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Books on the topic 'Large spatial scales'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 June 2024

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1

Jianguo, Wu, Bradford David F, and Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory (Las Vegas, Nev.), eds. Stressor data sets for studying species diversity at large spatial scales. Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1995.

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2

Spatial, Light Modulators and Applications Topical Meeting (1997 Incline Village Nev ). Spatial light modulators. The Society, 1997.

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3

1947-, Burdge Geoffrey Lynn, Esener Sadik C, and Optical Society of America, eds. Spatial light modulators: From the topical meeting, March 17-19, 1997, Incline Village, Nevada. The Society, 1997.

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4

America, Optical Society of, ed. Spatial light modulators: Technical digest, March 17-19, 1997, Hyatt Regency Lake Tahoe, Incline Village, Nevada. The Society, 1997.

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5

Ranade, Ashwini A. Large-scale wet spell and spatio-temporal rainfall extremes over India during 1951-2007. Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, 2010.

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6

Lasers and Electro-optics Society (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) and Optical Society of America, eds. Spatial light modulators and integrated optoelectronic arrays: April 12-14, 1999, Snowmass Conference Center, Snowmass Village at Aspen, Colorado. Optical Society of America, 1999.

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7

Mazo, Aleksandr, and Konstantin Potashev. The superelements. Modeling of oil fields development. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1043236.

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This monograph presents the basics of super-element modeling method of two-phase fluid flows occurring during the development of oil reservoir. The simulation is performed in two stages to reduce the spatial and temporal scales of the studied processes. In the first stage of modeling of development of oil deposits built long-term (for decades) the model of the global dynamics of the flooding on the super-element computational grid with a step equal to the average distance between wells (200-500 m). Local filtration flow, caused by the action of geological and technical methods of stimulation,

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8

Nobre, Anna C. (Kia), and M.-Marsel Mesulam. Large-scale Networks for Attentional Biases. Edited by Anna C. (Kia) Nobre and Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.035.

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Selective attention is essential for all aspects of cognition. Using the paradigmatic case of visual spatial attention, we present a theoretical account proposing the flexible control of attention through coordinated activity across a large-scale network of brain areas. It reviews evidence supporting top-down control of visual spatial attention by a distributed network, and describes principles emerging from a network approach. Stepping beyond the paradigm of visual spatial attention, we consider attentional control mechanisms more broadly. The chapter suggests that top-down biasing mechanisms

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9

Sudra, Paweł. Rozpraszanie i koncentracja zabudowy na przykładzie aglomeracji warszawskiej po 1989 roku = Dispersion and concentration of built-up areas on the example of the Warsaw agglomeration after 1989. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego, Polska Akademia Nauk, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/9788361590057.

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The research problem undertaken in the study is the occurrence of dispersed and concentrated built-up (in particular residential) area patterns caused by suburbanisation processes in a large urban agglomeration, on the example of the Warsaw metropolitan area. The research concerned the period after 1989, when the political and economic transformation in Poland began. The historical and contemporary socio-economic conditions of suburbanization and urban sprawl are described, which have the features of a spontaneous, chaotic dispersion, quite different than in Western countries. It is partly to

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10

Marshall, Kristin N., and Phillip S. Levin. When “sustainable” fishing isn’t. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808978.003.0017.

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This chapter highlights conflicts created by fishing at levels generally thought to be sustainable. Sustainable seafood has been defined as providing food today without affecting the ability of future generations to obtain food. But this straightforward definition belies the complexity of sustainability. Models suggest that even under low levels of fishing there can be large impacts on ecosystem attributes, and thus the small reductions from sustainable harvest levels that have been advocated as a win-win solution do not necessarily lead to ecosystem benefits. Second, a case study of herring f

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11

Dimitrov, Dimitar, Danilo M. Neves, and Xiaoting Xu, eds. Temporal and Large-Scale Spatial Patterns of Plant Diversity and Diversification. Frontiers Media SA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88976-336-8.

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12

Deruelle, Nathalie, and Jean-Philippe Uzan. Cosmological perturbations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786399.003.0061.

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This chapter describes the first steps toward an understanding of large structures, which are observed in the universe at all scales—galaxies, groups of galaxies, and galactic clusters. It does so by studying the evolution of perturbations at linear order in Friedmann–Lemaître spacetimes. To simplify the discussion, the chapter limits the scope to the textbook case where the spatial sections of the background space are Euclidean (K = 0), and anisotropic perturbations and entropy perturbations are absent. This basically means that the matter reduces to a single fluid. The relativistic and Newto

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13

Large scale spatial patterns of conifer diseases in the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1993.

