Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Languedoc (France) – Histoire religieuse'
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Marcoux-Fortier, Jean-Philippe. ""Ritus hereticorum" : les rites de l'hérésie des "bons hommes" comme construction cléricale au sein de deux registres d'Inquisition (Albi, 1286-1287 et 1299-1300)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27725/27725.pdf.
Full textChareyre, Philippe. "Le consistoire de nimes 1561-1685." Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30034.
Full textChastang, Pierre. "Lire, écrire, transcrire : le travail des rédacteurs de cartulaires en Bas-Languedoc, XIe-XIIIe siècles." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010623.
Full textFaü, Jean-François. "Mary Lafon : historien du Languedoc." Montpellier, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985MON30042.
Full textAspord-Mercier, Sophie. "Le monde des seigneurs pariers : Allègre, une coseigneurie en Languedoc, XIIème- XVème siècles." Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30045.
Full textIn Eastern Languedoc, the castles preserving the image of capacities shared identified through the narrow cohabitation of several residences “seigneuriales”, prove to be numerous during XIIe. , XVe. Centuries. The coseigniories, managed and managed by lords “pariers”, invariably characterize the urban cities and the secondary strongholds of Uzège and its borders. Historical, architectural and archaeological research carried out with the castrum of Lively, provided indications on the statute and the social status of the “pariers”, on the space and defensive organization of the fortress, on the methods of construction and the typology of the various dwellings; turn “seigneuriale”, turn in room, together palatial, Romance house. The places of worship and the world of deaths, characterized by "burials catastrophes", let perceive the living conditions within the parery, while the objects of the everyday life more reveal the customs and habits of the world of the lords “pariers” and the economic activities of the coseigniory
Bertrand-Fabre, Danielle. "Etre curé en Languedoc au XVIIIe siècle : l'abbé Jean-Batiste Fabre entre ministère et littèrature occitane (1727-1783)." Montpellier 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON30056.
Full textDébax, Hélène. "Structures féodales dans le Languedoc des Trencavel (XIe-XIIe siècles)." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20001.
Full textThis thesis deals with feudal structures, that is to say, relations established within the nobiliary class, in languedoc of the trencavels. The latter were viscounts of albi, nimes, beziers, agde, carcassonne and razes. Towards the end of the 12th century, they had a cartulary drawn out -still extand, but not yet edited- which is the main source for this study. It contains 584 acts, ranging from the year 1000 down to the albigensian crusade. These texts have revealed a deeply feudalized society, in which the viscounts impose their authority to a castellan aristocracy through fidelity oaths and fief retaking. The great number of oaths and enfeoffments testify to the importance of the fief as institution and show how, in the course of the 11th and 12th centuries, the whole of the local aristocracy became vassals to the viscount. Fidelity is expressed by that faith vowing, and the oaths clearly show that the castrum that are refering to is swearable and renderable, i. E. A fief. The settlements of disputes provide us with information about administration of justice within the nobility, a type of justice immanent to the group, relying on mediations and arbitrations. The power of the viscounts is therefore to be defined in feudal and vassalic terms. On the other hand, the construction of a principality was never complete. The territory was never conceived as a unit, the six viscounties remained juxtaposed. Nor did the viscounts impose the concept of public fortifications. They never had subjects, but only vassals, who screened them off from the mass of the milites and the peasants
Mirr, Simone. "Médecine des pauvres dans les campagnes du Languedoc au XVIIIe siècle." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON11126.
Full textPayrière, Michel. "L'enfance abandonnée, 1788-1988 : 200 ans de protection médico-sociale en France et en Languedoc." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11317.
Full textPélaquier, Élie. "Familles et communauté en Languedoc Rhodanien : Saint-Victor-de-la-Coste (1661-1799)." Montpellier 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON30008.
Full textThis thesis investigates the relationships between families and community in a french languedocian village, during the xviith and xviiith centuries. It is a comprehensive study of the large and complet amount of archives existing at saint-victor-de-la-coste. The method is based upon the confrontation of the sources and the building of familial genealogies on the long time. The first section inspects the context (climate, demography, economy) and the field of the survey (crops, productions, taxes, allocation of weath). The second part studies the consequences of the system of inheritage based on the "heritier unviersel" : perpetuation of the family values (property, house, social status) on the long time, evolution of the situation of the old parents, foundation of a hierarchy between brothers and sisters (at the time of alliance). The question of the exclusion (founders, servants, soldiers, emigrants) is largely evocated. The third part analyses the social relationships and the way of life: conditions of the social emersion, evolution and social hierarchy of the dwelling (reconstitution of the built space), ways of innovation, forms of sociability (conficts, youth, religion). The last part deals with the community, caught between the requirements of the powers, the needs of the inhabitants and the management of the territory. The game of the individuals and of the families find here its full developpement, through the debates which oppose inhabitants and landlords during centuries. The "principaux habitants", supported by their clients and their kinship from generation to generation, are divided between the "parti" of the landlord and the one of the ciommunity, in a conflictual frame renewed by the revolutionnary debates. The implication of the leading families in the life of the village leads to true careers, which are described in a set of communal biographies. The conclusion defines the rules which would allow comparative studies
Bernat, Chrystel. "Une guerre sans épithète : les troubles des Cévennes au prisme catholique : déchirures civiles et violences de religion (vers 1685 - vers 1710)." Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE5023.
