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1

Urvija, Shah, Kothari Arpit, and Gandhi Viplav. "Spectrum of MRI Findings in Ankle Ligament Injuries." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 9 (2024): 643–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13906858.

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<strong>Background:</strong>&nbsp;Ankle trauma is commonly encountered and is most often a sprain injury affecting the ligaments. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment rest on knowledge of complex ligamentous anatomy of ankle and the entire spectrum of pathologies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice for diagnosing ligament pathologies because of its multiplanar capability and high soft tissue contrast. In this article emphasis is given to the intricate and unique anatomy and orientation of ankle ligaments. Tears of ankle ligaments have been elaborated.&nb
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Lee, Jin Woo. "Arthroscopic Lateral Ligament Repair." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 11_suppl6 (2019): 2325967119S0045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00452.

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Ankle sprain is one of the most common sports-related injuries and involves the three ligaments of the lateral ligament complex of the ankle. Approximately 80% of patients tear the anterior talo-fibular ligament (ATFL), while the other 20% of patients tear the ATFL and calcaneo-fibular ligament (CFL). Rarely, the posterior talo-fibular ligament (PTFL) is involved. Non-surgical management of ankle sprains leads to excellent results in most cases for the initial phase. An incidence of 10 – 30% of patients would fail conservative treatment and result in chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) th
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Stephens, Michael M., and G. James Sammarco. "The Stabilizing Role of the Lateral Ligament Complex around the Ankle and Subtalar Joints." Foot & Ankle 13, no. 3 (1992): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110079201300304.

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The stabilizing role of various ligaments in the lateral side of the ankle and hindfoot was examined experimentally and sequentially using 10 fresh amputated lower limbs. The anterior talofibular ligament contributed to ankle stability in plantarflexion and the calcaneofibular, the fibulotalocalcaneal, and posterior talofibular ligament in all positions. The lateral root of the inferior extensor retinaculum contributed to subtalar stability in neutral and dorsiflexion. The calcaneofibular, fibulotalocalcaneal, and cervical ligaments and the ligament of the anterior capsule of the posterior tal
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Gosselin, Michelle M., Jacob A. Haynes, Jeremy J. McCormick, Jeffery E. Johnson, and Sandra E. Klein. "The Arterial Anatomy of the Lateral Ligament Complex of the Ankle: A Cadaveric Study." American Journal of Sports Medicine 47, no. 1 (2018): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546518808060.

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Background: Ankle sprains are the most common musculoskeletal injury in the United States. Chronic lateral ankle instability can ultimately require operative intervention to decrease pain and restore stability to the ankle joint. There are no anatomic studies investigating the vascular supply to the lateral ankle ligamentous complex. Purpose: To define the vascular anatomy of the lateral ligament complex of the ankle. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Thirty pairs of cadaveric specimens (60 total legs) were amputated below the knee. India ink, followed by Ward blue latex, wa
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Haraguchi, Naoki, Hidekazu Toga, Nobumasa Shiba, and Fumio Kato. "Avulsion Fracture of the Lateral Ankle Ligament Complex in Severe Inversion Injury." American Journal of Sports Medicine 35, no. 7 (2007): 1144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546507299531.

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Background Avulsion fracture of the lateral ankle ligaments is often undetected on early radiographs. The epidemiology and treatment of such avulsion fractures have received much less attention than the epidemiology and treatment of rupture of these ligaments. Hypothesis The clinical characteristics of avulsion fracture are different from those of ligament rupture. Unlike nonoperative treatment of lateral ligament rupture, nonoperative treatment of avulsion fracture does not yield satisfactory results. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods A total of 169 consecutive patients
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Hintermann, Beat, Christian Sommer, and Benno M. Nigg. "Influence of Ligament Transection on Tibial and Calcaneal Rotation with Loading and Dorsi-Plantarflexion." Foot & Ankle International 16, no. 9 (1995): 567–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110079501600910.

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The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of sequential ligament transection (anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, posterior talofibular, deltoid, and subtalar interosseous ligaments) on the rotational movement of the tibia and the calcaneus as associated with axial loading and dorsi-plantarflexing the foot. Eight cadaver foot-leg specimens were investigated using a unconstrained testing apparatus. As the ankle complex was axially loaded, almost the same internal rotation of the tibia and the same calcaneus eversion was found with and without the various degrees of lateral and med
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7

De Leeuw, Peter A. J., Jordi Vega, Jon Karlsson, and Miki Dalmau-Pastor. "The posterior fibulotalocalcaneal ligament complex: a forgotten ligament." Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 29, no. 5 (2021): 1627–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-020-06431-5.

