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Journal articles on the topic 'Language judgments'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Ellis, Rod. "Grammatically Judgments and Second Language Acquisition." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 13, no. 2 (1991): 161–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100009931.

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This article takes a critical look at grammaticality judgment tasks in second language acquisition research. It begins by examining the theoretical assumptions that underlie grammaticality judgment tasks, pointing out that previous studies have reported considerable differences between the results obtained from grammaticality judgment tasks and from other, production-oriented tasks. A description of the design features of grammaticality judgment tasks that have been used to date is then provided. There follows an account of a small-scale study designed to investigate the nature of learner judg

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Barabadi, Elyas, Mohsen Rahmani Tabar, and James R. Booth. "The Relation of Language Context and Religiosity to Trilemma Judgments." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 52, no. 6 (2021): 583–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220221211033987.

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Utilitarian judgments maximize benefit for the most people, whereas deontological judgments are based on moral norms. Previous work shows that people tend to make more utilitarian judgments in their second compared to their native language, whereas higher religiosity is associated with more deontological judgments. However, it is not known whether the effect of language context is moderated by the religiosity of the individual. We hypothesized that more religious participants from all three languages would favor deontological choices irrespective of language context. In order to investigate th

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Song, Wenxiu. "Language Strategies in Legal Reasoning of Judgments: an Engagement-Adaptation Model." International Journal of English Language Education 8, no. 1 (2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijele.v8i1.16384.

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Legal reasoning, as the core of the judgment, has always been the focus of legal community. While in fact, the reasoning of judgment is not only related to knowledge of jurisprudence but also associates closely with the use of language strategies and thus deserves the attention of linguistic scholars. This study attempts to explore the language strategies underlying the legal reasoning of judgment based on engagement system of appraisal theory and adaptation theory. Through analyzing the legal reasoning of ten American judgments, it is found that substantial engagement resources are employed i

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Lucas, Ceil, and Clayton Valli. "ASL or contact signing: Issues of judgment." Language in Society 20, no. 2 (1991): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500016274.

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ABSTRACTThis article reports on one aspect of an ongoing study of language contact in the American deaf community. A kind of signing that results from the contact between American Sign Language (ASL) and English exhibits features of both languages. The ultimate goal of the study is a linguistic description of contact signing and a reexamination of claims that it is a pidgin. Ten dyads and two triads of native ASL signers (6 white dyads, 4 black dyads, 2 black triads) were videotaped with a deaf interviewer, a hearing interviewer, and alone with each other. The different interview situations in

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Masny, Diana, and Alison d'Anglejan. "Language, cognition, and second language grammaticality judgments." Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 14, no. 2 (1985): 175–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01067628.

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Allison, Kristen M., Mackenzie Russell, and Katherine C. Hustad. "Reliability of Perceptual Judgments of Phonetic Accuracy and Hypernasality Among Speech-Language Pathologists for Children With Dysarthria." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 30, no. 3S (2021): 1558–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_ajslp-20-00144.

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Purpose The objectives of this study were to: (a) compare interrater reliability of practicing speech-language pathologists' (SLPs) perceptual judgments of phonetic accuracy and hypernasality between children with dysarthria and those with typical development, and (b) to identify speech factors that influence reliability of these perceptual judgments for children with dysarthria. Method Ten SLPs provided ratings of speech samples from twenty 5-year-old children with dysarthria and twenty 5-year-old children with typical development on two tasks via a web-based platform: a hypernasality judgmen

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STOCKMAL, VERNA, DANNY R. MOATES, and ZINNY S. BOND. "Same talker, different language." Applied Psycholinguistics 21, no. 3 (2000): 383–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400003052.

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When discriminating between unknown foreign languages, infants, young children, and adult listeners are able to make same-language/different-language discrimination judgments at better than chance levels. In these studies (Lorch & Meara, 1989; Mehler et al., 1988; Stockmal, 1995), foreign language samples have often been provided by different talkers, confounding voice characteristics and language characteristics. In Experiments 1 and 2, using the same talkers for different pairs of languages, we found that listeners were able to discriminate between languages they did not know, even when

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Cheng, Le, and Lianzhen He. "Revisiting judgment translation in Hong Kong." Semiotica 2016, no. 209 (2016): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2016-0007.

