Journal articles: 'Language planning – Zimbabwe – Case studies'

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Makoni, Sinfree, Busi Makoni, and Nicholus Nyika. "Language Planning From Below: The Case of the Tonga in Zimbabwe." Current Issues in Language Planning 9, no. 4 (November 2008): 413–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14664200802354419.

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Reagan, T. G. "‘Language ideology’ in the language planning process: Two African case studies." South African Journal of African Languages 6, no. 2 (January 1986): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.1986.10586658.

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Magidimisha, Hangwelani Hope, and Lovemore Chipungu. "Unconventional housing provision: reflections on health aspects: a case study of Zimbabwe." Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 26, no. 4 (July 1, 2011): 469–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10901-011-9234-9.

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Musandu-Nyamayaro, Oscar. "The case for modernization of local planning authority frameworks in Southern and Eastern Africa: A radical initiative for Zimbabwe." Habitat International 32, no. 1 (March 2008): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2007.06.004.

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Marriott, Helen E. "Language planning and language management for tourism shopping situations." Language Planning and Language Policy in Australia 8 (January 1, 1991): 191–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.8.10mar.

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This paper analyzes problems in language management in six case studies of tourism shopping situations involving Japanese tourists. It utilizes a language planning and language management framework and argues that language planning can only proceed after actual problems in discourse are identified. The examination of server and customer discourse in native Japanese situations or contact situations which are either Japanese-based or English-based reveals that problems occur in all three types of communicative situations and that they characterize not only the discourse of the tourist but also the server’s side. These problems are analyzed in terms of deviations and are categorized according to their nature as propositional, presentational or performance deviations. The findings from these case studies are then examined in relation to the language planning activities of corporate agencies, the government and industry associations in relation to tourism and some recommendations pertinent to language planning are offered.

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Keränen, Mari. "Language maintenance through corpus planning – the case of Kven." Acta Borealia 35, no. 2 (July 3, 2018): 176–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2018.1536187.

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Mvundura, Emmaculate, and Paul Svongoro. "The significance of tasks in second language learning: The case of Africa University in Zimbabwe." Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education 1, no. 4 (August 25, 2021): 297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v1i4.779.

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Abstract Purpose: This study utilised the case study approach for an in-depth understanding of the practices of teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) at Africa University (AU), Zimbabwe. The study aimed to provide a description of unique and typical ESL experiences in a particular African context. Research Methodology: The study investigated 60 participants who were prospective undergraduate students enrolled in the ESL programme and were separated into two groups. Each group consisted of 30 participants who received task-based instruction hinged on reading, writing, listening, and speaking. Result: An analysis of the learners' performance revealed that tasks facilitate the learning of ESL by exposing learners to different problem-solving scenarios that required higher-order cognitive skills. Limitations: This study was based on the ESL classroom at AU, which enrols students from African countries. A similar study could be conducted with students from more diverse backgrounds to establish if the results of this study could be corroborated or refuted. Similar studies could also be conducted in other second language contexts where English is not the target language. Contribution: The results of this study are important for the discipline of ESL as they support existing knowledge that tasks allow learners to communicate using the correct grammatical structures in a given relevant context.

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Muchena, M., J. Piesse, C. Thirtle, and R. F. Townsend. "HERD SIZE AND EFFICIENCY ON MIXED CROP AND LIVESTOCK FARMS: CASE STUDIES OF CHIWESHE AND GOKWE, ZIMBABWE." Agrekon 36, no. 1 (March 1997): 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03031853.1997.9523451.

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Russell, Joan. "Success as a source of conflict in language‐planning: The Tanzanian case." Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 11, no. 5 (January 1990): 363–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01434632.1990.9994423.

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Costa Silva, Guilherme, Frederico G. F. Coelho, Adriano C. Lisboa, Douglas A. G. Vieira, and Rodney R. Saldanha. "Application of meta-heuristic methods to generation expansion planning: advanced formulations and case studies." Artificial Intelligence Review 53, no. 7 (February 7, 2020): 4737–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10462-020-09806-9.

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Ramisetty, Alivelu, and Muthoni Muriu. "‘When does the end begin?’ Addressing gender-based violence in post-conflict societies: case studies from Zimbabwe and El Salvador." Gender & Development 21, no. 3 (November 2013): 489–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13552074.2013.846642.

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Ljosland, Ragnhild. "Language planning confronted by everyday communication in the international university: the Norwegian case." Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 35, no. 4 (February 19, 2014): 392–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2013.874436.

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Russo, Cos, and Richard B. Baldauf. "Language development without planning: A case study of tribal aborigines in the northern territory, Australia." Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 7, no. 4 (January 1986): 301–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01434632.1986.9994246.

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Coluzzi, Paolo. "Language planning for Italian regional languages (“dialects”)." Language Problems and Language Planning 32, no. 3 (December 12, 2008): 215–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.32.3.02col.

