Academic literature on the topic 'Lateran Accords'
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Journal articles on the topic "Lateran Accords"
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Pease, Neal. "Poland and the Holy See, 1918-1939." Slavic Review 50, no. 3 (1991): 521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2499849.
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From 1918 to 1939, a diplomatic partnership between the Holy See and Poland appeared extremely likely. Since 1870 the Vatican had sought to restore the temporal status it had lost during Italian unification. The Lateran accords of 1929 resolved the Roman question and confirmed the disputed sovereignty of the papal enclave. This achievement, however, was only part of the Apostolic See's determined efforts to fortify its international standing in a continent dominated by Protestant, anticlerical, or atheist states. The Vatican seemed to be a natural match for revived Poland, a nation renowned for its fealty to Rome and menaced by Germany and Russia, traditional antagonists of the papacy and champions of totalitarian doctrines that the church regarded as inimical.
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Kent, Peter C. "The Catholic Church in the Italian Empire, 1936‑1938." Historical Papers 19, no. 1 (April 26, 2006): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/030921ar.
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Résumé Les accords du Lateran de 1929 inaugurèrent une période d'étroite collaboration entre l'Eglise catholique romaine et l'Etat italien sous Mussolini. Cependant la politique italienne en Abyssinie, après la conquête de ce pays en 1936, exacerba les tensions qui avaient résulté à la fois des politiques intérieures et de l'appui de l'Italie aux activités antirelig ieuses en A llemagne .Cet exposé traite de V évolution de la politique italienne en Abyssinie et du désenchantement graduel de l'Eglise face aux résultats de ces accords. En matière d'affaires intérieures, l'ère du Vatican portait sur le manifeste du gouverne- ment Mussolini (1938) sur la pureté de la race, et sur la législation antisémitique qui en découla. La hiérarchie ecclésiastique d'Italie avait présumé que son appui à i interven- tion italienne en Afrique entraînerait l'adoption, par le gouvernement, d'une politique de christianisation. Pour maintenir une certaine stabilité intérieure, le gouvernement choisit de suivre une stratégie de tolérance religieuse, d'ailleurs défendue par le ministère de la colonisation. Cette approche aliéna le Saint-siège qui, contrairement à la hiérarchie italienne, n'avait jamais été en faveur d'une guerre impériale. Cette politique de tolérance était contraire aux plans de l'Eglise pour la conversion au catholicisme de ce territoire, et gênait ses activités missionnaires. Les musulmans étaient particulièrement favorisés car, de l'avis du ministère de la colonisation, leur appui était essentiel au maintien du contrôle impérial. On croyait également que cette coopération aiderait les Italiens dans leurs relations avec d'autres puissances islami- ques du Moyen-orient. Il n'y a pas que l'Eglise qui s'opposait aux actions du ministère de la colonisation; le ministère des affaires étrangères croyait qu'on devait utiliser l'Eglise comme instrument de l expansion italienne. Cependant, la position du ministère de la colonisation préva- lut. Peu importe leur religion, les missionnaires qui s'opposaient aux désirs de l'Italie pour la nouvelle colonie étaient punis. Lorsque les affaires extérieures tentèrent d'inter- venir en faveur des missionnaires britanniques, Mussolini appuya la politique du ministère de la colonisation, et même l'élargit; désormais, aucun étranger ne pouvait enseigner dans l'Empire. Le ministère de la colonisation consolida son emprise, ordonnant au Saint-siège de remplacer les missionnaires catholiques Français par des Italiens. Réagissant, le Vatican créa une commission pontificale qui, en dernière analyse, se plia à la plupart des exigences du ministère. Sur les questions litigieuses, le ministère demeurait inébranlable; le Pape envoya alors en Abyssinie un visiteur apostolique qui, il l'espérait, améliorerait la position de l'Eglise. Finalement, le ministère de la colonisation accéda à la demande de l'Eglise pour la création d'une hiérarchie ecclésiastique distincte pour la colonie; peu après, l'Eglise reconnut Victor Emmanuel comme empereur a"Abyssinie. Cependant, malgré cette entente, la politique de tolérance de VEtat Italien avait causé des dommages irréparables à la coopération entre ce dernier et l'Eglise catholique romaine. L'hostilité du gouvernement face aux prétentions de l'Eglise au sein de l'Empire constituent un fondement essentiel de l'attaque du Pape sur la politique raciale italienne de 1938.
