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Journal articles on the topic 'Language delay LEST'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Singraiah, Avinash, Pavan Hegde, and Hazel D. Mendonsa. "Validation of language evaluation scale Trivandrum in children aged 3 -6 years attending well baby clinic in a tertiary care hospital." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 4, no. 1 (2016): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20164591.

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Background: Delay in language development is often an early and most sensitive indicator of intellectual disability. Language delay should be detected in early stages for early intervention, so our study is to validate a simple screening tool to assess language and speech delay in a tertiary care setting. Present study was conducted to validate LEST to use in pediatric clinics to identify delay in language development among children of 3-6years, and to compare LEST and extended receptive expressive emergent scale (Extended REELS).Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study done in ch

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Ananya, Ganguly, Shrivastava Neha, and Shrivastava Jyotsna. "Language Evaluation in Children with Infantile Tremor Syndrome and Pre ITS." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 3 (2024): 184–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10955463.

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<strong>B</strong><strong>ackground: </strong>This study aimed to assess the language delay in 9 month to 3 years old children with ITS and pre ITS at the time of diagnosis and the effect of treatment on speech and language development after 6 months to one year. <strong>Methodology: </strong>The study was conducted as a  prospective longitudinal observational study on children of age 9 month to 3 year with diagnosis of ITS and PRE ITS admitted in Department of Pediatrics, Kamla Nehru Hospital and Hamidia Hospital Bhopal during the study period of 21 months. All the childre

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Raju, Arunkumar, and Bharanidharan S. "A study of prevalence and factors associated with language delay among 0-3 year old children in a tertiary teaching hospital." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 2 (2020): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20195641.

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Background: Speech and language are essential components of child development. Delay in language development leads to poor scholastic performance, learning disabilities and poor socialization. Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum (LEST) is a screening tool for use in office and communities for identifying language delay.Methods: A descriptive study of cross-sectional design was done in 350 children between 0 and 36 months attending well baby clinic. A proforma with demographic details of parents, antenatal, perinatal risk factors were completed. All mothers were asked to complete home screenin

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Muyassaroh, Muyassaroh, Fahrizal Fahrizal, Zulfikar Naftali, et al. "Identifying Risk Factors of Speech and Language Delay on Children." Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 17, no. 3 (2022): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/kemas.v17i3.27676.

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Speech and language delay are usually found in various disorders such as mental retardation, hearing impairment, psychosocial, autism, receptive aphasia and cerebral palsy and speech organ disorders. Retrospective research at Dr. Kariadi Hospital found that children aged 13 months to 60 months with complaints of speech problems that were subjected to an objective audiometric examination showed that 79.1% had hearing loss. This research aims to determine the relationship of risk factors with speech and language delays in children. This research was conducted in April 2020 using the cross-sectio

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Chandrakant, K. Survase. "Prevalence and Risk Factors Affecting Speech and Language Delay in Children Aged 3- 6 Years in North Maharashtra." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 5 (2023): 986–92. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12583702.

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<strong>Background: </strong>There is a large amount of data on the prevalence and risk factors of speech and language delay from the West. As of now an Indian data is more from tertiary care centers and there is a very scanty data from rural parts of the country or at community screening level. <strong>Objectives : </strong>The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of speech and language delay in children from 3-6 years age group, using the Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum (LEST 3-6). <strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive, cross-section

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Janani, D., Bansal Priyanka, Aglecha Sheela, and Dwivedi Deepak. "Assessment of Speech and Language Delay among 0-3 Year Old Children Attending Well Baby Clinics Using Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum (LEST 0-3)." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 4 (2023): 529–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12668163.

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<strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the prevalence of speech delay among 0–3-year-old children using Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum and to study the modifiable risk factors in speech and language delay among 0–3-year-old children. <strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional prevalence study. <strong>Setting:</strong> Children attending Well Baby Clinic of Tertiary Care Hospital, Central India, aged 0-3 years from March 2014 to September 2014. <strong>Participants:</strong> The cross-sectional study in central India involved assessment o

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Mishra, A. "PP02.12 – 2719: Assessment of speech and language delay among 0–3 year old children attending well baby clinics using Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum (LEST 0–3)." European Journal of Paediatric Neurology 19 (May 2015): S36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1090-3798(15)30115-x.

