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Journal articles on the topic 'Lasers stabilisés'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Kaur, Maj Summerdeep, Lt Col Sonali Sharma, and Maj Pankaj Awasthi. "CLINICAL EVALUATION OF EFFECTS OF LOW-LEVEL LASERS ON PAIN DURING CAVITY PREPARATION." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 10 (October 31, 2018): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i10.2018.1164.

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Aim: To study the effects of low level laser on pain during cavity preparation. Background: Laser irradiation stabilizes the nerve membrane through an increase in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and enhanced redox system of the cell. Dental pulp is innervated by non- myelinated C fibres. Laser irradiation reduces the conduction of Ad and C fibres (small diameter fibres), both of which transmit nociceptive pain. The stabilization of the nerve membrane increases neural latency and decreases pain transmission. This study explores whether pre-irradiation with laser reduces pain perception during cavity preparation. Methodology: A clinical study was done on 50 patients reporting to Army Dental Centre(R&R) having moderate and deep size carious lesions on first/second premolar’s bilaterally. The patients selected was apprehensive. On one side, low level lasers irradiation was done prior cavity preparation (Test). On the other contralateral tooth type cavity preparation was done without local anesthesia (Control). The patients pain threshold was noted for both control and test groups using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The data was computed and statiscally analyzed. Results: The patients exhibited reduce pain perception in tooth which had prior laser irradiation as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Laser analgesia with low level lasers can be used as routine protocol for reducing pain perception in apprehensive patients undergoing cavity preparation.

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2

Pfieffer, Naomi. "Argon Laser Treatment Stabilizes Tachycardia." Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery 9, no. 6 (December 1991): 411–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/clm.1991.9.411.

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3

Matveev, A. N., N. N. Kolachevsky, J. Alnis, and T. W. Hänsch. "Spectral parameters of reference-cavity-stabilised lasers." Quantum Electronics 38, no. 4 (April 30, 2008): 391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qe2008v038n04abeh013680.

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4

Pérez-Arjona, Isabel, Víctor Sánchez-Morcillo, Javier Redondo, Kestutis Staliunas, and Eugenio Roldán. "Diffusion stabilizes cavity solitons in bidirectional lasers." Optics Express 17, no. 6 (March 13, 2009): 4897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.17.004897.

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5

Rebelo, Tiago, João Alves, and Bernardo Almeida. "Simulation of the temperature profile of BaCaZrTiO3 thin films during laser annealing." EPJ Web of Conferences 233 (2020): 05008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023305008.

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The laser annealing of a Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 (BCZT) thin film on a metglas substrate was simulated in order to understand how the annealing parameters (energy and fluence of the laser, pulse duration, etc) influence the optimization of the crystallinity of the film. Using a 1D heat diffusion equation combined with a finite difference method, the variation of the temperature with the depth relative to the film’s surface and on annealing time was studied. The laser intensity, BCZT’s reflectivity and the temperature dependence of the ther¬mal conductivity and specific heat of the BCZT were considered. No structural phase changes were detected in both the BCZT and the metglas for the values of laser fluence studied, but for 80 mJ/cm2 the maximum temperature approached near the BCZT’s melting temperature. It was observed that since the film’s ther¬mal conductivity decreases with increasing fluence, lower fluences allow for a better distribution of the laser’s energy throughout the crystal lattice, increasing the crystallinity. It was further observed that between consecutive pulses the film’s temperature stabilizes at room temperature.

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6

Permyakova, O. I., A. V. Yakovlev, and Pavel L. Chapovskii. "Frequency-stabilised external-cavity semiconductor laser." Quantum Electronics 35, no. 5 (May 31, 2005): 449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qe2005v035n05abeh003462.

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7

Černý, P., G. J. Valentine, and D. Burns. "Actively stabilised diode pumped Tm:YAlO laser." Electronics Letters 40, no. 17 (2004): 1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20045783.

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8

Farayibi, Peter Kayode. "Microstructural Evolution of Metal Matrix Composites Formed by Laser Deposition of Ti-6Al-4V Wire and WC-W₂C Powder." Advanced Engineering Forum 26 (February 2018): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.26.22.

