Academic literature on the topic 'Large-Scale Retail Store Law'
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Journal articles on the topic "Large-Scale Retail Store Law"
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Abe, Joji. "Administrations of the Large-scale Retail Store Locating Law." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 38 (2003): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/cpij1.38.0.44.0.
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Abe, Joji. "Administrations of the Large-scale Retail Store Locating Law." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 38.3 (2003): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.38.3.259.
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Ryoji, YASUKURA. "Store Opening Adjustment of a Large-Scale Retail Store based on the Large-Scale Retail Stores Location Law: Front of Takanohara Station on the Kintetsu Kyoto Line." E-journal GEO 11, no. 1 (2016): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4157/ejgeo.11.3.
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Tsuchiya, K., and P. Riethmuller. "The Japanese food distribution system and the Large Scale Retail Store Law." International Journal of Social Economics 24, no. 1/2/3 (January 1997): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068299710161214.
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Odagiri, Tokumi, and Paul Riethmuller. "Japan's Large Scale Retail Store Law: a cause of concern for food exporters?" Agricultural Economics 22, no. 1 (January 2000): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2000.tb00005.x.
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Morimoto, Akinori, and Hirotaka Koike. "Establishment of Local Standard of traffic concerns on the Large-Scale Retail Stores Location Law." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 41 (2006): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/cpij1.41.0.264.0.
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Morimoto, Akinori, and Hirotaka Koike. "Establishment of Local Standard of traffic concerns on the Large-Scale Retail Stores Location Law." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 41.3 (October 25, 2006): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.41.3.133.
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Marques, Pedro Alexandre, André M. Carvalho, and José Oliveira Santos. "Improving Operational and Sustainability Performance in a Retail Fresh Food Market Using Lean: A Portuguese Case Study." Sustainability 14, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010403.
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This paper presents a real application of a lean–green improvement initiative conducted at a large Portuguese hypermarket store. It explores how lean tools and techniques may be used to not only improve the operational performance, but also sustainability. A case study was carried out in one store of a multinational retail enterprise, with the aim of enhancing both the operational and sustainability performance in the cold meat section, one of the most relevant areas of the fresh food markets. The Gemba Kaizen event approach, which comprises three main stages, was adopted. During the workshop stage, the structured problem-solving methodology was followed, and was recorded in an A3 format. As a consequence of this project, food waste in the cold meat market was reduced by half, whereas the out-of-stock index decreased by a third. In addition, the pilot store hit top performance within all stores of the company in Portugal, ranking first in all key indicators for the cold meat market. The lean–green scope and performance improvement procedures developed and implemented in the pilot store were later deployed to other stores of the company. This is one of the first publications regarding the application of lean management in the food retail sector for improving both the operational and sustainability performance.
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Avlijas, Goran, Vesna Vukanovic Dumanovic, and Miljan Radunovic. "Measuring the Effects of Automatic Replenishment on Product Availability in Retail Stores." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 29, 2021): 1391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031391.
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Maintaining product availability is one of the biggest challenges in retail business because it directly relates to lost sale and decrease in customer loyalty. A solution that ensures a more accurate prediction and eliminates costly stock-outs and wasteful overstocks is an automatic replenishment system. The goal of this paper is to measure the impact that the automatic replenishment system can have on product availability in retail business, especially when it comes to specific product and store related risk factors. A large quantitative study measured the performance of manual and automatic replenishment processes in a sample of 85 stores and 95 products of a major retail chain in Serbia. The study concluded that utilization of an automatic replenishment system can reduce stock-outs for the retail chains up to 60%. Specifically, when ordered through an automatic replenishment system, fast-selling products recorded 40% greater availability, products on promotion 48% higher availability, and products in a high-density retail stores 59% higher availability. The findings extend current understanding of automatic replenishment systems, and especially their performance related to high-risk retail conditions.
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Osada, Teppei, Akinori Morimoto, and Hirotaka Koike. "Research on Local Standard for Calculation of Parking Capacity under the Large-Scale Retail Stores Location Law." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 40.3 (2005): 385–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.40.3.385.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Large-Scale Retail Store Law"
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Terada, Takashi. "External US pressure on Japan's policy reform in the case of large-scale retail store law." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/123186.
