Academic literature on the topic 'Last Judgement'
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Journal articles on the topic "Last Judgement"
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McIver, Katherine A., and Marcia B. Hall. "Michelangelo's "Last Judgement"." Sixteenth Century Journal 37, no. 3 (2006): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20478023.
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NEHER, GABRIELE. "MICHELANGELO'S 'LAST JUDGEMENT'." Art Book 13, no. 1 (2006): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8357.2006.00653_4.x.
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Owen, Ken. "Last Word." Communicare: Journal for Communication Studies in Africa 7, no. 1 (2022): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/jcsa.v7i1.2107.
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At issue is the suppression of news in South Africa. Ken Owen, editor of Busi- ness Day, states in this article: "There is a vast difference between a system that limits expression by law, subject to the judgement of the courts, and one which seeks to impose a vaguely de- fined set of restraints that go beyond the law". He argues that South Africa has been moving from the former system to the latter, casting law aside. But calls for censorship of the news, couched as "greater responsibility", or "better judgement", even "patriotism", ema- nate from all quarters. All depending on whose ox is gored, writes Mr Owen.
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Tredger, E. R. W., J. T. H. Lo, S. Haria, et al. "Bias, guess and expert judgement in actuarial work." British Actuarial Journal 21, no. 3 (2016): 545–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357321716000155.
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AbstractExpert judgement is frequently used within general insurance. It tends to be a method of last resort and used where data is sparse, non-existent or non-applicable to the problem under consideration. Whilst such judgements can significantly influence the end results, their quality is highly variable. The use of the term “expert judgement” itself can lend a generous impression of credibility to what may be a little more than a guess. Despite the increased emphasis placed on the importance of robust expert judgements in regulation, actuarial research to date has focussed on the more technical or data-driven methods, with less emphasis on how to use and incorporate softer information or how best to elicit judgements from others in a way that reduces cognitive biases. This paper highlights the research that the Getting Better Judgement Working Party has conducted in this area. Specifically, it covers the variable quality of expert judgement, both within and outside the regulatory context, and presents methods that may be applied to improve its formation. The aim of this paper is to arm the insurance practitioner with tools to distinguish between low-quality and high-quality judgements and improve the robustness of judgements accordingly, particularly for highly material circumstances.
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Jońca, Maciej. "The Last Judgement as Ordalium. Hans Memling’s Vision." Studia Prawnicze KUL, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/sp.10608.
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Hans Memling’s Last Judgement was created at the moment when the dominant form of legal proceedings over the whole European continent was that of ordo iudiciarius. This procedure was based on the principles drawn as far back as Roman law, that is why at present it is described as the Roman-Canonical procedure. It is surprising that the composition of the Last Judgement does not in any way refer to the said procedure, since the imagery of the Last Judgement over the centuries had been shaped on the basis of the solutions practiced in the earthly courts. However, ordo iudiciarius was too rigid and predictable. Its rules did not fit the idea of God’s immeasurable mercy. That is why the artist presented the Last Judgement as ordalium. In this procedure, in turn, God, in accordance with his nature, is not bound by anything, so he can bestow his grace in a sovereign way even upon those who do not deserve it.
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JÜNGEL, Eberhard. "The Last Judgement as an Act of Grace." Louvain Studies 15, no. 4 (1990): 389–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ls.15.4.2013846.
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Krötke, Wolf. "Hope in the Last Judgement and Human Dignity." International Journal of Systematic Theology 2, no. 3 (2000): 270–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1463-1652.00040.
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SHIRAKI, Yoshinao. "The ABC Conjecture and the Last Judgement by Giotto." IEICE ESS Fundamentals Review 6, no. 3 (2013): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/essfr.6.160.
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Grötecke, Iris. "Representing the Last Judgement: Social Hierarchy, Gender and Sin." Medieval History Journal 1, no. 2 (1998): 233–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097194589800100203.
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Pincock, Christopher. "Russell's Last (and Best) Multiple-Relation Theory of Judgement." Mind 117, no. 465 (2008): 107–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzn005.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Last Judgement"
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Wade, Lisa. "Representations of the Last Judgement and their interpretation." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343579.
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Ware, Guy Mathew. "A vision of the Last Judgement : Marxist aesthetics and Blake's minor prophecies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316872.
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Smith, Daniel Christopher Devry. "Imagining Doomsday : aspects of the Last Judgement in late-medieval English vernacular devotional and manuscript culture, c.1300-1500." Thesis, University of Kent, 2018. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/69148/.