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In this paper, the microstructural evolution of the composite formed by fibre laser deposition of Ti-6Al-4V wire and WC-W2C powder was investigated and reported. Nine single tracks were deposited using combinations of four laser processing parameters (laser power, traverse speed, wire feed rate and powder feed rate) with each having three levels based on Taguchi design of experiments. The samples of the deposited composites were subjected to microstructural examinations using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray Diffractometry, and microhardness tests. The resultant microstructure is characterised by uniform distribution of the reinforcement particles (WC-W2C) and dispersion of in-situ synthesised TiC and W solid solution precipitates in a β-stabilised Ti matrix. The TiC precipitates have blocky and fine eutectic morphologies, while the W solid solution precipitates have blocky and leaf-like equiaxed morphologies. The retained W composition in the β-Ti was found to range from 7.5-9 at%, and it helped to β-stabilise the matrix which was considered beneficial for the composite matrix to retain its ductility. Increasing laser power was found to decrease the amount of W retained in the Ti matrix which resulted in a lower cooling rate, favourable for the nucleation of W solid solution. The uniform dispersion of the TiC and W solid solutions in the β-Ti matrix phase has significantly enhanced its hardness which ranged from 455-543 HV0.3. It is anticipated that the composite formed will possess excellent wear resistance and contact deformation characteristics.

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9

Lin, Samuel I. En, Jhih Hung Wang, Yu Chi Chang, and Jian Fu Huang. "Study of the Parametric Design and Experiment of a Single Unit Integrated Laser Photo-Interrupter." Advanced Materials Research 422 (December 2011): 353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.422.353.

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High-power lasers (>+21dBm), because of their ability to transmit long distance signals, have gradually become the common solution for signal transmission systems including regional cable television, Fiber To The Home (FTTH), and gigabit passive optical networks (GPON). However, if protective design is not implemented at the client-side facility, users may be exposed to health hazards caused by the high-power laser, e.g. direct eye exposure to laser beams. High-power optical adapters with photo-interrupters use metal shutter to prevent direct laser beam exposure to the eyes. They have progressively replaced conventional optical adapters and have entered the market mainstream. Our study uses the elastic-plastic theory together with parametric design to investigate the effect of geometry on the initial photo-interrupter spring-back angle. Once the metal spring-back stabilizes after several attempts of insertion and extraction, the initial springing-back angles are found to be the same as the simulated results. In our study, it is observed that factors including the ratio of the notch width to the total width of the metal shutter plate and the relationship with the boundary conditions have significant influence on the springing-back angle. These can be used as references in design control.

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10

Sun, T., and A. S. Daryoush. "Self‐mode‐locked multimode lasers for stabilised RF oscillators." Electronics Letters 55, no. 25 (December 2019): 1351–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2019.2418.

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11

Oger, M., A. Daude, and A. Le Floch. "Frequency stability measurement on magnetic Lamb dip-stabilised lasers." Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments 22, no. 8 (August 1989): 618–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/22/8/017.

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12

Gill, P., and J. A. Clancy. "A microprocessor-controlled iodine-stabilised ion laser." Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments 21, no. 2 (February 1988): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/21/2/018.

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13

Wu Yizun, Guan Kejian, Yu Tong, and Tian Feng. "Experiment on 1500 nm stabilised Zeeman laser." Electronics Letters 23, no. 7 (1987): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19870236.

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14

Shan, X., T. Widdowson, A. D. Ellis, and A. S. Siddiqui. "Very simple method to stabilise modelocked erbium fibre lasers." Electronics Letters 32, no. 11 (1996): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19960685.

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15

Tsuchida, H., Y. Mitsuhashi, and M. Sugimura. "Wideband frequency scanning of a stabilised semiconductor laser." Electronics Letters 22, no. 10 (May 8, 1986): 553–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19860377.

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16

Mohanty, Jyotirmayee, Dipak K. Palit, Laxminarayan V. Shastri, and Avinash V. Sapre. "Pulsed laser excitation of phosphate stabilised silver nanoparticles." Journal of Chemical Sciences 112, no. 1 (February 2000): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02704301.

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17

Dian Ekarini, Fransiska, Joni Setiyawan, Winda Diah Puspita Rini, Pramudianto Dwi Hanggoro, and Ahmad Mudzakkir. "Stabilitas Struktur Candi Mendut." Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya 13, no. 2 (December 26, 2019): 80–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v13i2.227.