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In addition to twelve recognized minority languages (Law no. 482/1999), Italy features a number of non-recognized so-called “dialects” that is difficult to state, but which renowned linguists like Tullio De Mauro and Giulio Lepschy calculate as ranging between 12 and 15. These languages are still spoken (and sometimes written) by slightly less than half of the Italian population and are the first languages of a significant part of it. Some of them even have a history of (semi)official usage and feature large and interesting literary traditions. An introduction on the linguistic situation in Italy, the classification of its “dialects” and their state of endangerment, is followed by discussion of the present (scant) legislation and action being taken to protect the seven language varieties chosen as case studies: Piedmontese, Western Lombard/Milanese, Venetan, Ligurian/Genoese, Roman, Neapolitan and Sicilian. These language planning strategies are discussed particularly in terms of graphization (corpus planning), status and acquisition planning, even when, as in most cases, this “planning” may be uncoordinated and even unconscious. The article closes with a few general considerations and with some suggestions on how these initiatives could be improved.

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Cumming, Alister. "Teachers' Curriculum Planning and Accommodations of Innovation: Three Case Studies of Adult ESL Instruction." TESL Canada Journal 11, no. 1 (October 26, 1993): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v11i1.624.

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How do experienced ESL instructors plan and organize their teaching practices to make curriculum innovations? The present research sought answers to this question in three different educational contexts, attempting to document the curriculum concepts, pedagogical knowledge, and processes of instructional planning that eight teachers used to create novel courses for adult ESL learners. Findings describe (1) four modes of planning and twelve cycles of information-gathering in the ESL curriculum planning of one teacher, (2) verification of this framework among four additional teachers, as well as (3) an additional framework for documenting teachers' orientations to curriculum content in second language writing instruction, accounting for three teachers' processes of accommodating an instructional innovation into their usual teaching practices.

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Frost, Peter, Bruce Campbell, Martin (marty) Luckert, Manyewu Mutamba, Alois Mandondo, and Witness Kozanayi. "In Search of Improved Rural Livelihoods in Semi-Arid Regions through Local Management of Natural Resources: Lessons from Case Studies in Zimbabwe." World Development 35, no. 11 (November 2007): 1961–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2006.11.012.

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Mare, Admire. "New media, pirate radio and the creative appropriation of technology in Zimbabwe: case of Radio Voice of the People." Journal of African Cultural Studies 25, no. 1 (March 2013): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13696815.2012.749781.

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M. Hines, Erik, L. DiAnne Borders, Laura M. Gonzalez, José Villalba, and Alia Henderson. "Parental involvement in college planning." Journal for Multicultural Education 8, no. 4 (November 4, 2014): 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jme-06-2014-0025.

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Purpose – The purpose of this article was to describe Hossler and Gallagher’s (1987) college choice model and emphasize the predisposition phase of the model as the starting point for school counselors’ efforts to help African American parents foster their children’s college planning in the college choice process. Design/methodology/approach – The authors wrote this manuscript as a conceptual approach to helping school counselors work with African American parents in their children’s college planning process by including two case studies as examples. Findings – This is a conceptual article. Practical implications – School counselors should be culturally competent and aware of how African Americans rear their children to help them successfully navigate college planning. For example, school counselors can learn about and share information with families about colleges that have support programs assisting African American students toward college completion. Originality/value – This paper is important to the field of education as it contributes to the literature regarding how school counselors can assist students in becoming college and career ready by working with their parents using a college choice model.

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Lin, Sherry. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 8, No. 1." Higher Education Studies 8, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/hes.v8n1p72.

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Higher Education Studies wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.Higher Education Studies is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to hes@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 8, Number 1Abdelaziz Mohammed, Albaha University, Saudi ArabiaAlina Mag, University Lucian Blaga of Sibiu, RomaniaAntonina Lukenchuk, National Louis University, USAArbabisarjou Azizollah, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, IranAynur Yürekli, İzmir University of Economics, TurkeyCarmen P. Mombourquette, University of Lethbridge, CanadaDibakar Sarangi, Directorate of Teacher Education and State Council for Educational research and Training, IndiaGeraldine N. Hill, Elizabeth City State University, United StatesGregory S. Ching, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology, TaiwanHüseyin Serçe, Selçuk University, TurkeyJohn Cowan, Edinburgh Napier University, United KingdomLung-Tan Lu, Fo Guang University, Taiwan, TaiwanManjet Kaur Mehar Singh, Universiti Sains Malaysia, MalaysiaNayereh Shahmohammadi, Academic Staff in Organization for Educational Research and Planning, IranOsman Cekic, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, TurkeyPhilip Denton, Liverpool John Moores University, United KingdomQing Xie, Jiangnan University, ChinaSandhya Rao Mehta, Sultan Qaboos University, IndiaTeguh Budiharso, Center of Language and Culture Studies, IndonesiaTuija A. Turunen, University of Lapland, FinlandWhatmore Chikwature, Mutare Polytechnic, Zimbabwe

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Wright, Andrew J., E. C. M. Parsons, Naomi A. Rose, and Erin Witcomb-Vos. "Environmental Reviews and Case Studies: The Science-Policy Disconnect: Language Issues at the Science-Policy Boundary." Environmental Practice 15, no. 1 (March 2013): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1466046612000506.

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McCarty, Teresa L., Sheilah E. Nicholas, and Leisy T. Wyman. "Re-emplacing Place in the “Global Here and Now”—Critical Ethnographic Case Studies of Native American Language Planning and Policy." International Multilingual Research Journal 6, no. 1 (January 2012): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19313152.2012.639244.

