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1
Md Yusof, Zeety, Siti Aishah Mustapa, Yi Zhe Chua, and Jin Chai Lee. "Enhancing Compressive Strength of Laterite Soil through the Agricultural Waste Material Bamboo Ash Stabilization." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 132, no. 1 (2025): 147–60. https://doi.org/10.37934/aram.132.1.147160.
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All types of soil are used as the ground foundation to support the construction of any structures including roads and buildings. Laterite soil has the properties of cohesive and cohesionless soil. This is because its properties are mostly well-graded including silt, clay, sand, and gravel. However, laterite soil's physical and mechanical properties require improvement. Potential laterite soil used for the construction of roads and development activity is necessary for geotechnical application. Therefore, this research aims to study the performance stability in compressive strength of native laterite soil with bamboo ash (BA). The testing experiments have shown that the behavior of bamboo ash is used to strengthen the laterite soil resulting in the bamboo ash enhancing the performance of laterite formation in ground improvement. In this study, 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% bamboo ash content were used to study the effect of BA on native lateritic soils at 0, 3, and 7 days of curing. It is indicated that the strength for 3 curing days increases strength to 8.4% after adding 5% BA. It increases the strength after adding 10%, 15%, and 20% with the percentage of the increments 7.2%, 1.7%, and 0.7%, respectively. In the physical properties results, the specific gravity of soil shows an average of 1.66. As a result, LL and PL have been identified as 29% and 14.1% respectively. Lateritic soil water content measured in this study was 10.84%. Compaction tests identify MDD as 1.807 g/cm3, while OMC content is 13.3%. Lateritic soils are classified as sedimentary sandy soils according to the results of particle distribution soil tests. In the end, the results identified for enhancement of the addition of bamboo ash show a strong increment for lateritic materials. Bamboo ash (BA) appears secondary in large-scale studies. BA reacts as an economical and sustainable treatment material in geotechnical applications.
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Chandrasasi, D., S. Marsudi, and E. Suhartanto. "Determination of Types and Characteristics of Laterite Soil as Basic Land for Building Construction." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 930, no. 1 (2021): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/930/1/012041.
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Abstract Laterite soil is red soil because it contains iron and aluminum. It is an old type of soil, so it is suitable for all plants. Laterite soils are located in the reservoir area of the Wonogiri Dam - Central Java. The nature of laterite soil that quickly absorbs water and the soil texture is strong and dense indicates the type of soil used for a mixture to make roads. This study aims to identify and characterize the lateritic soils to support the construction of roads that will be used. It is needed to test the soil’s property index, including moisture content test, density test, Atterberg limit, and grain sieve analysis. At the same time, it tested the classification of laterite soil characteristics using standards of USCS and AASHTO. To test the shear strength of the laterite soil is using Direct Shear. Based on the analysis, the laterite soil from sedimentation in Wonogiri dam is classified as poor and does not meet the requirements to be used as a subgrade in building construction. It can be considered include need to improve to carried out first.
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Almeida, Bárbara Drumond, Lisley Madeira Coelho, Antônio Carlos Rodrigues Guimarães, and Sergio Neves Monteiro. "Effect of Sand Addition on Laterite Soil Stabilization." Materials 17, no. 24 (2024): 6033. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17246033.
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Lateritic soils, particularly abundant in tropical regions, have been successfully used in the construction of unbound layers of flexible pavements in Brazil since the 1970s. Despite their potential, these soils are often discarded or only recommended after stabilization processes, based on traditional parameters such as gradation requirements and Atterberg limits. This study investigates the mechanical characteristics of a lateritic soil from Roraima, focusing on its resilient modulus and permanent deformation properties, assessed through repeated load triaxial tests. Specifically, this research examines the effect of adding 20% sand on the mechanical behavior of the material. The results indicate that sand addition did not significantly improve the mechanical performance. The laterite–sand mixture exhibited an average resilient modulus (RM) of 744 MPa, lower than the 790 MPa of pure lateritic soil, suggesting that pure laterite remains suitable for pavement applications. Furthermore, the permanent deformation analysis revealed that the mixture with sand experienced nearly twice the plastic strain compared to pure laterite, which demonstrated superior accommodation under repeated loading. In the shakedown analysis, pure laterite exhibited a more stable performance, indicating greater durability in pavement applications. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the mechanical behavior of lateritic soils beyond conventional testing methods, emphasizing the potential of pure laterite as a viable alternative to enhance the strength and durability of pavement structures.
