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Journal articles on the topic 'Language of a Building'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

FISHER, DAVID, and OLIN SHIVERS. "Building language towers with Ziggurat." Journal of Functional Programming 18, no. 5-6 (2008): 707–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796808006928.

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AbstractZiggurat is a meta-language system that permits programmers to develop Scheme-like macros for languages with nontrivial static semantics, such as C or Java (suitably encoded in an S-expression concrete syntax). Ziggurat permits language designers to construct ‘towers’ of language levels with macros; each level in the tower may have its own static semantics, such as type systems or flow analyses. Crucially, the static semantics of the languages at two adjacent levels in the tower can be connected, allowing improved reasoning power at a higher level to be reflected down to the static sem

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Jain, Anjali, Soma A. Mishra, and Sejal Selwadiya. "LANGUAGE OF A BUILDING." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 10 (2018): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i10.2018.1171.

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The research aims at understanding the language of a building, the overall expression it creates by its basic elements like line, plane and form. On altering these elements the principles of designing like form, symmetry, balance, proportion etc gets altered resulting in the change in the expression of a building. The study comprises of the characteristics and emotional effect created by different basic geometrical forms and how these forms change the aesthetics of the building. It also aims at understanding the language through self-analysis of few buildings. Architecture is supposed to be so

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Anjali, Jain, Soma A. Mishra Ar., and Selwadiya Sejal. "LANGUAGE OF A BUILDING." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 6, no. 10 (2018): 139–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1476664.

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The research aims at understanding the language of a building, the overall expression it creates by its basic elements like line, plane and form. On altering these elements the principles of designing like form, symmetry, balance, proportion etc gets altered resulting in the change in the expression of a building. The study comprises of the characteristics and emotional effect created by different basic geometrical forms and how these forms change the aesthetics of the building. It also aims at understanding the language through self-analysis of few buildings. Architecture is supposed to be so

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Rasche, Peter, Sabine Theis, Christina Bröhl, Matthias Wille, Christopher M. Schlick, and Alexander Mertens. "Building and Exchanging Competence Interdisciplinarily." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care 5, no. 1 (2016): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2327857916051002.

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Design pattern languages are already used extensively in architecture and computer science. In 2009 we first proposed the idea of a design pattern language for the health sector and in particular the Ambient Assisted Living sector. Based on the first language, we now present a new design pattern language focusing on “mobile information and communication technology for elderly”. Addressing the increasing importance of healthcare ICT, especially for older users, the next logical step was to build upon the experience from the development of a language for “ambient assisted living”. The pattern la

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Berger, Janine. "Building Character." Colloquia, Academic Journal of Culture and Thought 6 (December 3, 2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31207/colloquia.v6i0.80.

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This project is an attempt to design a method of teaching English as a foreign language to Ecuadorian university students by applying Gee's theory of "situated learning”. The researcher posed the following problem:  How can global empathy be incorporated into the EFL classroom so as to increase students’ intrinsic motivation to learn the language and help them to learn it better? and suggested the following answer: Through a role-playing game in which students create avatars with specific, realistic characteristics including nationality, religion, socio-economic status and ge

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Chen, Wenjie, Qiliang Yang, Shuo Zhao, Jianchun Xing, and Qizhen Zhou. "A Graphical Programming Language and Its Supporting Tool for Insect Intelligent Building." Scientific Programming 2020 (November 12, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9634389.

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The emerging Insect Intelligent Building (I2B) platform is pioneering a new realm in intelligent buildings. I2B has a distributed and decentralized network structure with intelligent nodes, and the key enabler is an application (APP) that functions to process information from intelligent nodes and accomplish complex control tasks in a decentralized network. To develop APPs for I2B, a proper programming language is the foremost goal; however, existing programming languages cannot be applied directly due to I2B's unique structure and distinction of application domains. This paper aims to provide

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Herold, Ken. "Editorial: Universal Building Language." Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering 11, no. 1 (1997): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0887-3801(1997)11:1(1).

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Keijzer, Merel, and Monika S. Schmid. "Building Language Attrition Research." Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen 74 (January 1, 2005): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.74.19kei.

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This article examines the foundations of language attrition research. As such, it argues that all attrition research should essentially build on four pillars: international contacts, theoretical perspectives, methodological perspectives and social relevance. The four pillars are discussed individually in relation to past research, but also with regard to current attempts to strengthen these four modules. It is argued that only further efforts on all these four fronts can achieve a cohesive research field and can lead to insights into the actual processes underlying attrition.