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Stuart, Sheela, and Christopher Ritthaler. "Case Studies of Intermediate Steps/Between AAC Evaluations and Implementation." Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication 17, no. 4 (December 2008): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/aac17.4.150.

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Abstract This article presents two case studies of children with complex communication needs, including a diagnosis of autism. Although different in age and overall diagnoses, both children primarily used behaviors, gestures, and limited overall vocalizations for communication. In each case, some pictures and signing had been intermittently incorporated into their school programs with very little success. The school-based augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) teams had used the candidacy model and decided that, until the children made gains in cognition and behavior, they could not use any type of speech generating device. In each instance, the child's parent disagreed and requested a second AAC evaluation. The second opinion evaluating center incorporated Language Acquisition Though Motor Planning (LAMP) to utilize a speech generating device for participation in some motivating activities. Results were sufficiently positive to support trial use of this approach and private outpatient sessions were provided. The article includes a brief overview of the resulting journey: the give-and-take process between second opinion center, parents, and school to arrive at a form of successful communication for each child.

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Grabe, William. "Foreword." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 14 (March 1994): vii—xii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500002774.

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This volume of the Annual Review of Applied Linguistics returns to a topic first covered in Volume Two (1982). In the time-span between thematic volumes on Language Policy and Planning (LPP), major changes have evolved in the field and recent world events have led practitioners to rethink many issues and concerns related to language policy and planning. In the early 1980s, many LPP discussions centered around various national case studies of language policy and planning; indeed, the stress on policy, as separate from planning, was not often emphasized. The focus on non-national level planning was also not as common as the national-level focus.

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Erem, Ömer, and Selen Abbasoğlu Ermiyagil. "Adapted Design Language for Anatolian Vernacular Housing." Open House International 41, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2016-b0007.

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This paper aims to define an adapted contemporary design language for housing built next to vernacular residential buildings of Anatolian villages. The case has been selected from Balıkesir province in the North-western part of Anatolia within a corpus of 104 houses from selected 81 villages of the region. Originally, vernacular house plans consist of allocation of rooms around a hall: sofa. Each room is a core living space with everyday living needs for a family. House is formed with various spatial relations between sofa and rooms around it. This relation is the determinative feature in formation of vernacular language for each Anatolian house. The study has three phases: analysis, adaptation and generation. The first phase analyzes the elements of vernacular by decomposing its language into sub-parts. In the second phase, the inadequacies of existing vernacular structures were exposed with methods of observation and questionnaires applied on users and new demands for living have been adapted with vernacular existing language grammar rules. In the last phase within the framework of adapted language rules for Balıkesir vernacular, numerous novel design alternatives were generated. This study claims to sustain the existing socio-cultural spatial configuration by adapting newly built contemporary houses to actual vernacular architecture in the planning context.

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Scott, Catherine V. "Socialism and the ‘Soft State’ in Africa: an Analysis of Angola and Mozambique." Journal of Modern African Studies 26, no. 1 (March 1988): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00010302.

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The overthrow of Haile Selassie in Ethiopia in 1974, and the independence of Angola and Mozambique in 1975, as well as Zimbabwe in 1980, seem to have strengthened the case for classifying African régimes on the basis of their ideology.In a collection of mainly country-studies of socialism in sub-Saharan Africa edited by Carl Rosberg and Thomas Callaghy in 1978, various explanations were advanced about why the so-called ‘first wave’ of radicals failed to transform African societies successfully, and a common theme was the major rô played by ideology in differentiating ‘African’ from ‘scientific’ socialist régimes.1 In 1981 David and Marina Ottaway contrasted the ‘African socialism’ of Guinea, Zambia, and Tanzania with the ‘Afrocommunism’ of Angola, Mozambique, and Ethiopia, and contended that ideology was the best indicator of the clear differences that existed in both their institutions and policy choices.2 In 1982 Crawford Young placed African régimes in three ideological categories: ‘Populist socialist’, and ‘African capitalist’.3

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Mukute, Mutizwa, Kuda Mudokwani, Georgina McAllister, and Kefasi Nyikahadzoi. "Exploring the Potential of Developmental Work Research and Change Laboratory to Support Sustainability Transformations: A Case Study of Organic Agriculture in Zimbabwe." Mind, Culture, and Activity 25, no. 3 (May 10, 2018): 229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10749039.2018.1451542.

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Paulston, Christina Bratt. "Dennis Ager, Motivation in language planning and language policy. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters, 2001. Pp. vi, 210. Pb. $24.95; Kas Deprez & Theo du Plessis, eds., Multilingualism and government: Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, former Yugoslavia, South Africa. (Studies in language policy in South Africa.) Pretoria: Van Schaik, 2000. Pp. xii, 179." Language in Society 31, no. 5 (November 2002): 790–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404502255050.

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The two books under review, Motivation in language planning and language policy (MLPP) and Multilingualism and government (M&G), are both about language policy, at least at one level, and both are, or claim to be, based on case studies. That is the end of any similarity between them.

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Hoffman, Ralph E. "Verbal hallucinations and language production processes in schizophrenia." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9, no. 3 (September 1986): 503–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00046781.

