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Kirunda, Rebecca Florence. "Exploring the link between literacy practices, the rural-urban dimension and academic performance of primary school learners in Uganda district, Uganda." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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This study aimed at establishing and analysing the literacy practices in the rural and urban communities and their effect on the academic achievements of learners. It also aimed to establish the impact of other factors, such as the exposure to the language of examination, the level of parents formal education and the quality of parental mediation in the their children's academic work, which could be responsible for the imbalance between the rural and urban learners academic achievements. This study endeavours to established that the literacy practices in urban areas prepare learners for schooled and global literacies while the literacies in rural areas are to localised and thus impoverish the learners initial literacy development. This study also seek to determine the extent to which the current language policy in education in Uganda favours the urban learners at the expense of the rural learners as far as the acculturation into and acquisition of the schooled and global literacies are concerned.
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Berg, Kristofer K. "A comprehensive study of the teaching of foreign language at the elementary school level." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003bergk.pdf.
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Ssembatya, Henry Hollan. "An analysis of the implementation of the integrated approach in a Luganda language classroom in Uganda." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14422.
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This qualitative study set out to examine how the integrated approach to language teaching led to an enhancement in Luganda language practices in selected ordinary level secondary schools in the Kampala district of Uganda. The study was positioned within an interpretive paradigm, and employed a phenomenological approach in its intention to uncover the lived experiences and common hidden meanings that participants attached to the phenomena. Purposeful sampling was used to identify 30 teachers from 15 schools and 3 inspectors of school curricula who participated in the study. Data generation strategies included personal interviews and observations which were analyzed according to transcendental phenomenological data analysis methods such as bracketing, horizontalization, clustering into themes, textual description, structural description and textual-structural essence of the study. This study is located in the field of language education and informed by the theoretical framework of the cognitive constructivist theory of learning. In terms of the integrated approach in a Luganda language classroom, the findings show firstly, that teachers held positive perceptions towards the integrated approach in a Luganda language classroom and, as such, they perceived it as a basis for teaching language content and literacy practices collectively through various interactive strategies. Secondly, teachers implemented the integrated approach in a Luganda language classroom as a practical-based activity where learners are engaged in tasks which promote meaningful and real communication in the form of content, task-based instruction, literary texts or readers and contextual or experiential learning. Thirdly, findings on the enhancement of language practices in an integrated Luganda language classroom show that if teachers adopted and implemented the principles of the integrated approach, learners would be motivated to acquire not only the four language practices, but also other related practices such as cognitive, social and interpersonal practices which collectively simplify the language use. Lastly, while teachers are aware of what learners could achieve in an integrated Luganda language classroom, findings indicate that they are demotivated by the many challenges in the implementation process which stem from the teachers, the education system, the learners, and the integrated approach itself. The major implications and recommendations of this study’s findings include: firstly, teachers’ perceptions on the use of the integrated approach in a Luganda language classroom imply that since language learning is a function of social and meaningful classroom interactions learning activities should recognize a teacher as a reflective practitioner, consultant or facilitator of learning rather than an instructor. Secondly, the implementation of the integrated approach in a language classroom would require teachers to be grounded in both practical and theoretical instructional strategies which form a basis for monitoring and engaging learners’ oral and interactive practices. Thirdly, the enhancement of language practices is an outcome of classroom motivation and active interactions which involve creative and critical thinking. Thus, creating and sustaining situations for the enhancement of language practices in a language classroom would require effective branding of learners’ interactive activities with ample opportunities for practice as well as instructional support. Fourthly, considering the perceived challenges in the implementation of the integrated approach, the overall recommendation would be that those challenges need to be resolved if the integrated approach is to be successfully implemented in the context of the Luganda language. An awareness of such challenges provides teachers, educators and policy-makers with insightful ideas in terms of how to manage or change instructional strategies in the classroom.
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Chou, Pei-Ying. "Co-teaching and reciprocal teaching for English-as-a-foreign-language reading." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2873.
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The purpose of this project is to help promote elementary English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) students' reading comprehension. The project investigates the co-teaching model and its implementation in the Taiwanese English class. Curriculum and lesson plans are included.