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AbstractAs Hong Kong is the only common law jurisdiction operating in Chinese, alongside English, writing a common law judgment in Chinese is like exploring an uncharted domain in legal discourse. Apart from those judgments originally written in Chinese, Chinese judgments have also been prepared by way of translation from English. Besides, there are also English translations of Chinese judgments of jurisprudential value. Judgments in Hong Kong therefore present an interesting case for study both from a legal point of view and from the perspective of discourse analysis. As Chinese judgments in

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Geerlings, Marieke, and André van Montfort. "What exactly did the judge decide? Clear language and well-arranged structure lead to better comprehensible court judgments." Archives of Business Research 8, no. 1 (2020): 248–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.81.7752.

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In recent years, judicial authorities in the Netherlands have started paying more and more attention to the linguistic and textual quality of their judgments. This is based on the assumption that a better linguistic and textual quality of court judgments leads to the content of these judgments being better understood by citizens and private or public organizations. However, to what extent is this plausible assumption empirically correct? To answer this question, an original administrative law judgment from a Dutch district court was rewritten on the basis of a number of linguistic and textual

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Poon Wai-Yee, Emily. "The Translation of Judgments." Meta 51, no. 3 (2006): 551–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/013559ar.

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Abstract This paper advocates the adoption of a plain language approach in the translation of judgments. The front-line objective is to gradually develop among legal practitioners the consciousness of using Chinese as a legal language, whether it is for judgment writing or for use as the trial language. While the pilot project on the translation of case law launched by the Subcommittee on the Translation of Case Precedents was a good attempt to boost the translation incentive, it exposed a number of problems in legal translation as yet unsolved. This paper explores potential solutions to these

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Leiter, Brian. "MORALITIES ARE A SIGN-LANGUAGE OF THE AFFECTS." Social Philosophy and Policy 30, no. 1-2 (2013): 237–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052513000113.

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AbstractThis essay offers an interpretation and partial defense of Nietzsche's idea that moralities and moral judgments are “sign-languages” or “symptoms” of our affects, that is, of our emotions or feelings. According to Nietzsche, as I reconstruct his view, moral judgments result from the interaction of two kinds of affective responses: first, a “basic affect” of inclination toward or aversion from certain acts, and then a further affective response (the “meta-affect”) to that basic affect (that is, sometimes we can be either inclined towards or averted from our basic affects). I argue that

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He, Xia, Guoping Du, and Long Hong. "Graphic Deduction Based on Set." JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science 26, no. 10 (2020): 1331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jucs.2020.069.

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Based on basic concept of symbolic logic and set theory, this paper focuses on judgments and attempts to provide a new method for the study of logic. It establishes the formal language of the extension of judgment J*, and formally describes a, e, i, o judgment, and thus gives set theory representation and graphical representation that can distinguish between universal judgments and particular judgments. According to the content of non-modal deductive reasoning in formal logic, it gives weakening theorem, strengthening theorem and a number of typical graphical representation theorem (graphic th

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Cordes, Anne K., and Roger J. Ingham. "Judgments of Stuttered and Nonstuttered Intervals by Recognized Authorities in Stuttering Research." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 38, no. 1 (1995): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3801.33.

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The study reported in this paper gathered judgments of stuttering on brief (5.0-sec) audiovisual speech samples taken from six adults who stuttered. Judgments were made by 10 highly experienced authorities on stuttering treatment and research, located in seven different universities or clinical research centers. Results showed considerable agreement between pairs of judges working in the same center, but large and potentially fundamental differences were identified in the amount of stuttering recorded in different centers. Approximately 40% of the 5.0-sec speech intervals used in this study we

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Burroughs, Elizabeth I., and J. Bruce Tomblin. "Speech and Language Correlates of Adults' Judgments of Children." Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders 55, no. 3 (1990): 485–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5503.485.

