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1

Sierra-Trillo, Maria Isabel, Ralf Thomann, Ingo Krossing, Ralf Hanselmann, Rolf Mülhaupt, and Yi Thomann. "Laser Ablation on Isostatic Graphite—A New Way to Create Exfoliated Graphite." Materials 15, no. 16 (2022): 5474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165474.

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In search of a new way to fabricate graphene-like materials, isostatic graphite targets were ablated using high peak power with a nanosecond-pulsed infrared laser. We conducted dry ablations in an argon atmosphere and liquid-phase ablations in the presence of a liquid medium (water or toluene). After the dry ablation, the SEM images of the target showed carbon in the form of a volcano-like grain structure, which seemed to be the result of liquid carbon ejected from the ablation center. No graphite exfoliation could be achieved using dry ablation. When using liquid phase ablation with water or
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2

Aligholami, M. "Nanofluids by pulsed laser ablation in liquid: Parameter influence." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2970, no. 1 (2025): 012005. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2970/1/012005.

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Abstract The pulsed laser ablation in liquid method (PLAL), recognized as an environmentally sustainable technique for ablating and dispersing metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) within a liquid medium, was employed to synthesize Copper and Molybdenum targets within water. A varying ablation time duration, a critical parameter in the laser process, was systematically chosen to investigate the stability of Cu/water and Mo/water nanofluids. Optical and morphological characterizations revealed a consistent synthesis of nanoparticles, predominantly manifesting a semi-spherical or circular morphology.
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3

Nikov, Ro, N. Nedyalkov, T. Nikova, and L. Aleksandrov. "Nanosecond laser ablation of nitride ceramics in liquid." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2240, no. 1 (2022): 012048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2240/1/012048.

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Abstract The work presents results on nanosecond laser ablation of nitride ceramics immersed in a liquid medium. AlN and Si3N4 ceramic plates were used targets, and double distilled water was used as a liquid medium. Radiation of a nanosecond Nd:YAG laser system was used in the ablation process with the purpose of studying the influence of the laser fluence and number of pulses on the target surface morphology. The morphology and phase composition of the structured surfaces were explored by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements, respectively. The optical properties of
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4

Bočáková, Barbora, Martin Necpal, and Martin Sahul. "Influence of Liquid Medium on Laser Ablation of Titanium." Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology 30, no. 50 (2022): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rput-2022-0008.

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Abstract Titanium grade 2 plates were modified by a pulsed nanosecond laser beam. The aim was to determine the surface properties after the machining process in two different liquid media. The samples were processed in distilled water and paraffin oil. It was found that a surface with half-surface roughness values with a number of cracks was formed in distilled water. The presence of water reduced the size of the heat-affected zone.
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5

Utsunomiya, Yuji, Takashi Kajiwara, Takashi Nishiyama, Kunihito Nagayama, Shiro Kubota, and Motonao Nakahara. "Laser ablation of liquid surface in air induced by laser irradiation through liquid medium." Applied Physics A 101, no. 1 (2010): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-010-6031-3.

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6

Lasemi, Niusha, and Günther Rupprechter. "Chemical and Laser Ablation Synthesis of Monometallic and Bimetallic Ni-Based Nanoparticles." Catalysts 10, no. 12 (2020): 1453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10121453.

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The catalytic properties of nanoparticles depend on their size, shape and surface/defect structure, with the entire catalyst performance being governed by the corresponding distributions. Herein, we present two routes of mono- and bimetallic nanoparticle synthesis that enable control of the structural parameters, i.e., wet-chemical synthesis and laser ablation in liquid-phase. The latter is particularly suited to create defect-rich nanoparticles. Impregnation routes were applied to prepare Ni and NiCu nanoparticles, whereas nano- and femtosecond laser ablation in liquid-phase were employed to
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7

Mbambo, Makhangela C., Saleh Khamlich, Touria Khamliche, Bakang M. Mothudi, and Malik Maaza. "Pulsed Nd:YAG laser assisted fabrication of graphene nanosheets in water." MRS Advances 3, no. 42-43 (2018): 2573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.275.

