Journal articles: 'Laser tag'

1

Choi, Charles Q. "Laser Tag." Scientific American 303, no. 5 (November 2010): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1110-30a.

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Ur Rehman, Shafiq, Ran Liu, Hua Zhang, Gaoli Liang, Yulu Fu, and Abdul Qayoom. "Localization of Moving Objects Based on RFID Tag Array and Laser Ranging Information." Electronics 8, no. 8 (August 10, 2019): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8080887.

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RFID (radio-frequency identification) technology is rapidly emerging for the localization of moving objects and humans. Due to the blockage of radio signals by the human body, the localization accuracy achieved with a single tag is not satisfactory. This paper proposes a method based on an RFID tag array and laser ranging information to address the localization of live moving objects such as humans or animals. We equipped a human with a tag array and calculated the phase-based radial velocity of every tag. The laser information was, first, clustered through the DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) algorithm and then laser-based radial velocity was calculated. This velocity was matched with phase-based radial velocity to get best matching clusters. A particle filter was used to localize the moving human by fusing the matching results of both velocities. Experiments were conducted by using a SCITOS G5 service robot. The results verified the feasibility of our approach and proved that our approach significantly increases localization accuracy by up to 25% compared to a single tag approach.

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Nugroho, Aji Brahma, Fitriana Fitriana, and Ahmad Sugianto. "DESAIN OTOMATISASI PINTU GERBANG FAKULTAS TEKNIK UMJ MENGGUNAKAN RFID ATAU PASWORD DENGAN SENSOR LASER DIODA." Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Komputasi (ELKOM) 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32528/elkom.v1i2.3094.

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Pada penelitian ini, telah dibuat Desain Otomatisasi Pintu Gerbang Fakultas Teknik UMJ menggunakan RFID atau Password dengan Sensor Laser Dioda. Frekuensi radio dimanfaatkan untuk membaca informasi dari RFID tag atau transponder (Transmitter Responder) yang disingkat menjadi ID tag yang akan membuka pintu gerbang, sedangkan sensor laser dioda disini sebagai pendeteksi mobil, jika kendaraan memutuskan cahaya sensor laser dioda maka pintu gerbang akan tertutup. alat ini cocok diaplikasikan untuk daerah Fakultas Teknik yang dimana didalamnya dibutuhkkan keamanan dan kenyamanan akses masuk kewilayah tersebut sehingga suasana dapat terjalin dengan tenang dan teratur.Analisis pengujian Dari hasil pengujian RFID, Password dan LCD pada rangkaian didapatkan hasil bahwa apabila Tag RFID didekatkan pada RFID Reader, sama hal dengan password. Tag RFID dan kode password tersebut adalah sesuai yang dimasukan ke dalam program mikrokontroller ATmega8535, maka mikrokontroller ATmega8535 akan memerintahkan Driver Motor untuk menggerakan motor DC untuk bergerak searah jarum jam atau dalam aplikasinya gerbang akan membuka. Apabila kendaraan telah melewati batas gerbang dan memutus sinar laser maka secara otomatis sensor akan mendapatkan nilai hight sehingga pintu gerbang akan menutup.

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Leducq, S., A. Maruani, N. Kluger, and M. Samimi. "« Laser tag purpura » : une nouvelle cause de purpura d’effort." Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie 145, no. 12 (December 2018): S248—S249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annder.2018.09.383.

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Fulcher, A., D. Cochran, R. Rosetta, R. Zondag, and Heping Zhu. "LASER TAG: INTELLIGENT SPRAYERS CHANGE THE PEST MANAGEMENT GAME©." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1055 (October 2014): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2014.1055.95.

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Leducq, Sophie, Annabel Maruani, Nicolas Kluger, and Mahtab Samimi. "“Laser tag purpura”: a new form of exercise-induced purpura." European Journal of Dermatology 30, no. 4 (August 2020): 418–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ejd.2020.3817.

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Silina, Yuliya E., Claudia Fink-Straube, Heiko Hayen, and Dietrich A. Volmer. "Analysis of fatty acids and triacylglycerides by Pd nanoparticle-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry." Analytical Methods 7, no. 9 (2015): 3701–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ay00705d.

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In this study, we propose a simple and rapid technique for characterization of free fatty acids and triacylglycerides (TAG) based on palladium nanoparticular (Pd-NP) surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) mass spectrometry (MS).

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Pannkuk, E. L., D. F. Gilmore, B. J. Savary, and T. S. Risch. "Triacylglyceride (TAG) profiles of integumentary lipids isolated from three bat species determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption–ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF MS)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 90, no. 9 (September 2012): 1117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z2012-078.

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Lipids secreted from sebaceous glands in bat integument may play a role in determining host pathogenicity by the fungus Geomyces destructans in white-nose syndrome (WNS). To investigate this, we have determined the triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles for three bat species: eastern red bats ( Lasiurus borealis (Müller, 1776)), evening bats ( Nycticeius humeralis (Rafinesque, 1818)), and big brown bats ( Eptesicus fuscus (Beauvois, 1796)). Neutral lipids extracted from the hair and wing tissue were fractionated by preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC) into four major lipid bands corresponding to cholesterol, free fatty acids (FFAs), TAGs, and sterol–wax esters. Densitometry showed higher proportions of TAGs in hair than from wing tissue. TAG bands were recovered and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption–ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF MS). Mass spectra showed sodiated TAG species with variable fatty acyl (FA) moieties range from m/z 715.6–911.8. High intensity ion peaks were consistent with 16:0 and 18:1 as dominant FA moieties, and these were identified as palmitic and oleic acids, respectively, by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. We determined significant differences in TAG profiles between three bat species by MALDI–TOF MS, providing the first description of integumentary lipids in bats. In this study, we performed the first TAG profiling of bats, which suggest such profiles may be species-specific in bats.

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Cha, Jung Hoon, Yong Jung Kim, Yong Cheon Cho, Hojun Lee, and Hak Yong Lee. "A Dual-Band Low-Power-Consumption Active RFID Tag Based on a Meander FPCB Antenna for Subway Vehicle Management." Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 21, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26866/jees.2021.21.1.71.