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This two-part study explored the influence that a preschool-aged child's communication behavior has on the impression he or she makes on adults. First, the semantic differential technique was used to reveal the dimensions that describe the adults' judgments of these children. Four adult judges listened to 140 2-min samples of children conversing with an adult and rated the children on 24 bipolar adjective scales. Factor analysis of the ratings produced a three-dimensional structure (Dynamism, Maturity, and Appeal) that accounted for 80% of the total variance in the judgment data. Next, the ass

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Guijarro-Fuentes, Pedro. "Cross-linguistic influence in bilingual language acquisition: Determining onset and end." Probus 31, no. 2 (2019): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/probus-2016-0010.

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Abstract In this paper we review current novel work across several languages and instances of bilingual acquisition (2L1 and child L2), whose focus is on the syntax and semantics of different linguistic phenomena with a range of naturalistic and experimental methodologies (e. g. grammaticality judgments, truth-value judgment task, semantics entailment experiments in on-line and off-line modalities and longitudinal data) to determine at which age one can say that the influence of one language over the other diminishes or disappears. Moreover, we discuss the central issue of what may trigger the

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Schachter, Jacquelyn, and Virginia Yip. "Grammaticality Judgments." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 12, no. 4 (1990): 379–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100009487.

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Grammaticality judgments reflect a compound product of both grammatical and processing factors. But because they interact in a symbiotic way, very often grammatical and processing constraints are difficult to separate. According to generally accepted grammatical theory, (a) Who do you think John told Mary he fell in love with? and (b) Who do you think John told Mary fell in love with Sue? are equally grammatical. We have observed, however, that native speakers strongly accept sentences like (a) as grammatical but react quite variably to sentences like (b). A possible explanation is that native

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Jansen, Thorben, Cristina Vögelin, Nils Machts, Stefan Daniel Keller, and Jens Möller. "Don't Just Judge the Spelling! The Influence of Spelling on Assessing Second-Language Student Essays." Frontline Learning Research 9, no. 1 (2021): 44–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14786/flr.v9i1.541.

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When judging subject-specific aspects of students’ texts, teachers should assess various characteristics, e.g., spelling and content, independently of one another since these characteristics are indicators of different skills. Independent judgments enable teachers to adapt their classroom instruction according to students’ skills. It is still unclear how well teachers meet this challenge and which intervention could be helpful to them. In Study 1, N = 51 pre-service teachers assessed four authentic English as a Second Language (ESL) essays with different overall text qualities and different qu

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Koronkiewicz, Bryan. "Acquiring L1-English L2-Spanish Code-Switching: The Role of Exposure to Language Mixing." Languages 3, no. 3 (2018): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages3030026.

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This paper explores the code-switching behavior of second language (L2) bilinguals as a lens into the development of their L2 linguistic systems. Specifically, it investigates the acceptability judgments of L1-English L2-Spanish bilinguals on intra-sentential code-switching, comparing those judgments to a group of Spanish–English bilinguals who acquired both languages as an L1. The particular issues of proficiency and bilingual language behavior are analyzed, testing whether either factor has an effect on L2 code-switching intuitions. The results suggest that both proficiency and bilingual lan

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Cordes, Anne K., Roger J. Ingham, Peter Frank, and Janis Costello Ingham. "Time-Interval Analysis of Interjudge and Intrajudge Agreement for Stuttering Event Judgments." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 35, no. 3 (1992): 483–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3503.483.

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In response to the recognized need for a valid and reliable way to measure stuttering, this study investigates a measurement methodology based on time-interval analyses of stuttering event judgments. Three groups of judges, differing in stuttering judgment experience, identified stuttering events in 12 repeated presentations of five 1-min speech samples. Fixed time intervals ranging from 0.2 sec to 7.0 sec were then superimposed on the event judgments by a data analysis program. Inter- and intrajudge interval-by-interval agreement, and agreement for total numbers of intervals containing stutte

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Ingham, Roger J., and Anne K. Cordes. "Identifying the Authoritative Judgments of Stuttering." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 40, no. 3 (1997): 581–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4003.581.