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Elliott, Janis. "The Last Judgement scene in central Italian painting, c.1266-1343 : the impact of Guelf politics, papal power and Angevin iconography." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2000. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36355/.
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The dissertation recontextualizes the iconographical developments of the Last Judgement scene in Central Italian mural painting in the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries by exploring the theological and political contexts in which these scenes were produced. Two striking events mark the evolution of the Late Medieval Last Judgement scene: first, the revival of the 'complete' Last Judgement after a period of contraction, and second, the separation of Heaven and Hell from the Last Judgement. Both of these features reflect an increasing anxiety about the fate of the soul in the afterlife: a fate which, by the end of the thirteenth century, had moved from the end of time itself to the moment of an individual's death. The first chapter concerns Pietro Cavallini's fresco in S.Cecilia in Trastevere (c.1293), its place within the Roman tradition of Last Judgement scene, and its role as the earliest surviving monumental example of the 'complete' Last Judgement. Chapter II concerns the frescoes of S.Maria Donnaregina in Naples (c.1317-23), patronized by the Angevin queen, Maria of Hungary. In 1266 the Papacy conferred on Charles I of Anjou the Kingdom of Naples in exchange for defense of the Papal States, and the Angevins became the chief administrators of civil and penal justice throughout the Papal States and independent Guelf city-states. A discussion of Angevin iconography establishes a connection between Angevin self-image and the Last Judgement scene. Chapter III is devoted to Giotto's Last Judgement at the Arena Chapel in Padua (c.1305) and its imitator at S.Maria Maggiore in Tuscania (c.1320). The chapter includes a discussion of thirteenth-century papal decrees concerning the fate of the soul in the afterlife, the appearance of the penitent patron at the foot of the cross, and the possibility of a Papal-Angevin-Guelf influence on the production of both of these frescoes. Chapter IV on the "Angevin Connection" begins with a reinterpretation of the iconography of the Florence Baptistery mosaics (c.1271-1330) in terms of their patronage by the Church and the exclusively Guelf Guild of the Calimala. The first instance of the separation of Paradise and Inferno from the Last Judgement, in the Magdalen Chapel of the Bargello in Florence (c.1322), is discussed in light of the civic function of the chapel and of Angevin control of the office of podesta. The relief panels of the façade of Orvieto Cathedral (c.1290-1330) are also considered in view of Papal and Angevin domination of that city. In Chapter V the influence of the Magdalen Chapel's separation of Heaven and Hell is linked to the increasing secularization of the Last Judgement scene as evidenced in the Campo Santo, Pisa (c.1330) and the nave of S.Croce, Florence (c.1330). The revival of the 'complete' Last Judgement scene in Late Medieval Central Italy was the result of theological changes concerning the afterlife, the rise of the penitential movement, and the formation of the Papal-Angevin-Guelf alliance for whom the triumphant scene of judgement became emblematic. The individual's anxiety about the fate of his soul at the moment of death and the appropriation of the Last Judgement for use in secular contexts affected the separation of Heaven and Hell from the Last Judgement and brought about the secularization of a traditionally sacred scene.
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Sandoval, Elizabeth Marie. "A Material Sign of Self: The Book as Metaphor and Representation in Fifteenth-Century Northern European Art." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531875789992912.
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Müller, Beatrix. "Santa María la Real, Sangüesa (Navarra)." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14440.
