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Journal articles on the topic 'Language and languages Language and languages Diglossia (Linguistics) Bilingualism'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Denisova, E. A. "The mixing of language codes in anglophone postmodern literature." Professional Discourse & Communication 2, no. 1 (2020): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2687-0126-2020-2-1-49-58.

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The study of the mixing of language codes on a par with linguistic and extralinguistic factors that determine peculiarities of the equal functioning of two (or more) languages in a communicative act or in a literary text, in particular an anglophone literary text, is studied at the interdisciplinary level and is relevant. Traditionally, the phenomenon of mixing language codes is considered as a separate aspect of language interactions, as well as in the context of such linguistic phenomena as: borrowings, interference, bilingualism, diglossia, code switching, etc. The interest of linguists to
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2

Valdés, Guadalupe, and Claudia Angelelli. "4. INTERPRETERS, INTERPRETING, AND THE STUDY OF BILINGUALISM." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 23 (March 2003): 58–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190503000199.

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In this chapter we present a brief overview of the literature on interpreting focused specifically on issues and questions raised by this literature about the nature of bilingualism in general. It is our position that research carried out on interpreting—while primarily produced with a professional audience in mind and concerned with improving the practice of interpreting—provides valuable insights about complex aspects of language contact that have not been thoroughly addressed by the existing literature on bilingualism. Examination of the literature emphasizing a category of bilinguals, who
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3

Muñiz-Cachón, Carmen. "Prosody: A feature of languages or a feature of speakers?" Prosodic Issues in Language Contact Situations 16, no. 3 (2019): 462–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.00047.mun.

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Abstract Social situations of language coexistence have resulted in linguistic manifestations of bilingualism and diglossia, including linguistic interference, lexical loans and code switching. What role does prosody play in social bilingualism? In other words, when contact between different languages is not restricted to the individual but affects an entire speech community, does a dominant prosody exist? Does prosody vary among different linguistic varieties? In order to find an answer to these questions, we hereby show the results of a research project on the prosodic features of Asturian a
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4

Hudson, Alan. "Diglossia: A bibliographic review." Language in Society 21, no. 4 (1992): 611–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004740450001575x.

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ABSTRACTThe bibliography following the body of this paper contains a total of 1,092 entries on the subject of diglossia. Entries dealing with diglossia in the classical sense of Ferguson (1959) and in the sense of functional compartmentalization of distinct languages are represented approximately equally. Scholarly publication in the area of diglossia continues unabated as indicated by the fact that approximately one-half of the entries in the bibliography were published between 1983 and 1992. However, there remains a need for a comprehensive integration, comparative analysis, and socioevoluti
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Belmar, Guillem. "The Role of Translation in the Revitalization Process of Minority Languages: The Case of Basque." Sustainable Multilingualism 10, no. 1 (2017): 36–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sm-2017-0002.

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Summary All literature reflects the existing discourse in a given community, and translation –as a process of rewriting texts– is a readily accessible tool which linguistic minorities can use to shift power dynamics in their society or, at least, suggest new paradigms and new discourses. In this paper we analyze the key role which translation plays in the cultural systems of minority languages and how translation helps revitalize these languages. The aim of the paper is to defend this key role of translation in the revitalization processes of all minority languages and, at the same time, to hi
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Li, David C. S. "The Functions and Status of English in Hong Kong." English World-Wide 20, no. 1 (1999): 67–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.20.1.03li.

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This paper is an update of Luke and Richards' (1982) study on the functions and status of English in Hong Kong. The sociolinguistic matrix is described by outlining the distribution of the main functions of the two written languages standard written Chinese (SWC) and English, and the three spoken languages Cantonese, English and Putonghua, in four key domains: government, media, employment and education. Cantonese and English remain the most important spoken languages. The macro-sociolinguistic analysis "diglossia without bilingual-ism" has given way to polyglossia with increasing bilingualism
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Fernández, Mauro. "Los Origenes del término diglosia." Historiographia Linguistica 22, no. 1-2 (1995): 163–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.22.1-2.07fer.