Full textIn 1702, due to religious persecution, the revolt of the Camisards appears as the starting point of a time of civil troubles in Bas-Languedoc. This Ph. D attempts to give an account of a revolt which turns into a dense and polymorphous conflict and analyse how a society enters the war through the echoes of this onslaught for liberty in the Catholic society. The study of these opposite religious passions tends to show the various duels, the intermingled factions and the branching out of conflicts which confront the political power, the clergy and Catholic and Protestant civil populations through internal strife, contrary aims and discordant commitments. The approach not only pictures the multiplicity of violences – physical, ideological, linguistic, head-on and latent – but also the interweaving of the antagonisms, the many different forms of confrontations between Catholics and Protestants expressed in an infinite number of attacks, of oppression signs and different oppositions which do not restrict themselves to the armed conflict nor the open war. Based on archives which have never been studied before, the Doctoral thesis offers an overall new vision of the troubles taking into account a significant third protagonist – strictly civil – and highlighting the study of a war as a whole, beyond the confrontation between the Camisards and the representatives of the political power. Considering the Protestant revolt unparalleled in the “post-révocationnaire” period of the French kingdom, this research analyses the situation of the Catholic religion in Bas-Languedoc which has then reached the limits of its policy of persecution
Vial, Julien. "Les Volques Arécomiques et le Languedoc oriental protohistorique : étude d'une entité ethno-politique préromaine (IXe - Ier s. av. J.C.)." Avignon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AVIG1047.
Full textMartin, Philippe. "Espaces et chemins du sacré : la géographie religieuse dans le Toulois et le Saintois (vers 1580 - vers 1880)." Nancy 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN21012.
Full textThe first section deals with church land. We can see how the boundaries of the parishes are fixed and how each community becomes aware of its existence. Then we consider the pattern of holy buildings constructed on local territory. The second section deals with processions. After glancing back over the history of this type of worship between 1580 and 1880, we examine the different sorts of processions, their routes and their effects on the rural community. The third section begins with a reminder of the history of pilgrimages. Then, we follow in the footsteps of one pilgrim: the conception of the space of the sanctuary, the decision to leave, the journey and the ceremonies, each analysis is both chronological and ethnological
Cholvy, Marc. "Caisses d'épargne et société : de l'émergence d'une institution en France à sa diffusion en Languedoc-Roussillon (XVIIIe-XIXe s.)." Montpellier 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON30009.
Full textThis thesis takes place to the interlinking field of the mentalities’history and the quantitative history : it recalls the genesis of the savings banks’idea and institution’s beginning in the economic social and political context. It exploits multiple unpublished or manuscript documents, mainly of contemporary sources of the period studied. The first part strives to show the conjunction of the different factors that have given birth to the idea of Savings Banks : scientific and philosophical factors, with L’Encyclopedie and some mathematic or economic works ; religious factors with the calvinist favorable view on the work and the enrichment, specially by swiss Protestants. This perspective reachs gradually the french liberal spheres. The second part describes the translation of the new currents : birth of the national legal framework and modifications of savings banks’statutes, in an atmosphere of innumerable parliamentary debates where different points of view are exposed. To analyze the new legislation on the terrain, a particular study of the Languedoc-Roussillon constitutes the third part : description of the progressive implantation of the system in the urban and rural environment, and statistical analyses (financials and humans) of the informations offered by bankbooks. Local informations are put in look of the national situation, the economic conjuncture and political events that lined the history of France. After having studied their pedagogical mission for the working classes and in schools, the last part underlines a specificity of Savings Banks, the social action (shower baths, council flats, bread coupons…). A chapter about the architecture of savings banks monuments and to their place in the city closes the study. Annexes deliver number original documents giving the reader the period’atmosphere. The ambition of this work is to show that the social and economic political life of the country reflects in the life of savings banks, so they represent a real mirror of the society
Schneider, Laurent. "Monastères, villages et peuplement en Languedoc central : les exemples d'Aniane et de Gellone (VIIIe-XIIe siècle)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10060.
Full textHistorical and archeological studies of two languedocien monastic domains, the aim of this work is to highlight the monastery importance during village evolution in this region. Since century twelfth, like lay castra, aniane's and gellone's monasteries permitted people to gather when getting their principal prieuries witch rempart. The number of villages, which are called forcia or claustra, increased near each monastery where production means have been concentrated. Paysans saving begun to stuck up. The history of these two monastic domains can let us think that the incastellamento impact in languedocien village growing, and its ability to restructure soil and habitat, is not exclusive. Contrasted phenomenon, languedocien incastellamento was not of regular intensity. It is rather a characteristic of urban suburbs and littoral sector
Cassan, Michel. "Le temps des guerres de religion en Limousin vers 1550 et 1630." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040036.
Full textFrom the middle of the XVI th century to the fall of la Rochelle, the Limousins were facing three debates, the reformation in the years 1550-1564, the politic power from 1565 to 1602, the catholic reform and counter-reform after 1590 and the return of the "ligueurs" in their town. Four events merked this period - the late protestantism's penetration by the nobility's patronage or by a seignioral contestation. In this case, the urban elites which drived the movement, were probably justified in their action by Charles IX which deprived the ecclesiastical lords of their rights; - the politic urban emancipation during and at the end of the wars of religion; - the state's growing and the administrator's affirmation becoming an greater actor in the provincial political configuration after his victorious struggle against the league; - the reform and counter-reform animated by the devouts and accompagnied by the recombining of the catholic elite and destroying the still coexixtenetween. . . . Catholics and calvinist during the first XVII th century
Sottocasa, Valérie. "Mémoires affrontées : protestants et catholiques face à la Révolution dans les montagnes du Languedoc." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://books.openedition.org/pur/17147.