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Lieven, Elena. "Building Language Competence in First Language Acquisition." European Review 16, no. 4 (2008): 445–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798708000380.

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Most accounts of child language acquisition use as analytic tools adult-like syntactic categories and grammars with little concern for whether they are psychologically real for young children. However, when approached from a cognitive and functional theoretical perspective, recent research has demonstrated that children do not operate initially with such abstract linguistic entities, but instead on the basis of distributional learning and item-based, form-meaning constructions. Children construct more abstract, linguistic representations only gradually on the basis of the language they hear an

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Gupta, Shreyansh, Abhishek Unnam, Kuldeep Yadav, and Varun Aggarwal. "Towards Building a Language-Independent Speech Scoring Assessment." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no. 21 (2024): 23200–23206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i21.30366.

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Automatic speech scoring is crucial in language learning, providing targeted feedback to language learners by assessing pronunciation, fluency, and other speech qualities. However, the scarcity of human-labeled data for languages beyond English poses a significant challenge in developing such systems. In this work, we propose a Language-Independent scoring approach to evaluate speech without relying on labeled data in the target language. We introduce a multilingual speech scoring system that leverages representations from the wav2vec 2.0 XLSR model and a force-alignment technique based on CTC

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Alatrish, Emhimed, Dusan Tosic, and Nikola Milenkovic. "Building ontologies for different natural languages." Computer Science and Information Systems 11, no. 2 (2014): 623–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis130429023a.

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Ontology construction of a certain domain is an important step in applying the Semantic web. A number of software tools adapted for building domain ontologies of most wide-spread natural languages are available, but accomplishing that for any given natural language presents a challenge. Here we propose a semi-automatic procedure to create ontologies for different natural languages. Our approach utilizes various software tools available on the Internet most notably DODDLE-OWL - a domain ontology development tool implemented for English and Japanese languages. By using this tool, WordNet, Prot?g

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Bachate, Ravindra Parshuram, and Ashok Sharma. "Acquaintance with Natural Language Processing for Building Smart Society." E3S Web of Conferences 170 (2020): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017002006.

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Natural Language Processing (NLP) deals with the spoken languages by using computer and Artificial Intelligence. As people from different regional areas using different digital platforms and expressing their views in their spoken language, it is now must to focus on working spoken languages in India to make our society smart and digital. NLP research grown tremendously in last decade which results in Siri, Google Assistant, Alexa, Cortona and many more automatic speech recognitions and understanding systems (ASR). Natural Language Processing can be understood by classifying it into Natural Lan

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Sousa, Hugo, Satya Almasian, Ricardo Campos, and Alipio Jorge. "Tradutor: Building a Variety Specific Translation Model." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 39, no. 24 (2025): 25183–91. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i24.34704.

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Language models have become foundational to many widely used systems. However, these seemingly advantageous models are double-edged swords. While they excel in tasks related to resource-rich languages like English, they often lose the fine nuances of language forms, dialects, and varieties that are inherent to languages spoken in multiple regions of the world. Languages like European Portuguese are neglected in favor of their more popular counterpart, Brazilian Portuguese, leading to suboptimal performance in various linguistic tasks. To address this gap, we introduce the first open-source tra

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Yan, Li. "Minorities’ Heritage Language Planning and National Multilingual Capacity Building." International Journal of English Linguistics 8, no. 4 (2018): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v8n4p208.

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As an important part of a nation’s soft power, national multilingual capacity refers to a nation’s ability to use a variety of languages acquired in dealing with domestic and international affairs in the development of a nation. The nation-security-oriented language planning in the post-9/11 America is closely related with the teaching, using and developing of the minorities’ heritage languages, which has to some extent facilitated the America’s national multilingual capacity. Taking National Security Language Initiative proposed by the American federal government as an example, this paper sug

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Sunitha, K. V. N., and A. Sharada. "BUILDING LEXICON FOR TELUGU SPEECH RECOGNITION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 1 (2006): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v5i1.4381.

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Speech recognizers usually consist of a language model, a lexicon and a collection of phone models. The lexicon for a language is important to improve the efficacy of speech recognizer for a language. Traditionally building a lexicon for a language was a significant piece of work taking several expert linguists perhaps several years to construct a lexicon with reasonable coverage. However we include a method here that can cut this time significantly. The basic idea is add the most common words to a lexicon where explicitly the user of the system gives the new word, then automatically build let

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16

IV, William T. Farrar, and Morton Gernsbacher. "Language Comprehension as Structure Building." American Journal of Psychology 107, no. 2 (1994): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1423042.