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Kajian Stabilitas Struktur Candi Mendut ini sangat penting guna mengevaluasi kondisi stabilitas struktur bangunan Candi Mendut sehingga kelestariannya akan terjaga. Berbagai kegiatan yang dilaksanakan dalam rangka kajian ini meliputi analisis data monitoring pengukuran kemiringan dinding candi dan kerenggangan nat batu candi, eksakavasi/penggalian arkeologi dalam rangka melihat struktur pondasi bangunan candi, melakukan pengukuran penggelembungan dinding candi, analisis daya dukung tanah halaman, dan penelusuran foto-foto lama. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi lapangan, pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder, focus group discussion dan analisis data. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan analisis data monitoring pengukuran kemiringan dinding didapatkan hasil bahwa terjadi pergerakan kemiringan pada titik-titik pengamatan paling besar 4 detik. Sedangkan selama periode dua tahun ini terjadi penambahan kerenggangan nat batu candi berdasarkan data crackmeter yang dipasang pada nat batu. Berdasarkan ekskavasi ternyata struktur pondasi candi hanya terdiri dari satu lapis batu dan terdapat lapisan mortar sebagai penguat tanah pondasi. Perhitungan daya dukung tanah di halaman candi menunjukkan bahwa tanah di sekitar Candi Mendut masih baik untuk mendukung bangunan candi di atasnya. Besarnya penggembungan dinding candi sisi tenggara adalah maksimal 4 mm berdasarkan hasil pengukuran menggunakan 3D Laser Scanner. Sampai dengan saat ini belum ada pedoman tentang kemiringan dinding pada bangunan candi, sehingga perlu dibuat pedoman sehingga dapat menjadi perbandingan untuk pengukuran selanjutnya. Hasil penelusuran foto-foto lama Candi Mendut menunjukkan bahwa pemugaran pertama terdiri dari beberapa tahap, tidak ditemukan adanya foto pembongkaran total candi, dan ternyata di dalam struktur kaki candi terdapat struktur bata yang belum diketahui selama ini. Untuk menganalisis kondisi stabilitas struktur khususnya Candi Mendut, tentu saja kurang valid apabila hanya dilakukan dengan data selama tahun berjalan 2018, apalagi dengan keterbatasan data-data referensi tentang pemugaran sebelumnya. Data tahun 2018 ini akan menjadi baseline atau data dasar untuk kegiatan monitoring/pemantauan ke depan sehingga bisa didapatkan data periodik dan diketahui arah perkembangan stabilitas strukturnya.

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18

Li, Jin, A. K. Rice, M. K. Davis, and M. Burka. "Facet and grating reflectivity effects in wavelength stabilised uncooled pump lasers." Electronics Letters 40, no. 1 (2004): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20040031.

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19

Barwood, G. P., P. Gill, and W. R. C. Rowley. "A simple rubidium-stabilised laser diode for interferometric applications." Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments 21, no. 10 (October 1988): 966–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/21/10/012.

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20

Goncharov, I. S., Dmitriy V. Masaylo, Alexey Orlov, Nikolay G. Razumov, and Aleksei Obrosov. "The Effect of Laser Power on the Microstructure of the Nb-Si Based In Situ Composite, Fabricated by Laser Metal Deposition." Key Engineering Materials 822 (September 2019): 556–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.822.556.

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The Nb-Si in-situ composite samples were fabricated by laser metal deposition additive manufacturing technology from mechanically alloyed powders in vario-planetary ball mill. A laser metal of samples was carried out at various laser powers: 500 W, 1000 W, 1400 W. The microstructure of a sample grown at a laser power of 500 W consists of a solid solution of Nb, Nb3Si, and dendritic chains of Ti. When the laser power is increased to 1000 W, the volume fraction of silicides increases, the structural heterogeneity decreases. With further increase in laser power to 1400 W, Ti dissolves in Nb, dendritic chains disappear, Nb5Si3 silicide stabilizes.

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21

Hoare, R., R. Mardling, and GJ Troup. "Intensity Correlation Functions for 'Thermalised' TEMn0 Laser Beams." Australian Journal of Physics 39, no. 4 (1986): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph860505.

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A well-stabilised, single mode laser beam will give zero intensity correlation. However, a laser beam may be 'thermalised' by shining it on a rotating ground glass disc, and then intensity correlation experiments will give nonzero results. We present here calculations of the intensity correlation functions of the TEMlO, TEM20, TEM30 and TEM40 Gaussian-Hermite beams. We were led to perform these calculations by the results of intensity correlation measurements on a laser with 'butted-on' mirrors nearing the end of its useful life.

