Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lantanidi'
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Sartor, Federica <1988>. "Sintesi di complessi fotoluminescenti dei lantanidi con il legante tris(benzotriazolil)borato." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2034.
Full textTaffarel, Luca <1989>. "Sintesi e luminescenza di nuovi composti polimetallici contenenti lantanidi ed elementi di transizione." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/6190.
Full textReolon, Andrea <1989>. "Impiego di chelanti ossigeno-donatori per la sintesi di nuovi complessi luminescenti dei lantanidi." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/6046.
Full textZanella, Alessandra <1975>. "Sintesi e caratterizzazione di composti organometallici di titanio, zirconio, afnio e lantanidi per la polimerizzazione di olefine." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/494.
Full textBianchin, Elena <1985>. "SINTESI E CARATTERIZZAZIONE DI COMPLESSI DI ELEMENTI DEL GRUPPO 3 E DEI LANTANIDI CON LA BASE CONIUGATA DELLA NITROMALONALDEIDE." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2782.
Full textRoppa, Stefania <1989>. "sintesi e caratterizzazione di complessi dei lantanidi con le basi coniugate di malonaldeide, bromomalonaldeide e nitromalonaldeide. Studio delle proprietà elettrochimiche e della fotoluminescenza." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3475.
Full textSimoncelli, Alice. "Sintesi e caratterizzazione di metallo-esacianometallati per il recupero di terre rare." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8548/.
Full textD'Angelo, Stefania <1966>. "Studio della biologia, morfologia ed ecologia di tre popolazioni di testuggine palustre siciliana Emys trinacris (Fritz et al., 2005) : valutazione della presenza di lantanidi e caratterizzazione genetica." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3042.
Full textEmys trinacris, in Sicily is still present in a number of wetlands, with populations that are sometimes different from each other, on morphometric characters (Fritz et al., 2006) so as to suggest a survey designed to determine the causes of this variability. This study, with a multidisciplinary approach, took the moves from an examination of morphometric characters of the species under investigation in three distinct sites (Chapter 1), which in the past had found some morphometric variability (Fritz et al., 2006). He then went looking for reasons which justify the observed variability and has tried to do it with a genetic approach (Chapter 3), using the study of the chemistry of the ecosystem (Chapter 2). To conduct this part of the study it was decided to use the lanthanides, chemical elements that are, on the one hand due to the characteristics of human pressure areas investigated, and the other able to be accumulated within the tissues of the organisms studied.
ARTIZZU, FLAVIA. "Light conversion processes in lanthanide-based molecular materials." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266857.
Full textZanoni, Ilaria. "Incapsulamento di complessi organometallici e lantanoidei con silice e sviluppo come traccianti di supporti ceramici." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/11904/.
Full textTraina, Anna <1979>. "Contributo allo studio del chimismo degli otoliti di Dicentrarchus labrax di allevamento : l’otolite come possibile tracciante ambientale." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1102.
Full textIn this work we studied the chemical composition of otoliths of cultured Dicentrarchus labrax in order to verify the possible use of otoliths as environmental tracers. Specimens were sampled from two Sicilians farms with different characteristics: the farm "Ittica Trappeto" located in the Gulf of Castellammare (North Coast) and “ Sicilttica "Licata (South Coast). The first is an off-shore farm where the tanks are placed far from the coast, in a area characterized by high hydrodynamism. The second one is an in-shore farm where the tanks are located inside the port where the water is certainly much more limited. Particularly, we analyzed concentrations of Sr, Fe, Mg, Ba, Cd, Mn and Zn using ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spettrometry); ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled plasma Mass Spectrometry) were used for determination of Rare Elements (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, GY, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu). Were also analyzed samples of water and food from the two farms. Results show that concentrations of Sr in the otoliths have a similar range of distribution and not significantly differ between the two farms. Fe, Mg, Mn and Cd show, however, higher concentrations in Licata and Zn is the only element witht an higher values in the otoliths from Trappeto. Chemical analysis of food shows an higher concentration of Fe, Mg, Mn and Zn in samples of Licata. Trappeto water is enriched mainly in Fe and Zn than that of Licata. Our results may suggest that the uptake in the otoliths of elements such Fe, Mg, Mn and Cd is influenced either from the high concentration of them in sea water or in the food and from an higher metabolic rate of cultured fishes. All the elements, except Sr, seems to be influenced by physical-chemical parameters that control water properties in the farm. On the contrary, distribution of Sr within otolith, is probably controlled by the preferential incorporation into the Ca sites, and so in the then the Aragonite structure. Elevated concentration of Zn in the otoliths of Trappeto can be explained by the anthropogenic sources. Indeed in the Gulf of Castellammare there is a industrial sites (distillery) that release their waste into the sea. The study of distribution of Rare Elements showed that the "seawater-like pattern of otoliths of Trappeto suggest the possible use of otolith as a proxy for the study of the chemistry of Rare Elements in seawater. Furthermore Ce anomalies gave indications of oxygenation conditions in the two farms. The study of chemistry of otoliths allowed to distinguish the specimens among the two farms (Licata and Trappeto) suggesting that the distribution of trace elements in biogenic carbonates, may be a useful environmental tracer. This study is part of a broader research on the study of the otoliths considered as important indicators of the “life history” of fish species. We believe, however, that further studies are required with the aim to verify the possible relationship between the variables of water (salinity, temperature and chemistry of the environment), food composition and chemical composition of otolith also in order to use the same otoliths for monitoring environmental conditions for breeding.
SETZ, LUIZ F. G. "Processamento coloidal de cromito de lantanio." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11522.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
MAZZONE, EMILIANO. "Un approccio completo alla rilevazione di gas nocivi." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/480.