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Abstract Purpose The purpose of the present anatomical study was to define the exact morphology of the posterior fibulotalocalcaneal ligament complex (PFTCLC), both for a better orientation and understanding of the anatomy, especially during hindfoot endoscopy. Methods Twenty-three fresh frozen specimens were dissected in order to clarify the morphology of the PFTCLC. Results In all specimens, the ligament originated from the posteromedial border of the lateral malleolus between the posterior tibiofibular ligament (superior border) and the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL), (inferior border). Thi
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8

Mason, Lyndon, Lara Jayatilaka, Lauren Fisher, Andrew Fisher, Eric Swanton, and Andrew Molloy. "Anatomy of the Lateral Plantar Ligaments of the Transverse Metatarsal Arch." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 3, no. 3 (2018): 2473011418S0034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011418s00342.

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Category: Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: The anatomy of the Lisfranc complex is well understood. In contrast, the lateral tarsometatarsal ligamentous structures are under-investigated. Our study aimed to identify the plantar ligamentous structures of the lateral tarsometatarsal joints and their significance in transverse metatarsal arch injuries. Methods: We examined 10 cadaveric lower limbs that had been preserved for dissection at the Human Anatomy and Resource Centre at Liverpool University in a solution of formaldehyde. The lower limbs were carefully dissected to identify the ligam
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9

Nag, Kushal, and Ken Jin Tan. "Lateral Ankle Ligament Repair: Evolution of Technique from Open to Arthroscopy." Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery (Asia Pacific) 1, no. 2 (2014): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10040-1015.

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ABSTRACT One of the most common injuries of the lower extremity is the lateral ankle sprain. In recent years, with greater emphasis on physical fitness, the chronically painful and unstable lateral ankle is an increasing common clinical finding presenting to the outpatient clinic. If residual instability and pain is still present after a course of physiotherapy, the patient should be presented with surgical options to restore ankle stability. Several surgical techniques have been described for the treatment of chronic ankle instability. Recently, some authors have developed arthroscopic suture
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10

Haj Hmaidi, Mohamed A., Fedor L. Lazko, Aleksey P. Prizov, et al. "Mid-term results of the treatment of acute postero-lateral rotational instability of the elbow joint." Journal of Clinical Practice 14, no. 2 (2023): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/clinpract225840.

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Background: Dislocations of the forearm are rare injuries with the annual incidence of 6.1 cases per 100 000 population. Postero-lateral rotational instability is the most common complication after the conservative treatment of forearm dislocations. To restore the congruency and provide early movements in the elbow joint, the primary repair or reconstruction of the damaged ligaments of the elbow are required. Aim: to evaluate the clinical and functional results after the surgical repair of the elbow joint ligaments in acute postero-lateral rotational instability. Methods: The study was based o
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Mason, Lyndon, Malwattage Lara Tania Jayatilaka, Andrew Fisher, Lauren Fisher, Eric Swanton, and Andrew Molloy. "Anatomy of the Lateral Plantar Ligaments of the Transverse Metatarsal Arch." Foot & Ankle International 41, no. 1 (2019): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100719873971.

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Background: While the anatomy of the Lisfranc complex is well understood, the lateral tarsometatarsal ligamentous structures, in contrast, are less well studied. Our aim in this study was to identify an anatomical explanation as to why the second to fifth metatarsals function as a unit in homolateral and divergent midfoot injuries. Methods: Eleven cadaveric lower limbs, preserved in formaldehyde, were examined at the University of Liverpool Human Anatomy and Resource Centre. Each of the lower limbs was dissected to identify the plantar aspect of the transverse metatarsal arch. Results: On remo
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Huddleston, Hailey P., Jorge Chahla, Safa Gursoy, et al. "A Comprehensive Description of the Lateral Patellofemoral Complex: Anatomy and Anisometry." American Journal of Sports Medicine 50, no. 4 (2022): 984–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465221078033.