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The Structural Impediments Initiative (SII) talks held from September 1989 to
July 1990 represented the first attempt by Japan and the United States to
harmonise their domestic problems in international trade negotiations. These
bilateral talks were also the first of their kind to delve into a comprehensive
review of domestic laws and intrinsic business practices. In this sense, the SII
talks may be seen as a preamble to mutual arrangements by domestic
economies of their respective institutions and practices. This is likely to feature
more prominently in the field of international relations, as seen recently in the
European Community (EC) and the North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA). In this context, as the United States and Japan are the two largest
and most technologically advanced economies in the world, accounting for
more than 40 per cent of the world total gross national product, it is significant
that they started harmonising their domestic rules through the SII talks, which
are examined in this thesis.
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Donofrio, Jennifer M. "DOWNTOWN REVITALIZATION: CONSUMERS’ AND CITY PLANNERS’ PERCEIVED BARRIERS TO INTEGRATING LARGE-SCALE RETAIL INTO THE DOWNTOWN." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2008. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/30.
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Statement of Problem
Revitalization of downtowns across America continues to be challenged by the shift to the suburbs. The barriers to integrating large-scale retail in a small, medium, and large city downtown were examined.
Forces of Data
The System View Planning Theory (Taylor, 1998) guided the study of city planners’ and consumers’ perceived barriers to integrating large scale retail into the downtown. In order to ascertain the barriers to integrating large-scale retail into the downtown intercept-surveys with consumers (n=30, responded to the intercept survey in each city) and interviews with city planners were conducted.
Conclusion Reached
Some significant differences were found between perceived barriers towards integrating large-scale retail into small and large-city downtowns. Although most consumers reported a positive attitude towards large-scale retail, most consumers in Tucson and San Diego indicated that the cost of shopping in the downtown outweighed the benefits. Traffic, parking, pedestrian-friendly street-oriented environment, and local character are among the major barriers identified by the study cities to integrating large-scale retail into the downtown. However, over half of the consumers surveyed agreed that they would shop at large-scale retail on the weekdays if it were available, but less than half of consumers in Tucson and San Diego would shop at large-scale retail on the weekends.
Recommendations
Three recommendations were suggested to successfully establish and sustain large-scale retail in the downtown. 1. Continue to find creative solutions to parking and traffic barriers. 2. Create a multifunctional, walkable downtown, with amenities to meet most consumers’ needs. 3. Establish retail stores in the downtown that enhance the local character and cater to residents’ needs rather than mostly tourist needs.
Books on the topic "Large-Scale Retail Store Law"
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Taegyumo yut'ongŏppŏp haesŏl: Handbook of the fair large-scale retail business trade act. Sŏul: Fides, 2013.
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Convery, Frank J. Large scale out-of town shopping developments in Ireland: Issues and choices. [Dublin: Musgrave Group, 1999.
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Gullón, Pedro, and Gina S. Lovasi. Designing Healthier Built Environments. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190843496.003.0008.
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The “built environment” is comprised of human-made structures and systems, and aspects include access to and attractiveness of walkable destinations (e.g., retail stores, parks) and community design features (e.g., street connectivity, sidewalk access). A variety of built environment characteristics can influence health outcomes and behaviors, including physical activity, obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and mental health, as well as sleep and use of tobacco and alcohol. This chapter discusses the large and complex accumulated research on the built environment as well as the methods used to study it, research challenges, policy implication, and how to bring together partnerships for policy change. This chapter also discusses the research conducted across populations (e.g., children, low-income individuals) and geographies (e.g., urban and rural geographies).
Book chapters on the topic "Large-Scale Retail Store Law"
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Meyer-Ohle, Hendrik. "Retail Policy: A Law for Large Stores." In Innovation and Dynamics in Japanese Retailing, 41–55. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230510654_3.
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Upham, Frank. "11. Privatizing Regulation: The Implementation of the Large-Scale Retail Stores Law." In Political Dynamics in Contemporary Japan, 264–94. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501733147-019.
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Di Blasi, Gianpiero, and Eleonora Pantano. "Consumers' Involvement on (Re)Engineering Store Design." In Successful Technological Integration for Competitive Advantage in Retail Settings, 23–42. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8297-9.ch002.