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Summary This article reviews the history of the term ‘diglossia’, particularly from its first documented use by Rhoidis in 1885 to refer to the Greek linguistic situation, to Ferguson’s 1959 landmark article, in order to reveal its origin and process of circulation. The few authors who have dealt with the pre-Ferguson history of the term ‘diglossia’ depict it as a small series of isolated, sparsely scattered, barely connected occurrences. Contrary to this commonly accepted view, in this article it is argued that there existed a continuous use of the term in several languages between 1885 and 1
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Asli-Badarneh, Abeer, and Mark Leikin. "Morphological ability among monolingual and bilingual speakers in early childhood: The case of two Semitic languages." International Journal of Bilingualism 23, no. 5 (2018): 1087–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006918781079.

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This study examines the possible effects of bilingualism, mother tongue and type of morphology on morphological awareness of Arabic- and Hebrew-speaking preschoolers (mean age – 5:4). Four groups of children participated in the study: (1) 50 Arabic-speaking monolingual speakers; (2) 50 Hebrew-speaking monolingual speakers; (3) 50 Arabic/Hebrew bilingual speakers; and (4) 50 Hebrew/Arabic bilingual speakers. Participants from the bilingual groups were sequential non-balanced bilingual speakers who started learning a second language at ages 3–4 in a bilingual Arabic/Hebrew kindergarten. All chil
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Fonyuy, Kelen Ernesta. "The rush for English education in urban Cameroon: sociolinguistic implications and prospects." English Today 26, no. 1 (2010): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078409990289.

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The growing demand for English in parts of Cameroon that were once firmly under French influence.In the last decade, multilingual Cameroon has awoken to a new linguistic reality characterised by reconstructing linguistic identities in order to fit in the global space. This is seen in more and more urban Francophones pursuing English medium education and the Anglophones consolidating their identity alignment to the English language. From a sociolinguistic perspective, this paper evaluates the prominence and implications and prospects of this rush for English education in contemporary urban Came
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10

Tóth, Gergely. "Bilingual Experience in the Hungarian and German Immigrant Communities of the San Francisco Bay Area." Hungarian Cultural Studies 5 (January 1, 2012): 362–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ahea.2012.92.

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Studies on the interaction of languages are gaining importance in today’s world, characterized by accelerated migration and increasing cultural exchange. Unlike most research in this field, which concentrate on one embedded language against a matrix language, this fieldwork-based study examines the linguistic life in two immigrant populations, Hungarian and German, against the background of English. The primary focus of this article is the description of the bilingual and bicultural experience of the two groups. The discussion of language and identity will take a central place in the paper, an
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Matsumoto, Kazuko. "A restudy of postcolonial Palau after two decades." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 30, no. 1-2 (2020): 34–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.00044.mat.

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Abstract This paper reports results from a reinvestigation of multilingualism in postcolonial Palau, conducted twenty years after the first study. The first-ever ethnographic language survey conducted in 1997–1998 highlighted the diglossic nature of Palau where English replaced Japanese as the ‘high’ language, while indigenous Palauan remained as the ‘low’ spoken language. It indicated three possible future scenarios: (a) shift from multilingualism to bilingualism after the older Japanese-speaking generation passes away; (b) stability of diglossia with a clear social division between an Englis
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12

Walters, Keith. "Gender, identity, and the political economy of language: Anglophone wives in Tunisia." Language in Society 25, no. 4 (1996): 515–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500020807.

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ABSTRACTUsing the frameworks of the political economy of language, and of language use as acts of identity, this study attempts to describe and analyze the situation of natively anglophone wives living with their Tunisian husbands in Tunisia – a speech community characterized by Arabic diglossia and Arabic/French bilingualism. Particular attention is devoted to these women's beliefs about using Tunisian Arabic (TA), the native language of their husbands, and the ways in which access to TA or the use of it becomes a site of conflict between husbands and wives, or mothers and children, in these
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Boyd, Sally, and Sirkku Latomaa. "Language Maintenance and Language Shift among Four Immigrant Minorities in the Nordic Region: A Re-evaluation of Fishman's Theory of Diglossia and Bilingualism?" Nordic Journal of Linguistics 19, no. 2 (1996): 155–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586500003371.