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Bolton, Brenda. "‘A Faithful and Wise Servant’? Innocent III (1198–1216) Looks at his Household." Studies in Church History 50 (2014): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400001649.
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Arriving at the Lateran on 8 January 1198, officials conducted Innocent III (born Lotari dei Conti di Segni) ceremonially to his apartments within the palace, there to rest, pray and dine.’ Foremost amongst his concerns was the household, last reformed by Gregory I (590–604). Whilst Innocent clearly adopted Gregory as his model, both for the shaping of his personal life as pope and for his understanding of the papal office, the young pope’s efforts to make his household as exemplary as that of his great predecessor have not received the attention they undoubtedly deserve. Gregory’s finest Life, composed c.875 by John, a Roman deacon, uses material from the early vitae, thus avoiding the ‘scrappy and grudging’ biography of the Liber pontificalis. Instead, John draws extensively on Gregory’s letters and the crumbling but then still extant papyrus volumes of the Registrum to demonstrate how this pope transformed his household into monastery, hospice and refuge. Three centuries later, the author of the Gesta Innocentii or Deeds of Innocent III could do no better than to adapt portions of John’s Life to highlight reforms not evidenced since the sixth century Like Gregory, Innocent wished to restore the ideas of the apostolic age to the Church. And where better to begin the spiritual renewal than within a reformed household? His inaugural sermon as pope on St Matthew’s faithful and wise servant accords perfectly with John the Deacon’s view of Gregory as paterfamilias Domini, head of the Lord’s household. Innocent, therefore, regarded the household not only as a metaphor for the congregation of the faithful but also, like Gregory before him, as a model to be used by missionaries to plant and nurture the faith throughout Christendom. Whilst the ongoing conversion of Livonia would provide Innocent with a rare opportunity to inculcate the Christian household within a pagan society, in the Patrimony of St Peter he diverged from Gregory’s path by purposeful itineration with his familia, thus initiating a public role for the household.
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D'Rosario, Michael, and John Zeleznikow. "Compliance with International Soft Law." International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences 9, no. 3 (July 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsds.2018070101.
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The present article considers the importance of legal system origin in compliance with ‘international soft law,' or normative provisions contained in non-binding texts. The study considers key economic and governance metrics on national acceptance an implementation of the first Basle accord. Employing a data set of 70 countries, the present study considers the role of market forces and bilateral and multi-lateral pressures on implementation of soft law. There is little known about the role of legal system structure-related variables as factors moderating the implementation of multi-lateral agreements and international soft law, such as the 1988 accord. The present study extends upon research within the extant literature by employing a novel estimation method, a neural network modelling technique, with multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network (MPANN). Consistent with earlier studies, the article identifies a significant and positive effect associated with democratic systems and the implementation of the Basle accord. However, extending upon traditional estimation techniques, the study identifies the significance of savings rates and government effectiveness in determining implementation. Notably, the method is able to achieve a superior goodness of fit and predictive accuracy in determining implementation.
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Brage, Michael E., Matthew Rockett, Robert Vraney, Robert Anderson, and Alicia Toledano. "Ankle Fracture Classification: A Comparison of Reliability of Three X-ray Views Versus Two." Foot & Ankle International 19, no. 8 (August 1998): 555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110079801900809.
