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Journal articles on the topic 'Late Quaternary Extinctions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Lyons, S. Kathleen, Joshua H. Miller, Danielle Fraser, et al. "The changing role of mammal life histories in Late Quaternary extinction vulnerability on continents and islands." Biology Letters 12, no. 6 (2016): 20160342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0342.

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Understanding extinction drivers in a human-dominated world is necessary to preserve biodiversity. We provide an overview of Quaternary extinctions and compare mammalian extinction events on continents and islands after human arrival in system-specific prehistoric and historic contexts. We highlight the role of body size and life-history traits in these extinctions. We find a significant size-bias except for extinctions on small islands in historic times. Using phylogenetic regression and classification trees, we find that while life-history traits are poor predictors of historic extinctions,

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2

Karp, Allison T., J. Tyler Faith, Jennifer R. Marlon, and A. Carla Staver. "Global response of fire activity to late Quaternary grazer extinctions." Science 374, no. 6571 (2021): 1145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abj1580.

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Extinctions and grassland fire Grassland herbivores are known to play a role in limiting wildfires by consuming potentially flammable material. Karp et al . present evidence that that herbivore-fire interactions affected fire on a global scale in the past. They compared the severity of late Quaternary continent-level megaherbivore extinctions with changes in paleofire activity calculated from sedimentary charcoal data from grassy biomes. The extent of extinctions varied between continents, and this pattern was reflected in the changes in fire activity. Fire frequency increased most where the m

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3

Jukar, A. M., S. K. Lyons, P. J. Wagner, and M. D. Uhen. "Late Quaternary extinctions in the Indian Subcontinent." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 562 (January 2021): 110137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.110137.

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4

Koch, Paul L., and Anthony D. Barnosky. "Late Quaternary Extinctions: State of the Debate." Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 37, no. 1 (2006): 215–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.34.011802.132415.

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5

Marshall, Charles R., Emily L. Lindsey, Natalia A. Villavicencio, and Anthony D. Barnosky. "A Quantitative Model for Distinguishing Between Climate Change, Human Impact, and Their Synergistic Interaction as Drivers of the Late Quaternary Megafaunal Extinctions." Paleontological Society Papers 21 (October 2015): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600002941.

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A simple quantitative approach is presented for determining the relative importance of climate change and human impact in driving late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions. This method is designed to determine whether climate change or human impact alone can account for these extinctions, or whether both were important, acting independently (additively) and/or synergistically (multiplicatively). This approach is applied to the megafaunal extinction in the Última Esperanza region of southern Chile. In this region, there is a complex pattern of extinction. Records of environmental change include te

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WHATLEY, ROBIN, and RAYMOND ROBERTS. "Late Quaternary Ostracode From a Core in the Weddel Sea, Antartica." Pesquisas em Geociências 26, no. 1 (1999): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.21130.

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Fifty-nine samples from a 560cm gravity core of late Quaternary age (PS1003-2), collected at a depth of 2796m in the Weddell Sea, were examined for Ostracoda. The fauna was sparse but, from a total of 556 valves, the rather low diversity fauna of 19 species belonging to 11 genera and 3 families was identified. The study is principally concerned with species diversity, originations and extinctions, inter-relationships between species and the relationship of the fauna to different water masses. With respect to species diversity and origination/extinction patterns, two distinct phases are apparen

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Slavenko, Alex, Oliver J. S. Tallowin, Yuval Itescu, Pasquale Raia, and Shai Meiri. "Late Quaternary reptile extinctions: size matters, insularity dominates." Global Ecology and Biogeography 25, no. 11 (2016): 1308–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.12491.

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8

Gill, Jacquelyn L. "Ecological impacts of the late Quaternary megaherbivore extinctions." New Phytologist 201, no. 4 (2013): 1163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.12576.

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9

Johnson, C. N. "Ecological consequences of Late Quaternary extinctions of megafauna." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, no. 1667 (2009): 2509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.1921.

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10

Lorenzen, Eline. "Late Quaternary megafauna population dynamics, extinctions, and survivals." Quaternary International 279-280 (November 2012): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2012.08.771.