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17

Haberlandt, Karl. "Language Comprehension as Structure Building." Language and Speech 34, no. 1 (1991): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002383099103400106.

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18

Horacek, Helmut. "Building Natural Language Generation Systems." Artificial Intelligence in Medicine 22, no. 3 (2001): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0933-3657(00)00114-7.

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19

Giora, Rachel. "Language comprehension as structure building." Journal of Pragmatics 26, no. 3 (1996): 417–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(95)00071-2.

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20

Johnson, Nuala C. "Nation-building, language and education." Political Geography 11, no. 2 (1992): 170–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0962-6298(92)90047-w.

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21

Etzioni, Amitai. "A Global, Community Building Language?" International Studies Perspectives 9, no. 2 (2008): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-3585.2008.00322.x.

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22

Mati, Diellza Nagavci, Mentor Hamiti, Arsim Susuri, Besnik Selimi, and Jaumin Ajdari. "Building Dictionaries for Low Resource Languages: Challenges of Unsupervised Learning." Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing 5, no. 3 (2021): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33166/aetic.2021.03.005.

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The development of natural language processing resources for Albanian has grown steadily in recent years. This paper presents research conducted on unsupervised learning-the challenges associated with building a dictionary for the Albanian language and creating part-of-speech tagging models. The majority of languages have their own dictionary, but languages with low resources suffer from a lack of resources. It facilitates the sharing of information and services for users and whole communities through natural language processing. The experimentation corpora for the Albanian language includes 2

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23

Haspelmath, Martin. "Human linguisticality and the building blocks of languages." Frontiers in Psychology 10, no. 3056 (2020): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03056.

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This paper discusses the widely held idea that the building blocks of languages (features, categories, and architectures) are part of an innate blueprint for Human Language, and notes that if one allows for convergent cultural evolution of grammatical structures, then much of the motivation for it disappears. I start by observing that human linguisticality (=the biological capacity for language) is uncontroversial, and that confusing terminology (“language faculty,” “universal grammar”) has often clouded the substantive issues in the past. I argue that like musicality a

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Zaneta, Janice, Tri Wibowo Caesariadi, and Hamdil Khaliesh. "PUSAT PELATIHAN BAHASA UNIVERSITAS TANJUNGPURA." JMARS: Jurnal Mosaik Arsitektur 9, no. 2 (2021): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jmars.v9i2.48666.

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Mastery of foreign languages is an important skill to compete in the international world in the future. The Language Unit of Universitas Tanjungpura also supports the mastery of foreign languages and has a vision and mission to become a center for international language education and services in West Kalimantan. With the development of Universitas Tanjungpura, Universitas Tanjungpura currently has BLU status, so educational facilities need to provide commercial areas to fulfill this BLU status. Therefore, an Universitas Tanjungpura Language Training Center is needed that can support foreign la

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Tune, Kula Kekeba, and Vasudeva Varma. "Building CLIA for Resource-Scarce African Languages." International Journal of Information Retrieval Research 5, no. 1 (2015): 48–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijirr.2015010104.

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Since most of the existing major search engines and commercial Information Retrieval (IR) systems are primarily designed for well-resourced European and Asian languages, they have paid little attention to the development of Cross-Language Information Access (CLIA) technologies for resource-scarce African languages. This paper presents the authors' experience in building CLIA for indigenous African languages, with a special focus on the development and evaluation of Oromo-English-CLIR. The authors have adopted a knowledge-based query translation approach to design and implement their initial Or

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Bakopoulou, Ioanna. "Building oral skill." Early Years Educator 24, no. 9 (2024): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2024.24.9.40a.

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Xia, Fei, Carrie Lewis, and William Lewis. "Language ID for a Thousand Languages." LSA Annual Meeting Extended Abstracts 1 (May 2, 2010): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/exabs.v0i0.504.

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ODIN, the Online Database of INterlinear text, is a resource built over language data harvested from linguistic documents (Lewis, 2006). It currently holds approximately 190,000 instances of Interlinear Glossed Text (IGT) from over 1100 languages, automatically extracted from nearly 3000 documents crawled from the Web. A crucial step in building ODIN is identifying the languages of extracted IGT, a challenging task due to the large number of languages and the lack of training data. We demonstrate that a coreference approach to the language ID task significantly outperforms existing algorithms

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Njui, Martha Mbu, and Théodore Bebey. "Building Topics in Guiziga: A Cartographic Perspective." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 3 (2021): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1103.01.