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Our hypothesis was that malleolar ankle fractures could be classified with two radiographic views as reliably as with three views. Four different observers independently evaluated 99 sets of ankle radiographs. The examiners classified the ankle fractures by using both the Lauge-Hansen and Danis-Weber systems. The interobserver and intraobserver variations were analyzed by kappa statistics. With regard to intraexaminer reliability, the examiners demonstrated excellent accord in classifying the fractures in the Danis-Weber system with either three views or two views. The kappa values were comparable. In the Lauge-Hansen system, three examiners demonstrated excellent accord and one examiner demonstrated good accord in classifying the fractures. Similar kappa values were generated when examiners classified fractures with either three views or two views. With regard to interexaminer reliability, good to excellent accord was demonstrated overall among the four examiners when they used the Danis-Weber system with either three views or two views. The examiners were in good agreement when they used the Lauge-Hansen system. Similar kappa values were generated whether the examiners used three views or two views. Three radiographic views are usually ordered for evaluation of an acute ankle injury. Previous studies have shown that only two views are needed for diagnosis of a malleolar ankle fracture. This study demonstrates that malleolar ankle fractures can be classified with two views, lateral or mortise, with a reliability as good as that achieved with three views. The best agreement is achieved with lateral and mortise views.
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Carlquist, Sherwin. "Pentaphragma: A Unique Wood and its Significance." IAWA Journal 18, no. 1 (1997): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001453.
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Qualitative and quantitative data are given for wood anatomy of three species of Pentaphragma (Pentaphragmataceae); the woods of the three species are very similar. Pentaphragma is rayless, but eventually develops rays in at least one of the species studied. This is interpreted as related to secondary woodiness or upright habit within a predominantly herbaceous phylad. The vessel elements of Pentaphragma have features universally interpreted as primitive in dicotyledons: scalariform perforation plates with numerous bars; pit membrane remnants in perforations; scalariform lateral wall pitting; the genus also has fiber-tracheids with prominently bordered pits. These character states accord with the basal position in Campanulales accorded Pentaphragmataceae by Cosner et al. (1992), and suggests that order may have begun with more numerous primitive features than generally recognized. The presence of occasional scalariform perforation plates, often aberrant, in secondary xylem of families of Asterales sensu lato - Campanulaceae, Pentaphragmataceae, Valerianaceae, and even Asteraceae (e.g., certain Lactuceae) - can be attributed to paedomorphosis, extending these plates into secondary xylem from primary xylem. Raylessness in Pentaphragma can be described in terms of secondary woodiness or paedomorphosis. The fact that fiber-tracheids are shorter than vessel elements in Pentaphragma is believed related to raylessness also, because some fiber-tracheids are produced from 'potential' ray areas.
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Du, Chuang, Xi Kang Yan, and Hai Long Zhao. "The Finite Element Model Improvement on Shear Behavior of RC Frame Columns under Lateral Bevel Load." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 2609–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.2609.
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The finite element models of biaxial shear capacity of RC frame columns are investigated.The calculation results and experimental results are compared using the different models.It is shown that different finite element models are effectively used to simulate the RC frame column. However, the simplified model may save computer time and be more convenient for the numerical simulation. Finally, the bilateral shear correlation of RC frame column is investigated using the simplified model. The results indicate that the bilateral shear correlation of the RC frame columns with different quantity of stirrups in two directions accords with the ellipse law and the fitting formula is presented.
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Pang, Gui Bing, Xieeryazidan Adayi, Ning Ma, Wen Ji Xu, and Jin Jin Zhou. "Modeling and Experiment of Anodic Smoothening in Electrochemical Finishing Based on Lateral Direction Dissolution." Advanced Materials Research 53-54 (July 2008): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.53-54.21.
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From the viewpoint of the change of the anodic surface microtopography in the process of Electrochemical Finishing (ECF), this paper studies the anodic smoothening mechanism of ECF and puts forward the directional issue of the dissolution of anodic surface in the microtopography sense. On condition that the anodic material is dissolved along with the normal direction of the micro-profile on the anodic surface, the influence of wave length of the micro-profile on the smoothening effect is discussed in detail and the mathematical model based on the “lateral direction dissolution” is established. Finally, ECP is taken as the example and the experiment is carried out, the result shows that the smoothening rule obtained by experiment accords with that by calculation.