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22

Verma, Kamlesh, Debashis Ghosh, Rajeev Marathe, and Avnish Kumar. "Efficient Embedded Hardware Architecture for Stabilised Tracking Sighting System of Armoured Fighting Vehicles." Defence Science Journal 69, no. 3 (April 30, 2019): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.69.14414.

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A line-of-sight stabilised sighting system, capable of target tracking and video stabilisation is a prime requirement of any armoured fighting tank vehicle for military surveillance and weapon firing. Typically, such sighting systems have three prime electro-optical sensors i.e. day camera for viewing in day conditions, thermal camera for night viewing and eye-safe laser range finder for obtaining the target range. For laser guided missile firing, additional laser target designator may be a part of sighting system. This sighting system provides necessary parameters for the fire control computer to compute ballistic offsets to fire conventional ammunition or fire missile. System demands simultaneous interactions with electro-optical sensors, servo sensors, actuators, multi-function display for man-machine interface, fire control computer, logic controller and other sub-systems of tank. Therefore, a complex embedded electronics hardware is needed to respond in real time for such system. An efficient electronics embedded hardware architecture is presented here for the development of this type of sighting system. This hardware has been developed around SHARC 21369 processor and FPGA. A performance evaluation scheme is also presented for this sighting system based on the developed hardware.

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23

Blows, Justin L., Judith M. Dawes, and James A. Piper. "A simple, thermally-stabilised, diode end-pumped, planar Nd:YAG laser." Optics Communications 162, no. 4-6 (April 1999): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-4018(99)00104-2.

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24

Gamidov, R., İ. Taşkin, M. Çetintaş, and V. Sautenkov. "Unmodulated external-cavity diode laser stabilised on caesium D2 line." IEE Proceedings - Science, Measurement and Technology 143, no. 4 (July 1, 1996): 263–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-smt:19960480.

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25

Hao, L., and J. Lawrence. "Melt depth prediction for laser irradiated magnesia partially stabilised zirconia." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 180, no. 1-3 (December 2006): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.05.009.

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26

Köstler, Stefan, Andreas Rudorfer, Roswitha Berghauser, Volker Ribitsch, and Georg Jakopic. "Stable Dispersions of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Colloidal Particles by Laser Ablation." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 1235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.1235.

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Dispersions of colloidal particles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were obtained by nanosecond laser ablation. Aqueous suspensions of micron-sized crystals were irradiated with the second harmonic output of a Nd:YAG laser and converted into colloidal particles. Ionic and nonionic surfactants were used in the ablation process to stabilise the particles. Dispersions with good long term stability were obtained. A strong dependence of particle formation rate on laser fluence was found and the particle formation process is discussed on the basis of UV-Vis spectra and microscopic examination of the crystals.

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27

Affolderbach, C., and G. Mileti. "Tuneable, stabilised diode lasers for compact atomic frequency standards and precision wavelength references." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 43, no. 3-5 (March 2005): 291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2004.02.009.

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28

Edwards, C. S., G. P. Barwood, P. Gill, F. Rodríguez-Llorente, and W. R. C. Rowley. "Frequency-stabilised diode lasers in the visible region using Doppler-free iodine spectra." Optics Communications 132, no. 1-2 (November 1996): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(96)00316-1.

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29

Sola, D., J. Gurauskis, J. I. Peña, and V. M. Orera. "Cold laser machining of nickel-yttrium stabilised zirconia cermets: Composition dependence." Materials Research Bulletin 44, no. 9 (September 2009): 1910–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2009.05.006.

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30

Wang, Xin, Ping Xiao, Marc Schmidt, and Lin Li. "Laser processing of yttria stabilised zirconia/alumina coatings on Fecralloy substrates." Surface and Coatings Technology 187, no. 2-3 (October 2004): 370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.01.040.

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31

Osipov, V. V., V. I. Solomonov, V. V. Platonov, O. A. Snigireva, M. G. Ivanov, and V. V. Lisenkov. "Laser plume spectroscopy. 2. Graphite yttrium-stabilised and zirconium oxide targets." Quantum Electronics 35, no. 7 (July 31, 2005): 633–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qe2005v035n07abeh004087.