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This article attempts to provide a description of topic constructions in the Guiziga language within the cartographic framework. Data for this work were collected using both the primary and secondary source. The analyses reveal that this language does not select topicalizers as it is the case in other Chadic languages (Bebey 2015 and 2018). It also demonstrates that the topicalized constituents undergo an upward movement to land in the Spec,Top, while it leaves an empty trace in the original position. The language tolerates multiple Topic Phrases (TopP) in the sentence left periphery. Also, it

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Némethová, Ildikó. "Building Intercultural Competence through Language Education." Economica 7, no. 4 (2020): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47282/economica/2014/7/4/4420.

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This paper seeks to highlight the importance of intercultural competence in language learning and teaching. All intercultural encounters incorporate communication between individuals who, rather than belonging to only one culture, belong to a diverse array of different cultures at the same time. They share some of these cultures with the people they are talking to, and some of them they do not. And some of these cultural variations and affinities will influence the way they communicate, and some of them will be totally insignificant.

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Wilson, Nicole L., and Michael Tomasello. "Building Language from the Ground Up." American Journal of Psychology 119, no. 1 (2006): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20445323.

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Bishir, Catherine W. "Good and Sufficient Language for Building." Perspectives in Vernacular Architecture 4 (1991): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3514220.

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Némethová, Ildikó. "Building Intercultural Competence through Language Education." Economica 7, no. 4 (2020): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47282/economica/2014/7/4/4420.

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This paper seeks to highlight the importance of intercultural competence in language learning and teaching. All intercultural encounters incorporate communication between individuals who, rather than belonging to only one culture, belong to a diverse array of different cultures at the same time. They share some of these cultures with the people they are talking to, and some of them they do not. And some of these cultural variations and affinities will influence the way they communicate, and some of them will be totally insignificant.

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Tkach, John R. "Bytes for Brights: Building Language Skills." G/C/T 8, no. 5 (1985): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107621758500800508.

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34

Lasimbang, Rita, and Trixie Kinajil. "Building Terminology in the Kadazandusun Language." Current Issues in Language Planning 5, no. 2 (2004): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500408668253.

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Porcaro, Jennifer J., and Karen Gudeman Johnson. "Building a Whole-Language Writing Program." Kappa Delta Pi Record 39, no. 2 (2003): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00228958.2003.10518368.

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REITER, EHUD, and ROBERT DALE. "Building applied natural language generation systems." Natural Language Engineering 3, no. 1 (1997): 57–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324997001502.

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37

Covington, Michael A. "Building Natural Language Generation Systems (review)." Language 77, no. 3 (2001): 611–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.2001.0146.

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Nelson, Sara, and Patti Allen. "Methods and Strategies: Building Science Language." Science and Children 58, no. 2 (2020): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00368148.2020.12315810.

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Mickus, Francis. "CULTURE, LANGUAGE AND BUILDING A SOCIETY." Roczniki Administracji i Prawa Specjalny, no. XXIII (2023): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.3285.

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A culture is by definition a network of shared references that give shape and meaning to a given social group. Without a culture, a group as such does not exist. This definition may seem easy to grasp, but its application is more complex than one would expect. For at the heart of cultural inclusion is language itself. The inclusiveness of language is a central concern in Shakespeare’s King Henry V. With the growth of modern print culture access to cultural inclusion was linked to the access to a print language. In France, cultural inclusion was established at the expense of internal regional,

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Lazareva, I. N., and Irdianto Windra. "BUILDING ON LANGUAGE AND DIGITAL PROFICIENCY: SMART RECOMMENDER SYSTEM PROJECT." European Journal of Natural History, no. 4 2022 (2022): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/ejnh.34282.

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Akbarov, Azamat. "LANGUAGE POLICY AND LANGUAGE REFORMS IN STATE AND NATION BUILDING." Journal of Linguistic and Intercultural Education 11, no. 2 (2018): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.29302/jolie.2018.11.2.1.

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Navaneethakrishnan, Subalalitha Chinnaudayar, and Ranjani Parthasarathi. "Building a Language-Independent Discourse Parser using Universal Networking Language." Computational Intelligence 31, no. 4 (2014): 593–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/coin.12037.

