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1
Thomson, Andrea. "Marriage and marriage breakdown in late twentieth-century Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5764/.
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Focussing on Scotland, this thesis adds a new perspective to the existing discussion surrounding marriage and marriage breakdown in the late twentieth century. It is the lived reality of marriage and marriage breakdown which is a key focus, using oral history and a range of contemporary and archival source materials. Whilst a renewed discursive emphasis on the 'companionate marriage' in the immediate post-war period is evident, in line with the social reconstruction ethos of the period, there existed alongside such enthusiasm a number of alternative, and often conflicting, contemporary discourses. With significant implications for marriage and family relations, sociologists and historians identify a further profound discursive shift as occurring during the 1970s, emphasising the increased availability of contraception, the emergence of second-wave feminism in Britain and landmark equality legislation as crucial factors intertwined with this. Perceived advances in terms of both mainstream ideology and legislation, including, for example, a revived feminist consciousness and the 1976 Divorce (Scotland) Act, did not influence marriage in a discursive vacuum but instead are likely to have integrated and competed not only with generic ideals regarding appropriate gender roles but also embedded local patterns of gender relations. Oral history is a particularly appropriate methodology with which to address this topic as it permits an otherwise unattainable insight into the experience of day-to-day life. Additional source materials drawn on include parliamentary, ecclesiastical and sociological commentary.
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Cranmer, Andrew W. "Marriage and sanctity in the lives of late medieval married saints." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ65614.pdf.
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Grubbs, Judith Evans. "Law and family in late antiquity : the emperor Constantine's marriage legislation /." Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1995. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/278979092.pdf.
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Grubbs, Judith Evans. "Law and family in late Antiquity : the emperor Constantine's marriage legislation /." Oxford (GB) : Oxford university press, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40041584s.
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Beattie, Cordelia. "Meanings of singleness : the single woman in late medieval England." Thesis, University of York, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10904/.
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Finch, Andrew John. "Crime and marriage in three late medieval ecclesiastical jurisdictions : Cerisy, Rochester and Hereford." Thesis, University of York, 1988. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4237/.
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Goldberg, Peter Jeremy Piers. "Female labour, status and marriage in late medieval York and other English towns." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/265603.
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The dissertation employs three major resources, viz. wills, poll tax returns and deposition material from the Church court, to explore a range of issues relating to the role of women in the urban economy of later medieval England. Despite the use of York material by way of a case study, an attempt has been made to set this evidence within a wider national and, to a more limited degree, European context. The relationship between women's economic opportunities and the prevailing marriage regime, and the social arrangements that underpin that regime, have been explored. Consideration has been given to the institution of service as a life-cycle function for both sexes, the nature and duration of service, the mechanisms by which servants were hired, and the relations between. servants and employers. The range of female economic activity has been fully examined and evidence presented for both regional and secular variation. The case argued is that the early emotional independence from I parents created by service, and the possibility of real economic independence outside marriage through servanthood and other employment, permitted women a degree of freedom to reach their own decisions about marriage and choice of marriage partner. This view implicitly challenges those analyses of nuptiality that ignore gender-specific differences in economic and emotional circumstances. The evidence assembled suggests that a characteristically north-western marriage regime prevailed within urban Yorkshire from the later fourteenth century, and points to a significant proportion of women achieving adulthood without ever marrying. The evidence further suggests profound changes in the status and opportunities of female workers in response to wider demographic fluctuations. It may be that in certain Northern towns of the ear ly fifteenth century women enjoyed a fuller economic role than at any subsequent period before the latter part of this present century. By the end of that century, however, women's economic role was becoming marginalised and women may have become more dependent upon marriage : Similarly the status of female servants was eroded and more women may have been forced into prostitution and associated petty crime as males displaced them from more rewarding (and legal) economic activity.
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Heyworth, Melanie. "Be rihtre æwe: legislating and regulating marital morality in late Anglo-Saxon England." University of Sydney. Arts. Centre for Medieval Studies, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1020.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)This thesis examines some projects of moral regulation, implemented by the agents of the church and king in the late Anglo-Saxon period, which sought to modify and govern marital conduct. Theories of moral regulation are analysed in the Introduction, which also examines Germanic marriage practices, as far as they can be recovered, and the Anglo-Saxon church’s inherited attitudes towards marriage. Manuscripts and texts are examined firstly as projects of moral regulation, and secondly as projects which attempted to alter marital behaviour. In Chapter 1, moral regulation is situated within the context of the Benedictine reform through the examination of one manuscript – Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 201 – as a case-study in the cooperative efforts of the church and king to regulate society. In particular, the legislative and penitential texts which are compiled in MS 201 bear witness to the tendency in late Anglo-Saxon England for legislation to be moralised, and for morality to be legislated. MS 201 also includes the unique copy of the Old English translation of Apollonius of Tyre, and the marital morality inscribed therein perhaps accounts for its inclusion in this predominantly Wulfstanian manuscript. In Chapter 2 the riddles recorded in the Exeter Book are interpreted as literary exercises in regulation. This chapter establishes the possible moral and regulatory agenda of the Exeter Book riddles by offering a new interpretation of, and solution to, one riddle. It also analyses the marriages made manifest in some of the so-called ‘double entendre’ riddles, which regulate the moral relationship following Pauline exegesis: emphasis in these riddles is on the sanctity of marriage, wifely obedience, and the payment of the conjugal debt. Conversely, Ælfric, in his Lives of Saints, idealises marriage as characterised by the absence of all sexual relations. In his Life of St Agnes (examined in Chapter 3), and in his Lives of married saints (SS Julian and Basilissa, SS Cecilia and Valerian, and SS Chrysanthus and Daria, examined in Chapter 4), Ælfric makes non-sexual, companionable, and loving marriage morally paradigmatic. Whilst both marriage and morality have been studied by modern critics, neither topic has inspired extended, specific study (with a few, notable, exceptions), and the nexus between these two topics has been hitherto unacknowledged. Although new, and often profound, insight is gained into Anglo-Saxon texts by considering them in the context of moral regulation, the morality they propose, as well as the regulatory process used to impose that morality, varies across context, text, genre, and author. This conclusion is also true for marital morality, Anglo-Saxon perceptions of which differed in each of the texts chosen for evaluation. This thesis does not claim to be comprehensive; nor does it attempt to synthesise attitudes towards marriage and morality, since a synthesis does not do justice to the richness or complexity with which this topic was treated. It is hoped that this thesis will provide insight into not only individual Anglo-Saxon attitudes towards marriage but also processes of regulation and social control, and, indeed, into the intersection between attitudes and processes.