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In his (1972) book, The Sociology of Language, Joshua Fishman presents his often-cited typology of language contact situations in the form of a four-cell table: + or − diglossia and + or − bilingualism. Although criticism has been made of this typology and particularly of the predictions based on it, in this paper we operationalize Fishman's concepts of diglossia and bilingualism as presented in this book. We then examine results from a comparative study of language contact among four immigrant minorities in the Nordic region – North Americans, Finns, Turks and Vietnamese. Each of these groups
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Johnson, Robert Keith. "Language Policy and Planning in Hong Kong." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 14 (March 1994): 177–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500002889.

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Hong Kong has a population of 5,902,100 people crowded into its land area of 1076 sq. kms. In broad terms, 98 percent of its population are Chinese.1 They speak Cantonese among themselves and English in dealing with expatriates. The expatriate community, once predominantly British, now reflects the full range of national and multinational commercial and banking interests, including those of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Taiwan. Luke and Richards (1982) described Hong Kong as having diglossia without bilingualism.
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15

Zopus, András. "Bilingualism and Diglossia as Sociocultural Phenomena in Romanian–Hungarian Translations in Transylvania." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 8, no. 3 (2016): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausp-2016-0027.

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Abstract My study aims to scrutinize the extent to which bilingualism and diglossia influence Transylvanian translators’ texts when the target language is Hungarian. While studying the narrower and wider interpretations of these linguistic phenomena, we may find that all the conditions are given that are required for us to say: Transylvanian translators’ bilingualism and diglossia may be considered as facts, and socio-lingual effects become tangible in various translations.
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Mojeiko, Marina A. "Language as a phenomenon: Belarusian language in the context of diglossia." Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2020-4-79-92.

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It is possible to talk about language from the point of view of a linguist, but language is also a sociocultural phenomenon, and its development takes place in a social and political context. This, of course, applies to any of the languages, however, in relation to the Belarusian language it acquires many specific aspects. First of all, this concerns the situation of bilingualism (and bilingualism as closely related), within which, under the influence of socio-political factors, languages acquire unequal status, as a result of which their hierarchy is built. The historical development of the B
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Rubino, Antonia, and Camilla Bettoni. "Language maintenance and language shift." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 21, no. 1 (1998): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.21.1.02rub.

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Patterns of language use by Sicilians and Venetians living in Sydney are here presented with particular attention to the maintenance of Italian and Dialect under the impact of widespread shift to English. Data gathered by questionnaire self-reporting are analysed according to four main variables: domain, linguistic generation, gender and region of origin. Results suggest that the original Italian diglossia between the High and the Low languages is well maintained, as Italian occupies the more public, formal and regionally heterogeneous space in the community, and Dialect the more private, info
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18

Kaye, Alan S., and Saleh M. Suleiman. "Jordanian Arabic between Diglossia and Bilingualism." Language 64, no. 1 (1988): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/414828.

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Macías, Reynaldo F. "Bilingualism, Language Contact, and Immigrant Languages." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 10 (March 1989): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500001185.

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This essay covers the literature on bilingualism over the last decade with emphasis on those publications issued between 1985 and 1989. Since this essay must be very selective, it concentrates on English language publications. There has been quite a growth in the descriptive literature of different multilingual areas of the world. This literature has been published in many of the major languages. The selection of publications in English somewhat distorts the distrigution of the literature by region and language, especially the growth of multilingualism-related publications in countries like th
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Kyuchukov, Hristo. "Turkish, Bulgarian and German Language Mixing Among Bulgarian Muslim Roma in Germany." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 6, no. 2 (2019): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2019.6.2.kyu.

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The paper presents the phenomenon of language mixing with Bulgarian by Muslim Roma migrants from northeastern Bulgaria in Berlin, Germany. They identify as Turks and in their everyday communication speak mainly Bulgarian and old variety of Turkish, in the scientific literature known as Balkanized Turkish. They can speak relatively little German and have low proficiency in the language. The paper describes the language mixing as well as the forms of code-switching between Turkish, Bulgarian and German. These linguistic and social phenomena within the Muslim Roma community are analysed within th
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Vaish, Viniti. "Bilingualism Without Diglossia: The Indian Community in Singapore." International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 10, no. 2 (2007): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/beb400.0.