Full textThe historians do know well the popular resistances to the French Revolution in West France; but the attitudes of the southern populations are still ignored, specially in the mountains. Here Revolution stirred up early and violent conflicts, previous to the Vendean insurrection. As soon as 1790, a spiral of violences raise up, and continue until 1815. The present work had to understand its roots, to grasp the forms and modalities of its expression. The judicial series belonging to revolutionary archives have been analysed, and a basis of data realized : the popular movements have been indexed, showing the force of the antagonisms during the Revolution. Diagrams and maps reveal the existence of an authentic demarcation line between revolutionary and refractory countries. This political frontier repeats another one, older : the religious frontier between protestants and catholics. Soon brought over to the Reform, the Cévennes are a protestant bastion the revocation of the Edit de Nantes and the following persecutions could not penetrate. Revolutionary protestants and counter-revolutionary catholics ? The link between politic and religion had to be analysed. In a second stage, the present work focuses on religious history of the southern mountains, in order to weigh the impact of the revolutionary crisis upon sensibilities and political experiences. These mountains had sustained long and recurrent wars of religion : the Revolution appeared to them like a new moment of these fratricide struggles. Their remembrance clearly had an impact upon political behaviours during the Revolution. Religious, judicial and literary sources from the XVIth, XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries have been analysed : this regressive investigation allowed to show the strength of the remembrance populations had kept about the old recurrent conflicts between protestants and catholics : wars of Duke of Rohan (1620-1629) and rebellion of the Camisards (1702-1705) deeply marked minds and sensibilities in southern mountains. The Revolution appeared in these countries as a religious crisis, and awoke ancestral hates : it imposed a confessional reading of the facts, until the last decades of the XIXth century
Durand, Raymond-Bernard Marie Jacques Christian. "Les syndics généraux de la province du Languedoc et la justice du Conseil d'État, XVIIème-XVIIIème siècles." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON10054.
Full textPaya, Didier. "La tombe et le cimetière en Languedoc au Moyen-Age : l'exemple du Diocèse de Maguelone[contient T1: La dernière demeure, T2 : Le cimetière]." Montpellier 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON30068.
Full textGraves and cemetery have changed since the apparition of christianism. This evolution results from a new perception of the death, connected to resurrection and judgement day. During the 4th century, first manifestations of christianism appear in languedoc. At this time, materials used to build the graves are wood, tegulae and some times stone. Preponderance over other materials will be soon taken by stone. The body is considered as the soul's guard, until the resurrection, so he must be protected. The organisation of cemetery is the same as the ancient paganism. The death always belongs to private affairs, clergymen never intervene. From 9 and 10th centuries forward, cemeteries are settled especially around the parish churches. Cemeteries in the field, funerary basilics are from now on deserted. The church takes care of the destiny of the deceased. Sin become preponderant and faithfuls need prayers and saint's protection. Same antique reasons preside to preservation of the body. The form of the corpse has to be preserved and the development of anthropomorphous graves can be explained by necessary preservetion of the corpse's form. The apparition of the purgatory generates some important modifications in mentalities, espacially in the perception of relations between the corpse and the soul, who will be seperated till the decease from now on. Individual builded graves disappear on benhalf of sepeultures "en pleine terre", in which the corpse is layed in a grave of digged in earth without any kind of amenagement. In churches, ossuary and burials vault which recept the bones of ancients burials grow on. Memory and prayer for the rest of decease's souls are now more important than the corpses. Decea's memory became preponderant and so cemeteries may be settled far from the living's space
Cabanel, Patrick. "Les cadets de Dieu : familles, migrations et vocations religieuses en Gévaudan (fin XVIIe-fin XXe siècles)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX10004.
Full textDurand, Aline. "Paysages, terroirs et peuplement dans les campagnes du Bas-Languedoc (dixième-douzième siècle)." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010504.
Full textIn lower Languedoc, the history of landscapes, soils and settlement during tenth-twelfth centuries is enlightened by both written documents and charcoal analysis. The importance of the ninth century in the economic circumstances, perceptible by means of clearings is rehabilitated. During the tenth century, different processes begin : men grouping together into protovillages. Organization into monocultural soils, appearance of cultural subdistrict areas, structuring of paths and land parcels. These processes continue through the next century. Between 1020-1030 and 1070-1080, the organization of landscapes and population characters are definitively settled. Whereas Carolingian development and soil occupation keep important features of antic and paleochristian patterns. Those of the eleven century break off with this tradition. The break is particularly obvious for vegetation, flora, farming systems and settlement. Since 1170-1180, synthesis between ancient and recent elements succeeds ; the orientation of the production and the management of resources are relationalized and specialized. Regional characters become more specific. Since the year of one thousand, the fortified grain villages of the lower plain clearly contrast with the scattered, pastoral and mountain settlement of the interland: two specific ecosystems take form
Larguier, Gilbert. "Le drap et le grain en Languedoc : recherches sur Narbonne et le Narbonnais (1300-1789)." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070108.
Full textAdopting a plan in three parts, breaks (1300-middle of the XV th century), rebirth (middle of the XV th century-end of the XVI th century), apogee and decline (XVII th century-XVIII th century), the work tries to understand how a town of 30 000 inhabitants in 1300, which matters in Europe, a town of the sheet, could fall below 10 000 inhabitants five centuries later, reduce its activity to export grains and be unable to establish itself as the conty town of the department in 1789. This decline, unic in western Europe, product of an internal and international economy provides an example of a complexe urban recession. The falling down of the production of sheets, of the big trade, of the sea traffic in the first half of the. Xv th century leads to the collapse of the social system. A spectacular restoring happened in the XVI th century, founded on a triple dynamic : port and trading (Narbonne becomes the first port in Languedoc) country and social. The new nobility who is forming looks for land with passion. Narbonne, nevertheless, fails in restoring craft production, the two seas canal challanged to it. 1680 is the beginning for it of a serious crisis about which it doesn't manage to get over in the xviii th century
Carluer, Jean-Yves. "Les protestants bretons : XVIe - XXe siècles." Rennes 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN20015.