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Bislang gab es keine detaillierte Untersuchung der umfangreichen Bauplastik der Kirche Santa María la Real in Sangüesa, obwohl es sich um einen der für die Entwicklung der spätromanischen Skulptur Nordspaniens wichtigsten Komplexe des 12. Jahrhunderts handelt. Die Arbeit versucht, diese Forschungslücke zu schließen. Grundlage der Analyse und gleichzeitig Bestandsaufnahme ist ein Katalog, der die gesamte Bauplastik (360 Einzelskulpturen) und rund 40 Vergleichsbeispiele erfaßt. Mittels einer detaillierten Stilanalyse wurden stilistische und ikonographische Ordnungsprinzipien aus dem scheinbaren Durcheinander herausgearbeitet. Von dieser Grundlage aus konnten mehrere Skulpturenkomplexe Nordspaniens zueinander in Beziehung gesetzt werden. Nur Sangüesa vereint Skulpturen aus mindestens drei anderen Zentren und führt gleichzeitig neue Elemente - wie die Gewändefiguren Chartreser Prägung - ein. Das gesamte Spektrum der Bauplastik Navarras und Aragóns zwischen etwa 1130 und 1170 läßt sich daran ablesen. Als einziges Beispiel einer solchen Syntheseleistung in Nordspanien ist Sangüesa Rezeptor, Katalysator und Innovator zugleich. Das Tympanon Santa Marías zeigt die einzige erhaltene explizite Darstellung des jüngsten Gerichts einer nordspanischen Kirche des 12. Jahrhunderts. Vieles spricht dafür, daß auf Portalen entlang des Camino de Santiago eine inhaltliche Verbindungslinie zu ziehen ist von den furchteinflößenden Darstellungen in Frankreich über die auf wenige Elemente reduzierte Illustration des Weltgerichts in Sangüesa bis hin zu dem versöhnenden Christus im Pórtico de la Gloria der Kathedrale von Compostela. Die vorliegende Analyse erweist die spanische Bauplastik als eine eigenständige, innovative und hochqualitative Skulptur.<br>Santa María la Real, Sangüesa (Navarra) The architectural sculpture of Santa Marías and 12th century sculpture in Navarre and Aragón Receptor, catalysator, innovator? Beyond any doubt, Santa María la Real of Sangüesa is one of the most important sculptural complexes of 12th century Romanesque sculpture in Northern Spain. Nevertheless no detailed analysis of the rich sculpture of the main portal and the capitals in the interior of the church has hitherto been made. This is the first time a thesis tries to set up a catalogue and to present an analysis of the 360 different sculptures and to compare them with 40 examples of other places. In a specific and detailed analysis out of the enormous variety of sculptures some important stilistic and iconographic categories can be brought out allowing to establish the relationship between Sangüesa and other important monumental sculptural complexes in Northern Spain. Thus one can prove that only Sangüesa combines sculptures from at least three different centres of Ronanesque art in Northern Spain; and - what is more - the Sangüesa masters have introduced new elements like the column statues of Chartrese style. In Sangüesa the whole spectre of monumental sculpture in Navarre and Aragón between 1130 and 1170 is well represented. Santa María la Real is, therefore, a unique example of such a synthesis and can be regarded as a receptor, catalysator and innovator as well. The Sangüesan tympanum shows the only existing explicit illustration of the Last Judgement in a church of 12th century Spain. One may argue that a continuous iconographic program exists on portals along the Camino de Santiago: starting with the frightening representations in France passing by the reduced illustration of the Last Judgement in Sangüesa up to the reconciling Christ of the Pórtico de la Gloria of the Cathedral in Compostela. The thesis proves the high and innovative quality, and in particular, the originality of Spanish architectural sculpture of the period.
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Kardimis, Théofanis. "La chambre criminelle de la Cour de cassation face à l’article 6 de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme : étude juridictionnelle comparée (France-Grèce)." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3004.
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La première partie de l’étude est consacrée à l’invocation, intra et extra muros, du droit à un procès équitable. Sont analysés ainsi, dans un premier temps, l’applicabilité directe de l’article 6 et la subsidiarité de la Convention par rapport au droit national et de la Cour Européenne des Droits de l’Homme par rapport aux juridictions nationales. Le droit à un procès équitable étant un droit jurisprudentiel, l’étude se focalise, dans un second temps, sur l’invocabilité des arrêts de la Cour Européenne et plus précisément sur l’invocabilité directe de l’arrêt qui constate une violation du droit à un procès équitable dans une affaire mettant en cause l’Etat et l’invocabilité de l’interprétation conforme à l’arrêt qui interprète l’article 6 dans une affaire mettant en cause un Etat tiers. L’introduction dans l’ordre juridique français et hellénique de la possibilité de réexamen de la décision pénale définitive rendue en violation de la Convention a fait naitre un nouveau droit d’accès à la Cour de cassation lequel trouve son terrain de prédilection aux violations de l’article 6 et constitue peut-être le pas le plus important pour le respect du droit à un procès équitable après l’acceptation (par la France et la Grèce) du droit de recours individuel. Quant au faible fondement de l’autorité de la chose interprétée par la Cour Européenne, qui est d’ailleurs un concept d’origine communautaire, cela explique pourquoi un dialogue indirect entre la Cour Européenne et la Cour de cassation est possible sans pour autant changer en rien l’invocabilité de l’interprétation conforme et le fait que l’existence d’un précédent oblige la Cour de cassation à motiver l’interprétation divergente qu’elle a adoptée.La seconde partie de l’étude, qui est plus volumineuse, est consacrée aux garanties de bonne administration de la justice (article 6§1), à la présomption d’innocence (article 6§2), aux droits qui trouvent leur fondement conventionnel dans l’article 6§1 mais leur fondement logique dans la présomption d’innocence et aux droits de la défense (article 6§3). Sont ainsi analysés le droit à un tribunal indépendant, impartial et établi par la loi, le délai raisonnable, le principe de l’égalité des armes, le