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AbstractHow is it that many schizophrenics identify certain instances of verbal imagery as hallucinatory? Most investigators have assumed that alterations in sensory features of imagery explain this. This approach, however, has not yielded a definitive picture of the nature of verbal hallucinations. An alternative perspective suggests itself if one allows the possibility that the nonself quality of hallucinations is inferred on the basis of the experience of unintendedness that accompanies imagery production. Information-processing models of “intentional” cognitive processes call for abstract planning representations that are linked to goals and beliefs. Unintended actions - and imagery - can reflect planning disruptions whereby cognitive products do not cohere with concurrent goals. A model of schizophrenic speech disorganization is presented that postulates a disturbance of discourse planning. Insofar as verbal imagery can be viewed as inwardly directed speech, a consequence of such planning disturbances could be the production of unintended imagery. This link between the outward disorganization of schizophrenic speech and unintended verbal imagery is statistically supported by comparing the speech behavior of hallucinating and nonhallucinating schizophrenics. Studies of “borderline” hallucinations during normal, “goal-less” relaxation and drowsiness suggest that experiential unintendedness leads to a nonpathological variant of hallucinatory otherness that is correctable upon emerging from such passive cognitive states. This contrasts with the schizophrenic case, where nonconcordance with cognitive goals reinforces the unintendedness of verbal images and sustains the conviction of an external source. This model compares favorably with earlier models of verbal hallucinations and provides further evidence for a language production disorder in many schizophrenics.Short Abstract: How is it that many schizophrenics identify certain instances of verbal imagery as hallucinatory? This paper proposes that the critical feature identifying hallucinations is the experience of unintendedness. This experience is nonpathological during passive conscious states but pathological if occurring during goal-directed cognitive processing. A model of schizophrenic speech disorganization is presented that postulates a disturbance of discourse planning that specifies communicative intentions. These alterations could generate unintended verbal imagery as well. Statistical data are offered to support the model, and relevant empirical studies are reviewed.

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McAllister, Georgina, and Julia Wright. "Agroecology as a Practice-Based Tool for Peacebuilding in Fragile Environments? Three Stories from Rural Zimbabwe." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (February 2, 2019): 790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030790.

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This paper investigates how transformative agroecology may contribute to the critical reframing of social–ecological relationships, and how this might in turn create a foundation for bottom-up peace formation in fragile environments, within which rural communities are often habituated to conditions of control, violence and mistrust that drive social division. Here, we consider the value of social farming in reforging relationships through which social–ecological change may be negotiated and alternative sources of agency and identity may be cultivated in order to transcend entrenched patterns of division. Three case studies are presented, drawing on primary data from participatory action research with farming communities in Zimbabwe that also consider the differential attitudes and experiences of agroecological and conventional farmers. The study finds that, where agroecological farmers were exposed to more plural ways of thinking, being and acting together, levels of autonomy from coercive structures were increasing, as were both a sense of efficacy and optimism to effect social–ecological change. This was particularly pronounced where collective processes to shape physical landscapes were forging bonds of solidarity, reciprocity and trust. In these cases, agroecological farmers were increasingly able to envisage a future together shaped by collective endeavour, evidenced by changing attitudes and relationships with one another and their environment. The paper explores the extent to which farmers in each location were able to instrumentalise resilience and agency for everyday peace, and the variances found according to historical context and local power dynamics that represent barriers to change.

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Guo, Shujian, Hyunjung Shin, and Qi Shen. "The Commodification of Chinese in Thailand’s Linguistic Market: A Case Study of How Language Education Promotes Social Sustainability." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 8, 2020): 7344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187344.

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In recent decades, the commodification of the English language has aroused intensive research interest in the sociolinguistics on a global scale, but studies on the commodification of the Chinese language are relatively rare. Most studies take a critical approach in relation to its adverse impacts on minority rights and social justice. This study examined the language landscape in Chiangmai, Thailand, and the linguistic beliefs of local Thai Chinese language learners. Based on their feedback, this study investigated the commodification of Chinese language education in the community of Chinese language learners in Chiangmai. We found that from a less critical perspective, the commodification of a second language provides more accessible and affordable educational opportunities for learners, especially those from low-income families, and at the same time language proficiency can broaden learners’ career choices and provide employees with additional value in industries, such as tourism, commerce, and services. This finding implies that language commodification, rather than typically being associated with linguistic imperialism and unbalanced socio-economic status, can be a contributing factor in promoting higher-education availability and social sustainability in certain circumstances. There may be some mediating factors between the commodification of language and changes in the sustainable balance of language, opening up space for future research to explore.

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Lantschner, Emma. "North Macedonia’s Language Law of 2018." European Yearbook of Minority Issues Online 18, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 184–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116117_01801009.

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In 2019, a new law regulating the use of languages other than Macedonian entered into force in North Macedonia. Language issues have always been a hot topic in North Macedonia and one capable of stirring controversial debate, especially between the Albanian- and the Macedonian- speaking population. This is also the case for this most recent piece of legislation. The present article discusses initially the constitutional and political background to the adoption of the law. It then analyses some of the most disputed aspects of the law. Most of them relate to the broader issues of democracy and rule of law as well as the balance with other human rights.