Full textThe Breton protestants (a few thousand) have exerted an unrecognized influence over the religions, economic and cultural life of the province. The late introduction of the Reformation has mainly touched the urban classes and first of all the nobility, on a high level. After a short peak about 1565, a score of communities survived until most of them were scatterrd by the civil wars which broke out later here than elsewhere. Soon after the edit de Nantes the congregations gathered again to regain their former importance. The Revolution was responsible for the quasi breaking up of those communities. Towards the late seventeenth century, Brittany became a road to refuge. Thousands of western huguenots croosed over the Channel Islands. Hundreds were arrested and judged by the high judicial court of Brittany. A century later, breton protestantism knew a sudden revival. Welsh missionaries driven by the celtic movement came and settled in breiz izel. . The ministers and their converts played a prominent part in the political and cultural life and formed the main part of the protestant presence to our days
Hancke-Jolliot, Gwendoline. "Les femmes nobles languedociennes à l'époque du catharisme." Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT5013.
Full textThe thesis treats of languedocian noble-women in the 13th century. Based mainly on the Inquisition registers, but also on others sources which permit to study the situation of noble-women, it tries to offer an image the most complete as possible of feminine status and religious life. After the first part dedicated to the legal status, the economic situation and the anthroponomy, the second part speaks of all the aspects of daily life which appears in the inquisitorial sources, particularly physical realities, social structures, culture and education. The third part treats of catholic religiosity, in dealy existence and in religious institutions, of monastic structures and all varieties of feminine consacrated life. Catholic women are then confronted to cathar women of whom are studied the life of whom are studied the lofe of simple believers, of religoius women (living in community) and members of the secular clergy
Bruguière, Patrick. "Un espace, des taureaux, des hommes, : ou les origines de la course libre : 1800-1852." Montpellier 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON30048.
Full textSeverals different faces and acts of the "free race", in french "course libre" is a game with the bulls, the rulers have been fixed throughout the time, the stickers which are put on the bulls, the bonus are given to man, the action to take the stickers off is called in franch "le raset" it is an art also the qualities of the bulls whose can keep the sticker, on the whole we have something that goes well together as a game which gets together the village community. Severals cycles between 1800 an 1852 are defined as so : the decrees stopping the bulls 'races as a game and the consequencies on the politic's life. The farmers' revolt of the bulls' farm in 1841 and its consequencies on everyday's life until 1843 influenced the population mentalities in a very important way of the feasts. The aim of the policies is to manipulate to make diseppear the bulls races as a game, the consequencies which forbid to get together a population the feelings of free men, who are together, the interdictions serve the republican's actions, in a political life a new fact appears the utilisation of population feast for politic. The free bulls races will happen only on 1852
Marty, Nicolas. "Histoire d'une grande entreprise en Languedoc : la Source Perrier et son personnel, 1903-1990." Perpignan, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PERP0399.
Full textThe Perrier spring is one of the leading companies in the mineral water industry, and was one of the key participants in the creation of this new product of consumption in the twentieth century. The first directors of the company were English, they took the decision, considered to be iconoclastic in France, to cut the company off from its hot spring source in order to create a totally separate consumer good. .
Lenoir, Frédéric. "Le bouddhisme en France : un laboratoire de la modernité religieuse." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0063.
Full textDate, Kiyonobu. "L'histoire religieuse au miroir de la morale laïque au XIXe siècle en France." Lille 3, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00310953.
Full textThere is no barrier today for religious studies to encompass secular ethics (morale laïque), but has it always been so ? Historically, secular ethics and the science of religions were born in the 19th century out of religious criticism. They found legitimacy in the 1880's with the establishment of the 3rd Republic in France. The former was especially employed in primary education as a means to form citizens, while the latter was primarily confined to a relatively small group of specialists within the framework of higher education. The domains of application of morals and religious studies seem, then, to differ. Texts of the first half of the 19th century, however, often show interconnected these two fields were. It is consequently opportune to reflect on the historical conditions that led these two fields to being perceived as different. For its promoters, secular ethics was a means to free society from ethics based on religion. But secular ethics is no devoid of religious elements. The history of religions, as a modern social science, has distanced itself from theology but shares with it some of its representation schemes. Even if the beginning of the 20th century sees the spiritual component of secular ethics wane and the Christian-centric perspective of the history of religions attenuate, the religious continues to haunt both ethics and religious studies. It was also the moment when these two domaines could meet again on a new level
Bée, Michel. "La croix et la bannière : confréries, Eglise et société en Normandie du XVIIe siècle au début du XXe siècle." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040111.