droit à une procédure contradictoire, le droit de la défense d’avoir la parole en dernier, la publicité de l’audience et du prononcé des jugements et arrêts, l’obligation de motivation des décisions, la présomption d’innocence, dans sa dimension procédurale et personnelle, le « droit au mensonge », le droit de l’accusé de se taire et de ne pas contribuer à son auto-incrimination, son droit d’être informé de la nature et de la cause de l’accusation et de la requalification envisagée des faits, son droit au temps et aux facilités nécessaires à la préparation de la défense, y compris notamment la confidentialité de ses communications avec son avocat et le droit d’accès au dossier, son droit de comparaître en personne au procès, le droit de la défense avec ou sans l’assistance d’un avocat, le droit de l’accusé d’être représenté en son absence par son avocat, le droit à l’assistance gratuite d’un avocat lorsque la situation économique de l’accusé ne permet pas le recours à l’assistance d’un avocat mais les intérêts de la justice l’exigent, le droit d’interroger ou faire interroger les témoins à charge et d’obtenir la convocation et l’interrogation des témoins à décharge dans les mêmes conditions que les témoins à charge et le droit à l’interprétation et à la traduction des pièces essentielles du dossier. L’analyse est basée sur la jurisprudence strasbourgeoise et centrée sur la position qu’adoptent la Cour de cassation française et l’Aréopage<br>The first party of the study is dedicated to the invocation of the right to a fair trial intra and extra muros and, on this basis, it focuses on the direct applicability of Article 6 and the subsidiarity of the Convention and of the European Court of Human Rights. Because of the fact that the right to a fair trial is a ‘‘judge-made law’’, the study also focuses on the invocability of the judgments of the European Court and more precisely on the direct invocability of the European Court’s judgment finding that there has been a violation of the Convention and on the request for an interpretation in accordance with the European Court’s decisions. The possibility of reviewing the criminal judgment made in violation of the Convention has generated a new right of access to the Court of cassation which particularly concerns the violations of the right to a fair trial and is probably the most important step for the respect of the right to a fair trial after enabling the right of individual petition. As for the weak conventional basis of the authority of res interpretata (“autorité de la chose interprétée”), this fact explains why an indirect dialogue between the ECHR and the Court of cassation is possible but doesn’t affect the applicant’s right to request an interpretation in accordance with the Court’s decisions and the duty of the Court of cassation to explain why it has decided to depart from the (non-binding) precedent.The second party of the study is bigger than the first one and is dedicated to the guarantees of the proper administration of justice (Article 6§1), the presumption of innocence (Article 6§2), the rights which find their conventional basis on the Article 6§1 but their logical explanation to the presumption of innocence and the rights of defence (Article 6§3). More precisely, the second party of the study is analyzing the right to an independent and impartial tribunal established by law, the right to a hearing within a reasonable time, the principle of equality of arms, the right to adversarial proceedings, the right of the defence to the last word, the right to a public hearing and a public pronouncement of the judgement, the judge’s duty to state the reasons for his decision, the presumption of innocence, in both its procedural and personal dimensions, the accused’s right to lie, his right to remain silent, his right against self-incrimination, his right to be informed of the nature and the cause of the accusation and the potential re-characterisation of the facts, his right to have adequate time and facilities for the preparation of the defence, including in particular the access to the case-file and the free and confidential communication with his lawyer, his right to appear in person at the trial, his right to defend either in person or through legal assistance, his right to be represented by his counsel, his right to free legal aid if he hasn’t sufficient means to pay for legal assistance but the interests of justice so require, his right to examine or have examined witnesses against him and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on his behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against him and his right to the free assistance of an interpreter and to the translation of the key documents. The analysis is based on the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights and focuses on the position taken by the French and the Greek Court of Cassation (Areopagus) on each one of the above mentioned rights
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Levy, Janey L. "The Last Judgement in early Netherlandish painting faith, authority, and charity in the fifteenth century /." 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/67904482.html.
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Brenišínová, Monika. "Význam představ o konci světa v procesu dobývání a kolonizace Ameriky." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-313297.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to explore the possible influence of the idea of the end of the world on the process of conquest and colonization of America. The author tries to answer this question through the study of selected images of the Last Judgment. The purpose aim of this thesis is not to describe or stylistically classify given works of art, but to interpret them using the methodology based on the semiotic conception of culture as public symbolical system that allows to interpret the culture and its expressions in their social connections. As the topic of this work is related to the question of death and finality, the chosen works of art are interpreted also in connection with A. van Gennep's idea of "rites of passage", which enables to pass from one life stage to another. The main source for analysis is the photographic material, which illustrates images and reliefs of the Last Judgment in their natural environment.