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Shema, Abdulsalam I. "Rethinking Architecture and Urban Form in the Context of Power Discourse: Case Study Nicosia, North Cyprus." Journal of Asian and African Studies 54, no. 8 (July 30, 2019): 1227–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619865570.

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This study investigates the symbolic attributes of power relations within the built environment of the walled city of Nicosia and contributes to the interpretation of generated meaning. The fundamental aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive explanation and description of how power as a socially constructed phenomenon aids in defining the language of the city and architecture. Studies of the built environment in relation to power discourse are a continuous process, and due to the subjectivity of interpretations, this study adopted the epistemological stance of constructivism. Based on deductive reasoning, this study hypothesises that power aids in defining the language and imageability of the city, and the results have verified the propositions. The case study of this research was diachronically analysed and focused on the socially-constructed symbolic meaning generation, within the framework of interpretivism. In order to analyse the city, a conceptual approach was developed. Two main approaches that support the research hypothesis were established: the language of the city; and imageability of the city. The imageability of the city was based on the five elements of the city, published in 1960. However, due to the context of this research, three of the elements that fully supported the research aim and objectives were selected, namely, landmark, district and path. The two main conceptual approaches were tied to power relations within the built environment based on the theoretical frameworks of: Markus; Dovey; and Njoh. In conclusion, the walled city of Nicosia exhibits symbols of ‘power over’ such as segregation, seduction, manipulation, and authority. The results have verified the proposition that power aids in defining the language and imageability of a city, thereby transforming the city and its inhabitants.

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Xue, Charlie Qiuli, Cong Sun, and Lujia Zhang. "PRODUCING CULTURAL SPACE IN THE CHINESE CITIES: A CASE STUDY OF GRAND THEATERS IN SHANGHAIPRODUCING CULTURAL SPACE IN THE CHINESE CITIES: A CASE STUDY OF GRAND THEATERS IN SHANGHAI." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 44, no. 1 (March 20, 2020): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jau.2020.10800.

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Following the rapid pace of urbanisation, Chinese cities have launched a new wave of large-scale infrastructure, including cultural building construction. From 1998 to 2015, more than 360 grand theaters were built together with libraries, museums and children’s palaces. The number of newly built theaters may have been more than the total sum built in Europe over the past 70 years. Through case studies of theaters built in Shanghai, this paper penetrates the phenomenon of the “heat of cultural buildings” and discovers the history, intentions and effects of these theaters on Chinese cities. Following on-site investigation of the city and theaters, the materials of theater building in China are presented. Theaters of various types are discussed in the framework of urban space, design language and consumerist culture. The authors find that the rapid growth of cultural facilities epitomises the ambition and strong implementation of Chinese (and Asian) governments in the wave of urbanisation and globalization.

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Jaber Alasmari, Nada. "The Mind of a Good Language Learner: A Case Study of Vocabulary-learning Strategies." International Journal of English Language Education 8, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijele.v8i1.16116.

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There is a substantial amount of research in the fields of language-learning strategies and good language learners (GLLs); however, few studies have investigated vocabulary-learning strategies’ use among successful learners. Thus, this paper aims to explore the vocabulary-learning strategies employed by GLLs. To fulfill this aim, a case study was conducted. The participant was a 21-year-old student who passed the standardized test of English proficiency with a high score. This study implemented three instruments, as follows: (1) a vocabulary size test to identify the vocabulary difficulty level, (2) vocabulary knowledge scale test, and (3) think-aloud protocol. In addition, the data collected were analyzed thematically. The findings showed that the participant exhibited two types of strategies. First, he used metacognitive strategies, including monitoring and planning; second, he employed cognitive strategies, which comprised retrieval, avoidance, making associations, and verification. The results indicated that there is a set of language-learning and vocabulary-learning strategies that GLLs tend to use. Moreover, these strategies incorporate but are not limited to cognitive and metacognitive skills. Given these results, this paper clarifies that the vocabulary-learning strategies a GLL displays can be used to help low-level students and learners in general further their learning.

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Ye, Qing, Jing Liu, and Tian Yu. "The Prediction Model of Case-Based Reasoning about Project Evaluation of Xiamen City." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 2606–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.2606.

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This paper was based on construction cost indexes of Xiamen, 11 feature attributes were extracted, including engineering purposes, engineering categories, and 3 predictors including square metre cost. Frame-based representation was used to represent cases. Access was used to build engineering case library. Visual Basic language was adopted to develop object-oriented design. Combined with knowledge guidance strategy and the nearest neighbor algorithm, hybrid retrieval strategy was adopted in basic retrieval and advanced retrieval. When built on case-based reasoning, engineering evaluation model provids a fast and effective method for determining the investment target of project planning and feasibility studies.

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Winter, Joanne, and Anne Pauwels. "Mapping trajectories of change – women’s and men’s practices and experiences of feminist linguistic reform in Australia." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.26.1.03win.

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In this paper we address the issue of the evaluation of feminist language planning in Australia. Through case studies of some self-identified linguistic reformers and non-sexist language users we present a ‘trajectory’ framework for the exploration of evaluation as part of the language planning cycle. We map the users’ trajectories of change through documenting their ‘first contact’ with gender bias in language (an initiating trajectory), their responses, practices and actions in relation to this (a trajectory of practice) and their perceived roles in bringing about, facilitating and spreading change (a trajectory of agency). This documentation reveals narratives of resistance and empowerment through engagement with change in the context of dominant discourses but sometimes also of powerlessness and oppression through rejection and opposition. The outcomes of this analysis suggest multiple and complex interpretations and iterations of feminist linguistic reform evidenced through the mapping of trajectories.

