Relevant bibliographies by topics / Large spatial scales

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Large spatial scales'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 June 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Large spatial scales"

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Horne, John K., and David C. Schneider. "Spatial variance of mobile aquatic organisms: capelin and cod in Newfoundland coastal waters." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 352, no. 1353 (1997): 633–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0043.

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Spatial variance in the distribution of aquatic mobile organisms differs from that of passive tracers such as phytoplankton or water temperature. On average, spatial variance of phytoplankton scales with sample unit as L 2 or equivalently with frequency as f −2 . Limited evidence suggests that spatial variance in the distribution of mobile organisms is concentrated at relatively small scales, with little increase over larger scales: spatial variance scales as f −1 or less. We investigated whether spatial variance in distributions of a mobile predator, Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ), and a schoo
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Rosenberg, D. M., F. Berkes, R. A. Bodaly, R. E. Hecky, C. A. Kelly, and J. WM Rudd. "Large-scale impacts of hydroelectric development." Environmental Reviews 5, no. 1 (1997): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a97-001.

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The substantial size of some hydroelectric projects and the extensive total surface area covered by reservoirs globally require that research determining the impacts of these developments be done at ever-increasing spatial and temporal scales. As a consequence of this research, new views are emerging about the spatial extent and longevity of the environmental and social impacts of such developments. New findings challenge the notion of hydroelectric development as a benign alternative to other forms of power generation. This review examines the intertwined environmental and social effects of m
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Laurance, William F. "Do edge effects occur over large spatial scales?" Trends in Ecology & Evolution 15, no. 4 (2000): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(00)01838-3.

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Moura, Priscila A., Fletcher J. Young, Monica Monllor, Marcio Z. Cardoso, and Stephen H. Montgomery. "Long-term spatial memory across large spatial scales in Heliconius butterflies." Current Biology 33, no. 15 (2023): R797—R798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.009.

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Lyons, Mitchell B., Scott D. Foster, and David A. Keith. "Simultaneous vegetation classification and mapping at large spatial scales." Journal of Biogeography 44, no. 12 (2017): 2891–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13088.

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Chu, Yaoquan, and LiZhi Fang. "Spatial Distribution of Quasars." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 124 (1987): 627–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900159650.

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The distribution of quasars has become one of the most interesting problems in observational cosmology. This is due mainly to the development of theory of the formation of large scale structure in the universe. In recent years, several scenarios of clustering have been proposed. In the adiabatic case, the clustering process is from larger scales to smaller ones, i.e., the first systems to form out would be on the scale of superclusters, then these systems fragment to form smaller scale systems such as galaxies. In the isothermal case, the clustering is from smaller scales to larger ones, namel
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Mittermaier, Marion, and Nigel Roberts. "Intercomparison of Spatial Forecast Verification Methods: Identifying Skillful Spatial Scales Using the Fractions Skill Score." Weather and Forecasting 25, no. 1 (2010): 343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009waf2222260.1.

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Abstract The fractions skill score (FSS) was one of the measures that formed part of the Intercomparison of Spatial Forecast Verification Methods project. The FSS was used to assess a common dataset that consisted of real and perturbed Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model precipitation forecasts, as well as geometric cases. These datasets are all based on the NCEP 240 grid, which translates to approximately 4-km resolution over the contiguous United States. The geometric cases showed that the FSS can provide a truthful assessment of displacement errors and forecast skill. In addition,
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Chen, Shiliu, Kaighin A. McColl, Alexis Berg, and Yuefei Huang. "Surface Flux Equilibrium Estimates of Evapotranspiration at Large Spatial Scales." Journal of Hydrometeorology 22, no. 4 (2021): 765–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-20-0204.1.

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AbstractA recent theory proposes that inland continental regions are in a state of surface flux equilibrium (SFE), in which tight coupling between the land and atmosphere allow estimation of the Bowen ratio at daily to monthly time scales solely from atmospheric measurements, without calibration, even when the land surface strongly constrains the surface energy budget. However, since the theory has only been evaluated at quasi-point spatial scales using eddy covariance measurements with limited global coverage, it is unclear if it is applicable to the larger spatial scales relevant to studies
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Schick, RS, PN Halpin, AJ Read, et al. "Community structure in pelagic marine mammals at large spatial scales." Marine Ecology Progress Series 434 (July 28, 2011): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps09183.

