Journal articles: 'Larvicidal Properties'

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Chan, Chee Aun, Lai Yee Ho, and Nam Weng Sit. "Larvicidal Activity and Phytochemical Profiling of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Leaf Extract against Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes albopictus)." Horticulturae 8, no. 5 (2022): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8050443.

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Applying larvicides to interrupt a mosquito’s life cycle is an important strategy for vector control. This study was conducted to evaluate the larvicidal properties of the hexane extract of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.; family Lamiaceae) leaves against the wild strain of Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Third instar larvae (20 larvae/replicate, n = 3) were exposed to different concentrations of the extract (6.25–200 µg/mL), and the mortality rate was recorded. Probit analysis showed that the median lethal concentration and 95% lethal concentration of the extract were 16.0 (10.9–22.1) and 53.0 (34.6–136.8) µg/mL, respectively, after 24 h exposure. Only the fractions F3, F4, and F5 from the column chromatography displayed high mortality rates of 91.7–100% at 25.0 µg/mL after 24 h exposure. Subsequent column chromatography from the pooled fraction yielded two active subfractions, H-F345-S2 and H-F345-S3, with mortality rates of 100% and 98.3 ± 2.9%, respectively, at 12.5 µg/mL. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis unveiled that methyl chavicol, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol, cedrelanol, methyl eugenol, 2,4,di-tert-butylphenol, and phytol were the major components in both subfractions with some of them being reported as larvicidal compounds. The results suggest that sweet basil has substantial larvicidal activity against Ae. albopictus mosquito and is a potential source of naturally derived larvicide.

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Su, Tianyun, Jennifer L. Thieme, and Min-Lee Cheng. "Impact of Storage and Handling Temperatures On the Activities of Mosquito Larvicides." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 34, no. 3 (2018): 244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/18-6770.1.

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ABSTRACT Larvicides based on Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis, Lysinibacilus sphaericus (formerly Bacillus sphaericus), Saccharopolyspora spinosa and insect growth regulators such as methoprene, and a few others are the most commonly used mosquito control products in the United States and elsewhere because of their relative specificity and high effectiveness against target organisms, safety to nontarget species, and compatibility with the environment. Using standard laboratory bioassay, we have evaluated the loss of larvicidal activities of various formulations after being exposed to different storage and handling temperatures. Transportation of products under outdoor conditions for an extended period of time caused more activity loss compared with other conditions. Results are discussed based on their active ingredients as well as physico-chemical properties of the formulations reported. Recommendations are made for proper inventory control, storage, and handling of larvicides to minimize loss of larvicidal activity.

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Amrin, Srikanth Bandi, Mahesh Lingakari, and Madhavi Maddala. "Evaluation of Larvicidal Properties of Zingiber officinale Rhizome and Allium Sativum Bulbs against Aedes aegypti." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 45, no. 18 (2024): 570–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2024/v45i184474.

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This study evaluates the larvicidal potential of methanolic extracts derived from Zingiber officinale (ginger) rhizome and Allium sativum (garlic) bulbs against the 4th instar larvae of Aedes aegypti, a key vector responsible for transmitting diseases such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika. Due to the increasing resistance of mosquitoes to conventional insecticides, there is a pressing need for alternative, eco-friendly vector control methods. Botanical extracts, known for their pesticidal properties, offer a promising solution. Methanolic extracts were collected from the selected test plant parts and different test solutions were prepared to test their larvicidal efficacy against the fourth instar larvae of Ae. aegypti. The results indicated a significant dose-dependent increase in larval mortality for both extracts. The extracts of Z. officinale consistently showed better larvicidal effects than outperformed the extracts of A. sativum at all tested concentrations, with mortality rates ranging from 14.29% at 62.5 ppm to 79.22% at 500 ppm. In contrast, A. sativum exhibited mortality rates from 11.69% at 62.5 ppm to 76.62% at 500 ppm. The LC50 values further highlighted the greater efficacy of ginger extract, with an LC50 of 219.10 ppm compared to 237.39 ppm for garlic. These results suggest the usage of extracts of ginger rhizomes and garlic bulbs as eco-friendly larvicides against Ae. aegypti mosquitoes.

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Anju, S., E. M. Aneesh, and R. K. Radha. "Larvicidal activity of essential oil of Etlingera fenzlii (Kurz) Skronick. & M. Sabu (Zingiberaceae) - The honey bee repellent endemic plant species of the Andaman Nicobar Islands." Plant Science Today 5, no. 3 (2018): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14719/pst.2018.5.3.397.

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Etlingera fenzlii (Kurz) Skronick. & M. Sabu (Zingiberaceae), is an endemic species of the Andaman Nicobar Islands which is exclusively used by the Shompens as a bee repellent for honey collection. The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of leaves of E. fenzlii and the volatile constituents of leaves have proved to be effective eco-friendly and possess varying degrees of insect/ pest controlling properties. The present study was focussed on the role of larvicidal activities of the essential oil of E. fenzlii against Aedes aegypti. Larvicidal study was carried out employing WHO standard method and the mortality was observed after 24 h exposure. Larvicidal tests were carried out with the essential oil concentration ranges from 5-50 ppm. Essential oil treatment had higher mortality as compared to control with LC50 value of 11.22 ppm. From the results, it is evident that E. fenzlii can be considered as effective larvicide, signifying an ecofriendly method for the control of mosquito vectors.

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Giatropoulos, Athanasios, George Koliopoulos, Pavlos-Nektarios Pantelakis, Dimitrios Papachristos, and Antonios Michaelakis. "Evaluating the Sublethal Effects of Origanum vulgare Essential Oil and Carvacrol on the Biological Characteristics of Culex pipiens biotype molestus (Diptera: Culicidae)." Insects 14, no. 4 (2023): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14040400.

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Culex pipiens is a mosquito species complex spread worldwide that poses a serious threat to human health as the primary vector of West Nile virus. Its control is mainly based on larvicidal applications with synthetic insecticides on mosquito breeding sites. However, the excessive use of synthetic larvicides may provoke mosquito resistance issues and negative side effects to the aquatic environment and human health. Plant-derived essential oils, including those from the Lamiaceae family, can be eco-friendly alternative larvicidal agents causing acute larval toxicity and/or growth inhibitory effects on the developmental stages of mosquitoes through different modes of action. In the current laboratory study, we evaluated the sublethal effects of carvacrol-rich oregano essential oil and pure carvacrol on Cx. pipiens biotype molestus, the autogenous member of the Cx. pipiens species complex, after the exposure of 3rd–4th instar larvae to LC50 concentrations. The short-term (24 h) larvicidal treatment with the sublethal concentrations of both tested materials exhibited an acute lethal effect on the exposed larvae as well as significant delayed mortality for surviving larvae and pupae. Larvicidal treatment with carvacrol reduced the longevity of the emerged males. In addition, the morphological abnormalities that were observed at the larval and pupal stage along with failed adult emergence indicate the potential growth inhibitory properties of the tested bioinsecticides. Our findings suggest that carvacrol and carvacrol-rich oregano oil are effective plant-based larvicides at doses lower than the acute lethal ones, thus promoting an environmentally friendly and more affordable perspective for their use against the WNV vector Cx. pipiens biotype molestus.

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Martínez Rodríguez, Erick J., P. Larry Phelan, Luis Canas, Nuris Acosta, Harinantenaina L. Rakotondraibe, and Peter M. Piermarini. "Larvicidal Activity of Hemp Extracts and Cannabidiol against the Yellow Fever Mosquito Aedes aegypti." Insects 15, no. 7 (2024): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects15070517.