Full textThe research project discussed within this thesis was split into two main lines: • realization of a database on the state of the art of gas sensors; • development of innovative sensors prototypes for carbon monoxide and DMMP detection. The strategy behind the above separation was to perform a comprehensive approach to dangerous gases detection, starting from a profound analysis of the state-of-the-art to designing and testing prototypes to implement new transduction techniques for detecting the analytes with high sensibility. Realization of the database required defining the model of information and implementing the architecture that up to now contains more that 1000 descriptive files concerning the most popular transduction techniques for gas analysis. The second activities line was aimed at developing CO and DMMP sensors prototypes. Carbon Monoxide was selected as a target mainly due to its high toxicity, which claims for better detecting systems. The innovative approach to CO sensing was based on a biomimetic technology which uses the high affinity of iron ions towards CO molecules for enhancing the sensor’s sensitivity and selectivity. The sensing layers were Fe-porphyrins, analogous the basic compounds of haemoglobin. Then, the research line intended to use the biological effect of CO poisoning to develop a new kind of sensor. The selected transduction technique is based on mass changes, thus using QMB devices for sensing. The preliminary results where good enough that an industrial demo unit has been realized with the objective of becoming the starting point for further industrial development. One of the main application areas of such a device can be envisaged in assessing the exposure to unknown amounts of CO during work activities. The second target compound was chosen according to two main considerations: first of all because of its large industrial use, then because of its chemical properties a simulant of the nerve agent Sarin. The composition of the sensitive layers (complexes of lanthanide ions), was chosen as a consequence of preliminary studies of the interaction mechanisms between lanthanide complexes and chemical compounds containing a P=O group. The transduction elements were Surface Acoustic Wave devices (SAW) that allowed implementing a mass change technique. Also the results of this study were encouraging enough, even though some additional work on controlling the environmental parameters and experimental conditions should be done. Then, great attention was devoted to studying the feasibility of biosensors based on amino acids and QMB, for detecting CO and DMMP. These experiments, carried out using an electronic nose, showed that this approach is promising for obtaining highly sensitive, selective and stable sensors. Finally, the goals have been reached with satisfactory results and a commercial exploitation of the prototypes, from the database to the biosensing devices, can be envisaged with a certain degree of confidence. The activities developed during this PhD course have been carried out within the frame of the “Innovative Materials and Technologies for Advanced Sectors” Industrial innovation project, in cooperation within the Centro Sviluppo Materiali S.p.A.
Dubnikova, Natalija. "Lantanoidų aliuminio granatų sintezė zolių-gelių metodu ir apibūdinimas." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20111227_091925-69194.
Full textThe development and application of advanced materials is a very important task of today's information society. Garnet crystal structure compounds because of their specific physical and chemical properties are widely used in information technology, manufacturing of solid-state lasers and optical equipments, medical equipments and many other areas. Therefore, these materials because of their unique properties and characteristics are of high interest so far. For the first time Ce-Al-O, Pr-Al-O, Nd-Al-O, Tb-Al-O, Dy-Al-O, Ho-Al-O, Er-Al-O, Tm-Al-O, Yb-Al-O, Lu-Al-O, Y(Nd)-Al-O and Y(Sm)-Al-O acetate-nitrate-glycolate gels have been synthesized using environmentally friendly, economical and simple aqueous sol-gel method. They were used as starting materials for the synthesis of appropriate lanthanide aluminium garnets. The results of X-ray difraction analysis have indicated that single-phase terbium aluminium garnet (Tb3Al5O12), dysprosium aluminium garnet (Dy3Al5O12), holmium aluminium garnet (Ho3Al5O12), erbium aluminium garnet (Er3Al5O12), thulium aluminium garnet (Tm3Al5O12), ytterbium aluminium garnet (Yb3Al5O12) and lutetium aluminium garnet (Lu3Al5O12) have been synthesized by annealing Tb-Al-O, Dy-Al-O, Ho-Al-O, Er-Al-O, Tm-Al-O, Yb-Al-O and Lu-Al-O precursor gels for 10 hours at 1000 °C, respectively. For the first time these garnet structure compounds were synthesized using sol-gel method. Moreover, these lanthanide aluminium garnets were synthesized at relatively low... [to full text]
Marques, Rodrigo Fernando Costa [UNESP]. "Manganita de lantânio dopada com estrôncio obtida por coprecipitação homogênea: magnetorresistência e magnetorrefletividade." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102595.
Full textManganita de lantânio dopada com estrôncio (La1-xSrxMnO3) tem recebido atenção da comunidade científica por apresentar propriedades elétricas e magnéticas, com funções para sensores de campo, catalisadores, eletrodos em células combustíveis, entre outras. A substituição de La3+ por Sr2+ resulta em uma transição de um estado isolante antiferromagnético para um estado metálico ferromagnético em composições de x³0,17 com valência mista Mn3+-Mn4+ responsável pelos portadores de carga. Na presença de campo magnético externo as manganitas dopadas exibem a propriedade magnetoresistência negativa gigante (GMR) e a resistividade do material varia com a temperatura e com o campo magnético aplicado. Este trabalho descreve a síntese de nanopartículas de La1-xSrxMnO3 (x=0,1; 0,2 e 0,3) pelo método da coprecipitação homogênea usando uréia como agente precipitante. Neste método, novos ligantes, tais como NH4 +, OH- e CO3 2-, podem substituir as moléculas de água nas posições de coordenação delas com os íons metálicos. Este método leva a uma nucleação homogênea prevenindo o crescimento das partículas precursoras. A dependência da magnetização DC com a temperatura para as amostras La1-xSrxMnO3 (x=0,1; 0,2 e 0,3) forneceu valores de temperatura crítica (TC) iguais a 140 K, 316 K e 357 K, respectivamente. A dependência da resistividade elétrica com a temperatura para pastilhas destes materiais apresentaram a transição metal-isolante e os valores encontrados para TC são similares aos valores de TC observados em monocristais destas manganitas. Espectroscopia infravermelho foi realizada para estudar as propriedades de transporte...