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Payne, Krista Kay. "Marital Timing and Earnings over the Life Course." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1332091188.
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Gianfalla, Jennifer Mary. "Romancing the Other: Non-Christian and Interfaith Marriage in Late Middle English Literature, 1300-1450." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243002784.
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Peterson, Katrina M. "Humor, Characterization, Plot: The Role of Secondary Characters in Late Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Marriage Novels." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1303262727.
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Keuer, Andrew J. "The mysteries of order and agonism in late modern conjugal-sexual ethics : an Augustinian proposal in conversation with William E. Connolly." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=228638.
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This thesis provides a constructive theology of Christian marriage rooted in an Augustinian Trinitarian grammar of order. In conversation with a contemporary agonistic ethicist, William Connolly, I identify sensibilities in the Augustinian tradition that I argue need reemphasis in late modern times. Section One consists of three chapters, each of which analyzes William Connolly's interpretation of the biblical texts that he engages to contest an “Augustinian” reading which projects a natural order that promises to attune self and society. In chapter one I look at Connolly's ethic of self-formation that emerges from his sower parable, detailing the relation between the cultivation of the self, marriage, and sexuality in late modernity. Chapter two turns to Connolly's reading of the Edenic narrative, attending to his normative ethic of responsibility to the agon that offers strategies for inverting gender hierarchy that he claims Augustine reifies. Chapter three focuses on the biblical book of Job through which Connolly argues that Augustinian apophatic order produces an inferior ethics of compassion in comparison to an ontology of fugitive abundance. Section Two of the thesis shifts focus to two groups of Augustine's writings: the Cassiciacum dialogues and Confessions (with contemporaneously published treatises on marriage and celibacy). Chapter four finds an early Augustinian ecclesiology at Cassiciacum in which a community inclusive of contemplative and domestic forms of life together become a mode of indirect contemplation of the Triune God who orders all things. In chapter five, I interpret Augustine's famous conversion narrative in Book 8 of Confessions, claiming his learning to “read” the sacred sign of marriage in the Milanese catholic church was essential to his exercising faith in the Incarnate Son.
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Uluduz, Ozlem. "Changing Patterns Of Marriage And Family In England From The Late Medieval To The Early Modern Ages." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/761387/index.pdf.
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ABSTRACT
CHANGING PATTERNS OF MARRIAGE AND FAMILY IN ENGLAND FROM THE LATE MEDIEVAL TO THE EARLY MODERN AGES
ULUDÜZ, Ö
ZLEM M.S. Department of History Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Recep Boztemur August 2003, 132 pages This thesis analyzes the changing patterns of the institutions of family and marriage in England. The period covers the late medieval ages to the early modern ages until the middle of the eighteenth century, 1753, which represents the acceptance of an important Act on marriage by the English Parliament that ended ambiguities on the law of marriage. This study attempts to investigate the family institution and marriage practices of England, which represented a different character from other European countries throughout the period. Many important historical factors occurred throughout the period, which influenced the family structure and marriage practices such as the Reformation. Within this framework, throughout this thesis, the religious, political, economic and social factors that paved the way for transition in family and marriage will be analyzed. iii
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Cane, Fiona Eloïse. "Late(r) diagnosis of ASC : using parent narratives to understand the contextual factors associated with later diagnosis and its impact on children and families." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6290/.
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‘Early diagnosis’ of Autism Spectrum Conditions (‘ASC’ hereafter) is often promoted as universally beneficial. Despite research identifying the earliest possible reliable diagnoses (at 14-24 months), many are diagnosed later in childhood, adolescence or adulthood. This study aims to: (i) explore the reasons for later diagnoses of ASC; and (ii) understand the impact of this on parents. Narrative methodology (including narrative interviews), afforded the unique benefit of keeping individual, chronological stories intact. This allowed exploration of both explanatory narratives (reasons for later diagnosis) and descriptive narratives (impact of later diagnosis) of two parents of young people who had received a ‘later’ diagnosis of ASC (aged 12 years and 16 years). Findings suggest that later diagnoses were interpreted to have arisen from a complex and highly individualised web of interacting factors. There were considerable differences in parental perceptions of the most beneficial time for the diagnosis, in hindsight. I advocate, therefore, an interactionist conceptualisation of ASC across the lifespan, and suggest that ‘early’ diagnosis is not always possible, necessary or beneficial. I invite further research to build upon these findings, with the ultimate aim of improving experiences and outcomes for children, young people and adults with autism and their families.
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Livesey, Ruth. "Women, class and social action in late-Victorian and Edwardian London." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36339/.
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This thesis explores the relationship between class, gender and feminist identity through an examination of women's involvement in philanthropy and social reform in London from 1870 to 1906. Middle-class women's engagement in such work — termed collectively here as 'social action' — has long been claimed as the nursery of first-wave feminist political identity. Numerous historians have framed social action as the means by which women moved from the 'private' to the 'public' sphere and the ground where women developed their claim to a place in national political life in the three decades prior to the upsurge of suffrage campaigning in 1906. Whilst agreeing with this broad narrative of the relationship between social action and feminism, the thesis addresses the lack of discussion of class differences between women in the existing literature on the subject. The forms of social action examined in detail in this thesis were predicated upon this very difference between women: on the belief in the power of the lady to reshape the bodies, characters, homes and workplaces of poor women. Women social activists themselves had a central role in making identities of class, through the dissemination of their expert opinions on the domestic life of the urban poor. In the context of the changing understanding of duty in the later nineteenth century the thesis argues that the agency of femininity in effecting social change came to be seen as of less significance as the century progressed. Women social activists instead drew upon codes of class to justify their work, constructing themselves as authoritative professionals, licenced to speak and act for working-class women. The thesis brings to the fore the (often strained and contested) encounters between lady social activists and the women and men who were their objects of reform using detailed case studies of philanthropic rent-collecting schemes, the London Charity Organisation Society and the women's factory inspectorate. It concludes that social action was indeed the material from which modern feminist identity made itself, but that this identity was founded on middle-class women's differentiation of themselves from working-class women.
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Jogerst, Gerald J., Shimin Zheng, Elena V. Frolova, and Mee Young Kim. "Late-Life Depressive Symptoms: An International Study." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/43.
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Objectives. Evaluate differences in depressive symptoms, compare sociodemographic and health-related variables associated with depressive symptoms and report level of impact of depressive symptoms on daily activities.