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N, Rajeshwari, and Lavanya R. "ASSESSMENT OF LANGUAGE DELAY AMONG 0-3 YEAR CHILDREN ATTENDING THE WELL BABY CLINIC IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE USING LEST (0-3 YEARS)." International Journal of Advanced Research 6, no. 6 (2018): 675–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/7261.

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Azam, AZM Mosiul, Humaira Rafiqa Quaderi, Shaoli Sarker, Shayla Imam Kanta, and Suraj Chandra Majumdar. "Services Delivered by the Department of Paediatric Neuroscienc at Walk- in Clinic: A Study in Tertiary Care Children Hospital in Bangladesh." SAS Journal of Medicine 7, no. 9 (2021): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sasjm.2021.v07i09.012.

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Introduction: Outpatient services usually cost less, because you don't need to stay overnight. Staff members at outpatient centers are well trained in the service they provide. Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDDs) are a heterogeneous group of conditions that share a commonality of abnormal development and functioning of the brain. Paediatric Neurscience Department of Dhaka Shishu Hospiatal provides outpatient services for the children having neurodevelopmental problem without an overnight stay. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical patterns of neurological and neur

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Sadiq, Baan Jafar. "Down Syndrome Gender Differences in Production First and Foreign Language." International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 7, no. 3 (2024): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v7i3.1875.

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Many researchers have identified that most Down Syndrome children have language delays. Also, many studies have clarified the inherent difference between normal and Down syndrome children to specify the reasons behind the delay. The current study tries to answer the question is there a difference between female and male children with Down syndrome? Are females or males better at the production of a first and a foreign language? It is hypothesized that there are no differences between the two genders in the production of the first and foreign languages. The study is followed the descriptive met

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Lakshmi, N. R. Aiswarya, Pradeep R. Deshmukh, Jaya Prasad Tripathy, and Urmila Dahake. "Prevalence and Determinants of Developmental Delay in Children of 12–36 Months in the Area of Primary Health Centre, Bela, Nagpur." Indian Journal of Public Health 68, no. 3 (2024): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_334_23.

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Abstract Background: Developmental delay happens when a child fails to attain age-appropriate milestones. Identification of developmental delay in children is important to initiate early intervention in them which will facilitate the children to have a productive life in their later years. Objectives: The objective was to study the prevalence of developmental delay among 12–36-month-old children from the area of Primary Health Centre, Bela, in rural Nagpur, Maharashtra. Materials and Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study design. A total of 314 children were selected through

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Yoon, Jin A., Shin Wook An, Ye Seul Choi, et al. "Correlation of Language Assessment Batteries of Toddlers With Developmental Language Delay." Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine 46, no. 5 (2022): 256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5535/arm.22045.

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Objective To analyze the correlation between standardized language assessment batteries of toddlers and developmental language delays.Methods A total of 319 children with suspected language developmental delays were enrolled in this study retrospectively. They underwent the Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Test (REVT) for vocabulary development assessment and at least one of two language assessment batteries: The Sequenced Language Scale for Infants (SELSI) or the Preschool Receptive-Expressive Language Scale (PRES) for language development assessment. The correlation of the results for rec

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Dale, Philip S., Thomas S. Price, Dorothy V. M. Bishop, and Robert Plomin. "Outcomes of Early Language Delay." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 46, no. 3 (2003): 544–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2003/044).

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Parent-based assessments of vocabulary, grammar, nonverbal ability, and use of language to refer to past and future (displaced reference) were obtained for 8,386 twin children at 2 years of age. Children with 2 year vocabulary scores below the 10th centile were designated the early language delay (ELD) group, and their outcomes at 3 and 4 years were contrasted with the remainder of the sample, the typical language (TL) group. At 3 and 4 years old, children were designated as language impaired if their scores fell below the 15th centile on at least 2 of the 3 parent-provided language measures:

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Hadley, Pamela A. "Exploring Sentence Diversity at the Boundary of Typical and Impaired Language Abilities." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 10 (2020): 3236–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00031.

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Purpose This review article summarizes programmatic research on sentence diversity in toddlers developing language typically and explores developmental patterns of sentence diversity in toddlers at risk for specific language impairment. Method The first half of this review article presents a sentence-focused approach to language assessment and intervention and reviews findings from empirical studies of sentence diversity. In the second half, subject and verb diversity in three simple sentence types are explored in an archival database of toddlers with varying levels of grammatical outcomes at

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Dressler, Wolfgang U. "Independent, Dependent and Interdependent Variables in Language Decay and Language Death." European Review 26, no. 1 (2017): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798717000370.