Lanthanum strontium-doped manganite (La1-xSrxMnO3) has attracted renewed attention at present due to the observation of interesting electrical and magnetic properties such as a giant negative magnetoresistance (GMR), catalytic, oxygen cathode reduction, field-sensing, among others. The substitution of La3+ ions by Sr2+ results in a transition from antiferromagnetic insulating state to a ferromagnetic metallic state at x ³ 0.17 with a Mn3+-Mn4+ mixed valence state responsible for the mobile charge carriers. This work describes the La1-xSrxMnO3 (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) nanoparticle synthesis by the homogenous coprecipitation method using urea as precipitant agent. In this method, some new ligands like NH4+, OH- and CO3 2- can substitute the water molecules coordinating the metallic ions. This method allows the homogenous nucleation and prevents the particle precursors to grow. The temperature dependence of DC magnetization of the samples La1-xSrxMnO3 and critical temperature (TC) values were found to be 140 K, 316 K and 357 K, respectively for x = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3. Temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity exhibits a metalinsulator transition at Tc in pellet samples and Tc values were found to be similar to those observed in single crystals of these manganitas. Infrared spectroscopy was performed to study spin dependent transport properties using the magnetorefractive effect (MRE), which probes the change of reflection in the infrared (IR) spectral region due to the change in electrical conductivity in the presence of a magnetic field. In the IR spectral region, the free carrier dispersion mechanism often dominates and MRE have been used to study intraband transitions of the conduction...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
FRANCA, YONE V. "Caracterizacao de ceramicas de zirconia-lantania processadas pela tecnica dos citratos." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1999. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10712.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
Quintella, Solange Assun??o. "S?ntese, caracteriza?ao e propriedades catalicas da peneira molecular nanoestruturada modificada com lantanio." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17726.
Full textCoordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The nanostructured molecular sieve SBA-15 was synthesized by the hydrothermal method, and modified with lanthanum with Si/La molar ratios of 25, 50, 75 and 100. The materials were evaluated as catalysts for the cracking of n-hexane model reaction. Type SBA- 15 and LaSBA-15 mesoporous materials were synthesized using tetraetilortosilicato as a source of silica, hydrochloric acid, heptahydrate lanthanum chloride and distilled water. Pluronic P123 triblock. polymer was used as structure template. The syntheses were carried out by 72 hours. The obtained SBA-15 samples were previously analyzed by thermogravimetry, in order to check the conditions of calcination for removal of organic template. Then, the calcined materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, adsorption and desorption of nitrogen, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis by dispersive energy. The acidity of the samples was determined using adsorption of n-bulinamina and desorption followed by thermogravimetry. It was found that the hydrothermal synthesis method was suitable for the synthesis of the SBA-15 mesoporous materials, with an excellent degree of hexagonal ordering. The reactions of catalytic cracking of n-hexane were carried out using a fixed bed continuous flow microreactor, coupled on-line to a gas chromatograph. From the catalytic evaluation, it was observed that the mesoporous materials containing lanthanum showed different results for the reaction of cracking of nhexane compared to the unmodified mesoporous material SBA-15. As a result of cracking was obtained as main products hydrocarbons in the range of C1 to C5. The catalyst that showed better properties in relation to the acidity and catalytic activity was LaSBA-15 with the ratio Si/La = 50
A peneira molecular nanoestruturada SBA-15 foi sintetizada pelo m?todo hidrot?rmico, e modificada com lant?nio com raz?es molares Si/La de 25, 50, 75 e 100. Os materiais obtidos foram avaliados como catalisador para a rea??o modelo de craqueamento de n-hexano. Os materiais mesoporosos tipo SBA-15 e LaSBA-15 foram sintetizados utilizando tetraetilortosilicato, como fonte de s?lica, ?cido clor?drico, cloreto de lant?nio heptahidratado e ?gua destilada. Como direcionador estrutural foi utilizado copol?mero tribloco Pluronic P123. As s?nteses foram realizadas durante 72 horas. As amostras de SBA-15 modificadas foram avaliadas por termogravimetria para verificar as condi??es de calcina??o para remo??o do direcionador org?nico. Ap?s a retirada do direcionador as amostras de SBA-15 modificadas com diversas raz?es Si/La (25, 50, 75 e 100) foram caracterizadas por an?lises por difra??o de raios-X, espectroscopia na regi?o do infravermelho, adsor??o e dessor??o de nitrog?nio, microscopia eletr?nica de varredura e microan?lise de raios X por energia dispersiva. A acidez das amostras foi determinada utilizando adsor??o de n-bulinamina seguido de dessor?ao por termogravimetria. Verificou-se que o m?todo de s?ntese hidrot?rmica foi adequado ? s?ntese dos materiais mesoporosos modificados com excelente grau de ordena??o hexagonal. As rea??es de craqueamento catal?tico do n-hexano foram realizadas em um microreator catal?tico de leito fixo com fluxo cont?nuo acoplado em linha com um cromat?grafo a g?s. A partir da avalia??o catal?tica, foi observado que os materiais mesoporosos contendo lant?nio foram mais ativos que o SBA-15, para a rea??o de craqueamento do n-hexano, obtendo-se como produto hidrocarbonetos na faixa de C1 a C5. O catalisador que apresentou melhores propriedades, em rela??o ? acidez e a atividade catal?tica foi o sintetizado com a raz?o Si/La=50
BABETTO, LUCA. "Investigazioni teoriche di parametri di emissione dipendenti dalla temperatura in termometri molecolari a base di ioni lantanoidei." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3447535.
Full textIn this Ph.D. thesis, centred around the study of lanthanide-based luminescent mo-lecular systems with applications in thermometry, several high-level quantistic calculation techniques have been explored; these have been applied to determine parameters and molecular characteristics, which are useful for the comprehension of the underlying mechanisms defining the temperature dependence of the optical properties. After a brief introduction in which the general nature of the systems is discussed, theoretical bases of numerical simulations are illustrated; scientific articles published on international journals with peer review and describing the theoretical modeling results are also included. Theoretical tools obtained from these studies allow not only to rationalise the optical characteristics of the investigated systems, but also to predict the behaviour of systems which have not yet been char-acterised.
GUEDES, e. SILVA CECILIA C. "Estudo de sinterizacao de nitreto de silicio com adicoes dos oxidos de lantanio, gadolinio e aluminio." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2000. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10808.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
FAVARO, DEBORA I. T. "Estudo do comportamento de alguns lantanidios nas extracoes com misturas binarias de acido DI-(2-ETILHEXIL) fosforico (HDEHP) tenoiltrifluoroacetona." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1985. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9843.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
Cara, Flores Gabriel Miguel. "Desarrollo de un sistema modular de membranas líquidas para la separación y determinación de lantánidos, utilizando el ácido di(2-etilhexil) fosfórico como transportador." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/120485.