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The emerging need to make more attractive physical stores for catching new clients and maintaining the existing ones pushes retailers to develop efficient practices for acquiring knowledge from consumers and involving them in the points of sales' design. The final users' needs and preferences are considered a core in design process. This chapter proposes a system for involving consumers in the store design process through an innovative cloud participatory platform. It is a low cost hardware/software architecture offering a user-friendly interface able to be adopted by audiences with different background. Results show the consumers' interest to contribute in the design by using such technologies and providing a large amount of detailed information useful for future appealing stores' development. Finally, this chapter shows how the inclusion of modern low-cost game technologies in retail industry might provide ripper effects in several disciplines such as human-computer interaction, marketing, and management.
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Cummings, Scott L. "Grocery Workers." In An Equal Place, 264–310. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190215927.003.0005.
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This chapter analyzes the labor movement’s challenge to retail giant Wal-Mart, which in 2002 announced plans to open forty Supercenters in California—threatening to undermine labor standards, and union strength, in the grocery sector. It focuses on the confrontation with Wal-Mart in the separately incorporated city of Inglewood, a historically working-class African American community in South Los Angeles. There, a community-labor coalition, led by LAANE, organized to stop Supercenter development through legislative and legal challenges—a technique known as a “site fight” because it aimed to block Wal-Mart at a specific location. The chapter examines three phases of the fight, tracing how the coalition mobilized law to defeat the Inglewood proposal, design innovative policies to limit Wal-Mart’s entry into the Los Angeles market, and thwart Wal-Mart’s effort to bypass those policies by opening a small-format grocery store in historic Chinatown. In evaluating the campaign, the chapter suggests that the outcome was, in part, a product of Wal-Mart’s political miscalculation: The company’s drive for a Supercenter in Inglewood failed despite evidence of public support, in large measure because of an ill-conceived attempt to gain voter approval through a city initiative that would have completely circumvented the local planning process. Yet Wal-Mart’s defeat was not merely self-inflicted. The company’s miscalculation of the local response to the initiative was politically consequential precisely because there was a sophisticated team of activists and lawyers who used Wal-Mart’s disregard of public input to successfully mobilize community opposition to the Supercenter and build new anti-big-box policy. In that sense, the presence of a political-legal support structure, with experience mounting development-oriented campaigns from the community benefits context, was essential to Wal-Mart’s defeat—strengthening grocery labor standards in Los Angeles going forward.
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Plough, Alonzo L. "Employers as Shapers of Health." In Culture of Health in Practice, 75–96. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190071400.003.0007.
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This chapter assesses the role of employers as Culture of Health mediators. With their significant influence over the lives of their workforce, employers have the authority to make choices that either promote or inhibit a Culture of Health within their organizations. They also may play important roles in building a Culture of Health in the communities in which they are located and where their employees live. The chapter then considers the approaches taken by three types of employers—Fortune 500 companies, a large retail chain, and the military. Two studies of Fortune 500 companies examine corporate transparency in reporting health-promotion policies and efforts to create healthy work environments and strengthen communities. Another study illustrates the feasibility of stabilizing work schedules of low-wage retail workers to benefit workers as well as store sales.
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Dotson, Taylor. "Imagining More Communitarian Infrastructures and Organizations." In Technically Together. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262036382.003.0008.
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This chapter investigates the possibilities for better supporting more communitarian infrastructure and organizations. Community energy progresses too slowly because of an uncertain policy environment. More communal retail is lacking in part due to the various subsidies provided to large chains and online stores. Public transit is slowed by both inappropriate expectations that they have little effect on automobile traffic and the wrongheaded insistence that they support themselves primarily through fares. Other barriers are cultural. For example, transit authorities tend go for grand projects rather than incremental changes; potential synergies between different cooperative retail arrangements remain unrealized; the insistence that information be “free” stands in the way of communally governed Internets. Budgeting practices that privilege dollars saved over community benefit, moreover, leads to inappropriately scaled organizations: community buildings and schools too large to center community life. Anxieties over performance stifle the development of democratic schools. Finally, tax laws do too little to distinguish non-profits that provide broad community benefits from those that serve the needs of small, isolated, and relatively privileged populations.
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Anichkina, Olga Aleksandrovna, Nadezhda Valerevna Kapustina, Oksana Aleksandrovna Sagina, and Tatiana Nikolaevna Korotkikh. "The Main Goals and Objectives of Creating a Modern Storage System for Agricultural Products as a Factor in Reducing the Risk of Damage." In Law and Economics, 113–37. Publishing house Sreda, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-75300.