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Vargas, Dolores Judy. "Fluency and comprehension process for English language learners." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3340.
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The purpose of this study is to reengage low-performing students. This study will incorporate meaningful activities, strategies, and techniques to improve reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills.
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Winter, Hannah. "PROBLEMS CONFRONTING HEBREW SPEAKING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PUPILS OF ENGLISH (ESL)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275321.
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Kotze, Tanja. "Teaching and learning strategies to support isiXhosa learners who receive education in a second/third language." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2373.
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Thesis (MEd (Education))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.This research study was aimed at exploring and describing the teaching and learning strategies for language support to isiXhosa speaking learners in Grade One. There are a number of challenges related to teaching in a multi-linguistic classroom. This study highlights some of the current challenges experienced in the Metro East Education District of the Western Cape. In an attempt to resolve these problems, guidelines were given for effective dissemination strategies to support second/third language speaking learners. A gap in the literature on descriptions of current support provided to learners within the theoretical framework of the ecological systems theory was identified. This research therefore intends to fill this gap in the literature. Support to IsiXhosa learners who receive education in a second/third language in the South African context is especially unclear. A qualitative research approach supported by the exploratory, descriptive and contextual research designs was employed. The sample was selected from Grade One teachers from schools in different socio-economic areas in the Western Cape who provided education to IsiXhosa learners who receive education in a second/third language. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. The findings provide a clear description of the challenges experienced by the learner and the teacher, current strategies that are employed by teachers, as well as resources and support utilised by teachers. Conclusions were made in terms of the ecological systems theory. Based on the findings, a number of recommendations were made regarding teaching and learning strategies for language support to Grade One IsiXhosa learners who receive education in a second/third language.
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Liu, Kuan-Ting. "Promoting metalinguistic awareness through peer response in writing in elementary English as a foreign language." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2807.
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This project serves as a resource to help teachers understand and meet the educational needs of second-language learners by promoting their metalinguistic awareness through peer response in writing in elementary English as a foreign language.
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Picpican-Bell, Anne. "Developing oral proficiency through poem recitation in elementary English as a second language." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2932.
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Dagoon, Jinky Lunaspe. "Reading fluency instruction in upper elementary international school classrooms." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2624.
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This project focuses on the importance of reading fluency, emphasizing its role in the construction of meaning and aiding in the overall comprehension process. Its components: accuracy, automaticity, and prosody are examined in relation to various activities that enhance each component. A sample curriculum is discussed.
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Stockseth, Jennifer Leonore. "THE EFFECTS OF GUIDED PROMPTS ON THE WRITTEN RECALLS OF COMMUNITY COLLEGE STUDENTS (COMPREHENSION, READING/WRITING RELATIONSHIPS)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183811.
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The purpose of this study was examine the effects of guided recall prompts on the written recalls of community college students. Data were presented relative to the following areas: (1) statistical analysis of frequency of idea units; (2) statistical analysis of frequency as well as proportion of idea units categorized as literal; inferential, text-relevant supplementary, and text-irrelevant supplementary; (3) statistical analysis of frequency as well as proportion of idea supplementary units categorized as relating to character, theme, reader reaction, or none; (4) statistical analysis of holistic scores for quality of recall; (5) statistical analysis of correlation of holistic scores to frequency scores. Descriptive data relative to categorization of supplementary idea units relating to character, theme, reader reaction, or none were also reported. Subjects were students enrolled in developmental reading courses at Pima Community College who demonstrated a reading ability of at least ninth grade level on the Nelson Denny Reading Test. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of four recall prompts: (1) guided recall prompt which called attention to character, (2) guided recall prompt which called attention to theme, (3) guided recall prompt which called attention to reader reaction, or (4) free recall prompt. Findings indicated that guided recall prompts had effects on the written recalls and that those effects were specific to the respective prompt. Additionally, the responses of readers provided with the guided recall prompts were qualitatively better than those provided with the free recall prompt. A comparison of the frequency scores to the holistic scores seemed to indicate that the holistic score does reflect some aspects of comprehension--specifically literal and inferential recall; however, data also seemed to indicate that the holistic score measures something beyond those things measured by the frequency data
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Kojima, Makiko. "Promoting listening strategies use in elementary English as a foreign language computer-assisted learning environment." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1904.