Full textThe lanthanides are a fascinating group of metals, with very similar chemical properties. Even it is not possible to find them as main constituents of products used on a daily basis, they are behind all the technological revolution of the nowadays electronic miniaturization. Due to the similarity of their chemical properties and the processes of formation of their ores, separation of these elements has constituted a great challenge since its discovery. Our work focuses on the search for methods of separation using the liquid-liquid extraction in a polymeric support in tubular form. As representative of the lanthanides neodymium and D2EHPA as extraction agent is chosen. We study the parameters influencing the kinetics of extraction using a bulk liquid membrane. The speed constants of the transport through the liquid membrane of neodymium and holmium are calculated. It is discussed the influence of the pH, the initial concentration of metal and the presence of a buffer substance in feed solution that then will be applied in the different configurations of liquid membrane studied. It is developed a glass and PVDF module with a hollow fibre supported liquid membrane inside. It is used to achieve the concentration of neodymium and its separation from holmium. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the system are analyzed to maximize transport using the permeability as a parameter of the transport of metal tracking. It is found that, for the same linear speed, transport is favoured when metal goes from the lumen towards the shell of the hollow fibre. It is observed that in the studied conditions neodymium is actually transported while the holmium is retained in the liquid membrane. With the previous parameters an in line concentrator module is developed for determining small amounts of neodymium with a FIA system. It employs the same side of the supported liquid membrane to carry out extraction and re-extraction phenomena. It reaches limits of detection of the order of 100 times attributable to the system determination limits itself only. It is possible to determine neodymium in the presence of heavy lanthanides and some elements like calcium, nickel, zinc, copper and magnesium which are also commonly extracted with D2EHPA. It is not possible to do so with iron and the light lanthanides group that present a very high interference. Two methods of analysis were used to evaluate the concentration of metal in aqueous solutions. On the one hand a FIA system with a colorimetric method with Arsenazo III that allows the analysis of samples with a very different pH between them, thanks to the use of a buffer neutralization channel. On the other hand an HPLC system with a column dynamically modified with DDS and using a reversed phase with HIBA, which allows the analysis individual lanthanide elements in samples containing all of them. That is applied to the analysis of real samples of bastnasite ore. It is developed a glass module with a bulk liquid membrane, contained in a hollow fibre, which allows the concentration and continuous separation of rare earths using D2EHPA as extracting agent. It is achieved the effective recovery in a high degree of neodymium even with short contact times. The separation of the different lanthanides is not possible under the conditions studied.
Antinori, Raffaele. "Studio di catalizzatori a base di Ni modificati con La per la metanazione della CO2." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19240/.
Full textGálico, Diogo Alves [UNESP]. "Síntese e caracterização de complexos de naproxeno com lantanídeos (III) e ítrio (III) no estado sólido com exceção do promécio." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/115581.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Foram sintetizados os compostos de fórmula geral LnL3nH2O, no estado sólido, onde Ln representa lantânio, lantanídeos e ítrio, L é o naproxeno e n+0 (Dy), 1 (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd e Tb) e 2 (Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu e Y). Os compostos foram caracterizados por termogravimetria/análise térmica diferencial (TG-DTA), calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC), difratometria de raios X pelo método do pó (XRD), espectroscopia de absorção na região do infravermelho (IR) e complexometria com EDTA. As curvas TG-DTA e DSC forneceram informações com relaçao ao comportamento térmico dos compostos e a decomposição dos compostos sintetizados. Os complexos de La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu e Y são termicamente estáveis até 227, 165, 221, 251, 248, 228, 249, 254, 240, 268, 260, 255, 263, 248, 255ºC, respectivamente. Os dados da espectroscopia de absorção na região do infravermelho sugerem uma coordenação bidentada entre o ligante e o íon metálico para os complexos de La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb e Dy, e uma coordenação bidentada e em ponte para os complexos de Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu e Y. A utilização conjunta das técnicas IR, XRD e TG-DTA permitiu dividir os complexos em três grupos, de acordo com a quantidade de moléculas de águas presentes, com os complexos de cada grupo, isomórficos entre si. O DSC cíclico e o XRD com aquecimento mostrou que os complexos apresentam diversas transições cristalinas entre suas formas polimórficas
Solid-state compounds with general formula LnL3nH2O, in wich Ln represents lanthanum, lanthanides and yttrium, L is naproxen, and n + 0 (Dy), 1 (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd e Tb) and 2 (Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu e Y) were synthesized Simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and EDTA complexometry were employed to characterize these compounds. The TG-DTA and DSC curves provided information concerning the thermal behaviour and thermal decomposition of synthesized compounds. La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and Y complexes are thermally stable until 227, 221, 251, 248, 249, 254, 240, 268, 260, 255, 263, 248 and 255ºC, respectively. The infrared spectroscopic data suggested a bidented coordination between the ligand and the metal ion to the La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy complexes, and a bidented and bridge coordination to the Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and Y complexes. From IR, XRD and TG-DTA techniques allowed to divide the complexes in three groups, according to the number of water molecules, with the complexes of each group, isomorphics. Cyclic DSC and heated XRD show that complexes present various crystalline transitions between polymorphics forms
CHIBA, RUBENS. "Obtencao e caracterizacao de manganito de lantanio dopado com estroncio para aplicacao em celulas a combustivel de oxido solido." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2005. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11234.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Intituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP
Rodríguez, Tomasoni Joaquín Esteban. "Fabricación y caracterización de La0,8Sr0,15Ba0,05Ga0,8Mg0,2O3-d para celdas sólidas de conversión de energía." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/153014.