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To mitigate pyrethroid resistance in mosquito vectors of emerging and re-emerging human pathogens, there is an urgent need to discover insecticides with novel modes of action. Natural alternatives, such as extracts derived from plants, may serve as substitutes for traditional synthetic insecticides if they prove to be sustainable, cost-effective, and safe for non-target organisms. Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is a sustainable plant known to produce various secondary metabolites with insecticidal properties, including terpenoids and flavonoids. The goal of this study was to assess the larvicidal activity of hemp leaf extract on mosquito larvae from both pyrethroid-susceptible (PS) and pyrethroid-resistant (PR) strains of Aedes aegypti. Another goal was to identify which components of the extract were responsible for any observed larvicidal activity. We found that a methanol extract of hemp leaves induced similar concentration-dependent larvicidal activity against PS (LC50: 4.4 ppm) and PR (LC50: 4.3 ppm) strains within 48 h. Partitioning of the leaf extract between methanol and hexane fractions revealed that full larvicidal activity was restricted to the methanol fraction. Analysis of this fraction by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance showed it to be dominated by cannabidiol (CBD). Larvicidal assays using authentic CBD confirmed this compound was primarily responsible for the toxicity of the hemp leaf extract against both strains. We conclude that hemp leaf extracts and CBD have the potential to serve as viable sources for the development of novel mosquito larvicides.

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Yunus, Reni, and Anita Rosanty. "Lansium domesticum: A natural dual-action defence against dengue mosquitoes." Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium 13, no. 1 (2024): 15–24. https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v13i1.429.

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Preventing dengue virus transmission, which leads to Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), can be effectively achieved using plant-based insecticides. This study investigates the potential of Lansium domesticum extract as both a repellent and a larvicide against Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of dengue fever. Five concentrations of Lansium domesticum extract (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) were tested for their repellent properties, while larvicidal efficacy was evaluated at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. The evaluation of larval mortality obtained an average larval mortality of 5%-20%, then a statistical analysis was carried out using the Anova test. Furthermore, probit analysis was carried out to determine the LC50. Results showed that all concentrations had a repellency rate greater than 50%. The larvicidal tests indicated that the 100% concentration was the most effective in killing larvae. These findings highlight Lansium domesticum as an effective natural repellent and larvicide against Aedes aegypti, offering a promising plant-based solution for dengue fever prevention.

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Cruz-Castillo, Adrián Ulises, Luz María Rodríguez-Valdez, José Correa-Basurto, Benjamín Nogueda-Torres, Sergio Andrade-Ochoa, and Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón. "Terpenic Constituents of Essential Oils with Larvicidal Activity against Aedes Aegypti: A QSAR and Docking Molecular Study." Molecules 28, no. 6 (2023): 2454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062454.

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Aedes aegypti is a vector for the arbovirus responsible for yellow fever, Zika and Chikungunya virus. Essential oils and their constituents are known for their larvicidal properties and are strong candidates for mosquito control. This work aimed to develop a quantitative structure–activity study and molecular screening for the search and design of new larvicidal agents. Twenty-five monoterpenes with previously evaluated larvicidal activity were built and optimized using computational tools. QSAR models were constructed through genetic algorithms from the larvicidal activity and the calculation of theoretical descriptors for each molecule. Docking studies on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and sterol carrier protein (SCP-2) were also carried out. Results demonstrate that the epoxide groups in the structure of terpenes hinder larvicidal activity, while lipophilicity plays an important role in enhancing biological activity. Larvicidal activity correlates with the interaction of the sterol-carrier protein. Of the 25 compounds evaluated, carvacrol showed the highest larvicidal activity with an LC50 of 8.8 µg/mL. The information included in this work contributes to describing the molecular, topological, and quantum mechanical properties related to the larvicidal activity of monoterpenes and their derivatives.

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Osanloo, Mahmoud, Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat, Alireza Sanei-Dehkordi, and Amir Amani. "Plant-Derived Essential Oils; Their Larvicidal Properties and Potential Application for Control of Mosquito-Borne Diseases." Galen Medical Journal 8 (August 16, 2019): 1532. http://dx.doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v8i0.1532.

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Mosquito-borne diseases are currently considered as important threats to human health in subtropical and tropical regions. Resistance to synthetic larvicides in different species of mosquitoes, as well as environmental pollution, are the most common adverse effects of excessive use of such agents. Plant-derived essential oils (EOs) with various chemical entities have a lower chance of developing resistance. So far, no proper classification based on lethal concentration at 50% (LC50) has been made for the larvicidal activity of EOs against different species of Aedes, Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes. To better understand the problem, a summary of the most common mosquito-borne diseases have been made. Related articles were gathered, and required information such as scientific name, used part(s) of plant, target species and LC50 values were extracted. 411 LC50 values were found about the larvicidal activity of EOs against different species of mosquitoes. Depending on the obtained results in each species, LC50 values were summarized as follows: 24 EOs with LC50 < 10 µg/mL, 149 EOs with LC50 in range of 10- 50 µg/mL, 143 EOs having LC50 within 50- 100 µg/mL and 95 EOs showing LC50 > 100 µg/mL. EOs of Callitris glaucophylla and Piper betle against Ae. aegypti, Tagetes minuta against An. gambiae, and Cananga odorata against Cx. quinquefasciatus and An. dirus having LC50 of ~ 1 µg/mL were potentially comparable to synthetic larvicides. It appears that these plants could be considered as candidates for botanical larvicides. [GMJ.2019;8:e1532]

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Pilon, Alan Cesar, Marcelo Del Grande, Maíra R. S. Silvério, et al. "Combination of GC-MS Molecular Networking and Larvicidal Effect against Aedes aegypti for the Discovery of Bioactive Substances in Commercial Essential Oils." Molecules 27, no. 5 (2022): 1588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051588.

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Dengue is a neglected disease, present mainly in tropical countries, with more than 5.2 million cases reported in 2019. Vector control remains the most effective protective measure against dengue and other arboviruses. Synthetic insecticides based on organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates, neonicotinoids and oxadiazines are unattractive due to their high degree of toxicity to humans, animals and the environment. Conversely, natural-product-based larvicides/insecticides, such as essential oils, present high efficiency, low environmental toxicity and can be easily scaled up for industrial processes. However, essential oils are highly complex and require modern analytical and computational approaches to streamline the identification of bioactive substances. This study combined the GC-MS spectral similarity network approach with larvicidal assays as a new strategy for the discovery of potential bioactive substances in complex biological samples, enabling the systematic and simultaneous annotation of substances in 20 essential oils through LC50 larvicidal assays. This strategy allowed rapid intuitive discovery of distribution patterns between families and metabolic classes in clusters, and the prediction of larvicidal properties of acyclic monoterpene derivatives, including citral, neral, citronellal and citronellol, and their acetate forms (LC50 < 50 µg/mL).

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Sharower, MG, and MA Latif. "Larvicidal Impact of Some Local Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Aedes Aegypti (L.)." Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science 44, no. 1 (2018): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v44i1.46546.

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The larvicidal potential of different solvent (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol) crude leaf extracts of five plants (Blepharis maderaspatensis, Elaeagnus indica, Maesa indica, Phyllanthus wightianus and Memecylon edule) were tested against the fourth-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. All the tested extracts showed moderate to good larvicidal activities. However, the maximum larval mortality was detected in acetone extract of E. indica (LC50 90.89, LC90 217.21 and LC99 441.88 ppm) followed by M. indica acetone extract (LC50 173.21, LC90 289.86 and LC99 441.04 ppm). The results revealed that larvicidal properties of the four selected plants and encourages further investigation for the bioactive compounds that might possess good larvicidal properties in pure form. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(1): 61-67, June 2018

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Castillo-Carrillo, Pedro S., Rosa Cornejo Hidalgo, José Solís Veliz, and Mónica Gómez. "Larvicidal-ovicidal, larvicidal, activity and repellency of the essential oil of “holy wood” Bursera graveolens on Aedes aegypti." Manglar 19, no. 3 (2022): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/manglar.2022.033.