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Chen, Chih-Chieh, Gregory J. Hakim, and Dale R. Durran. "Transient Mountain Waves and Their Interaction with Large Scales." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 7 (2007): 2378–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3972.1.

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Abstract The impact of transient mountain waves on a large-scale flow is examined through idealized numerical simulations of the passage of a time-evolving synoptic-scale jet over an isolated 3D mountain. Both the global momentum budget and the spatial flow response are examined to illustrate the impact of transient mountain waves on the large-scale flow. Additionally, aspects of the spatial response are quantified by potential vorticity inversion. Nearly linear cases exhibit a weak loss of domain-averaged absolute momentum despite the absence of wave breaking. This transient effect occurs bec
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Large spatial scales"

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Feldman, Richard. "Toward a theory of abundance at large spatial scales." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104707.

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Fundamentally, ecology is the study of the diversity, distribution, and abundance of organisms. Recent advances in technology coupled with expanding research goals have lead to studies of how the first two of these properties vary over large spatial scales. There has been relatively few cases documenting large scale spatial variation in abundance and very little theoretical development explaining such variation. Yet a general pattern exists: a species is abundant in very few places and rare in most places in its range. Current theory suggests that such a pattern of abundance reflects underlyin
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Monroe, Emy M. "Population Genetics and Phylogeography of Two Large-River Freshwater Mussel Species at Large and Small Spatial Scales." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1218129323.

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Turner, Sara M. "Understanding river herring movement patterns at small and large spatial scales through geochemical markers." Thesis, State University of New York Col. of Environmental Science & Forestry, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3628508.

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<p> Environmentally-derived elemental and isotopic ratios in the otoliths of anadromous river herring (alewife, <i>Alosa pseudoharengus,</i> and blueback herring, <i>A. aestivalis</i>) were used to distinguish among groups of fish at spatial scales ranging from sub-populations within a watershed to populations from throughout the species' ranges. These ratios were also used to understand early life migrations and habitat use within and among populations. Sub-populations within the Hudson River, NY were accurately distinguished (> 95%), and populations from the Hudson River and Long Island, NY
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Gallienne, Christopher Paul. "The development of novel techniques for characterisation of marine zooplankton over very large spatial scales." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1727.

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Marine zooplankton play an important role in the transfer of CO2 from the atmosphere/ocean system to deeper waters and the sediments. They also provide food for much of the world's fish stocks and in some areas of the ocean depleted of nutrients they sustain phytoplankton growth by recycling nutrients. They therefore have a profound effect on the carbon cycle and upon life in the oceans. There is a perceived lack of information about global distributions of zooplankton needed to validate ecosystems dynamics models, and the traditional methods of survey are inadequate to provide this informatio
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Hoult, Crispin. "The requirements, implementation and use of a generic foundation dataset for large-scales spatial data management." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295514.

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Golinkoff, Jordan Seth. "Estimation and modeling of forest attributes across large spatial scales using BiomeBGC, high-resolution imagery, LiDAR data, and inventory data." Thesis, University of Montana, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3568103.

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<p> The accurate estimation of forest attributes at many different spatial scales is a critical problem. Forest landowners may be interested in estimating timber volume, forest biomass, and forest structure to determine their forest's condition and value. Counties and states may be interested to learn about their forests to develop sustainable management plans and policies related to forests, wildlife, and climate change. Countries and consortiums of countries need information about their forests to set global and national targets to deal with issues of climate change and deforestation as well
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Vercelloni, Julie. "Quantifying the state of populations and effects of disturbances at large spatio-temporal scales: The case of coral populations in the great barrier reef." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/87812/1/Julie_Vercelloni_Thesis.pdf.

