Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Langues germaniques – Intercompréhension (linguistique)'
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Caure, Mélisandre. "Caractérisation de la transparence lexicale, extension de la notion par ajustements graphophonologiques et microsémantiques, et application aux lexiques de l'anglais, de l'allemand et du néerlandais." Reims, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REIML006.
Full textThe aim of this study is to define lexical transparency, establishing the criteria that a word from a given language must fulfill in order to be considered as potentially understandable to a non-native speaker. The aim is to give a definition of transparency which is both objective and synchronic. We focus our attention on the understanding of languages whose proximity to French is considered as more geographic than genetic. This way, it is possible to study the intercomprehension which arises due to contacts that have existed and still exist between the languages. Thus, we focus on three Germanic languages, English, German and Dutch, and examine their transparency with respect to French. Firstly, we characterize transparency as the property of words which are immediately understandable by beginners. Secondly, we propose an « extended » definition of transparency, including all words which may be understood by learners who would try to understand a text. To this end, we develop methods which allow to play with the form and the meaning of words during the comprehension process. To end this study, we use the theoretical principles to analyse a corpus that contains the 1 000 most frequent lexical words of the three Germanic languages with respect to French, and draw from this analysis quantitative and qualitative conclusions
Schaden, Gerhard Laca Brenda. "La sémantique du parfait étude des "temps composés" dans un choix de langues germaniques et romanes /." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2007. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/schaden_gerhard.pdf.
Full textTrama, Giuliana. "Lecture et lexique : intercompréhension et L2." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100148.
Full textThis thesis analyses reading and vocabulary in L1 and L2, the difficulties of comprehension in foreign languages didactic in relation to intercomprehension (I.C.) among languages of the same origin. Studies on second language reading show that skills in first language don’t involve automatically transmission of strategies from first to second language. From the observation of the workshop of I.C. with the textbook EuRom5-Lire et comprendre cinq langues romanes: português, español, català, italiano, français (2011), we asked ourselves : “How can we help learners to overcome the difficulties of comprehension? Which is the function of : interlinguistic transparency, false friends, and inference in second language and in I.C.? Transposition (a sort of translation in the first language of articles) and think aloud (learner say what he thinks aloud) showed us how to solve lexical blocks. In analysing audio and video recordings of the workshop, some questionnaires pre and post reading and some metalinguistic remarks, it comes out that if learners follow the phases of a methodology of reading that gets away from decoding word by word, they exploit strategies of good reader in first language (dodging difficulties, global data acquisition, inference, context) while reading in L2, L3, L4 and L5. To solve lexical difficulties, they use, among others interlinguistic transparency, segmentation of words, lexical combinations, and phonological code. In conclusion we identified the practices of I.C. which can be held to support better readers in second language comprehension
Webelhuth, Gert. "Principles and parameters of syntactic saturation /." New York ; Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35598907m.
Full textBenazzo, Sandra. "L'acquisition de particules de portée en français, anglais et allemand L2." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081822.
Full textSchaden, Gerhard. "La sémantique du "Parfait". Étude des "temps composés" dans un choix de langues germaniques et romanes." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00143261.
Full textSheveleva, Maria. "Structures syntaxiques et structures sémantiques de l’énoncé : Etude contrastive dans trois langues romanes et une langue slave : français, italien, roumain et russe." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030059.
Full textThe research lead as part of the PhD degree thesis is in keeping with the general problematic of the relation between the syntactic structure and the semantic structure of the phrase. We consider different types of constructions in three Roman languages, French, Italian, and Rumanian and a Slavonic language, Russian. Our research is based on a contrastive analysis of translations of literary texts. We also make the comparison between translations of several novels of the XXth century, from one language to the three others. A list of concorded examples permits us to observe how each translation reports differently a same referential meaning. Each language elaborates the transmission of how each person experiences the world, which depends on specific semantic and syntactic choices. The translations study shows different procedures and their usage frequencies in each language. We propose to define to which extent these different configurations are imposed by language structures or by translator’s subjective choices. This research will help to enlighten multiple aspects alike to enrich languages typology
Gacia, Emilie. "Enseignement apprentissage en intercompréhension intégrée au Cycle 3 : enjeux, fonctionnement et compétences." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0371/document.