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This contribution gives in its first part an overview on factors of the decay and death of whole languages, focusing on dependency relations between these factors. They are organised along the following dimensions: socio-political, socio-economic, sociocultural, socio-psychological, and linguistic dimensions. The order of these dimensions partially represents a causal chain from left to right, but with many feedback relations. The second part of this article deals with early (socio-)linguistic indicators of language decay and discusses in this respect massive and asymmetric borrowing from the

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Shandal, Varun, Senthil K. Sundaram, Diane C. Chugani, Ajay Kumar, Michael E. Behen, and Harry T. Chugani. "Abnormal Brain Protein Synthesis in Language Areas of Children With Pervasive Developmental Disorder." Journal of Child Neurology 26, no. 11 (2011): 1347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073811405200.

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This study was performed to evaluate the cerebral protein synthesis rate of language brain regions in children with developmental delay with and without pervasive developmental disorder. The authors performed L-[1-11C]-leucine positron emission tomography (PET) on 8 developmental delay children with pervasive developmental disorder (mean age, 76.25 months) and 8 developmental delay children without pervasive developmental disorder (mean age, 77.63 months). They found a higher protein synthesis rate in developmental delay children with pervasive developmental disorder in the left posterior midd

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Deshpande, Vinuta, Sughra Patait, and Sumitra Bannur. "Prevalence of Developmental Delay in Less Than 6-Year-Old Children in South India – A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study." Indian journal of physical therapy and research 6, no. 2 (2024): 135–39. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijptr.ijptr_5_25.

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Context: Early childhood forms the foundation for holistic development, but developmental delays and disabilities during this period increase the risk for suboptimal health. Despite its significance, epidemiological data on developmental disabilities remains scarce globally and nationally. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of developmental delay in children < 6 years old in Belagavi, Karnataka, South India. Setting and Design: Children residing in Belagavi City. This was a community-based cross-sectional study. Subjects and Methods: Children under the age of 6 years

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Shafique, Sibgha, Sadia Tahira, Muhammad Ahmed, Saba Yaqoob, Hiba Maqsood, and Nimra Zulfiqar. "The perspective of Speech and Language Pathologist about Outcomes of an Early Language Delay in Children Less than 5 Years Old." International Journal of Rehabilitation and Special Education (IJRSE) 2, no. 1 (2022): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/ijrse.2022.2.1.5.

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Background: Language is the systematic and standard use of sounds (or signs or written symbols) for communication or expression purpose. In humans language is controlled primarily by the left cerebral hemisphere, and the right hemisphere is specialized for processing visual-spatial information. This actually depends on the handedness of humans. It is evaluated that around 95% of right-handers and 70% of left-handers appear left-hemisphere dominant for language. Early language delay is a condition that called a common developmental disorder. Persistent delay may lead to adverse impacts on the e

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Kim, Hyeong Seop, Heesuk Shin, Chul Ho Yoon, et al. "The Clinical Features of Preschool Children With Speech and Language Disorder and the Role of Maternal Language." Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine 45, no. 1 (2021): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5535/arm.20129.

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Objective To retrospectively review the characteristics of preschool children with speech and language disorders to determine their clinical features and compares the average degrees of language delay based on hospital visit purposes, language developmental delay causes, and maternal language.Methods One thousand one hundred two children (832 males, 270 females) with the chief complaint of language or speech problems who underwent language assessment for the first time were included. Their medical records, including demographic data, language environments, and family history of language proble

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Logemann, Jeri A., Barbara Roa Pauloski, Laura Colangelo, Cathy Lazarus, Masako Fujiu, and Peter J. Kahrilas. "Effects of a Sour Bolus on Oropharyngeal Swallowing Measures in Patients With Neurogenic Dysphagia." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 38, no. 3 (1995): 556–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3803.556.