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32

Shinohara, S., N. Inoue, H. Yoshida, and M. Sumi. "New automatic control of returned light into frequency stabilised semiconductor laser." Electronics Letters 21, no. 5 (1985): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19850144.

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33

Wenke, G., and S. Saito. "Stabilised PSK transmitter with negative electrical feedback to a semiconductor laser." Electronics Letters 21, no. 15 (1985): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19850464.

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34

Hatakoshi, G., M. Ishikawa, Y. Watanabe, and Y. Uematsu. "Structure-dependent noise characteristics of transverse mode stabilised AlGaInP laser diodes." Electronics Letters 25, no. 2 (1989): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19890092.

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35

Brede, O., M. Burgers, J. Kovářová, and I. Kúdelka. "Pulse radiolysis and laser flash photolysis studies of stabiliser transformation products." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 47, no. 1 (January 1996): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0969-806x(95)00079-d.

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36

Chae, H.-B., C.-H. Kim, J.-H. Kim, and S. Rhee. "The effect of shielding gas composition in CO2 laser—gas metal arc hybrid welding." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 222, no. 11 (November 1, 2008): 1315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544054jem944.

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In carbon dioxide (CO2) laser—gas metal arc hybrid welding, a shielding gas is supplied to isolate the molten metal from the ambient air, suppress the laser-induced plasma, remove the plume out of the keyhole, and stabilize the metal transfer. In this study, a shielding gas consisting of helium, argon, and CO2 was used, and its effects on the composition of the welding phenomena, such as behaviours of laser-induced plasma generation, molten pool flow, and droplet transfer in gas metal arc welding, were investigated. High-speed video observation was used to investigate the welding phenomena inside the arc regime. Consequently, helium was found to have a dominant role in suppressing laser-induced plasma; minimum helium content at a laser power of 8 kW was suggested for laser autogenous and hybrid welding. Argon and CO2 govern the droplet transfer and arc stability. A 12 per cent addition of CO2 stabilizes the metal transfer and eliminates undercut caused by insufficient wetting of molten metal.

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37

Ueda, Ken-Ichi. "Present status and prospect of KrF laser physics and technology–large volume excitation and UV optics." Laser and Particle Beams 7, no. 3 (August 1989): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600007333.

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The physics and technology for e-beam generation, large volume excitation and the ultra-violet optics for high power KrF lasers is presented. The potential, due to the charge deposition, induces a return current in the plasma which balances the e-beam current. The local equilibrium mechanism stabilizes the large volume excitation using intense electron beams. The spatial and temporal characteristics of large aperture diodes are analyzed. Substantial progress in ultra violet optics in Japan has been achieved. The damage threshold of HR dielectric coating increases up to 11 J/cm2 by using low absorption materials.

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38

Anaz Khan, Muhammed, Annakodi Vivek Anand, Muthukannan Duraiselvam, Koppula Srinivas Rao, Ramachandra Arvind Singh, and Subramanian Jayalakshmi. "Thermal Shock Resistance and Thermal Insulation Capability of Laser-Glazed Functionally Graded Lanthanum Magnesium Hexaluminate/Yttria-Stabilised Zirconia Thermal Barrier Coating." Materials 14, no. 14 (July 10, 2021): 3865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143865.

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In this work, functionally graded lanthanum magnesium hexaluminate (LaMgAl11O19)/yttria-stabilised zirconia (YSZ) thermal barrier coating (FG-TBC), in as-sprayed and laser-glazed conditions, were investigated for their thermal shock resistance and thermal insulation properties. Results were compared with those of a dual-layered coating of LaMgAl11O19 and YSZ (DC-TBC). Thermal shock tests at 1100 °C revealed that the as-sprayed FG-TBC had improved thermal stability, i.e., higher cycle lifetime than the as-sprayed DC-TBC due to its gradient architecture, which minimised stress concentration across its thickness. In contrast, DC-TBC spalled at the interface due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the LaMgAl11O19 and YSZ layers. Laser glazing improved cycle lifetimes of both the types of coatings. Microstructural changes, mainly the formation of segmentation cracks in the laser-glazed surfaces, provided strain tolerance during thermal cycles. Infrared rapid heating of the coatings up to 1000 °C showed that the laser-glazed FG-TBC had better thermal insulation capability, as interlamellar pores entrapped gas and constrained heat transfer across its thickness. From the investigation, it is inferred that (i) FG-TBC has better thermal shock resistance and thermal insulation capability than DC-TBC and (ii) laser glazing can significantly enhance the overall thermal performance of the coatings. Laser-glazed FG-TBC provides the best heat management, and has good potential for applications that require effective heat management, such as in gas turbines.