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The authors of the article emphasizes that the development of agro-industrial complex in our country is not only due to the formation of agricultural holdings, but also through the development of small business patterns. Taking into consideration the fact that large retail chains prefer to work with companies that can supply a high volume of goods at once, they are not interested in farmers who supply low volume of output. It is noted that the seasonal nature of agricultural output also increases the risk of product damage during storage. This risk is especially increased if the storage conditions are not met. It is found out that small-scale peasant business patterns are not able to maintain storage facilities that will meet different storage conditions for different types of products. Accordingly, for them, the problem of the risk of damage and loss of grown products due to non-compliance with storage conditions is more acute. The situation under consideration determines the relevance of the stated topic. The purpose of the study is to clarify the main goals and objectives of the formation of a modern storage system for agricultural products as the main factor in reducing the risk of its damage and loss. The study was conducted in several stages: the institutional framework for the formation of storage systems for agricultural products was studied; the institutional structure of the Central Federal district to create a modern system for storing agricultural raw materials and goods was systematized; target installations for placement of agricultural products storage enterprises in the context of the Central Federal district regions have been defined.
Conference papers on the topic "Large-Scale Retail Store Law"
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Leighty, William C. "Running the World on Renewables: Hydrogen Transmission Pipelines With Firming Geologic Storage." In ASME 2008 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2008-60031.
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The world’s richest renewable energy resources — of large geographic extent and high intensity — are stranded: far from end-users with inadequate or nonexistent gathering and transmission systems to deliver the energy. The energy output of most renewables varies greatly, at time scales of seconds to seasons: the energy capture assets thus operate at inherently low capacity factor (CF); energy delivery to end-users is not “firm”. New electric transmission systems, or fractions thereof, dedicated to renewables, will suffer the same low CF, and represent substantial stranded capital assets, which increases the cost of delivered renewable-source energy. Electric energy storage cannot affordably firm large renewables at annual scale. At gigawatt (GW = 1,000 MW) scale, renewable-source electricity from diverse sources, worldwide, can be converted to hydrogen and oxygen, via high-pressure-output electrolyzers, with the hydrogen pipelined to load centers (cities, refineries, chemical plants) for use as vehicle fuel, combined-heat-and-power generation on the retail side of the customers’ meters, ammonia production, and petroleum refinery feedstock. The oxygen byproduct may be sold to adjacent dry biomass and / or coal gasification plants. Figures 1–3. New, large, solution-mined salt caverns in the southern Great Plains, and probably elsewhere in the world, may economically store enough energy as compressed gaseous hydrogen (GH2) to “firm” renewables at annual scale, adding great market and strategic value to diverse, stranded, rich, renewable resources. Figures 2 and 3. For example, Great Plains, USA, wind energy, if fully harvested and “firmed” and transmitted to markets, could supply the entire energy consumption of USA. If gathered, transmitted, and delivered as hydrogen, about 15,000 new solution-mined salt caverns, of ∼8 million cubic feet (225,000 cubic meters) each, would be required, at an incremental capital cost to the generation-transmission system of ∼5%. We report the results of several studies of the technical and economic feasibility of large-scale renewables — hydrogen systems. Windplants are the lowest-cost new renewable energy sources; we focus on wind, although concentrating solar power (CSP) is probably synergistic and will become attractive in cost. The largest and richest renewable resources in North America, with high average annual windspeed and sunlight, are stranded in the Great Plains: extant electric transmission capacity is insignificant relative to the resource potential. Large, new, electric transmission systems will be costly, difficult to site and permit, and may be difficult to finance, because of public opposition, uncertainties about transmission cost recovery, and inherently low CF in renewables service. The industrial gas companies’ decades of success and safety in operating thousands of km of GH2 pipelines worldwide is encouraging, but these are relatively short, small-diameter pipelines, and operating at low and constant pressure: not subject to the technical demands of renewables-hydrogen service (RHS), nor to the economic challenge of delivering low-volumetric-energy-density GH2 over hundreds or thousands of km to compete with other hydrogen sources at the destination. The salt cavern storage industry is also mature; several GH2 storage caverns have been in service for over twenty years; construction and operating and maintenance (O&M) costs are well understood; O&M costs are low.
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Bustamante, Juan, Leonardo Kuffo, Edgar Izquierdo, and Carmen Vaca. "Automated Detection of Customer Experience through Social Platforms." In CARMA 2018 - 2nd International Conference on Advanced Research Methods and Analytics. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carma2018.2018.8347.