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Background: The lateral patellofemoral complex (LPFC) is an important stabilizer of the patella composed of the lateral retinacular structures including the lateral patellofemoral ligament (LPFL), the lateral patellomeniscal ligament (LPML), and the lateral patellotibial ligament (LPTL). While the isolated anatomy of the LPFL has been previously described, no previous study has investigated the entirety of the LPFC structure, length changes, and radiographic landmarks. An understanding of LPFC anatomy is important in the setting of LPFL injury or previous lateral release resulting in iatrogeni
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Kim, Jong-Pil, Ji-Kang Park, Joon-Young Yoo, Won-Jeong Shin, Jeong-Sang Kim, and Young-IL Kim. "Topographic and Histologic Analysis of the Collateral Ligament Complex around the Elbow." Archives of Hand and Microsurgery 26, no. 3 (2021): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12790/ahm.21.0113.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate topographic anatomy of the footprints of key ligaments of the elbow and assess their relationships with bony parameters using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Additionally, the ratios of type I/III collagen at the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) of elbow were investigated.Methods: Eleven cadaveric elbows attached by both the MCL and LCL were scanned using micro-CT and reconstructed three-dimensionally. Additionally, the ligaments were examined under polarized light microscopy to determine the histolo
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Sears, Benjamin W., Grant E. Garrigues, Dan Witmer, and Matthew L. Ramsey. "Reefing Procedure for Lateral Collateral Ligament Attenuation during Ligamentous Repair for Elbow Trauma." Shoulder & Elbow 4, no. 4 (2012): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-5740.2012.00197.x.

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Background Injury to the lateral soft tissue structures is common after complex elbow trauma and instability. Typically, this consists of lateral collateral ligamentous complex avulsion from the lateral distal humeral condyle. However, in some cases, attenuation of the ligament midsubstance may also occur, potentially resulting in residual ligamentous laxity after repair. Methods From 2007 to 2011, 37 patients were identified through a current procedural terminology code search as having undergone lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL) repair during surgery for trauma to their elbow and were
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15

Filippi, Jorge, Paulina Gutierrez, Rony A. Silvestre, et al. "Role of the Lateral Ankle Ligaments in the Vertical Stability of the Fibula." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 7, no. 2 (2022): 2473011421S0052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011421s00526.

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Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics; Ankle; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: In unstable ankle fractures, syndesmosis and the deltoid ligament have been widely studied, and their importance in their pathophysiology and treatment is recognized. This is not the case of the ankle lateral ligaments, and in particular, their role in the vertical stability of the fibula is unknown. Given their anatomical position, they should avoid proximal translation of the distal fragment of the fibula fracture. Purpose: To quantify the superior translation of the fibula by applying a constant proximal traction force
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Purevsuren, Tserenchimed, Kyungsoo Kim, Myagmarbayar Batbaatar, SuKyoung Lee, and Yoon Hyuk Kim. "Influence of ankle joint plantarflexion and dorsiflexion on lateral ankle sprain: A computational study." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 232, no. 5 (2018): 458–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411918762955.

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Understanding the mechanism of injury involved in lateral ankle sprain is essential to prevent injury, to establish surgical repair and reconstruction, and to plan reliable rehabilitation protocols. Most studies for lateral ankle sprain posit that ankle inversion, internal rotation, and plantarflexion are involved in the mechanism of injury. However, recent studies indicated that ankle dorsiflexion also plays an important role in the lateral ankle sprain mechanism. In this study, the contributions of ankle plantarflexion and dorsiflexion on the ankle joint were evaluated under complex combinat
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17

Mirilas, Petros, and J. E. Skandalakis. "Benign Anatomical Mistakes: Right and Left Coronary Ligaments." American Surgeon 68, no. 9 (2002): 832–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480206800921.

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Peritoneal attachments of the liver to the diaphragm include the falciform ligament, the left triangular ligament, and the coronary ligament with the right triangular ligament. It is often surgically convenient when the gastroesophageal junction is explored to refer to a “right” and a “left” coronary ligament, but this is anatomically unjustified. To reassess the issue there are no “right” and “left” coronary ligaments; there are only the left triangular ligament and the complex of coronary and right triangular ligament. The latter is the lateral unification of the layers of the coronary ligam
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18

Sanju Rawal, Rajendra KC, Subhash Chandra Yadav, et al. "Role of MRI in Evaluation of Post-Traumatic Knee Injuries: A Prospective Study." Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences 12, no. 01 (2024): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v12i01.65537.