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In Japan, English education in elementary schools is still in the process of innovation. The purpose of this project is to seek the most appropriate and effective way for elementary-level students to acquire listening skills in a computer-assisted language learning (CALL) environment.
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Lai, Chung-ju. "Staff development for whole-language teacher in Taiwan English as a foreign language." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2571.
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This project explores the Whole Language method for developing Taiwanese students' language proficiency in both Chinese and English. It includes sections on current practice in primary-level instruction, teaching methods, learner-centered literacy, crosscultural teaching and learning, and school administration. It provides a theoretical framework for training Whole Language teachers, an instructional unit and a strategy for assessment.
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Daniels, Deidrè Ann. "Hoe beïnvloed die implementering van 'n interaktiewe skryfprogram die skryfgedrag en -strategieë van graad twee-leerders?" Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98046.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het die invloed van die implementering van `n intervensieprogram ten opsigte van interaktiewe skryf op die skryfgedrag en skryfstrategieë van graad twee-leerders ondersoek. Ek het spesifiek gekyk na interaktiewe skryf as benadering om leerders se skryfvermoë te verbeter. Volgens Wood (1994:117) is die doel van die onderrig van skryf in die Grondslagfase om leerders as skrywers te help ontwikkel met die vermoë om hul gedagtes en idees in skrif te artikuleer asook die vaardighede om dit op `n gepaste manier aan te bied deur gebruik te maak van leesbare skryfstyl, standaardspelling en punktuasie en korrekte sinskonstruksie. Volgens navorsing gedoen deur die Weskaapse Onderwysdepartement met graad drie-leerders in die Wes-Kaap is bewys dat net ses en dertig persent van die leerders wat die taal- en wiskunde-toetsing doen, slaag (WKOD: 2006). Met die analisering van die uitslae het ek bevind dat die graad twee-leerders van ons skool sukkel met skryf. Om hierdie probleem aan te spreek en vir hierdie studie het ek besluit om op interaktiewe skryf te fokus omdat ek van mening is dat dit verskil van tradisionele skryfonderrigmetodes. McCarrier, Pinell & Fountas (2000:4) definieer interaktiewe skryf as `n dinamiese, geïntegreerde aksie waar die leerder aktief besig is om die deur middel van letters, woorde, en frases `n teks te beplan en organiseer. Fountas & Pinnell (2006:440) beskryf interaktiewe skryf as `n benadering waar jonger leerders saam met die onderwyser `n teks skryf en ontwikkel. Die onderwyser dien as fasiliteerder terwyl die leerders die teks ontwerp, skryf en herlees. Die navorsingsgroep bestaan uit ses graad twee-leerders wat aan `n intervensieprogram oor interaktiewe skryf blootgestel is. Die intervensieprogram het bestaan uit `n pretoets, `n hulpverleningsprogram en `n posttoets. Die data-analise het getoon dat die gemiddelde persentasies van die leerders in die posttoets in vergelyking met die pretoets 20% hoër is. Die studie het dus aangetoon dat die skryfintervensie die ses leerders se skryfvaardigheid verbeter het.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research explored the influence of the implemention of an intervention program with regards to interactive writing as a strategy to improve writing behaviour and writing strategies of grade two learners. I specifically looked at interactive writing as a strategy to improve the writing abilities of learners. The purpose of the teaching of writing in the Foundation Phase is to develop learners into writers with the ability to articulate their thoughts and ideas in writing and to present it in the correct way by using legible writing styles, standard spelling and punctuation and the correct grammitical construction (Wood 1994:117). Recent research done by the Western Cape Education Department proved that only thirty six percent of grade three learners in the Western Cape can pass Language and Mathematics at a passrate of 50%. With the analyses of the results I found that the grade two learners struggled with writing. To address the problem and for this study I decided to focus on interactive writing to improve the writing abilities of grade two learners. McCarrier, Pinell & Fountas (2000:4) define interactive writing as a dynamic, integrated action where the learner is actively busy organizing a text through letters, words and phrases. Fountas & Pinnell (2006:440) describe interactive writing as an approach where younger learners work together with the educator to write the text. The educator is the fasilitator in the development of the text. The sample group consisted of six grade two learners who were exposed to the intervention program on interactive writing. The intervention program was divided into three parts, the pre-test, the support program and the post-test. The data-analysis showed that the average percentages the six learners obtained in the two tests improved by 20%. The study showed that the writing intervention had improved the writing abilities of the six learners through the use of interactive writing as a strategy.