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AbstractGraphene nanosheets were prepared by pulsed Nd:YAG laser ablation of graphite target in H2O under ambient conditions. The synthesized graphene nanosheets were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED). The obtained structural and morphological analysis confirmed that the graphene nanosheets could be formed in an aqueous medium via one step method where a nanosecond pulsed near-infrared (NIR) laser (λ = 1064 nm) is used to ablate the surface of a pure graphite targe
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8

Subhan, Abdul, Abdel-Hamid Ismail Mourad, and Yarub Al-Douri. "Influence of Laser Process Parameters, Liquid Medium, and External Field on the Synthesis of Colloidal Metal Nanoparticles Using Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid: A Review." Nanomaterials 12, no. 13 (2022): 2144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12132144.

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Pulsed laser ablation in liquid, used for nanoparticle synthesis from solid bulk metal targets (a top-down approach), has been a hot topic of research in the past few decades. It is a highly efficient and ‘green’ fabrication method for producing pure, stable, non-toxic (ligand-free), colloidal nanoparticles, which is often challenging using traditional chemical methods. Due to the short time scale interaction between the laser pulses and the target, it is difficult to achieve complete control on the physical characteristics of metallic nanoparticles. Laser process parameters, liquid environmen
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9

Mendivil, M. I., L. V. García, B. Krishnan, D. Avellaneda, J. A. Martinez, and S. Shaji. "CuInGaSe 2 nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation in liquid medium." Materials Research Bulletin 72 (December 2015): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2015.07.038.

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10

Khalid, Mariam, Saleem Azara Hussain, and Khalidah H. Al-Mayalee. "Characterization and comparison of titanium dioxide nanoparticles prepared by microwave and pulse laser ablation liquid methods." Journal of Kufa-Physics 16, no. 01 (2024): 26–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31257/2018/jkp/2024/v16.i01.14196.

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This study synthesized titanium dioxide (TiO2) quickly and cheaply using microwaves and pulsed laser ablation. Titanium isopropoxide (Ti[OCH(CH3)2]4) was the precursor and deionized water (DIW) was the solvent and reducer for sub-micrometer particle production in microwave technique. TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized in pulsed laser ablation liquid medium after a 5-minute preparation period in a 1200 W commercial microwave and a 1-hour annealing at 400°C. A Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with 480 mJ energy per pulse was used for 100, 200, and 300 pulses. Multiple methods, including XRD, BET, and ED
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11

Koinkar, Pankaj, Yu Ohsumi, Makoto Kanazawa, Akihiro Furube, Dnyaneshwar Gavhane, and Mahendra A. More. "Field emission properties of laser ablated multi-walled carbon nanotubes." International Journal of Modern Physics B 32, no. 19 (2018): 1840045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979218400453.

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In the present study, the field emission properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) treated with laser ablation have been investigated. The MWCNTs were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition method. The laser ablation treatment was performed in liquid medium for laser ablation time of 40 min and 60 min. The morphology of MWCNTs films was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The results exhibit that the field emission properties of MWCNTs are dependent on the laser ablation time. The Raman spectra o
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12

Parenago, Oleg, Alexey Rybaltovsky, Evgeniy Epifanov, et al. "Synthesis of Supported Heterogeneous Catalysts by Laser Ablation of Metallic Palladium in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Medium." Molecules 25, no. 24 (2020): 5807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25245807.

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To obtain a supported heterogeneous catalyst, laser ablation of metallic palladium in supercritical carbon dioxide was performed in the presence of a carrier, microparticles of γ-alumina. The influence of the ablation process conditions—including supercritical fluid density, ablation, mixing time of the mixture, and laser wavelength—on the completeness and efficiency of the deposition of palladium particles on the surface of the carrier was studied. The obtained composites were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy using energy dispersive spectroscopy. We found that pal
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13

Ohsumi, Yu, Pankaj Koinkar, Akihiro Furube, Keh Moh Lin, Subhash Kondawar, and Mahendra A. More. "A study on the field emission properties of Bi2Se3 nanostructures prepared by laser ablation." Modern Physics Letters B 33, no. 14n15 (2019): 1940050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984919400505.