Full textNowadays, in a few villages of Normandy, a brotherhood called "charité", assumes the inheritance of an ancient and pregnant tradition. Actually, after a period of prosperity in the XVth, an a crisis in the XVIth century, succeeds a long time of reforms, under the supervision of the clergy, in order to establish the confraternities inside the parish. From the post-tridentine acculturation to the ultra-montane devotions, they get associated with the purpose of christianizing the people. As in other places, some specific confraternities are intended or this aim, such rosary and holy-sacrament; but, in the same time, more ancient and autonomous ones, the "charités", develop in mid-Normandy, from the Caux, to the Roumois, Lieuvin and Perche, a tight sociability about death, feasts and mutual helps. Dechristinization, but also individualism and desocialization bring them into question; however, in front of the attacks of revolution and secularism in the third republic, the communal and religious links of the country Norman brotherhoods stand firm till, and sometimes after, the First World War
Maire, Catherine. "De la cause de Dieu à la cause de la Nation : le jansénisme au XVIIIe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0039.
Full textThe thesis tries to identify the specificity of the hansenist movement in the XVIIIth century viewing in all its course, from the Unigenitus Bull in 1713 until the civilian constitution of the clergy in 1790, through the episode of the "convulsions" and parliamentary battles of the second half of the century. The leading thread of this story, the fundamental element which gives it unity is constituted by figurism. Figurism is a method of exegesis and theology of history the inspiration of which can be found at the root of all expressions and transformations of the movement. The thesis is organised in three books which correspond to the three key phases of the study. The first book is an analysis of the rebirth both doctrinal and organisational of the jansenist party caused by the Unigenitus Bull, particularly under the form of a clandestine bookshop. The second replaces the emerging of the movement of the convulsionaries from the angle of the figurist acculturation of the people of the faithful. The third book is an attempt, finally, to elucidate the enigma constituted by the political transfiguration of jansenism within the parliamentary battle after the crisis of the refusals of the sacraments. The first part in this process is hold by the figurist barrister and partisan of the convulsions Louis-Adrien La Paige, of whom we establish the omnipresent activity of "éminence grise". But figurist filiation does not stop there : it goes on until french revolution, where it can be seen at work during the debate on the civilian constitution of the clergy as much as in the attempt of rebuilding the constitutional church under the Directoire It is through it that jansenism has been able to shift from the defence of the "cause of God" to the defence of the "cause of the nation"
Dean, Rodney. "Histoire de l'Eglise constitutionnelle dans la métropole de Paris depuis la fin de la Terreur en juillet 1794 jusqu'à la clôture du premier concile national en novembre 1797." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040165.
Full textIn the autumn of 1795 some members of the constitutional church met in paris to organise the re-establishment of public worship in france. The idea seems to have occured first to abbe clement, but he was encouraged by the doctor charles saillant. Abbe gregoire joined the group in december and shortly afterwards he gave a speech in which he demanded freedom of worship. This freedom was granted grudgingly by the national convention and the 'eveques reunis' drew up a first encyclical letter in march in which they established some rules for the organisation of the new constitutional church. In the next few months some churches in paris were re-opened. Of course the constitutionals had to face the hostility of the refractory priests, who benefited from the same laws and settled in other parishes in the capital. Despite the difficulties, presbyteries were formed in paris and versailles, but the attempt to elect a bishop of versailles failed. Under the directory, the church faced the same anticlerical hostility as before, but the situation improved after the appointment of cochon as minister of police in april 1796. A second encyclical letter, published in december 1795, encouraged the organisation of the new church, but relations with the pope remained bad. Through its weekly newspaper the 'eveques reunis' managed to spread their ideas. Clement was finally elected bishop of versailles in february 1797, but the paris church remained without a bishop. Pierre thuin, bishop of meaux, rallied to the constitutional cause in 1796 and helped prepare the first national council in august 1797, this council was the fruit of the efforts of a group of christians, who were motivated by their gallican feelings but also urged on by the conviction that their faith had to be expressed fully in a republican society
Cartron-Kawe, Isabelle. "Pérégrinationes et congregatio sancti Filiberti, de l'Aquitaine à la Provence : la genèse du réseau monastique de Saint-Philibert du IXe au XIe siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10043.
Full textThe peregrinations of the saint-philibert monks from noirmoutier to tournus are often cited to caracterise exodus in front of norman raids during the ixth century. Comparison with the other monastic groups' itineraries shows that this congregatio was different because the monks didn't return to their original monastery. Using information from diplomatic, hagiographic and archeological sources, we have tried to define the modalities of this exodus et its consequences on the structure of the monastery. Its active role in the monastic reform during the ixth century gave it a special place on the political scene. Protected by kings, the monastery was also supported by an aristocratic group, which has been the object of a prosopografic survey. This network of relations and the evolution of charles the bald's territorial politics would have partly defined the monks' itinerary and the expansion of monastic properties. The year 875 marked the return to stabilitas loci. The monks' installation in tournus was accompanied by a reorganization of all their properties. This raises the question about the existence of an early monastic network whose structure reflects this eventful episode. During the xth and xith centuries, the monastery seems to have been caracterised by a certain conservatism : the revival of carolingian privileges, the cult of relics and the importance of abbots. However the monastic seigneury slowly began to put itself into place and the monks consolidate their properties. The map of possessions in the beginning of the xiith century confirms the importance of the peregrinations in the formation of the network. The structure of the monastery and how it fonctioned during the xith century show that the carolingian age is fundamental for understanding the genesis of this monastic network
Baik, In-Ho. "La vie religieuse en Seine-et-Oise sous la Révolution." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010594.