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22

Bagwasi, Mompoloki Mmangaka. "Education, multilingualism and bilingualism in Botswana." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2021, no. 267-268 (2021): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2020-0114.

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Abstract Botswana is a multilingual country. It has about 28 languages (see Anderson, Lars-Gunnar & Tore Janson. 1997. Languages in Botswana. Gaborone: Longman Botswana). Although multilingualism breeds bilingualism or vice versa, bilingualism in Botswana is not as extensive and as widespread among the 28 languages. It is mostly concentrated amongst certain groups of people and a limited number of languages. This paper interrogates the pattern of bilingualism in Botswana and the role that education plays in shaping it. Further, the paper examines the extent to which the pattern of bilingua
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Kandler, Anne, Roman Unger, and James Steele. "Language shift, bilingualism and the future of Britain's Celtic languages." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1559 (2010): 3855–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0051.

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‘Language shift’ is the process whereby members of a community in which more than one language is spoken abandon their original vernacular language in favour of another. The historical shifts to English by Celtic language speakers of Britain and Ireland are particularly well-studied examples for which good census data exist for the most recent 100–120 years in many areas where Celtic languages were once the prevailing vernaculars. We model the dynamics of language shift as a competition process in which the numbers of speakers of each language (both monolingual and bilingual) vary as a functio
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Polinsky, Maria, and Gregory Scontras. "Understanding heritage languages." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 23, no. 1 (2019): 4–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728919000245.

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AbstractWith a growing interest in heritage languages from researchers of bilingualism and linguistic theory, the field of heritage-language studies has begun to build on its empirical foundations, moving toward a deeper understanding of the nature of language competence under unbalanced bilingualism. In furtherance of this trend, the current work synthesizes pertinent empirical observations and theoretical claims about vulnerable and robust areas of heritage language competence into early steps toward a model of heritage-language grammar. We highlight two key triggers for deviation from the r
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LI, PING, and DAVID W. GREEN. "Neurocognitive approaches to bilingualism: Asian languages." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 10, no. 2 (2007): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728907002878.

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In the last decade there has been a surge of interest in the use of neuroimaging tools such as event-related potentials (ERP) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine critical issues in the representation and processing of multiple languages in the brain. In 2001, David Green edited a special issue for Bilingualism: Language and Cognition on the cognitive neuroscience of bilingualism that involved studies of bilingual populations in English, German, Italian, and Japanese. According to a review by Vaid and Hull (2002), by 2001, there were at least 25 fMRI studies and 13 PET (
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Arjulayana, Arjulayana. "Bilingualism: Diglossia and Code-Switching to Indonesian Scholars." ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities 1, no. 3 (2018): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.34050/els-jish.v1i3.4840.

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Code switching and Diglossia’s population can be found in variety places, both formal and informal places. This paper is aimed to report the data analysis relate with diglossia and code switching which is happen to Indonesian Scholar. For many reasons diglossia and code switching are parts of language varieties, and as the unique Indonesian characteristics, because not all countries are getting diglossia phenomenon. It happened only for country that has high and low languages use in their daily interaction. This belief assumes that diglossia and code switching as the varieties of language can
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Francis, N. "Indigenous Languages and the Study of Bilingualism." International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 9, no. 5 (2006): 521–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/beb378.0.

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Wasserscheidt, Philipp. "Constructions do not cross Languages." Reflections on Constructions across Grammars 6, no. 2 (2014): 305–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.6.2.07was.

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In research on bilingualism it is often assumed that linguistic structures can be shared across languages. The emphasis on generalization and categorization in construction grammar also seems to imply that speakers can develop cross-linguistic representations. This contribution argues that generalizations can occur only on the semantic level. Data from typologically distinct languages shows that generalizations over form are not likely to play a role in language processing. It is further argued that neither syntactical nor grammatical form is needed in order to explain syntactic transfer.
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Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. "The Role of Bilingualism in Nilotic Sound Change." Sound Change 9 (January 1, 1994): 85–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.9.07dim.