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Dewi, Ayu Mustika, and Rusdiansyah Rusdiansyah. "THE EFFECT OF ADDED NICKEL SLAG TO COMPRESSION AND SHEAR STRENGTH ON LATERITE SOIL SOUTH KALIMANTAN." CERUCUK 7, no. 1 (2023): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/crc.v7i1.8560.
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Laterite soil is an embankment soil that is often used because it is easy to find and is widely found in South Kalimantan. However, this land has many shortcomings to be used as embankment soil. This is because the lateritic soil has a clay content and a high Plasticity Index (PI) value. So the quality is still questionable to be used as landfill. To overcome this, it is necessary to improve or stabilize the lateritic soil. In this study, the lateritic soil was stabilized by the addition of slag nickel This study aims to determine the physical characteristics of laterite soil after being given a mixture of nickel slag addition, this study also aims to determine the effect of the percentage of nickel slag on primary consolidation (Sc) of laterite soil. As well as knowing the effect of the percentage of nickel slag on the parameters of shear strength in the form of cohesion (c) and shear angle (f). Consolidation and shear strength specimens were made with 90% of the optimum moisture content. The variations of the nickel slag mixture used in this study were 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of the weight of the soil used. Based on the results of data analysis, the addition of a mixture of nickel slag in each sample variation can reduce the plasticity index value of the lateritic soil. In addition, the addition of nickel slag also affects the value of the primary consolidation settlement value (Sc) of the laterite soil. The addition of the percentage of nickel slag also affects the parameters of the shear strength of the soil, for the cohesion value (c) of the laterite soil experiences a value that decreases with the increase in the percentage of nickel slag. Meanwhile for the shear angle (φ) of the laterite soil, the value increases with the increase in the percentage of nickel slag.Keywords: laterite soil, nickel slag, plasticity index, consolidation of laterite soil, shear strength of laterite soil
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Makarova, M. A., E. S. Shipilova, N. M. Boeva, D. A. Vnuchkov, and N. S. Bortnikov. "SOURCES OF SUBSTANCE AND GENETIC RELATION OF SOIL AND BAUXITE BEARING HORIZONS IN THE LATERITE PROFILE OF THE WEATHERING CRUST (OF THE FUTA JALLON-MANDINGO PROVINCE, REPUBLIC OF GUINEA)." Доклады Российской академии наук. Науки о Земле 511, no. 2 (2023): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2686739723600893.
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For the first time, a granulometric analysis of lateritic soils was carried out and the sources of the substance involved in the formation of the degradation zone in the bauxite-bearing laterite profile of the bauxite-bearing province of Futa Jallon-Mandingo were identified. Throughout the province, on the stony rocks of the lateritic covers, the soil horizon occurs everywhere - the uppermost element of the vertical profile of the weathering crust. In the soil horizon, most of the components become mobile, leaching processes predominate, and laterites are mobilized and redistributed. The study of these continental formations made it possible to establish the genetic relationship between the soil horizon of the weathering crust and the underlying bauxite ores, and to determine the degree of influence of soil composition on the processes of bauxite formation.
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AYODELE, Adekemi Loretta, Abideen Saheed Akinniyi, Adeoluwa Peter Gbolade, and Adeyemi Timilehin Adetokunbo. "Strength Properties of Alkaline Activated Phosphoric Acid Stabilized Laterite." Civil Engineering Dimension 24, no. 2 (2022): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/ced.24.2.115-124.
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This study investigated the effect of alkaline activation on the properties of Phosphoric Acid (PA) stabilized laterite. Maximum Dry Density (MDD), Optimum Moisture Content (OMC), California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of the laterite were determined to ascertain its suitability as a construction material. Laterite samples were stabilized with 1M and 2M PA at 5, 10 and 15%, respectively, by weight of dry soil. Some PA stabilized laterite were further mixed with an alkaline activator. All the stabilized laterites were moist cured for up to 14 days. The results show that the laterite was unsuitable as a road construction material in its natural state. The CBR of PA stabilized laterite improved with about 25%, while that with alkaline activation showed more improvement of up to 145%. The UCS of PA stabilized soil and that with alkaline activation increased with about 250% improvement. In conclusion, alkaline activation of phosphoric acid stabilized laterite soil for road construction has a great promise.