Full textThe department of Seine-et-Oise is a new department that is composed of seven different dioceses of the ancien regime. In the end of the ancien regime, there was a certain diminution of the religious practice. The department of Seine-et-Oise distinguished itself from the beginning of the revolution by his civil and religious obedience to the ideal of 1789. The first great division among the clergy was that of the oath of 1791. Seventy-five percent of the clergy subjected to the oath made an oath purely et simply. The geography of the oath reveals the regional differences, especially between the towns et the villages. The dechristianisation of the year ii found in the department of seineet-oise a laboratory which consists of its internal et external agents. It showed itself by the negative et the positive signs. The dechristianisation of the year ii that can be described as a radical action of the detachment of the traditional religion failed immediately,inspite of the violent trauma produced by the dechristianisation. The clergy was affected by the dechristianisation in various ways and the messes will continue after the year II. The wound will take long time to be cured
Fournier, Georges. "Democratie et vie municipale en languedoc. (milieu dix-huitieme-debut dix-neuvieme siecle)." Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20068.
Full textIn the eighteenth-century, languedoc possessed an active municipal life in a provincial setting. Relatively democratic village traditions and the ambitions of the petty and middling urban bourgoisie clashed with highly oligarchical tendencies favored by the policies of the administrative monarchy relayed by the provincial estates. The revolution, by suppressing the hierarchies and introducing elections, rendered more flexible the adaptation of elected representatives to social change. It took nothing away from the traditional competences of municipalities and enlarged their sphere of intervention as relays of central power. However, the persistence of economic, social and culturl alienation limited the enlargement of the local ruling class while was developing a contradiction between affirmations of national sovereignty and manifestations of a communalism marked by local spirit. In spite of the growing weight of state intervention, the revolutionary dynamic forbid, up to l'an ii, going against the principle of a municipal power associating execution and deliberation. From l'an iii, on the contrary, centralization increased, favoring execution. The disappearance of the province, condemned in 1789 for their archaism as much as by the developing of national ideology, encouraged this evolution
Lemaître, Nicole. "Paroisses du Rouergue flamboyant : le clergé et les paroisses du diocèse de Rodez (1417-1563)." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010606.
Full textKang, Nam-Soo. "La première période de coexistence religieuse en France : entre la paix d’Amboise (mars 1563) et la deuxième guerre de religion (septembre 1567)." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100142.
Full textDate-Tedo, Kiyonobu. "L'histoire religieuse au miroir de la morale laïque au XIXe siècle en France." Phd thesis, Université Charles de Gaulle - Lille III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00310953.
Full textSelon ceux qui l'instaurent, la morale laïque est censée en finir avec la morale religieuse. Mais analytiquement, on peut aussi bien en indiquer plusieurs aspects religieux, y compris quelque continuité avec la morale catholique. En outre, la laïcité française, qui postule bien la séparation des Églises et de l'État, peut même s'avérer religieuse sous certaines conditions. L'histoire des religions, qui, en tant que science moderne, se désolidarise bien de la théologie, en partage aussi à certains égards les schémas de représentation. Même si l'aspect spiritualiste de la morale laïque recule et l'optique christiano-centriste de l'histoire des religions se relativise au début du XXe siècle, le religieux continue de hanter durablement la morale et la science religieuse. C'est aussi le moment où ces dernières trouvent la possibilité de se rejoindre sur un plan nouveau.
Les sociologues du religieux revisitent souvent Durkheim ou Comte, mais ils ne prêtent guère leur plume pour disserter sur les œuvres de Renan. Par ailleurs, si les historiens du christianisme connaissent bien les apports et les limites de ce dernier, ils le situent rarement en revanche par rapport aux sociologues des religions. Enfin, on sait que la sociologie religieuse de Durkheim s'intéresse également à l'élaboration de la morale laïque, mais on n'inscrit guère le nom de Bergson dans cette histoire. C'est pourquoi notre étude sur ces auteurs a-t-elle le souci de les situer les uns par rapport aux autres.
Nous avons l'ambition d'éclaircir l'histoire complexe de la double laïcisation de la morale et des études religieuses, en lisant de près les textes des philosophes mentionnés ci-dessus, en analysant les discours des hommes politiques, en nous immisçant dans l'univers de l'école laïque, et en étudiant l'institutionnalisation des sciences religieuses. Nous en dégagerons la figure de la modernité à la fois laïque et religieuse, dont il est important de repérer les aspects les plus essentiels.
Breton, Yves. "Les Génovéfains en Haute-Bretagne, en Anjou et dans le Maine : une congrégation régulière et ses rapports avec une société provinciale : XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20039.
Full textThe object of this study is to explain how was carried out in Haute-Bretagne, in Maine and Anjou, in the middle of the XVIIth century, the reform of the order of the regular canons of Saint-Augustin and his passage in the Sainte-Geneviève congregation of Paris. It is a question of determining the supports that reformed canons accepted on this occasion or on the contrary the resistances opposed to this movement which falls under the catholic against-reform. Through the analysis of temporal of these abbeys, it is possible to know the organization and the working of the reformed abbeys and the relations which they maintain with the contemporary society until the end of the Ancien Régime. A prosopographic study informs us about the social and geographical origins members of the congregation and about the position of the canons at the time of the taking of the revolutionary oaths
De, Vincentis Lorella. "Les couvents mendiants réformés dans l'espace urbain de la rive droite de Paris." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040241.
Full textThis study analyses the development of the convents of the reformed mendicant order in relation to the development of the city structure in the XVII-XVIII centuries. The location of the convents on the right shore shows that their development was related to the growth of the city. We have examined the mendicant orders from the following points of view: their settlement, their development, their surrounding urban development, their structural, formal and social value. This research has examined the history of the mendicant convents until the XXth century and it has shown that their architectural structure has been lost completely and that newer buildings have taken their place
Commandré, Isabelle. "L'artisanat du verre en Bas‐Languedoc du XVIe au XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3041.