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11

Burney, David A. "Late Quaternary Stratigraphic Charcoal Records from Madagascar." Quaternary Research 28, no. 2 (1987): 274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90065-2.

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AbstractThe classic view regarding the cause of the extinction of at least 17 species of large mammals, birds, and reptiles in Madagascar during the late Holocene implicates human use of fire to modify the environment. However, analysis of the charcoal stratigraphy of three sediment cores from Madagascar shows that late Pleistocene and early- to mid-Holocene sediments deposited prior to human settlement often contain more charcoal than postsettlement and modern sediments. This observation, which is confirmed by independent measurements from direct assay and palynological counting techniques, s

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12

Galetti, Mauro, Marcos Moleón, Pedro Jordano, et al. "Ecological and evolutionary legacy of megafauna extinctions." Biological Reviews 93, no. 2 (2018): 845–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463871.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) For hundreds of millions of years, large vertebrates (megafauna) have inhabited most of the ecosystems on our planet. During the late Quaternary, notably during the Late Pleistocene and the early Holocene, Earth experienced a rapid extinction of large, terrestrial vertebrates. While much attention has been paid to understanding the causes of this massive megafauna extinction, less attention has been given to understanding the impacts of loss of megafauna on other organisms with whom they interacted. In this review, we discuss how the loss of m

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13

Galetti, Mauro, Marcos Moleón, Pedro Jordano, et al. "Ecological and evolutionary legacy of megafauna extinctions." Biological Reviews 93, no. 2 (2018): 845–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463871.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) For hundreds of millions of years, large vertebrates (megafauna) have inhabited most of the ecosystems on our planet. During the late Quaternary, notably during the Late Pleistocene and the early Holocene, Earth experienced a rapid extinction of large, terrestrial vertebrates. While much attention has been paid to understanding the causes of this massive megafauna extinction, less attention has been given to understanding the impacts of loss of megafauna on other organisms with whom they interacted. In this review, we discuss how the loss of m

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14

Galetti, Mauro, Marcos Moleón, Pedro Jordano, et al. "Ecological and evolutionary legacy of megafauna extinctions." Biological Reviews 93, no. 2 (2018): 845–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463871.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) For hundreds of millions of years, large vertebrates (megafauna) have inhabited most of the ecosystems on our planet. During the late Quaternary, notably during the Late Pleistocene and the early Holocene, Earth experienced a rapid extinction of large, terrestrial vertebrates. While much attention has been paid to understanding the causes of this massive megafauna extinction, less attention has been given to understanding the impacts of loss of megafauna on other organisms with whom they interacted. In this review, we discuss how the loss of m

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15

Galetti, Mauro, Marcos Moleón, Pedro Jordano, et al. "Ecological and evolutionary legacy of megafauna extinctions." Biological Reviews 93, no. 2 (2018): 845–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463871.

Full text

Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) For hundreds of millions of years, large vertebrates (megafauna) have inhabited most of the ecosystems on our planet. During the late Quaternary, notably during the Late Pleistocene and the early Holocene, Earth experienced a rapid extinction of large, terrestrial vertebrates. While much attention has been paid to understanding the causes of this massive megafauna extinction, less attention has been given to understanding the impacts of loss of megafauna on other organisms with whom they interacted. In this review, we discuss how the loss of m

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16

Galetti, Mauro, Marcos Moleón, Pedro Jordano, et al. "Ecological and evolutionary legacy of megafauna extinctions." Biological Reviews 93, no. 2 (2018): 845–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463871.

Full text

Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) For hundreds of millions of years, large vertebrates (megafauna) have inhabited most of the ecosystems on our planet. During the late Quaternary, notably during the Late Pleistocene and the early Holocene, Earth experienced a rapid extinction of large, terrestrial vertebrates. While much attention has been paid to understanding the causes of this massive megafauna extinction, less attention has been given to understanding the impacts of loss of megafauna on other organisms with whom they interacted. In this review, we discuss how the loss of m

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17

Martin, Paul S. "Late Quaternary extinctions: The promise of TAMS 14C dating." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 29, no. 1-2 (1987): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(87)90232-1.