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One of the effective methods known as pulse laser ablation in liquid (PLAL), in which a solid target material is immersed in an organic solvent and laser beam is irradiated through liquid on a target material, is a direct method used to generate nanoparticles in liquid medium. The present work is focused on the preparation of bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) nanoparticles using PLAL to study their field emission characteristics. The PLAL was performed under nanosecond (ns) laser with different ablation time of 120 min and 240 min. The field emission characteristics were measured in the planer “diode”
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14

Said, A., L. Sajti, S. Giorgio, and W. Marine. "Synthesis of nanohybrid materials by femtosecond laser ablation in liquid medium." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 59 (April 1, 2007): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/59/1/055.

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15

Khalaf Ali, Abdulrahman, and Dayah N. Raouf. "Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid Medium." Engineering and Technology Journal 29, no. 15 (2011): 3058–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.29.15.2.

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16

Shahzada, Shaista, Anbarin Fatima, Asma Nazir, Arshad Mehmood, Mazhar Mehmood, and Ali Nadeem. "Structural and optical properties of TiO2–Ge nanoparticles prepared through laser ablation in liquid medium." Canadian Journal of Physics 95, no. 7 (2017): 645–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2016-0578.

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Quantum dot (QD) composite nanoparticles of titania germanium (TiO2–Ge) were fabricated by pulsed laser ablation of composite targets of TiO2–Ge immersed in deionized water. The single phase crystallanity, lattice parameters, and the evaluation of crystallite size of nanoparticles was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology of the samples was analyzed through scanning electron microscopic studies. The average particle size calculated through XRD and measured through scanning electron microscope is in the range from 18 to 29 nm and are in agreement with each other. Compositional
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17

Nikov, Rosen, Nikolay Nedyalkov, Stefan Valkov, et al. "Nanosecond Laser Processing of Titanium in Organic Liquids as a Method for Obtaining Titanium Carbide Coatings." Materials 18, no. 3 (2025): 598. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18030598.

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This work presents results on nanosecond laser ablation of a titanium (Ti) plate immersed in a liquid medium using the fundamental wavelength (1064 nm) of a nanosecond Nd:YAG laser system. The laser radiation was focused on the target surface as scanning was accomplished by an XY translation stage. The laser processing of the Ti targets took place in two organic liquids—liquid paraffin and diesel oil. The morphology of the structured surfaces and the structure and phase composition of the samples were studied; their dependences on the processing parameters are discussed. With both liquid media
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18

Iida, Yasuo, Akira Tsuge, Yoshinori Uwamino, Hisashi Morikawa, and Toshio Ishizuka. "Laser ablation in a liquid medium as a technique for solid sampling." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 6, no. 7 (1991): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ja9910600541.

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19

Soliman, Wafaa, Sara El-Ansary, and Yehia Badr. "Impact of Liquid Medium on Laser Ablation Mechanism: Surface Heating and Cooling." Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing 5, no. 4 (2018): 430–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40516-018-0073-3.

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20

Cui, Kunyu, Jian Luo, Kefeng Xu, Lei Ling, and Riping Cheng. "The Study of Patterns and Mechanisms of Continuous Laser Ablation of Carbon Steel Rust Layers in Multi-Medium Environments." Applied Sciences 14, no. 12 (2024): 5052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14125052.

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A new multi-scenario, low-cost, high-efficiency, medium-assisted continuous laser cleaning of corrosion layers was developed. By comparing the roughness and cleaning depth of rust layers cleaned under conditions of liquid-assisted, solid-assisted, and mixed solid–liquid-assisted laser cleaning, simultaneously establishing a three-dimensional finite element model to study the variations during the cleaning process, and conducting a comparative analysis of the results of both, the cleaning mechanism is elucidated. The experimental results indicate that under conditions of water-assisted cleaning
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21

Flores-Castañeda, Mariela MFC, Enrique Campos González, Irvin Ruiz-Aguilar, et al. "Insecticide activity of bifenthrin nanoparticles synthesized by laser ablation of solids in liquids." Superficies y Vacío 32 (December 21, 2019): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47566/2019_syv32_1-010027.