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A meander microstrip antenna was designed to operate in the UHF and microwave bands. Laser direct structuring (LDS) and the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) method were used to fabricate the antenna, and their results were compared. A dual-band low-power-consumption active radio frequency identification (RFID) tag based on the present antenna was developed and fabricated for an automated subway vehicle maintenance system. The recognition distance of the active tag is more than 20 m at 900 MHz and more than 170 m at 2.4 GHz, while the recognition rate is >95% at 900 MHz and 100% at 2.4 GHz. The 100% recognition rate was obtained when the RFID readers were placed in a line parallel to the subway track. Therefore, we have shown that our active RFID tag can be used in a subway vehicle management system.

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Morita, Takao, Kiyoshi Ishida, Katuhiko Ookubo, Katuyuki Tanaka, and Norio Daikuzono. "A Study on Hemostatic Vascular Management using Nd: TAG Laser Bipolar Dissector." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 13, Supplement (1992): 425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.13.supplement_425.

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Topolyan, Artyom P., Dina A. Strizhevskaya, Maria A. Belyaeva, Vladimir A. Brylev, Alexey V. Ustinov, Andrey A. Formanovsky, and Vladimir A. Korshun. "A triphenylcyclopropenylium mass tag: synthesis and application to ultrasensitive LC/MS analysis of amines." Analyst 141, no. 11 (2016): 3289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an02642c.

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Thiol adducts of triphenylcyclopropenylium undergo efficient heterolytic dissociation in electrospray (ESI) or laser desorption ionization (LDI) mass spectrometry giving rise to a prominent signal of an aromatic C₃Ph₃⁺ cation.

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Fu, Wenpeng, Ran Liu, Heng Wang, Rashid Ali, Yongping He, Zhiqiang Cao, and Zhenghong Qin. "A Method of Multiple Dynamic Objects Identification and Localization Based on Laser and RFID." Sensors 20, no. 14 (July 16, 2020): 3948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20143948.

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In an indoor environment, object identification and localization are paramount for human-object interaction. Visual or laser-based sensors can achieve the identification and localization of the object based on its appearance, but these approaches are computationally expensive and not robust against the environment with obstacles. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) has a unique tag ID to identify the object, but it cannot accurately locate it. Therefore, in this paper, the data of RFID and laser range finder are fused for the better identification and localization of multiple dynamic objects in an indoor environment. The main method is to use the laser range finder to estimate the radial velocities of objects in a certain environment, and match them with the object’s radial velocities estimated by the RFID phase. The method also uses a fixed time series as “sliding time window” to find the cluster with the highest similarity of each RFID tag in each window. Moreover, the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) is used in the update stage of the particle filter (PF) to estimate the moving path of each cluster in order to improve the accuracy in a complex environment with obstacles. The experiments were verified by a SCITOS G5 robot. The results show that this method can achieve an matching rate of 90.18% and a localization accuracy of 0.33m in an environment with the presence of obstacles. This method effectively improves the matching rate and localization accuracy of multiple objects in indoor scenes when compared to the Bray-Curtis (BC) similarity matching-based approach as well as the particle filter-based approach.

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Yang, Kaiming, Changrui Liao, Shen Liu, Jun He, Jia Wang, and Yiping Wang. "Optical Fiber Tag Based on an Encoded Fiber Bragg Grating Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser." Journal of Lightwave Technology 38, no. 6 (March 15, 2020): 1474–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2019.2956178.

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Romanovskii, Oleg A., Sergey A. Sadovnikov, Olga V. Kharchenko, and Semen V. Yakovlev. "Opo lidar sounding of trace atmospheric gases in the 3 – 4 μm spectral range." EPJ Web of Conferences 176 (2018): 05016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817605016.

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The applicability of a KTA crystal-based laser system with optical parametric oscillators (OPO) generation to lidar sounding of the atmosphere in the spectral range 3–4 μm is studied in this work. A technique developed for lidar sounding of trace atmospheric gases (TAG) is based on differential absorption lidar (DIAL) method and differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS). The DIAL-DOAS technique is tested to estimate its efficiency for lidar sounding of atmospheric trace gases. The numerical simulation performed shows that a KTA-based OPO laser is a promising source of radiation for remote DIAL-DOAS sounding of the TAGs under study along surface tropospheric paths. A possibility of using a PD38-03-PR photodiode for the DIAL gas analysis of the atmosphere is shown.

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Gathirwa, Jeremiah W., and Toshihide Maki. "Concise Synthesis of Photocleavable Molecular Tag for Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry via Fries Reaction." Synthetic Communications 43, no. 7 (January 7, 2013): 1016–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00397911.2011.619678.

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Yao, Min, Keisuke Komoda, Naofumi Sakurai, Jian Yu, Takaaki Fujiwara, Yoshikazu Tanaka, and Isao Tanaka. "Increasing the probability of successful crystallization by using symmetric tag." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314088408.

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Recent progress in the techniques of bio-macromolecular crystallography makes crystal structure analysis more powerful and useful for life science. The structure analysis of huge super-molecular (eukaryotic Ribosome, Vault etc.) and membrane proteins related to diseases were successful. Moreover, the structure/fragment drug design using crystal structure analysis method is also becoming reliable. However, crystallization still remains as a major bottleneck for determining bio-macromolecular structures, although many methods have been developed such as crystallization kits, crystallization robot, crystallizing in gel, space, and magnetic field, laser excitation, using antibody, modification of protein surface, and so forth. The current situation of crystallization is still dependent on the accidental method searching for a crystallization reagent and the growth environment since the methodology for obtaining a quality crystal for structure analysis is not established yet. Therefore, further development of more advanced crystallization methods is required to increase the probability of successful crystallization. In principal, probability of successful crystallization could be increased by polymerized molecules with 2 or 3-fold rotation symmetry [1]. We have solved more than 100 structures, and found some fragments which is isolated from core structure, and seem to contribute to form high quality crystal by forming a polymer with 2 or 3-fold axial symmetry. Thus, we developed a novel method by fussing target protein with crystallization tags named 2/3RS-tag. These 2/3RS-tags polymerize target proteins with 2 or 3-fold axial symmetry, and consequently accelerate formation of crystal. We will report and discuss this new method in this presentation.

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Pistevos, J. C. A., P. Reis-Santos, C. Izzo, and B. M. Gillanders. "Element composition of shark vertebrae shows promise as a natural tag." Marine and Freshwater Research 70, no. 12 (2019): 1722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18423.