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39

Matsumoto, S., and M. Fujise. "Frequency stabilisation of λ/4-shifted DFB laser to stabilised optical resonator." Electronics Letters 25, no. 13 (1989): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19890548.

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40

Lee, W., M. T. Choi, H. Izadpanah, and P. J. Delfyett. "Relative intensity noise characteristics of frequency stabilised grating-coupled modelocked semiconductor laser." Electronics Letters 42, no. 20 (2006): 1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20062603.

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41

Gordon, Eugene, Alexander Karabulin, Vladimir Matyushenko, Vyacheslav Sizov, and Igor Khodos. "Stability and structure of nanowires grown from silver, copper and their alloys by laser ablation into superfluid helium." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 46 (2014): 25229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp03471f.

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42

Leroy, A., H. Helmers, B. Thédrez, S. Hubert, P. Peloso, S. Kerboeuf, G. H. Duan, et al. "Low-cost wavelength stabilised plug and play lasers for WDM systems in future local networks." Electronics Letters 37, no. 16 (2001): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20010715.

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43

Sztubecki, Jacek, Maria Mrówczyńska, and Adam Bujarkiewicz. "Proposition of determination of displacements using the TDRA 6000 laser station." E3S Web of Conferences 55 (2018): 00011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185500011.

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With modern measurement technologies, it is possible to achieve higher precision and solve complex measurement tasks. The tested device (TDRA 6000 laser station) features a direct drive technology ensuring a 3D point accuracy of 0.25 mm. TDRA 6000 combined with proper software is a perfect tool to monitor engineering objects. The article presents the measurement technique and the method of calculation of 3D displacements of control and measurement networks using the TDRA 6000 laser station from Leica. The values presented herein derive from periodic measurements carried out in control points stabilised at a ground the above-ground crossing between buildings located on the premises of the University of Science and Technology campus in Bydgoszcz.

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44

Puiu, A., G. Giubileo, and S. Nunziante Cesaro. "Vibrational Spectrum of HMX at CO2 Laser Wavelengths: A Combined DRIFT and LPAS Study." International Journal of Spectroscopy 2012 (September 5, 2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/953019.

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The vibrational spectrum of solid standard HMX (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) was investigated. Two spectroscopic techniques were adopted for their different sensitivity and resolution. A preliminary survey of the absorption bands of the compound was performed in the 8000–400 cm−1 spectral range by employing the diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) technique at room temperature. The high-resolution line spectrum of HMX was obtained in the 9.2–10.8 μm spectral range by laser photoacoustic spectroscopy (LPAS) method, using a line tuneable 10 W stabilised cw CO2 laser light source. By comparing the data collected with the two techniques in the common frequency range, a very good agreement was observed.

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MINGESZ, RÓBERT, ZOLTÁN GINGL, GÁBOR ALMÁSI, ATTILA CSENGERI, and PÉTER MAKRA. "UTILISING JITTER NOISE IN THE PRECISE SYNCHRONISATION OF LASER PULSES." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 08, no. 01 (March 2008): L41—L49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477508004258.

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We present a laser delay control system based on adaptive averaging which utilises the jitter noise of the laser to stabilise the delay more precisely. The system contains delay lines to measure and control the laser delay and a microcontroller that runs our control algorithm. The algorithm regulates the laser delay on the basis of the average of detected delay values, where the steps with which the delay is varied and the averaging length are chosen adaptively, depending on the distance from the target delay. Our complementary numerical simulations show that the jitter of the laser may play a beneficial role here: the error of the delay has a distinct minimum at a non-zero noise level. In a way similar to the dithering principle applied in analogue-to-digital conversion, averaging the noise-modulated detection instances yields a precision in setting the delay that is well beyond the resolution provided by detection time windows, and is close to the theoretical limit determined by the step size of the delay line we applied.

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46

Bieganowski, Andrzej, Grzegorz Łagód, Magdalena Ryżak, Agnieszka Montusiewicz, Mariola Chomczyńska, and Agata Sochan. "Measurement of activated sludge particle diameters using laser diffraction method / Pomiary średnicy cząstek osadu czynnego za pomocą metody dyfrakcji laserowej." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 19, no. 4 (November 1, 2012): 597–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10216-011-0042-7.