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This study examines the effects of a sour bolus (50% lemon juice, 50% barium liquid) on pharyngeal swallow measures in two groups of patients with neurogenic dysphagia. Group 1 consisted of 19 patients who had suffered at least one stroke. Group 2 consisted of 8 patients with dysphagia related to other neurogenic etiologies. All patients were selected because they exhibited delays in the onset of the oral swallow and delays in triggering the pharyngeal swallow on boluses of 1 ml and 3 ml liquid barium during videofluoroscopy. Results showed significant improvement in oral onset of the swallow

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Rescorla, Leslie, and Ellen Schwartz. "Outcome of toddlers with specific expressive language delay." Applied Psycholinguistics 11, no. 4 (1990): 393–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400009644.

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ABSTRACTThis article describes a follow-up of 25 boys diagnosed as having specific expressive language delay (SELD) in the 24- to 31-month age period. At the time of diagnosis, all subjects had Bayley MDI scores above 85, Reynell Receptive Language Age scores within 4 months of their chronological age, and Reynell Expressive Language Age scores at least 5 months below chronological age; most had vocabularies of fewer than 50 words and few if any word combinations. At follow-up, 16 boys were 3 years old, 7 were 3½, and 2 were 4 years of age. When seen for follow-up, half the 25 boys still had v

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Ali, Rezan Kh. "Association Between Screen Time Before the Age of 2 and Preschool Cognitive Development." Koya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 6, no. 1 (2024): 354–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14500/kujhss.v6n1y2023.pp354-362.

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Science argues that a toddler is expected to speak about at least 50 clear words by the age of two. However, infants’ language delay and inattention have become a phenomenon globally. The phenomenon has attracted the attention of researchers worldwide to explore the factors and their negative impact on toddlers and preschoolers. Many researchers have proven that early screen exposure can cause language delay and inattention problems while language development is an indicator of brain development. The objective of this study is to explore the association between infant heavy exposure to child-d

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Hendricks, Gaironeesa, Susan Malcolm-Smith, Colleen Adnams, Dan Joseph Stein, and Kirsten Ann Mary Donald. "Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on language, speech and communication outcomes: a review longitudinal studies." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 31, no. 2 (2018): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/neu.2018.28.

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AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this paper was to provide a systematic review and update on the available longitudinal studies on the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on language, speech and communication development, as well as associated potential environmental confounders during the preschool period.MethodsA literature search was restricted to English, full‐text, peer‐reviewed, longitudinal studies in from 1970 until present: PUBMed, Scopus, Web of Science {C-e Collection, Biological Abstracts, KCI-Kean Journal Database, Russian Science Citation Index, SciELO Citation Index, Zoological

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Freedman, Morris, Suvarna Alladi, Howard Chertkow, et al. "Delaying Onset of Dementia: Are Two Languages Enough?" Behavioural Neurology 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/808137.

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There is an emerging literature suggesting that speaking two or more languages may significantly delay the onset of dementia. Although the mechanisms are unknown, it has been suggested that these may involve cognitive reserve, a concept that has been associated with factors such as higher levels of education, occupational status, social networks, and physical exercise. In the case of bilingualism, cognitive reserve may involve reorganization and strengthening of neural networks that enhance executive control. We review evidence for protective effects of bilingualism from a multicultural perspe

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Zheng, Yifan, Qi Wu, Fengjuan Su, Yingying Fang, Jinsheng Zeng, and Zhong Pei. "The Protective Effect of Cantonese/Mandarin Bilingualism on the Onset of Alzheimer Disease." Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 45, no. 3-4 (2018): 210–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000488485.

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Background: Several studies have found that bilingualism can delay the age of onset of Alzheimer disease (AD). The interpretation of these findings is that switching between two languages can enhance cognitive reserve. However, some studies have provided inconsistent results. Diverse language pairs used by the bilinguals in different studies may contribute to the discrepancies. Cantonese and Mandarin are widely used in southern China, and regarded as bilingualism. The present study aims to determine if Cantonese/Mandarin bilingualism can delay the onset of AD. Methods: The data of 129 patient

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Schaffel Bremenkamp, Elizana, Kathy Rys, Andrew Nevins, and Gertjan Postma. "Zeeuws-Flemish in Brazil: multilingualism and language decay." Gragoatá 22, no. 42 (2017): 435–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.v22i42.33480.