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Reconstructing movements and environmental histories of sharks may be possible by using the element composition of vertebrae, but unlocking such possibilities requires an understanding of the effects of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on element composition. We assessed water temperature and pH effects (independently and in combination) on vertebral chemistry of Port Jackson sharks while accounting for intrinsic factors (condition and sex) using indoor aquaria and outdoor mesocosm environments, where the latter may better reflect natural field conditions. We analysed eight element:Ca ratios (7Li, 8B, 24Mg, 55Mn, 65Cu, 88Sr, 138Ba and 238U) by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and found positive temperature-dependant responses for multiple elements, including B:Ca, Mn:Ca, Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca (r2=0.43, 0.22, 0.60 and 0.35 respectively), whereas pH had a minor effect on vertebral Mg:Ca and Li:Ca (r2=0.10 and 0.31 respectively). As shown for teleost otoliths, condition affected element composition (Mn:Ca), suggesting potential physiological influences on element uptake. The suitability of vertebral chemistry as a natural tag appears to be element specific, and likely governed by a suite of potentially codependent extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Overall, variations in vertebrae chemistry show promise to reconstruct movements and habitat use of cartilaginous fishes. Yet, further research is required to understand the ubiquitous nature of the findings presented here.

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Zhang, Ying, Yuyang Zhu, Yi Lasanajak, David F. Smith, and Xuezheng Song. "O-Benzylhydroxylamine (BHA) as a Cleavable Tag for Isolation and Purification of Reducing Glycans." SLAS TECHNOLOGY: Translating Life Sciences Innovation 25, no. 4 (January 21, 2020): 388–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2472630319898150.

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Glycoscience has been recognized as an important area in biomedical research. Currently, a major obstacle for glycoscience study is the lack of diverse, biomedically relevant, and complex glycans in quantities sufficient for exploring their structural and functional aspects. Complementary to chemoenzymatic synthesis, natural glycans could serve as a great source of biomedically relevant glycans if they are available in sufficient quantities. We have recently developed oxidative release of natural glycans (ORNG) for large-scale release of N-glycans as free reducing glycans. While free reducing glycans can be readily derivatized with ultraviolet or fluorescent tags for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, it is difficult to remove tags for the regeneration of free reducing glycans without affecting the structural integrity of glycans. To address this inconvenience, we explored the use of a cleavable tag, O-benzylhydroxylamine (BHA). Free reducing glycans are easily and efficiently labeled with BHA under mild conditions, enabling UV detection during HPLC purification. Individual glycan–BHA conjugates can then be separated using multidimensional HPLC and characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and MS/MS. The BHA tag can then be easily removed by palladium-on-carbon (Pd/C)-catalyzed hydrogenation to efficiently regenerate free reducing glycans with little effect on glycan structures. This procedure provides a simple and straightforward way to tag free reducing glycans for purification at a preparative scale using multidimensional HPLC and subsequently recover purified free reducing glycans.

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Lorey, Martina, Belinda Adler, Hong Yan, Rabah Soliymani, Simon Ekström, Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma, Thomas Laurell, and Marc Baumann. "Mass-Tag Enhanced Immuno-Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Sensitive Detection of Intact Protein Antigens." Analytical Chemistry 87, no. 10 (April 30, 2015): 5255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00304.

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Keppler, Antje, and Jan Ellenberg. "Chromophore-Assisted Laser Inactivation of α- and γ-Tubulin SNAP-tag Fusion Proteins inside Living Cells." ACS Chemical Biology 4, no. 2 (February 3, 2009): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cb800298u.

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Geho, Mikio, Takenori Sekijima, and Takashi Fujii. "Growth of terbium aluminum garnet (Tb3Al5O12; TAG) single crystals by the hybrid laser floating zone machine." Journal of Crystal Growth 267, no. 1-2 (June 2004): 188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.03.068.

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Geho, Mikio, Takenori Sekijima, and Takashi Fujii. "Growth mechanism of incongruently melting terbium aluminum garnet (Tb3Al5O12; TAG) single crystals by laser FZ method." Journal of Crystal Growth 275, no. 1-2 (February 2005): e663-e667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.11.048.

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Pleyer, Uwe. "Tyndallometrie der Augenvorderkammer nach verschiedenen Anti-VEGF-Injektionen." Kompass Ophthalmologie 2, no. 2 (2016): 66–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000447986.

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Zielsetzung: Beurteilung der inflammatorischen Reaktion auf intravitreal appliziertes Aflibercept (IVA) oder Ranibizumab (IVR) bei Patienten mit altersbedingter Makuladegeneration (AMD). Methoden: Insgesamt 60 Augen von 60 Patienten mit neovaskulärer AMD und 30 Augen von 30 nach dem Lebensalter gepaarten gesunden Personen als Kontrollgruppe wurden in diese prospektive, vergleichende Beobachtungsstudie eingeschlossen. Die AMD-Patienten wurden im Verhältnis 1:1 mit IVA oder IVR behandelt. Der Tyndall-Effekt in der Vorderkammer wurde an Tag 0, 1 und 30 mit dem Laser-Flare-Meter Kowa FM-600 gemessen (Kowa Company, Ltd., Tokio, Japan). Der mittlere Flare-Wert mit Standardabweichung wurde als Photonenzahl pro Millisekunde erfasst. Ergebnisse: An der Studie nahmen 51 (56,7%) Männer und 39 (43,3%) Frauen teil; das mittlere Lebensalter betrug 72,7 ± 7,5 Jahre. Die mittleren Flare-Werte des Kammerwassers zu Studienbeginn, an Tag 1 und an Tag 30 betrugen in der IVR-Gruppe 7,08 ± 2,44, 7,23 ± 2,56 und 6,99 ± 2,29, in der IVA-Gruppe 6,87 ± 3,18, 6,86 ± 3,19 und 6,53 ± 2,79 und in der Kontrollgruppe 6,4 ± 3,29, 6,41 ± 3,06 und 6,42 ± 3,05. Bei den Flare-Werten zu Studienbeginn bestanden keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den drei Gruppen (p = 0,666). Bei der Untersuchung an Tag 1 zeigte sich eine leichte, jedoch nicht signifikante Zunahme des Flare in der Ranibizumab-Gruppe. Ein signifikanter Unterschied bei den Flare-Werten bestand weder innerhalb der mit Ranibizumab oder der mit Aflibercept behandelten Gruppe (p = 0,768 bzw. p = 0,387) noch zwischen den Gruppen (p = 0,635). Weder vor noch nach den intravitrealen Injektionen mit Ranibizumab bzw. Aflibercept waren signifikante klinische entzündliche Reaktionen festzustellen. Schlussfolgerung: Die mit Aflibercept oder Ranibizumab behandelten Augen mit neovaskulärer AMD zeigten kurzfristig keine signifikante intraokulare Inflammation. Aflibercept besitzt zwar im Vergleich zu Ranibizumab ausgeprägtere immunogene Merkmale, z.B. einen zusätzlichen Fc-Anteil, und ist ein größeres Molekül, verhindert aber wahrscheinlich durch seine stärkere antiinflammatorische Wirkung die Induktion entzündlicher Reaktionen. Übersetzung aus Ophthalmic Res 2016;56:35-40 (DOI:10.1159/000444497) © 2016 S. Karger GmbH, Freiburg