Full textAnte la búsqueda de alternativas a los recursos energéticos basados en la combustión de combustibles fósiles globalmente se ha aumentado la investigación para implementar el uso de energías renovables no convencionales que sean limpias y no contaminantes. Es por esto que surge la alternativa de las celdas sólidas de conversión de energía, que convierten la energía química de un combustible gaseoso en electricidad realizando una serie de reacciones electroquímicas sin hacer combustión. Debido a esto, las celdas sólidas de conversión de energía no se rigen por el ciclo de Carnot, por lo que las celdas sólidas de conversión de energía poseen mayores eficiencias que las tecnologías tradicionales que si utilizan la combustión. Pero las aplicaciones comerciales de las celdas están limitadas por los altos costos de los materiales que las componen, es por esto que la investigación se enfoca en la reducción de los costos de los materiales a utilizar. El objetivo general de este tema de memoria es la fabricación y caracterización de una aleación de La0.8Sr0.15Ba0.05Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-d como material de electrolitos para celdas sólidas de conversión de energía. En particular se estudiará la estructura cristalina y morfología de nanopolvos de LSBGM, se fabricaran discos densificados de LSBGM y se estudiará la conductividad iónica del compuesto, comparando sus propiedades con los materiales de la literatura y con una aleación de La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-d. Los alcances del trabajo contemplan la fabricación de LSGM y LSBGM, mediante método sonoquímico y sol-gel para la posterior fabricación de discos densificados para estudiar su conductividad iónica, no se considera la fabricación de una celda sólida de conversión de energía, si no el estudio de materiales que pueden formar un electrolito para estas celdas. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos, se tiene un tamaño de partículas de aproximadamente 271 nm para LSBGM y 465 nm para LSGM, y se obtienen conductividades iónicas de s = 0,038 [S/cm] para LSBGM a 600ºC y s = 0,037 [S/cm] para LSGM a 600ºC. Finalmente se logra fabricar una aleación de La0.8Sr0.15Ba0.05Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-d mediante el método sol-gel, con propiedades eléctricas similares a las reportadas en la literatura.
CHIBA, RUBENS. "Sintese, processamento e caracterizacao das meia-celulas de oxido solido catodo/eletrolito de manganito de lantanio dopado com estroncio/zirconia estabilizada com itria." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2010. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9503.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Mesquita, Alexandre. "Preparação e caracterização de materiais ferroelétricos de composição Pb1-xLaxTiO3 em escala nanométrica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/88/88131/tde-12092007-163646/.
Full textThe main objective of this work was to obtain ferroelectric materials of Pb1-xLaxTiO3 (PLT) composition, with x = 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20, in nanometer scale in order to prepare nanostructure ceramic and thin films and characterize their structural and electric properties. The nanoparticles used to prepared ceramic samples and the solution used to prepared thin films was obtained using the conventional high temperature sintering method and by using high pressure and high temperature simultaneously. The structural modification due to particle size and lanthanum amount was followed by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and X-Ray absorption techniques. The transition process was followed from XRD pattern and from the Raman spectra. Samples calcined at 400 oC that were characterized as amorphous present different X-ray absorption spectra. The ceramic samples sinterized at high temperature and ambient pressure presented a microstructure (microsized grains) and electrical properties (normal ferroelectric) similar to that observed in the same samples obtained from the solid-state reaction method. On the other hand, the ceramic sample with x = 0.20 prepared at high pressure and at room temperature formed only by nanoparticles present a behavior characteristic of a relaxor ferroelectric material showing the influence of the grain size on the electrical properties of these samples.
Giménez, Agulló Nelson. "Synthesis of tetra-azaporphyrins, phthalocyanines and lanthanide double-decker sandwich complexes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396305.
Full textEsta tesis comprende la síntesis y estudio de diferentes complejos con estructura de sandwich de dos plantas formados por lantanidos usando macrocíclos tetrapirrolicos como ligandos. Los complejos resultantes estan formados por inclusión de un ión lantanido entre dos anillos de macrociclo. Los complejos con estas estructures son conocidos por comportarse como imanes moleculares formados por un único centro metalico. También se profundizó en el estudio del equilibrio de dimerización de una ftalocianina de zinc quiral en disolución así como la determinación de su constante de dimerización. La coordinación de quinuclidina al centro metalico de zinc fue cuantificada usando valoraciones en UV-vis y 1H RMN. Las estequiometrias de los complejos fomados fueron discutidas en detalle. Aparte, diferentes complejos con estructura de sandwich de dos plantas formados por lantanidos usando una azaporfirina con etilos de substitutyentes fueron preparados. Los complejos obteniendos mostraros una mejor solubilidad y procesabilidad que sus analogos con ftalocianinas como ligandos. Además, ftalocianinas con diferentes grupos funcionales fueron preparadas y usadas para la formación de complejos con lantanidos. Las medidas de susceptibilidad magnetica mostraron un comportamiento de imán molecular en los nuevos complejos preparados. Finalmente, se estudió la posibilidad de incorporar dichos complejos en superficies por deposición en el STM de las especies Tb(OETAP)2 y Dy(OETAP)2. Además, la deposicion en Au(111) del ligando OETAP nos permitió estudiar reacciones pericíclias controladas por la temperatura en superficie. El control de la temparatura nos permitió formar polímeros de ftalocianinas casi unidimensionales o por el contrario obterner monomeros de ftalocianinas.
This thesis comprises the synthesis and study of different lanthanide double-decker sandwich complexes using tetrapyrrolic macrocycles as ligands. The resulting complexes are formed by the inclusion of a lanthanide ion between two macrocyclic rings. Complexes possessing these architectures are known to behave as single-molecule magnets. Furthermore, we explored the dimerization equilibrium experienced by a chiral zinc phthalocyanine in solution by means of the determination of its dimerization constant. The coordination of quinuclidine to the zinc center was also quantified by using UV-vis and 1H NMR titration experiments. The stoichiometries of the coordination complexes formed are discussed in detail. Different lanthanide double-decker complexes were built using en ethyl substituted azaporphyrine which allowed better solubility and processability of the final complexes. Moreover, phthalocyanies with different functional groups were prepared and used for the preparation of lanthanide double-decker complexes. The magnetic susceptibility measurements showed single-molecule magnet behavior of the newly prepared compounds. Finally, the possibility of incorporating the single-molecule magnets onto surfaces was studied by STM deposition of the Tb(OETAP)2 and Dy(OETAP)2 species. Additionally, the deposition of the OETAP ligand on Au(111) allowed us the study of thermally tunable pericyclic reactions on surfaces. By temperature control we were able to produce quasiunidimensional phthalocyanine tapes or monomeric phthalocyanines on a well-defined Au(111).