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Čížkovská, Zdeňka. "Dušičkové kaple v umění řádu Tovaryšstva Ježíšova." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-434232.
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Art of Jesuit Chapels of the Deceased The theme of this work is presentation of Jesuit Chapel of the Deceased in Bohemia in the Baroque period. The main idea of these chapels are the last idea of man and reminder to purgatory. The presence of purgatory was unquestionable for Baroque society and very often presentation in art. Purgatory was place, which gives hope to the Catholics for salvation and it was great occasional for using special symbols and emblems, it is a way how the remind a believer to the idea of the Last Judgment.
Books on the topic "Last Judgement"
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Mertens, Thom, Hans-Jochen Schiewer, Maria Sherwood Smith, and Michael Mecklenburg, eds. The Last Judgement in Medieval Preaching. Brepols Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sermo-eb.6.09070802050003050105020403.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Last Judgement"
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Richardson, Christine, and Jackie Johnston. "Chester ‘Last Judgement Play’." In Medieval Drama. Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21180-7_6.
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Sklar, Susanne. "Erotic Spirituality in Blake’s Last Judgement." In Sexy Blake. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137332844_9.
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Mecklenburg, Michael, and Thom Mertens. "Introduction: The Last Judgement in Medieval Sermons." In The Last Judgement in Medieval Preaching. Brepols Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sermo-eb.1.100502.
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Borgehammar, Stephan. "The Last Judgement in Medieval Latin Model Sermons." In The Last Judgement in Medieval Preaching. Brepols Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sermo-eb.1.100503.
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O’Mara, Veronica. "The Last Judgement in Medieval English Prose Sermons: An Overview." In The Last Judgement in Medieval Preaching. Brepols Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sermo-eb.1.100504.
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Mertens, Thom. "The Last Judgement in Middle Dutch Sermons on the Sunday Gospel." In The Last Judgement in Medieval Preaching. Brepols Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sermo-eb.1.100505.
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Andersson, Roger. "The Last Judgement in Old Swedish Sermons: A Popular Affair." In The Last Judgement in Medieval Preaching. Brepols Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sermo-eb.1.100506.
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Sherwood-Smith, Maria. "The Last Judgement in Middle Dutch Sermons and its Role in the Dutch Translation of the Homilies of Gregory the Great." In The Last Judgement in Medieval Preaching. Brepols Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sermo-eb.1.100507.
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Burger, Christoph. "The Advent of Christ as Judge: A Sermon Composed by the Augustinian Hermit Johannes von Paltz in 1487." In The Last Judgement in Medieval Preaching. Brepols Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sermo-eb.1.100508.
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Hanska, Jussi. "Catastrophe Sermons and Apocalyptic Expectations: Eudes de Châteauroux and the Earthquake of 1269 in Viterbo." In The Last Judgement in Medieval Preaching. Brepols Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sermo-eb.1.100509.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Last Judgement"
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Tomachinsky, Simeon. "Influence of Dante on the Iconographic Concept of the Last Judgement." In 4th International Conference on Education, Language, Art and Intercultural Communication (ICELAIC 2017). Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icelaic-17.2017.122.
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Heldsinger, Sandy, and Stephen Humphry. "An innovative method for teachers to formatively assess writing online." In Research Conference 2022: Reimagining assessment. Australian Council for Educational Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-685-7-1.
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Assessment is an integral component of effective teaching and a teacher’s professional judgement influences all routine aspects of their work. In the last 20 years, there has been considerable work internationally to support teachers in using assessment to improve student learning. However, there is a pressing issue that impedes teacher professional judgement being exploited to its full potential. The issue relates to teacher assessments in the context of extended performances such as essays and arises from the complexity of obtaining reliable or consistent teacher assessments of students’ work. Literature published in the United States, England and Australia details evidence of low reliability and bias in teacher assessments. As a result, despite policymakers’ willingness to consider making greater use of teachers’ judgements in summative assessment, and thus provide for greater parity of esteem between teachers’ assessment and standardised testing, few gains have been made. While low reliability of scoring is a pressing issue in contexts where the data are used for summative purposes, it also an issue for formative assessment. Inaccurate assessment necessarily impedes the effectiveness of any follow-up activity, and hence the effectiveness of formative assessment. In this session, Dr Sandy Heldsinger and Dr Stephen Humphry will share their research of writing assessment and explain how their research has led to the development of an innovative assessment process that provides the advantages of rubrics, comparative judgements and automated marking with few of the disadvantages.