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Yen, Alvin Charles. "The intelligences of creative English-as-a-foreign-language learning." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2737.
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This project provides a model for incorporating creativity in teaching English as a foreign language (EFL). It includes an instructional unit comprised of six lessons followed by accompanying assessments. Culture and language cannot be separated as students learn a foreign language.
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Huang, Shih-Hao. "Foreign-language immerision as preferred bilingual/biliterate program model for elementary English education in Taiwan." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2696.
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The primary goal of this project is to clarify the contexts of English as Foreign-language instructional program in Taiwan. Bilteracy is the acquistion and learning of the decoding and encoding of print, using two linguistic and cultural sytems in order to convey mesages in a variety of contexts. Through learning biliteracy, second-language learners gain benefits in cognitive and cultural development.
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Yoshii, Ruri. "Language Skill Development in Japanese Kokugo Education: Analysis of the Television Program Wakaru Kokugo Yomikaki No Tsubo." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2074.
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Any type of education implemented by a modern nation-state is, at least in part, a tool for socializing its people. In this regard, Japanese language and literature education, kokugo, has played an important role in Japan by emphasizing nationalism and the integrity of a Japanese identity. According to Ishihara (2007) and Lee (1996 [English translation 2010]), kokugo, since its inception in 1900, has promoted moral awareness and assimilation of Japanese ideals across the country. However, responding to unsatisfactory test results in the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) in 2003 and 2006, Japan's Ministry of Education Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) adjusted kokugo education policies. A decision was made to place more emphasis on language skills rather than on the traditional kokugo approach that had been in place from the beginning of the Meiji era (1868-1912). Based on an analysis of Wakaru Kokugo Yomikaki no Tsubo (WKYT) (Understanding Kokugo: The Secrets of Reading and Writing), an educational television program for elementary school kokugo classes by Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK), this thesis discusses how language skill development has recently been introduced into the kokugo curriculum and Japanese kokugo education policies. This thesis also uses the historical-structural approach of critical language policy research developed by Tollefson (1991, 2013) and Street (1993) to analyze how this modified kokugo education has the potential to affect the social development of students.
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Ahn, Soonja. "Cognitive-affective outcomes of classroom writing activities in Korean English as a foreign language." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2434.
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This project addresses writing instruction by teaching journal writing, interactive writing, and poetry instruction to Koreans in the English-as-a-foreign language situation. Writing and indentity construction and writing conferences are also addressed. The curriculum is designed for EFL teachers in Korea at the target-teaching level grades 3-6.
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Rau, Man-Lin. "Creative, imaginative English-as-a-foreign-language using storytelling and drama." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2693.
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With a view to improve English teaching, this project provides creative teaching methods for English teachers of elementary schools in Taiwan. Storytelling, creative writing, and creative drama are interesting and lively activities that are used to motivate students to learn English.
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Cordova, Dorothy Gutierrez. "Effective structuring of the classroom for Spanish-speaking children with delayed oral language development." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/632.
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Kwan, Che-ying, and 關之英. "A school-based case study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31957900.
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Olivier, Johanna M. "Investigating literacy development among learners with a second language as medium of education : the effects of an emergent literacy stimulation program in Grade R." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1238.