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18

WOOD, JAMIE R., JOSEP A. ALCOVER, TIM M. BLACKBURN, et al. "Island extinctions: processes, patterns, and potential for ecosystem restoration." Environmental Conservation 44, no. 4 (2017): 348–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689291700039x.

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SUMMARYExtinctions have altered island ecosystems throughout the late Quaternary. Here, we review the main historic drivers of extinctions on islands, patterns in extinction chronologies between islands, and the potential for restoring ecosystems through reintroducing extirpated species. While some extinctions have been caused by climatic and environmental change, most have been caused by anthropogenic impacts. We propose a general model to describe patterns in these anthropogenic island extinctions. Hunting, habitat loss and the introduction of invasive predators accompanied prehistoric settl

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19

Orihuela, Johanset, Lázaro W. Viñola, Vázquez Osvaldo Jiménez, et al. "Assessing the role of humans in Greater Antillean land vertebrate extinctions: New insights from Cuba." Quaternary Science Reviews 249 (June 12, 2020): 106597. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13438491.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The Caribbean archipelago is a hotspot of biodiversity characterized by a high rate of extinction. Recent studies have examined these losses, but the causes of the Antillean Late Quaternary vertebrate extinctions, and especially the role of humans, are still unclear. Previous results provide support for climaterelated and human-induced extinctions, but often downplaying other complex bio-ecological factors that are difficult to model or to detect from the fossil and archaeological record. Here, we discuss Caribbean vertebrate extinctions and t

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20

Orihuela, Johanset, Lázaro W. Viñola, Vázquez Osvaldo Jiménez, et al. "Assessing the role of humans in Greater Antillean land vertebrate extinctions: New insights from Cuba." Quaternary Science Reviews 249 (June 7, 2020): 106597. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13438491.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The Caribbean archipelago is a hotspot of biodiversity characterized by a high rate of extinction. Recent studies have examined these losses, but the causes of the Antillean Late Quaternary vertebrate extinctions, and especially the role of humans, are still unclear. Previous results provide support for climaterelated and human-induced extinctions, but often downplaying other complex bio-ecological factors that are difficult to model or to detect from the fossil and archaeological record. Here, we discuss Caribbean vertebrate extinctions and t

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21

Orihuela, Johanset, Lázaro W. Viñola, Vázquez Osvaldo Jiménez, et al. "Assessing the role of humans in Greater Antillean land vertebrate extinctions: New insights from Cuba." Quaternary Science Reviews 249 (July 3, 2020): 106597. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13438491.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The Caribbean archipelago is a hotspot of biodiversity characterized by a high rate of extinction. Recent studies have examined these losses, but the causes of the Antillean Late Quaternary vertebrate extinctions, and especially the role of humans, are still unclear. Previous results provide support for climaterelated and human-induced extinctions, but often downplaying other complex bio-ecological factors that are difficult to model or to detect from the fossil and archaeological record. Here, we discuss Caribbean vertebrate extinctions and t

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22

Orihuela, Johanset, Lázaro W. Viñola, Vázquez Osvaldo Jiménez, et al. "Assessing the role of humans in Greater Antillean land vertebrate extinctions: New insights from Cuba." Quaternary Science Reviews 249 (July 10, 2020): 106597. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13438491.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The Caribbean archipelago is a hotspot of biodiversity characterized by a high rate of extinction. Recent studies have examined these losses, but the causes of the Antillean Late Quaternary vertebrate extinctions, and especially the role of humans, are still unclear. Previous results provide support for climaterelated and human-induced extinctions, but often downplaying other complex bio-ecological factors that are difficult to model or to detect from the fossil and archaeological record. Here, we discuss Caribbean vertebrate extinctions and t

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23

Orihuela, Johanset, Lázaro W. Viñola, Vázquez Osvaldo Jiménez, et al. "Assessing the role of humans in Greater Antillean land vertebrate extinctions: New insights from Cuba." Quaternary Science Reviews 249 (July 17, 2020): 106597. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13438491.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The Caribbean archipelago is a hotspot of biodiversity characterized by a high rate of extinction. Recent studies have examined these losses, but the causes of the Antillean Late Quaternary vertebrate extinctions, and especially the role of humans, are still unclear. Previous results provide support for climaterelated and human-induced extinctions, but often downplaying other complex bio-ecological factors that are difficult to model or to detect from the fossil and archaeological record. Here, we discuss Caribbean vertebrate extinctions and t

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24

Wan, Xinru, and Zhibin Zhang. "Climate warming and humans played different roles in triggering Late Quaternary extinctions in east and west Eurasia." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1851 (2017): 20162438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2438.

