies that do exist are not accessible in English. A limitation of this review is that it has not been able to review strategies in other languages. The strategies reviewed in this report are from Bangladesh (2015), Cambodia (2011), Ethiopia (2012), Jordan (2019), Kenya (2011), Lesotho (2014), Liberia (2013), Rwanda (2011), Uganda (2015) and Zambia (2014). The content of this report focuses primarily on the information from these strategies. Where appropriate, it also includes information from secondary sources about other strategies where those original strategies could not be found (e.g. Saudi Arabia’s NSDS).
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Arnold, H. G., W. B. Dress, and R. S. Loffman. An investigation of very high level languages and their implementation on a Forth language microprocessor. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5606643.

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Bekmyrzaev, Nurbek. Language Policies of the Central Asian States. Edited by Nargiza Muratalieva. The Representative Office of the Institute for War and Peace Reporting in Central Asia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46950/202004.

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This work outlines the formation of state languages in the Central Asian countries, analyzes their functioning alongside the Russian language, draws conclusions and forecasts for the future, and provides recommendations for improving language policies. The publication is intended for young experts and consultants, researchers, decision-makers, as well as a wide range of readers interested in the policies of the Central Asian countries.
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Hoinkes, Ulrich. Indexicality and Enregisterment as Theoretical Approaches to the Sociolinguistic Analysis of Romance Languages. Universitatsbibliothek Kiel, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21941/hoinkesindexenregromlang.

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Social indexicality and enregisterment are basic notions of a theoretical model elaborated in the United States, the aim of which is to describe the relationship between the use of language variation and patterns of social behavior at the level of formal classification. This analytical approach is characterized by focusing on the interrelation of social performance and language awareness. In my contribution, I want to show how this modern methodology can give new impetus to the study of today’s problem areas in Europe, such as migration and language or urban life and language use. In particular, I am interested in the case of Catalan, which has been studied for some time by proponents of the North American enregisterment theory. This leads me to indicate that explicit forms of social conduct, such as language shift or the emblematic use of linguistic forms, can be interpreted with regard to the social indexicality of Catalan. I thus analyze them in a way which shows that authenticity and integration in Catalan society can be achieved to a considerable extent by practicing forms of linguistic enregisterment.
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Sayers, Dave, Rui Sousa-Silva, Sviatlana Höhn, et al. The Dawn of the Human-Machine Era: A forecast of new and emerging language technologies. Open Science Centre, University of Jyväskylä, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/jyx/reports/20210518/1.

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New language technologies are coming, thanks to the huge and competing private investment fuelling rapid progress; we can either understand and foresee their effects, or be taken by surprise and spend our time trying to catch up. This report scketches out some transformative new technologies that are likely to fundamentally change our use of language. Some of these may feel unrealistically futuristic or far-fetched, but a central purpose of this report - and the wider LITHME network - is to illustrate that these are mostly just the logical development and maturation of technologies currently in prototype. But will everyone benefit from all these shiny new gadgets? Throughout this report we emphasise a range of groups who will be disadvantaged and issues of inequality. Important issues of security and privacy will accompany new language technologies. A further caution is to re-emphasise the current limitations of AI. Looking ahead, we see many intriguing opportunities and new capabilities, but a range of other uncertainties and inequalities. New devices will enable new ways to talk, to translate, to remember, and to learn. But advances in technology will reproduce existing inequalities among those who cannot afford these devices, among the world’s smaller languages, and especially for sign language. Debates over privacy and security will flare and crackle with every new immersive gadget. We will move together into this curious new world with a mix of excitement and apprehension - reacting, debating, sharing and disagreeing as we always do. Plug in, as the human-machine era dawns.
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Dubeck, Margaret M., Jonathan M. B. Stern, and Rehemah Nabacwa. Learning to Read in a Local Language in Uganda: Creating Learner Profiles to Track Progress and Guide Instruction Using Early Grade Reading Assessment Results. RTI Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.op.0068.2106.

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The Early Grade Reading Assessment (EGRA) is used to evaluate studies and monitor projects that address reading skills in low- and middle-income countries. Results are often described solely in terms of a passage-reading subtask, thereby overlooking progress in related skills. Using archival data of cohort samples from Uganda at two time points in three languages (Ganda, Lango, and Runyankore-Rukiga), we explored a methodology that uses passage-reading results to create five learner profiles: Nonreader, Beginner, Instructional, Fluent, and Next-Level Ready. We compared learner profiles with results on other subtasks to identify the skills students would need to develop to progress from one profile to another. We then used regression models to determine whether students’ learner profiles were related to their results on the various subtasks. We found membership in four categories. We also found a shift in the distribution of learner profiles from Grade 1 to Grade 4, which is useful for establishing program effectiveness. The distribution of profiles within grades expanded as students progressed through the early elementary grades. We recommend that those who are discussing EGRA results describe students by profiles and by the numbers that shift from one profile to another over time. Doing so would help describe abilities and instructional needs and would show changes in a meaningful way.
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Avellán, Leopoldo, Claudia Calderón, Giulia Lotti, and Z’leste Wanner. Knowledge for Development: the IDB's Impact in the Region. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003387.

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By analyzing a novel dataset on publications by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), we shed light on the extent to which the knowledge production of a multilateral development bank can reach its beneficiaries. We find that IDB publications are downloaded mostly in the American continent, with Colombia, Peru, Mexico and the United States leading the ranking. Moreover, during the COVID-19 pandemic downloads of IDB publications increased, both in the world and in Latin America and the Caribbean. Some characteristics of publications are significantly associated with higher numbers of downloads, such as the language of publications: documents in at least two languages or in Spanish only are downloaded more often than documents in English only, suggesting that it is important to disseminate research in the language of the targeted audience. As for the online discussion on the IDB, we find that mentions of the IDB touch different sectors important for development (especially modernization of the state, health, labor markets and financial markets), they increase when a document is published, and also when a loan is approved.
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Pavlyuk, Ihor. MEDIACULTURE AS A NECESSARY FACTOR OF THE CONSERVATION, DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFORMATION OF ETHNIC AND NATIONAL IDENTITY. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11071.

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The article deals with the mental-existential relationship between ethnoculture, national identity and media culture as a necessary factor for their preservation, transformation, on the example of national original algorithms, matrix models, taking into account global tendencies and Ukrainian archetypal-specific features in Ukraine. the media actively serve the domestic oligarchs in their information-virtual and real wars among themselves and the same expansive alien humanitarian acts by curtailing ethno-cultural programs-projects on national radio, on television, in the press, or offering the recipient instead of a pop pointer, without even communicating to the audience the information stipulated in the media laws − information support-protection-development of ethno-culture national product in the domestic and foreign/diaspora mass media, the support of ethnoculture by NGOs and the state institutions themselves. In the context of the study of the cultural national socio-humanitarian space, the article diagnoses and predicts the model of creating and preserving in it the dynamic equilibrium of the ethno-cultural space, in which the nation must remember the struggle for access to information and its primary sources both as an individual and the state as a whole, culture the transfer of information, which in the process of globalization is becoming a paramount commodity, an egregore, and in the post-traumatic, interrupted-compensatory cultural-information space close rehabilitation mechanisms for national identity to become a real factor in strengthening the state − and vice versa in the context of adequate laws («Law about press and other mass media», Law «About printed media (press) in Ukraine», Law «About Information», «Law about Languages», etc.) and their actual effect in creating motivational mechanisms for preserving/protecting the Ukrainian language, as one of the main identifiers of national identity, information support for its expansion as labels cultural and geostrategic areas.
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