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INTRODUCTIONThe knee joint is the largest and most complex joint in the human body. Therefore it is often affected by trauma. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging modality that provides detailed images of the soft tissue structures of the knee joint. The objective of this study was to evaluate MRI findings in patients with post-traumatic knee joint injuries. MATERIAL AND METHODSThis prospective study was carried out using a 3.0 Tesla MRI (Magnetom Lumina) scanner in the Department of Radiodiagno- sis and Medical Imaging at Universal College of Medical Sciences &amp; Teachi
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Stavinoha, Tyler J., Peter C. Cannamela, Theodore J. Ganley, and Kevin G. Shea. "PEDIATRIC ELBOW COLLATERAL AND ANNULAR LIGAMENT ANATOMY: A CT-BASED CADAVERIC STUDY." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 4_suppl3 (2020): 2325967120S0026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00264.

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Background: The medial and lateral ligamentous complexes of the elbow provide static restraint to the elbow and serve as important components of posteromedial and posterolateral rotatory instability. Many collateral ligament and medial epicondylar injuries require surgical repair in those with open physes. Little is known about the anatomy of the pediatric elbow and the relationship between these ligaments and physes. Purpose: To evaluate the anterior bundle of the medial collateral ligament complex, lateral ulnar collateral ligament, annular ligament, and relationships to the joint surfaces a
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Arangio, George A., and Edward W. Cohen. "Incidence of Associated Knee Lesions with Torn Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Retrospective Cohort Assessment." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 7, no. 1 (1998): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.7.1.1.

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The records of 141 consecutive patients with confirmed complete anterior cruciate ligament injuries were reviewed retrospectively. One hundred and sixty-two associated injuries were divided into 25 injury complexes. Isolated injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament occurred in 40 cases (28.4%). Injuries of the medial meniscus occurred in 62 cases (38.2%), while injuries of the lateral meniscus occurred in 37 cases (22.8%). Injuries to the medial collateral ligament complex occurred in 42 cases (25.9%). Injuries to the lateral collateral ligament, posterior deep popliteus-arcuate ligament com
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LiMarzi, Gary, Kurt Scherer, and Jack Porrino. "Visualization of the Ankle Lateral Collateral Ligament Complex." PM&R 9, no. 10 (2017): 1051–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2017.06.006.

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Kobayashi, Takumi, Daisuke Suzuki, Yu Kondo, et al. "Morphological characteristics of the lateral ankle ligament complex." Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 42, no. 10 (2020): 1153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-020-02461-3.

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Cerezal, Alvaro, Ronald Ocampo, Eva Llopis, and Luis Cerezal. "Ankle Instability Update." Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology 27, no. 03 (2023): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1767767.

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AbstractSprains are the most frequent injuries of the ankle, especially in sports. Up to 85% of cases affect the lateral ligament complex. Multi-ligament injuries with associated lesions of the external complex, deltoid, syndesmosis, and sinus tarsi ligaments are also common. Most ankle sprains respond to conservative treatment. However, up to 20 to 30% of patients can develop chronic ankle pain and instability.New concepts have been recently developed, based on arthroscopic advances, such as microinstability and rotatory ankle instability. These entities could be precursors of mechanical ankl
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Theodorou, D. J., S. J. Theodorou, D. C. Fithian, L. Paxton, D. H. Garelick, and D. Resnick. "Posterolateral complex knee injuries: magnetic resonance imaging with surgical correlation." Acta Radiologica 46, no. 3 (2005): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841850510021067.

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Purpose: To describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of injuries of the posterolateral aspect of the knee and to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of MRI in the assessment of these injuries. Material and Methods: The MRI studies of 14 patients (mean age 33 years) with trauma to the posterolateral aspect of the knee were retrospectively reviewed, and the imaging findings were correlated with those of surgery. Results: In all patients, MRI showed an intact iliotibial (ITB) band. MRI showed injury to the biceps tendon in 11 (79%), the gastrocnemius tendon in 1 (7%), the popliteus
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Mok, Sophie, Nessrin Almaghtuf, and Jennifer Paxton. "FOOTPRINT ANALYSIS OF THE LATERAL LIGAMENTS OF THE ANKLE: A NEW APPROACH." Orthopaedic Proceedings 105-B, SUPP_16 (2023): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2023.16.025.

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AbstractThe lateral ligaments of the ankle composed of the anterior talofibular (ATFL), calcaneofibular (CFL) and posterior talofibular ligaments (PTFL), are amongst the most commonly injured ligaments of the human body. Although treatment methods have been explored exhaustively, healing outcomes remain poor with high rates of re-injury, chronic ankle instability and pain persisting. The introduction and application of tissue engineering methods may target poor healing outcomes and eliminate long-term complications, improving the overall quality of life of affected individuals. For any surgica
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Amarasooriya, Melanie. "Posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow." Sri Lankan Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 8, no. 1 (2022): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/tsljos.v8i1.4.