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Thesis (DPhil (General Linguistics))—University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Addressing the low literacy rates in South Africa poses a mountainous challenge. However, identifying children at risk for reading difficulties and providing timely and preventative intervention might be a good starting point to addressing this challenge. This study aimed at making a contribution to the existing body of literature on emergent literacy skills of learners who are educated in a second or additional language. The study investigated English Language Learners’ (ELLs) emergent literacy skills prior to entering Grade 1 and evaluated the effectiveness of an evidence-based stimulation program in the South African context. The main research question this study attempted to answer was: “What is the effect of a stimulation program for emergent literacy skills in Grade R on the development of literacy of English Language Learners in Grade 1?” In a quasiexperimental design, ELLs’ emergent literacy skills were assessed with an adapted version of the Emergent Literacy Assessment battery (Willenberg 2004) and were compared to those of English first language (L1) and of ELL control groups, both prior to and after an 8-week purpose-designed stimulation program. Results indicated that while learners showed significant improvement on six out of the eight subtests, the particular intervention program did not significantly improve ELLs’ emergent literacy skills (those pertaining to alphabet knowledge, phoneme awareness, print awareness and oral language skills, amongst others) when compared to learners in the respective control groups. When controlling for receptive language abilities, English L1 learners did not perform any better than their L2 peers on any of the eight measures of emergent literacy prior to intervention. Furthermore, upon entering Grade 1, there was no statistical significant difference in the performance of the English L1 learners and ELLs on any of the eight subtests after intervention. Possible independent variables contributing to the dearth of intervention effect included socio-economic status, learners’ L1, and teacher and classroom specific characteristics. These variables were addressed, and clinical implications for speech-language therapists with regards to assessment, intervention, service delivery and outcome measures were highlighted.
AFRIKAANS OPSOMMING: Die aanspreek van Suid-Afrika se geletterdheidsvraagstuk is ‘n reuse uitdaging. Die vroeë identifisering van kinders met ‘n hoë risiko vir leesprobleme en die verskaffing van tydige en voorkomende intervensie mag egter ‘n goeie beginpunt wees in die aanspreek van hierdie uitdaging. Hierdie studie het gepoog om ‘n bydrae te lewer tot die bestaande literatuur oor ontluikende geletterdheidsvaardighede van kinders wat in ‘n tweede of addisionele taal onderrig word. Die studie het die ontluikende geletterheidsvaardighede ondersoek van Graad R-leerders wat in Engels onderrig word, maar vir wie Engels nie hul eerste taal is nie, asook die effektiwiteit van ‘n navorsingsgebaseerde stimulasieprogram binne die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks. Die hoof navorsingsvraag van die studie was: “Wat is die effek van ‘n stimulasieprogram vir ontluikende geletterheidsvaardighede in Graad R op die ontwikkeling van geletterdheid van Engels tweede taal (T2)-leerders in Graad 1?” In ‘n kwasieksperimentele ontwerp is Engels T2-leerders se ontluikende geletterheidsvaardighede met ‘n aangepaste weergawe van die Emergent Literacy Assessment Battery (Willenberg 2004) geëvalueer, en voor en na ‘n 8-week doelgerigte stimulasieprogram vergelyk met die vaardighede van kontrolegroepe wat bestaan het uit Engels eerste taal (T1)-leerders en Engels T2-leerders onderskeidelik. Alhoewel leerders ‘n beduidende verbetering in ses van die agt subtoetse getoon het, het die spesifieke intervensieprogram nie T2-leerders in die eksperimentele groepe se ontluikende geletterdheidsvaardighede beduidend verbeter in vergelyking met leerders in die twee kontrole groepe nie (dit sluit in onder andere alfabetkennis, foneembewustheid, drukbewustheid en orale taalvaardighede). Wanneer daar vir reseptiewe taalvaardighede gekontroleer is, het die T1-leerders nie beduidend beter gevaar as hul T2-portuurgroep op enige van die agt subtoetse van ontluikende geletterdheid nie, en met toetrede tot Graad 1 was daar gevolglik geen statisties beduidende verskil tussen die T1- en T2-groepe ten opsigte van enige van die agt subtoetse nie. Moontlike onafhanklike veranderlikes wat tot hierdie gebrek aan intervensie-effek kon bydra, sluit sosio-ekonomiese status, leerders se T1 en onderwyseren klaskamer-spesifieke eienskappe in. Hierdie veranderlikes is aangespreek, en die kliniese implikasies vir spraak-taalterapeute met betrekking tot evaluasie, intervensie, dienslewering en die noukeurige meting van uitkomste is toegelig.