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Di Taranto, Enrico. "Il co-branding nell'industria alberghiera: un caso di studio." ECONOMIA E DIRITTO DEL TERZIARIO, no. 2 (December 2010): 247–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ed2010-002003.
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Il presente lavoro si colloca all'interno del filone di studi che approfondisce le potenzialitŕ e i rischi degli accordi di co-branding nel settore turistico-alberghiero. La formazione di tali accordi č generalmente finalizzata ad allargare il raggio d'azione delle marche coinvolte, ad incrementarne la reputazione al fine di entrare in nuovi mercati, comprendere e presidiare nuove frontiere tecnologiche, ridurre i costi attraverso le economie di scala e/o di condivisione nonché rinnovare l'immagine aziendale (Collesei e Checchinato, 2007; Busacca e Bertoli, 2006). Se fino ad anni relativamente recenti tali accordi hanno riguardato soprattutto le relazioni di tipo verticale e orizzontale, negli ultimi tempi sono andati invece acquisendo rilevanza gli accordi di tipo laterale, in cui la relazione per la condivisione della marca s'instaura fra imprese che operano in settori merceologici differenti: i partner sono cioč aziende che, pur collaborando in alcune attivitŕ, mantengono la propria vocazione a competere in ambiti distinti (Bertoli, 1995; Della Corte e Sciarelli, 2003). In particolare, obiettivo del lavoro sarŕ quello di presentare una iniziativa di cobranding laterale sviluppata da due imprese di grande tradizione e operanti in settori differenziati: l'Hotel "Il San Pietro" di Positano - tra gli alberghi piů prestigiosi al mondo - e la Ceramica Stingo - antica manifattura di maioliche artistiche protagonista del panorama proto-industriale dell'area napoletana. Due imprese, dunque, lontane per settore di attivitŕ, ma vicine per allure, tradizione e qualitŕ, hanno dato vita ad una efficace simbiosi che testimonia come marchi di eccellenza possano interagire, potenziarsi a vicenda e, per quanto riguarda il settore turistico, rappresentare un peculiare fattore di attrattivitŕ di cui l'impresa ricettiva deve dotarsi per posizionarsi in una situazione di vantaggio rispetto ai concorrenti.
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Wu, Han Heng, Tian Hua Zhou, and Yu Shi. "Research on Cooperative Working Performance of Cold-Formed Steel Stud Wall - Steel Frame Structure." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 2501–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.2501.
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Research on cooperative working performance of cold-formed steel stud wall(CFSW) and steel frame(SF) was carried out by analytical method and finite element method. The practical calculation methods of shear force and horizontal displacement for CFSW - SF structure under horizontal load were presented. The superposition principle between CFSW and SF in elastic stage was verified in terms of strength and stiffness. The investigation by FEM indicates that the shear force distribution in elastic stage is in accord with lateral stiffness of CFSW and SF, the shear force distribution rate of CFSW declines along with the increasing of horizontal displacement while thar of SF increases because lateral stiffness of SF degenerates more slowly than that of CFSW.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lateran Accords"
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Litvak, Jennifer Ashley. "The Competition for Influence: Catholic and Fascist Youth Socialization in Interwar Italy." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1209428086.
Full textBooks on the topic "Lateran Accords"
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Salvemini, Cosmo Giacomo Sallustio. Stato e chiesa: Dai patti del Laterano agli accordi di Villa Madama. Roma: Edizioni Ragionamenti, 1985.
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Winkler, Emily A. Within the Providential Plan. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812388.003.0004.
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In the narratives of William and Henry, who explicitly view history through the lens of explanation by providential will, the degree of the king’s causal and moral responsibility is particularly high. Precisely because they write about England’s history using a providential framework, William and Henry accord English kings a wider sphere of causal influence: they can and do cause earthly victories or disasters through their military leadership and personal character. Those under the king’s command are not morally responsible for immoral actions or defeats, a view that marks a departure from earlier medieval political thought, and differs from John of Salisbury’s view of shared responsibility later in the twelfth century. William and Henry find providential explanations necessary, but not sufficient; their narratives demand explanation by reason and individual action as well.