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Posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI) of the elbow is the most common chronic instability pattern identified. It is the resultant ulno-humeral instability secondary to compromised lateral ligament complex. The characteristic injury is the avulsion of the lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL) from its humeral attachment. Acute PLRI can present following simple or complex elbow dislocations. Chronic PLRI mostly follows trauma but also can be the result of iatrogenic injury.
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Tyuryupov, Mark S., Ivan V. Gaivoronsky, Aleksey L. Kudyashev, and Ivan S. Bazarov. "Improvement of surgical treatment of patients with posttraumatic posterior-lateral instability of the knee joint." Russian Military Medical Academy Reports 40, no. 1 (2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rmmar64488.

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One of the most pressing and complex problems of modern orthopedics is the treatment of patients with multiligamentary knee injury. The most difficult category of patients is considered, in whom, along with rupture of one or both cruciate ligaments, damage to the ligamentous-tendon complex, which provides posterolateral stability of the knee joint, occurs. These structures, which have received the name posterolateral angle of the knee joint in the specialized scientific literature, usually include the peroneal collateral ligament, the hamstring of the popliteal muscle and the peroneal-poplitea
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Herbst, Elmar, Marcio Albers, Jeremy M. Burnham, Freddie H. Fu, and Volker Musahl. "The Anterolateral Complex of the Knee." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 5, no. 10 (2017): 232596711773080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117730805.

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Background: Significant controversy exists regarding the anterolateral structures of the knee. Purpose: To determine the layer-by-layer anatomic structure of the anterolateral complex of the knee. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Twenty fresh-frozen cadaveric knees (age range, 38-56 years) underwent a layer-by-layer dissection to systematically expose and identify the various structures of the anterolateral complex. Quantitative measurements were performed, and each layer was documented with high-resolution digital imaging. Results: The anterolateral complex of the knee con
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Bernholt, David L., Samuel I. Rosenberg, Alex W. Brady, Hunter W. Storaci, Randall W. Viola, and Thomas R. Hackett. "Quantitative and Qualitative Analyses of the Lateral Ligamentous Complex and Extensor Tendon Origins of the Elbow: An Anatomic Study." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 10 (2020): 232596712096137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120961373.

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Background: The lateral collateral ligament complex of the elbow is important in preventing posterolateral rotary instability of the elbow. Understanding the quantitative anatomy of this ligamentous complex and the overlying extensor musculature can aid in the surgical treatment of problems affecting the lateral side of the elbow. Purpose: To perform qualitative and quantitative anatomic evaluations of the lateral elbow ligamentous complex and common extensor muscle origins with specific attention to pertinent osseous landmarks. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A total of 1
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Nunes, Gustavo A., Miki Dalmau-Pastor, Jordi Vega, and Guillame Cordier. "Connecting Fibers Between ATFL's Inferior Fascicle and CFL Transmit Tension Between Both Ligaments." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 7, no. 4 (2022): 2473011421S0085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011421s00855.

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Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics; Ankle Introduction/Purpose: The lateral ligament complex of the ankle has been extensively studied. Recently an anatomical study described a connection between anterior talofibular ligament inferior fascicle (ATFLif) and calcaneofibular ligament (CFL). The applicability and the mechanical role of these connections have not yet been studied and need to be clarified. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the connection between ATFLif and CFL through a dynamic measurement analysis. Methods: An anatomical study was performed in 13 fresh-frozen below-the-knee
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Hill, Cherice N., Matthew C. Coombs, Sarah E. Cisewski, et al. "Structure-function relationships of TMJ lateral capsule-ligament complex." Journal of Biomechanics 130 (January 2022): 110889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110889.

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Neuschwander, Timothy B., Andrew A. Indresano, Tudor H. Hughes, and Bertil W. Smith. "Footprint of the Lateral Ligament Complex of the Ankle." Foot & Ankle International 34, no. 4 (2013): 582–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100712466851.

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Ferran, Nicholas Antonio, and Nicola Maffulli. "Epidemiology of Sprains of the Lateral Ankle Ligament Complex." Foot and Ankle Clinics 11, no. 3 (2006): 659–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcl.2006.07.002.