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Bursera graveolens((Kunth) Triana & Planch, 1872) is an important component of traditional Peruvian medicine and is known for its repellent properties against mosquitoes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ovicidal-larvicidal, larvicidal, and repellent properties of the essential oil of B. graveolens on Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762), called dengue mosquito, mummy mosquito or yellow fever mosquito. The concentrations to evaluate the ovicidal-larvicidal effect were 0.01%; 0.02%; 0.03% and 0.04%, for the larvicidal effect 0.01%; 0.02%; 0.03%; 0.04%; and 0.05% and for repellency against adults the concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The tests were carried out with colony populations of A. aegypti developed in the Entomological Research Laboratory of the National University of Tumbes. Under laboratory conditions, the essential oil of B. graveolens shows ovicidal-larvicidal activity of 100% at a concentration of 0.04%, larvicidal activity of 100% at 0.05% and in the case of adult repellency at 30 minutes, concentrations of 50%, 75% and 100%. In conclusion, the essential oil of the species under study could be useful for the control of populations of A. aegypti and other mosquitoes, as an environmentally friendly alternative.

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(Miss), B. CHOUDHURY, ROY CHOUDHURY B., and P. DAS B. "A Novel Route for Progenitors of Carbazoles with a View to Study Larvicidal Properties." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 65, Dec 1988 (1988): 876–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6105118.

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Durgapur Women's College, Durgapur Department of Chemistry, Vlsva-Bharati, Santiniketan-731 285 Manuscript received 15 February 1988, revised 10 May 1988, accepted 23 August 1988 A Novel Route for Progenitors of Carbazoles with a View to Study Larvicidal Properties.

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Adebajo, Adeleke, Funmilayo Famuyiwa, and Fatima Aliyu. "Properties for Sourcing Nigerian Larvicidal Plants." Molecules 19, no. 6 (2014): 8363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules19068363.

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Famuyiwa, Funmilayo, and Adeleke Adebajo. "Larvicidal properties of Eugenia uniflora leaves." Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America 3, no. 10 (2012): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.5251/abjna.2012.3.10.400.405.

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Sutthanont, Nataya, Siriluck Attrapadung, and Surang Nuchprayoon. "Larvicidal Activity of Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Curcuma zedoaria Essential Oil against Culex quinquefasciatus." Insects 10, no. 1 (2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10010027.

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Culex quinquefasciatus is the major vector of the bancroftian filarial parasite which causes human lymphatic filariasis and St. Louis encephalitis. The simple way to stop the transmission is to control the vector by using synthetic chemicals. However, herbal essential oils have biological properties, such as a larvicidal effect and are ecofriendly to use. In this study, we investigated the larvicidal activity of Curcuma zedoaria essential oil (ZEO) and biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using this essential oil (ZEO-AgNPs). The larvicidal activity against both insecticide-susceptible and -resistant strains of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae of ZEO were investigated and compared with ZEO-AgNPs. The ZEO-AgNPs showed the utmost toxicity against both strains of Cx. quinquefasciatus. After 24 h of exposure, LC50 and LC99 of ZEO against susceptible strain were 36.32 and 85.11 ppm, respectively. While LC50 and LC99 of ZEO against the resistant strain were 37.29 and 76.79 ppm, respectively. Whereas ZEO-AgNPs offered complete larval mortality within 24 h of exposure, LC50 and LC99 of ZEO-AgNPs against the susceptible strain, were 0.57 and 8.54 ppm, respectively. For the resistant strain, LC50 and LC99 values were 0.64 and 8.88 ppm, respectively. The potency in killing Cx. quinquefasciatus and stability of ZEO-AgNPs have made this product a good candidate for the development of novel natural larvicides.

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Philbert, Anitha. "Larvicidal potency of Dioscorea sansibarensis leaf extract against vector mosquitoes: Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Culex quinquefasciatus." Tanzania Journal of Science 47, no. 2 (2021): 655–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjs.v47i2.21.

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Mosquitoes are responsible for transmission of illnesses of public health importance including malaria, lymphatic filariasis, dengue, chikungunya, and many other diseases caused by viruses. Vector control using synthetic insecticides has been the cornerstone for management of vector-borne diseases. However, the chemical based interventions have not been sustainable due to emergency of resistance against insecticides among disease vectors. Plant based mosquitocidal products can be potential alternative tools in vector control. Therefore, the present study aimed at exploring the larvicidal properties of Dioscorea sansibarensis leaf extract against malaria and lymphatic filariasis vectors; Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Culex quinquefasciatus. The larvicidal activities of Dioscorea sansibarensis were assessed following WHO test procedures. Ethanol leaf extract of Dioscorea sansibarensis was evaluated against all the four instar larvae stages of An. gambiae s.s and Cx. quinquefasciatus susceptible laboratory colonies. The highest larvicidal potency was shown against the 4th instar stages of both species with the LC50 values of 60.915 ppm and 80.700 ppm for Cx. quinquefasciatus and An. gambiae s.s., respectively. The respective LC95 values for Cx. quinquefasciatus and An. gambiae s.s. were 168.898 ppm and 249.295 ppm. This implies that the extract can be applied as mosquito larvicide should its impact on non-targeted species be established. Keywords: Dioscorea sansibarensis; vectors, mosquitoes, Zanzibar yams, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

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MAMATABALA, PANI, NAHAK GAYATRI, and KANTA SAHU RAJANI. "REVIEW ON LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR MALARIA VECTOR CONTROL." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research 6, no. 2 (2015): 94–114. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12686730.

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Plants have been used since ancient times to repel/kill blood-sucking insects in the human history and even now,in many parts of the world people are practicing plants substances to repel/kill the mosquitoes and other bloodsucking insects. The phytochemicals derived from plant sources can act as larvicides, insect growth regulators,repellents and ovipositional attractants. Mosquitoes in the larval stage are attractive targets for pesticides becausemosquitoes breed in water, and thus, it is easy to deal with them in this habitat. The use of conventional pesticidesin the water sources, however, introduces many risks to people and/or the environment. Natural pesticides,especially those derived from plants, are more promising in this aspect. The present study assessed the role oflarvicidal activities of various solvent extracts (viz. hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol) of fiftydifferent important medicinal plants. Different plant parts such as leaf, rhizome, bulb, stem and root bark, wholeplant and essential oil showed significant larvicidal properties against different mosquito vectors viz., An. stephensi,Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, P. duboscqi, An. aambiae, A. fluviatilis etc. This review may open the possibilityfor further investigations of the efficacy of larvicidal properties of natural product extracts.

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Yagoo, Alex, M. C. John Milton, and Jelin Vilvest. "Investigating the Insecticidal Properties of Alangium salviifolium Root Extracts on Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitoe." Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry 12, no. 2 (2023): 619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.619-624.

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This study evaluated the effectiveness of successive hexane, chloroform, and methanol extracts of Alangium salviifolium roots in combating mosquito-borne diseases caused by Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoe in India. The hexane extract showed the highest efficacy with LC50 values of 105.0 ppm (larvicidal activity), 108.0 ppm (pupicidal activity), and 65.6 ppm (ovicidal activity). The chloroform extract had LC50 values of 156.8 ppm (larvicidal), 376.0 ppm (pupicidal), and 20.0 ppm (ovicidal), while the methanol extract had LC50 values of 235.7 ppm (larvicidal), 441.8 ppm (pupicidal), and 30.4 ppm (ovicidal). The hexane extract of A. salviifolium roots shows potential as a mosquito control agent, specifically against Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Further studies are needed to assess the safety and effectiveness of this extract. This research highlights the potential of plant extracts as alternative mosquito control agents for mitigating mosquito-borne diseases in India.

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Ferreira, Lorena Sales, and Stênio Nunes Alves. "Neem (Azadirachta indica): larvicidal properties - a review." Conexão Ciência (Online) 16, no. 1 (2021): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24862/cco.v16i1.1287.