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Climate change and humans are proposed as the two key drivers of total extinction of many large mammals in the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene, but disentangling their relative roles remains challenging owing to a lack of quantitative evaluation of human impact and climate-driven distribution changes on the extinctions of these large mammals in a continuous temporal–spatial dimension. Here, our analyses showed that temperature change had significant effects on mammoth (genus Mammuthus ), rhinoceros (Rhinocerotidae), horse (Equidae) and deer (Cervidae). Rapid global warming was the predomin

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25

Conroy, Keziah J., Ambroise G. Baker, Vivienne J. Jones, et al. "Tracking late-Quaternary extinctions in interior Alaska using megaherbivore bone remains and dung fungal spores." Quaternary Research 97 (April 28, 2020): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2020.19.

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AbstractOne major challenge in the study of late-Quaternary extinctions (LQEs) is providing better estimates of past megafauna abundance. To show how megaherbivore population size varied before and after the last extinctions in interior Alaska, we use both a database of radiocarbon-dated bone remains (spanning 25–0 ka) and spores of the obligate dung fungus, Sporormiella, recovered from radiocarbon-dated lake-sediment cores (spanning 17–0 ka). Bone fossils show that the last stage of LQEs in the region occurred at about 13 ka ago, but the number of megaherbivore bones remains high into the Hol

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Davis, Owen K. "Spores of the Dung Fungus Sporormiella: Increased Abundance in Historic Sediments and Before Pleistocene Megafaunal Extinction." Quaternary Research 28, no. 2 (1987): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90067-6.

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AbstractSpores of the dung fungus Sporormiella become abundant following the historic introduction of grazing herbivores at seven sites in the western United States. During the Holocene they are generally rare, but at six sites Sporormiella spores are abundant before the extinction of Pleistocene megaherbivores ca. 11,000 yr B.P. Sporormiella spores are directly linked to extinct megaherbivores by their presence in mammoth dung preserved in Bechan Cave, Southern Utah. Their abundance in late-glacial sediments may reflect the abundance of megaherbivores during Quaternary, thereby indicating the

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Tyler Faith, J. "Late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions in Southern Africa's Cape Floral Region." Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 47, no. 2 (2012): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2012.690216.

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28

Stuart, Anthony John. "Late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions on the continents: a short review." Geological Journal 50, no. 3 (2014): 338–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gj.2633.

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29

Turvey, Samuel T., and Susanne A. Fritz. "The ghosts of mammals past: biological and geographical patterns of global mammalian extinction across the Holocene." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1577 (2011): 2564–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0020.

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Although the recent historical period is usually treated as a temporal base-line for understanding patterns of mammal extinction, mammalian biodiversity loss has also taken place throughout the Late Quaternary. We explore the spatial, taxonomic and phylogenetic patterns of 241 mammal species extinctions known to have occurred during the Holocene up to the present day. To assess whether our understanding of mammalian threat processes has been affected by excluding these taxa, we incorporate extinct species data into analyses of the impact of body mass on extinction risk. We find that Holocene e

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Sandom, Christopher, Søren Faurby, Brody Sandel, and Jens-Christian Svenning. "Global late Quaternary megafauna extinctions linked to humans, not climate change." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1787 (2014): 20133254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.3254.