Teixeira, Cristiano da Silva. "Síntese de compostos intermetálicos à base de La(Fe,Si)13 para aplicações em refrigeração magnética." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/100978.
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É proposta uma nova rota para a obtenção do composto intermetálico La(Fe,Si)13, tendo em vista a sua aplicação em sistemas de refrigeração magnética. Utilizando princípios da metalurgia do pó, a proposta é reduzir o óxido de lantânio (La2O3) utilizando o cálcio (Ca) como elemento redutor, seguido de uma difusão in situ no estado sólido do lantânio (La) no ferro (Fe) e no silício (Si), processo esse conhecido como redução-difusão (R/D) calciotérmica. Em amostras com a composição LaFe11,5Si1,5 foi possível atingir aproximadamente 80 % da fase desejada. Observou-se também que após o processo de lavagem, para remoção de fases indesejadas como CaO, as amostras apresentam temperatura de transição magnética ao redor da temperatura ambiente. Este fenômeno é justificado pela presença de H intersticial, proveniente do processo de lavagem, fato ainda não relatado na literatura. Além disso, estudou-se a estabilidade térmica dos átomos de H no sistema La-Fe-Si e possíveis maneiras de aumentar esta estabilidade. Amostras fundidas com pequenas quantidades de carbono (LaFe11,6Si1,4Cx, onde x = 0 - 0,4) e posterior inserção de hidrogênio se mostraram mais estáveis, comparadas àquelas sem a presença de carbono. O aumento na quantidade de carbono, no entanto, reduz o efeito magnetocalórico, diminuindo assim as possibilidades de aplicações. Sugere-se, por fim, o limite de x = 0,2 para um aumento de aproximadamente 100 K na estabilidade térmica do H, sem grandes prejuízos ao efeito magnetocalórico do composto.
Abstract : A new route to obtain the intermetallic compound La(Fe,Si)13 is proposed, aiming at the application of this compound in magnetic cooling systems. Making use of powder metallurgy principles, the idea is to reduce the lanthanum oxide La2O3 using metallic calcium (Ca) as reducing agent, followed by an in situ solid state diffusion of lanthanum (La) in iron (Fe) and silicon (Si), a process known as calciothermic reduction-diffusion (R/D). In samples with composition of LaFe11:5Si1:5 about 80 % of the desired phase was achieved. It was observed also that after the washing process to remove the undesired phases such as CaO, the samples exhibited a magnetic phase transition temperature around room-temperature. This phenomenon was explained by the presence of interstitial H atoms originated during the washing process; an effect not yet reported in the literature. Additionally the thermal stability of the interstitial H in the La-Fe-Si system was studied, as well as a way to increase this stability. Samples obtained by melting with small amounts of carbon (LaFe11:4Si1:6Cx, where x = 0 { 0.4) and posterior hydrogenation shown to be more stable than the samples without carbon. The carbon amount, however, decreases the magnetocaloric effect, reducing the possibilities of applications. It is suggested, at the end, the limit of x = 0.2 for a 100 K increase in the thermal stability of the hydrides, without remarkable harm to the magnetocaloric effect of the compound.
Bez, Henrique Neves. "Desenvolvimento de processo de fabricação de refrigerantes magnéticos à base de La(Fe,Si)13Hy." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2013. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/107368.
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É proposta uma nova rota de fabricação de refrigerantes magnéticos à base de La(Fe,Si)13Hy, tendo em vista a aplicação em protótipos de refrigeração magnética ao redor da temperatura ambiente. Esta nova rota, baseada em princípios da metalurgia do pó, utiliza como precursor uma liga não-homogeneizada de La-Fe-Si, constituída basicamente de ferro livre, da fase La(Fe,Si)13 e fase rica em La. Neste estado verificou-se que a liga é bastante suscetível a fragilização por hidrogênio, o que permitiu a sua fácil cominuição a pó por processo adicional de moagem. Com a liga na forma de pó e com tamanho de partícula controlado, obteve-se sucesso na sua posterior consolidação por meio de processo de compactação, seguido de sinterização. A sinterização otimizada se dá a temperatura de 1423 K por 6 horas. Observou-se que por esta rota de fabricação, obteve-se material homogêneo, com poros, e passível de hidrogenação. Esta etapa final do processo é importante para a aplicação à temperatura ambiente. Até então somente havia sido relatado na literatura a possibilidade de hidrogenar a fase La(Fe,Si)13 na forma de pó. Além disso, esta mesma rota de fabricação permite a redução do tempo de homogeneização, que se dá junto processo de sinterização. Para comparação, amostras do mesmo lingote foram produzidas pelo convencional processo de homogeneização a altas temperaturas durante longos períodos de tempo (20 h. a 1423 K), apresentando cerca de 97 % em fração mássica da fase La(Fe,Si)13. Neste caso, o processo de hidrogenação, utilizado aqui para viabilizar o emprego desta liga em aplicações ao redor da temperatura ambiente, só foi possível após pulverizar as amostras homogeneizadas. Após o processo de hidrogenação, as amostras apresentam a temperatura de Curie, TC, ao redor de 328 K, onde a variação adiabática de temperatura é máxima e igual a 2,8 K para um campo magnético aplicado de 1,75 T. Já para as amostras produzidas através da metalurgia do pó, valores acima de 99 % de fração mássica de fase La(Fe,Si)13 foram obtidos após 6 h de sinterização a 1423 K. Através dos poros residuais foi possível submeter estas amostras ao processo de hidrogenação sem necessidade de pulverização das amostras. Após a hidrogenação, as TC?s estão ao redor da temperatura ambiente, com um efeito magnetocalórico máximo de 2,2 K ao redor de 328 K, porém com uma faixa mais larga de efeito magnetocalórico.
Dubnikova, Natalija. "Sol-gel synthesis and characterization of lanthanide aluminium garnets." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20111227_092034-78155.