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Newton, Sarah, Joel Van Hove, Michael Porter, and Gerald Ferris. "Assessing Geohazard Probability of Pipeline Failure: Lessons and Improvements From the Last 10 Years." In 2022 14th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2022-87319.
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Abstract Geohazards, consisting of geotechnical hazards where ground movements impact pipelines and hydrotechnical hazards where pipelines cross watercourses, can threaten pipeline integrity, causing leaks or ruptures. Given the vast geographies traversed by pipeline infrastructure, geohazard frequency can be high requiring triage of large inventories of identified geohazard sites. Since 2012, field screening probability of failure algorithms have been used to assess and prioritize geohazard threats to pipeline integrity. These algorithms were developed using empirical data from failure case histories, engineering judgement from geohazard professionals, and statistical rates of pipeline impact, exposure, and failure. When combined with consequences, the algorithms provide semi-quantitative risk assessments. The risk assessments are used to compare geohazard threats to other pipeline integrity threats to support cost-benefit decisions for pipeline operation. The algorithms have been applied to 243,000 sites on 440,000 km of oil and gas gathering, transmission, and distribution pipelines primarily in Canada and the United States. In this paper, lessons learned from applying probability of failure algorithms to geohazard sites over the past 10 years are shared. The algorithms have proved successful in that their use has allowed pipeline operators to focus their integrity management effort on higher probability of failure sites. Use of the algorithms also allows operators to reduce investment on low probability of failure geohazard crossings. For example, the probability of failure assessments provide justification for less frequent reinspection intervals of low probability of failure sites, while providing clear means of advocating for the need to mitigate and monitor high probability of failure geohazard sites. Over the past decade, recalibration of the algorithms has reduced conservatism in earlier versions. As well, advancements in data collection, storage, and quality assurance have been undertaken to improve accuracy. This paper describes the methods used to assess probability of failure for pipeline landslide and watercourse crossings. The use cases and limitations of the algorithms are also discussed.
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Taylor, J. V., B. Conduit, A. Dickens, C. Hall, M. Hillel, and R. J. Miller. "Predicting the Operability of Damaged Compressors Using Machine Learning." In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-91339.
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Abstract The application of machine learning to aerospace problems faces a particular challenge. For successful learning a large amount of good quality training data is required, typically tens of thousands of cases. However, due to the time and cost of experimental aerospace testing, this data is scarce. This paper shows that successful learning is possible with two novel techniques: The first technique is rapid testing. Over the last five years the Whittle Laboratory has developed a capability where rebuild and test times of a compressor stage now take 15 minutes instead of weeks. The second technique is to base machine learning on physical parameters, derived from engineering wisdom developed in industry over many decades. The method is applied to the important industry problem of predicting the effect of blade damage on compressor operability. The current approach has high uncertainty, it is based on human judgement and correlation of a handful of experimental test cases. It is shown using 100 training cases and 25 test cases that the new method is able to predict the operability of damaged compressor stages with an accuracy of 2% in a 95% confidence interval; far better than is possible by even the most experienced compressor designers. Use of the method is also shown to generate new physical understanding, previously unknown by any of the experts involved in this work. Using this method in the future offers an exciting opportunity to generate understanding of previously intractable problems in aerospace.
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Tikkanen, Seppo, Ville Ahola, and Elias Koskela. "Effect of Driver and Work Cycle on Losses of a Loader." In BATH/ASME 2018 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2018-8919.
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Improving the energy efficiency of mobile machines requires information about the initial state of the machine. This information includes knowledge of the systems and their components and of course, measurement data that is acquired during typical operation. Machine manufacturers and research institutes have carried out extensive measurement programs during the last decade. Usually, the published studies concentrated on one work cycle, the machines studied were operated by humans, and it is shown that productivity and fuel consumption are dependent on the machine design, work cycle and operator. This study concentrates on a detailed analysis of the energy consumption of a municipal loader during measured work tasks. The goal was to find out how much the driver and work cycle affect the machine’s energy consumption and energy distribution. To evaluate the real fuel consumption and energy distribution, the measurements consisted of two different work cycles that were driven by two drivers with different skill levels. The first cycle was the classic short wheel loader loading cycle, the Y-cycle. In this task, the loader was equipped with a bucket, and a pile of gravel was moved from pile A to pile B in a Y-pattern. The second cycle was the load and carry cycle in which the driver picked up a load with the forklift attachment and carried the load over a predefined distance. The major finding was that the impact of the driver and the work cycle is considerable in fuel consumption. The difference is also seen in the energy distribution in the hydraulic system and in losses and how the losses are divided. Therefore, it can be stated that test results with one driver or one cycle should not be generalized without concern and judgement of novel concepts requires several tests with different drivers and work cycles.