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The late Quaternary megafauna extinction was a severe global-scale event. Two factors, climate change and modern humans, have received broad support as the primary drivers, but their absolute and relative importance remains controversial. To date, focus has been on the extinction chronology of individual or small groups of species, specific geographical regions or macroscale studies at very coarse geographical and taxonomic resolution, limiting the possibility of adequately testing the proposed hypotheses. We present, to our knowledge, the first global analysis of this extinction based on comp

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31

Swift, Jillian A., Michael Bunce, Joe Dortch, et al. "Micro Methods for Megafauna: Novel Approaches to Late Quaternary Extinctions and Their Contributions to Faunal Conservation in the Anthropocene." BioScience 69, no. 11 (2019): 877–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz105.

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Abstract Drivers of Late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions are relevant to modern conservation policy in a world of growing human population density, climate change, and faunal decline. Traditional debates tend toward global solutions, blaming either dramatic climate change or dispersals of Homo sapiens to new regions. Inherent limitations to archaeological and paleontological data sets often require reliance on scant, poorly resolved lines of evidence. However, recent developments in scientific technologies allow for more local, context-specific approaches. In the present article, we highligh

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Bover, Pere, and Josep Antoni Alcover. "Understanding Late Quaternary extinctions: the case of Myotragus balearicus (Bate, 1909)." Journal of Biogeography 30, no. 5 (2003): 771–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.00872.x.

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Turvey, Samuel T., Vijay Sathe, Jennifer J. Crees, Advait M. Jukar, Prateek Chakraborty, and Adrian M. Lister. "Late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions in India: How much do we know?" Quaternary Science Reviews 252 (January 2021): 106740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106740.

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Stuart, A. J. "The failure of evolution: Late quaternary mammalian extinctions in the holarctic." Quaternary International 19 (January 1993): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1040-6182(93)90028-e.

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TURVEY, SAMUEL T., JUAN ALMONTE, JAMES HANSFORD, R. PAUL SCOFIELD, JORGE L. BROCCA, and SANDRA D. CHAPMAN. "A new species of extinct Late Quaternary giant tortoise from Hispaniola." Zootaxa 4277, no. 1 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4277.1.1.

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Insular giant tortoise diversity has been depleted by Late Quaternary extinctions, but the taxonomic status of many extinct populations remains poorly understood due to limited available fossil or subfossil material, hindering our ability to reconstruct Quaternary island biotas and environments. Giant tortoises are absent from current-day insular Caribbean ecosystems, but tortoise remains from Quaternary deposits indicate the former widespread occurrence of these animals across the northern Caribbean. We report new Quaternary giant tortoise material from several cave sites in Pedernales Provin

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Kosintsev, Pavel, Kieren J. Mitchell, Thibaut Devièse, et al. "Evolution and extinction of the giant rhinoceros Elasmotherium sibiricum sheds light on late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions." Nature Ecology & Evolution 3, no. 1 (2018): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0722-0.

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Lima-Ribeiro, Matheus S., Joaquín Hortal, Sara Varela, and José Alexandre F. Diniz-Filho. "Constraint envelope analyses of macroecological patterns reveal climatic effects on Pleistocene mammal extinctions." Quaternary Research 82, no. 1 (2014): 260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.02.003.

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AbstractQuantitative analysis of macroecological patterns for late Pleistocene assemblages can be useful for disentangling the causes of late Quaternary extinctions (LQE). However, previous analyses have usually assumed linear relationships between macroecological traits, such as body size and range size/range shift, that may have led to erroneous interpretations. Here, we analyzed mammalian datasets to show how macroecological patterns support climate change as an important driver of the LQE, which is contrary to previous analyses that did not account for more complex relationships among trai

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Simons, Elwyn L., David A. Burney, Prithijit S. Chatrath, Laurie R. Godfrey, William L. Jungers, and Berthe Rakotosamimanana. "AMS 14C Dates for Extinct Lemurs from Caves in the Ankarana Massif, Northern Madagascar." Quaternary Research 43, no. 2 (1995): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1995.1025.