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This project was a step forward in applying statistical methods and models to provide new insights for more informed decision-making at large spatial scales. The model has been designed to address complicated effects of ecological processes that govern the state of populations and uncertainties inherent in large spatio-temporal datasets. Specifically, the thesis contributes to better understanding and management of the Great Barrier Reef.
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Bhowmik, Avit Kumar [Verfasser], Ralf B. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schäfer, and Thomas [Gutachter] Horvath. "Human and Ecological Impacts of Freshwater Degradation on Large Scales. Development and Integration of Spatial Models with Ecological Models for Spatial-ecological Analyses / Avit Kumar Bhowmik. Betreuer: Ralf B. Schäfer. Gutachter: Thomas Horvath." Landau : Universität Koblenz-Landau, Campus Landau, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1107775760/34.

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Padié, Sophie. "Réponse des cervidés à la chasse : stratégies d’utilisation de l’espace à multiples échelles et conséquences sur la végétation." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20185.

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La chasse – comme la prédation naturelle - induit des réponses comportementales par les individus chassés qui cherchent ainsi à éviter ou à reduire le risque. Il est en particulier fréquent d'observer un changement dans leur utilisation de l'espace, mais l'articulation et les déterminants des réponses aux différentes échelles spatiales restent mal compris. De même, s'il a été suggéré que ces modifications comportementales pouvaient affecter en cascade la végétation, cela reste à tester. Pour combler ces lacunes, j'ai, (1) étudié, dans un paysage agricole du sud de la France, une population cha
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Papin, Morgane. "Apport de la bioacoustique pour le suivi d’une espèce discrète : le Loup gris (Canis lupus)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0258/document.

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Le nombre croissant de travaux réalisés ces dernières années a montré que la bioacoustique est particulièrement intéressante pour le suivi d’espèces discrètes. L’émergence de dispositifs d’enregistrement autonomes, associée à de nouvelles méthodes d’analyse, ont récemment participé à l’accroissement des études dans ce domaine. Au cours des 30 dernières années, le Loup gris (Canis lupus), mammifère carnivore aux mœurs discrètes connu pour ses hurlements de longue portée, a fait l’objet de nombreuses études acoustiques. Ces dernières visaient notamment à améliorer son suivi, qui s’avère complexe
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Books on the topic "Large spatial scales"

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Jianguo, Wu, Bradford David F, and Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory (Las Vegas, Nev.), eds. Stressor data sets for studying species diversity at large spatial scales. Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1995.

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Spatial, Light Modulators and Applications Topical Meeting (1997 Incline Village Nev ). Spatial light modulators. The Society, 1997.

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1947-, Burdge Geoffrey Lynn, Esener Sadik C, and Optical Society of America, eds. Spatial light modulators: From the topical meeting, March 17-19, 1997, Incline Village, Nevada. The Society, 1997.

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America, Optical Society of, ed. Spatial light modulators: Technical digest, March 17-19, 1997, Hyatt Regency Lake Tahoe, Incline Village, Nevada. The Society, 1997.

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Ranade, Ashwini A. Large-scale wet spell and spatio-temporal rainfall extremes over India during 1951-2007. Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, 2010.

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Lasers and Electro-optics Society (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) and Optical Society of America, eds. Spatial light modulators and integrated optoelectronic arrays: April 12-14, 1999, Snowmass Conference Center, Snowmass Village at Aspen, Colorado. Optical Society of America, 1999.

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Mazo, Aleksandr, and Konstantin Potashev. The superelements. Modeling of oil fields development. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1043236.

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This monograph presents the basics of super-element modeling method of two-phase fluid flows occurring during the development of oil reservoir. The simulation is performed in two stages to reduce the spatial and temporal scales of the studied processes. In the first stage of modeling of development of oil deposits built long-term (for decades) the model of the global dynamics of the flooding on the super-element computational grid with a step equal to the average distance between wells (200-500 m). Local filtration flow, caused by the action of geological and technical methods of stimulation,
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Nobre, Anna C. (Kia), and M.-Marsel Mesulam. Large-scale Networks for Attentional Biases. Edited by Anna C. (Kia) Nobre and Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.035.