Full textThe modern woodlands glassmaking enjoys a particularly siginifant development in the Lower Languedoc region which benefits from a deeply rooted tradition from the thirteenth century on. However, the ways and structures of production are as yet very poorly documented and the historiography generally gives a picture of a modest network of workshops producing objects for daily use.Based on the additionnal information of written archaeological and archeometrical sources, this study favours the analysis of these factories from eight excavated sites. At first place it gives an approach of the people as well as the surrounding area which shows the formal structuring of this ceramic skillset. About a hundred moderns production centres emerged, grouped together in a number of zones with several workshops near each other. Their extent is limited, on the other hand they indicate a certain autonomy in production. From the smallest unit in the woodlands to the big establishments which resembledl proper village settlements, each site ensured the complete cycle of the operational chain of glass production. Generally, the workshops were a relatively simple infrastructure assembled around two or three furnaces with complementary functions: frit, fusion and annealing furnaces.As a region favourable to the establishment of glassmaking due to the rich resources in raw materials, modern Languedoc produced mainly hollow, concave glass.. Basically their production supplied the province which was the biggest of the kingdom. It is only from the first third of the eighteenth century that this woodland craft industry declined progressively as big coal-fired factories took over
Chopelin, Paul. "Ville patriote et ville martyre : une histoire religieuse de Lyon pendant la Révolution (1788-1805)." Lyon 3, 2006. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2006_in_chopelin_p.pdf.
Full textAs a catholic metropolis of major importance, Lyon is an excellent site for studying both the religious and urban aspects of the French Revolution. The parochial context then changes radically in order to adapt to the evolution of the society. The clergy are less numerous whereas, by force of circumstance, the laity are assigned a more active part in the life of the Church and become real militants. Conversely, during the revolutionary period, a large number of the population detach themselves from Catholicism and, at the same time, emerges an anticlerical opinion, just as militant. The characteristic elements of the contemporary religious scene in Lyon are set up : the public space becomes an area of confrontation between catholic militancy and anticlerical militancy. But, faced with the violence which bathes the city in blood from 1792 until 1795, the population of Lyon also learns to compromise and restrain themselves on both political and religious matters
Astruc, Elisabeth. "L’architecture religieuse rurale en Languedoc Méditerranéen entre la fin VIIIe siècle et le début du XIe siècle (Diocèses d’Agde, Béziers, Lodève, Maguelone et Narbonne)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30039.
Full textRural churches set up between the IXth and the beginning of the XIth century are relatively numerous in Mediterranean Languedoc. The choice of this area that brings together five old bishoprics enables a better understanding of this architecture, relying on a corpus of thirty-five monuments. These buildings are characterized by the simple shape of their plan, made up of an only nave, ended by a quadrangular chevet. This architectural style is not specific to the studied area, it is also observed in Catalonia and Croatia. Researches on sanctuaries first developed though regional archaeological associations and the setting up of several excavations. The study of these constructions finds a new interest through an approach of territory organization during the Early Middle Ages, with a notion of parish network as well as the role of churches among the numerous phenomena of housing concentration (incastellamento and cloistering). The accurate study of the rudimentary structure of these buildings lets us catch a glimpse of the impact of worship practices on space distribution and the importance of an architectonic element: the triumphal arch, preferred stand for sculptures, always discreet
Fischer-Naas, Françoise. "Les assemblées anabaptistes-mennonites de la Haute-Vallée de la Bruche (1708-1870)." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA1057.
Full textAlthough small in number today, mennonites were visibly present in the religious and economic landscape of the Upper Bruche Valley until the decline of the communities which began after the French Revolution. Mennonites from the Bruche come mainly from the Canton of Bern, and speak its dialect. Their attachment to adult baptism and to the teachings of the Bible placed them ad odds with the state churches and in particular with the reformer Zwingli. The authorities from Zurich and Bern persecuted them and pushed them into exile. The Mennonites sought refuge, in particular in Alsace and its Valleys : Sainte Marie-aux-Mines, but also in the Bruche Valley. The French Revolution marks the beginning of the decline of the French Anabaptist communities and also the beginning of an important immigration to the United States. The Upper Bruche Valley, standing between Alsace and Lorraine, is an interesting place to study the sociological, religious and linguistic characteristics of this population, for those characteristics are different from the ones of the catholic and protestant french-speaking population that also live there. Therefore, the matter is not only to study the Mennonites communities in their inner way of functioning, but also to analyse their interactions with the other populations. Throughout diverse and shattered sources, this work will end to a portrait of the anabaptist reality in the Bruche Valley under several perspectives : theological, linguistic, historic, sociologic and prosopographic
Minvielle-Larousse, Nicolas. "l'Age de l'Argent : mines, société et pouvoirs en Languedoc médieval." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0365.
Full textOur thesis in medieval history and archeology concerns the silver mining enterprises (lead, copper, zinc, silver) of the 11th-15th centuries in eastern Languedoc (départements 07, 48, 30, 34, 12). They are analyzed with a technical history approach in order to articulate the process of production with the social organization of work and to question the links that these firms maintain with the authorities
Augier, Jean-Paul. "Protestantisme, républicanisme et laïcité chez les réformés de la Drôme, du Ralliement de 1892 au Front populaire." Paris, EPHE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EPHE5004.