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Reliable and accurate stuttering measurement depends on the existence of unambiguous descriptions or exemplars of stuttered and nonstuttered speech. The development of clinically meaningful and useful exemplars, in turn, requires determining whether persons who stutter judge the same speech to be stuttered that other observers judge to be stuttered. The purpose of these experiments, therefore, was to compare stuttering judgments from several sources: 15 adults who stutter, judging their own spontaneous speech; the same adults who stutter, judging each other's speech; and a panel of 10 authorit

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Juffs, Alan, and Michael Harrington. "Parsing Effects in Second Language Sentence Processing." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 17, no. 4 (1995): 483–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s027226310001442x.

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This paper reexamines claims that second language learners are more accurate at judging long-distance object extraction than subject extraction and that the difference in accuracy is due to processing factors rather than differences in underlying competence. Although previous studies have reported robust effects for the subject/object asymmetry, the global nature of the response measures leaves open the question of whether the subject gap is in fact the locus of difficulty for second language learners. Using many of the same stimuli sentences from original research in combination with a theory

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Tena, Francisco Godoy. "Multilingual Analysis of Macrostructure in Online Lower Court Judgments of England and Wales, Germany, France and Spain: A Comparative Summary and Phraseology." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, no. 10 (2020): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2020.3.10.15.

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Court judgments are documents in legal proceedings, defined as: “a court’s final determination of the rights and obligations of the parties in a case” (Garner, 2006: 388). The main importance of this legal document lies in the fact that it covers all private and public problems that may arise in society. Owing to this fact, court judgments can be found in most of the legal systems worldwide. The aim of this article is to establish a comparative study of court judgments from four legal systems and written in the following languages: English, German, French and Spanish. This paper is focused on

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Cordes, Anne K., and Roger J. Ingham. "Effects of Time-Interval Judgment Training on Real-Time Measurement of Stuttering." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 42, no. 4 (1999): 862–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4204.862.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a previously developed interval-based training program could improve judges' stuttering event judgments. Two groups of judges made real-time stuttering event judgments (computer-mouse button presses) in 3 to 6 trials before the response-contingent judgment training program and in another 3 to 6 trials after training, for recordings of 9 adults who stuttered. Their judgments were analyzed in terms of number of stuttering events, duration of stuttering, and 5-s intervals of speech that could be categorized as judged (or not judged) to contain

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Veenstra, Jikkie, and Remco Knooihuizen. "English and the use of the simple past in Dutch." Taal en Tongval 73, no. 1 (2021): 81–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/tet2021.3.veen.

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Abstract The global dominance of English has resulted in contact-induced change in many of the world’s languages. While lexical influence is perhaps the most widespread and the most visible form of change, there are indications that English may also be influencing languages on a structural level. In this article, we investigate a case of potential contact-induced structural change in the verb tense system of Dutch. Non-standard use of the simple past (instead of the standard present perfect) has been noticed for some time, and often linked to English influence. Based on an acceptability judgme

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Zhang, Allee M., and Yunxia Zhu. "How Does Vivid Language Shape Investor Judgments?" Academy of Management Perspectives 25, no. 3 (2011): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amp.2011.63886531.

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Zhang, Allee M., and Yunxia Zhu. "How Does Vivid Language Shape Investor Judgments?" Academy of Management Perspectives 25, no. 3 (2011): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amp.25.3.zol75.

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Coates, Linda, Janet Beavin Bavelas, and James Gibson. "Anomalous Language in Sexual Assault Trial Judgments." Discourse & Society 5, no. 2 (1994): 189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926594005002003.

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Derwing, Tracey M., Marian J. Rossiter, Murray J. Munro, and Ron I. Thomson. "Second Language Fluency: Judgments on Different Tasks." Language Learning 54, no. 4 (2004): 655–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2004.00282.x.

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Ionin, Tania, and Eve Zyzik. "Judgment and Interpretation Tasks in Second Language Research." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 34 (March 2014): 37–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190514000026.