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Sutton, Candace. "A case study of two teachers' understanding of and attitudes towards bilingualism and multiculturalism in a South African primary school." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/497/.
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Chen, Shao-Hung. "Using technologies of the self to stimulate students' intelligences in English as a foreign language learning." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2111.
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The purpose of this curriculum project is to provide an approach to enrich the process of teaching and learning. This project uses psychological tools to stimulate students' multiple intelligences and to encourage students to know how to manage their learning, so that learning English will no longer be boring; instead it will be creative and practical.
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Wang, Yuqing. "Bicultural identity and emergent/developmental reading strategies in English as a foreign language in Taiwan." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2689.
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Englund, Micaela. "English as a Second Language and Children’s literature : An empirical study on Swedish elementary school teachers’ methods and attitudes towards the use of children’s literature in the English classroom." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Pedagogiskt arbete, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21348.
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Previous research has shown multiple benefits and challenges with the incorporation of children’s literature in the English as a Second language (ESL) classroom. In addition, the use of children’s literature in the lower elementary English classroom is recommended by the Swedish National Agency for Education. Consequently, the current study explores how teachers in Swedish elementary school teach ESL through children’s literature. This empirical study involves English teachers from seven schools in a small municipality in Sweden. The data has been collected through an Internet survey. The study also connects the results to previous international research, comparing Swedish and international research. The results suggest that even though there are many benefits of using children’s literature in the ESL classroom, the respondents seldom use these authentic texts, due to limited time and a narrow supply of literature, among other factors. However, despite these challenges, all of the teachers claim to use children’s literature by reading aloud in the classroom. Based on the results, further research exploring pupils’ thoughts in contrast to teachers would be beneficial. In addition, the majority of the participants expressed that they wanted more information on how to use children’s literature. Therefore, additional research relating to beneficial methods of teaching English through children’s literature, especially in Sweden, is recommended.
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O'Donoghue, Elizabeth Lindsay. "An exploration into self-extending systems in early literacy in English of Grade One isiXhosa speaking learners." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003414.
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The purpose of this research was to explore the ways in which a small, purposefully sampled group of Grade One isiXhosa-speaking children began the process of becoming literate in English as their second language. The research looked specifically for evidence of strategic behaviours in reading and writing which, according to Clay (200 I, 2005), form the foundation for self-extending systems and have the potential to accelerate learning. The research was guided by the principles of Clay's early intervention Reading and Writing Recovery. By Clay's definition, self-extending systems are literacy processing systems that work, that is, they enable children to continue to learn to read by reading and to write by writing. Within this context, the research explored the role of oral language in learning to read and write in English. Consideration was given to the potential for transfer of the principles that underlie Reading Recovery to South African mainstream classrooms in an attempt to raise literacy outcomes for all. This is a particularly urgent need in South Africa where many attempts to tum around poor trajectories of literacy learning do not seem to have the desired long term effects. The results of the research showed that the children began to actively engage in their English literacy learning within a network of strategies, primarily motivated by making meaning of their texts. The findings of the research suggested that a mismatch of needs and instructional procedures was evident here in this formative stage of second language literacy learning. The results suggested that children who were already educationally at risk for a multitude of reasons, were being set back even further by instructional approaches that were unresponsive to their linguistic needs.
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Horng, Chih-Chang, and 洪志彰. "The Teaching Of Indigenous Languages In Elementary Schools： A Case Study of Puyuma Language Teaching." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4abz7v.