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Gómez, Isabel. "BUILDING LANGUAGE JUSTICE: TRANSLATION PEDAGOGY AND SPANISH HERITAGE LANGUAGE LEARNERS." Translation Review 106, no. 1 (2020): 50–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07374836.2019.1688743.

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Aselderova, Rumaniyat Omarovna. "Historical Memory of Derivational and Form-building Affixes of Dagestanian Languages." Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 19, no. 2 (2022): 286–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-2-286-296.

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The article deals with the role of scientific etymology in restoring the origin of the word. The historical patterns, nature, and nature of the changes, development, and improvement of the language are analyzed. Attention is paid to the process of restoring historical memory as a powerful tool of knowledge. The article deals with the etymological semantics of the formants of the case system, the genesis of the ergative system, the historical memory of the class indicators of Avar language in correlation with the materials of other Dagestan languages. The paper examines the inner essence of lan

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Kim, Hayan, Jin-Kook Lee, Jaeyoung Shin, and Jungsik Choi. "Visual language approach to representing KBimCode-based Korea building code sentences for automated rule checking." Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 6, no. 2 (2018): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcde.2018.08.002.

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Abstract The Building Information Modeling (BIM) and its applications enable an automatic building permit process based on 3D building models and their associated information. A crucial part of the building permit process is the interpretation and transformation of natural language-based building regulation into a computer-readable and executable format. As other countries and their projects have developed a certain type of rule-translation methods, KBimCode, part of the KBim application series, has been developed and supported by the Korean government to ignite an automatic, BIM-based buildin

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Hodge, Gabrielle, Kazuki Sekine, Adam Schembri, and Trevor Johnston. "Comparing signers and speakers: building a directly comparable corpus of Auslan and Australian English." Corpora 14, no. 1 (2019): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2019.0161.

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The Auslan and Australian English archive and corpus is the first bilingual, multi-modal documentation of a deaf signed language (Auslan, the language of the Australian deaf community) and its ambient spoken language (Australian English). It aims to facilitate the direct comparison of face-to-face, multi-modal talk produced by deaf signers and hearing speakers from the same city. Here, we describe the documentation of the bilingual, multi-modal archive and outline its development pathway into a directly comparable corpus of a signed language and spoken language. We differentiate it from existi

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Javed, Tahir, Sumanth Doddapaneni, Abhigyan Raman, et al. "Towards Building ASR Systems for the Next Billion Users." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 10 (2022): 10813–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i10.21327.

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Recent methods in speech and language technology pretrain very large models which are fine-tuned for specific tasks. However, the benefits of such large models are often limited to a few resource rich languages of the world. In this work, we make multiple contributions towards building ASR systems for low resource languages from the Indian subcontinent. First, we curate 17,000 hours of raw speech data for 40 Indian languages from a wide variety of domains including education, news, technology, and finance. Second, using this raw speech data we pretrain several variants of wav2vec style models

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48

Faiz, Asma. "Building language, building province: Civil society and ethnic nationalism in Pakistan." Journal of Civil Society 17, no. 1 (2021): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17448689.2021.1886764.

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Hladká, Barbora, Jirka Hana, and Ivana Lukšová. "Crowdsourcing in Language Classes Can Help Natural Language Processing." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Human Computation and Crowdsourcing 2 (September 5, 2014): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/hcomp.v2i1.13139.

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One way of teaching grammar, namely morphology and syntax, is to visualize sentences as diagrams capturing relationships between words. Similarly, such relationships are captured in a more complex way in treebanks serving as key building stones in modern natural language processing. However, building them is very time consuming, thus we have been seeking for an alternative cheaper and faster way, like crowdsourcing. The purpose of our work is to explore possibility to get sentence diagrams produced by students and teachers. In our pilot study, the object language is Czech, where sentence diagr

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Evans, R. J. W. "Language and State Building: The Case of the Habsburg Monarchy." Austrian History Yearbook 35 (January 2004): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237800020920.

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Robert Kann in his Day famously asked large questions about nationality, revitalizing and imbuing with new academic rigor an already classic debate on ethnic sins of omission and commission in Central Europe. Language was, of course, always recognized as somehow intrinsic to this discussion; and it has exercised a fascination, whether lasting or just casual, for many with interest in the region. The Habsburg lands are renowned as the locus classicus of a polity whose ethnicities were notably marked by language. Moreover, they encompassed a large number (eleven in all, though it is a trope too

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