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Hareyama, Soichi, Kenichi Manabe, and Satoshi Kobayashi. "Evaluation for Residual Lifetime and Remaining Axial Tension to Loosening Failure on Bolted Joints Used in Long-Life Machine and Plant Equipment." In ASME 2022 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-80082.
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Abstract The bolted joints used in mechanical structures loosen owing to, for example, a decrease in the initial axial tension (clamping force) and repeated external forces in the direction perpendicular to the axis. A Junker-type loosening test used to evaluate the performance of various types of locking devices in a short period of time has been established. In such a test, it is possible to compare the loosening performance characteristics of various bolted joints and locking devices. However, it has not been possible to absolutely determine the period of time that they can maintain their initial locking performance. This paper presents a method of estimating the absolute locking performance of bolted joints. The absolute evaluation of self-loosening is indispensable for the prediction of the lifetime of locking devices (parts and methods) in actual machines. From the results of our experimental study, we found a strong linear correlation on logarithmic coordinates between the decreases in axial tension (measured/initial axial tension) and the number of operations (or working time or mileage) since the last tightening. The loosening phenomenon of bolted joints can be observed as the tendency of the initial or residual axial tension to decrease. By utilizing the regression formula at logarithmic coordinates, we show an estimation method for residual axial tension to answer various questions such as “How much of the axial tension remains after tens of thousands of hours (operations)?” Therefore, it is possible to determine to what extent can the bolted joints of long-life machines and plant equipment in medium-to-long-term use be considered to loosening failure. Finally, we describe the judgement criterion for loosening. We examine evaluation criteria such as “Is the residual axial tension sufficient for the prevention of loosening failure?” The limit surface pressure is examined as the upper limit axial tension. As the lower limit axial tension, the allowable value of the external transverse force is examined.
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Hicks, Tim, Matt White, Tamara Baldwin, et al. "Design Options for the UK’s ILW Geological Disposal Facility." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16241.
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Over the last few years, a major national programme of public consultation has been under way in the UK resulting, in 2006, in the announcement by government of geological disposal as the most appropriate solution for the long-term management of the UK’s long-lived and higher-activity radioactive waste and the launch, in 2008, of an implementation programme. The approach being pursued is to solicit volunteer communities to host a geological disposal facility, which may contain not only intermediate-level waste (ILW) and some low-level waste (LLW), but also high-level waste (HLW), any spent fuel (SF) declared as waste, and potentially other materials that may be declared as waste. These wastes have different physical, chemical, thermal and radiological characteristics, and different concepts will be required to accommodate their disposal, potentially in a single facility. The volunteer approach means that the geological environment that might eventually emerge as the preferred location is not known at the outset. Indeed, the siting process may require evaluation of several different geological environments because the UK has rich geological variability for such a small landmass. Consequently, the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA), which is charged with designing, developing and implementing a geological disposal facility, has investigated facility designs that could be appropriate for a wide range of host rocks and geological environments. This paper presents the results of a project carried out on behalf of the NDA to collate and report information on concepts for the geological disposal of ILW/LLW; a separate project carried out a parallel evaluation of options for disposing of HLW and SF. Initially, the range of geological disposal facility design options available worldwide for the disposal of ILW/LLW was evaluated. Nine disposal concepts were identified and reviewed that would cater for any geological environment likely to arise in the UK. These concepts have different engineering and operational aspects. The appropriateness of each option for implementation in five different generic geological environments was assessed using expert judgement, with input from the NDA, consultants and the UK regulatory agencies. The paper presents a set of generic designs derived from the study and discusses the key issues that would need to be addressed should any of these designs be considered for implementation in specific geological environments in the UK. The findings of this work are intended to provide a resource to support comparisons of alternative disposal concepts and the identification of designs suitable for the disposal of UK ILW/LLW in different geological environments.
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Madushanka, T. H., and K. A. T. O. Ranadewa. "Challenges for last planner system implementation; Sri Lankan construction industry perspective." In Independence and interdependence of sustainable spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2022.22.