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Bratko, Artem, Viktor Hashchuk, Taras Suslov, Roman Misheniuk, Vitalii Zhuravel, and Vitalii Havryliuk. "Assessing the Effectiveness of Tactical Skills Level when Using a Laser Tag Type Two-Way Skirmish Simulator." BRAIN. BROAD RESEARCH IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 11, no. 1 (March 17, 2020): 189–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/brain/11.1/23.

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Dos Santos, A., M. Court, V. Thiers, S. Sar, C. Guettier, D. Samuel, C. Brechot, J. Garin, F. Demaugre, and C. Masselon. "866 IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL CELLULAR TARGETS IN HUMAN INTRAHEPATIC CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA USING LASER MICRODISSECTION AND AMT-TAG PROTEOMICS." Journal of Hepatology 52 (April 2010): S337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8278(10)60867-7.

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Markushin, Yuri, Poopalasingam Sivakumar, Denise Connolly, and Noureddine Melikechi. "Tag-femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for the sensitive detection of cancer antigen 125 in blood plasma." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 407, no. 7 (January 11, 2015): 1849–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-014-8433-0.

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Kasai, Yoshitaka, Yutaka Hiroi, Kenzaburo Miyawaki, and Akinori Ito. "Development of a Mobile Robot That Plays Tag with Touch-and-Away Behavior Using a Laser Range Finder." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 17, 2021): 7522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167522.

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The development of robots that play with humans is a challenging topic for robotics. We are developing a robot that plays tag with human players. To realize such a robot, it needs to observe the players and obstacles around it, chase a target player, and touch the player without collision. To achieve this task, we propose two methods. The first one is the player tracking method, by which the robot moves towards a virtual circle surrounding the target player. We used a laser range finder (LRF) as a sensor for player tracking. The second one is a motion control method after approaching the player. Here, the robot moves away from the player by moving towards the opposite side to the player. We conducted a simulation experiment and an experiment using a real robot. Both experiments proved that with the proposed tracking method, the robot properly chased the player and moved away from the player without collision. The contribution of this paper is the development of a robot control method to approach a human and then move away safely.

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Dos Santos, Alexandre, Magali Court, Valérie Thiers, Sokhavuth Sar, Catherine Guettier, Didier Samuel, Christian Bréchot, Jérôme Garin, France Demaugre, and Christophe D. Masselon. "Identification of Cellular Targets in Human Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Using Laser Microdissection and Accurate Mass and Time Tag Proteomics." Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 9, no. 9 (May 31, 2010): 1991–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.m110.000026.

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Gathirwa, Jeremiah W., and Toshihide Maki. "ChemInform Abstract: Concise Synthesis of Photocleavable Molecular Tag (I) for Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry via Fries Reaction." ChemInform 44, no. 29 (July 1, 2013): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201329111.

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Strasser, C. A., S. R. Thorrold, V. R. Starczak, and L. S. Mullineaux. "Laser ablation ICP-MS analysis of larval shell in softshell clams (Mya arenaria) poses challenges for natural tag studies." Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 5, no. 9 (September 2007): 241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lom.2007.5.241.

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Tatsuta, Yukina, Yukie Tanaka, Akari Ikeda, Shigeru Matsukawa, Hajime Katano, and Shu Taira. "Nanoparticle-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (Nano-PALDI MS) with Py-Tag for the Analysis of Small Molecules." Mass Spectrometry 6, no. 3 (2017): S0069. http://dx.doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.s0069.

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Griesser, Eva, Hannah Wyatt, Sara Ten Have, Birgit Stierstorfer, Martin Lenter, and Angus I. Lamond. "Quantitative Profiling of the Human Substantia Nigra Proteome from Laser-capture Microdissected FFPE Tissue." Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 19, no. 5 (March 4, 2020): 839–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.ra119.001889.

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Laser-capture microdissection (LCM) allows the visualization and isolation of morphologically distinct subpopulations of cells from heterogeneous tissue specimens. In combination with formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue it provides a powerful tool for retrospective and clinically relevant studies of tissue proteins in a healthy and diseased context. We first optimized the protocol for efficient LCM analysis of FFPE tissue specimens. The use of SDS containing extraction buffer in combination with the single-pot solid-phase-enhanced sample preparation (SP3) digest method gave the best results regarding protein yield and protein/peptide identifications. Microdissected FFPE human substantia nigra tissue samples (∼3,000 cells) were then analyzed, using tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling and LC-MS/MS, resulting in the quantification of >5,600 protein groups. Nigral proteins were classified and analyzed by abundance, showing an enrichment of extracellular exosome and neuron-specific gene ontology (GO) terms among the higher abundance proteins. Comparison of microdissected samples with intact tissue sections, using a label-free shotgun approach, revealed an enrichment of neuronal cell type markers, such as tyrosine hydroxylase and alpha-synuclein, as well as proteins annotated with neuron-specific GO terms. Overall, this study provides a detailed protocol for laser-capture proteomics using FFPE tissue and demonstrates the efficiency of LCM analysis of distinct cell subpopulations for proteomic analysis using low sample amounts.

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Stretton, Serina, Somkiet Techkarnjanaruk, Alan M. McLennan, and Amanda E. Goodman. "Use of Green Fluorescent Protein To Tag and Investigate Gene Expression in Marine Bacteria." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 7 (July 1, 1998): 2554–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.7.2554-2559.1998.