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Neves, Josélia. "Action research." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 28, no. 2 (August 4, 2016): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.28.2.05nev.

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Abstract In this article Action Research (AR) is addressed to determine its limitations and affordances as a research approach in audiovisual translation studies. A specific case of Participatory Action Research (PAR) is presented in the context of a Museum Project in Portugal – the MCCB project –, serving as a focus for the discussion of the main characteristics of AR: planning, putting into action, reflecting upon and starting anew, in spiralling continuums that start with the AR project itself but that go beyond it to spin off into new research and development projects.

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Joo, Hyungmi. "Literacy Practices and Heritage Language Maintenance." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 19, no. 1 (March 6, 2009): 76–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.19.1.05joo.

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The number of students who speak a language other than English at home has significantly increased in various Anglophone (i.e., English-dominant) countries in recent decades. As the student populations in these countries’ schools have become more linguistically and culturally diverse, concerns about language minority students’ language and literacy development have also increased. Researchers have documented the literacy practices of various linguistic and cultural groups at home and/or in the community. This paper portrays the literacy practices of Korean-American students, in particular the population of immigrant adolescents. Drawing upon case studies of four Korean immigrant students, the study described in this paper reveals that these middle school students enjoyed reading and writing for pleasure at home in Korean as well as in English (the main language of their formal schooling), although there existed differences among them in terms of the degree to which they used the languages and the activities they engaged in. Their literacy practices were necessarily accompanied by ethnic and cultural identity formation.

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L’nyavskiy-Ekelund, Svetlana, and Maarja Siiner. "Fostering Social Inclusion through Multilingual Habitus in Estonia: A Case Study of the Open School of Kalamaja and the Sakala Private School." Social Inclusion 5, no. 4 (December 22, 2017): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v5i4.1149.

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After the restoration of independence in 1991, Estonia continued with a parallel school system with separate public schools operating for Russian- and Estonian-speaking children. Seen as a developmental ‘growing pains’ of a transitional state, during the last 27 years the separate school system has contributed to infrastructural difficulties, educational injustice, and societal segregation. This article investigates the role of private schools in addressing this injustice from the analytical angle of new institutionalism, structuration and intergroup contact theories. How do these institutions challenge and aim at changing the state language regime or path dependency in the language of education? Two case studies are presented in this article: The Open School, established in 2017 for children with different home language backgrounds and targeting trilingual competences; The Sakala Private School, established in 2009, offering trilingual education with Russian as a medium of instruction. During this period of nation-state rebuilding and globalization, we investigate whether developing a multilingual habitus is a way to address the issue of social cohesion in the Estonian society in. So far, no other studies of private initiatives in Estonian language acquisition planning have been done.

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O'hara, Diana. "The Language of Tokens and the Making of Marriage." Rural History 3, no. 1 (April 1992): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793300002910.

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In the study of popular culture, the significance of gifts and tokens in the making of marriage has not been given the attention it deserves. The surviving artefacts alone merit closer examination and the role of such objects in dramatic and pictorial representations has yet to be adequately explored. If their full social and symbolic importance is to be understood, however, a close examination is necessary of acts of giving in precisely defined historical contexts. The richly detailed evidence of ecclesiastical depositions surviving for the diocese of Canterbury permits just such an examination. This evidence provides examples from rural communities in woodland, downland, marshland and lowland pays in Kent to the south and east of the River Medway, and shows their connections with local towns. And among these, the case ofDivers v. Williamsprovides unusually extensive information.

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Williams, G. "State, Discourse, and Development in India: The Case of West Bengal's Panchayati Raj." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 29, no. 12 (December 1997): 2099–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a292099.

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In this paper, I use the example of West Bengal's Panchayati Raj (local government reform) to address a number of wider issues of concern for geographers commentating on India's politics and development. Taking the work of Kaviraj as a point of entry, I examine the impact that the decentralisation of government has had on people's access to the state and on the internal politics of three rural communities in West Bengal. The complexities of the processes involved suggest that, rather than there being the unidirectional penetration of society by an ‘alien’ developmental state, rural Bengalis are able to make knowing use of the language and structures of modern government for their own ends. I end the paper by suggesting the possible consequences of these findings for Kaviraj's thesis, for accounts of a ‘crisis' of India's developmental state, and for the discursive turn in development studies more broadly.

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Ramos, Jorge, Katrine Soma, Øivind Bergh, Torsten Schulze, Antje Gimpel, Vanessa Stelzenmüller, Timo Mäkinen, Gianna Fabi, Fabio Grati, and Jeremy Gault. "Multiple interests across European coastal waters: the importance of a common language." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 2 (June 13, 2014): 720–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu095.