Full textPažangių medžiagų bei technologijų kūrimas ir taikymas - tai labai svarbus šiandieninės informacinės visuomenės uždavinys. Granato kristalinės struktūros medžiagos, pasižymėdamos ypatingomis fizikinėmis bei cheminėmis savybėmis, yra plačiai naudojamos informacinių technologijų, kietafazių lazerių, optikos įrenginių gamybose, medicinos įrangose, bei daugelyje kitų sričių. Todėl jos dėl savo unikalių savybių ir plačiai tebetyrinėjamos iki šiol. Šiame darbe pirmą kartą buvo susintetinti Ce-Al-O, Pr-Al-O, Nd-Al-O, Tb-Al-O, Dy-Al-O, Ho-Al-O, Er-Al-O, Tm-Al-O, Yb-Al-O, Lu-Al-O, Y(Nd)-Al-O ir Y(Sm)-Al-O acetatiniai-nitratiniai-glikoliatiniai geliai zolių-gelių metodu vandeniniuose tirpaluose. Jie buvo panaudoti pradinėmis medžiagomis atitinkamų lantanoidų aliuminio granatų sintezei. Vienfaziai terbio aliuminio granatas (Tb3Al5O12), disprozio aliuminio granatas (Dy3Al5O12), holmio aliuminio granatas (Ho3Al5O12), erbio aliuminio granatas (Er3Al5O12), tulio aliuminio granatas (Tm3Al5O12), iterbio aliuminio granatas (Yb3Al5O12) ir liutecio aliuminio granatas (Lu3Al5O12) buvo gauti, terbio jonų šaltiniu naudojant terbio oksidą, disprozio – disprozio oksidą, holmio – holmio oksidą, erbio – erbio oksidą, tulio – tulio oksidą, iterbio – iterbio oksidą, lutecio – liutecio oksidą, kompleksus sudarančiu reagentu 1,2-etandiolį. Tyrimų rezultatai parodė, kad šių lantanoidų aliuminio granatai gauti santykinai žemoje temperatūroje (1000°C). Zolių-gelių metodu sintetinant cerio aliuminio granatą... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Nguyen, Thi Tuyet Nhung. "Étude de nouveaux catalyseurs pour la déshydratation des alcools en C2-C4 : application à la production de propylène." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10068.
Full textA new family of catalysts has been developed for the dehydration of C2-C5 alcohols. These performing catalysts, which correspond to lanthanides phosphates, are more active and at least as selective when compared to traditional efficient dehydration and show very limited deactivation under reaction flow due to coke deposition. Different methods of preparation of the catalysts have been developed and the catalysts have been characterized by various techniques like XRD, Raman spectroscopy, TEM with EDX analyses and XPS. The acid base properties of the solids have been studied by NH3 and CO2 TPD and by adsorption of lutidine and pyridine followed by IR. The catalytic studies allow showing that the main reaction mechanism on the solids was E1-type and the active sites are both Bronsted and Lewis sites. The Bronsted acid sites correspond to (H2PO4)2- species which presence is related to an excess of P at the surface and the Lewis acid sites correspond to the rare earth cations. The implication of both types of sites as a function of different parameters has been studied. The high efficiency has been attributed to a high amount of acid sites with a moderated acid strength and to a very low amount of basic sites with weak strength. In the dehydration of 1-butanol it appears clearly that the more active and selective sites are Brosnted acid sites. On an industrial point of view the, the thesis work allowed to design new processes of production of propene either direct or through a metathesis reaction (ethylene+ 2-butene), of 1 and 2-butene and of butadiene (dehydration of 3-butene-1-ol and 2, 3-butanediol
Tur, Espinosa Fernando. "Complejos quirales derivados de sales de lantánidos (III) como catalizadores enantioselectivos de la condensación nitroaldólica y análogas." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9456.
Full textSe han sintetizado derivados de BINOL (2,2'-dihidroxi-1,1'-binaftaleno) con sustitucion en C-3 y C-3' por grupos dialquilaminometil denominados, genericamente, binaftolaminas. Se ha evaluado la capacidad coordinante de estas binaftolaminas para con sales de lantanidos (III) determinando que la combinacion de 3,3'-bis[(dietilamino)metil]-2,2'-dihidroxi-1,1'-binaftaleno (BINOLAM) i triflatos de lantanidos (III) conducen a la formacion de complejos quirales, de estequiometria 3:1, con simetria D3 y con quiralidad predeterminada en el lantanido. Son especies estables al aire y almacenables sin ninguna precaucion especial. Presentan una red ordenada de centros acido de Lewis-acido de Bronsted-base de Bronsted (LABABB) de gran relevancia para explicar su actividad catalitica. En disolucion, son especies cineticamente labiles, estables en la mayoria de disolventes organicos anhidros. Se ha estudiado la capacidad catalitica enantioselectiva de los complejos obtenidos en la reaccion nitroaldolica directa de aldehidos y α-trifluorometil cetonas con nitrometano obteniendo los correspondientes β-nitroaldoles y α-trifluorometil nitroaldoles terciarios con rendimientos quimicos y enantioselectividades de moderados a excelentes.
We have synthesized BINOL (2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphtalene) derivatives having dialkylaminomethyl groups at C-3 and C-3' generically named binaphtolamines. We assessed the ability of these ligands to coordinate lanthanide (III) salts. We found that the combination of 3,3'-bis[(diethylamino)methyl]-2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphtalene (BINOLAM) with lanthanide (III) triflates led to the formation of chiral complexes characterized by having 3:1 stoichiometry, D3 symmetry and predetermined chirality on the lanthanide center. They are shelf stable species i.e., storable for months without any special precautions. They possess an arrayed network of Lewis acid-Bronsted acid-base Bronsted centres (LABABB) which is relevant to explain its catalytic activity. In solution, these species are kinetically labile and are stable in most anhydrous organic solvents. We have studied the ability of these complexes to work as enantioselective catalysts in the direct nitroaldol (Henry) reaction of aldehydes and α-trifluoromethyl ketones with nitromethane thereby giving rise to the corresponding β-nitroaldols and α-trifluoromethyl tertiary nitroaldols with moderate to high chemical yields and enantioselectivity.