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This article provides an overview of recent studies in second language acquisition that use tasks that elicit learners' judgments about the grammaticality of language or learners' interpretation of language. We discuss acceptability judgment tasks, preference tasks, truth-value judgment tasks, and other types of interpretation tasks. For each task type, recent studies that use that task are briefly summarized, with a focus on advantages and disadvantages of the methodology in relation to the study's objectives. A variety of topics related to task administration are covered, including (but not

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Verhagen, Véronique, and Maria Mos. "Stability of familiarity judgments: Individual variation and the invariant bigger picture." Cognitive Linguistics 27, no. 3 (2016): 307–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2015-0063.

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AbstractJudgments are often used in linguistic research. Not much is known, however, about the variation of such judgments within and between participants. From a usage-based perspective, variation might be expected: with judgments based in representations, and representations resulting from input and use, both inter- and intra-individual variation are likely. This study investigates the reliability of metalinguistic judgments, more specifically familiarity judgments, for Dutch prepositional phrases (e. g., op de bank, ‘on the couch’). Familiarity judgments for 44 PPs offered in isolation and

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Hall, Matthew L., Victor S. Ferreira, and Rachel I. Mayberry. "Phonological similarity judgments in ASL." New Methodologies in Sign Language Phonology: Papers from TISLR 10 15, no. 1 (2012): 104–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sll.15.1.05hal.

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We created a novel paradigm to investigate phonological processing in sign and asked how age of acquisition (AoA) may affect it. Participants indicated which of two signs was more phonologically similar to a target, and estimated the strength of the resemblance with a mouse click along a continuous scale. We manipulated AoA by testing deaf native and non-native signers, and hearing L2 signers and sign-naïve participants. Consistent with previous research, judgments by the native and L2 signers reflected similarity based on shared phonological features between signs. By contrast, judgments by t

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Cordes, Anne K., and Roger J. Ingham. "Time-Interval Measurement of Stuttering: Establishing and Modifying Judgment Accuracy." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 39, no. 2 (1996): 298–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3902.298.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether accuracy training for interval judgments of stuttering might generalize to increased accuracy and/or interjudge agreement for intervals other than those used during training. Ten upper-division speech-language pathology students judged 5-s audiovisually recorded speech intervals as stuttered or nonstuttered in a series of group and single-subject experiments. Judgment accuracy was determined with respect to judgments provided previously by 10 recognized authorities on stuttering and its treatment. Training occurred within single-subject experi

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HOFMEISTER, PHILIP, LAURA STAUM CASASANTO, and IVAN A. SAG. "Processing effects in linguistic judgment data: (super-)additivity and reading span scores." Language and Cognition 6, no. 1 (2014): 111–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2013.7.

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abstractLinguistic acceptability judgments are widely agreed to reflect constraints on real-time language processing. Nonetheless, very little is known about how processing costs affect acceptability judgments. In this paper, we explore how processing limitations are manifested in acceptability judgment data. In a series of experiments, we consider how two factors relate to judgments for sentences with varying degrees of complexity: (1) the way constraints combine (i.e., additively or super-additively), and (2) the way a comprehender’s memory resources influence acceptability judgments. Result

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Leivada, Evelina. "Language Processing at Its Trickiest: Grammatical Illusions and Heuristics of Judgment." Languages 5, no. 3 (2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages5030029.

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Humans are intuitively good at providing judgments about what forms part of their native language and what does not. Although such judgments are robust, consistent, and reliable, human cognition is demonstrably fallible to illusions of various types. Language is no exception. In the linguistic domain, several types of sentences have been shown to trick the parser into giving them a high acceptability judgment despite their ill-formedness. One example is the so-called comparative illusion (‘More people have been to Tromsø than I have’). To this day, comparative illusions have been tested mainly

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David, Maya Khemlani, Neda Saeipoor, and Mumtaz Ali. "RAPE CASES: GENRE AND RHETORICAL ANALYSIS OF CONTROVERSIAL MALAYSIAN LEGAL JUDGEMENTS." English Review: Journal of English Education 5, no. 1 (2016): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v5i1.389.