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The emergence and acceptance of social media have become a crucial aspect of daily lives in the worldwide population. As a result of this phenomenon, it is not surprising that customers’ buying patterns exhibit continuous change. For capturing the experience of consumers during their visit to a retail store, previous studies have proposed in-store customer experience (ISCX) scale from data captured through traditional methods like survey research. Accordingly, ISCX is conceived as a subjective internal response to and interaction with the physical retail environment. The present study builds upon prior research and we take the concept of ISCX with the purpose of developing an automated model for capturing ISCX from data collected through a social network like Facebook. This approach offers a low-cost, real-time alternative to traditional elicitation methods. We gathered data from English written contents by Facebook users and collected approximately 1,6 million comments made in public sites belonging to 50 companies worldwide (e.g. Clothing and jewelry retailers, whole Box and electronics Stores), including IKEA, Samsung, Whole Foods, Walmart, Tiffany, Victoria Secret, and Dillards. Five reviewers manually checked the messages filtered by the automated model, resulting in a high accuracy, confirming the high effectiveness of the model in classifying Facebook written messages. Keywords: Customer Experience; Machine Learning; Data Classification; Text Mining.
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Khangura, Jasan, Melanie Flores, and Jane Ishmael. "Product text labels indicate the presence of other pharmacologically active ingredients in many OTC hemp- and CBD-containing preparations." In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.32.
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Introduction: The 2018 Farm Bill changed the legal status of cannabis plants that meet the definition of industrial hemp and allowed for the rapid expansion of hemp-based products into commercial spaces. With an emphasis on industrial hemp as the source of naturally-occurring cannabinoid compounds, a niche market for cannabidiol (CBD)-containing products was quickly established in pharmacies and grocery stores. Although the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has retained oversight of all cannabis-based products, labelling of hemp-derived products for retail markets remains largely unregulated. Under federal law, CBD cannot be added to foods, beverages, sold as a dietary supplement or marketed for a therapeutic benefit, however the perceived health benefits of CBD as an acceptable and safe ingredient contribute to the growing market for these health products. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the range of over-the-counter (OTC) hemp- and CBD-based products available to consumers and determine the prevalence of other pharmacologically active agents identified as ingredients in these products. Labels were scored for the presence of: active and inactive ingredients, percent CBD, full-spectrum hemp, full-spectrum CBD or CBD isolate. Methods: Two large pharmacy chains and one medium-sized grocery store located in the Pacific Northwest were surveyed between May 2020 and February 2021 and OTC hemp-derived products on display were recorded. Identification of pharmacologically active ingredients on the product label was validated using the National Medicines Comprehensive Database. Products that were noted to have CBD or hemp ingredients were included in the study, while any products that did not accurately report the amount of CBD in the product were excluded. Products that did not list the total weight of the product were excluded from the analysis. Results: Thirty-three unique products were recorded from 19 different manufacturers. 39% of product labels indicated the presence of Full-Spectrum Hemp as part of the base product, while 66% of products listed Hemp Extract as the base product. Text labels on CBD-containing products, on average, indicated more than 3 additional pharmacologically active ingredients were contained in each product. Topical CBD products were more likely to have other ingredients such as arnica montana, menthol and camphor, whereas products for oral ingestion were more likely to have only CBD as the primary active ingredient. Text labels on 52% of topical CBD products listed the presence of 10% menthol. Average concentrations of CBD in OTC products was found to be 1.12% ± 1.48 %, based on dry weight. Conclusion: Product text labels on OTC hemp-and CBD-containing preparations is varied and presented in a non-standardized format. Topical CBD products were more likely to contain other pharmacologically active natural products that can be used for the treatment of pain symptoms. Concentrations of arnica montana, menthol and camphor were as much as 10-fold higher than the proportion of CBD contained in these products. The absence of a standard format for labelling of OTC hemp- and CBD-derived products and the frequent presence of other active ingredients has the potential to create confusion and risk for the consumer.
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Hajihashemi, Sara, Reza Alizadeh, Janet K. Allen, and Farrokh Mistree. "Impact of Asset Management in a Green Supply Chain." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-70826.