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Selective attention is essential for all aspects of cognition. Using the paradigmatic case of visual spatial attention, we present a theoretical account proposing the flexible control of attention through coordinated activity across a large-scale network of brain areas. It reviews evidence supporting top-down control of visual spatial attention by a distributed network, and describes principles emerging from a network approach. Stepping beyond the paradigm of visual spatial attention, we consider attentional control mechanisms more broadly. The chapter suggests that top-down biasing mechanisms
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Sudra, Paweł. Rozpraszanie i koncentracja zabudowy na przykładzie aglomeracji warszawskiej po 1989 roku = Dispersion and concentration of built-up areas on the example of the Warsaw agglomeration after 1989. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego, Polska Akademia Nauk, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/9788361590057.

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The research problem undertaken in the study is the occurrence of dispersed and concentrated built-up (in particular residential) area patterns caused by suburbanisation processes in a large urban agglomeration, on the example of the Warsaw metropolitan area. The research concerned the period after 1989, when the political and economic transformation in Poland began. The historical and contemporary socio-economic conditions of suburbanization and urban sprawl are described, which have the features of a spontaneous, chaotic dispersion, quite different than in Western countries. It is partly to
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Marshall, Kristin N., and Phillip S. Levin. When “sustainable” fishing isn’t. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808978.003.0017.

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This chapter highlights conflicts created by fishing at levels generally thought to be sustainable. Sustainable seafood has been defined as providing food today without affecting the ability of future generations to obtain food. But this straightforward definition belies the complexity of sustainability. Models suggest that even under low levels of fishing there can be large impacts on ecosystem attributes, and thus the small reductions from sustainable harvest levels that have been advocated as a win-win solution do not necessarily lead to ecosystem benefits. Second, a case study of herring f
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Book chapters on the topic "Large spatial scales"

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Walters, Carl. "Adaptive Policy Design: Thinking at Large Spatial Scales." In Wildlife and Landscape Ecology. Springer New York, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1918-7_16.

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Wessman, Carol A., and Gregory P. Asner. "Ecosystems and Problems of Measurement at Large Spatial Scales." In Successes, Limitations, and Frontiers in Ecosystem Science. Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1724-4_14.

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Doignon, Yoann, Isabelle Blöss-Widmer, Elena Ambrosetti, and Sébastien Oliveau. "Spatial Distribution of Population and Urbanisation." In Population Dynamics in the Mediterranean. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37759-4_2.

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AbstractPopulations are not randomly distributed across the Earth's surface. Some regions are almost empty, while others concentrate with a large proportion of the human population. Analysing the spatial distribution of a population is an exercise involving geography and demography. It takes place on different scales, both global and local, as given the striking uneven distribution of populations in the Mediterranean and all over the world. This chapter will begin by describing the Mediterranean settlement, emphasising the contrasts that exist at different scales, and then identifying regularities and explanatory factors. We will end by looking at the phenomena structuring the contemporary distribution of the population: metropolisation and coastalisation.
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Gafta, Dan, and Sorana Muncaciu. "Large Habitat Range But Low Floristic Variation: The Case of Festuco rubrae-Agrostietum capillaris Grasslands." In Vegetation Structure and Function at Multiple Spatial, Temporal and Conceptual Scales. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21452-8_13.

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Diaz, Henry F. "Temperature changes on long time and large spatial scales: Inferences from instrumental and proxy records." In Climatic Variations and Forcing Mechanisms of the Last 2000 Years. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61113-1_28.

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Schrodt, Franziska, Betsabe de la Barreda Bautista, Christopher Williams, Doreen S. Boyd, Gabriela Schaepman-Strub, and Maria J. Santos. "Integrating Biodiversity, Remote Sensing, and Auxiliary Information for the Study of Ecosystem Functioning and Conservation at Large Spatial Scales." In Remote Sensing of Plant Biodiversity. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33157-3_17.