Full textThe Protestants from the Drome are the third most numerous group in the South East of France. Due to historical circumstances, they have a strong cultural identity. Despite their theological diversity, their opponents consider them as a homogenous group showing solidarity. Between the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, they became the victims of an Anti-Protestant campaign. They were accused of being France’s enemy agents and of stealing administrative and political power from the Roman Catholic majority. The anti-protestant sentiment was often associated with anti-semitism. However it was not as strong and it tended to become weaker after the virulent attacks at the 1902 elections. On the other hand, the Protestants from the Drome evinced fierce anti-clericalism and were thereby identified with the Republicans. The connivance declined given the greater influence of the freethinkers within the Radical Party. The controversies between the latter and the Protestants did not jeopardise the support mustered around the Republicans. Nevertheless they advocated the separation between Church and State and the respect of religious freedom. Then they became the vigils of secularity (laïcité). The sacred union allowed to put former oppositions between the different schools of thought into perspective but did not eliminate the controversies. In spite of a population decrease, the Protestant minority kept their cultural difference. Shaken by an awakening, they took a firm stand left-wing until the victory of the Popular Front
Bost, Hubert. "Pierre bayle et la question religieuse dans les "nouvelles de la republique des lettres" (1684-1687)." Montpellier 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON30002.
Full textThe "nouvelles de la republique des lettres" (nrl) includes essentially books reviews. The 629 items (articles or catalogue short notes) of the 36 issues of this publication have been sorted out on a thematical basis. This distribution shows the importance of the religious problem. The present thesis aims at giving a complete treatment of all the fields related to this problem. The themes of pierre bayle's discourse are analysed one by one, in three different directions. 1: theology, bible, church, philosophy, law. 2: fathers, history, spiritual life and ethics, judaism and others religions. 3: immediate history, controversy. This analysis throws light on thechnical difficulties of the corpus, and attempts to replace it in its historical context. Book no2 illustrates the circumstances under which the nrl were edited, giving further details on 1: bayle's former life and the history of journalism; 2: the way the nrl were published, with regard to medium, to readers and to bayle as editor; 3: the position of the nrl in the "european mind crisis" and its influences on bayle's subsequent works. The conclusion views bayle as the archetype of the "intellectual". It also shows the part he took in the general history of "protestantism". The appendix gives the alphabetical list (authors and titles) of books summarized or quoted by bayle in the nrl
Fabas, Philippe. "Aspects de la vie religieuse dans le diocèse de Bayonne : 1905-1965." Bordeaux 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR30008.
Full textThis study brings out the main aspects of religious life in the diocese of bayonne, from the separation of the church and the state in 1905 to vatican ii council. If it deals with religious traditions, different forms of popular piety, the parish deeds, the influence and authority of the clergy, it also tries to bring to light the ecclesiastical answers brought by the diocesan authority in the face of events and crisis that stand out as landmarks in this period. The pastoral choices are dictated by the respect of pontifical instructions and, beyond the diocesan scope, by the politico-religious situation in the country. After the anxiety and distress caused by the separation, the diocese commits itself on a new basis. Lord bishop gieure sets up a policy of "catholic defense". The improvement of relations between the church and the state, the rediscovery of the notion of total devotion, take part in the catholic renaissance of the 30s. But it is mainly after world war ii and under lords bishop terrier's leadership that a powerful, pastoral dynamics comes over and appears in the expansion of the militancy of "action catholique", the liturgical revival and the reform of the structures in the diocese. From 1957 onwards, lord bishop gouyon starts a daring pastoral (launching of diocesan workshops, setting up a pastoral according to areas) which aims at adapting the diocese to the social changes arising at that time. The enthusiastic implementation of the conciliar reforms - especially liturgical - in the diocese is quickly tempered by the crisis that reaches the church : declining religious observance, falling number of ordinations, opposing militants, upheavals of may 1968. . . In spite of sound religious traditions and an important church guidance, religious indifference increases. The diocese finds it difficult to fight against the attacks of modernity
Brian, Isabelle. "Les génovéfains de la Contre-Réforme à la Révolution : étude sociale et culturelle d'une congrégation religieuse à l'époque moderne." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010513.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the study of a french religious congregation in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries : the canons-regular of saintegenevieve, also known as genovefains. The first part of this thesis is concerned with the stages of the reform-process until the establishment of the congregation during the first part of the seventeenth century. From that point of view, official records, correspondence and relations of the reformers has been studied. It has been possible to specify which were actual oppositions and supports in both the laity and the church. This first part draws up the geography of the houses of the congregation. The second part explains the characteristics of the congregation during the seventeenth century through the study of the institutions and the way they worked. The recruitment has been studied socially and geographically. The scholar activity, the action of the canons in the fields of education and ministry have also been studied. The third part deals with the changes induced by the age of enlightenment : the spreading of jansenism, changing in materiel conditions and increasing interest in sciences on the eve of the revolution. Those aspects have been studied from registers, correspondences, memoirs and printed sources
Cousinié, Frédéric. "Maîtres-autels et retables parisiens (1610-1660) : pratiques religieuses et expériences artistiques dans le Paris du XVIIe siècle." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040280.
Full textOne of the major artistic programs of seventeenth century Paris was the construction of fifty or so high altars, built in church sanctuaries of the capital between 1610 and 1660. .
Boudon, Jacques-Olivier. "L'épiscopat français de l'époque concordataire (1802-1905) : origines, formation, désignation." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040305.
Full textThis work is a study of the 515 French bishops of the Concordatory period. The first part deals with the geographical and social origins of the episcopate, then with the intellectual formation in the seminaries and in the theological faculties. The second part studies the careers of the futur bishops, and their religious and political opinions. In the third part, the question is about how they become bishops. The nomination by the French government and the influences of the others bishops and the canonical institution from the pope are analyzed