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碩士國立臺東大學
教育研究所
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Abstract Since the administration of ethno-linguistic teaching in 2001, we haven’t examined the overall effects of the Puyuma language teaching in elementary schools. This study is based on three study methods : literature reviews, document analysis and half-structured person by person surveys, taking elementary schools which located in Taitung and are applying the Puyuma language teaching as our examples, by looking at the status and questions of the administration of Puyuma language teaching in elementary schools for further discussions and analysis. This study reveals the importance of understanding a language through literatures reviews. It demonstrates that the existence of language is not only related to the communication, but also related to the cultures, human rights and ethnic identity. By tracing back to the language policies in Taiwan, it represents a miserable history, especially the horrible situations in language and culture, constrained by colonialists’ authorities such as Japan and KMT authorities for a very long time. From the implementation of Puyuma Language Education Resource Center, support of school administration, training and employment of ethno-linguistic teachers, teaching methods, teaching materials and parents’ attitude towards ethno-linguistic teaching, we interviewed some school principals, directors, ethno-linguistic teachers, students in order to understand the status and difficulties of Puyuma language teaching. This study found: (1) Due to the fund shortage and management difficulties of Puyuma Language Education Resource Center, there is no benefit of Puyama language education. (2) Language teaching encounters some difficulties such as parents don’t speak their native language at home, schools lack of real life ethnic language environment, shortage of teaching materials (ethno-linguistic teaching materials and teaching multimedia), short teaching hours, the efficiency target of indigenous language is too high, ethno-linguistic teachers and parents don’t think their children can speak their native language mostly. As a result, the outcome of Puyuma language teaching failed.
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Turner, Norma Estelle. "The need to sensitize primary schools teachers to the effect of mother tongue interference." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4148.
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M.Comm.This dissertation explores the effects of mother tongue interference during the process of the acquisition of English as a second language. The Contrastive Analysis and Error Analysis hypotheses are presented and the concepts of interlanguage explored. The limitations and strengths of Contrastive and Error Analysis hypotheses are highlighted. Research on errors that are caused by mother tongue interference is reviewed. A sample of error analysis in the written work of English second language learners at primary school level is undertaken. Errors resulting from mother tongue interference are identified at lexical, semantic, phonological and syntactical level. Various methods and approaches in the teaching of English are identified in accordance with their relevance to outcomes based education. An Eclectic Solution is suggested to facilitate remedial intervention. The Input Hypothesis validity is explored and related to the communicative approach. Examples of lesson material to address some of the issues are included to assist educators.
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Botha, Adriana Johanna Maria. "Metakognitiewe spellingstrategieë vir spesifiek-leergestremde standerd twee-leerlinge." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10847.
Full text
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Siwela, Tembinkosi Dunmore. "English as a second language in learning environmental science in Zimbabwean primary schools." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25820.
Full textAbstract:
The Zimbabwean Education Act of 1987 stated that English was the official language of learning and teaching (LoLT) from grade four upwards. From grade three downwards, the mother tongue was to be used. That Education Act was later amended in 2006, to extend the use of the mother tongue up to grade seven. As a college lecturer, I have observed that there is tension between policy and practice. English and indigenous languages are vying for supremacy as the LoLT from as early as the Early Childhood Development (ECD) level. For the majority of these learners, English is a second language. This research aims to investigate problems emanating from the use of English as a second language (ESL) in learning and teaching Environmental Science (ES) at primary school level. Its objectives are to investigate the usefulness of the language policy currently in use in Zimbabwe as well as to investigate empirically, how grades four to seven teachers and their pupils communicate in class during ES lessons; and identify problems resulting from the use of ESL during ES lessons at primary school level and suggest solutions to these problems. I purposively chose ES because I developed interest in that subject when I taught it at college level where I observed many students teaching it for almost three decades. Most of the pupils these students taught struggled to communicate in ESL.
My research was not intended to test existing theory. Therefore I chose an inductive (qualitative) approach. I adopted the phenomenological case study in which I collected data from the natural setting, namely: three purposively selected primary schools. I did my pilot study at the fourth school. I used four methods of data collection, namely: direct observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and document analysis. The participants were grades four to seven teachers and their pupils.