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Abstract Different marine and coastal activities have diverse economic, environmental, and socio-cultural objectives, which can lead to conflict when these multidimensional activities coincide spatially or temporally. This is sometimes driven by a lack of understanding or other users' needs and consequentially adequate planning and the utilization of a common language is essential. By using a transparent approach based on multi-criteria analysis, we characterize and establish priorities for future development/conservation for all users in the coastal area using six representative European Case Studies with different levels of complexity. Results varied according to location, but significantly it was found that stakeholders tended to favour ecological and social over economic objectives. This paper outlines the methodology employed, the results derived, and the potential for this approach to reduce conflict in coastal and marine waters.

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Van Poppel, Mark, James W. Wheless, Dave F. Clarke, Amy McGregor, Mark H. McManis, Freedom F. Perkins, Katherine Van Poppel, Stephen Fulton, and Frederick A. Boop. "Passive language mapping with magnetoencephalography in pediatric patients with epilepsy." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 10, no. 2 (August 2012): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2012.4.peds11301.

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Object Functional mapping is important for determining surgical candidacy and also in epilepsy surgery planning. However, in young children and uncooperative patients, language mapping has been particularly challenging despite the advances in performing noninvasive functional studies. In this study the authors review a series of children with epilepsy who underwent language mapping with magnetoencephalography (MEG) while sedated or sleeping, to determine receptive language localization for presurgical evaluation. Methods The authors undertook a retrospective review of patients who underwent MEG between December 2007 and July 2009, and identified 15 individuals who underwent passive language testing as part of their presurgical evaluation because they were unable to participate in traditional language testing, such as Wada or functional MRI. Factors necessitating passive language testing included age and neurocognitive development. Results Three of the 15 patients were deemed candidates for epilepsy surgery based on the results from standard preoperative testing, including video electroencephalography, MRI, and passive receptive language testing using MEG technology. The MEG studies were used successfully to localize language in all 3 patients, creating opportunities for seizure freedom through surgery that would not otherwise have been available. All 3 patients then underwent resective epilepsy surgery without experiencing postoperative language deficits. Conclusions This case series is the first to look at language mapping during sleep (passive language mapping) in which MEG was used and is the first to evaluate passive language testing in a patient population with intracranial pathological entities. This case series demonstrates that MEG can provide an alternative method for receptive language localization in patients with barriers to more traditional language testing, and in these 3 cases surgery was performed safely based on the results.

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Tuholske, Cascade, Andrea E. Gaughan, Alessandro Sorichetta, Alex de Sherbinin, Agathe Bucherie, Carolynne Hultquist, Forrest Stevens, Andrew Kruczkiewicz, Charles Huyck, and Greg Yetman. "Implications for Tracking SDG Indicator Metrics with Gridded Population Data." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 7329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137329.

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Achieving the seventeen United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires accurate, consistent, and accessible population data. Yet many low- and middle-income countries lack reliable or recent census data at the sufficiently fine spatial scales needed to monitor SDG progress. While the increasing abundance of Earth observation-derived gridded population products provides analysis-ready population estimates, end users lack clear use criteria to track SDGs indicators. In fact, recent comparisons of gridded population products identify wide variation across gridded population products. Here we present three case studies to illuminate how gridded population datasets compare in measuring and monitoring SDGs to advance the “fitness for use” guidance. Our focus is on SDG 11.5, which aims to reduce the number of people impacted by disasters. We use five gridded population datasets to measure and map hazard exposure for three case studies: the 2015 earthquake in Nepal; Cyclone Idai in Mozambique, Malawi, and Zimbabwe (MMZ) in 2019; and flash flood susceptibility in Ecuador. First, we map and quantify geographic patterns of agreement/disagreement across gridded population products for Nepal, MMZ, and Ecuador, including delineating urban and rural populations estimates. Second, we quantify the populations exposed to each hazard. Across hazards and geographic contexts, there were marked differences in population estimates across the gridded population datasets. As such, it is key that researchers, practitioners, and end users utilize multiple gridded population datasets—an ensemble approach—to capture uncertainty and/or provide range estimates when using gridded population products to track SDG indicators. To this end, we made available code and globally comprehensive datasets that allows for the intercomparison of gridded population products.

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Saleh, M. A., H. M. A. Hussein, and H. M. Mousa. "Computer Aided Process Planning for Freeform Surface Sheet Metal Features in Automotive Industry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 392 (September 2013): 931–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.392.931.

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This paper describes computer aided process planning for a freeform surface; sheet metal features. Automotive body panels are always manufactured using thin forming sheets; the developed CAPP system consists of two modules which are feature recognition module based on STEP AP203 and a process plan module; two additional modules for automotive panel CAPP system and cost estimation module are also incorporated in the system of punch and bending operation. Stamped or punched features in generative shape design are used to design automotive panels; the generative CAPP system is written in visual basic 2008 language and implemented in several case studies demonstrated in the present work. Feature recognition of punched; stamped internal features in free form surface recognized in base of data exchange files using STEP AP203 ISO-10303-21.

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M. Kovac, Mirjana. "Repetitions as a Communication Strategy: A Case Study." Studies in English Language Teaching 4, no. 1 (February 10, 2016): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/selt.v4n1p87.