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Abstract The paper presents a study on the possibility of using the laser diffraction method for measuring the size of the activated sludge particles. Susceptibility of the particles to mechanical disintegration, dependent on the programmed value of stirring intensity, was observed (stirring was caused by required dynamic flow of analysed suspension through the measurement unit). According to the conclusions presented in this paper, it may be assumed that the laser diffraction method can be applied for measurement of activated sludge particle diameters under the following conditions: 1) the size of activated sludge particles measured by the laser diffraction method is not a real value, but after standardisation of measurement conditions can be treated as a parameter describing the sludge; 2) the particle diameters of activated sludge should be stabilised before the measurement, eg by mixing in the measurement unit or by ultrasound waves application.

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Buet, X., O. Gauthier-Lafaye, A. Monmayrant, F. Lozes-Dupuy, A. Guelmami, S. Calvez, and C. Tourte. "Wavelength-stabilised external-cavity laser diode using cavity resonator integrated guided mode filter." Electronics Letters 48, no. 25 (December 6, 2012): 1619–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2012.3058.

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Matthews, E. K., Jane Rogers, and D. B. McKay. "Control of secretory granule interaction and exocytosis in pancreatic cells." Bioscience Reports 7, no. 5 (May 1, 1987): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01362506.

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Application of the laser-based technique of photon correlation spectroscopy to an in vitro study of the ionic stability and interaction kinetics of zymogen granules isolated from rat exocrine pancreas is described here. In addition the separation from pancreatic acinar cell cytosol of a factor which stabilizes isolated zymogen granules and inhibits cation-induced granule aggregation is outlined. The basis of this action and the significance of the cytosolic inhibitory factor in the regulation of granule mobility and exocytosis in vivo is discussed.

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KONG, HONG JIN, JIN WOO YOON, JAE SUNG SHIN, DU HYUN BEAK, and BONG JU LEE. "Long term stabilization of the beam combination laser with a phase controlled stimulated Brillouin scattering phase conjugation mirrors for the laser fusion driver." Laser and Particle Beams 24, no. 4 (October 2006): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303460606068x.

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Laser fusion requires very high energy/power output with high repetition rate over 10 Hz, which is very difficult with the current laser technologies. However, the recent research work on the phase controlling of the stimulated Brillouin scattering wave enables the realization of this kind of laser fusion driver. The recent progress of controlling the phase has been successfully demonstrated by the self-generated density modulation method proposed by one of the authors (Kong). Nevertheless, it showed a long-term fluctuation of the phase because of the long-term fluctuation of the density of the SBS medium due to the thermal fluctuation. This long-term thermal fluctuation is inevitable a fact in nature. The authors used a specially designed stabilizing system for the phase controlling system, which has the PZT control of the mirror for phase controlling SBS-PCM (the so-called feedback mirror). This system stabilizes the phase controlling system very well for more than 1 h. This technique will help the laser fusion driver to be realized sooner than expected. In addition, we propose a similar scheme to be applied to the ultra-fast pulse laser system, which must operate at high repetition rate for the laser fusion energy power plant.

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Cicchitelli, L., S. Eliezer, M. P. Goldsworthy, F. Green, H. Hora, P. S. Ray, R. J. Stening, and H. Szichman. "Volume ignition of laser driven fusion pellets and double layer effects." Laser and Particle Beams 6, no. 2 (May 1988): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303460000392x.

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The realization of an ideal volume compression of laser-irradiated fusion pellets (by C. Yamanaka) opens the possibility for an alternative to spark ignition proposed for many years for inertial confinement fusion. A re-evaluation of the difficulties of the central spark ignition of laser driven pellets is given. The alternative volume compression theory, together with volume burn and volume ignition (discovered in 1977), have received less attention and are re-evaluated in view of the experimental verification by Yamanaka, generalized fusion gain formulas, and the variation of optimum temperatures derived at self-ignition. Reactor-level DT fusion with MJ-laser pulses and volume compression to 50 times the solid-state density are estimated. Dynamic electric fields and double layers at the surface and in the interior of plasmas result in new phenomena for the acceleration of thermal electrons to suprathermal electrons. Double layers also cause a surface tension which stabilizes against surface wave effects and Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities.

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