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Introdução: Os mosquitos vetores de doenças são um problema de saúde pública em todo o mundo. Entretanto, controlar esses insetos é um desafio, e assim os inseticidas naturais são uma estratégia promissora devido seu potencial e baixa toxicidade. O neem (Azadiractha indica A. Juss, Meliaceae) é uma árvore que possui vários compostos bioativos e um amplo espectro de ação, incluindo repelência e larvicida. Objetivos: Esta revisão tem como objetivo mostrar o uso de produtos à base de Neem usados contra vetores de doenças. Metodologia: Vários artigos foram analisados e mostraram que diferentes compostos derivados estão sendo avaliados, como extratos, óleos, bolo de neem (subproduto da extração), além de nanopartículas sintetizadas. Resultados: Com base nos resultados, fornecemos uma lista de compostos avaliados que mostraram ser variáveis em relação aos valores de CL50 em relação a três espécies de mosquitos (Culex quinquefasciatus, Anopheles stephensi e Aedes aegypti). Conclusão: Comprovamos a relevância médica desta árvore no combate a estes vetores de doenças.

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Dehghankar, Maryam, Naseh Maleki-Ravasan, Azar Tahghighi, Fateh Karimian, and Mohsen Karami. "Bioactivities of rose-scented geranium nanoemulsions against the larvae of Anopheles stephensi and their gut bacteria." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (2021): e0246470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246470.

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Anopheles stephensi with three different biotypes is a major vector of malaria in Asia. It breeds in a wide range of habitats. Therefore, safer and more sustainable methods are needed to control its immature stages rather than chemical pesticides. The larvicidal and antibacterial properties of the Pelargonium roseum essential oil (PREO) formulations were investigated against mysorensis and intermediate forms of An. stephensi in laboratory conditions. A series of nanoemulsions containing different amounts of PREO, equivalent to the calculated LC50 values for each An. stephensi form, and various quantities of surfactants and co-surfactants were developed. The physical and morphological properties of the most lethal formulations were also determined. PREO and its major components, i.e. citronellol (21.34%), L-menthone (6.41%), linalool (4.214%), and geraniol (2.19%), showed potent larvicidal activity against the studied mosquitoes. The LC50/90 values for mysorensis and intermediate forms were computed as 11.44/42.42 ppm and 12.55/47.69 ppm, respectively. The F48/F44 nanoformulations with 94% and 88% lethality for the mysorensis and intermediate forms were designated as optimized formulations. The droplet size, polydispersity index, and zeta-potential for F48/F44 were determined as 172.8/90.95 nm, 0.123/0.183, and -1.08/-2.08 mV, respectively. These results were also confirmed by TEM analysis. Prepared formulations displayed antibacterial activity against larval gut bacteria in the following order of decreasing inhibitory: LC90, optimized nanoemulsions, and LC50. PREO-based formulations were more effective against mysorensis than intermediate. Compared to the crude PREO, the overall larvicidal activity of all nanoformulations boosted by 20% and the optimized formulations by 50%. The sensitivity of insect gut bacteria may be a crucial factor in determining the outcome of the effect of toxins on target insects. The formulations designed in the present study may be a good option as a potent and selective larvicide for An. stephensi.

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Ukratalo, Abdul M., Dodikrisno E. Manery, Achmad Syuaib, Alfaro Muhammad, Bill E. Nanere, and Abdur Rahman Assagaf. "Pometia pinnata Leaf Extract As a Natural Larvicide For aedes aegypti Mosquitoes, A Vector Of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Disease." Medicor : Journal of Health Informatics and Health Policy 2, no. 1 (2024): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.61978/medicor.v2i1.200.

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Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a rapid-onset infection caused by the Dengue virus that can lead to severe shock and even death. Pometia pinnata, a plant found in the Maluku region, possesses untapped therapeutic potential despite the presence of secondary metabolite chemicals believed to have larvicidal properties. This study aims to evaluate the biolarvicidal efficacy of the leaf extract of Pometia pinnata against Aedes aegypti's larvae, a DHF carrier. The extraction process used the maceration technique employing ethanol as the solvent. A larvicidal experiment was performed to evaluate the bioactivity against Aedes aegypti larvae. The findings indicated that the leaf extract of Pometia pinnata possesses larvicidal properties against Aedes aegypti larvae, as evidenced by an LC50 value of 0.101%. The results offer insights into the possible utilisation of Pometia pinnata leaf extract as a viable source of active compounds for developing biolarvicides to control dengue vectors.

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Santos, Antônia Laires da Silva, Mahendra Rai, Felipe Pereira da Silva Santos, et al. "Chemical characterization and larvicidal properties of the essential oils of against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)." Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais 24, no. 1 (2024): 22–28. https://doi.org/10.70151/93sqdv79.

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The mosquito of the genus Aedes is the arthropod responsible for transmission of the dengue virus. Some procedures are proposed to prevent the proliferation of this vector, including the use of larvicides and insecticides. The present work has as the extraction of essential oils from the species Syzygium aromaticum and Ocimun grantissimun and the evaluation of their active components against Aedes aegypti larvae. The oils were subjected to GC-MS analysis to identify the majoritarys compounds. The EOs were subjected to turbidimetric tests to obtain the degree of solubility in 1% DMSO, acetone, alcohol and Tween 80. The analysis of EOs by GC–MS resulted in the identification of eugenol, 1-8-cineole and β - caryophyllene. Tests with the enzyme acetylcholinesterase were performed following the protocol of Ellman adapted by Rhee. The turbidity of the EOs in ethanol presented values from 30 to 102 NTU, implying the presence of a greater number of soluble molecules. Studies of larvicidal assays of S. aromaticum and O. gratissimun oils showed LC50 values of 39.5 and 54.6 mg/mL respectively. For anticholinesterase activity, O. gratissimun presented an IC50 of 6.2 mg /mL. The present work suggests the essential oils under study are promising in the formulation of larvicides and insecticides.

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Narayanaswamy, Venugopala K., Raquel M. Gleiser, Kabange Kasumbwe, Bandar E. Aldhubiab, Mahesh V. Attimarad, and Bharti Odhav. "Evaluation of Halogenated Coumarins for Antimosquito Properties." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/189824.

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Mosquitoes are the major vectors of parasites and pathogens affecting humans and domestic animals. The widespread development of insecticide resistance and negative environmental effects of most synthetic compounds support an interest in finding and developing alternative products against mosquitoes. Natural coumarins and synthetic coumarin analogues are known for their several pharmacological properties, including being insecticidal. In the present study halogenated coumarins (3-mono/dibromo acetyl, 6-halogenated coumarin analogues) were screened for larvicidal, adulticidal, and repellent properties againstAnopheles arabiensis, a zoophilic mosquito that is one of the dominant vectors of malaria in Africa. Five compounds exerted 100% larval mortality within 24 h of exposure. All coumarins and halogenated coumarins reversibly knocked down adult mosquitoes but did not kill them after 24 h of exposure. Repellent properties could not be evidenced. Five compounds were considered potential larvicidal agents for further research and development, while adulticidal activity was considered only mild to moderate.

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Hoi, Tran Minh, Le Thi Huong, Hoang Van Chinh, et al. "Essential Oil Compositions of Three Invasive Conyza Species Collected in Vietnam and Their Larvicidal Activities against Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus." Molecules 25, no. 19 (2020): 4576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25194576.