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Kachru and Smith (2008) emphasize that effectual communication in the context in which different varieties of world English are used, entails awareness of the varieties in use and their cultural, social, and ideational functions. Court reports by Malaysian Judges are part of legal documents, which may be considered as a genre. Investigating the linguistic details of these reports may be helpful in understanding the argumentative and persuasive strategies used in these judgments. The issue of rape and justice is an important concern in society. The aim of this study is to investigate Malaysian

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Lu, Nan, and Chuanyou Yuan. "Legal reasoning: a textual perspective on common law judicial opinions and Chinese judgments." Text & Talk 41, no. 1 (2021): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text-2020-2084.

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Abstract The issue of legal reasoning has been addressed widely in legal academia and practice, but rarely considered by linguists. This paper, employing the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) genre perspective and the discourse semantics system as its conceptual framework, attempts to reveal the different ways of legal reasoning of common law judicial opinions and Chinese judgments from a textual perspective. One judicial opinion of a British case and one judgment of a Chinese case are explored for comparison. The findings suggest that Chinese judgments as a legal genre, compared with its

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Wulfeck, Beverly B. "Grammaticality Judgments and Sentence Comprehension in Agrammatic Aphasia." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 31, no. 1 (1988): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3101.72.

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The relationship between sentence comprehension and grammaticality judgment was examined for both neurologically intact and agrammatic aphasic subjects. Aphasic subjects were able to make grammaticality judgments and comprehension judgments, but were less accurate than healthy control subjects. However, the tasks appeared dissociated for the aphasic subjects: Both the effects of semantic cues and the hierarchy of difficulty of sentence types differed across the two tasks. Further, the findings suggest that not all aspects of morpho-syntactic processing may be equally disrupted in aphasia. The

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Ji, Yinglin, and Jill Hohenstein. "English and Chinese children’s motion event similarity judgments." Cognitive Linguistics 29, no. 1 (2018): 45–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2016-0151.

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AbstractThis study explores the relationship between language and thought in similarity judgments by testing how monolingual children who speak languages with partial typological differences in motion description (English and Chinese) respond to visual motion event stimuli. Participants were either Chinese- or English-speaking, 3-year-olds, 8-year-olds and adults (32 in each group) who judged the similarity between caused motion scenes in a match-to-sample task. The results suggest, first of all, that the two younger groups of 3-year-olds are predominantly path-oriented, irrespective of langua

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Rice, Mabel L., Kenneth Wexler, and Sean M. Redmond. "Grammaticality Judgments of an Extended Optional Infinitive Grammar." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 42, no. 4 (1999): 943–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4204.943.

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This study reports on the outcomes of an investigation designed to evaluate competing accounts of the nature of the grammatical limitations of children with specific language impairment (SLI) with a new comprehension measure involving well-formedness judgments. It is a follow-up to the longitudinal study of Rice, Wexler, and Hershberger (1998), which reported on the production of grammatical morphemes by young children with SLI and 2 control groups of children, one at equivalent levels of mean length of utterance at the outset of the study, the other of equivalent age. In this investigation, w

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Rungrojsuwan, Sorabud. "Encoding Accuracy in Thai Court Judgments." MANUSYA 18, no. 3 (2015): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-01803005.

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Accuracy is an issue that points to the reliability of language used in legal circles. The objective of the present study is to investigate linguistic devices denoting accuracy in Thai legal discourse. Data was gathered from judgments in three Thai courts: the Supreme Court, the Supreme Administrative Court and the Constitutional Court. Findings from Thai legal language were also compared to those from three registers: academic, media and political. The results show that Thai legal language employs two major linguistic devices in order to express accuracy: mention of the sources of evidence an

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Pishghadam, Reza, and Hannaneh Abbasnejad. "Judgments under emotioncy’s influence." Cognitive Linguistic Studies 4, no. 2 (2017): 293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cogls.00006.pis.

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Abstract Following a number of studies on discovering the controlling dormant forces in linguistic biases, this study attempts to introduce the concept of emotioncy as a driving force in explicating the causes of prejudice manifested through biases in speech. To this end, two scales for measuring individuals’ bias and their emotioncy levels were devised and validated through Rasch measurement. A total number of 341 participants were asked to take the scales. Afterward, structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to investigate the probable relationships between sub-constructs of the scales

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Johnston, Judith R., and Linda B. Smith. "Dimensional Thinking in Language Impaired Children." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 32, no. 1 (1989): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3201.33.