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Abstract With increasing concerns about global warming caused by greenhouse gasses (GHGs), organizations have become more responsible for their operations. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), companies with a supply chain (SC) generate about 42% of GHGs in their transportation (30%) and inventory systems (12%), which makes mitigating climate change through a green supply chain (GSC) management a reasonable solution. To design a GSC, we model the SC as a customer and store network, with customers driving in cars to and from stores and the retailer resupplying the stores from a central warehouse. The number and location of stores are determined to find a low-cost and low emission configuration for the SC. The key findings are (1) SCs with more small stores generate less emission than ones with fewer large stores; (2) when minimizing the operating cost is more important than mitigating GHG emissions, fewer large stores are preferred than having more small stores; (3) a SC with two warehouses reduces the number of open stores in a large area such as Puerto Rico. Our contributions are (1) building a model of a GSC based on population data; (2) modeling a GSC in a two-echelon network which can be solved simultaneously using the k-median approach; (3) evaluating the effect of multiple warehouses on the overall GHGs emissions; (4) managing the incompleteness and inaccuracy of the data through implementing the compromise Decision Support Problem construct to identify satisficing solutions. The model mentioned earlier highlights the important parameters that impact the green GHG emissions reduction from a SC that describe in this paper. We also discuss how this approach can be employed for other design problems, including manufacturing and healthcare.
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Kazak, Ekaterina Sergeevna, and Andrey Vladimirovich Kazak. "Comprehensive Studies of Formation Water for Achimov and Bazhenov Formations — Revitalizing Archived and Old Cores." In SPE Symposium: Petrophysics XXI. Core, Well Logging, and Well Testing. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208415-ms.
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Abstract The sediments of Bazhenov (BF) and Achimov (ACh) formations have been studied for more than 50 years, and to date, a large amount of core material obtained during drilling at the stage of exploration is stored in the core stores of Russian industrial companies. The rise in the cost of the complex of geological exploration and the emergence of new research methods enabled studies of the old/dry core from previously drilled exploration wells. BF and ACh reservoir rocks have low permeability and initially low water saturation, and therefore, during storage, rock samples could partially retain pore water. To study its composition and quantitative content, we used the previously proposed integrated approach with proven effectiveness in fresh low-permeability BF rocks. The studied materials include BF rock samples from 3 different fields stored for 2 years after sampling in the laboratory, and ACh rock samples from 12 fields, cored more than 10 years ago at the geologic exploration stage. The complex technique includes determining free and bound water contents by the evaporation method with isotopic analysis (δ18O and δD) of the released water. The modified water extraction method provides a range of pore water salinity, while the modified alcohol ammonium chloride method measures the cation exchange capacity (CEC). Auxilary methods include Rock-Eval pyrolysis to determine organic matter content, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) to assess the mineral composition of sediments. The verification of the results for the BF rock samples was carried out according to the data obtained for the new/fresh core, while for the ACh rock samples — according to the results of the direct chemical composition analysis of the formation water. Despite the low permeability, we found that the BF and ACh rock samples during storage lost almost all (up to 90%) free water due to evaporation. At the same time, salts from formation water remained in the pore space, which made it possible to estimate the range of its NaCl salinity: 1.84–14.7 g/L for ACh rock samples and 4.49–20.19 g/L for BF rock samples. The obtained values set the lower limit of the possible pore water salinity of the studied ACh and BF rock samples. Moreover, the results match those from direct salinity measurements in the ACh depth intervals and the results of fresh BF core laboratory studies. We showed that the old/dry BF and ACh core could be effectively used to assess the bound water content with subsequent determination of its genesis from isotopic composition data and CEC measurements. This opportunity relies on the high clay content in the studied BF and ACh rock samples. The obtained results show the fundamental capability of informative laboratory studies of BF and ACh rock samples from public and private core storage facilities and give new life to archived and old/dry core.
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Montano, Eduardo E., and Edwin A. Peraza Hernandez. "Kinematic Design of Deployable Structures With Low Actuation Requirements Based on Pop-Up Folding." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-70026.
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Abstract This paper presents the kinematic modeling and design of deployable structures inspired by pop-up books. These pop-up structures can exhibit large changes in area and volume through deployment motion that resembles opening the pages of a book. The pop-up structures have a modular topology and are formed by multiple parallelepiped units, here termed as pop-up units. The analysis of the kinematics of single pop-up units and assemblies of these that form larger structures is presented. An algorithm that integrates multiple pop-up units to form structures that approximate two-dimensional and three-dimensional target shapes when deployed is subsequently devised. The algorithm ensures that the structures formed by the assemblies of multiple pop-up units retain the single degree of freedom of a pop-up unit. The stored strain energy of these structures, which can provide the means to deploy them in practice, is also analyzed. Finally, various examples showing the applicability of the design algorithm in the synthesis of pop-up structures that approximate a diverse set of two-dimensional and three-dimensional target shapes are provided. The pop-up structures can be applied to a large spectrum of applications that need extensive deployment from small volumes while requiring a low number of degrees of freedom. These applications may include aerospace structures and MEMS.