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Chandran, Avinash, Sarah N. Morris, Adrian J. Boltz, Hannah J. Robison, and Christy L. Collins. "Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Soccer: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019." Journal of Athletic Training 56, no. 7 (2021): 651–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-372-20.

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Context The National Collegiate Athletic Association held the first women's soccer championship in 1982; sponsorship and participation have greatly increased since. Background Routine examinations of athlete injuries are important for identifying emerging temporal patterns. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program during the 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 seasons were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential inj
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Batista, Jorge Pablo, Guillermo Martin Arrondo, Germán Matías-Joannas, Leandro Casola, Lucas Daniel Logiocco, and Lucía Verónica Cangiano. "Anatomo-arthroscopic approach of the lateral ligament complex of the ankle." Journal of the Foot & Ankle 16, no. 1 (2022): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30795/jfootankle.2022.v16.1616.

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Injuries of the lateral ligament complex of the ankle have become increasingly frequent over the last years due to increase in sports practice among the population. These injuries present with good outcomes when treated conservatively. However, 20-25% of patients experience persistent pain or instability and should be approached surgically. Countless open surgical techniques have been published over the last 50 years. Currently knowledge on superficial, deep, and arthroscopic anatomy of ankle has allowed for the development of completely arthroscopic procedures to treat chronic lateral instabi
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Yablon, Corrie, and Kara Gaetke-Udager. "Imaging of Ligamentous Structures within the Knee Includes Much More Than the ACL." Journal of Knee Surgery 31, no. 02 (2018): 130–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1620259.

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AbstractLigamentous structures of the knee are numerous and complex, including the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, medial and lateral collateral ligaments, ligaments of the posteromedial and posterolateral corners, and the anterolateral ligament. Clinical assessment after a knee injury is paramount and can direct both the clinician's choice of imaging study and the radiologist's interpretation. Imaging is crucial in that it provides additional information for diagnosis, management, and surgical planning. Multiple imaging modalities can be used in the evaluation of the knee injuries,
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BOABIGHI, A., J. N. KUHLMANN, and C. KENESI. "The Distal Ligamentous Complex of the Scaphoid and the Scapho-Lunate Ligament. An Anatomic, Histological and Biomechanical study." Journal of Hand Surgery 18, no. 1 (1993): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681(93)90200-y.

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22 fresh cadaver specimens have been examined to study the anatomy, histology and biomechanical features of the ligaments of the proximal and distal poles of the scaphoid. The biomechanical study was carried out by two methods: an analytical one on an Instron machine, and a global one in situ. The different experiments show the predominant role of the distal ligamentous complex of the scaphoid over the scapho-lunate ligament. This contrasts with the generally accepted concept and modifies the management of lateral carpal instability.
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38

Prissel, Mark A., and Thomas S. Roukis. "All-Inside, Anatomical Lateral Ankle Stabilization for Revision and Complex Primary Lateral Ankle Stabilization." Foot & Ankle Specialist 7, no. 6 (2014): 484–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1938640014548418.

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Lateral ankle instability is a common mechanical problem that often requires surgical management when conservative efforts fail. Historically, myriad open surgical approaches have been proposed. Recently, consideration for arthroscopic management of lateral ankle instability has become popular, with promising results. Unfortunately, recurrent inversion ankle injury following lateral ankle stabilization can occur and require revision surgery. To date, arthroscopic management for revision lateral ankle stabilization has not been described. We present a novel arthroscopic technique combining an a
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39

Furumatsu, Takayuki, Yuya Kodama, Ami Maehara, et al. "The anterior cruciate ligament–lateral meniscus complex: A histological study." Connective Tissue Research 57, no. 2 (2015): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03008207.2015.1081899.

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40

Kakegawa, Akira, Nanae Fukushima, Norimi Sumitomo, Ayata Nagira, Tetsuji Moriizumi, and Yusuke Mori. "Continuous and Connective Fibers of the Lateral Ankle Ligament Complex." Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery 59, no. 4 (2020): 679–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2019.09.025.

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41

Penev, Preslav Plamenov. "Lateral ankle ligament complex sprain – epidemiology in Varna region population." Scripta Scientifica Medica 47, no. 3 (2015): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/ssm.v47i3.1215.

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42

Giza, Eric, Edward C. Shin, Stephanie E. Wong, et al. "Arthroscopic Suture Anchor Repair of the Lateral Ligament Ankle Complex." American Journal of Sports Medicine 41, no. 11 (2013): 2567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546513500639.