Methods. Cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) diagnostic survey on 1115 patients aged 60–93 years who attended a primary care clinic in Korea, Russia or USA.
Results. At least mild depression (PHQ-9 score of ≥5) occurred in 28% of Koreans, 65% of Russian and 27% of US participants. Russians scored more depressed on all PHQ-9 items (P < 0.01) and more suicidal thoughts (P < 0.001), while Koreans had less feelings of worthlessness (P < 0.001). Depression predictors included poorer self-rated health [odds ratio (OR) 2.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.84–3.33, P < 0.0001], chronic diseases (OR 1.34, CI 1.21–1.48, P < 0.0001), female gender (OR 1.56, CI 1.15–2.12, P = 0.0046) and religious attendance (OR 0.88, CI 0.79–0.97, P = 0.0099) for all subjects. Being employed was protective in Korea (OR 0.41, CI 0.21–0.77, P = 0.0061) and being married (OR 0.42, CI 0.27–0.66, P = 0.0002) and of older age (OR 0.95, CI 0.93–0.98, P = 0.0006) protective in US participants. Vascular disease was associated with depressive symptoms in Russia (OR 3.47, CI 1.23–9.80, P = 0.0187). In regression analyses stratified by country for a given level of depressive symptoms, the Russian sample had less impact on daily activities (Russia R2 = 0.107 versus Korea R2 = 0.211 and US R2 = 0.419) P = 0.029.
Conclusions. Depressive symptoms were more common in Russia than in Korea and USA but had less impact on daily functioning. Cultural or environmental factors may account for this finding.
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Steyn, Rian Stephanus. "Die impak van die postmodernisme op voorhuwelikse verhoudings : 'n pastorale studie / R.S. Steyn." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/887.
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The shift from Modernism to Postmodernism had a dramatic impact on different spheres
of life, especially on premarital relationships. The Song of songs has been used as
basis theory in this study on premarital relationships. The study attempts to lay down
guidelines for premarital relationships from the conviction that human relationships are
grounded in God's love for man. The perspectives which have became evident are
developed and evaluated through the meta-theory. Any study on young people in
relationships must consider changes in society due to the fact that young people perform
an important seismographic function. This is due to the fact that they are not only deeply
affected by these changes but are also acting as indicators for the demands and
challenges that changing times has on people and relationships. The lifecycle from late
adolescence to early adulthood is studied. Special focus is given to different areas of
development in this lifecycle as well as to different relationships young people are
involved with. Qualitative interviews have been used to determine the effect of the
Postmodernism and the specific lifecycle on young people in premarital relationships. A
practice-orientated theoretical framework for pastoral guidance of young people in
premarital relationships is drafted.Thesis (Ph.D. (Pastoral))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.
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Cahif, Jacqueline. "'She supposes herself cured' : almshouse women and venereal disease in late eighteenth and early nineteenth century Philadelphia." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2303/.
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This dissertation will explore the lives, experiences and medical histories of diseased almshouse women living in late eighteenth and early nineteenth century Philadelphia. During this period Philadelphia matured from being a relatively small colonial city into a major manufacturing metropolis. Venereal disease was omnipresent in America’s major port city, and diseased residents were surrounded by a thriving medical marketplace. Historians have identified the “who and why” of prostitution, however the scope of the prostitute experience has yet to be fully explored. This dissertation will address a considerable and important gap in the historiography of prostitutes’ lives as it actually affected women. Venereal disease was an ever present threat for women engaging in prostitution, however casual, and historians have yet to illuminate the narrower aspects of the already shadowy lives of such women. Whether intentionally or by omission, historians have often denied agency to prostitutes and the diseased women associated with them, the effect of which has drained this group of sometimes assertive women of any individuality. While some women lived in circumstances and carried out activities that came to the attention of the courts, others lived more understated lives. A large proportion of the women in this study led the lives of “ordinary” women, and prostitution per se was not the only focal point of their existence. For many almshouse women their only unifying variables were disease, time and place. While prostitutes were often victims of economic adversity, they made a choice to engage in prostitution in the face of hardship and sickness. The overall aim is to consider the diseased female patient’s perspective, in an effort to illuminate how she confronted venereal infection within the context of the medical marketplace. This includes the actions she took, and how she negotiated with those in positions of authority, whose aim was sometimes -although not always- to curtail her activities. As many diseased women became more acquainted with the poor relief system of medical welfare, they were able to manipulate the lack of coherent strategy “from above”, which left room for assertive behaviour “from below”. Diseased women did not always use the almshouse as a last resort-institution as historians often have us believe. Many selected the infirmary wing as opposed to other outlets of healthcare in Philadelphia, a city that was often labelled the crucible of medicine. There is also an oft-believed notion that prostitutes and lower class women suffering from venereal disease were habitually saturated with mercury “punitive-style” as treatment for their condition. This argument does not hold for those women who were cared for in the venereal ward of the almshouse’s infirmary wing. Broadly speaking, almshouse doctors did not sanction drastic depletion and the use of mercury compounds unless deemed absolutely necessary. Many almshouse doctors adopted a different therapeutic approach as compared with that of Benjamin Rush and his followers who dominated therapy at the Pennsylvania Hospital, a voluntary institution mostly closed off to venereal women. Such medical differences reflected wider transformations in ideas of disease causation, therapeutic approaches, medical education as well as doctor-patient relationships.
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Forward, Stephanie. "Attitudes to marriage in the late nineteenth century, with special reference to the lives and works of Olive Schreiner, Mona Caird, Sarah Grand and George Egerton." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327724.
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Ngan, Yi-wan Prinnie, and 顔綺雲. "A study of the rights of self-determination in marriage of Chinese women and their position in the family from the late Ch'ingto the May Fourth period." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31948698.
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Buddery, Paul Geoffrey. "Comedy's current concerns : George Meredith's political spirit in the 'Essay on comedy' and three late novels, 1877-1895 (The egoist, One of our conquerors, The amazing marriage)." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298289.
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Ng, Yin-ling. "The role of global culture and values in regard to the family life cycle in Hong Kong with specific regard to young adults' perceptions of marriage, parenthood and family responsibility in late modernity." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/22782/.