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Organic nanoparticles of bifenthrin (agricultural insecticide) were successfully synthesized by the laser ablation of solids in liquids (LASL) technique, using as liquid medium a solution of a polymeric surfactant at 0.1 %. The results showed that the use of the surfactant improves the stability of the organic nanoparticles 18 times as compared to those synthesized in water. The characterization by UV-Vis spectroscopy allowed evaluating the stability of colloids, as well as determining the concentration of nanoparticles in the medium. In the characterization by TEM and HRTEM was possible to ob
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22

Yehia, Sașa-Alexandra, Lavinia Gabriela Carpen, Flavian Stokker-Cheregi, et al. "Laser ablation of a solid target in liquid medium for beryllium nanoparticles synthesis." Nuclear Materials and Energy 31 (June 2022): 101160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2022.101160.

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23

Ishikawa, Yoshie, Kenji Kawaguchi, Yoshiki Shimizu, Takeshi Sasaki, and Naoto Koshizaki. "Preparation of Fe–Pt alloy particles by pulsed laser ablation in liquid medium." Chemical Physics Letters 428, no. 4-6 (2006): 426–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2006.07.076.

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24

Al-Azawi, Mohammed A., Noriah Bidin, Mohamed Bououdina, Abdelelah Alshanableh, and Ethar Y. Salih. "The Effects of Liquid Environment on Ablation Efficiency and Morphology of Gold Nanoparticles Prepared by Laser Ablation Technique." Journal of Nano Research 37 (December 2015): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.37.99.

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Gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by pulsed laser (Nd:YAG, 1064 nm) ablation of an individual target in deionized water (DIW), pure ethanol, and mixture of DIW and ethanol with different concentrations of ethanol. The effects of ambient liquid environment on ablation efficiency, stability, and size of Au NPs were experimentally investigated. The optical spectral characterization and morphological observations were determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometer and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Particles are nearly spherical in shape in all liquid environments. The ablation
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25

Restuccia, Nancy, and Lorenzo Torrisi. "Nanoparticles generated by laser in liquids as contrast medium and radiotherapy intensifiers." EPJ Web of Conferences 167 (2018): 04007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201816704007.

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The synthesis of Au and Ag nanoparticles (NP) though laser ablation in liquids as a function the laser parameters is presented. Spherical NPs with diameter distribution within 1 and 100 nm were prepared by laser ablation in water. The nanoparticles characterization was performed using optical spectroscopy and electronic microscopy (SEM and TEM) measurements. Studies of the possible use of metallic nanoparticles as intensifier of diagnostics imaging contrast medium and absorbing dose from ionizing radiations in traditional radiotherapy and protontherapy are presented. Examples of in vitro (in t
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Dai, Jiangyun, Guoying Feng, Shutong Wang, Hong Zhang, Shengyu Dai, and Shouhuan Zhou. "Transparent NaGdF 4 :Nd 3+ colloid prepared by femtosecond laser ablation as a liquid laser medium." Optics & Laser Technology 92 (July 2017): 202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2017.01.008.

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27

Nyabadza, Anesu, Mercedes Vazquez, and Dermot Brabazon. "A Review of Bimetallic and Monometallic Nanoparticle Synthesis via Laser Ablation in Liquid." Crystals 13, no. 2 (2023): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13020253.

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Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) is a physical and top-down approach used to fabricate nanoparticles (NPs). Herein, the research methods and current trends in PLAL literature are reviewed, including the recent uses of PLAL for fabricating bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) and composites. BNPs have gained attention owing to their advanced physicochemical properties over monometallic NPs. PLAL involves the irradiation of a solid target (usually a rod, plate, or thin film) under a liquid medium. The liquid collects the ejected NPs resulting from the laser processing, which produces a colloid
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Biswas, Krishanu, Puspendu Kumar Das, and Kamanio Chattopadhyay. "Microstructural evolution in laser-ablation-deposited Fe–25 at.% Ge thin film." Journal of Materials Research 21, no. 1 (2006): 174–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2006.0023.