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AbstractAn extensive late Quaternary fauna, including many extinct giant lemurs, has been collected recently in a 110+-km system of caves in the Ankarana Massif of northern Madagascar. AMS 14C dates for the acid-insoluble (collagen/gelatin) fraction of bones of the giant lemur Megaladapis (26,150 ± 400 and 12,760 ± 70 yr B.P.) confirm its presence in the area during the late Pleistocene and provide the first Pleistocene 14 C ages from bones of the extinct megafauna of the island. The first date from bones of the recently described extinct Babakotia radofilai (4400 ± 60 yr B.P.) shows that it w

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Cramb, Jonathan, Gilbert J. Price, and Scott A. Hocknull. "Short-tailed mice with a long fossil record: the genusLeggadina(Rodentia: Muridae) from the Quaternary of Queensland, Australia." PeerJ 6 (September 21, 2018): e5639. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5639.

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The genusLeggadina(colloquially known as ‘short-tailed mice’) is a common component of Quaternary faunas of northeastern Australia. They represent a member of the Australian old endemic murid radiation that arrived on the continent sometime during the late Cenozoic. Here we describe two new species of extinctLeggadinafrom Quaternary cave deposits as well as additional material of the extinctLeggadina macrodonta.Leggadina irvinisp. nov. recovered from Middle-Upper (late) Pleistocene cave deposits near Chillagoe, northeastern Queensland, is the biggest member of the genus, being substantially la

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Burney, David A. "Late Quaternary Chronology and Stratigraphy of Twelve Sites On Kaua‘i." Radiocarbon 44, no. 1 (2002): 13–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003382220006464x.

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Twelve new sites on Kaua‘i provide an island-wide view of late Quaternary (near time) environments on the oldest of the major Hawaiian Islands. Radiocarbon-dated lithologies are compared for estuarine sites on windward and leeward coasts, interior peat bogs ranging from 169 to 1220 m in elevation, prehistoric fishponds, and a sinkhole paleolake in the Maha‘ulepu cave system. Terrestrial sedimentation begins in many coastal sites about 6000 cal BP, as sea level approached modern levels. Prehuman sedimentation rates were quite low in all these sites, generally <2 mm/yr, although coastal sites

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Colwell, Robert K., and Thiago F. Rangel. "A stochastic, evolutionary model for range shifts and richness on tropical elevational gradients under Quaternary glacial cycles." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1558 (2010): 3695–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0293.

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Quaternary glacial–interglacial cycles repeatedly forced thermal zones up and down the slopes of mountains, at all latitudes. Although no one doubts that these temperature cycles have left their signature on contemporary patterns of geography and phylogeny, the relative roles of ecology and evolution are not well understood, especially for the tropics. To explore key mechanisms and their interactions in the context of chance events, we constructed a geographical range-based, stochastic simulation model that incorporates speciation, anagenetic evolution, niche conservatism, range shifts and ext

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MacPhee, R. D. E., Derek C. Ford, and Donald A. McFarlane. "Pre-Wisconsinan Mammals from Jamaica and Models of Late Quaternary Extinction in the Greater Antilles." Quaternary Research 31, no. 1 (1989): 94–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(89)90088-4.

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AbstractThe vertebrate fauna recovered from indurated conglomerates at Wallingford Roadside Cave (central Jamaica) is shown to be in excess of 100,000 yr old according to uranium series and electron spin resonance dating. The Wallingford local fauna is therefore pre-Wisconsinan in age, and Roadside Cave is now the oldest radiometrically dated locality in the West Indies containing identifiable species of land mammals. In the absence of a good radiometric record for Quaternary paleontological sites in the Caribbean, there is no satisfactory basis for determining whether most extinct Antillean m

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Boev, Zlatozar. "Quaternary vertebrate fauna of Bulgaria – composition, chronology and impoverishment." Geologica Balcanica 52, no. 1 (2023): 21–48. https://doi.org/10.52321/GeolBalc.52.1.21.