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Globalization is changing the traditional models of family and family interaction. Considerable social, economic and demographic changes have taken place in advanced societies, leading to wide-ranging changes in the family. In Hong Kong, young people’s perception on family seems changing rapidly as well. This study attempts to explore and examine the possible effects of global culture and values on local Chinese cultural heritage with specific regard to young adults’ perceptions on marriage, parenthood and family obligation in the global world of late modernity where conditions of risks and uncertainties require careful illumination. The emphasis is upon the ways in which local Chinese culture responds to globalization from the perspective of family developmental theory and eco-systemic approach. The research is a cross-sectional multi-methods exploration of attitudes held by young people about family building in Hong Kong, utilizing focus groups, survey and individual interviews as the key research techniques. It adopts non-probability sampling in the three stages of the research that includes a mix of purposive and snowball sampling in six focus groups; quota sampling in a survey with 1132 young people being interviewed and purposive sampling in semi-structured interviews. The findings suggest that in Hong Kong society, traditional Chinese moral values are still emphasized and endorsed, but it is observed that some western global values have begun to take root and these values might, according to the findings, be increasingly represented within the Hong Kong young people’s values systems. Today young people experience challenges and changes in family-related roles and personal lifestyles. Complete transition to adulthood has been delayed with increased dependence on parents. The consequences of this for Hong Kong family life remains however an unfolding story. In addition, this study examines various constraints to family building and implications for new policy and programme responses are discussed as well.
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Garland, L. "Conventions of love and marriage in late Byzantine literature : An analysis of Byzantine attitudes towards sexual relationships and the concept of romantic love, with especial reference to popular and learned romance genres in Byzantium." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371647.
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Pearce-Novatney, June Elizabeth. "Stepparent/stepchild relationships in late life marriages." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1060613776.
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Fernández, Iturrate Íñigo. "Life as a couple in the late 20th and early 21st centuries: how do men's and women's socioeconomic resources influence union stability?" Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/392640.
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This thesis evaluates whether the increasing socioeconomic resources of women and men and the distribution of work within the couple have an effect on union instability. On the one hand, it assesses each spouse’s satisfaction with the union, testing the differences between partners in their perceptions of the quality of the marriage. On the other hand, it studies the stability of the relationship, focusing on the risk of dissolution over time and differentiating between cohabiting and married unions. The focus is on the factors that account for this stability and whether their effects differ by type of couple, both from the perspective of the individual (distinguishing between men and women) and of the couple. The findings suggest that the nature of marriage is different from that of cohabitation and that cohabiting partners are more susceptible to the internal and external negative conditions that unions have to deal with. Finally, the thesis demonstrates that it is important to take into account, if possible, the responses of both partners.Esta tesis evalúa si el incremento en los recursos socioeconómicos de mujeres y hombres y la distribución del trabajo dentro de la pareja afectan a la estabilidad de la unión. Por un lado, investiga la satisfacción individual con la pareja, investigando las diferencias en las percepciones de la calidad de la relación. Por otro lado, estudia la estabilidad de la relación, centrándose en el riesgo de separación en el tiempo y diferenciando entre parejas que cohabitan y parejas que se casan. En concreto, analiza los factores que pueden incidir en la estabilidad y comprueba si sus efectos difieren por tipo de pareja desde una perspectiva individual (diferenciando entre hombres y mujeres) y desde una perspectiva de pareja. Los resultados de los análisis parecen indicar que la naturaleza del matrimonio es diferente de la naturaleza de la cohabitación y que los cohabitantes son más vulnerables a las condiciones negativas, tanto internas como externas, a las que tienen que hacer frente las parejas. Por último, esta tesis demuestra que es importante, si es posible, tener en cuenta la información de los dos miembros de la pareja.
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Alwis, Anne Priyani. "The celibate marriages of saints and martyrs in late antiquity." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-celibate-marriages-of-saints-and-martyrs-in-late-antiquity(d611b348-4513-42e8-aeef-dab96a579e41).html.
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Wood, Natasha. "Marriage and physical capability at mid to later life." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1532864/.
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Research has shown that married men and women have better physical and psychological health and greater longevity than their unmarried counterparts. However, the past 50 years have witnessed changes in the marriage and divorce rates, resulting in more people at older ages who are unmarried or with varied relationship histories. Given the strong association between marriage and health there could potentially be more people at older ages in poorer health, which may be particularly detrimental given the ageing population. Whilst there is much research looking at marriage and physical and psychological health there is little on marriage and physical capability. Physical capability is the capacity to perform the physical tasks of daily living and is predictive of mortality and future social care use. This PhD investigates the relationship between marriage and physical capability at mid to later life using two measures – grip strength and walking speed – from two nationally representative datasets of people aged 50 years and over in England and the USA. Cross-sectional associations between marriage and physical capability are investigated in a comparative analysis between England and the USA, and longitudinal associations through examining changes in walking speed over a ten year period in England. A descriptive analysis of early life circumstances and its association with entry into and exit out of marriage in England and the USA is also carried out. Findings show that married people had both higher levels of current physical capability and a slower decline in physical capability over time than their unmarried counterparts. Much of the “marriage advantage” is explained by their greater wealth, but there were some unexplained associations, particularly among widowed men. There were few gender and country differences in the association. The results of this thesis suggest that marriage is important for maintaining physical capability for people at mid to later life in England and the USA.
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Olson, Chad D. "Sooner or Later? Parents' Marital Horizons for Their Emerging Adult Children." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2296.pdf.
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Ngan, Yi-wan Prinnie. "A study of the rights of self-determination in marriage of Chinese women and their position in the family from the late Ch'ing to the May Fourth period Wan Qing zhi wu si shi qi Zhongguo fu nü hun yin zi zhu quan ji jia ting di wei de tan tao/." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1985. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31948698.
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Bulanda, Jennifer Roebuck. "MARRIAGE IN LATER LIFE: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARITAL QUALITY, HEALTH, AND DIVORCE." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1150401607.
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Blair, Lorraine. "Comrade wives : different marriages under the shadow of Toynbee Hall in late Victorian and Edwardian England." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323280.
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Vial, Dumas Manuel. "Derecho, muerte y matrimonio: la familia matrimonial en el Mediterráneo cristiano, desde la Antigüedad al final de la Edad Media." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/403848.
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The thesis analyzes the evolution of family structures in the field of Christian Mediterranean, from Antiquity to the end of the Middle Ages. The first part focuses on the transition from an extensive family structure, centred in the father’s death as the cause that generates legal-economic spheres (that is, families), to a nuclear family centred in the marriage as the originator of these spheres. This change occurs mainly in the Late Antiquity. For the special juridical configuration of the nuclear family in the studied area it is proposed a new denomination: the matrimonial family.