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Han, Yi, Mohsen Moghaddam, Meet Tusharbhai Suthar, and Gaurav Nanda. "Aspect-Sentiment-Guided Opinion Summarization for User Need Elicitation From Online Reviews." In ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-90108.
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Abstract Extracting and analyzing informative user opinion from large-scale online reviews is a key success factor in product design processes. However, user reviews are naturally unstructured, noisy, and verbose. Recent advances in abstractive text summrization provide an unprecedented opportunity to systematically generate summaries of user opinions to facilitate need finding for designers. Yet, two main gaps in the state-of-the-art opinion summarization methods limit their applicability to the product design domain. First is the lack of capabilities to guide the generative process with respect to various product aspects and user sentiments (e.g., polarity, subjectivity), and the second gap is the lack of annotated training datasets for supervised learning. This paper tackles these gaps by (1) devising an efficient and scalable methodology for abstractive opinion summarization from online reviews guided by aspects terms and sentiment polarities, and (2) automatically generating a reusable synthetic training dataset that captures various degrees of granularity and polarity. The methodology contributes a multi-instance pooling model with aspect and sentiment information integrated (MAS), a synthetic data assembled using the results of the MAS model, and a fine-tuned pretrained sequence-to-sequence model “T5” for summary generation. Numerical experiments are conducted on a large dataset scraped from a major e-commerce retail store for sneakers to demonstrate the performance, feasibility, and potentials of the developed methodology. Several directions are provided for future exploration in the area of automated opinion summarization for user-centered product design.
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Chirkov, I., Ekaterina Kantieva, and Larisa Ponomarenko. "OVERVIEW OF GLUED WOOD BUILDING MATERIALS." In Modern machines, equipment and IT solutions for industrial complex: theory and practice. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mmeitsic2021_379-385.
Full textAbstract:
Currently, environmental friendliness is one of the main requirements for products of any kind all over the world. The use of wood as a building material fully meets this requirement. Every year the share of wooden housing construction increases, and not only in the segment of low-rise, but also multi-storey wooden houses and structures. When working with a tree, it is necessary to take into account its features and disadvantages. When the humidity changes, the wood changes its size, is affected by fungi and insects, and has a high fire hazard class. In order to improve the performance properties of wood, its modification is widely used, through the use of various processing methods: drying, heat treatment, impregnation with various compositions, gluing. Recently, a large number of innovative construction materials based on wood bonding have appeared on the market: LVL-beams, CLT-panels, glued beams, wooden I-beams. The use of these materials from glued wood in construction allows the use of renewable, eco-friendly raw materials. And despite the higher cost of these materials compared to traditional building materials, they are competitive in their properties: light weight, less load on the foundation, are not subject to corrosion, are easily installed even in areas with difficult engineering and geological conditions, when exposed to fire, they retain their structural strength longer, are easily transported and disposed of.
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Dahiya, Abhishek, Jishnu Bhattacharya, and Nitin D. Banker. "Thermodynamic Analysis and Performance Enhancement of Air and CO2 Based Compressed Gas Storage Systems." In ASME 2019 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2019-2489.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Due to the depletion of fossil fuels and their adverse effects on the environment, there is a need of hour to shift towards the renewable energy resources. However, the most promising renewable resources such as wind power and solar power are intermittent in nature. Thus, a sustainable shift requires economical and efficient energy storage systems. Use of batteries is the widely accepted storage systems for such resources and significant research work has been carried out in last few decades to improve the cycle life of batteries but they are still unsuitable for large scale systems and disposal of discarded batteries is also a major environmental concern. In view of this, researchers found compressed gas energy storage (CGES) system as one of the potential alternatives to store renewable energy at large spatial and temporal scales. The current study provides a comparison between air and carbon dioxide (CO2) based CGES systems from a thermodynamic standpoint. In an effort of improving efficiency of system, it is proposed to supply additional heat via renewable resource to CO2 based system before the expansion of gas in the turbine. The performance comparison of six different systems has been carried out using first and second law efficiencies.