Full textFor a long time, primary education has overlooked the students' languages and cultures of origin. An exploration of the conclusions of research in the field of language didactics, and more specifically pluralistic approaches establishes that the didactisation of language interaction/language contact helps in building a metalinguistic reflection that can facilitate fresh learning in a foreign language or in the language in which the child is being educated. At last, a study of the evolution ofFrench school curricula can show us the way for opening schools to multilingualism, in conformity with European Union directives. Intercomprehension between related languages is shown to be a modality of learning that facilitates the comprehension and the way different languages work, especially if the learning process organizes the integration of these languages. We will describe the methodology and the stakes of integrated intercomprehension in romance languages. An experiment has been conducted with two classes of CM1-CM2/last grades of Middle School during science classes, using integrated intercomprehension with the help of the schoolbook Euromania, as well as, in one of the classes, the intercultural-approach based Comparons nos langues. The goal was to observe to which direction this experiment contributed to the evolution of the students' linguistic representations, to the development of linguistic competence and to the invention of strategies of understanding. We will present the benefits of integrated intercomprehension and intercultural approaches to language learning and to learning in other subjects, to multilingualism, and to the well-being of learners, conducive to more successfullearning
Déprez, Sandrine. "Incidence d'une formation en intercompréhension sur l'acquisition de compétences en français et autres langues étrangères dans un contexte scolaire (lycée)." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENL007/document.
Full textInvestigators have been working on Intercomprehension for about twenty years. However, so far, there has not been any real assessment of the impact of this new methodological approach on the foreign language skills of students who have undergone such courses. This thesis aims to analyse the effects that a plurilingual course on line may have on the acquisition of language skills, especially the acquisition of a target language (French) by school students in Barcelona. In order to test the hypothesis that such a course may enhance students' skills both in the languages of the training course and in French, the chosen methodology implied the drafting of an (almost) experimental protocol designed for the students of a school in Barcelona. This protocol involved having a group of students participate in one of the training sessions set up on the Galanet platform, integrating it to their school teachings and including the drawing-up of different tests carried out before and after the course. Moreover, each student had to describe their language profile at the beginning of the training. Each test contains the same type of exercises, focusing on the same skills, and for each situation (either initial or final), there is one test on documents written in French and another on documents (written) in other romance languages (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian and Occitan - from the Vivarois region-). The skills' targets are as follows: textual coherence/cohesion, global and accurate comprehension, the identification of the degree of perception of interculturality, translation/reformulation, segmentation and the identification/ implementation of a speech model. All the data collected during the tests have been subject to both quantitative and qualitative analyses, and complemented by statistic processing, especially when correlations had to be made. At the same time the semi-automatic processing of the corpus of messages that was carried out using the Calico platform helped determine the degree of intercomprehensive interactivity (taking into account the code-switching in a bi/plurilingual context) of the messages posted on the forum during the plurilingual training course. This twofold analysis, based on concrete experiential data made it possible to conduct a case study and to determine, through the longitudinal study of their different results, if undergoing a training course in intercomprehension in a satisfactory way in terms of participation has a positive influence on the acquisition of the skills assessed by the tests, on which particular skill and how
Labbé, Grégoire. "Fondements linguistiques et didactiques de l'intercompréhension slave : le cas des langues slaves de l'ouest et du sud-ouest." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF015/document.
Full textWith our thesis, we intend to lay out the linguistic and didactic foundations necessary for the future elaboration of a program or a method in Slavic intercomprehension by taking the example of the Western and the South-Western Slavic languages and in providing a linguistic analysis of three languages: Czech, Slovene and Croatian.In our work, we seek mainly to provide two elements:- A series of linguistic hypotheses aimed at determining the points to be taught in an intercomprehension method concerning Czech, Slovene and Croatian;- A presentation of programs and support in intercomprehension didactics realized and tested as part of our curriculum.In our work, we find that the didactics of Slavic intercomprehension differs in many ways from classical learning. In the case of intercomprehension, many points that are normally heavy and complex to master may be only passed through quickly.Thanks to our linguistical and didactical analyzes, we have been able to provide a reflection on one of the forms that Slavic intercomprehension formation can take in the future. We particularly recommend the use of online resources, for example via the website www.rozrazum.eu, developed as a part of this thesis to test activities following the methodology made for Eurom 5 (Bonvino et al., 2001). This website can initially be used as a test and development platform for didactical approaches, while being functional, and therefore available to a public of learners
Lefèvre, Élodie. "Pratiques et conceptions de l'intercompréhension en classe de cycle 3 et 4, de l'intuition à la didactisation : étude de cas d'élèves bilingues français-occitan." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20112.