The second part of the paper makes a comparative examination of the Hispanic, Italian and Greek (Byzantium) areas. The main elements to be compared are the social and economic development, the children’s emancipation, the rules of succession and the distribution modes of family’s patrimonies. As regards this comparison it is found that the structure of the matrimonial family, in all the areas studied, support the distinction between matrimonial family with no property transfer and with transfer of property. Finally it is analyzed, the crisis of the matrimonial family in all the areas studied, at the end of the Middle Ages.La tesis analiza la evolución de las estructuras familiares en el ámbito del Mediterráneo cristiano desde la Antigüedad hasta el final de la Edad Media. La primera parte se centra en el paso de una familia de estructura extensa centrada en la muerte del padre como generadora de esferas jurídico-patrimoniales (es decir, de familias), a una familia nuclear centrada en el matrimonio como hecho generador de dichas esferas. Dicho cambio se produce, sobre todo, en la Antigüedad tardía. Para la especial configuración jurídica de dicha familia nuclear en el área estudiada se propone la denominación de familia matrimonial. En la segunda parte del trabajo, se realiza un examen comparativo entre las zonas hispánica, italiana y griega (Bizancio), los principales elementos a comparar son la realidad social y económica, la emancipación de los hijos, las reglas de la sucesión y los modos de distribución del patrimonio familiar. A propósito de dicha comparación se comprueba que la estructura de dicha familia matrimonial, en todas las zonas estudiadas, admite la clasificación entre familia matrimonial con transferencia de bienes y sin transferencia de bienes. Por último se analiza la crisis que, en el ámbito nobiliario, sufrió la familia matrimonial al final de la Edad Media en todas las zonas estudiadas.
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Vespa, Jonathan Edward. "Union Formation in Later Life: The Economic Determinants of Cohabitation and Marriage Among Older Adults." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275053530.
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Arsene, Camelia V. "The quality of parent-child relationship and health in later life." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3112/.
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Background: Epidemiological studies have shown that social and emotional support can protect against premature mortality and prevent illness. The longterm consequences of poor parent-child relationships on adult mental health have been a major focus of research. Much less attention has been directed towards the effects on physical health outcomes. Objective: Based on the life course model, this thesis assessed the extent to which child-parent relationships influence physical health in later life. Methods: The dissertation was based on a systematic review of longitudinal studies linking parent-child relationships and physical health in adulthood, and on secondary data-analyses of the Christchurch Health and Development Study. The role played by different confounders and mediators was discussed. The analyses were based on multivariate regression methods. Results: Most of the systematic review studies showed a positive association between poor parenting and health in later life. Supportive of the association were studies on general health relying on self-reports. Non-supportive were studies looking at mortality and rare diseases and relying on official records. Some of the studies presented their findings in relation to gender, girls being more likely to somatise in adolescence or in adulthood. An association was found for the Christchurch Health and Development Study between the quality of parent-child relationship and hospital admission or the number of doctor visits. These effects were more pronounced in females. Overall, adjusting for different confounders and mediators added some information, but did not replace the effect of the exposure variables on the outcomes. Conclusion: More research is required in understanding how the early behavioural, environmental and social factors work together in the development of long term health outcomes. Given the growing evidence of the long term effects of poor parent-child relationships, greater efforts are clearly needed in developing effective strategies for prevention and intervention.
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Hill, Alison. "Care in the context of marriages in later life : an analysis of experiences and perceptions." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2007. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14640/.
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This study is concerned with care in the context of later life marriages. Taking a qualitative approach, it explores how forty spouses experienced and made sense of care within their marriages. From the data that these spouses provide in joint interviews, it identifies how they supported and cared for each other and how they sought to maintain their relationships and life styles in the face of disability. It also reflects on how within their care experiences these men and women strove'to preserve not only their spousal roles and identities but also their autonomy as couples. Thus it emphasises that they experienced and made sense of care both as individuals and as couples and how this duality resulted in care practices and constructs that supported and challenged gendered care expectations. This study also looks at the couples' support networks, in particular what care the spouses were prepared to accept from whom and teases out their reasons for their choices. This reveals that they understood care in terms oftheir relationships; it was about being a spouse, a relative, a friend and a neighbour. Hence, their acceptance and provision of care were underpilUJ.ed by their values and moral principles, and in particular reciprocity and fairness, that structured their personal and formal relationships. Within this context the use of services offered them a morally acceptable means ofmeeting their care needs and protecting their informal relationships. This study also gathered interview data from fifteen home service providers to examine how they experienced supporting older couples and how they understood the use ofthis service by such service users. From a comparison ofthese data with how the spouses perceived serviceuse, significant implications for social policy and care practice emerge.
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Torrance, David Alan. "Christian kinship : relatedness in Christian practice and moral thought." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/269744.
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Ideas of kinship play a significant role in structuring everyday life, and yet kinship has been neglected in Christian ethics, as well as moral philosophy and bioethics. Attention has been paid in these disciplines to the ethics of ‘family,’ but little regard has been paid to the fact that kinship is not a given, but is culturally contingent. The thesis seeks to remedy the neglect in recent Christian theological ethics by drawing on resources from the history of Christian thought and practice. It uses social anthropology both to unsettle the accounts of kinship used in Christian ethics, and to expose elements in Christian traditions of thought and practice relating to kinship. Notions of shared bodily substance, the house, gender and personhood recur cross-culturally in giving shape to kinship. By examining these four notions as they inform Christian thought and practice, a theological account is developed. Chapters dedicated to each of these four attempt to provide, in the first instance, a descriptive account of how the notion has structured Christian thought and practice in relation to kinship. Each chapter then turns, in the second instance, to a critical mode, offering a theological treatment of the chapter topic as it bears on kinship. The thesis concludes that kinship in Christ should be considered normatively primary for the Christian, but also that there are ways in which Christians have honoured this kinship in Christ by organising and playing out kinship on a smaller scale. In detailing the distinctively Christian organising principles that structure some practices of kinship ‘in miniature,’ another common practice – the special privileging of the blood tie in structuring kinship – is singled out for critique.
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Green, Marcus. "Social networks and residential mobility in later life : the effects of moving on social network supportive capacity amongst older people in the UK." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/368007/.