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ABSTRACT Two broad-host-range vectors previously constructed for use in soil bacteria (A. G. Matthysse, S. Stretton, C. Dandie, N. C. McClure, and A. E. Goodman, FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 145:87–94, 1996) were assessed by epifluorescence microscopy for use in tagging three marine bacterial species. Expression of gfp could be visualized in Vibrio sp. strain S141 cells at uniform levels of intensity from either the lac or thenpt-2 promoter, whereas expression of gfp could be visualized in Psychrobacter sp. strain SW5H cells at various levels of intensity only from the npt-2 promoter. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) fluorescence was not detected in the third species, Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain S91, when thegfp gene was expressed from either promoter. A new mini-Tn10-kan-gfp transposon was constructed to investigate further the possibilities of fluorescence tagging of marine bacteria. Insertion of mini-Tn10-kan-gfp generated random stable mutants at high frequencies with all three marine species. With this transposon, strongly and weakly expressed S91 promoters were isolated. Visualization of GFP by epifluorescence microscopy was markedly reduced when S91 (mini-Tn10-kan-gfp) cells were grown in rich medium compared to that when cells were grown in minimal medium. Mini-Tn10-kan-gfp was used to create an S91 chitinase-negative, GFP-positive mutant. Expression of the chi-gfp fusion was induced in cells exposed toN′-acetylglucosamine or attached to chitin particles. By laser scanning confocal microscopy, biofilms consisting of microcolonies of chi-negative, GFP+ S91 cells were found to be localized several microns from a natural chitin substratum. Tagging bacterial strains with GFP enables visualization of, as well as monitoring of gene expression in, living single cells in situ and in real time.

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Jerlström-Hultqvist, Jon, Elin Einarsson, and Staffan G. Svärd. "Stable Transfection of the Diplomonad Parasite Spironucleus salmonicida." Eukaryotic Cell 11, no. 11 (September 14, 2012): 1353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00179-12.

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ABSTRACT Eukaryotic microbes are highly diverse, and many lineages remain poorly studied. One such lineage, the diplomonads, a group of binucleate heterotrophic flagellates, has been studied mainly due to the impact of Giardia intestinalis , an intestinal, diarrhea-causing parasite in humans and animals. Here we describe the development of a stable transfection system for use in Spironucleus salmonicida , a diplomonad that causes systemic spironucleosis in salmonid fish. We designed vectors in cassette format carrying epitope tags for localization (3×HA [where HA is hemagglutinin], 2× Escherichia coli OmpF linker and mouse langerin fusion sequence [2×OLLAS], 3×MYC) and purification of proteins (2× Strep-Tag II–FLAG tandem-affinity purification tag or streptavidin binding peptide–glutathione S -transferase [SBP-GST]) under the control of native or constitutive promoters. Three selectable gene markers, puromycin acetyltransferase ( pac ), blasticidin S -deaminase ( bsr ), and neomycin phosphotransferase ( nptII ), were successfully applied for the generation of stable transfectants. Site-specific integration on the S. salmonicida chromosome was shown to be possible using the bsr resistance gene. We epitope tagged six proteins and confirmed their expression by Western blotting. Next, we demonstrated the utility of these vectors by recording the subcellular localizations of the six proteins by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Finally, we described the creation of an S. salmonicida double transfectant suitable for colocalization studies. The transfection system described herein and the imminent completion of the S. salmonicida genome will make it possible to use comparative genomics as an investigative tool to explore specific, as well as general, diplomonad traits, benefiting research on both Giardia and Spironucleu s.

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Wu, Haifeng, Spero Cataland, Michael Bissell, and Ming Jin. "A Rapid Test for the Diagnosis of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Using SELDI-TOF-Mass Spectrometry." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 2660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.2660.2660.

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Abstract Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP), a life-threatening microangiopathic thrombotic disorder, requires immediate diagnosis and plasma exchange therapy. Development of TTP is related to functional deficiency of a metalloprotease, ADAMTS13, that leads to accumulation of ultra large von Willebrand factor (vWF) and subsequent platelet thrombosis. Currently no clinical test is available for a rapid detection of functional ADAMTS13 activity. In this study, a recombinant vWF peptide containing the ADAMTS13 cleavage site and a 6 X Histidine tag was used as a substrate for ADAMTS13. ADAMTS13 cleaved the substrate in a dose-dependent manner, generating a ~7739 Dalton peptide containing a 6 X Histidine tag. This cleaved peptide, bound to an IMAC/Nickel ProteinChip, was quantified using Surface Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS). The assay is capable of quantifying ADAMTS13 activity as low as 2.5 % in plasma within 3–4 hours. When the cleaved peptide was quantified as a ratio of an internal control peptide, the test displayed excellent reproducibility, with an average inter-assay CV of < 33 %. Further validation of the test in healthy donors (n=39) revealed normal ADAMTS13 activity with a mean of 92.5% + 16.6. Sixteen patients with idiopathic TTP displayed mean ADAMTS13 activity of 1.73% + 3.62 at presentation, prior to any therapy. Further utility of this novel method includes functional determination of ADAMTS13 antibody titers in cases of acquired TTP. In summary, we have devised a novel SELDI-TOF-MS assay that offers a rapid, cost-effective, and functionally relevant test for timely diagnosis and management of TTP patients.

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Saito, Katsuharu, Ryo Ohtomo, Yukari Kuga-Uetake, Toshihiro Aono, and Masanori Saito. "Direct Labeling of Polyphosphate at the Ultrastructural Level in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Using the Affinity of the Polyphosphate Binding Domain of Escherichia coli Exopolyphosphatase." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 10 (October 2005): 5692–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.10.5692-5701.2005.

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ABSTRACT Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a linear polymer of orthophosphate and has many biological functions in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. To investigate polyP localization, we developed a novel technique using the affinity of the recombinant polyphosphate binding domain (PPBD) of Escherichia coli exopolyphosphatase to polyP. An epitope-tagged PPBD was expressed and purified from E. coli. Equilibrium binding assay of PPBD revealed its high affinity for long-chain polyP and its weak affinity for short-chain polyP and nucleic acids. To directly demonstrate polyP localization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae on resin sections prepared by rapid freezing and freeze-substitution, specimens were labeled with PPBD containing an epitope tag and then the epitope tag was detected by an indirect immunocytochemical method. A goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin G antibody conjugated with Alexa 488 for laser confocal microscopy or with colloidal gold for transmission electron microscopy was used. When the S. cerevisiae was cultured in yeast extract-peptone-dextrose medium (10 mM phosphate) for 10 h, polyP was distributed in a dispersed fashion in vacuoles in successfully cryofixed cells. A few polyP signals of the labeling were sometimes observed in cytosol around vacuoles with electron microscopy. Under our experimental conditions, polyP granules were not observed. Therefore, it remains unclear whether the method can detect the granule form. The method directly demonstrated the localization of polyP at the electron microscopic level for the first time and enabled the visualization of polyP localization with much higher specificity and resolution than with other conventional methods.