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Mosquito-borne infectious diseases are a persistent problem in tropical regions of the world, including Southeast Asia. Vector control has relied principally on synthetic insecticides, but these have detrimental environmental effects and there is an increasing demand for plant-based agents to control insect pests. Invasive weedy plant species may be able to serve as readily available sources of essential oils, some of which may be useful as larvicidal agents for control of mosquito populations. We hypothesize that members of the genus Conyza (Asteraceae) may produce essential oils that may have mosquito larvicidal properties. The essential oils from the aerial parts of Conyza bonariensis, C. canadensis, and C. sumatrensis were obtained by hydrodistillation, analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and screened for mosquito larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus. The essential oils of C. canadensis and C. sumatrensis, both rich in limonene (41.5% and 25.5%, respectively), showed notable larvicidal activities against Ae. aegypti (24-h LC50 = 9.80 and 21.7 μg/mL, respectively) and Ae. albopictus (24-h LC50 = 18.0 and 19.1 μg/mL, respectively). These two Conyza species may, therefore, serve as sources for alternative, environmentally-benign larvicidal control agents.

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Jorge, Márcia Ramos, Felipe Mendes Merey, Bruno do Amaral Crispim, et al. "Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Products Obtained from Technical Cashew Nutshell Liquid (tCNSL) Proposed as Larvicide to Control Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)." Ecologies 3, no. 2 (2022): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecologies3020013.

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The development of new insecticides for vector control that are toxicologically safe and eco-friendly (such as those obtained from industrial by-products) is an important public health concern. Previous research has shown that the obtained tCNSL (technical cashew nutshell liquid) + NatCNSLS (sodium tCNSL sulfonate mixture) emulsion displayed both surfactant properties and larvicidal activity (LC50-24 h 110.6 mg/L). Thus, the emulsion is considered a promising alternative product for the control of Aedes aegypti. The goal of this study was an ecotoxicological evaluation of the tCNSL + NatCNSLS mixture emulsion and its components. In addition, we compared the toxicity of the tCNSL + NatCNSLS mixture emulsion with toxicity data from larvicide currently recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Ecotoxicological tests were performed to assess acute toxicity, phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity using Daphnia similis, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Oreochromis niloticus, Allium cepa, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Regarding acute toxicity, D. similis was the most sensitive test organism for the three evaluated products, followed by P. subcapitata and O. niloticus. The highest acute toxicity product was tCNSL. The tCNSL + NatCNSLS mixture emulsion did not show cytotoxic, genotoxic, or mutagenic effects, and showed low acute toxicity to D. similis. In addition, the tCNSL + NatCNSLS mixture emulsion presented a lower or similar toxicological classification to the larvicides recommended by the WHO. Therefore, ecotoxicological tests suggest that the tCNSL + NatCNSLS mixture emulsion can be considered a larvicide environmentally safe way to control Ae. aegypti.

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Rampadarath, Sillma, Daneshwar Puchooa, and Rajesh Jeewon. "Jatropha curcas L: Phytochemical, antimicrobial and larvicidal properties." Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 6, no. 10 (2016): 858–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.01.019.

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S., Karthik, Suriyaprabha R., Vinoth M., et al. "Larvicidal, super hydrophobic and antibacterial properties of herbal nanoparticles from Acalypha indica for biomedical applications." RSC Advances 7, no. 66 (2017): 41763–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra05697d.

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(Miss), B. CHOUDHURY, KUMAR P., ROY CHOUDHURY B., and P. DAS B. "Larvicidal Activity of some Carbazoles." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 68, Jan 1991 (1991): 64–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6101130.

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Durgapur Women's College. Durgapur and Department of Chemistry. Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan-731 235 Manuscript received 29 May 1990. revised 8 October 1990, accepted 28 November 1990 In consideration of the biological properties of carbazoles1 and our interest in the pesticidal and larvicidal activities2-4 of carbazoles, we report here the preparation of some new carbazole derivatives with a view to examine their larvicidal activities. We also report the biological activities of these compounds as well as some carbazoles of known structures.

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Baruah, Himangshu, Harmonjit Boro, and Ananta Swargiary. "Study of Antioxidant and Larvicidal Properties of Selected Medicinal Plants of Fringe Villages of Manas National Park, Assam, India." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 16, no. 3 (2023): 1751–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2753.

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Background: Mosquito-borne diseases are among the major ailments of world affecting billions of people living in economically poor and developing countries. The development of insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors has forced the global community to look into alternative sources of medicines with better efficacy and less side effects. Plants with rich sources of metabolites have been explored extensively for mosquitocidal activity. The present study explored the antioxidant and larvicidal activities of five important plants traditionally used as mosquito repellent by tribal communities of fringe villages of Manas National Park of Assam. Methods: Methanolic crude extracts were prepared for all the plants following standard protocols. Phytochemical and antioxidant study was performed following the protocol published in recent publications. Larvicidal bioassay was carried out as per WHO protocol. Results: The study observed considerable phytochemical and antioxidant activity. Phenolics, flavonoid and antioxidant activity, were found to be highest in Cinnamomum tamala. The phenolic and flavonoid value ranged from 9.89 to 147.15µgGAE/mg and 4.32 to 28.43µgQE/mg plant extract, respectively. The IC50 for various antioxidant activities ranged from 27.94 to 114.15µg/mL (DPPH), 15.05 to 707.74µg/mL and 40.23 to 338.91µg/mL (TBARS). Similarly, C. tamala showed the strongest larvicidal activity with LC50 value of 3.11mg/mL in Aedes aegypti larvae. Conclusion: The present study observed that C. tamala leaves could be a good source of phytochemicals and antioxidant and larvicidal activity.

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Pavunraj, M., G. Ramasubbu, P. Ezhumalai, K. Nagarajan, and S. Rajeshkumar. "Assessment of the Phytotoxicity and Antifeedant Properties of Aristolochia bracteolata Lamk. Leaf Extracts and their Derivatives against the Spotted Bollworm, [Eariasvittella (Fab.)], (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 45, no. 13 (2024): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2024/v45i134139.

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The phytopesticidal effects of various solvent crude extracts and isolated fractions from the leaves of Aristolochia bracteolata, which were tested for their antifeedant and larvicidal activities on the fourth instar larvae of the shoot and fruit of Earias vittella.The antifeedant and larvicidal activities were performed by fruit disc no-choice methods at 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, and 5% and 125, 250, 500, and 1,000 ppm concentrations for crude and fractions, respectively. The dichloromethane (DCM) extract of A. bracteolata exhibited the maximum antifeedant (61.10%) and larvicidal (65.33%) activities at 5% concentration against E. vittella, followed by hexane (44.93%), acetone (40.40%) and aqueous (22.25%) extracts. It was subjected to fractionation using silica gel column chromatography with different combinations of hexane and ethyl acetate used as the mobile phase. Among the six fractions obtained, fraction 6 showed the maximum antifeedant (78.32%) and larvicidal (81.77%) activities against E. vittella at a 1000 ppm concentration. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of the plant also showed alkaloids, anthroquinones, diterpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, polyphenols, saponins, steroids, and tannins in the extract. A. bracteolata leaves could be complemented with an eco-friendly pesticide/insecticide for an integrated pest management strategy.

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Maryam, Mairo Musa, Isa Shu’aibu, Alhassan Alkali, Hamma I. I, and Inuwa Alhaji Umar. "Phytochemical screening and larvicidal effects of methanolic leave extract of Ocimum gratissimum on Anopheles species larva in Gombe, Gombe State Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 17, no. 1 (2023): 917–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.17.1.1157.