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Heal, Bridget. Lutherans and the Suffering of Christ. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198737575.003.0006.
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Chapter 5 focuses on one particular type of Lutheran devotional image: the crucifix. It examines transformations in Lutheran Passion piety from the early Reformation to the era of Paul Gerhardt (1607–76), using this to illustrate the increasing significance accorded to images. Luther himself had condemned the excesses of late-medieval Passion piety, with its emphasis on compassion for Christ and the Virgin Mary, on physical pain and on tears. From the later sixteenth century onwards, however, Lutheran sermons, devotional literature, prayers and poetry described Christ’s suffering in increasingly graphic terms. Alongside this, late-medieval images of the Passion were restored and new images were produced. Drawing on case studies from the Erzgebirge, a prosperous mining region in southern Saxony, and Upper Lusatia, the chapter investigates the ways in which images of the Passion were used in Lutheran communities during the seventeenth century.
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Vasalou, Sophia, ed. The Measure of Greatness. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198840688.001.0001.
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Magnanimity is a virtue that has led many lives. Foregrounded early on by Plato as the philosophical virtue par excellence, it became one of the crown jewels in Aristotle’s account of human excellence and was accorded an equally salient place by other ancient thinkers. One of the most distinctive elements of the ancient tradition to filter into the medieval Islamic and Christian worlds, it sparked important intellectual engagements there and went on to carve deep tracks through several later philosophies that inherited from this tradition. Under changing names, under reworked forms, it continued to breathe in the thought of Descartes and Hume, Kant and Nietzsche, and their successors. Its many lives have been joined by important continuities. Yet they have also been fragmented by discontinuities—discontinuities reflecting larger shifts in ethical perspectives and competing answers to questions about the nature of the good life, the moral nature of human beings, and their relationship to the social and natural world they inhabit. They have also been punctuated by moments of controversy in which the greatness of this vision of human greatness has itself been called into doubt. This volume provides a window to the complex trajectory of a virtue whose glitter has at times been as heady as it has been divisive. By exploring the many lives it has lived, we will be in a better position to decide whether and why this is a virtue we might still want to make central to our own ethical lives.
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Legaspi, Michael. Wisdom in Classical and Biblical Tradition. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190885120.001.0001.
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The roots of modern culture lie in ancient soil. On this fertile ground grew a two-sided tradition, a dialectical relation between the legacies of ancient Greek civilization on the one hand and theological perspectives based on the Jewish and Christian scriptures on the other. Later periods—the late antique, medieval, and early modern—attest to the fact that, despite essential differences, Greek philosophy and biblical interpretation formed a lasting cultural synthesis. Part of what made this synthesis possible was a shared outlook, a common aspiration toward wholeness of understanding that refused to separate knowledge from goodness, virtue from happiness, cosmos from polis, divine authority from human responsibility. As that which names this wholeness, wisdom features prominently in both classical and biblical literatures as an ultimate good. In its traditional form, wisdom was understood to govern a variety of endeavors. It was a program for human flourishing that accorded with a holistic understanding of reality in its metaphysical, cosmic, political, and personal dimensions. This book explores wisdom and the way it was presented in seminal works: in Greek texts, such as the epics of Homer and the writings of Plato and Aristotle, and in biblical books as well, including Genesis, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Job, Wisdom of Solomon, the Gospels, and the letters of Paul. In doing so, it aims to illuminate the modern legacy of classical and biblical tradition and its distinctive pursuit of wisdom.
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Hinton, Alexander Laban. Performance (Reach Sambath, Public Affairs, and “Justice Trouble”). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820949.003.0008.