Full textAt the moment, languages are still tightly tied against each other, and Ronjat's method of "one person = one language" seems to act as a law. This is contrasted with the new methods of teaching, notably with the teaching of plurilingualism, which envisages the teaching and learning of languages and cultures in a pluralistic way, and in which a particular intention is placed on the language repertoire of the learners.It is in this context that our research has been written. The aim of this study was to demonstrate empirically that French-Occitan bilingual pupils are favoured when they are learning a new language (English and / or Spanish); on the other hand, to attest that the teaching of the contact of languages could make it possible to improve and / or consolidate the competences of these bilinguals by intuition and / or awareness of synergies, ties, relationships, and so on which exist between the languages belonging to the same family (that of the Romance languages with French, Occitan and Spanish). From this study it is concluded that it is not so much the bilingual or monolingual mode of teaching that favours or not the contact of languages and its teaching, but the teaching practices. Although teachers of bilingual classes will be more accustomed to this type of contact of languages, their teaching is still relatively punctual and the intercomprehension is not operationalized
Piccoli, Vanessa. "Interactions plurilingues entre locuteurs romanophones : de l'analyse à une réflexion didactique sur l’intercompréhension en langues romanes." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2047/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on oral communication between speakers of different Romance languages in a plurilingual professional context. By relying on the methodology and theoretical principles of conversation analysis, I present the analysis of an audio-visual corpus, which I collected in three international trade fairs, in France and Italy. The main goal of this research is to study a dimension which remains relatively unexplored so far in the field of Romance intercomprehension: plurilingual oral interactions in situation of spontaneous communication.The thesis opens with a theoretical framework related to intercomprehension teaching and conversation analysis, and a data presentation, and then unfolds through three analytic chapters. In the first one, I describe the characteristics of interactions in trade fairs – a work context that had not yet been studied in conversation analysis – by relying on single cases from the three corpora. Then, I present a systematic analysis of negotiation and renegotiation explicit and implicit practices found in the data, and an examination of participants’ speech about their linguistic (in)competences. Finally, I focus on some interactional micro phenomena that are recurrent in Romance speakers’ communication: ad hoc use of mother tongue for the formulation of proper names and numbers, and for word searches; a type of other-repetition that I propose to call “plurilingual repetition”; metalinguistic sequences that show the participants’ interest towards the language of their interlocutor. Finally, by relying on these analyses, I develop a teaching-oriented reflexion, based on the notion of interactional competence, which aims to contribute to the progress of the research on Romance intercomprehension
Chang, Shoou-Huey. "Der Rückgang des synthetischen Präteritums im Jiddischen kontrastiv zum Deutschen /." Hamburg : H. Buske, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388781204.
Full textRichard, Isabelle. "Valeurs essentielles des modaux dans le discours juridique en anglais." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030108.
Full textLegal English is characterised by a high number of modal auxiliaries -most verb phrases contain a modal- which are organised very specifically, not to say hierarchically. Some modals are needed in some contexts, others may be substituted by another modal under certain conditions. Modal forms other than modals are rarely used, but when they are they convey different interpretations. Because of this leading presence, to identify the exact meaning of modals is necessary to fully understand legal texts. As their meanings are based upon those of the ancient verbs they derive from, constant diachronic references are made. The corpus is exclusively composed of written material from the major English speaking countries and international bodies, and contains 14, 600 occurrences of modals. It is concerned with public law only
Ayer, Dorothée. "L'intercompréhension entre langues distantes. Quelles pratiques ? Quelle formation ? Le cas d'une Haute école spécialisée bilingue en Suisse." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA026/document.