Rodrigues, Ranieri Andrade. "Estudo da formação de fases secundárias no compósito LSM/YSZ." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-19062008-110417/.
Full textThe composite of strontium-doped lanthanum manganite (La1-xSrxMnO3 - LSM) and yttria-stabilized zirconia (ZrO2/Y2O3 - YSZ), is indicated as cathode of the Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC). It presents better acting as cathode due to the Triple Phase Boundary (TPB) formed in the interface area between the cathode and the electrolyte. For the temperatures up to 1100 °C, LSM and YSZ can react producing lanthanum zirconate (La2Zr2O7 - LZO) and strontium zirconate (SrZrO3 - SZO). In this sense, the present work intends to contribute in the study of the formation of phases LZO and SZO, studying different massic proportions between LSM and YSZ with sintering temperatures varying between 1000 °C and 1400 °C. For the obtention of the precursory powders the co-precipitation routes were adopted to obtain YSZ and conventional powder mixture for the preparation of LSM. The composite LSM/YSZ, studied in this work, is prepared with two concentrations of Sr for LSM (30 mol % - LSM7 and 40 mol % - LSM6) and one concentration of yttria for YSZ (10 mol %). The results obtained by X-ray fluorescence showed that the routes adopted for synthesis of powders were effective in the obtention of the compositions LSM6, LSM7 and YSZ, with close values to the stoichiometrics. The studied massic proportions were: 50 % of LSM and 50 % of YSZ (1:1), 25 % of LSM and 75 % of YSZ (1:3), and 75 % of LSM and 25 % of YSZ (3:1). Such proportions of mixtures were conformed and submitted at different conditions of temperatures and times of sintering: 1000 °C, 1200 °C, 1300 °C, 1350 °C and 1400 °C for 4 and 8 hours. The values of medium size of the particles and the specific surface area values for the mixture of LSM6/YSZ and LSM7/YSZ, are of the same order of largeness after the mixture in a attritor mill and in different massic proportions. Secondary phases like LZO and SZO weren\'t found in the analysis for X-ray diffraction of the composites LSM6/YSZ and LSM7/YSZ prepared in the proportion 1:1 submitted to the temperatures to 1200 ºC and 1400 ºC for 4 hours. For these sintered samples in these two temperatures, the value of the obtained porosity is larger for the sintered sample at 1200 ºC. For the samples LSM6/YSZ and LSM7/YSZ, with massic proportions of 1:3, 1:1 and 3:1, sintered to 1300 °C and 1350 °C for 8 hours, it was observed the emergence of phases of LZO and SZO. It was also verified that the intensities of these phases are larger for the massic proportion of 3:1, in other words, for samples containing 75 % in mass of LSM in the composite. For the preparation of thin films of the composite LSM/YSZ for SOFC, in agreement with the conditions adopted in this work, the appropriate sintering temperature is 1200 °C for 8 hours or less, conditions where there isn\'t the formation of secondary phases like LZO and SZO.
PEDRONI, Marco. "Nanoparticelle attivate con ioni lantanidi per imaging multimodale." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/413336.
Full textOxide and fluoride based compounds doped with luminescent lanthanide ions are nowadays interesting materials which can be employed in many technological applications, for instance as optical probes in biomedicine. In this research project we have investigated zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and fluoride (CaF2, SrF2, NaYF4) nanocrystalline materials doped with luminescent lanthanide ions (Eu3+, Tb3+, Er3+, Tm3+, Ho3+, Yb3+). The obtained ZrO2 nanoparticles (NPs) have been are prepared by a hydrothermal technique using oleate ions as capping agents. The prepared materials have a monoclinic or tetragonal structure, with an average particle size around 4 nanometer. The Eu3+ and Tb3+ doped samples show a strong Stokes emission in the visible region upon excitation with UV light. The obtained NPs are very well dispersable in organic solvents as toluene. Lanthanide doped CaF2 and SrF2 NPs are also obtained by hydrothermal synthesis, using oleate or citrate ions as capping agents. The NPs capped with oleate or citrate ions are dispersable in organic solvents or water, respectively. The NPs have a cubic phase with an average particle size of 10 nm. The obtained NPs show a strong emission in the visible and NIR region upon excitation at 980 nm (upconversion emission). Some samples have been also doped with gadolinium ions and preliminary results show that the NPs can be used as both optical probes and MRI contrast agents, indicating that they can be excellent candidates for multimodal imaging.
Denis, Maxime. "Design, Synthesis and Optimization of Paramagnetic Tags for NMR Spectroscopy." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1203577.
Full textPASSUELLO, Tiziana. "Sintesi, caratterizzazione strutturale e morfologica e indagine spettroscopica di nanoparticelle di gadolinio ossifluoruro e fluoruro attivate con ioni lantanidi luminescenti." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/351879.
Full textFluoride based materials are presently important and interesting luminescent compounds. In this research project we have investigated gadolinium oxyfluorides and fluoride nanocrystalline materials doped with luminescent trivalent lanthanide ions, that are interesting materials which could be employed for many technological applications also in medicine. The obtained lanthanide doped gadolinium oxyfluoride nanocrystals have rhombohedral or tetragonal phase, prepared by a coprecipitation technique in aqueous solution. The nanoparticle size range is 20-50 nm. The gadolinium oxyfluoride nanocrystalline powders show strong emission spectra. Lanthanide doped gadolinium fluoride nanoparticles were obtained by solvothermal synthesis, capped with oleic acid and polyethylene glycol (PEG), dispersible in chloroform and water, respectively. The Eu3+ and Tb3+ doped GdF3 nanoparticles have an efficient Stokes emission in solution. PEG capped gadolinium fluoride with an orthorhombic phase, was obtained by hydrothermal synthesis and it is a candidate for multimodal imaging in biological fluids. In fact, it shows a strong upconversion emission in water dispersion and it shows a magnetic relaxivity comparable to a conventional gadolinium based agent contrast for magnetic resonance.
Locht, Inka Laura Marie. "Cohesive and Spectroscopic properties of the Lanthanides within the Hubbard I Approximation." Licentiate thesis, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-267285.
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