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Chapter 5 shifts from aesthetics to performativity, even as the two are intertwined. Just as the parties came together at Tuol Sleng in a performance of transitional justice and law, one that seemed to realize the transitional justice imaginary’s aspiration for transformation, so too did the civil parties enter into legal proceedings that had clear performative dimensions, including an ethnodramatic structure that led some to refer to it as “the show.” Indeed, justice itself is a momentary enactment of law, structured by power including legal codes and the force of law, which is plagued by the impossibility of realizing the universal in the particular, a dilemma Derrida has discussed in terms of justice always being something that is “to come.” Other scholarship, ranging from Butler’s ideas about the performativity of gender to Lacan’s theorization of the self, similarly discusses how idealizations break down even as they are performatively asserted with the momentary manifestation of the particular never able to fully accord with idealized aspirations—including those of the transitional justice imaginary and its facadist externalizations. The chapter begins with a discussion of the ways in which Vann Nath’s testimony illustrates the ways the court seeks to performatively assert justice through courtroom rituals, roles, and discourses. The chapter then turns to examine the related work of the court’s “public face,” the Public Affairs Section (PAS), which promoted its success in busing in tens of thousands of Cambodians as evidence of public engagement with the court. The chapter discusses some of the ways in which the head of the PAS, Reach Sambath, who was sometimes referred to as “Spokesperson for the Ghosts,” translated justice when interacting with such Cambodians with many of whom he shared a deep Buddhist belief. I then explore the issues of “Justice Trouble,” or some of the ways in which the instability of the juridical performance at the ECCC broke down, including Theary Seng’s later condemnation of the court.
Book chapters on the topic "Lateran Accords"
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Yousef, Ahmed. "Out of the Ashes of Oslo: The Rise of Islamism and the Fall of Favoritism." In The Oslo Accords. American University in Cairo Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5743/cairo/9789774167706.003.0010.
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This chapter discusses the failure of the Oslo Accords and the rise of Islamism. The implementation of the Oslo Accords, or lack thereof, provided the greatest platform for the strengthening of Palestinian opposition groups in the Occupied Territories, at the same time weakening the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). Islamism in particular grew rapidly in the years that followed the 1993 signing. Organized political and militant Islamist groups first emerged in the early days of the first Intifada, which began in 1987. It was not until six years later, however, that they overshadowed the PLO in Palestinians' minds as the carriers of the torch of resistance. Thirteen years later that shift in allegiance was evident when Hamas, the Islamic Resistance Movement, won national legislative elections in 2006.
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Whitbeck, John V. "A Legal Perspective on Oslo." In The Oslo Accords. American University in Cairo Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5743/cairo/9789774167706.003.0008.
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On August 13, 1993, it was announced that secret Israeli–Palestinian negotiations, facilitated by the government of Norway, had produced the agreement which, exactly one month later, was signed between the State of Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) as the “Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements” (DOP). This chapter presents the author's account of his role in post-DOP negotiations, which involved serving as a legal advisor to the Palestinian negotiating team during the final week of the negotiations in Cairo, which produced the first post-DOP implementing agreement, the Gaza/Jericho Withdrawal Agreement, signed on May 4, 1994.
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Falk, Richard. "After Oslo: A Legal Historical Perspective." In The Oslo Accords. American University in Cairo Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5743/cairo/9789774167706.003.0007.
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This chapter revisits the Oslo Accords twenty years later. When the Oslo Accords were signed on September 13, 1993, many thought that finally the Israel–Palestine conflict was winding down or, at worst, entering its final phase. However, from the perspective of 2013, the prospect of peaceful resolution seems more elusive than ever, and indeed conditions have changed so adversely as to make any assertion of an attainable and sustainable peace seem to be at best an exercise in wishful thinking and at worst an expression of bad faith. In a sense, the overarching question twenty years after the Oslo Accords is whether this dismal conclusion that the peace option is now foreclosed for both sides is persuasive or not. If so, what now?
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D'Rosario, Michael, and John Zeleznikow. "Compliance with International Soft Law." In Natural Language Processing, 49–64. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0951-7.ch004.