Full textThis doctoral research is interested in the practice of intercomprehension in an officially bilingual context: a department of a university of applied sciences in Switzerland. The languages used in exchanges between members of the school (lecturers, students, employees) are German and French, according to the ‘each speaks their own language’ principle, based on the practices of the Swiss federal administration. Languages in presence are distant, in contrast with the languages from the same family. This communication mode requires from the participants receptive skills in the other language as well as general communicative competence to interact in a bilingual context.The objective of this study is to understand how the participants in a bilingual meeting choose the language(s) in which to communicate. The question is whether the ‘each speaks their own language’ principle is respected or if one language dominates the meetings. In this case, various parameters influence the choice of the language. Several meetings at this department were recorded in order to observe the distribution of languages used in a professional communication context. This corpus of meetings was supplemented by semi-structured interviews with members of the department.The institution offers degree programmes in German and in French and in that way encourages bilingualism in the students. Furthermore, bilingual communication is also the objective in a bilingual language module, uniting French- and German-speaking students, in which, contrary to the practice of intercomprehension, learners expresses themselves in the target language. Such a module questions the pedagogic approach adopted by lecturers and the communication strategies developed by students. The impact of this module, observed over three years, was studied using module documents, audio-visual recordings of student performance and reflexive texts written by the students. To ensure the success of communication in this bilingual context, the interlocutors, both native and non-native speakers, adapt their speech and use strategies, while mining their multilingual repertoire, in professional or educational contexts
Diese Doktorarbeit untersucht die Praxis der Interkomprehension im offiziell zweisprachigen Kontext einer Schweizer Fachhochschule. Die von den Lehrpersonen, Studierenden und Mitarbeitenden verwendeten Sprachen sind Deutsch und Französisch. Sie werden nach dem Prinzip "jeder und jede spricht die eigene Sprache" angewendet, analog zur Praxis in der Schweizer Bundesverwaltung. Deutsch (germanische Sprache) und Französisch (romanische Sprache) stammen nicht aus dem gleichen Zweig der indogermanischen Sprachfamilie und sind folglich nicht nah verwandt. Diese Art zu kommunizieren verlangt von den Teilnehmenden deshalb ausgeprägte rezeptive Kompetenzen in der Partnersprache sowie auch kommunikative Kompetenzen, um in diesem zweisprachigen Kontext interagieren zu können.Diese Studie hat zum Ziel zu verstehen, wie die Teilnehmenden an einer zweisprachigen Sitzung ihre Sprache(n) wählen, um zu kommunizieren. Es soll aufgezeigt werden, ob das Prinzip "jeder und jede in der eigenen Sprache" respektiert wird oder ob eine Sprache den Austausch beherrscht. Verschiedene Parameter beeinflussen hier die Sprachwahl. Um die Verteilung der Sprachverwendung im beruflichen Kontext zu untersuchen, wurden Sitzungen aufgezeichnet. Dieser Korpus wurde mit Leitfadeninterviews ergänzt, die mit Mitarbeitenden der Fachhochschule geführt wurden. Die Schule führt Sprachkurse in Deutsch und Französisch durch und fördert so die Zweisprachigkeit der Studierenden. Die zweisprachige Kommunikation wird auch im Rahmen eines zweisprachigen Sprachkurses mit deutsch- und französischsprachigen Studierenden vermittelt. Im Gegensatz zur Praxis der Interkomprehension drücken sich die Lernenden hier aber in der Zielsprache aus. Bei so einem Kurs interessieren einerseits die von den Lehrpersonen verwendeten Methoden und andererseits die von den Studierenden entwickelten Kommunikationsstrategien. Die Wirkung dieses Kurses wurde über drei Jahre hinweg mit Hilfe der Kursunterlagen, von Audioaufnahmen und Lernreflexionstexten der Studierenden untersucht. Um in diesem zweisprachigen Kontext erfolgreich zu kommunizieren, passen die Sprechenden, ob Muttersprachler oder nicht, ihren Diskurs an. Sie legen sich Strategien zurecht und schöpfen aus ihrem mehrsprachigen Repertoire, sei es nun im beruflichen oder im Lernkontext
Petersen, Jette Milberg. "Choix linguistiques au sein d'un réseau social d'entreprise internationale, et enjeux de l'Intercompréhension." Thesis, Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA080023.
Full textWe find in international enterprises a number of exolingual communication : communicationis necessary yet the speakers do not posses all the necessary linguistic means. In fact, thesesituations can lead to insecurity or damaging communication failures, and despite thepresence of a large number of languages, multilingual situations function against what issometimes called “little” ones. The analyses of linguistic choices in Company's SocialNetwork, permits us to highlight the user’s interest in alternatives to these language conflicts.Consideration of the written dimension can analyse the major elements of a process of mutualunderstanding: the writer writes a text in his mother tongue (“endolingual” situation), thereceiver must develop a reflexive competence of understanding the text (“exolingual”situation). This is done based on attention to a range of indices from various types ofknowledge about language families. The receiver in turn will then answer in his referencelanguage. “Linguistic bridges” enable a different rearrangement of production and reception,expression and understanding. In addition, it leads to putting in place different modes ofrelations between the interlocutors. The follow up of users of CSN makes it possible to modelnew exchange protocols : the company’s social network can become an informal learning tooland on the job training through languages, a means of self-worth, a tool to develop new skillsfor the individual, the group, and the company itself
Goudin, Yoann. "L'intercompréhension en langues sinogrammiques : théories, représentations, enjeux, et modalités d'une didactique de la variation." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCF035.