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Mosquito vectors are among the well-known group of insect that transmit a number of deleterious human diseases, which has pose a major public health challenges affecting development of poorest countries in the world. Vector control is therefore an essential requirement in the control of these diseases. The emergence of insecticide resistance and their effects on non-target population and the environment has necessitated an urgent search for development of new and improved vector control methods that are ecofriendly, economical and effective as well as safe for non-target organisms and the environment. The present study aims to access the larvicidal efficacy of Ocimum gratissimum extracts against Anopheles species larvae. The Ocimum (scent) leaf methanolic extract was obtained using a cold method of extraction, the phytochemical investigation was studied using a simple qualitative analysis and a biological test to determine it larvicidal properties as per the WHO standard protocol. The percent yield of the methanolic extract from leaves of Occimum gratissimum was 8.14%. Presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, saponins, antraquinones, phenolics and glycosides have been observed. The biological test revealed that the methanolic extract from Occimum gratissimum has remarkable larvicidal properties with an LC50 and LC90 values of 4.28 and 24.40 mg/ml after a period of 72 hours respectively. This may offer great prospective as new control agents against Anopheles spp which is considered a threat to human health in the World especially Nigeria. The Ocimum gratissimum plant extracts tested in our study showed potent larvicidal properties that have potential to be developed as a natural insecticides.

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Chapagain, Bishnu P., and Zeev Wiesman. "Larvicidal Properties of the Three Major Furostanol Saponins of Balanites aegyptiaca Fruit Mesocarp against Aedes agypti Mosquito Larvae." Natural Product Communications 2, no. 8 (2007): 1934578X0700200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0700200804.

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Among various biological activities, saponin-rich extracts have been found to be larvicidal against mosquito larvae; however, no study so far has reported using pure furostanol saponins. In this study, three major furostanol saponins: 26-( O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-3β,22,26-trihydroxyfurost-5-ene 3- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 26-( O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-22- O-methylfurost-5-ene-3β,26-diol 3- O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), and 26-( O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-22- O-methylfurost-5-ene.3β,26-diol 3- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) were isolated from methanol extracts of the fruit mesocarp of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. (desert date). Their identification was carried out by ESI-MSn and structures were elucidated by 800 MHz 1H NMR spectroscopy. The larvicidal properties of these saponins against the Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae were evaluated. Results suggest that all three saponins possess larvicidal activity, but the activity was found to be related to the structure of the saponins, basically in the C-22 position of the aglycone and in the oligosaccharide chain. A furostanol saponin that presents -OCH3 at the C-22 position compared to an -OH group, and the lack of a xylose molecule compared to its presence is found to be more larvicidal.

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Castelino, Prakash Anil, Jagadeesh Prasad Dasappa, Prashantha Naik, Sharath Chandra K. Sharath Chandra K, and Vishma B. L. Vishma B. L. "Synthesis of Arylfuran Propenones and Study of their Mosquito-Larvicidal and Antibacterial Properties." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 4 (2012): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/apr2014/22.

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Costa, Gabriela Morais da, Maria Conceição Carneiro dos Santos, Gustavo Oliveira Everton, Paulina De Cássia Duarte de Sousa, and Maurício Eduardo Salgado Rangel. "Physicochemical properties, toxicity and larvicidal activity of the essential oil of Cymbopogon winterianus in front of Aedes aegypti." Ciência e Natura 42 (June 4, 2020): e39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x44044.

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Due to the increasing rate of morbidity and mortality caused by vector diseases in the current context, especially by Aedes aegypti, substances of plants have been studied as alternatives to chemical insecticides, among them, the essential oil (EO) of the species Cymbopogon winterianus. Thus, this study evaluated the larvicidal activity of the EO of C. winterianus against the A. aegypti larvae. EO was extracted through the hydro-distillation technique and physicochemical properties were determined. To evaluate larvicidal activity, tests were performed with larvae in the third instar at the final concentrations of 19.54; 26.50; 55.59; 138.98; 208.47 and 277.97 mg L-1 of C. winterianus EO. In addition, Artemia salina Leach bioassay was used to verify toxicity effect. EO obtained presented satisfactory results in 2.64%. In the larvicidal assay, 100% mortality of larvae was observed after 24 hours at concentrations of 208.47 mg L-1 and 277.97 mg L-1 of the EO, showed effective in the other concentrations and with LC50 of 46.18 mg L-1, considered highly active. In the toxicity assay, the EO presented LC50 at 532.34 mg L-1, showed considered nontoxic. These results reinforce the use of EO front A. aegypt larvae control.

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Maryam, Mairo Musa, Shu'aibu Isa, Alkali Alhassan, I. I. Hamma, and Alhaji Umar Inuwa. "Phytochemical screening and larvicidal effects of methanolic leave extract of Ocimum gratissimum on Anopheles species larva in Gombe, Gombe State Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 17, no. 1 (2023): 917–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089584.

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Mosquito vectors are among the well-known group of insect that transmit a number of deleterious human diseases, which has pose a major public health challenges affecting development of poorest countries in the world. Vector control is therefore an essential requirement in the control of these diseases. The emergence of insecticide resistance and their effects on non-target population and the environment has necessitated an urgent search for development of new and improved vector control methods that are ecofriendly, economical and effective as well as safe for non-target organisms and the environment. The present study aims to access the larvicidal efficacy of Ocimum gratissimum extracts against Anopheles species larvae. The Ocimum (scent) leaf methanolic extract was obtained using a cold method of extraction, the phytochemical investigation was studied using a simple qualitative analysis and a biological test to determine it larvicidal properties as per the WHO standard protocol. The percent yield of the methanolic extract from leaves of Occimum gratissimum was 8.14%. Presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, saponins, antraquinones, phenolics and glycosides have been observed. The biological test revealed that the methanolic extract from Occimum gratissimum has remarkable larvicidal properties with an LC50 and LC90 values of 4.28 and 24.40 mg/ml after a period of 72 hours respectively. This may offer great prospective as new control agents against Anopheles spp which is considered a threat to human health in the World especially Nigeria. The Ocimum gratissimum plant extracts tested in our study showed potent larvicidal properties that have potential to be developed as a natural insecticides.

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Salsabila, Bella Tasya, Selvi Marcellia, and Nofita Nofita. "Uji efektivitas ekstrak kulit buah mahoni (Swietenia Mahagoni L.) sebagai larvasida aedes aegypti dengan metode sokletasi." JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues 4, no. 2 (2024): 54–61. https://doi.org/10.56922/pti.v4i2.535.

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Background: Swietenia mahagoni (L.) known as mahogany is an example of a plant that has larvicidal effectiveness. Mahogany rind contains flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, steroids and terpenoids. Secondary metabolite compounds that can be used as larvicides, namely, flavonoids which work by causing wilting of the nerves and damage to the respiratory system and causing the larvae to be unable to breathe and eventually die Purpose: To find out whether mahogany rind (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) is effective as a larvicide on Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and to find out what the LC50 value is in the effectiveness test on mahogany rind (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) as a larvicide on Aedes aegypti mosquitoes). Methods: Mosquitoes were divided into 6 groups, namely, positive control group, concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4% and negative control. Results: The yield of mahogany peel extract was 6.7%. The results of the ethanol extract of mahogany fruit has activity as a larvicidal from a concentration of 2% and 4% already has an effectiveness almost equivalent to the positive control. The LC50 value indicates the ability of the ethanol extract of mahogany fruit to be 0.244%. Then the data obtained was then tested using the One Way ANOVA test and the LSD (Least Significance Different) Post Hoc test to determine whether there were differences in each concentration. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni L.) peel has highly toxic properties in killing Aedes aegypti larvae. Keywords: Mahogany Fruit Peel; larvicides; Aedes aegypti; Soxhletation Method. Pendahuluan: Swietenia mahagoni (L.) yang dikenal sebagai mahoni merupakan salah satu contoh tanaman yang memiliki efektivitas larvasida. Kulit buah mahoni mengandung flavonoid, saponin, tanin, alkaloid, fenol, steroid dan terpenoid. Senyawa metabolit sekunder yang dapat digunakan sebagai larvasida yaitu, flavonoid yang bekerja dengan cara menimbulkan kelayuan pada syaraf serta kerusakan pada sistem pernapasan dan mengakibatkan larva tidak bisa bernapas dan akhirnya mati Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui apakah kulit buah mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) efektif sebagai larvasida pada nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan untuk mengetahui berapakah nilai LC50 pada uji efektivitas pada kulit buah mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) sebagai larvasida pada nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Metode: Nyamuk dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu, kelompok kontrol positif, konsentrasi 0,5%, 1%, 2%, 4% dan kontrol negatif. Hasil: Rendemen ekstrak kulit buah mahoni didaptakan sebesar 6,7%. Hasil ekstrak etanol buah mahoni memiliki aktivitas sebagai larvasida dari konsentrasi 2% dan 4% sudah memiliki efektivitas hampir setara dengan kontrol positif. Nilai LC50 menunjukkan kemampuan ekstrak etanol buah mahoni sebesar 0,244%. Kemudian data yang didapatkan lalu diuji menggunakan uji One Way ANOVA dan uji Post Hoc LSD (Least Significance Different) untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan pada tiap konsentrasi. Simpulan: Ekstrak etanol kulit buah mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni L.) memiliki sifat sangat beracun dalam membunuh larva Aedes aegypti. Kata Kunci: Kulit Buah Mahoni; Larvasida; Aedes Aegypti; Metode Sokletasi.