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AbstractAssessing patterns and processes of plant functional, taxonomic, genetic, and structural biodiversity at large scales is essential across many disciplines, including ecosystem management, agriculture, ecosystem risk and service assessment, conservation science, and forestry. In situ data housed in databases necessary to perform such assessments over large parts of the world are growing steadily. Integrating these in situ data with remote sensing (RS) products helps not only to improve data completeness and quality but also to account for limitations and uncertainties associated with each data product. Here, we outline how auxiliary environmental and socioeconomic data might be integrated with biodiversity and RS data to expand our knowledge about ecosystem functioning and inform the conservation of biodiversity. We discuss concepts, data, and methods necessary to assess plant species and ecosystem properties across scales of space and time and provide a critical discussion of outstanding issues.
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Nikolaou, Z. M., Y. Minamoto, C. Chrysostomou, and L. Vervisch. "Machine-Learning for Stress Tensor Modelling in Large Eddy Simulation." In Lecture Notes in Energy. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16248-0_4.

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AbstractThe accurate modelling of the unresolved stress tensor is particularly important for Large Eddy Simulations (LES) of turbulent flows. This term affects the transfer of energy from the largest to the smallest scales and vice versa, thus controlling the evolution of the flow field-in reacting flows, the flow field transports scalar fields such as mass fractions and temperature both of which control the species production and destruction rates. A large number of models have been developed in past years for the stress tensor in incompressible and non-reacting flows. A common characteristic of the majority of the classical models is that simplifying assumptions are typically involved in their derivation which limits their predictive ability. At the same time, various tunable parameters appear in the relevant closures whose value depends on the flow geometry/configuration/spatial location, and which require careful regularisation. Data-driven methods for the stress tensor is an emerging alternative modelling approach which may help to circumvent the above issues, and in recent studies several such models were developed and evaluated. This chapter discusses the modelling problem, presents some of the most popular algebraic models, and reviews some recent advances on data-driven methods.
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Keet, Jan-Hendrik, Allan G. Ellis, Cang Hui, and Johannes J. Le Roux. "Responses of Soil Bacterial Communities to Invasive Australian Acacia Species Over Large Spatial Scales." In Wattles. CABI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800622197.0024.

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Fu, Wenxue, Jianwen Ma, Pei Chen, and Fang Chen. "Remote Sensing Satellites for Digital Earth." In Manual of Digital Earth. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9915-3_3.

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Abstract The term remote sensing became common after 1962 and generally refers to nonintrusive Earth observation using electromagnetic waves from a platform some distance away from the object of the study. After more than five decades of development, humankind can now use different types of optical and microwave sensors to obtain large datasets with high precision and high resolution for the atmosphere, ocean, and land. The frequency of data acquisition ranges from once per month to once per minute, the spatial resolution ranges from kilometer to centimeter scales, and the electromagnetic spectrum covers wavebands ranging from visible light to microwave wavelengths. Technological progress in remote sensing sensors enables us to obtain data on the global scale, remarkably expanding humanity’s understanding of its own living environment from spatial and temporal perspectives, and provides an increasing number of data resources for Digital Earth. This chapter introduces the developments and trends in remote sensing satellites around the world.
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Barthelemy, Marc. "Large-Scale Tools." In Spatial Networks. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94106-2_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Large spatial scales"

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HOGG, JOHN T. "MATING SYSTEMS AND CONSERVATION AT LARGE SPATIAL SCALES." In Proceedings of the 14th Course of the International School of Ethology. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812793584_0010.

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Zhang, Xuewu, Fenzhen Su, Yawen He, and Yishao Shi. "Spatial Concentration and Specialization of Large-Scale Commodity Exchange Markets in China under Multi-spatial Scales." In 2008 International Workshop on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ETT and GRS). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ettandgrs.2008.141.

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Gilerson, Alexander, Eder Herrera, Philipp Groetsch, Robert Foster, and Mateusz Malinowski. "Uncertainties in remote sensing reflectance at various spatial scales." In Remote Sensing of the Ocean, Sea Ice, Coastal Waters, and Large Water Regions 2020, edited by Charles R. Bostater, Xavier Neyt, and Françoise Viallefont-Robinet. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2574328.

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Lloyd-Hart, M., R. Dekany, D. Wittman, et al. "Results of Adaptive Correction of Amospheric Piston and Tilt Errors at the Multiple Mirror Telescope." In Adaptive Optics for Large Telescopes. Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/aolt.1992.awa4.