Findings of this study show that pupils were not willing to participate in class oral discourse. When teachers asked questions, pupils usually gave one-word answers. Teachers and pupils spoke the same first language (L1). So, when they failed to express themselves coherently in English, they code-switched to their L1. When that happened, most of the pupils were eager to talk. They gave correct responses in their L1. Group discussions were very lively when they were held in the pupils’ L1. But when teachers instructed the pupils to discuss in English, many pupils were silenced because of their limited English proficiency (LEP). It was very evident that ESL was a barrier to the learning of ES for many learners. Pupils faced conceptual and communication problems because most of them were not yet proficient enough to use ESL effectively to learn ES. Participants welcomed code-switching to L1 as a solution to their limited English proficiency.Educational Studies
D. Phil. (Education)
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Ausiku, Justus Kashindi. "An evaluation of the implementation of the Namibian language-in-education policy in the upper primary phase in Oshana region." Diss., 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/4050.
Full textAbstract:
After independence, in 1990, the government of the Republic of Namibia perceived the need to replace
the old Language-in-Education Policy (LiEP) for schools with a new one that promotes the use of the mother tongue alongside English in schools and colleges of education. Consequently, the new
Language-in-Education Policy was implemented in all 13 educational regions. The aim of this study is
to evaluate the implementation of this policy in the upper primary schools in Oshana Region.
The findings of the study were analysed according to relevant literature to determine if they were in
line with the theories of language policy evaluation. At least five major findings emerged from this
study that are described in relation to relevant themes, namely; home language, language preferences,
language practices, policy awareness and government support. The study revealed that the majority of
learners in Oshana Region are Oshikwambi speakers, followed by Oshikwanyama speakers. In
addition, the majority of teachers who teach Oshindonga are also not Oshindonga speakers.
Furthermore, the study revealed that the majority of learners, teachers and principals preferred English
as LoLT to Oshiwambo. Another major finding of the study is that despite the fact that English is the
LoLT, both teachers and learners are still struggling to communicate in English. In general, successful
communication often takes place in Oshiwambo. The study revealed that the majority of teachers,
learners and parents are neither aware of the new LiEP nor were they consulted prior to its
implementation. In addition, the LiEP related materials are not available in most of the schools.
Finally, the study found that there is a serious shortage of textbooks and well qualified teachers in
African languages. This shortage of textbooks prevents teachers from giving adequate homework to
learners. Consequently, the LiEP cannot be successfully implemented.
A number of recommendations are made regarding the shortage of textbooks in Oshiwambo, the use
of the mother tongue as LoLT from Grade 1 to Grade 7 and the recognition of other Oshiwambo
dialects. Ongoing consultation and awareness should be a vital part of the review process.Linguistics
M.A. (Sociolinguistics)
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Richards, Sonja. "The development of a formal diagnostic assessment tool for spelling in the foundation phase." Diss., 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/686.
Full textAbstract:
This research is concerned with an investigation into the development of a formal
diagnostic assessment tool for spelling in the foundation phase.
A literature study and information acquired from educators provided information
to compile a suitable spelling list that could be used as a diagnostic tool in the
foundation phase.
A self-designed questionnaire was administered to fifty educators Who provided
their expert opinion regard the spelling list. This was followed up by second
questionnaire that was based on the analysis and interpretation of the first. The
Delphi-technique was applied to this investigation.
The study was complete when consensus was reached among the educators
with regard to which words should be included in the final spelling list.Psychology of Education
M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)
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Erk, Miranda Richelle. "Prácticas internacionales en el extranjero y percepciones de la mejoría lingüística y competencia cultural: Una evaluación del programa “Auxiliares de Conversación”." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3200.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Este estudio analiza las percepciones de mejoría en el español y de conocimiento cultural de los participantes en un programa de ayudantes de inglés, Auxiliares de Conversación, mientras trabajaron en escuelas primarias y secundarias en varias regiones de España. Los participantes provenían de varios países anglófonos, entre ellos los Estados Unidos, el Reino Unido, Canadá, Nueva Zelanda, Australia. Varios participantes rellenaron encuestas a través de internet para evaluar su crecimiento lingüístico y cultural durante el programa, experiencia en los centros educativos y alojamiento. Además, plantearon varias sugerencias para el programa para futuros auxiliares y profesores. Seis auxiliares fueron entrevistados sobre los mismos temas en mayor profundidad.