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14

Schreiner, Christopher S. Processing and representing categorical and metric spatial relations in large-scale environments. 1997.

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15

Jacobsen, Dean, and Olivier Dangles. Living conditions in high altitude waters. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198736868.003.0003.

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Chapter 3 deals with the abiotic environment in high altitude lakes and streams worldwide. It searches for general patterns in relation to altitude, without overlooking the enormous variability, both temporally as well as at small and large spatial scales. Overall, environmental conditions in high altitude waters may be regarded as harsh. Indeed, certain features such as low temperature, low oxygen pressure, and high ultraviolet radiation (all a direct result of high altitude) as well as transparent and ion-poor waters with low nutrient concentrations are typical of high altitude aquatic syste

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16

Pernet, Bruno, ed. Larval Feeding: Mechanisms, Rates, and Performance in Nature. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786962.003.0007.

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Larvae of many marine invertebrates must capture and ingest particulate food in order to develop to metamorphosis. These larvae use only a few physical processes to capture particles, but implement these processes using diverse morphologies and behaviors. Detailed understanding of larval feeding mechanism permits investigators to make predictions about feeding performance, including the size spectrum of particles larvae can capture and the rates at which they can capture them. In nature, larvae are immersed in complex mixtures of edible particles of varying size, density, flavor, and nutrition

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17

Busuioc, Aristita, and Alexandru Dumitrescu. Empirical-Statistical Downscaling: Nonlinear Statistical Downscaling. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.770.

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This is an advance summary of a forthcoming article in the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science. Please check back later for the full article.The concept of statistical downscaling or empirical-statistical downscaling became a distinct and important scientific approach in climate science in recent decades, when the climate change issue and assessment of climate change impact on various social and natural systems have become international challenges. Global climate models are the best tools for estimating future climate conditions. Even if improvements can be made in state-of-the art

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18

Optical Society of America (Corporate Author), Geoffrey Lynn Burdge (Editor), Sadik C. Esener (Editor), and Geoffrey Burdge (Editor), eds. Spatial Light Modulators: From the Topical Meeting, March 17-19, 1997, Incline Village, Nevada (Trends in Optics & Photonics Series Vol. 14). American Society of Civil Engineers, 1997.

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19

Michel, Christoph M., and Bin He. EEG Mapping and Source Imaging. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0045.

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This chapter describes methods to analyze the scalp electric field recorded with multichannel electroencephalography (EEG). With advances in high-density EEG, systems now allow fast and easy recording from 64 to 256 channels simultaneously. Pattern-recognition algorithms can characterize the topography of scalp electric fields and detect changes in topography over time and between experimental or clinical conditions. Methods for estimating the sources underlying the recorded scalp potential maps have increased the spatial resolution of EEG. The use of anatomical information in EEG source recon

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20

Jef ferys, John G. R. Cortical activity: single cell, cell assemblages, and networks. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0004.

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This chapter describes how the activity of neurons produces electrical potentials that can be recorded at the levels of single cells, small groups of neurons, and larger neuronal networks. It outlines how the movement of ions across neuronal membranes produces action potentials and synaptic potentials. It considers how the spatial arrangement of specific ion channels on the neuronal surface can produce potentials that can be recorded from the extracellular space. Finally, it outlines how the layered cellular structure of the neocortex can result in summation of signals from many neurons to be

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21

Beaugrand, Gregory. Plankton Biodiversity and Biogeography. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199233267.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses the biodiversity and main biogeographic patterns of marine plankton, the causes of such patterns, as well as factors that influence spatial and temporal plankton distribution. Plankton are influenced by a large number of environmental factors and as a result are not distributed randomly in the oceans and seas. Plankton biodiversity is constrained by hydroclimatic parameters such as temperature, bathymetry, and oceanic surface currents or large-scale hydrodynamic features such as the subarctic gyre. Plankton also follow most of the main divisions of the pelagic realm. The

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22

Brown, Kate Pride. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190660949.003.0001.

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Whereas civil society has previously been considered a “check” upon concentrated elite power, this chapter explains civil society as one player in a larger field of power. The field of power is a meta-field that contains all other social fields. To contend in the field of power requires a generalizable power source, and these powers operate simultaneously at two levels: in discrete social fields and in the field of power as a whole. Thus, through a close examination of a single social field, one can trace the shape of the larger field of power. Because power can be garnered and deployed in mul

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23

Ślusarski, Marek. Metody i modele oceny jakości danych przestrzennych. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-30-4.