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This study presents for the first time summarized data on 759 species/taxa (628 species at least) of six classes of Quaternary vertebrates of Bulgaria: Chondrichthyes (1); Actinopterygii (34); Amphibia (18); Reptilia (33); Aves (299); and Mammalia (374). The richest fauna has been recorded in the Late Pleistocene (285 species), followed by the Calabrian (255). Bulgaria has lost 32.3% of its former total Quaternary vertebrate fauna. The number of the lost taxa is as follows: species (245), genera (80), families (16), orders (5), of them three mammalian (Perissodactyla, Proboscidea, and Primates

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Arman, Samuel D., Grant A. Gully, and Gavin J. Prideaux. "Dietary breadth in kangaroos facilitated resilience to Quaternary climatic variations." Science 387, no. 6730 (2025): 167–71. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adq4340.

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Identifying what drove the late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions on the continents remains one of the most contested topics in historical science. This is especially so in Australia, which lost 90% of its large species by 40,000 years ago, more than half of them kangaroos. Determining causation has been obstructed by a poor understanding of their ecology. Using dental microwear texture analysis, we show that most members of Australia’s richest Pleistocene kangaroo assemblage had diets that were much more generalized than their craniodental anatomy implies. Mixed feeding across most kangaroos

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Bakker, Elisabeth S., Jacquelyn L. Gill, Christopher N. Johnson, et al. "Combining paleo-data and modern exclosure experiments to assess the impact of megafauna extinctions on woody vegetation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 4 (2015): 847–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1502545112.

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Until recently in Earth history, very large herbivores (mammoths, ground sloths, diprotodons, and many others) occurred in most of the World’s terrestrial ecosystems, but the majority have gone extinct as part of the late-Quaternary extinctions. How has this large-scale removal of large herbivores affected landscape structure and ecosystem functioning? In this review, we combine paleo-data with information from modern exclosure experiments to assess the impact of large herbivores (and their disappearance) on woody species, landscape structure, and ecosystem functions. In modern landscapes char

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Jankowski, Nathan R., Grant A. Gully, Zenobia Jacobs, Richard G. Roberts, and Gavin J. Prideaux. "A late Quaternary vertebrate deposit in Kudjal Yolgah Cave, south-western Australia: refining regional late Pleistocene extinctions." Journal of Quaternary Science 31, no. 5 (2016): 538–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2877.

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McFarlane, Donald A., Ross D. E. MacPhee, and Derek C. Ford. "Body Size Variability and a Sangamonian Extinction Model for Amblyrhiza,a West Indian Megafaunal Rodent." Quaternary Research 50, no. 1 (1998): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1998.1977.

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The megafaunal rodent Amblyrhiza inundatafrom Anguilla and St. Martin is often cited in lists of late Quaternary human-induced extinctions, but its date of disappearance has never been established. Here, we present a suite of uranium-series disequilibrium dates from three independent Amblyrhizasites in Anguilla, all of which cluster in marine isotope Stage 5. Thus, there is no indication that Amblyrhizasurvived into the late Holocene, when islands of the northern Lesser Antilles were first invaded by humans. We argue that the most probable cause of the extinction of Amblyrhizawas a failure of

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Rando, Juan Carlos, Harald Pieper, and Josep Antoni Alcover. "Radiocarbon evidence for the presence of mice on Madeira Island (North Atlantic) one millennium ago." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1780 (2014): 20133126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.3126.

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Owing to the catastrophic extinction events that occurred following the Holocene arrival of alien species, extant oceanic island biotas are a mixture of recently incorporated alien fauna and remnants of the original fauna. Knowledge of the Late Quaternary pristine island faunas and a reliable chronology of the earliest presence of alien species on each archipelago are critical in understanding the magnitude and tempo of Quaternary island extinctions. Until now, two successive waves of human arrivals have been identified in the North Atlantic Macaronesian archipelagos (Azores, Madeira, Selvagen

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Stuart, Anthony J., and Adrian M. Lister. "Extinction chronology of the woolly rhinoceros Coelodonta antiquitatis in the context of late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions in northern Eurasia." Quaternary Science Reviews 51 (September 2012): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.06.007.

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Lima-Ribeiro, M. S., D. Nogues-Bravo, K. A. Marske, F. A. S. Fernandez, B. Araujo, and J. A. F. Diniz-Filho. "Human arrival scenarios have a strong influence on interpretations of the late Quaternary extinctions." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109, no. 37 (2012): E2409—E2410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1206920109.

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