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Rampadarath, Sillma, Daneshwar Puchooa, and Vijayanti Mala Ranghoo-Sanmukhiya. "Antimicrobial, phytochemical and larvicidal properties of Jatropha multifida Linn." Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 7 (September 2014): S380—S383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60262-5.

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Paramasivam, Indhumathi, Simran Sinsinwar, and Meenakshi Sundaram Muthuraman. "PHYTOPHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MELOTHRIA MADERASPATANA: A REVIEW." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 8 (2017): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i8.18964.

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A medicinal plant plays a vital role in traditional systems. It is necessary to study the pharmacology activity of individual plants for treating diseases. Melothria maderaspatana Linn belongs to the family of cucurbitaceae, mostly present in South India and it shows biological activities such as antibacterial, antioxidant, larvicidal, antiulcerogenic, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, antihypertensive, immunomodulatory and antihepatotoxic for treating various diseases which are discussed in this review paper.

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Negara, Bertoka Fajar Surya Perwira, Jae-Hak Sohn, Jin-Soo Kim, and Jae-Suk Choi. "Antifungal and Larvicidal Activities of Phlorotannins from Brown Seaweeds." Marine Drugs 19, no. 4 (2021): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19040223.

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Phlorotannins are secondary metabolites produced by brown seaweeds with antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and larvicidal activities. Phlorotannins’ structures are formed by dibenzodioxin, ether and phenyl, ether, or phenyl linkages. The polymerization of phlorotannins is used to classify and characterize. The structural diversity of phlorotannins grows as polymerization increases. They have been characterized extensively with respect to chemical properties and functionality. However, review papers of the biological activities of phlorotannins have focused on their antibacterial and antiviral effects, and reviews of their broad antifungal and larvicidal effects are lacking. Accordingly, evidence for the effectiveness of phlorotannins as antifungal and larvicidal agents is discussed in this review. Online databases (ScienceDirect, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) were used to identify relevant articles. In total, 11 articles were retrieved after duplicates were removed and exclusion criteria were applied. Phlorotannins from brown seaweeds show antifungal activity against dermal and plant fungi, and larvicidal activity against mosquitos and marine invertebrate larvae. However, further studies of the biological activity of phlorotannins against fungal and parasitic infections in aquaculture fish, livestock, and companion animals are needed for systematic analyses of their effectiveness. The research described in this review emphasizes the potential applications of phlorotannins as pharmaceutical, functional food, pesticide, and antifouling agents.

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NAINE, S. JEMIMAH, and C. SUBATHRA DEVI. "Larvicidal and Repellent Properties of Streptomyces sp. VITJS4 Crude Extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)." Polish Journal of Microbiology 63, no. 3 (2014): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2014-045.

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The aim of the present study was to assess the larvicidal and repellent properties of marine Streptomyces sp. VITJS4 crude extracts. The marine soil samples were collected from the Puducherry coast, Tamil Nadu, India. The isolate Streptomyces sp. VITJS4 was taxonomically characterized and identified. The ethyl acetate crude extract tested for larvicidal property showed 100% mortality for all the 3 species after 24 h exposure against the early fourth instar larvae of malarial vector--Anopheles stephensi at 50% and 90% lethal concentration (LC50 = 132.86, LC90 396.14 ppm); dengue vector--Aedes aegypti (LC50 = 112.78, LC90 336.42 ppm) and filariasis vector--Culex quinquefasciatus (LC50 = 156.53, LC90 468.37 ppm). The Streptomyces sp. VITJS4 solvent extracts of hexane, ethyl acetate, benzene, chloroform and methanol were tested for repellent activity against A. stephensi, A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus. The ethyl acetate extract showed complete protection for 210 min at 6 mg/cm2 against these mosquito bites. The crude extract was analyzed further for Fourier Transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. In addition to the importance of bioactive compounds, the utilization of Streptomyces sp. VITJS4 crude extracts revealed effective larvicidal and repellent activity against the vectors, which perhaps represents a promising tool in the management of mosquito control.

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Rosi Esa Gustina and Serli Seprinanda. "Effectivity Of Coffee Mistletoe Extract (Loranthus ferrugineus Jack) As Insecticide Against Culex sp." International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) 2, no. 1 (2022): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.51601/ijhp.v2i1.28.

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Coffee mistletoe (Loranthus ferrugineus Jack) contains phytochemical compounds such as alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin and tannin. The compounds possess natural insecticide properties against mosquito larva. The aim of this study was to obtain the effectivity of coffee mistletoe extract as larvicidal agent against Culex sp. The study was designed as a post test only control group with a total of 80 tested larvae and 24 hr of observation. The concentration of administered extract was 0% (K0), 0.7% (P1), 0.9 % (P2) and 2% (P3). Based on ANOVA test, there was a significant difference between control group and treatment group (p=0.001<α(0.05)). Based on a post hoc analysis result, the larvicidal percentage was significant between K0 and P2 (p=0.013), K0 and P3 (p=0.001), P1 and P2 (p=0.045), P1 and P3 (p=0.002), and between P2 and P3 (p=0.023). In this case, there was no significant difference between K0 and P1 group (p=0.697). The coffee mistletoe extracts were then proved to exhibit larvicidal activities against Culex sp. larva.

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Sever, Belgin, Mehlika Dilek Altıntop, Ahmet Özdemir, et al. "Biological evaluation of a series of benzothiazole derivatives as mosquitocidal agents." Open Chemistry 17, no. 1 (2019): 288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2019-0027.

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AbstractAedes aegypti is associated with the transmission of numerous human and animal diseases, such as yellow fever, dengue fever, chikungunya, and more recently Zika virus. Emerging insecticide resistance has created a need to develop new mosquitocidal agents for effective control operations. A series of benzothiazole-piperidine derivatives (1-24) were investigated for their larvicidal and adulticidal effects on Ae. aegypti It was observed that compounds 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11 and 13 showed notable larvicidal activity. Furthermore, compounds 6 and 10 showed promising adulticidal activity. Based on the mosquitocidal properties of these compounds, docking studies were also carried out in the active site of the AeSCP2 enzyme to explore any insights into further in vitro enzyme studies. Docking results indicated that all these active compounds showed reasonable interactions with critical residues in the active site of this enzyme. This outcome suggested that these compounds might show their larvicidal and adulticidal effects via the inhibition of AeSCP2. According to in vitro and in silico studies, compounds 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11 and 13 stand out as candidates for further studies.