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The present article considers the importance of legal system origin in compliance with ‘international soft law,' or normative provisions contained in non-binding texts. The study considers key economic and governance metrics on national acceptance an implementation of the first Basle accord. Employing a data set of 70 countries, the present study considers the role of market forces and bilateral and multi-lateral pressures on implementation of soft law. There is little known about the role of legal system structure-related variables as factors moderating the implementation of multi-lateral agreements and international soft law, such as the 1988 accord. The present study extends upon research within the extant literature by employing a novel estimation method, a neural network modelling technique, with multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network (MPANN). Consistent with earlier studies, the article identifies a significant and positive effect associated with democratic systems and the implementation of the Basle accord. However, extending upon traditional estimation techniques, the study identifies the significance of savings rates and government effectiveness in determining implementation. Notably, the method is able to achieve a superior goodness of fit and predictive accuracy in determining implementation.
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Cordonier Segger, Marie-Claire. "International Trade and Investment Agreements in Light of the Integration Principle." In Crafting Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development, 109–18. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0010.
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This chapter asks how the principle of integration can translate to the international level, and reviews and discusses trade and investment treaties in the context of this principle. It begins by proving that sustainable development is a ‘purpose’ of over thirty treaties, and that they explicitly commit to achieve this purpose in very diverse sectors and ways, using the FAO Seed Treaty as an example to prove this point. It considers the role of the ‘purposive approach’ in treaty interpretation, in light of the interpretive rules of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), and the limitations of this approach, noting alternative views that are equally relevant. The chapter then goes on to discuss how the integration principle might assist in interpreting provisions of trade and investment agreements, as a basis for later examination of progress in the World Trade Organization (WTO), and in bilateral and regional economic negotiations which make an explicit commitment to sustainable development.
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Wolfson, Elliot R. "Recovering Futurity: Theorizing the End and the End of Theory." In Jews and the Ends of Theory, 293–312. Fordham University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823282005.003.0012.
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This chapter addresses the co-dependence of people's conceptions of end and of beginning. To comprehend the beginning, one must think of it from the perspective of futurity, from the perspective, that is, of the ultimate end. Consequently, the beginning lies not in the past but, rather, in the future. The chapter then relates this mode of philosophizing with the way people understand Jewish eschatology, which lies at the center of Jewish theorization about time. In Jewish eschatology, what is yet to come is understood as what has already happened, whereas what has happened is derived from what is yet to come. Martin Heidegger has dismissed Judaism as a religion that by its very nature cannot experience temporality authentically. Yet his own understanding of temporality accords well with rabbinic conceptions of temporality and later kabbalistic eschatologies.
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Kantzer Komline, Han-luen. "The Created Will." In Augustine on the Will, 15–58. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190948801.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 introduces Augustine’s earliest conception of will, synthesizing his comments in a number of his key anti-Manichean works as well as in two of his early classics, Soliloquies and On Free Will. Augustine’s conception of will in these texts is already both theological and biblically informed, though not in quite the same way as it will be in more mature periods. Augustine elaborates his understanding of will in these early works in light of, and in support of, general principles emerging from scripture as a whole—creation, God’s justice, the analogy between divine and creaturely being as expressed, for example, in the doctrine of the imago dei—whereas later he will rely to a greater extent on specific biblical pericopes. The resulting portrait of will accords it enormous importance, power, and potential for goodness. To speak in Augustine’s own terms, the will is a hinge (cardo) upon which the moral status of each act and the possibility of attaining fellowship with God depend.
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Levey, Samuel. "The Continuum, the Infinitely Small, and the Law of Continuity in Leibniz." In The History of Continua, 123–57. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809647.003.0007.
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This chapter studies Leibniz’s watershed contributions to the analysis of continuity. Special attention is given to two early texts, Pacidius Philalethi and De Quadratura Arithmetica (both 1676), that document his central views on the composition of the continuum and the foundations of his infinitesimal geometry (and, later, his infinitesimal calculus); and to a handful of later documents, notably Specimen geometriae luciferae (1695) and Cum prodiisset (c. 1701), which reveal Leibniz’s groundbreaking new analysis of the concept of continuity of space, his definition of continuity for functions, and his most considered defense of the use of infinitesimals in his calculus as fictions. Leibniz holds that real quantities in nature are always actually infinitely divided into parts but never into points or infinitesimals. Contrary to popular history, Leibniz’s calculus is not committed to infinitesimals but is developed in strict accord with the axiom of Archimedes and the related principle that quantities that differ by less than any given quantity are equal.