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Abstract. The Nilotic family, a group of languages spoken in East Africa allows a uniform subgrouping on the basis of Neogrammarian principles of shared innovations. Nevertheless, there is also evidence for wave-like innovations cutting across intragenetic boundaries. For example, the original contrast between implosive and plosive stops, only retained in three Nilotic languages synchronically, must have been lost independently in different subgroups. Interestingly, implosion has been retained as a distinctive feature in Nilotic languages bordering on other languages where this feature also oc
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Thonhauser, Ingo. "“Written language but easily to use!”." Written Language and Literacy 6, no. 1 (2002): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.6.1.05tho.

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Questions of biliteracy and multiliteracies increasingly move into the centre of literacy research. This paper focuses on the question how perceptions of spoken and written language are shaped by diglossia and multilingual language practices in Lebanon. A brief introduction to the language situation in modern Lebanon, plus a discussion of the basic concepts of literacy and diglossia, are followed by a study of excerpts of a series of qualitative case studies, conducted in Beirut. Multilingualism in Lebanon is characterised by a dominance of colloquial Lebanese Arabic in oral discourse; this co
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Brown, Cecil H. "Lexical acculturation, areal diffusion, lingua francas, and bilingualism." Language in Society 25, no. 2 (1996): 261–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500020637.

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ABSTRACTThis study continues an investigation of lexical acculturation in Native American languages using a sample of 292 language cases distributed from the Arctic Circle to Tierra del Fuego (Brown 1994). Focus is on the areal diffusion of native language words for imported European Objects and concepts. Approximately 80% of all sharing of such terms is found to occur among closely genetically related languages. Amerindian languages only distantly related, or not related at all, tend to share native labels for acculturated items only when these have diffused to them from a lingua franca, such
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Selihey, P. O. "Interlingual competition and functional incompleteness of languages." Movoznavstvo 317, no. 2 (2021): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33190/0027-2833-317-2021-2-001.

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The state of mass multilingualism has been developed now in many countries of the world, and not only in post-colonial ones. Depending on the situation, most contemporaries use (actively or passively) two or three languages. The norm today is not monolingualism, but multilingualism. At the same time many societies are characterized by bilingualism not balanced, but vertical — diglossia. Since few people speak several languages equally well, the need to use them interchangeably requires additional effort and causes mental fatigue. The state of monolingualism is more usual and comfortable for a
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Ready, Carol. "Maintaining the status quo." Language Problems and Language Planning 42, no. 2 (2018): 173–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00018.rea.

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Abstract Arabic is considered one of the defining cases of diglossia (Ferguson, 1959; Sayahi, 2014). Despite previous scholars’ critiques that the construct of diglossia perpetuates linguistic and societal inequalities, few studies have examined how this seminal construct has been enacted in language policy (Woolard & Schieffelin, 1994; Pennycook, 1994; Harris, 1981). This paper addresses this gap by examining language policy in context through an intertextual analysis of language policy documents including the 1992 European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages and several reports on
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van Oostendorp, Marc. "Bilingualism versus multilingualism in the Netherlands." Language Problems and Language Planning 36, no. 3 (2012): 252–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.36.3.04van.

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What are the consequences of the rise of English for the languages spoken in the Netherlands, a medium-sized EU Country in which most of the inhabitants speak a medium-sized language? There are several indications that the Dutch are moving from being a traditionally multilingual population, priding themselves on their knowledge of many foreign languages, to being bilingual, priding themselves on their knowledge of English. The rise of English as an international lingua franca does not seem to harm the position of Dutch in the Netherlands, but it may harm the position of other languages.
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Tibi, Sana, R. Malatesha Joshi, and Lorraine McLeod. "Emergent writing of young children in the United Arab Emirates." Written Language and Literacy 16, no. 1 (2013): 77–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.16.1.04tib.