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Bastola, Pradeep, and BH Dick. "An experience of femtosecond laser assisted cataract surgery in advanced brown cataracts in a tertiary Eye Center of Europe." Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 2 (October 17, 2013): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v2i2.8953.

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Background: To assess the results of femtosecond laser use in harder brown cataracts and share the first time experience. Methods: Thirty eyes of thirty patients were included in this hospital based cross sectional descriptive study. The study was carried out from April, 2012 to July, 2012 in University of Bochum, Vision research center, Germany. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon (Burkhard Dick) using the Catalys femtosecond cataract laser (Optimedica; Santa Clara, California) and a standardized “stop and chop” phaco technique with the Stellaris (Bausch + Lomb; Rochester, New York) phaco machine in venturi fluidics mode. Relevant data was entered in a proforma designed for the study and interpreted. Results: In the study, 19 (63.3%) of the patients were females followed by males. The mean age of the patients was 74.83 years (Std. deviation 6.56). According to lenticular opacification classification system III (LOCS III); mean nuclear sclerosis was 3.9 (Std. deviation 0.80), mean absolute phaco time (APT) was 0.19 seconds (Std. deviation 0.24 seconds) mean effective phaco time (EPT) was 0.02 seconds (Std. deviation 0.04) and mean phaco power (MPP) used was 9.26% (Std. deviation 8.24). Amongst complications; remnant of anterior capsular tag and posterior capsular rupture (PCR) was noted in two patients respectively. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that, with further innovation and optimization of technique and instruments femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery will become phacoless (“aphaco”) for most cataracts, whereas dense cataracts may still require the “pauci-phaco” (reduced phaco energy) technique. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences | Volume 02 | Number 02 | July-December 2013 | Page 114-118 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v2i2.8953

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Wang, Zi Teng, Nico Ullrich, Sunjoo Joo, Sabine Waffenschmidt, and Ursula Goodenough. "Algal Lipid Bodies: Stress Induction, Purification, and Biochemical Characterization in Wild-Type and Starchless Chlamydomonas reinhardtii." Eukaryotic Cell 8, no. 12 (October 30, 2009): 1856–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00272-09.

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ABSTRACT When the unicellular green soil alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is deprived of nitrogen after entering stationary phase in liquid culture, the cells produce abundant cytoplasmic lipid bodies (LBs), as well as abundant starch, via a pathway that accompanies a regulated autophagy program. After 48 h of N starvation in the presence of acetate, the wild-type LB content has increased 15-fold. When starch biosynthesis is blocked in the sta6 mutant, the LB content increases 30-fold, demonstrating that genetic manipulation can enhance LB production. The use of cell wall-less strains permitted development of a rapid “popped-cell” microscopic assay to quantitate the LB content per cell and permitted gentle cell breakage and LB isolation. The highly purified LBs contain 90% triacylglycerol (TAG) and 10% free fatty acids (FFA). The fatty acids associated with the TAGs are ∼50% saturated (C16 and C18) fatty acids and ∼50% unsaturated fatty acids, half of which are in the form of oleic acid (C18:1). The FFA are ∼50% C16 and ∼50% C18. The LB-derived TAG yield from a liter of sta6 cells at 107 cells/ml after starvation for 48 h is calculated to approach 400 mg. The LB fraction also contains low levels of charged glycerolipids, with the same profile as whole-cell charged glycerolipids, that presumably form LB membranes; chloroplast-specific neutral glycerolipids (galactolipids) are absent. Very low levels of protein are also present, but all matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-identified species are apparent contaminants. Nitrogen stress-induced LB production in C. reinhardtii has the hallmarks of a discrete pathway that should be amenable to additional genetic and culture condition manipulation.

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Tremblay, Arianne, Shuxian Li, Brian E. Scheffler, and Benjamin F. Matthews. "Laser capture microdissection and expressed sequence tag analysis of uredinia formed by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causal agent of Asian soybean rust." Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 73, no. 6 (December 2008): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2009.06.001.

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Xu, Jian Guo, Jun Dong, Hao Zhang, Yu Jie Pei, and Xian Feng Li. "66 kV SVC Light Control Water-Cooled Valve Protection and Application." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 825–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.825.

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Improve power quality problems, the company introduced the "tag through 66kV Static dynamic reactive power compensation device (SVC)", which means water cooling valve parts, using the international advanced technology and light control thyristor, the real control cabinet and valve all-fiber connections between groups, no valve trigger circuit boards, etc., to ensure safe and reliable high-pressure environment. Light control while protecting 66kV more stable water-cooled manifold, also designed the various protection functions. Reactive power compensation device based on electrical design principle, the protection of the valve design principles, summarized the valve characteristic is a light-controlled thyristor trigger and pulse trigger laser fiber distribution device as one of the valve, the valve overcurrent analysis protection, undervoltage protection, return status display, RC protection, BOD protection, protection and cooling system valve structural protection, light control demonstrates the necessity of 66kV water cooling valve protection; through the reactive power compensation and benefits case situation the comparative analysis to verify the correctness of the application of SVC devices.

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Drazba, J. A. "The Confocal Microscope: How to Choose it and Use it." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 900–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600024624.

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The decision to buy a confocal microscope presents the huge task of wading through designs and options from a number of excellent companies. While the principle of confocal imaging - rejection of out-of-focus light - is consistently achieved, each manufacturer does so with a unique design. There is strong competition among manufacturers to have the microscope with the best possible resolution and light transfer efficiency so that maximum specimen detail is detected with the least light damage. There are a number of excellent instruments currently available. In deciding among them consideration should be given to the following: type and number of users, types of imaging required, and your budget. If the microscope is going to be used by a single lab for a single purpose i.e. gfp expression in embryos, you should consider one of the less elaborate “personal confocals” with one laser, one or two detectors and a price tag under $150,000.

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Chane, Andrea, Corinne Barbey, Magalie Robert, Annabelle Merieau, Yoan Konto-Ghiorghi, Amélie Beury-Cirou, Marc Feuilloley, Miroslav Pátek, Virginie Gobert, and Xavier Latour. "Biocontrol of Soft Rot: Confocal Microscopy Highlights Virulent Pectobacterial Communication and Its Jamming by Rhodococcal Quorum-Quenching." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 32, no. 7 (July 2019): 802–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-11-18-0314-r.