Reports on the topic "Large-Scale Retail Store Law"
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Willis, C., F. Jorgensen, S. A. Cawthraw, H. Aird, S. Lai, M. Chattaway, I. Lock, E. Quill, and G. Raykova. A survey of Salmonella, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and antimicrobial resistance in frozen, part-cooked, breaded or battered poultry products on retail sale in the United Kingdom. Food Standards Agency, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.xvu389.
Full textAbstract:
Frozen, breaded, ready-to-cook chicken products have been implicated in outbreaks of salmonellosis. Some of these outbreaks can be large. For example, one outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis involved 193 people in nine countries between 2018 and 2020, of which 122 cases were in the UK. These ready-to-cook products have a browned, cooked external appearance, which may be perceived as ready-to-eat, leading to mishandling or undercooking by consumers. Continuing concerns about these products led FSA to initiate a short-term (four month), cross-sectional surveillance study undertaken in 2021 to determine the prevalence of Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in frozen, breaded or battered chicken products on retail sale in the UK. This study sought to obtain data on AMR levels in Salmonella and E. coli in these products, in line with a number of other FSA instigated studies of the incidence and nature of AMR in the UK food chain, for example, the systematic review (2016). Between the beginning of April and the end of July 2021, 310 samples of frozen, breaded or battered chicken products containing either raw or partly cooked chicken, were collected using representative sampling of retailers in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland based on market share data. Samples included domestically produced and imported chicken products and were tested for E. coli (including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, colistin-resistant and carbapenem-resistant E. coli) and Salmonella spp. One isolate of each bacterial type from each contaminated sample was randomly selected for additional AMR testing to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for a range of antimicrobials. More detailed analysis based on Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) data was used to further characterise Salmonella spp. isolates and allow the identification of potential links with human isolates. Salmonella spp. were detected in 5 (1.6%) of the 310 samples and identified as Salmonella Infantis (in three samples) and S. Java (in two samples). One of the S. Infantis isolates fell into the same genetic cluster as S. Infantis isolates from three recent human cases of infection; the second fell into another cluster containing two recent cases of infection. Countries of origin recorded on the packaging of the five Salmonella contaminated samples were Hungary (n=1), Ireland (n=2) and the UK (n=2). One S. Infantis isolate was multi-drug resistant (i.e. resistant to three different classes of antimicrobials), while the other Salmonella isolates were each resistant to at least one of the classes of antimicrobials tested. E. coli was detected in 113 samples (36.4%), with counts ranging from <3 to >1100 MPN (Most Probable Number)/g. Almost half of the E. coli isolates (44.5%) were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. Multi-drug resistance was detected in 20.0% of E. coli isolates. E. coli isolates demonstrating the ESBL (but not AmpC) phenotype were detected in 15 of the 310 samples (4.8%) and the AmpC phenotype alone was detected in two of the 310 samples (0.6%) of chicken samples. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing showed that five of the 15 (33.3%) ESBL-producing E. coli carried blaCTX-M genes (CTX-M-1, CTX-M-55 or CTX-M-15), which confer resistance to third generation cephalosporin antimicrobials. One E. coli isolate demonstrated resistance to colistin and was found to possess the mcr-1 gene. The five Salmonella-positive samples recovered from this study, and 20 similar Salmonella-positive samples from a previous UKHSA (2020/2021) study (which had been stored frozen), were subjected to the cooking procedures described on the sample product packaging for fan assisted ovens. No Salmonella were detected in any of these 25 samples after cooking. The current survey provides evidence of the presence of Salmonella in frozen, breaded and battered chicken products in the UK food chain, although at a considerably lower incidence than reported in an earlier (2020/2021) study carried out by PHE/UKHSA as part of an outbreak investigation where Salmonella prevalence was found to be 8.8%. The current survey also provides data on the prevalence of specified AMR bacteria found in the tested chicken products on retail sale in the UK. It will contribute to monitoring trends in AMR prevalence over time within the UK, support comparisons with data from other countries, and provide a baseline against which to monitor the impact of future interventions. While AMR activity was observed in some of the E. coli and Salmonella spp. examined in this study, the risk of acquiring AMR bacteria from consumption of these processed chicken products is low if the products are cooked thoroughly and handled hygienically.