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An objective of our adaptive optics research at the 7-m Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT) is to investigate ways of reconstructing wavefront errors accurately over large spatial scales. Correction of tilt error across and piston errors between each of the six 1.8-m diameter segments of the MMT is sufficient to recover the full diffraction-limited resolution at 2.2 μm of 0.06 arcseconds full width at half maximum1.
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Liu, Zhiqing, Zhen Zhang, and Peng Yan. "A Spatial Design of a Large Stroke Compliant XY Nanomanipulator with Cross-Coupling Error Reduction." In 2019 International Conference on Manipulation, Automation and Robotics at Small Scales (MARSS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/marss.2019.8860928.

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Tsuji, T., A. Ito, and T. Tanaka. "Characteristic Spatial Scales of Particle Clusters Formed in Gas-Solid Flow." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37260.

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Spatial scale characteristics of particle clusters are investigated by directly performing Fourier transform of spatial particle concentration distributions. Flow field data are obtained by large-scale Eulerian / Lagrangian simulations. All calculations are performed in three-dimensions and more than sixteen million particles are tracked in the maximum case. The inter-particle collision plays an important role for the development of particle clusters. In this study, results obtained by using the stochastic model based on direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) are compared with that by the determ
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Stoner, William W. "Estimation of a sensor's ground sample profile with imagery collected at small and large spatial scales." In SPIE's 1996 International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, edited by Sylvia S. Shen. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.257180.

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Shockro, Jennifer, and Haris J. Catrakis. "Large Scale Geometrical Aspects of Turbulent Jet Scalar Regions and Interfaces: Measurement and Modeling." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37091.

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This study focuses on the measurement and modeling of large scale geometrical aspects of turbulent jet scalar regions and interfaces. While several previous studies have focused on the small scale geometrical properties using fractal ideas, examination of the large scale geometrical aspects requires the development of what we call generalized fractals, i.e. the scale-dependent generalization of the original self-similar geometric framework. Our work involves the purely meshless approach to the determination of the generalized fractal properties, pioneered by Catrakis, that eliminates the need
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Anderson, D. S., G. R. Cao, and C. L. Koliopoulos. "Direct Phase Measurement of Large Optics with a Compact Interferometer." In Optical Fabrication and Testing. Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oft.1986.thb3.

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The requirements on figure quality of large optics, particularly in the mid to high spatial frequencies have pushed beyond the limits of resolution of some common wavefront analysis methods such as the reduction of interferograms. The smoothness requirement for some astronomical mirrors on spatial scales of a few centimeters is on the order of .01 Arms making fabrication and testing of these mirrors difficult. The advent of direct phase measuring interferometry with the use of high density CCD or photodiode arrays has provided a means to achieve the necessary resolution.
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Bodony, Daniel, and Sanjiva Lele. "Spatial Scale Decomposition of Shear Layer Turbulence and the Sound Sources Associated with the Missing Scales in a Large-Eddy Simulation." In 8th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference & Exhibit. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2002-2454.

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Reports on the topic "Large spatial scales"

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Zhang, Renduo, and David Russo. Scale-dependency and spatial variability of soil hydraulic properties. United States Department of Agriculture, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7587220.bard.

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Water resources assessment and protection requires quantitative descriptions of field-scale water flow and contaminant transport through the subsurface, which, in turn, require reliable information about soil hydraulic properties. However, much is still unknown concerning hydraulic properties and flow behavior in heterogeneous soils. Especially, relationships of hydraulic properties changing with measured scales are poorly understood. Soil hydraulic properties are usually measured at a small scale and used for quantifying flow and transport in large scales, which causes misleading results. The
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Alter, Ross, Michelle Swearingen, and Mihan McKenna. The influence of mesoscale atmospheric convection on local infrasound propagation. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48157.

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Infrasound—that is, acoustic waves with frequencies below the threshold of human hearing—has historically been used to detect and locate distant explosive events over global ranges (≥1,000 km). Simulations over these ranges have traditionally relied on large-scale, synoptic meteorological information. However, infrasound propagation over shorter, local ranges (0–100 km) may be affected by smaller, mesoscale meteorological features. To identify the effects of these mesoscale meteorological features on local infrasound propagation, simulations were conducted using the Weather Research and Foreca
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Lima, Eirivelthon, Siwa Msangi, Miroslav Batka, Stephen Vosti, Chad Zanocco, and Ricardo Quiroga. Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Latin America and the Caribbean: Current Situation, Future Trends and One Policy Experiment. Inter-American Development Bank, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006790.