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Films with Fe–25 at.% Ge composition are deposited by the process of laser ablation on single crystal NaCl and Cu substrates at room temperature. Both the vapor and liquid droplets generated in this process are quenched on the substrate. The microstructures of the embedded droplets show size as well as composition dependence. The hierarchy of phase evolution from amorphous to body-centered cubic (bcc) to DO3 has been observed as a function of size. Some of the medium-sized droplets also show direct formation of ordered DO19 phase from the starting liquid. The evolution of disordered bcc struct
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29

Avicenna, Syifa, Iis Nurhasanah, and Ali Khumaeni. "Synthesis of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles in Various Liquid Media Using Pulse Laser Ablation Method and Its Antibacterial Properties." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 21, no. 3 (2021): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.60344.

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The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been applied as an antibacterial agent in consumer products, cosmetics, and food industries. In this present work, AgNPs were synthesized in various mediums of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and chitosan using the pulse laser ablation synthesis method. Experimentally, a pulse Nd:YAG laser beam (1064 nm, 7 ns, 30 mJ) was directed using a silver mirror and focused using a quartz lens with a focal length of 30 mm on a silver metal plate placed in a petri dish containing liquid mediums for 120 min to produce colloidal silver nanoparticl
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30

Kazakevich, P. V., P. S. Yares’ko, V. S. Kazakevich, and D. A. Kamynina. "Gold nanoparticle production by laser ablation in liquid nitrogen medium followed by cryogenic medium substitution with ethanol." Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute 41, no. 9 (2014): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068335614090061.

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31

Salim, Ali Aqeel, and Noriah Bidin. "Pulse Q-switched Nd:YAG laser ablation grown cinnamon nanomorphologies: Influence of different liquid medium." Journal of Molecular Structure 1149 (December 2017): 694–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.08.055.

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32

García Guillén, Grisel, Veronica Anahi Zuñiga Ibarra, Maria Isabel Mendivil Palma, Bindu Krishnan, David Avellaneda Avellaneda, and Sadasivan Shaji. "Effects of Liquid Medium and Ablation Wavelength on the Properties of Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles Formed by Pulsed-Laser Ablation." ChemPhysChem 18, no. 9 (2016): 1035–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201601056.

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33

Alenzi, Hanan, Md Safwan Abd Aziz, Mahmood Alhajj, and S. K. Ghoshal. "Effect of liquid type on optical absorption and emission features of pulsed laser ablated colloidal gold-copper nanoshells." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2974, no. 1 (2025): 012016. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2974/1/012016.

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Abstract Lately, the demand of pure, stable and enviro-friendly hybrid nanostructures of diverse noble metals with controlled physical and chemical properties are growing in the field of optoelectronics, bioelectronics and biomedicine. However, the large-scale synthesis of these nanohybrids with tunable size, stability and high-tech compatible performance remains challenging. Thus, we used Nd-YAG pulse laser (at optimum laser fluence of 4.4 J/cm2) to ablate the solid target of copper (Cu) and gold (Au) independently to make tiny spherical AuNPs and CuNPs in two types of growth medium including
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34

Епифанов, Е. О., А. Г. Шубный, Н. В. Минаев, А. О. Рыбалтовский, В. И. Юсупов, and О. П. Паренаго. "Applied the Synthesis of Heterogeneous Catalysts by Laser Ablation of Metallic Palladium with Pdeposition on Alumina in the Supercritical Carbon Dioxid." Сверхкритические Флюиды: Теория и Практика 14, no. 3(3) (2020): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.34984/scftp.2019.14.3.007.

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Спроектирована и изготовлена установка для получения нанесенных гетерогенных катализаторов методом лазерной абляции металлической мишени в присутствии носителей различной природы в среде сверхкритического диоксида углерода (СК-С0). Выбраны условия импульсного лазерного воздействия (длина волны, частота, время), параметры среды СК-С0 (давление, температура) и конфигурация узлов установки (лазер, мишень, носитель и элементы визуального и оптического контроля). На этой установке при лазерной абляции металлического палладия осаждением на у-оксид алюминия в среде СК-С0 получен композит, представляю
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Liang, Yoshiki Shimizu, Mitsutoshi Masuda, Takeshi Sasaki, and Naoto Koshizaki. "Preparation of Layered Zinc Hydroxide/Surfactant Nanocomposite by Pulsed-Laser Ablation in a Liquid Medium." Chemistry of Materials 16, no. 6 (2004): 963–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm034706e.