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43

Fanelli, Gregory C., Bradley F. Giannotti, and Craig J. Edson. "Arthroscopically assisted combined posterior cruciate ligament/posterior lateral complex reconstruction." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 12, no. 5 (1996): 521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-8063(96)90189-9.

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44

Vega, Jordi, Francesc Malagelada, Maria-Cristina Manzanares Céspedes, and Miki Dalmau-Pastor. "The lateral fibulotalocalcaneal ligament complex: an ankle stabilizing isometric structure." Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 28, no. 1 (2018): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-018-5188-8.

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45

Wang, Jingwei, Yinghui Hua, Shiyi Chen, Hongyun Li, Jian Zhang, and Yunxia Li. "Arthroscopic Repair of Lateral Ankle Ligament Complex by Suture Anchor." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 30, no. 6 (2014): 766–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2014.02.023.

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46

Ormsby, Neal, Simon Platt, Gillian Jackson, and Paul Evans. "The Deltoid Ligament." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 3 (2017): 2473011417S0000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000066.

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Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics, Hindfoot, Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: The medial ligaments are integral in stabalising the medial column. Failure of these structures causes adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD). The superomedial-cancaneonavicular component of the spring ligament(SLC) includes the medial capsule of the talonavicular joint and merges with the anterior superficial component of the deltoid complex, stabilising the talonavicular joint. However, when disrupted, it does not cause planovalgus deformity until the foot is cyclically loaded. We hypothesise that the next
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47

Cordier, Guillaume, Gustavo Araujo Nunes, and Miki Dalmau-Pastor. "The mechanical effect of the common fibers of the anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 2_suppl (2021): 2325967121S0000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00008.

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Objectives: The subject of the lateral ankle ligament complex is a familiar one. Common fibers between the inferior bundle of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) have been described. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of transmitting a force to the CFL through the inf. ATFL. Methods: An anatomical study was carried out on 12 ankles. Each specimen was dissected according to a protocol to expose the lateral ligaments. A proximal section was made in the superior and inferior bands of the anterior talofibular ligament. A device c
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48

Frigo, Carlo Albino, and Lucia Donno. "The Effects of External Loads and Muscle Forces on the Knee Joint Ligaments during Walking: A Musculoskeletal Model Study." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (2021): 2356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052356.

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A musculoskeletal model was developed to analyze the tensions of the knee joint ligaments during walking and to understand how they change with changes in the muscle forces. The model included the femur, tibia, patella and all components of cruciate and collateral ligaments, quadriceps, hamstrings and gastrocnemius muscles. Inputs to the model were the muscle forces, estimated by a static optimization approach, the external loads (ground reaction forces and moments) and the knee flexion/extension movement corresponding to natural walking. The remaining rotational and translational movements we
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Sabzevari, Soheil, Amir Ata Rahnemai-Azar, Marcio Albers, Monica Linde, Patrick Smolinski, and Freddie H. Fu. "Anatomic and Histological Investigation of the Anterolateral Capsular Complex in the Fetal Knee." American Journal of Sports Medicine 45, no. 6 (2017): 1383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546517692534.

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Background: There is currently disagreement with regard to the presence of a distinct ligament in the anterolateral capsular complex of the knee and its role in the pivot-shift mechanism and rotatory laxity of the knee. Purpose: To investigate the anatomic and histological properties of the anterolateral capsular complex of the fetal knee to determine whether there exists a distinct ligamentous structure running from the lateral femoral epicondyle inserting into the anterolateral tibia. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Twenty-one unpaired, fresh fetal lower limbs, gestation
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Kim, Yoon-Chung, and Sung Hyun Cho. "Apoptosis Occurs in Anterior Talofibular Ligament of Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability: Biochemical Evidence from Bench to Bed." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 7, no. 1 (2022): 2473011421S0028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011421s00281.

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Category: Ankle; Basic Sciences/Biologics; Sports Introduction/Purpose: Chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) is a common entity that can result in degenerative arthritis if left untreated. CLAI is treated operatively, while acute ligament injury, so-called 'ankle sprain' is primarily treated nonoperatively with good clinical outcomes. This widely accepted opinion has been proved by clinical scoring system, physical examination, stress radiographs, ultrasonography, or magnetic resonance imaging. However, some surgeons often rush to perform the operative repair for acute ankle ligament injur
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