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This is an interdisciplinary PhD research project, spanning the ESRC Centre for Population Change and the Centre for Research on Ageing. Using British Household Panel Survey data, the thesis aims to prove that undertaking a residential move changes the supportive capacity of one’s social network in later life. The study first investigates the determinants of moving home in later life. It then conceptualises and constructs the social networks of older people in the UK, considering key attributes such as network size, frequency, proximity and functions and examines the effects of moving home on these measures. The analysis finds that the incidence of residential mobility is associated with, amongst other things, becoming widowed and experiencing a negative change in health or financial circumstance. Furthermore older people are likely to experience disruption to the supportive capacity of their companionship and community networks following a move. This research has important implications for policy as any damaging effects on an older person’s informal support network may have consequences for their health outcomes and in turn lead to an increased dependence on formal health and social care services at the places to which they move.
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Edwards, Todd M. "Levels of personal disclosure and engagement in communication of later-life couples coping with chronic illness." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40325.
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The relationships between marital communication of later-life couples coping with chronic, physical illness, caregiver depression and marital satisfaction were examined in this study of 25 patients and their spouse caregivers. Guided by Bowen Theory, lag sequential analyses and sequence repetition analyses were conducted on observational data to determine the effects of open communication, closed communication, and pursuer-distancer communication on caregiver depression and marital satisfaction. The findings indicate that reciprocal closed communication between caregivers and spouses was positively related to caregiver depression, reciprocal open communication between caregivers and spouses was negatively related to marital satisfaction, and reciprocal pursuer-distancer communication was negatively related to marital satisfaction. Further, sustained pursuer-distancer communication was related to higher caregiver depression. Communication patterns were found to be related to family of origin relationships. Possible explanations for these findings and implications for family therapy and future research are discussed.Ph. D.
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Zugarek, Gwendolyn R. E. "Cumulative Disadvantage: The Role of Childhood Health and Marital Quality in the Relationship between Marriage and Later Life Health." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1447769376.
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Birch, Paul James. "Family-of-Origin Distress and Intimacy in Later-Life Couples." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1999. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTAF,15560.
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Wu, Huijing. "Living apart together (LAT) in older adulthood." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1566408515111424.
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Collins, Ricketts Joan. "The Lived Experiences of Adult Children of Mid to Later-life Parental Divorce: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis." NSUWorks, 2015. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dft_etd/19.
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This study examined the lived experiences of adult children of mid-later life parental divorce. It was designed and conducted to address the gap in the current literature regarding this phenomenon. The experiences of 5 Adult Children of Divorce (ACD) ages 25 to 45, who experienced mid-later life parental divorce, were examined using in-depth semi-structured interviews. The researcher employed an interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) of which the findings illustrated various outcomes for adults experiencing their parents’ mid-later life divorce. The results of this study showed that parents’ waiting until the children are “grown” does not mitigate potentially detrimental outcomes for these “adult children.” Some of these concerns shared by the ACDs interviewed included: dealing with the shock of the divorce, the acrimonious parental relationships post divorce, feeling the need to choose sides, effects of the divorce on the ACDs' children, among others. Future studies and implications for the field of marriage and family therapy were offered.
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LOBIATI, PAOLO GIUSEPPE MARIA. "Libertà interna e libertà esterna nel consenso matrimoniale canonico. L'incidenza delle condotte pre e para suicidarie." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/96574.
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Nello studio si approfondisce il rapporto tra due realtà: l’una giuridica, il consenso matrimoniale, e l’altra appartenente all’ambito del fatto, la condotta pre e para suicidaria. La necessità concreta è stata comprendere in modo univoco l’interazione tra la libertà del consenso – quale dimensione fondamentale affinché questo possa dispiegare effetti giuridici – ed alcune condotte poste in essere da uno dei due nubenti o da terzi, così da valutare come queste possano incidere sulla validità dell’atto.
Si sono considerati due capi di nullità – il metus ed il gravis defectus discretionis iudicii – che dottrina e giurisprudenza considerano quelli che coinvolgono la facoltà volitiva, approfondendo nella prima parte il rapporto tra le condotte di fatto e la libertà esterna mentre nella seconda in merito alla libertà interna.
Il metodo è stato quello di analisi della giurisprudenza quale fonte che permette sia di interpretare la norma sia di precisarne ed incarnarne le fattispecie.
Conclusione è che le condotte pre e para suicidarie non possano inserirsi tra le circostanze che rendono manifesta la nullità del matrimonio in relazione alla libertà del consenso, infatti non è possibile sostenerne il valore presuntivo ma è necessario, volta per volta, confrontarle con gli altri fatti riportati nelle tavole processuali.The study examines the relationship between two realities: one legal, marriage consent, and the other belonging to the context of the fact, pre and para suicidal conduct. The concrete need was to understand in a univocal way the interaction between the freedom of consent - as a fundamental dimension for this to have legal effects - and some behaviors put in place by one of the two engaged or by third parties, so as to evaluate how these can affect on the validity of the deed. Two heads of nullity have been considered - the Grave fear and the Lake of discretion of judgment - which doctrine and jurisprudence consider those that involve the willful faculty, deepening in the first part the relationship between conduct and external freedom while in the second on the internal freedom. The method was to analyze the jurisprudence as a source that allows both to interpret the law and to specify and embody the cases in point. The conclusion is that the pre- and para-suicidal behaviors cannot be inserted among the circumstances that make the nullity of the marriage manifest in relation to the freedom of consent, in fact it is not possible to support the presumptive value but it is necessary, every time, to compare them with the other facts. reported in the procedural tables.
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李慧玲. "Preference in spouse selection and marriage attitude of late-married females." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49641432986291306070.
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碩士國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
99
Marriage has since ever been an important traditional custom and a major life event in Chinese culture. However, with social transformation in recent years, life style and sense of value have been dramatically altered. Late marriage or non marriage becomes another option for life planning, causing rapid growth in late-married or non-married population as well as low birth rate and aging society in demographics. It also derives political, economic, social and manpower problems to different extents, which is closely related with national development. Therefore, the issue is worth researching and this study is to discuss current status of late-married females and to learn underlying factors in late marriage from their preference in spouse selection and cognition or perspective on marriage attitude. Suggestions are also proposed for reference of related personnel. In-depth interview of qualitative research is adopted in this study. Research subjects are 10 in total. All of them are females above 30 years old, have never been married by law definition and live in Taipei City, New Taipei City or Taoyuan County. After interview data are analyzed, findings discovered are summarized as follows: 1.It is commonly regarded that late marriage is the trend of modern society. Facing the choice between advanced studies, career development and marriage life, females place marriage to the last. 2.Life and friends are limited. Passing ideal marriage age is currently the major predicament in spouse selection. 3.The priority of spouse selection is personal criteria, including appearance, physical features and characteristics, followed by capabilities and emotional orientation. 4.In marriage cognition, marriage is considered a necessary path in life. In marriage experience, there are two sheerly different attitudes – positive and negative views both appear. In inclination to marriage, it is prone to stepping into marriage. On the other hand, late-married females whose parents are divorced have negative perspectives on every attitude towards marriage . Suggestions based on findings discovered are proposed in the following: 1.It is advised that late-married females should avidly participate in activities, develop interests and fulfil selves to make changes in life as well as expand personal relationship to increase chance of meeting male counterparts. 2.Clarify self ideas at an earlier date and constructively plan life paths. Criteria for spouse selection should be based on a practical perspective and personal standard should be appropriately adjusted. 3.Concept of gender role should be correctly established. Multiple roles played by modern females should be respected with traditional requirement imposed on women lifted. 4.It is advised that the society should convey proper marriage education and reassure the value and function of marriage to have a positive view on what is worth learning in marriage.