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Nath, Manashi, C. N. R. Rao, Ronit Popovitz-Biro, Angi Albu-Yaron, and Reshef Tenne. "Nanoparticles Produced by Laser Ablation of HfS3in Liquid Medium: Inorganic Fullerene-Like Structures of Hf2S." Chemistry of Materials 16, no. 11 (2004): 2238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm035246s.

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37

Mhin, Sung Wook, Jeong Ho Ryu, Kang Min Kim, et al. "Simple synthetic route for hydroxyapatite colloidal nanoparticles via a Nd:YAG laser ablation in liquid medium." Applied Physics A 96, no. 2 (2009): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-009-5219-x.

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38

Nyabadza, Anesu, Mercedes Vázquez, Brian Fitzpatrick, and Dermot Brabazon. "Effect of liquid medium and laser processing parameters on the fabrication of carbon nanoparticles via pulsed laser ablation in liquid towards paper electronics." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 636 (March 2022): 128151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128151.

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39

Jasim, Awatif Sabir, and Awrad Subhi Mahmood. "Preparation of Copper Nanoparticles Using Different Media by Pulsed Laser Ablation and Study of Their Physical Properties." Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 2, no. 4 (2023): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.4.17.

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In this study, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were prepared using the pulsed laser ablation method, and the study was conducted under the effect of changing the liquid medium (ethanol, deionized water, distilled water) with a number of pulses (700p/s) and using a (Q-switched Nd-YAG) laser. At a wavelength of 532nm and an energy of 100mJ, the results of the samples prepared in a medium (ethanol, distilled water, deionized water) showed the average radii of CuNPs (58.3, 61.6, 46.1 nm, respectively) with a spherical shape. The spectrum of copper at (3250 to 3550 ) is mainly due to the expansion of
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40

Saadah, Fatkhiyatus, Rizka Zakiyatul Miskiyah, and Ali Khumaeni. "Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnONPs) Photocatalyst using Pulse Laser Ablation Method for Antibacterial in Water Polluted." Journal of Physics and Its Applications 2, no. 2 (2020): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jpa.v2i2.8001.

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Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles by pulse laser ablation method has been successed carried out. Synthesis was carried out in aquades medium with a repetition rate variation of 5 Hz, 10 Hz and 15 Hz pulse laser yielding brown colloids. The higher laser repetition rate, the colloidal color will be more dark brown. Characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles includes UV-Vis, SEM-EDX, FTIR and XRD. The image of SEM shows that zinc oxide nanoparticles have a round shape. Measurement of particle distribution with imageJ software from SEM images showed that ZnO nanoparticles were 23.63 nm, 12.1
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Hassoon, Oday A.H., Odai N.S. Salman, Vladislav N. Mironyuk, et al. "Production of photosensitive structures based on CdSe nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes by physical methods." Modern Electronic Materials 11, no. (1) (2025): 3–11. https://doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.11.1.133978.

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The paper shows the possibility of producing photosensitive structures using physical methods without the use of chemical synthesis and vacuum techniques. Suspensions of CdSe nanoparticles were produced by pulsed laser ablation in a liquid medium (chloroform), and layers of semiconductor material (CdSe) and conductive layers (carbon nanotubes) were formed at the gas-liquid interface and transferred to solid substrates by the Langmuir–Schaeffer method. The size of CdSe nanoparticles in the layers ranged from 60 nm to 200 nm, and the bandgap was 2.3 eV. Multilayer film structures consisting of a
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42

Liu, Peisheng, Weiping Cai, and Haibo Zeng. "Fabrication and Size-Dependent Optical Properties of FeO Nanoparticles Induced by Laser Ablation in a Liquid Medium." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 112, no. 9 (2008): 3261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp709714a.