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The quality of data collected in official spatial databases is crucial in making strategic decisions as well as in the implementation of planning and design works. Awareness of the level of the quality of these data is also important for individual users of official spatial data. The author presents methods and models of description and evaluation of the quality of spatial data collected in public registers. Data describing the space in the highest degree of detail, which are collected in three databases: land and buildings registry (EGiB), geodetic registry of the land infrastructure network

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24

Tir, Jaroslav, and Johannes Karreth. The Logic of Institutional Influence: Conceptual and Methodological Implications. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190699512.003.0005.

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This chapter further probes the finding that countries belonging to a larger number of highly structured (IGOs) face a significantly lower risk that an emerging low-level armed conflict on their territories will escalate to full-scale civil war. Various empirical approaches show that the finding is robust. For example, we establish that the finding holds when we account for (a) the determinants of memberships in highly structured IGOs (i.e. endogeneity concerns); (b) mediations and interventions; (c) natural resources; (d) government-rebel relative power; and (e) spatial, temporal, and transna

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25

Sterelny, Kim. The Pleistocene Social Contract. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197531389.001.0001.

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No human now gathers for himself or herself the essential resources for life: food, shelter, clothing and the like. Humans are obligate co-operators, and this has been true for tens of thousands of years; probably much longer. In this regard, humans are very unusual. In the living world more generally, cooperation outside the family is rare. Though it can be very profitable, it is also very risky, as cooperation makes an agent vulnerable to incompetence and cheating. This book presents a new picture of the emergence of cooperation in our lineage, developing through four fairly distinct phases.

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26

Pallot, Judith, and Tat'yana Nefedova. Russia's Unknown Agriculture. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199227419.001.0001.

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Basing their findings on four years of research during which they studied rural districts drawn from a variety of contrasting regions of European Russia, the authors discuss the place of rural households in Russia's agri-food production system. They show that far from being solely concerned with 'survival' household plots in contemporary Russia are increasingly used to produce crops and livestock products for the market. In the book they describe the rich variety of forms that small and independent farming takes today from highly localised clusters of cucumber or tomato producers to specializa

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27

Vignal, Leïla. War-Torn. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197619988.001.0001.

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Syria as we knew it does not exist anymore. However, all conflicts change countries and their societies. Such an obvious statement needs to be unpacked in specific relation to Syria. What has happened, what does it mean, and what comes next? In order to consider the future of Syria, it is crucial to assess not only what has been destroyed, but also how it was destroyed. It is equally vital to address the structural and possibly enduring results of large-scale destruction and displacement. These dynamics are not only at play in Syrian society, but are tearing at the economic fabric and very ter

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28

Peters, Joris, Nadja Pöllath, and Benjamin S. Arbuckle. The emergence of livestock husbandry in Early Neolithic Anatolia. Edited by Umberto Albarella, Mauro Rizzetto, Hannah Russ, Kim Vickers, and Sarah Viner-Daniels. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686476.013.18.

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Analysis of spatio-temporal variation in patterns of animal exploitation helps our understanding of the transition from hunting to husbandry of Ovis, Capra, Sus, and Bos in Pre-Pottery Neolithic Anatolia (c.9500–7000 bce). Despite interaction with humans since the final Pleistocene, domestication of Sus in southeastern Anatolia is only evidenced after 8500 bce. This timing coincides with efforts to exert cultural control over Ovis, Capra, and Bos. Applying a broad methodological spectrum, it is shown that in southeastern Anatolia, the Neolithic ‘package’ was in place at the end of the ninth mi

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29

van Onselen, Charles. The Night Trains. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197568651.001.0001.

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The full physical and social cost of South Africa’s twentieth-century mining revolution, based on the exploitation of cheap, commoditised, black, migrant labour, has yet to be fully understood. The success of the system, which contributed to the evolution of the policies of spatial segregation and apartheid, depended, in large measure, on the physical distance between the labourer’s home and places of work being successfully bridged by steam locomotives and a rail network. These night trains left deep scars in the urban and rural cultures of black communities, whether in the form of popular so

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30

Moore, Robbie. Hotel Modernity. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474456654.001.0001.

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Hotel Modernity explores the impact of corporate space on the construction and texture of modern literature and film. It centres the hotel and corporate space as key sites of modern experience and culture. Examining architectural and financial records, hotel trade journals, travel journalism, advertisements and cinematic and literary representations, it charts the rise of hotel culture from 1870 to 1939. The book defines corporate space as the new urban, capital-intensive, large-scale spaces brought about by corporations during the nineteenth century, including department stores, railway stati

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31

Bruno, Cosima, Lucas Klein, and Chris Song, eds. The Bloomsbury Handbook of Modern Chinese Literature in Translation. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350215337.