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Huang, Hsin-yen, and 黃欣姸. "A Study on Factors of Teachers’ Late Marriage at Junior High Schools." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06097999369850114990.
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碩士世新大學
行政管理學研究所(含博、碩專班)
103
The late marriage appearing recently in Taiwan has exerted great influences on the fertility rate and population structure. This study samples 12 junior high school teachers who marry at a mature age to explore their view on late marriage and their internal and external factors of late marriage via in-depth interview, by which suggestions can be proposed to relevant policies for reference. According to the results, these teachers show positive attitude on the marriage. Most of them look forward to marriage and let nature take its course. The factors of late marriage can be divided into environmental and personal ones. The former includes the longer education, monotonous working environment, promotion of female’s capability and the change in social culture, and the latter includes the stronger self-awareness, personal characteristics, small social circle, strict requirements for marriage partner, the bad experience in love and their family, their role change after marriage and influences from the important people. Their understandings of the existing marriage and fertility policies are relatively one-sided, which can’t serve as an incentive for them to get married. Finally, this study proposes several suggestions for the teachers, subsequent researchers and future policy.
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Dickenson, Elizabeth Gayle. "Marriage, gender, and the politics of "unity" in Visigothic Spain." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/19999.
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This dissertation’s thesis is that the marital rhetoric and gendered imagery of late classical, Christian political discourse appear in narrative, conciliar, and legal texts produced in Visigothic Spain between 579 and 654 A.D. for the purpose of expressing conflict, rather than “unity.” This thesis opposes views of the Visigothic kingdom as a model of successful Christian unification by showing how the male-authored, Spanish sources - far from being silent on religio-political conflicts - use marriage, women, and wealth as metaphors in disputes over orthodoxy and status. These early medieval texts suggest a new paradigm of Christian “unity” in which Jews function as the “enemy,” and in so doing, establish a political model decidedly different from that of late antiquity. Examples of this political model appear in the Third and Fourth Councils of Toledo (589 and 633 A.D.), which are published here for the first time in Latin-English translation. Despite the historical significance of the Visigothic sources in the Spanish and broader contexts, little attention has been paid to late classical marital rhetoric and gendered imagery in them as evidence of conflicts. Understanding the purpose of these rhetorical strategies helps us to perceive how the paradigm of Christian “unity” masked deep conflicts over status, orthodoxy, and wealth - conflicts that persisted until a new invading force appeared to challenge Visigothic power in 711 A.D.text
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Chien-li, Kuo, and 郭芊欐. "A Study of “Free marriage” Concept in Late Qing Dynasty Novel－－Focus on “Free marriage”, “Female Prison Flower”﹐“Yellow Hydrangea”﹐ “Women’s rights” and “Chivalry Girl”." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89888927416174533333.
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碩士國立中正大學
中國文學系暨研究所
100
As the late Qing Dynasty had been deeply westernized, people started to question on the traditional marriage rules, and started to advocate “free marriage”, that is, the requirement of a marriage must based on mutual consensus. In other words, men and women are free from the passive position in arranged marriage, and they owned to right to make the decision of choosing a spouse. Thus, the premise of a relationship was “free marriage”. No matter people choose to communicate through letters or meeting in public, there would be opportunities for them to getting to know each other and develop relationships. Therefore, being educated is a prerequisite for women back then if they wanted to be presentable whether in written or verbal. This was the cause-effect relationship between “free marriage” and female education. Traditional marriage stressed on family responsibilities and duties. On the contrast, “free marriage” emphasized on the emotional attachment between the married spouses since the relationship was now based on pre-marriage phase and equal rights between two sexes. Thus, “free marriage” also caused to trend of fighting for women’s right. Since the idea of arrange marriage was deeply rooted in the society, the idea of “free marriage” was not accepted nor supported right back when it was advocated. However, the literature world had reflected favors on “free marriage” in many prospects. There were many novels contained descriptions on marriage, problem between spouses and the ideal marriage form and relationship. In this thesis, 5 late Qing novels were analyzed as study materials. They were “Free Marriage” (1903) by CHEN, Tan-Nu-Shih-Tzu-Yu-Hua, “Female Prison Flower” (1904) by WANG, Miao-Ju, “Yellow Hydrangea” (1905-1907) by YI, So, “Women’s Rights” (1907) by SU, Chi-Chai and “Chivalry Girl” (1909-1911) by WEN,Yu-Nu-Shih (SHAO, Chen-Hua). These novels were used to analyze and evaluate many different aspects regarding marriages to conclude an integrated idea of “free marriage”. After reviewing these novels, it is certain to say the concept of “free marriage” and autonomy were proposed and confirmed in these late Qing literatures. What is more, they all pointed out the lack of mutual consensus between couples when building a relationship or marriage was the most important factor that caused disagreement. Through different description on arrange marriage and “free marriage” in these novels, it is clear these late Qing authors all agreed on the idea of “free marriage” while the traditional wedding ceremony and routine to propose were still valued. In other words, the essence of marriage was replaced by being love first. Thus, people at the time started to recognize the new thinking of marriage, but they also accepted the traditional form of wedding ceremony. This was a mixture of new and old. The breakthrough had been done, but the traditions had not totally disappeared. Furthermore, the novels also illustrated the idea of staying out of marriage and the reasons to reflect the national movement in late Qing. Therefore, women can chose to stay single and contribute whatever they could for the country while strived for their personal freedom. In conclusion, through different description and illustration regarding marriage in these novels, we could see the idea of “free marriage” had already taken place and evolved in late Qing. Keyword：Late Qing Novel、“Free marriage”、Free marriage、 Female Prison Flower、Yellow Hydrangea、Female’s Rights、Chivalry Girl
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Chou, Yen-Heng, and 周彥亨. "Investigation on the Late Marriage Problems in Taiwan - A Case Study of the Hsinchu Science Park." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94135998556885913946.