Full textThis doctoral thesis analyzes the current teaching and learning models among languages that were, and still are, in contact with the Chinese script, and that retain this influence in their modern lexicon : the sinogramic languages. This thesis asserts that such a course can be designed through a complete didactic reformulation of how to teach sinograms, not only in their graphic dimension, but also their phonological identity, in order for the student to imagine pronouncing a sinogram in the target-language according to his/her understanding of an already acquired 'bridge-language'. The thesis is divided into three parts. First, there is an epistemological discussion of the European approach to Chinese language and script, with the sole graphic - «ideographic» - focus, which shadowed traditional phonological practices. Next, the design of an alternative approach is proposed in which sinogram-based learning is not rooted in the so called concentrated approach, according to which sinogram types are selected in order of their frequency and adaptability within the contemporary lexicon. This alternative approach is discussed based on the training of the sinogramic system as a whole: the global approach. Finally, the main process for mutual understanding, which is called sinogramic transposition, is introduced to show how students can be trained to understand and produce readings of sinograms in the target-language
Politi, Romalea. "Politiques et stratégies en faveur du plurilinguisme à l’école : utilisation des Nouvelles Technologies et des approches par l'intercompréhension des langues." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040262.
Full textThe permanent contact between languages and cultural identities is an incontrovertible evolution that results from the last few years’ increase in the population mobility. It brings an evolution in the composition of societies that involves a linguistic education which is adapted in the people’s need for plural communication. Interlinguistic alliances and intercomprehension of several languages are strategies that promote pluringuism and permit to settle the disputes resulting from intercultural and interlinguistic shocks. Metacognitive transversal skills and the polyvalent intellectual abilities developed by these plurilingual strategies seem to be perfectly adapted in the needs of our globalized society which demands abilities of strategic reflection in order to facilitate solving intercultural problems
Dufour, Marion. "Mode de structuration et modélisation du répertoire langagier : contribution pour la formation des enseignants de langues à une didactique du plurilinguisme." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05H017.
Full textThis research aims at highlighting the structuration of the verbal repertoire, which is a sociolinguistic concept introduced by ethnographer of communication John Gumperz in the sixties, with the view to raising language teachers’awareness on this notion. Indeed, verbal repertoire has become a core concept in didactic of plurilingualism which has been developed in Europe over the past two decades, and whose goal is the development of a plurilingual and pluricultural competence. Thus, in the first part of this work, I set out to better understand the structuration of verbal repertoire, assuming that an intermediate level consisting of registers lies between linguistic forms and communicative forms. I then proposed an action-research project with the aim of shaping a verbal repertoire model. This exploratory research involved 12 students carrying out graduate studies in sociolinguistics at the University of Rouen, already acquainted with verbal repertoire notion, and whose goal is to teach French as a foreign language. This educational setting comprised two parts. The first part required a reflective approach by the students who had to propose a graphic representation of their own verbal repertoire; the second part was more analytical, and should raise their awareness about the concept of registers, by analysing extracts of John Gumperz’s article (1964) in which he clarifies the structuration of the verbal repertoire. Each part of the action-research consisted of operating intellectual sequences aiming at bringing out students’representations and questioning them. Indeed, examining ways of structuring the verbal repertoire necessarily means developing a self-awareness of language behaviour about everyday communication. Thus, students were encouraged to step back from an abstract conception of language to adopt a more concrete point of view exploring language practices. This paradigm shift had been very challenching for the students, as social representations are built on stereotypical primitive ideas (Py, 2000:6) circulating in the social circles, not on the observation of language practices. Moreover, both the use of generic names regarding languages on the one hand, which covers and conceals the plurality of language practices and at the same time the plural identity of individuals; and on the other hand, the linguistic approach taken by most of the educative tools, such as dictionaries, method books, grammars, confirm the representation of well bounded and clearly defined languages. Thus, speeches provided by student regarding their graphic representation of their verbal repertoires and the course content, show that they are receptive to the linguistic diversity around them, they are aware of accommodating to others while interacting in certain circumstances and making language choices to adjust to the formality of the situation, and make distinctions between different linguistic varieties especially diatopic and diastratic variations
Wang-Szilas, Jue. "Les enjeux de l’intégration de l’eTandem en didactique des langues-cultures étrangères : interactions entre apprenants et dynamique institutionnelle dans un dispositif universitaire sino-francophone." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INAL0009/document.
Full textBased on a Chinese-French eTandem course initiated and developed by the University of Geneva (Switzerland) and the University of Hubei (China) over five years, this thesis tackles two issues: instructional design of the course and co-construction of competences through the realization of the roles of expert (native speaker) and learner (non-native speaker). On the one hand, our research shows that the course design should take into account the influence of the institutional requirements, teaching methods and the educational cultures on students’ motivation, strategies, and performance. On the other hand, we analyse interactions between learners, which present varying organisational styles. Thanks to the institutionalisation of the eTandem course, the « didactical characteristics » identified in their interaction mobilizes technological and intercultural resources related to the learning process. We show particularly how problem-solving strategies (negotiation of meaning and form) are extended and enriched by new technologies