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Confocal laser-scanning microscopy was chosen to observe the colonization and damage caused by the soft rot Pectobacterium atrosepticum and the protection mediated by the biocontrol agent Rhodococcus erythropolis. We developed dual-color reporter strains suited for monitoring quorum-sensing and quorum-quenching activities leading to maceration or biocontrol, respectively. A constitutively expressed cyan or red fluorescent protein served as a cell tag for plant colonization, while an inducible expression reporter system based on the green fluorescent protein gene enabled the simultaneous recording of signaling molecule production, detection, or degradation. The dual-colored pathogen and biocontrol strains were used to coinoculate potato tubers. At cellular quorum, images revealed a strong pectobacterial quorum-sensing activity, especially at the plant cell walls, as well as a concomitant rhodococcal quorum-quenching response, at both the single-cell and microcolony levels. The generated biosensors appear to be promising and complementary tools useful for molecular and cellular studies of bacterial communication and interference.

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Zabolotnyi, Serhii, Andrii Plekhanov, Yurii Moisienko, Andrii Biliavets, Mykhailo Medvid, and Petro Horpynych. "Special tactical training of future border guard officers in higher education institutions." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, Extra-E (July 27, 2021): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020217extra-e1183p.245-253.

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The purpose of the article is to reveal the particularities of special tactical training of future officers of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine in the departmental institutions of higher education. The Special Tactical Training is understood as training of the officers of the State Border Service of Ukraine to act with weapons in various situations of operational and service activity. The discipline allows to perform comprehensive assessment of cadets’ readiness to carry out service duties for the protection of the state border, including the specifics of mobile units’ missions. To create real-life conditions, airsoft equipment and interactive shooting complexes of the "Laser Tag" type, multimedia shooting complexes, etc. are widely used. The results of the study confirm that the conditions for conducting such training in the border guard higher education institutions should be brought closer to the real situations, taking into account the specifics of operational and service activity at the border.

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Bourigault, Yvann, Andrea Chane, Corinne Barbey, Sylwia Jafra, Robert Czajkowski, and Xavier Latour. "Biosensors Used for Epifluorescence and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopies to Study Dickeya and Pectobacterium Virulence and Biocontrol." Microorganisms 9, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020295.

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Promoter-probe vectors carrying fluorescent protein-reporter genes are powerful tools used to study microbial ecology, epidemiology, and etiology. In addition, they provide direct visual evidence of molecular interactions related to cell physiology and metabolism. Knowledge and advances carried out thanks to the construction of soft-rot Pectobacteriaceae biosensors, often inoculated in potato Solanum tuberosum, are discussed in this review. Under epifluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopies, Dickeya and Pectobacterium-tagged strains managed to monitor in situ bacterial viability, microcolony and biofilm formation, and colonization of infected plant organs, as well as disease symptoms, such as cell-wall lysis and their suppression by biocontrol antagonists. The use of dual-colored reporters encoding the first fluorophore expressed from a constitutive promoter as a cell tag, while a second was used as a regulator-based reporter system, was also used to simultaneously visualize bacterial spread and activity. This revealed the chronology of events leading to tuber maceration and quorum-sensing communication, in addition to the disruption of the latter by biocontrol agents. The promising potential of these fluorescent biosensors should make it possible to apprehend other activities, such as subcellular localization of key proteins involved in bacterial virulence in planta, in the near future.

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Leão, Beatriz C. S., Nathália A. S. Rocha-Frigoni, Ériklis Nogueira, Elaine C. Cabral, Christina R. Ferreira, Marcos N. Eberlin, Mônica F. Accorsi, Thiago V. Neves, and Gisele Z. Mingoti. "Membrane lipid profile of in vitro-produced embryos is affected by vitrification but not by long-term dietary supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids for oocyte donor beef heifers." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 29, no. 6 (2017): 1217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd15414.

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Dietary rumen-protected polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) rich in linoleic acid (LA) may affect embryo yield, and LA can modulate the molecular mechanisms of lipid uptake in bovine blastocysts produced in vitro. In embryos, membrane lipids, such as phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and sphingomyelins (SMs), affect cryopreservation success. The aim of the present study was to evaluate embryonic developmental rates after the IVF of oocytes retrieved from Nellore heifers fed for approximately 90 days with rumen-protected PUFAs rich in LA. In addition, we evaluated embryo cryotolerance and the membrane structure lipid composition using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry of fresh and vitrified embryos. Embryo development to the blastocyst stage (mean 43.2%) and embryo survival after vitrification and warming (mean 79.3%) were unaffected by diet. The relative abundance of one lipid species (PC ether (PCe; 38:2, which means that this lipid has 38 carbon atoms and 2 double bonds in the fatty acyl residues) was increased after PUFAs supplementation. However, 10 ions were affected by cryopreservation; ions consistent with PC 32:0, PC 34:1, SM 24:1, PC 40:6 or PC 42:9, PC plasmalogen (PCp) 44:10 or PC 42:7, triacylglycerol (TAG) 54:9 and a not assigned ion (m/z 833.2) were lower in blastocysts that survived to the cryopreservation process compared with fresh blastocysts, whereas the abundance of the ions PC 36:3 or PC 34:0, PCe 38:2 or PC 36:6 and PC 36:5 or PCe 38:1 were increased after cryopreservation. Thus, the results demonstrate that the mass spectrometry profiles of PC, SM and TAG species differ significantly in bovine blastocysts upon cryopreservation. Because the lipid ion abundances of fresh and vitrified–warmed embryos were distinct, they can be used as potential markers of post-cryopreservation embryonic survival.

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Cole, Laura M., Khaled Mahmoud, Sarah Haywood-Small, Gillian M. Tozer, David P. Smith, and Malcolm R. Clench. "Recombinant " IMS TAG" proteins - A new method for validating bottom-up matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation ion mobility separation mass spectrometry imaging." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 27, no. 21 (October 1, 2013): 2355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.6693.

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Herrmann, Christine, Elaheh Golkaramnay, Elisabeth Inman, Leonard Rome, and Walter Volknandt. "Recombinant Major Vault Protein Is Targeted to Neuritic Tips of PC12 Cells." Journal of Cell Biology 144, no. 6 (March 22, 1999): 1163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.144.6.1163.