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Wood, Alastair. "Biographical Introduction." In George Gabriel Stokes, 1–22. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198822868.003.0001.
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This chapter is an introductory biography of the life and works of Sir G. G. Stokes from his early life in Ireland, through his career in Cambridge as student and fellow of Pembroke, to his election as Lucasian Professor of Mathematics. It summarizes his lasting contributions to mathematics, optics, and continuum mechanics and his later role as Secretary and President of the Royal Society, particularly during the period of the Creation versus Evolution controversy. The Chapter touches on his family life and religious views, including his interest in the relation between science and religion, concluding with outline of his public life as a Member of Parliament for Cambridge University and mentioning the many honours which were accorded to him in later years.
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Higginson, Pim. "Ouvéa." In Postcolonial Realms of Memory, 236–43. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789620665.003.0022.
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Between 22nd of April and the 5th of May 1988, the now infamous ‘Grotte d’Ouvéa’, event took place. Ouvéa is one of the ‘Loyalty’ islands off the French colony of New Caledonia. Militants fighting for independence took local police hostage and took refuge in a cave. The incident ended with 19 anti-colonial indigenous (or Kanak) fighters and two hostages dead at the hands of French military and paramilitary forces. A year later, Djubelly Wéa gunned down the great Kanak political leader, Jean-Marie Tjibaou (1936-1989) and his aide Yeiwéné Yeiwéné during a ceremony on Ouvéa marking the end to the period of mourning for those killed in the raid. Wéa felt that Djibaou had sold out his people in signing the Matignon accords, a compromise between the forces of the white land-holders and the native people that hoped to end the mounting bloodshed. Djibaou’s death would close a significant chapter in the most recent struggle for independence from French imperialism by an indigenous people. It would also seal the destiny of Ouvéa, and particularly the caves, as a distinct and powerful postcolonial ‘realm of memory.’
Conference papers on the topic "Lateran Accords"
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Bai, Jiang-Tao, Hui-ren Zhu, and Cun-liang Liu. "Film Cooling Characteristic of Double-Fan-Shaped Film Cooling Holes." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59318.
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The film cooling performance downstream of a single row of double-fan-shaped film cooling holes in a flat plate have been investigated by experimental measurements and numerical simulation. The entrance and exit of double-fan-shaped holes are comprised of a lateral expansion of 15° from the original simple cylindrical shape with stream-wise inclination of 45°. The width of the exit face to cylinder diameter ratio is 1.5; the length-to-diameter ratio is 4.24 and the pitch-to-diameter ratio is 3. The experimental method used to obtain the adiabatic film cooling effectiveness values and the heat transfer coefficient is a transient narrow band liquid crystal technique. Both film cooling effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient are measured at three momentum ratios (I = 0.5, 1, 2) at constant Reynolds number (Re = 10000) and free stream turbulence (Tu = 2%). The film cooling effectiveness, heat transfer coefficient and Net Heat Flux Reduction (NHFR) are presented for detailed distribution and span-wise averaged values. Discharge coefficients are also measured in the experiment. A commercial package is used to numerically simulate the flow and heat transfer of double-fan-shaped holes; simple cylindrical holes are also simulated for comparison. Numerical simulation use RNG turbulence model with a standard wall function for near wall region. Experimental and Numerical simulation results show that: 1) the double-fan-shaped holes present higher discharge coefficient than simple cylindrical holes at respective momentum ratio; 2) the numerical simulation film cooling effectiveness results of double-fan-shaped holes accord well with the experimental results; 3) at measured three momentum ratios, the double-fan-shaped holes demonstrate better film cooling performance (higher NHFR) than simple cylindrical holes, better film cooling expansion on span-wise; 4) the best momentum ratio of double-fan-shaped holes is 0.5.
Reports on the topic "Lateran Accords"
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Frankel, Jeffrey. The Plaza Accord, 30 Years Later. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21813.
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