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In this paper, we present the linguistic and cultural description of the Brazilian Zeeuws-Flemish population in Espírito Santo, which today has no more than 20 speakers. The Zeeuws-Flemish speakers, hundreds of whom left Zeeland in 1858-1862, have faced hardship and difficulty in adaptation and integration into Brazilian society ever since their arrival, with their language threatened not only by Brazilian Portuguese, but also by Brazilian Pomeranian, somewhat of a lingua franca among the Germanic Protestant community in the region. In this paper we present a sociolinguistic survey of the Braz

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De Houwer, Annick. "Language Development Milestones for Bilingual and Monolingual Children." Babylonia Journal of Language Education 3 (December 12, 2024): 14–17. https://doi.org/10.55393/babylonia.v3i.505.

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Between September and December 2023, Babylonia collected questions from parents regarding their children's language development. This article aims to answer the following questions: When should my child start talking? What are the typical milestones in language development? [Summary generated by Claude-3-Haiku-200k - we refer the reader to the article in PDF format for a complete answer] This article examines the milestones of language development in bilingual and monolingual children, addressing parents' questions about when children should start talking and what the main typical milestones a

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Rubenstein, Eric, Lisa D. Wiggins, Laura A. Schieve, et al. "Associations between parental broader autism phenotype and child autism spectrum disorder phenotype in the Study to Explore Early Development." Autism 23, no. 2 (2018): 436–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317753563.

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The autism spectrum disorder phenotype varies by social and communication ability and co-occurring developmental, behavioral, and medical conditions. Etiology is also diverse, with myriad potential genetic origins and environmental risk factors. Examining the influence of parental broader autism phenotype—a set of sub-clinical characteristics of autism spectrum disorder—on child autism spectrum disorder phenotypes may help reduce heterogeneity in potential genetic predisposition for autism spectrum disorder. We assessed the associations between parental broader autism phenotype and child pheno

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TAMURA, YU, JUNYA FUKUTA, YOSHITO NISHIMURA, YUI HARADA, KAZUHISA HARA, and DAIKI KATO. "Japanese EFL learners’ sentence processing of conceptual plurality: An analysis focusing on reciprocal verbs." Applied Psycholinguistics 40, no. 1 (2018): 59–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716418000450.

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ABSTRACTThis study aimed to investigate how Japanese learners of English as a foreign language, whose first language does not have obligatory morphological number marking, process conceptual plurality. The targeted structure was reciprocal verbs, which require conceptual plurality to interpret their meanings correctly. The results of a sentence completion task confirmed that participants could use reciprocal verbs reciprocally in English. In a self-paced reading experiment, participants read sentences with reciprocal verbs and those with optionally transitive verbs (e.g., while the king and th

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Warrick, Mallory, Sophie Sherman, Kaylene King, et al. "Screening for Developmental Delays in Pediatric Cochlea Implant Candidates and Recipients." Otology & Neurotology 45, no. 10 (2024): e743-e748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mao.0000000000004306.

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Objective Conduct a pilot clinical improvement project to effectively screen children with hearing loss for developmental delays. Children with hearing loss and cochlear implants (CIs) are at risk for additional developmental delays; however, screening to aid in early identification and referral for developmental delays is not routinely performed at CI centers. It is important to consider all aspects of child development to maximize CI outcomes and access to language. Study Design Caregivers of 31 children completed the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) and the Sensory Profile-2 (SP2), which

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Sätilä, Heli, Laura Mirjami Jolma, Mira Meriläinen-Nipuli, and Mikko Koivu-Jolma. "Challenges and Neuropsychological Functioning in Children and Adolescents with Borderline Intellectual Functioning." Children 9, no. 12 (2022): 1847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9121847.

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This retrospective chart review study sought to explore neuropsychological profiles, neuropsychiatric and psychiatric comorbidity, changes in diagnoses, support at daycare and school, medication use, psychiatric referrals, and progression into further education in a cohort of participants with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF). Additionally, developmental factors connected to BIF were studied. Delays in language and gross motor development were the initial reasons for the parents to seek health care. Comorbid neuropsychiatric and psychiatric diagnoses were frequent, a total of 41% of p

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Broos, Wouter PJ, Wouter Duyck, and Robert J. Hartsuiker. "Monitoring speech production and comprehension: Where is the second-language delay?" Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 7 (2018): 1601–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818807447.