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We report results of writing samples of six Emirati children aged four to four and a half years collected at monthly intervals over an eight month period (the kindergarten academic year). Three teachers and six parents were interviewed to triangulate the data that were collected in the classrooms. The grounded theory method was used to code and categorize the data, which were then compared with the literature on emergent writing. Findings of this longitudinal study revealed that few opportunities are provided at home and in kindergarten for the development of young children’s emergent writing
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Antoniou, Mark. "The Advantages of Bilingualism Debate." Annual Review of Linguistics 5, no. 1 (2019): 395–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011718-011820.

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Bilingualism was once thought to result in cognitive disadvantages, but research in recent decades has demonstrated that experience with two (or more) languages confers a bilingual advantage in executive functions and may delay the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. However, conflicting evidence has emerged leading to questions concerning the robustness of the bilingual advantage for both executive functions and dementia incidence. Some investigators have failed to find evidence of a bilingual advantage; others have suggested that bilingual advantages may be entirely spurious, while proponents
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Genesee, Fred. "Bilingual first language acquisition: exploring the limits of the language faculty." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 21 (January 2001): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190501000095.

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Most general theories of language acquisition are based on studies of children who acquire one language. A general theory of language acquisition must ultimately accommodate the facts about children who acquire two languages simultaneously during infancy. This chapter reviews current research in three domains of bilingual acquisition: pragmatic features of bilingual code-mixing, grammatical constraints on child bilingual code-mixing, and bilingual syntactic development. It examines the implications of findings from these domains for our understanding of the limits of the mental faculty to acqu
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Weiss, Daniel J. "Introduction: The use of artificial languages in bilingualism research." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 23, no. 1 (2019): 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728919000750.

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For close to a century, experiments using artificial languages (hereafter ALs) have been a staple of psycholinguistic research (Esper, 1925). Contemporary AL research has spanned numerous levels of linguistic inquiry, from phonetic learning through syntax (see Culbertson & Schuler, 2019). This approach has also been successfully applied across development, from infants and children (see Saffran & Kirkham, 2018) through older adults (e.g., Schwab, Schuler, Stillman, Newport, Howard & Howard, 2016), even spanning cross-species comparisons (e.g., Wilson, Slater, Kikuchi, Milne, Marsle
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Gagnon, Chantal. "Language plurality as power struggle." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 18, no. 1 (2006): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.18.1.05gag.

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For this paper, heterolingualism or language plurality will be considered as the presence in a single text or in a social environment of both French and English, Canada’s offcial languages. Language plurality will here be studied from an institutional viewpoint: the influence of the Canadian government on the translation of political speeches. The first part of this article will establish that political speeches are written in a bilingual environment where the two offcial languages are often in contact. This bilingualism, however, is often homogenised when it comes to speech delivery and publi
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ABUTALEBI, JUBIN, and HARALD CLAHSEN. "Bimodal bilingualism: Language and cognition." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 19, no. 2 (2016): 221–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728916000158.

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Bimodal bilingualism refers to a type of bilingualism that employs two different input-output channels, one involving spoken language and the other involving sign language. Until the second half of the twentieth century, sign language was not recognized as a fully-fledged language and there was very little research devoted to bilingual sign language speakers (Grosjean, 1992). In the last two decades, however, interest in the study of bimodal bilingualism, including the cognitive effects of bimodal bilingualism and the neural organization of spoken and sign languages, has increased considerably
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Jawad, Najat A. Muttalib M. "Bilingual Education: Features & Advantages." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 12, no. 5 (2021): 735–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1205.12.

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Bilingual Education is teaching an academic subject in two languages, i.e. a mother language (first language L1) and a second language (L2), with various amounts in an instructed program models. The early viewpoint about the brain tends to assert that learning an L2 negatively affects the L1 by dismissing it outside the brain, and it emphasizes that the idea of bilingualism creates a problem in the teaching process. The late researches on bilingualism disapprove the conclusions of the early researches come with and make it clear that persons who speak two languages (bilinguals) have cognitive
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WIERZBICKA, ANNA. "A conceptual basis for research into emotions and bilingualism." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 11, no. 2 (2008): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728908003362.