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<em>This extensive study examines repetitions in English (L2) which are considered as indicators of speech disfluency as well as a communication strategy. The participants of this study were 101 first-year undergraduate students of technical studies who received nine years of formal instruction of English. The results revealed that the speakers tend to repeat shorter speech fragments, that is, the absolute majority of all repetitions comprised up to one syllable. Consequently, even shorter repetitions generally provide sufficient additional time for linguistic planning or retrieving a particular linguistic unit. The former conclusion refers to both L1 and L2 repetitions. However, the comparison with the results obtained for L1 in a previous study confirmed that the speakers in L2 employ considerably more repetitions compared to L1. This points to the conclusion that repetitions as a communication strategy in L2 are used in order to give the speaker the opportunity to hold the floor, namely, it prevents breakdowns in communication. Even though repetitions are considered as forms of speech disfluency, they are indeed a resource learners can use in order to engage in a conversation despite their limited language resources.</em>

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Alzaben, Naser M. N., Abdulfattah Omar, and Mohamed Ali Mohamed Kassem. "The Implications of Global English for Language Endangerment and Linguistic Identity: The Case of Arabic in the GCC States." International Journal of English Linguistics 9, no. 6 (November 12, 2019): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n6p382.

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Numerous sociolinguistic studies have been concerned with investigating the factors that pose challenges to the position of Arabic in the Arab Gulf countries including the demographic structure, migrant labor, bilingual education, and the unique diaglossic nature of Arabic. However, thus far, there has been no conceptual framework for addressing the implications of the increasing use of English for the position and future of Arabic in these countries. A number of studies concluded that English has superseded Gulf Arabic and dominated the linguistic identity of its native speakers without providing empirical evidence for such claims. In the face of this limitation, this study adopts a sociolinguistic framework using language planning and language policy (LPP) methods in order to investigate the effects and implications of the use of English as a global language and lingua franca in the Arab Gulf states and propose workable, reliable and effective language policies that can help in maintaining Arabic as the first language in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states and addressing problems of language endangerment and death. Results indicate that the disappearance of a language and the loss of its status cannot be solely attributed to the widespread of global English. Global English, on the contrary, should not be considered as a threat to the linguistic and national identity in the GCC countries. The real threat that Arabic faces is the failure to meet the increasing needs of its users and speakers which has its implications for the status and future of Arabic. It is suggested then that more descriptive approaches should be adopted in the analysis and teaching of Arabic. Linguistic changes of Arabic should be considered inevitable and not be resisted in order for Arabic to address the changing needs of its users. Arabic should also be more involved in today’s globalised world. Finally, the sense of linguistic identity should be promoted among citizens and students.

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Njikang, Kennedy Ebang. "Diaspora, Home-State Governance and Transnational Political Mobilisation: A Comparative Case Analysis of Ethiopia and Kenya’s State Policy Towards their Diaspora." Migration Letters 17, no. 1 (January 23, 2020): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v17i1.738.

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Aligned to studies that have established that state-diaspora engagement policies consist of a diversity of measures associated with different aims, this study provides a novel approach to such research. It involves investigating how leadership (through diaspora policies) is structured using language to ensure that the objectives of state-diaspora policies are persuasive enough to draw consensual support from the diaspora. Adopting a rhetorical analysis of multi-case data, this paper compares how the notion of diaspora is used within Ethiopia and Kenya’s state-diaspora policy documents and how their understanding of their diaspora shapes the actual political mobilisation of it. The paper demonstrates that by selecting certain themes and by treating diaspora as a powerful strategy, either by segregating it from or including it in the political activities of a nation, domestic governments can strongly influence the political narrative. Results further show that when the diaspora faces state power not all categories of it are equally accepted or offered the same political rights.

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Ahmad, Amirah, Norizah Ardi, and Rozaimah Rashidin. "Speech Acts in Trials of Underage Sexual Criminal Case." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 6, SI5 (August 29, 2021): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6isi5.2922.

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Language usage in a court trial of a criminal case is usually associated with utterances that lead to justification of the imposed punishment for the offender. Utterances of justification are usually categorized as a performative speech act. Each utterance can be categorized into five types of speech, namely representatives, directives, commissive, expressive, and declaratives. This descriptive study uses the text analysis technique, by analysing the utterance delivered in the court trial. The findings showed that mostly the Deputy Public Prosecutor and the advocates are using the directive speech act whereas the OKT and the witnesses are using representative speech acts. Keywords: speech acts; court trial; under age criminal case eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI5.2922

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Véliz, Mauricio. "Language Learning Strategies (LLSs) and L2 motivation associated with L2 pronunciation development in pre-service teachers of English." Literatura y Lingüística, no. 25 (August 13, 2018): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/0717621x.25.1552.

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This study seeks to uncover the psychosocial mechanisms used by pre-serviceteachers of English with the purpose of developing an L2 phonological system,within a framework of language learning strategies (LLSs)The study makes use of a case study methodology and collects informationthrough a semi-structured interview, whose results are interpreted in light ofOxford’s (1990) taxonomy. The results corroborate to some extent findingsmade in previous studies, amongst which are: (i) ample use of indirectstrategies, amongst which metacognitive, planning and monitoring stand out;(ii) greater potential of metacognitive strategies when accompanied by use ofdirect strategies such as mental images, applying images and sounds, practising,analysing/reasoning, and paying attention; and (iii) the mobilisation power ofmotivation in connection with a strategy repertoire.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Language planning – Zimbabwe – Case studies'

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