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This study employs the IFPRI IMPACT model to examine the effects of a hypothetical ban on the clearing of native vegetation for agriculture in tropical areas within LAC on GHG emissions, food production, food prices, and child malnutrition at several spatial scales. Results suggest that a complete ban on land clearing for agriculture would significantly reduce GHG emissions associated with the clearing of forests and other forms of natural vegetation vis-à-vis what would have occurred in the absence of the ban. The ban would also reduce agricultural production within tropical areas in LAC, how
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Douglas, Thomas, and Caiyun Zhang. Machine learning analyses of remote sensing measurements establish strong relationships between vegetation and snow depth in the boreal forest of Interior Alaska. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41222.

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The seasonal snowpack plays a critical role in Arctic and boreal hydrologic and ecologic processes. Though snow depth can be different from one season to another there are repeated relationships between ecotype and snowpack depth. Alterations to the seasonal snowpack, which plays a critical role in regulating wintertime soil thermal conditions, have major ramifications for near-surface permafrost. Therefore, relationships between vegetation and snowpack depth are critical for identifying how present and projected future changes in winter season processes or land cover will affect permafrost. V
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Russo, David, and William A. Jury. Characterization of Preferential Flow in Spatially Variable Unsaturated Field Soils. United States Department of Agriculture, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7580681.bard.

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Preferential flow appears to be the rule rather than the exception in field soils and should be considered in the quantitative description of solute transport in the unsaturated zone of heterogeneous formations on the field scale. This study focused on both experimental monitoring and computer simulations to identify important features of preferential flow in the natural environment. The specific objectives of this research were: (1) To conduct dye tracing and multiple tracer experiments on undisturbed field plots to reveal information about the flow velocity, spatial prevalence, and time evol
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Burns, S. P., and M. A. Christon. Spatial domain-based parallelism in large scale, participating-media, radiative transport applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/402363.

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Li, Daijiang, Sydne Record, Eric Sokol, et al. Standardized NEON Organismal Data for Biodiversity Research. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48421.

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Understanding patterns and drivers of species distribution and abundance, and thus biodiversity, is a core goal of ecology. Despite advances in recent decades, research into these patterns and processes is limited by a lack of standardized, high-quality, empirical data spanning large spatial scales and long time periods. The NEON fills this gap by providing freely available observational data generated during robust and consistent organismal sampling of several sentinel taxonomic groups within 81 sites distributed across the US and will be collected for at least 30 years. The breadth and scope
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Harms, Nathan, Judy Shearer, James Cronin, and John Gaskin. Geographic and genetic variation in susceptibility of Butomus umbellatus to foliar fungal pathogens. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41662.

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Large-scale patterns of plant invasions may reflect regional heterogeneity in biotic and abiotic factors and genetic variation within and between invading populations. Having information on how effects of biotic resistance vary spatially can be especially important when implementing biological control because introduced agents may have different Impacts through interactions with host-plant genotype, local environment, or other novel enemies. We conducted a series of field surveys and laboratory studies to determine whether there was evidence of biotic resistance, as foliar fungal pathogens, in
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Rémy, Elisabeth, Romain Escudier, and Alexandre Mignot. Access impact of observations. EuroSea, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d4.8.

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The accuracy of the Copernicus Marine Environment and Monitoring Service (CMEMS) ocean analysis and forecasts highly depend on the availability and quality of observations to be assimilated. In situ observations are complementary to satellite observations that are restricted to the ocean surface. Higher resolution model forecasts are required by users of the CMEMS global and regional ocean analysis and forecasts. To support this with an efficient observational constrain of the model forecast via data assimilation, an increase observation coverage is needed, associated with an improved usage of
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Robert Pincus. Accounting for Unresolved Spatial Variability in Large Scale Models: Development and Evaluation of a Statistical Cloud Parameterization with Prognostic Higher Order Moments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1013591.

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