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Research on error monitoring suggests that bilingual Dutch–English speakers are slower to correct some speech errors in their second language (L2) as opposed to their first language (L1). But which component of self-monitoring is slowed down in L2, error detection or interruption and repair of the error? This study charted the time course of monitoring in monolingual English speakers and bilingual Dutch–English speakers in language production and language comprehension, with the aim of pinpointing the component(s) of monitoring that cause an L2 disadvantage. First, we asked whether phonologica

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Bulbul, Lida, Gizem Kara Elitok, Ebru Ayyıldız, et al. "Neuromotor Development Evaluation of Preterm Babies Less than 34 Weeks of Gestation with Bayley III at 18-24 Months." BioMed Research International 2020 (October 20, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5480450.

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Objectives. To assess and evaluate the risk factors affecting the neuromotor development of preterm babies at corrected age 18 to 24 months. Methods. Preterm babies ≤ 34 weeks of gestational age (GA) who were born in our hospital between 2011 and 2014 were prospectively included in the study. Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal features of the babies were recorded. Bayley Scales of Infants and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III), was applied at corrected age 18 to 24 months. Results. All data of 96 babies were obtained during the study, mean birth weight was 1542 ± 518 g, and mean c

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Saputro, B. R. W., and D. Achjari. "The Impact of XBRL Adoption on Audit Delay in the Financial and Non-Financial Industries in Indonesia." Jurnal Teknologi dan Informasi 10, no. 2 (2020): 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/jati.v10i2.3066.

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Penerapan teknologi informasi di lingkungan akuntansi diantaranya adalah eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bukti empiris dampak penggunaan XBRL dan jenis industri terhadap audit delay di Indonesia. Perbedaan audit delay sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan XBRL berdasarkan jenis industri keuangan dan non-keuangan juga diteliti. Sampel penelitiannya adalah 88 perusahaan publik yang diperoleh dari Bursa Efek Indonesia. Data yang terkumpul dianalisa dengan menggunakan regresi Generalized Least Square dan uji beda Wilcoxon Signed Rank. Hasil penelit

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Van Coller, H. P., and J. C. Steyn. "Die Afrikaanse letterkunde in ’n amptelik Engels-eentalige Suid-Afrika." Literator 13, no. 1 (1992): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v13i1.721.

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In this article the situation of Afrikaans literature in an officially English monolingual South Africa is discussed. The growth and decline of languages are influenced by so many factors and processes that it is impossible to predict precisely how loss of official status and the concomitant loss of important legal and conventional language rights presently enjoyed by Afrikaans speakers would affect Afrikaans. Nevertheless it is certain that at least three areas will be affected. Firstly, loss of recognition and the anglicization of tertiary education will bring about a decline in Afrikaans as

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Loeb, Diane Frome, Caitlin M. Imgrund, Jaehoon Lee, and Steven M. Barlow. "Language, Motor, and Cognitive Outcomes of Toddlers Who Were Born Preterm." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 29, no. 2 (2020): 625–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_ajslp-19-00049.

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the language, motor, and cognitive abilities of children born preterm in four categories: (a) healthy preterm infants, (b) infants of diabetic mothers, (c) infants with respiratory distress syndrome, and (d) infants with chronic lung disease when the children were 30 months, uncorrected age. Comorbidity of language, motor, and cognitive skills was examined, along with predictor variables. Method A total of 148 children who were born preterm participated and were assessed using bivariate tests and logistic regression on standardized assessment sc

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Sreenivasa Murthy, K. E., P. Vishnu Kumar, and S. M. Shamsheer Daula. "High Speed and Less Area Efficient Montgomery Modular Multiplication for VLSI Applications." E3S Web of Conferences 540 (2024): 14003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454014003.

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A high speed and area efficient Montgomery modular multiplication algorithm is implemented. In the proposed multiplier high speed is achieved by using the carry save adder (CSA) to reduce the carry propagation at the addition operation stage due to this delay is reduced and the input and outputs are propagated in the binary format. In modular multiplication these carry save adders are used for the format conversion leads less area consumption and the critical path is also reduced. In the proposed multiplier the number of addition and multiplication stages is reduced at the each stage of comput

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Locke, Ann, and Jane Ginsborg. "Spoken language in the early years: The cognitive and linguistic development of three- to five-year-old children from socio-economically deprived backgrounds." Educational and Child Psychology 20, no. 4 (2003): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2003.20.4.68.