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Aneta Pavlenko (henceforth A.P.) is a pioneer in the study of “languages and emotion” in general and “emotions and bilingualism” in particular. If I voice in this commentary some disagreements, I do so in order to engage in a constructive discussion, conscious of how much she has done in this area, and also, of how much we share in our respective perspectives on emotion, languages, and bilingual lives.
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Meisel, Jürgen M. "Diversity and divergence in bilingual acquisition." Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft 40, no. 1 (2021): 65–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfs-2021-2025.

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Abstract Bilingual settings are perceived as exemplary cases of linguistic diversity, and they are assumed to trigger cross-linguistic interaction. The rationale underlying this assumption is the belief that when more than one language is processed in a brain, this will inevitably affect the way in which linguistic knowledge is acquired, stored and used. However, this idea stands in conflict with results obtained by research on children acquiring two (or more) languages simultaneously. They have been demonstrated to be able to differentiate languages from early on and to develop competences qu
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Sari, Betty Tjipta, Fons J. R. van de Vijver, Athanasios Chasiotis, and Michael Bender. "Contextualized bilingualism among adolescents from four different ethnic groups in Indonesia." International Journal of Bilingualism 23, no. 6 (2018): 1469–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006918803678.

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Aims and objectives: We were interested in group differences in Indonesia in bilingualism, whether vocabulary knowledge shows a differential pattern across the languages, and whether language skill and usage differences between groups are moderated by contextual factors, such as ethnic group size. Data and analysis: We examined group differences in language usage at home and in public, self-reported proficiency, and vocabulary scores in both languages among 632 adolescents (292 males, Mage = 14.57 years) from four ethnic groups in Indonesia (214 Javanese, 115 Batak Toba, 108 Toraja, and 195 Ch
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Ingle, Jaan, and Robert C. Williamson. "Minority Languages and Bilingualism: Case Studies in Maintenance and Shift." Language 70, no. 1 (1994): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/416785.

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Minett, James W., and William S.-Y. Wang. "Modelling endangered languages: The effects of bilingualism and social structure." Lingua 118, no. 1 (2008): 19–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2007.04.001.

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van Baal, Yvonne, and David Natvig. "CALL FOR PAPERS: NJL SPECIAL ISSUE: Heritage languages and bilingualism." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 43, no. 1 (2020): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586520000025.

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Giguere, David, and Erika Hoff. "Home language and societal language skills in second-generation bilingual adults." International Journal of Bilingualism 24, no. 5-6 (2020): 1071–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006920932221.

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Aims: Research aims were (a) to test competing predictions regarding the levels of heritage and societal language proficiency among young adults who experienced early exposure to both languages, and (b) to identify sources of individual differences in degree of bilingualism. Design/methodology/approach: Participants comprised 65 Spanish–English bilinguals who reported using both languages on a weekly basis, 25 native English monolinguals, and 25 native Spanish monolinguals. Language and literacy skills were assessed with a battery of standardized and research-based assessments. Degree of bilin
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Francis, Norbert. "Language and dialect in China." Chinese Language and Discourse 7, no. 1 (2016): 136–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cld.7.1.05fra.

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In the study of language learning, researchers sometimes ask how languages in contact are related. They compare the linguistic features of the languages, how the mental grammars of each language sub-system are represented, put to use in performance, and how they interact. Within a linguistic family, languages can be closely related or distantly related, an interesting factor, for example, in understanding bilingualism and second language development. Dialects, on the other hand, are considered to be variants of the same language. While there is no way to always draw a sharp line between the ca
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Rottet, Kevin J. "Translation and contact languages." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 63, no. 4 (2017): 523–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.63.4.04rot.

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In this study we use a translation corpus of English novels translated into two closely related Celtic languages, Welsh and Breton, as one way of shedding light on the extent to which languages can influence each other over time: Welsh has a long history of contact with English, and Breton with French. Ever since the work of Leonard Talmy (1991, 2000 etc.), linguists have recognized that languages fall into a small number of types with respect to how they prefer to talk about motion events. English is a good exemplar of the satellite-framed type, whereas French exemplifies the verb-framed type
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