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碩士中華大學
經營管理研究所
93
As a new trend of late marriage in modern society, accompanying with tendency of staying single, related marriage issues have caused new types of social phenomenon and problems. This study thus aims at investigating the phenomenon of late marriage at the Hsinchu Science Park. Related issues, e.g. Is there a tendency of late marriage at the Park? What are the main causes for late marriage? What are the differences of causing late marriage between men and girls? What are the impacts of late marriage?, will be discussed in this study. Objects of this study come from the Hsinchu Science Park, and the number of effective questionnaires released amounted to 1076, where singles with late marriage tendency amounted to 574 and married ones amounted to 502. Statistic measures, e.g. frequency distribution, percentage, and Chi-square test, were utilized to process obtained data and carry out related analyses according to different variables. The final results reached are summarized as follows . There did exist late marriage phenomenon at the Hsinchu Science Park. And the main causes for late marriage include: no appropriate opposite sex objects, few chances and inferior environment for making opposite sex friends, inferior economic capacity for establishing a family, etc. As for views towards family or career after marriage, girls at the Park with late marriage tendency hold a novel view against traditional view of giving up career and putting the family as the first place. However, men surveyed are more traditional on the contrary. As for determinants for choosing the life-long partner, men at the Park tend to put outlook as the first consideration, where girls put economic condition as the first priority. For birth consideration, 70 percent of men and girls at the Park hope to have children. Sexual behavior and living with the opposite sex partner before marriage have been deemed as a common phenomenon and are widely accepted. Feeling of loneliness seems to dominates men’s spiritual life in the studied objects. Tendency of late marriage does not necessarily lead a significant impact on the physical and spiritual conditions of studied objects and their corresponding relations with others. However, most objects with late marriage tendency think that time arrangement and work performance will be influenced more or less after marriage anyway. Besides , individuals with tendency of late marriage expect assistance from the Park administrative authorities, e.g. friend-making parties, lectures with concerned issues, courses on marriage preparations and mental & physical health, etc. This study also provides suggestions of related issues concerned for references of the Park authorities and single individuals with tendency of late marriage. As suggestions for singles with tendency of late marriage are suggested to be more practical in marriage attitudes, with less sleep, less PC games, and eager participation in parties of making different sex friends. Attitudes of marriage should emphasize on sharing of rights and obligations, instead of subjective views as before. Then the government authorities and Park Administration are suggested to hold more activities under concerns and utilize marketing strategies to promote population policies, where the Equivalent Law Governing Two Sexes and the Family Education Law should be enforced and attitudes toward two sexes should be adjusted. Activities, courses, lectures, and studies on two sexes, marriage attitudes, and marriage related issues are suggested to carry out regularly.
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陳珮瑜. "Financial People's Outlook on Marriage and Factors Leading To Their Late Marriage:As Exemplified by F Bank." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8pagv7.
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碩士國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
104
The number of people getting married late has been increasing, and the most significant impact is the reduction in fertility. The phenomenon of people getting married late isn’t just a gender problem, but also causes different problems in demographic structure and government social welfare policy. And the phenomenon of late marriage filled various walks of life, for example in the domestic financial industry many of its employees are women but few men. Its long working hours and pressure cause women more difficult to find their ideal person. Therefore, this subject is worthy of inquiry. This study uses the qualitative methodology of semi structured interviews, to interview twelve female financial people who are over 30-year-old and unmarried. In this study I try to integrate the reasons that cause female financial people to get married late by observing their mate-selection preferences and marital values. After analyzing their interview data, the results of the research show the following key points: 1.The most important prerequisite to get married is to find an ideal person. If getting married is not better than single, then the marriage is no more necessary! 2.Marriage is not only being regarded as filial piety anymore. Unmarried people can have more time to accompany with their family and their elders hope their children do not marry just to marry. 3.Getting married doesn’t have to have children. A decision to having children should be at a stable economic base and after careful consideration. This is also why our fertility rate is so low. 4.Not married doesn’t mean you will be lonely when you are old. Everyone will get older, the most important thing is you should cultivate your own interests. 5.Working environment and pressure have little influence on the late marriage. Especially the financial sector now faces the international competition. Such a competitive environment, work pressure, and long working hours make them not have time to find their ideal person or to manage a relationship. 6.And the main reason that female financial people getting married late is not found an ideal person and they don’t want to force themselves. This study also offers the following suggestions: 1.Make a plan for life earlier and expand interpersonal relationships actively. Don’t set limits for yourself and keep passive attitudes toward marriage. 2.Define their own needs and pragmatic conditions for their future partners. 3.I recommend the coherent units to hold more gatherings cross organizations. Provide civil servants multi-dimensional channels to make friends and expand opportunities to know friends of opposite sex.
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Moen, Ingrid Johanne. "Marriage and Divorce in the Herodian Family: A Case Study of Diversity in Late Second Temple Judaism." Diss., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3200.
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Noting the disparities between the stipulations of rabbinic law and the behavior of the Herodian royal family, scholars have traditionally described the family's commitment to Judaism as lackluster. In particular, many examples from the Herodians' marriage and divorce practices have been engaged to support this view. In contrast, I argue that the royal Jews' behavior in general and their marital practices in particular were largely in accord with one of the formulations of Jewish law in circulation in the first centuries B.C.E. and C.E. Indeed, the extant Second Temple writings indicate that Judaism in Roman Palestine was highly diverse. The rabbis, whose views became normative from late antiquity and on, may well have formed only one of the many competing schools of interpretation in Herodian times. Consequently, the family's failure to comply with rabbinic views does not preclude their identification as pious Jews committed to fulfilling the Law. In fact, one can make an argument for the Herodians' piety based on close readings of biblical texts, Josephus' descriptions of the royal family, and even certain readings of rabbinic texts. Other Jewish texts that pre- and postdate Herodian rule, as well as those from the late Second Temple era itself, further support this view. Indeed, situating the Herodians within their proper setting in Roman Palestine suggests that they were committed Jews who formed one subgroup of the many pious Jewish parties that comprised the diverse world of late Second Temple Judaism.
Dissertation