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AbstractEvidence from the USA (Hart & Risley, 1995; Robertson, 1998) and the UK (Tunmer & Hoover, 1992; Burt, Holm & Dodd, 1999) suggests that socio-economically disadvantaged children are more likely than children of higher socio-economic status to have poor language skills and thus to be at risk of subsequent academic failure. The present study represents the baseline and first follow-up stages (funded by British Telecom) of a proposed longitudinal investigation of socioeconomically disadvantaged children entering nursery at the age of three until the age of seven, when they will

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McDonald, H., C. Moren, and J. Scarlett. "Health inequalities in timely antenatal care: audit of pre- and post-referral delays in antenatal bookings in London 2015–16." Journal of Public Health 42, no. 4 (2020): 801–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdz184.

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Abstract Background Antenatal booking has potential to reduce infant and maternal health inequalities; yet, those most in need are least likely to access timely care. This audit describes late referral and antenatal booking across London in 2015–16, according to maternal characteristics. Methods Referral &lt; 8 weeks’ gestation, booking &lt; 2 weeks after referral and booking &lt; 10 weeks’ gestation were audited against maternal and referral characteristics. Results Of 122 275 antenatal bookings, 27.1% were before 10 weeks’ gestation and 72.8% by 12 + 6 weeks. Characteristics asso

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Feltner, Cynthia, Ina F. Wallace, Sallie W. Nowell, et al. "Screening for Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children 5 Years or Younger." JAMA 331, no. 4 (2024): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.24647.

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ImportanceChildren with speech and language difficulties are at risk for learning and behavioral problems.ObjectiveTo review the evidence on screening for speech and language delay or disorders in children 5 years or younger to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force.Data SourcesPubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PsycInfo, ERIC, Linguistic and Language Behavior Abstracts (ProQuest), and trial registries through January 17, 2023; surveillance through November 24, 2023.Study SelectionEnglish-language studies of screening test accuracy, trials or cohort studies comparing screening vs no scree

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Kochav-Lev, Mooly, Odeya Bennett-Back, Meir Lotan, and Chen Stein-Zamir. "The Use of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) as a Diagnostic Scale for Infants with Autism." Diagnostics 13, no. 6 (2023): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061045.

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of developmental disabilities presenting difficulties in social interaction and language and an increased occurrence of cognitive, sensory, and motor gaps. Early intervention has been reported to improve the function of children with ASD. However, motor screening for children with ASD is difficult, as there are no specific tools for identifying this specific population. This study reports the results of using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), which assesses gross infant motor skills from ages 0 to 18 months, as a screening tool for detecting motor

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Eigsti, Inge-Marie, and Deborah A. Fein. "More Is Less: Pitch Discrimination and Language Delays in Children with Optimal Outcomes from Autism." Autism Research 6, no. 6 (2013): 605–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1324.

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BAIL, AMELIE, GIOVANNA MORINI, and ROCHELLE S. NEWMAN. "Look at the gato! Code-switching in speech to toddlers." Journal of Child Language 42, no. 5 (2014): 1073–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000914000695.

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AbstractWe examined code-switching (CS) in the speech of twenty-four bilingual caregivers when speaking with their 18- to 24-month-old children. All parents CS at least once in a short play session, and some code-switched quite often (over 1/3 of utterances). This CS included both inter-sentential and intra-sentential switches, suggesting that at least some children are frequently exposed to mixed-language sentences. However, we found no evidence that this exposure to CS had any detrimental effect on children's word learning: children's overall vocabulary size did not relate to parental inter-

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O'Neil-Pirozzi, Therese M. "Language Functioning of Residents in Family Homeless Shelters." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 12, no. 2 (2003): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2003/069).

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The number of individuals who are homeless is rising, particularly among families (typically mothers) with preschool children. This study examined the speech-language abilities of 25 mothers and their preschool children residing in urban homeless shelters. Results of standardized testing revealed that the majority of the mothers and their preschool children presented with overall language deficits or delays which were present in at least 1 of 4 language modalities: auditory comprehension, verbal expression, reading, and writing. Clinical and research implications of these results for both the

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Chandrasekar, Kavyashree, Lakshmi Venkatesh, Vidya Ramkumar, Subramaniyan Balasubramaniyan, and Vasudharany Varadharajan. "Validation of a developmental screening tool from a national health program in India for screening speech-language disorders among children." Wellcome Open Research 8 (December 15, 2023): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.20103.1.