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Relvas, M. S., M. R. N. Soares, S. O. Pereira, A. V. Girão, F. M. Costa, and T. Monteiro. "Trends in Cr3+ red emissions from ZnGa2O4 nanostructures produced by pulsed laser ablation in a liquid medium." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 129 (June 2019): 413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2019.01.022.

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Choudhury, Kaushik, R. K. Singh, P. Kumar, Mukesh Ranjan, Atul Srivastava, and Ajai Kumar. "Effect of confined geometry on the size distribution of nanoparticles produced by laser ablation in liquid medium." Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects 17 (February 2019): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoso.2018.12.006.

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Bajaj, Geetika, and R. K. Soni. "Effect of liquid medium on size and shape of nanoparticles prepared by pulsed laser ablation of tin." Applied Physics A 97, no. 2 (2009): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-009-5248-5.

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Mahdieh, Mohammad Hossein, and Behzad Fattahi. "Size properties of colloidal nanoparticles produced by nanosecond pulsed laser ablation and studying the effects of liquid medium and laser fluence." Applied Surface Science 329 (February 2015): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.12.069.

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47

Fedorenko, L. "Self-Organization Processes of Nanostructure Formation by Laser Radiation in Metal." Advanced Materials Research 222 (April 2011): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.222.18.

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The current state of knowledge about mechanisms of metal nano-particles (NP) formation processes induced by the interaction of high-energy laser beam with surface of the metallic lattices (Au, Ag, Cu) is presented. The review includes an evaluation of the contribution of self-organized effects into the processes of the metal nano-structurization depending on the laser mode, external factors and internal parameters of an active zone. It was noticed that intensive pulsed laser illumination enabled to stimulate nano-fragmentation at the fluencies near and above the melting threshold of the metal
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Kadhum, Mohammed, Tahseen Mubarak, and Nadia Jassim. "Structural and Fluorescence Properties of TiO2/Ag Nanoparticles Bilayers." Diyala Journal For Pure Science 17, no. 3 (2021): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24237/djps.17.03.557c.

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The optical properties of the TiO2 / Ag hybrid nanoparticles were improved as the particles were prepared with a pulsed liquid laser ablation (PLAL) technology. The effect of number of pulses (450) on the structural and optical properties of nanoparticles prepared in distilled water (DW) as growth media was examined using a Q-Switched Nd-YAG laser with wavelength (1064 nm), ablation energy (530 mJ) and repetition rate (1Hz). The distance between the target and the lens (10 cm). Several were used for the diagnosis such as X-ray diffraction analysis, fourier infrared transformations, TEM assays
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Qona’ah, Ana, Iis Nurhasanah, and Ali Khumaeni. "Synthesis of Tin Oxide Nanoparticles by Pulsed Laser Ablation Method Using Low-Energy Nd: YAG Laser as an Antibacterial Agent." Journal of Nano Research 68 (June 29, 2021): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.68.114.

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Tin oxide nanoparticles (SnNPs) are very useful to be employed as an antibacterial agent for both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In this present work, the synthesis of SnNPs was successfully carried out using the neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm, pulse duration of 7 ns, and a laser frequency of 10 Hz. Experimentally, a pulse Nd:YAG laser was directed and focused on a high-purity tin (Sn) metal, immersed in various liquid media including pure water and ethylene glycol. A brownish colloidal colour was produced both in pure water and ethylen
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Hassoon, Oday A. H., Odai N. S. Salman, Vladislav N. Mironyuk, et al. "Production of photosensitive structures based on CdSe nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes by physical methods." Modern Electronic Materials 11, no. 1 (2025): 3–11. https://doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.11.1.133978.

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The paper shows the possibility of producing photosensitive structures using physical methods without the use of chemical synthesis and vacuum techniques. Suspensions of CdSe nanoparticles were produced by pulsed laser ablation in a liquid medium (chloroform), and layers of semiconductor material (CdSe) and conductive layers (carbon nanotubes) were formed at the gas-liquid interface and transferred to solid substrates by the Langmuir–Schaeffer method. The size of CdSe nanoparticles in the layers ranged from 60 nm to 200 nm, and the bandgap was 2.3 eV. Multilayer film structures consisting of a
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