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The major vault protein (MVP) is the predominant constituent of ubiquitous, evolutionarily conserved large cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein particles of unknown function. Vaults are multimeric protein complexes with several copies of an untranslated RNA. Double labeling employing laser-assisted confocal microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence demonstrates partial colocalization of vaults with cytoskeletal elements in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and nerve growth factor (NGF)-treated neuronlike PC12 cells. Transfection of CHO and PC12 cells with a cDNA encoding the rat major vault protein containing a vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein epitope tag demonstrates that the recombinant protein is sorted into vault particles and targeted like endogenous MVPs. In neuritic extensions of differentiated PC12 cells, there is an almost complete overlap of the distribution of microtubules and vaults. A pronounced colocalization of vaults with filamentous actin can be seen in the tips of neurites. Moreover, in NGF-treated PC12 cells the location of vaults partially coincides with vesicular markers. Within the terminal tips of neurites vaults are located near secretory organelles. Our observations suggest that the vault particles are transported along cytoskeletal-based cellular tracks.

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Wolff, Brian A., Brett M. Johnson, and Chad M. Landress. "Classification of hatchery and wild fish using natural geochemical signatures in otoliths, fin rays, and scales of an endangered catostomid." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 70, no. 12 (December 2013): 1775–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0116.

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Endangered and endemic June sucker (JS, Chasmistes liorus) have been stocked for many years to prevent extinction in Utah Lake, Utah. When unmarked fish appeared in the lake at higher rates than expected from tag loss, we sought to determine if 87Sr/86Sr and Sr/Ca (signatures) in otoliths, fin rays, and scales could be used to identify whether stocking had created a naturally reproducing population. Signatures from otoliths and fin rays suggested that approximately 38% (12 of 31) of unmarked JS probably came from the Fisheries Experimental Station (FES) hatchery in Logan, Utah, and a minimum of 13% (four of 31) of unmarked JS had signatures that strongly indicated that they were of wild origin. The remaining JS (15 of 31) could not be assigned to any particular location because of signature overlap. While scales were not useful for determining fish provenance, we found a nearly 1:1 relationship between pelvic fin and otolith 87Sr/86Sr. Thus, fin sections appear to provide a nonlethal structure for laser ablation microchemical analysis to determine origins of unknown origin JS in the future.

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Moroni, M., and A. Cenedese. "Penetrative convection in stratified fluids: velocity and temperature measurements." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 13, no. 3 (August 7, 2006): 353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-13-353-2006.

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Abstract. The flux through the interface between a mixing layer and a stable layer plays a fundamental role in characterizing and forecasting the quality of water in stratified lakes and in the oceans, and the quality of air in the atmosphere. The evolution of the mixing layer in a stably stratified fluid body is simulated in the laboratory when "Penetrative Convection" occurs. The laboratory model consists of a tank filled with water and subjected to heating from below. The methods employed to detect the mixing layer growth were thermocouples for temperature data and two image analysis techniques, namely Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) and Feature Tracking (FT). LIF allows the mixing layer evolution to be visualized. Feature Tracking is used to detect tracer particle trajectories moving within the measurement volume. Pollutant dispersion phenomena are naturally described in the Lagrangian approach as the pollutant acts as a tag of the fluid particles. The transilient matrix represents one of the possible tools available for quantifying particle dispersion during the evolution of the phenomenon.

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Gonçalves, R. F., C. R. Ferreira, C. M. B. Orlandi, V. C. Sartori, H. N. Ferreira, F. C. Gozzo, S. A. Saraiva, E. J. Pilau, and M. N. Eberlin. "111 SINGLE EQUINE EMBRYO LIPID FINGERPRINTING BY MASS SPECTROMETRY." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23, no. 1 (2011): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv23n1ab111.

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) allows the lipid profile study of individual mammal embryos. The data collection is rapid, highly sensitive, can tolerate some level of impurities, and is easy to interpret. The aim of this study was to report the lipid profile obtained from a single equine embryo by MALDI-MS. Follicles ≥30 mm in diameter were monitored daily until ovulation (Day 0). The insemination was performed close to ovulation with fresh diluted semen, and the embryo recovery was performed on Day 9 (D9) post ovulation. The equine embryo was placed in 50/50 (v/v) methanol/phosphate buffer solution and transported at 4°C to the laboratory. MALDI-MS spectra were acquired in the positive ion mode using MALDI Synapt HDMS mass spectrometer (Waters, Manchester, UK) m/z 700–950 range. The sample was coated with a 1.2 μL matrix of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) 1.0 mL L–1 in methanol. Due to the equine embryo volume, it was possible to divide it and get two mass spectra, which were identical. Spectra processing was performed using the MassLynx 4.0 software (Waters, Manchester, UK). It was observed the presence protonated and sodiated species of sphingomyelins (SM), phosphatidylcholines (PC), and triacylglycerols (TAG). The most intense ions assigned by comparison with data obtained from bovine embryos were m/z 723.5 [PC (34:1) and loss of N(CH3)3]+, 725.5. [SM (16:0) + Na]+, 754.6 [PC (32:1) + Na]+, 778.6 [PC (36:1) + Na]+, 780.6 [PC (34:2) + Na]+ or [PC (36:5) + H]+, 782.6 [PC (36:4) + H]+ or [PC (34:1) + Na]+, 788.6 [PC (36:1) + H]+, 806.6 [PC (38:6) + H]+ or [PC (36:3) + Na]+, 808.6 [PC (38:5) + H]+ or [PC (36:2) + Na]+, 810.6 [PC (38:4) + H]+ or [PC (36:1) + Na]+, 907.7 [TAG (54:3) + Na]+ and 909.7 [TAG (54:2) + Na] +. Regarding the lipid profile by MALDI-TOF previously reported for oocytes and embryos of several species (Ferreira et al. 2010, J. Lipid Res., 51, 1218–1227), it detected similar lipid species, but with different relative intensities. Because of the single equine embryo volume and MALDI-MS technique sensitivity, we intend to observe if there will be differences between the lipid profile of the inner cell mass and trophoblast in the future. The analysis of a greater number of embryos as well as different development periods and MS/MS experiments will contribute to building a database of lipid profiles that allows a better understanding of the lipid profile physiology in equine embryos and the meaning of differences among other mammalian embryos. FAPESP (São Paulo Research Foundation).

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Journal articles on the topic 'Laser tag'

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