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Background Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) is a Government of India initiative that aims to develop a structured approach toward child health screening and early intervention. Objectives The current study aimed to validate the RBSK developmental screening tool incorporated within a mobile-based application for screening of speech and language delays/disorders among children below 6 years of age Methods A total of 235 caregiver-child dyads including 96 children aged below 2;6 years; months and 139 children between 2;6 and 6;0 years participated in the study. Children underwent developme

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TAKARAE, YUKARI, BEATRIZ LUNA, NANCY J. MINSHEW, and JOHN A. SWEENEY. "Patterns of visual sensory and sensorimotor abnormalities in autism vary in relation to history of early language delay." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 14, no. 6 (2008): 980–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617708081277.

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AbstractVisual motion perception and pursuit eye movement deficits have been reported in autism. However, it is unclear whether these impairments are related to each other or to clinical symptoms of the disorder. High-functioning individuals with autism (41 with and 36 without delayed language acquisition) and 46 control subjects participated in the present study. All three subject groups were matched on chronological age and Full-Scale IQ. The autism group with delayed language acquisition had bilateral impairments on visual motion discrimination tasks, whereas the autism group without delay

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Bermúdez-Margaretto, Beatriz, Federico Gallo, Mikhail Pokhoday, Yury Shtyrov, Hamutal Kreiner, and Andriy Myachykov. "Understanding Language Attrition through Orthography." Languages 6, no. 4 (2021): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages6040199.

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The decay in the proficiency of the native language (L1), known as first language attrition, is one of the least understood phenomena associated with the acquisition of a second language (L2). Indeed, the exact cause for the deterioration in L1 performance, be that either the interference from L2 acquisition or the less frequent use of L1, still remains elusive. In this opinion paper, we focus on one largely understudied aspect of L1 attrition—namely, the erosion of the L1 orthographic knowledge under the influence of L2 orthography. In particular, we propose to study differences in orthograph

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Pritchard, Verena E., Stephanie A. Malone, Kelly Burgoyne, Michelle Heron-Delaney, Dorothy V. M. Bishop, and Charles Hulme. "Stage 2 Registered Report: There is no appreciable relationship between strength of hand preference and language ability in 6- to 7-year-old children." Wellcome Open Research 4 (May 13, 2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15254.1.

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Background: Weak or inconsistent hand preference has been postulated to be a risk factor for developmental language delay. Following on from our Registered Stage 1 report this study assessed the extent to which variations in language skills are associated with the strength of hand preference. Methods: Data are drawn from a large sample (N = 569) of 6- to 7-year-old children unselected for ability, assessed at two time points, 6 months apart. Hand preference was assessed using the Quantitative Hand Preference (QHP) task and five uni-manual motor tasks. Language skills (expressive and receptive

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McAlonan, G. M., C. Cheung, V. Cheung, N. Wong, J. Suckling, and S. E. Chua. "Differential effects on white-matter systems in high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome." Psychological Medicine 39, no. 11 (2009): 1885–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291709005728.

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BackgroundWhether autism spectrum maps onto a spectrum of brain abnormalities and whether Asperger's syndrome (ASP) is distinct from high-functioning autism (HFA) are debated. White-matter maldevelopment is associated with autism and disconnectivity theories of autism are compelling. However, it is unknown whether children with ASP and HFA have distinct white-matter abnormalities.MethodVoxel-based morphometry mapped white-matter volumes across the whole brain in 91 children. Thirty-six had autism spectrum disorder. A history of delay in phrase speech defined half with HFA; those without delay

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Lu, Xiwen, Korinn S. Ostrow, and Neil T. Heffernan. "Save Your Strokes: Chinese Handwriting Practice Makes for Ineffective Use of Instructional Time in Second Language Classrooms." AERA Open 5, no. 4 (2019): 233285841989032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2332858419890326.

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Handwriting practice is the most time-consuming activity for learners of Chinese as a foreign language (CFL). CFL instructors report allocating at least one third of their course time to handwriting practice although it prevents students from engaging in meaningful communication, especially in the earliest stages of learning. Given the amount of time students spend in a college course is relatively fixed, the preregistered study presented herein examines the best use of students’ time when primary goals are word acquisition and communication. This work replicates a pilot study examining CFL wo

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