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This study investigated the dimensional knowledge evidenced by language impaired (LI) preschoolers. Ten LI and 10 language normal (LN) children, aged 3:6 to 5:9, were asked to solve verbal and nonverbal problems requiring color and size judgments. There were no group differences on the verbal task, but the LI children performed less well than the LN children on the nonverbal task. Much of this difference stemmed from their difficulty with size items. The ordinal nature of the size dimension implies greater cognitive processing demands than are inherent in nominal dimensions such as color. Give

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Speed, Laura J., Wessel O. van Dam, Priyantha Hirath, Gabriella Vigliocco, and Rutvik H. Desai. "Impaired Comprehension of Speed Verbs in Parkinson’s Disease." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 23, no. 5 (2017): 412–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617717000248.

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AbstractObjectives:A wealth of studies provide evidence for action simulation during language comprehension. Recent research suggests such action simulations might be sensitive to fine-grained information, such as speed. Here, we present a crucial test for action simulation of speed in language by assessing speed comprehension in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Based on the patients’ motor deficits, we hypothesized that the speed of motion described in language would modulate their performance in semantic tasks. Specifically, they would have more difficulty processing language about re

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Perek, Florent, and Martin Hilpert. "Constructional tolerance." Reflections on Constructions across Grammars 6, no. 2 (2014): 266–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.6.2.06per.

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The present paper investigates the question whether different languages can be categorized into ‘constructionally tolerant’ languages, which grant speakers considerable freedom to combine syntactic constructions with lexical items in non-conventional ways, and ‘valency-driven’ languages, which impose stronger restrictions on the way in which constructions and lexical items can be combined. The idea of such a typological distinction is sketched for instance by Rostila (2014). In order to explore possible effects of constructional tolerance, a grammaticality judgment task is administered to spea

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GALIT NAHARI, JOSEPH GLICKSOHN, and ISRAEL NACHSON. "Credibility judgments of narratives: Language, plausibility, and absorption." American Journal of Psychology 123, no. 3 (2010): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.123.3.0319.

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Muda, Rafał, Alexander C. Walker, Damian Pieńkosz, Jonathan A. Fugelsang, and Michał Białek. "Foreign Language does not Affect Gambling-Related Judgments." Journal of Gambling Studies 36, no. 2 (2020): 633–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10899-020-09933-6.

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Highnam, Cliff, and Valerie Morris. "Linguistic stress judgments of language learning disabled students." Journal of Communication Disorders 20, no. 2 (1987): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9924(87)90001-3.

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Ločmele, Laimdota. "Eiropas Savienības Tiesas spriedumu teksta interpretācija un analīze." Vārds un tā pētīšanas aspekti: rakstu krājums = The Word: Aspects of Research: conference proceedings, no. 24 (December 2, 2020): 368–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/vtpa.2020.24.368.

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The aim of the work is to analyse the texts of the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), to study the influence of the language form on the interpretation of the content of these texts. The Court must ensure the uniform interpretation and application of European Union (EU) law in all Member States and all the official EU languages through translations from one language to another, thus affecting the form and content of judgments and making them difficult to read. This study uses discourse analysis to examine the narrative form of judgments – their syntactic and semanti

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Alrajeh, Dalal, Hana Chockler, and Joseph Y. Halpern. "Combining experts' causal judgments." Artificial Intelligence 288 (November 2020): 103355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2020.103355.

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Greidanus, Tine, and Elisabeth van der Linden. "Relaxions Between fl Grammaticality Judgments and fl Production." ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics 73 (January 1, 1986): 51–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/itl.73.03gre.

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Teacher training institutes in the Netherlands submit to their students tests of grammaticality judgments concerning FL sentences, in order to prepare them for their future task. Comparison of the results of these tests with results of FL production tests of the same students suggested that the former task was more difficult than the latter. The purposes of this study were to examine two questions : (1) Is production of FL grammatical structures different from, that is, more difficult than giving a judgment of grammatical acceptability concerning the same structures? (2) How do students procee

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