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In a rapidly moving world, it is imperative to adopt the latest tools and techniques for the Sri Lankan construction industry to survive in the global market. The Last Planner System (LPS) is one such tool that sets out a proper communication medium and regulates the workflow throughout the construction by individual phase monitoring and remedying the process. Yet, the implementation of LPS is still in the infancy stage in Sri Lanka. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the potential challenges of implementing LPS within the Sri Lankan construction industry. Nine industry experts were identified by judgemental sampling, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data related to the research under the qualitative approach. Content analysis was used to analyse the data using NVIVO. The research identified 42 challenges pertaining to five LPS stages for the Sri Lankan construction industry. Further, the Master planning and Phase planning stages are crucial as it has many challenges during the implementation compared to other stages. It is recommended to identify the specific challenges concerning each firm’s infrastructure for successful LPS implementation in the Sri Lankan construction industry. This research uncovers further areas to identify the strategies to minimize the identified LPS implementation challenges.
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Menon, Shankar, Luis Valencia, and Lucien Teunckens. "The Nuclear Decommissioner and the Regulation of Low Dose Radiation." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4665.
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The management of the large quantities of very low level radioactive material that arise during the decommissioning of the increasing numbers of nuclear power stations reaching the end of their commercially useful lives, has become a major subject of discussion. This has very significant economic implications for the nuclear decommissioner. Much larger quantities — 2–3 orders of magnitude larger — of material, radiologically similar to the candidate material for recycling from the nuclear industry, arise in non-nuclear industries like coal, fertiliser, oil and gas, mining, etc. In such industries, naturally occurring radioactivity is artificially concentrated in products, by-products or waste to form TENORM (Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material). It is only in the last decade that the international community has become aware of the prevalence of TENORM, specially the activity levels and quantities arising in so many non-nuclear industries. The first reaction of international organisations seems to have been to propose different standards for the nuclear and non-nuclear industries, with very stringent release criteria for radioactive material from the regulated nuclear industry and up to thirty to a hundred times more liberal criteria for the release/exemption of TENORM from the as yet unregulated non-nuclear industries. The radiological effects of these TENORM releases have recently been dramatically highlighted by the Marina II study, which showed that over 90% of the total exposures of the European population from discharges into the North European marine waters are from radioactive discharges from non-nuclear industries. The results of an international project to validate, by actual measurement, dose calculation codes RESRAD-RECYCLE (USA) and CERISE (France) for recycling, have indicated an overestimation of doses by the codes by an order of magnitude. For the nuclear decommissioner and other producers of large volumes of slightly radioactively contaminated material, clearance levels determined on the basis of such a degree of conservatism in calculations can lead to huge volumes of material unnecessarily being condemned to burial as radioactive waste. Earlier estimates of the quantitative risk levels of exposure to ionising radiation have almost exclusively been based on doses taken by exposed populations of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (ICRP 60). The populations studied have been exposed to over 200 mSv at a dose rate of 6 Sv/s. The effects of such high dose/dose-rate exposure are being used as the basis for risk judgment at doses/dose-rates lower by a factor 1012–1015. The validity of such an extrapolation in risk judgement is an area of prime interest for discussion. In this connection, an interesting development, for both the nuclear and non-nuclear industries, is the increased scientific scrutiny that the populations of naturally high background dose level areas of the world are being subject to. Preliminary biological studies have indicated that the inhabitants of such areas, exposed to many times the permitted occupational doses for nuclear workers, have not shown any differences in cancer mortality, life expectancy, chromosome aberrations or immune function, in comparison with those living in normal background areas. The paper discusses these and other strategic issues regarding the management of redundant low radiation material from both the nuclear and non-nuclear industries, underlining the need for consistency in regulatory treatment.
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Torres-Cuevas, Isabel, Salvador Pérez Garrido, Sergio Rius Pérez, and Laura Marqués Martínez. "Impacto de la metodología Online vs Presencial en las prácticas de Ciencias de la Salud." In IN-RED 2021: VII Congreso de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/inred2021.2021.13466.
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New pedagogical methodologies in the field of health sciences are a necessary and important tool for students in training. At the moment we are living an exceptional situation due to the "COVID" pandemic. This has forced us to implement new learning methodologies. In the present study we evaluated the acquisition of basic competences for the application of knowledge, communication and interpretation of relevant data to make judgements in practices in students of the health sciences degree who carried out theoretical lessons and online practices using new tools and methodologies in comparison with students who carried out lectures and practices prior to COVID. The participants in the study were n=441 nursing and dentistry students, who were divided into 2 study groups; master class Group, and Online Group. A questionnaire was carried out to assess the acquisition of knowledge and the degree of satisfaction. The results obtained showed a significant increase in the maximum number of questions answered correctly and a higher degree of satisfaction of the students in the online group. We can conclude that the implementation of online classes and the application of new educational innovation methodologies in internships show better results in the acquisition of knowledge.