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Bella, Bella Tasya Salsabila, Selvi Marcellia, and Nofita Nofita. "Uji efektivitas ekstrak kulit buah mahoni (swietenia mahagoni L.) sebagai larvasida aedes aegypti dengan metode sokletasi." JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues 2, no. 2 (2022): 54–61. https://doi.org/10.56922/pti.v2i02.282.

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Background: Swietenia mahagoni (L.) known as mahogany is an example of a plant that has larvicidal effectiveness. Mahogany rind contains flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, steroids and terpenoids. Secondary metabolite compounds that can be used as larvicides, namely, flavonoids which work by causing wilting of the nerves and damage to the respiratory system and causing the larvae to be unable to breathe and eventually die Purpose: To find out whether mahogany rind (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) is effective as a larvicide on Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and to find out what the LC50 value is in the effectiveness test on mahogany rind (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) as a larvicide on Aedes aegypti mosquitoes). Methods: Mosquitoes were divided into 6 groups, namely, positive control group, concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4% and negative control. Results: The yield of mahogany peel extract was 6.7%. The results of the ethanol extract of mahogany fruit has activity as a larvicidal from a concentration of 2% and 4% already has an effectiveness almost equivalent to the positive control. The LC50 value indicates the ability of the ethanol extract of mahogany fruit to be 0.244%. Then the data obtained was then tested using the One Way ANOVA test and the LSD (Least Significance Different) Post Hoc test to determine whether there were differences in each concentration. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni L.) peel has highly toxic properties in killing Aedes aegypti larvae. Pendahuluan: Swietenia mahagoni (L.) yang dikenal sebagai mahoni merupakan salah satu contoh tanaman yang memiliki efektivitas larvasida. Kulit buah mahoni mengandung flavonoid, saponin, tanin, alkaloid, fenol, steroid dan terpenoid. Senyawa metabolit sekunder yang dapat digunakan sebagai larvasida yaitu, flavonoid yang bekerja dengan cara menimbulkan kelayuan pada syaraf serta kerusakan pada sistem pernapasan dan mengakibatkan larva tidak bisa bernapas dan akhirnya mati Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui apakah kulit buah mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) efektif sebagai larvasida pada nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan untuk mengetahui berapakah nilai LC50 pada uji efektivitas pada kulit buah mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) sebagai larvasida pada nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Metode: Nyamuk dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu, kelompok kontrol positif, konsentrasi 0,5%, 1%, 2%, 4% dan kontrol negatif. Hasil: Rendemen ekstrak kulit buah mahoni didaptakan sebesar 6,7%. Hasil ekstrak etanol buah mahoni memiliki aktivitas sebagai larvasida dari konsentrasi 2% dan 4% sudah memiliki efektivitas hampir setara dengan kontrol positif. Nilai LC50 menunjukkan kemampuan ekstrak etanol buah mahoni sebesar 0,244%. Kemudian data yang didapatkan lalu diuji menggunakan uji One Way ANOVA dan uji Post Hoc LSD (Least Significance Different) untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan pada tiap konsentrasi. Simpulan: Ekstrak etanol kulit buah mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni L.) memiliki sifat sangat beracun dalam membunuh larva Aedes aegypti.

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Ubulom, Peace. "Larvicidal and Antifungal Properties of Picralima nitida (Apocynaceae) Leaf Extracts." European Journal of Medicinal Plants 2, no. 2 (2012): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ejmp/2012/869.

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Taylor, Wesley G., Tse Wai Hall, and Darrell D. Vedres. "Synthesis and Larvicidal Properties of Some Cyclopropylcarboxamides Related tocis-Permethrin†." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 46, no. 4 (1998): 1572–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf9705375.

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Binu Kumari, S. "LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST CULEX QUINQUE- FASCIATUS SAY." Journal of Biopesticides 03, no. 02 (2010): 520–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.3.2.520-522.

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ABSTRACT Petroleum ether extract (1000, 500, 250, 125 ppm) of Toddalia asiatica L., Aegle mermelos Corr., Murraya koengili Spreng., leaves and seed extracts of Alocasia indica Schott., were tested for their larvicidal activity on fourth instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus Say results showed that tested plant extracts possessed insecticidal activity. The synergetic effect of mixture of methanol extracts of T. asiatica seeds and the leaves of A. indica (1:1) at 10.265 ppm concentration showed larval mortality, pupal mortality, half ecdysed organisms, larval-pupal intermediates and colour changes during fourth instar stage. It is suggested that all the plants possess larvicidal properties that could be developed and used as natural insecticides for mosquito control.

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Alves, Antonio Carlos Leite, Toshik Iarley da Silva, Francisco Roberto de Azevedo, et al. "Larvicidal Activity in vivo of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts From Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) on Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae)." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 8 (2019): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n8p129.

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The insecticides properties of Moringa oleifera (moringa) were evaluated in Aedes aegypti larvae, throughout an entirely randomized trial, represented by ethanolic and aqueous extracts obtained from leaves, flowers, barks, seeds and moringa roots, besides the control group. Five batches of 10 in 3rd stadium larvae were distributed in distilled water, added an extract concentration of 50 mL L-1, and the control treatment (distilled water). The test reading was measured after 24, 48 and 72 hours after larvae exposure, were considered dead those who did not respond to a mechanical stimulation of a clamp. The seed ethanolic extract produced the best performance after 24 hours (34% mortality), but after 48 hours, the flower extract was the more potent (38% mortality). The largest larvicidal activity was observed with the extract concentration of 90 mL L-1. The results indicate that moringa has larvacides properties against Aedes, but its chemical constituents need to be isolated and tested separately to enhance your larvicidal activity.

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Alomar, Abdullah A. "Bacillus velezensis as a Novel Species for Mosquito Control: Impacts of Exposure on Key Life History Traits of Culex quinquefasciatus." Insects 16, no. 4 (2025): 434. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16040434.

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Bacillus velezensis is a promising mosquito vector biocontrol agent due to its potent larvicidal properties. This study investigated the lethal and sublethal effects of exposure to crude toxin of B. velezensis strain WHk23 on Culex quinquefasciatus. Toxicity bioassays showed a median lethal concentration of 28.30 µg/mL for third instar larvae. In addition to direct larval mortality, sublethal exposures resulted in concentration-dependent decreases in survival, fecundity, and fertility. Exposure to different concentrations was found to accelerate larval development, resulting in larger females, yet those females exhibited lower lifespan and diminished reproductive success. These results suggest that exposure to B. velezensis not only reduces mosquito populations but also has lasting effects on important life history parameters, ultimately lowering vectorial capacity and disease transmission risk. This study provides valuable insights into the lethal and sublethal consequences of B. velezensis exposure. Given its potent larvicidal properties, B. velezensis represents a promising biocontrol agent for mosquito vectors.

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Madhu, Nithar Ranjan, and Bhanumati Sarkar. "Adulticidal and repellent properties of indigenous plant extracts against Larvae of mosquito: A Review." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH AND REVIEW 1 (August 30, 2015): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2015.v01.004.

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One method of prevention of mosquito borne diseases is the reduction of the mosquito population in the various stages of development, such as the use of ovicidal, larvicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, and mosquitocidal substances. The application of chemical insecticides in mosquito control has resulted in the persistence and accumulation of non-biodegradable chemicals in the ecosystem, biological magnification through the food chain, insecticide resistance, and a toxic effect in human health and non-target organisms. Many studies on plant extracts against the mosquito population have been conducted around the world. The plant-mediated repellents are advantageous over chemical and physical methods, since it is cheap, single-step, and does not require high pressure, energy, temperature, or the use of highly toxic chemicals. In the latest years, a growing number of plant-borne compounds have been proposed for efficient and rapid extracellular synthesis of metal nanoparticles effective against mosquitoes at very low doses. The present study reveals that the aqueous extract of this leaf has a suitable property for a larvicidal natural product and may replace harmful chemical pesticides.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Larvicidal Properties'

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