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Offering the first systematic overview of modern and contemporary Chinese literature from a translation studies perspective, this handbook provides students, researchers and teachers with a context in which to read and appreciate the effects of linguistic and cultural transfer in Chinese literary works. Translation matters. It always has, of course, but more so when we want to reap the benefits of intercultural communication. In many universities Chinese literature in English translation is taught as if it had been written in English. As a result, students submit what they read to their own cu

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32

Bartkowicz, Leszek. Tekstura drzewostanów naturalnych w polskich parkach narodowych na tle teorii dynamiki lasu. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-20-5.

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The aim of the study was to compare a patch-mosaic pattern in the old-growth forest stands developed in various climate and soil conditions occurring in different regions of Poland. Based on the assumption, that the patch-mosaic pattern in the forest reflect the dynamic processes taking place in it, and that each type of forest ecosystem is characterized by a specific regime of natural disturbances, the following hypotheses were formulated: (i) the patches with a complex structure in stands composed of latesuccessional, shade-tolerant tree species are more common than those composed of early-s

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33

Chapin, F. Stuart, Mark W. Oswood, Keith van Cleve, Leslie A. Viereck, and David L. Verbyla, eds. Alaska's Changing Boreal Forest. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195154313.001.0001.

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The boreal forest is the northern-most woodland biome, whose natural history is rooted in the influence of low temperature and high-latitude. Alaska's boreal forest is now warming as rapidly as the rest of Earth, providing an unprecedented look at how this cold-adapted, fire-prone forest adjusts to change. This volume synthesizes current understanding of the ecology of Alaska's boreal forests and describes their unique features in the context of circumpolar and global patterns. It tells how fire and climate contributed to the biome's current dynamics. As climate warms and permafrost (permanent

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34

Kaufmann, Philipp A., and Oliver Gaemperli. Hybrid Cardiac Imaging. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392094.003.0028.

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Assessment of both coronary anatomy and myocardial perfusion are equally important for the appropriate treatment of patients with stable coronary artery disease. Cardiac hybrid imaging allows integration of coronary anatomy and perfusion in one all-in-one image, thereby avoiding mental integration of findings. In selected subgroups of patients, cardiac hybrid imaging has demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy compared to single modalities. The combination of coronary anatomy and function provides incremental prognostic information and improves risk stratification of patients with suspected

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35

Nine, Cara. Sharing Territories. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833628.001.0001.

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Territorial rights are shared between overlapping political units, not exclusively held by states. This book takes this claim to be both an empirical observation and a philosophical goal. A theory of territorial rights should be able to inform the normative relationship between overlapping territorial units. In order to do this, Nine’s view defends a river model of territorial rights. On a river model, political units are assumed to be interdependent and overlapping. This model stands in contrast to the prevailing desert island model, where political units are assumed to be independent and dis

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36

Richter-Devroe, Sophie. Women's Political Activism in Palestine. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041860.001.0001.

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What does doing politics mean in a context of occupation, settler-colonialism, and prolonged state violence such as Palestine? This book traces Palestinian women’s forms of political activism, ranging from peacebuilding and popular resistance to their everyday survival and coping strategies. Over the last decades, the Israeli occupation has tightened its grip on Palestinian life; settler-colonial violence against Palestinians has risen, and Palestine is more fragmented—politically, socially and spatially—than ever. For most Palestinians, neither the official liberal peace agenda nor the libera

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37

Chakravorty, Sanjoy. Clusters and Regional Development. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.124.

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Industrial clusters have existed since the early days of industrialization. Clusters exist because of the fact (or perception) that competing firms in the same industry derive some benefit from locating in proximity to each other. These benefits are external to the firm and accrue to similar firms in proximity. Examples include the cotton mills of Lancashire, automobile manufacturing in Detroit, and information technology firms in Silicon Valley. At the firm level, the presence of firms in the same industry, which are located in proximity (in the same region), are expected to increase internal

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38

Szewczyk, Janusz. Rola zaburzeń w kształtowaniu struktury i dynamiki naturalnych lasów bukowo-jodłowo-świerkowych w Karpatach Zachodnich. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-35-9.

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The aim of the study was to determine the influence of different disturbances (both natural and anthropogenic) on species composition and stand structure of old-growth mixed mountain forests in the Western Carpathians. These stands are usually dominated by beech, fir and spruce, mixed in different proportions. The tree main species represent different growth strategies, and they compete against each other. The longevity of trees makes the factors influencing the stand structure difficult to identify, even during longitudinal studies conducted on permanent research plots. That is why dendroecol

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