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KISHOR, KUMAR.B.R, C. RAMAKRISHNEGOWDA Dr., and B.G. NARESH KUMAR Dr. "WASTE LATERITIC SOIL-LIME-PERSEAMACRANTHA INTERACTION STUDIES FOR OPTIMISATION OF THEIR PROPORTIONS." Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition) 42, no. 10 (2023): 185–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8429580.
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<strong>Abstract</strong> The weathering of laterite occurs in tropical or subtropical areas. In lateritic soil about 20–30% of the soil waste produced during quarrying operations using cutting equipment to recover laterite stones must be properly disposed of in the conventional construction blocks manufacturing process. Stabilization of lateritic making use of environmentally friendly raw materials including lime, and Persea macrantha tree bark extract. The application of Persea macrantha in soil stabilization is highlighted in this research.
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Rizal, N. H. A., M. A. Hezmi, R. Razali, et al. "Effects of Lime on the Compaction Characteristics of Lateritic Soil in UTM, Johor." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 971, no. 1 (2022): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/971/1/012031.
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Abstract Lime has been investigated as a ground improvement material for soils, particularly for road construction, as an alternative to soil cement stabilisation. However, the effect of lime on lateritic soil compaction characteristics is not completely defined. In this article, soil samples from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor were subjected to a variety of engineering tests, including specific gravity, sieve analysis, Atterberg’s limit, and compaction. According to the results of Atterberg’s Limit, lateritic soil has a plasticity index (PI), a plastic limit (PL), and a liquid limit (LL) of 19, 46, and 65, respectively. The obtained specific gravity value is 2.79. Compaction tests were conducted on untreated and lime-treated soils with lime additions of 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%, respectively, using an automatic compactor. The OMC and MDD values for untreated laterite are 28% and 1.46 g/cm3, respectively. However, as the lime content increases, the OMC increases slightly while the MDD decreases. The dry density of lime-laterite soil decreases from 1.47 to 1.38 g/cm3, but the moisture content increases slightly from 27% to 31%. The MDD of soil treated with 5% lime is lower than that of lateritic soil in its natural state.
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Suresh, K. "Performance Study of Laterised Concrete Made with GGBS and Silica Fume as a Partial Replacement of Cement." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, no. 12 (2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem27823.
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Abstract -Sand has been utilized in the construction of civil engineering projects for a long time as a fine aggregate. As building costs have been rising over the past few years, the source of high-quality sand has been rapidly depleting. Now, laterite is thought to be a potential sand substitute for concrete mixtures. In this Paper, GGBS and silica fume is used as a partial cement replacement in laterised Concrete. This research deals with the viability study of GGBS and silica fume as partial replacement of cement in laterised concrete. Mixes to be prepared with replacement content of 5%,10%,15%,20% and 25% by the weight of ordinary Portland cement with GGBS and optimum silica fume (10%). However, the addition increases the strength levels with the aid of super plasticizer. Additional mixing lowers the laterite content to 15%. Same 15% of the weight of laterite soil can be used as partial replacement of sand exhibited the finest outcomes. As a result, it is showing use of laterite as a possible partial replacement for sand. In this research mixes are prepared by keeping optimum silica fume and Laterite soil constant for M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6. Physical and mechanical experiments of M30 grade of concrete were used to analyze how these materials affected such attributes as compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength. Key Words: Laterised concrete, Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), Silica fume, Laterite soil.
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Fatimah, Nurmala Siti, Yudi Firmanul Arifin, and Dina Naemah. "ANALISIS PERKEMBANGAN TUMBUH TANAMAN KALIANDRA MERAH (Calliandra calothyrsus) DI AREAL PASCA TAMBANG TARJUN KOTABARU." Jurnal Sylva Scienteae 6, no. 6 (2023): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jss.v6i6.11038.
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The purpose of this research is to analyse the physical and chemical properties of soil in clay and laterite areas, and to analyse the average growth of diameter and height of red calliandra plants each year. The parameters used are red calliandra consisting of diameter and height, soil chemistry such as N, P, K, Mg, Fe, CEC, pH, and soil physical properties namely bulk density and sand, dust, clay. The results of soil physical properties of the volume weight of the clay area have a large bulk denstity so that the soil is denser than the laterite area. The soil texture of the clay area is dominated by clay according to the soil texture class, namely dusty clay while the laterite area is dominated by dust. Soil chemical parameters of N elements have very low criteria, P is very low-medium, K and Fe are moderate, Mg is very low and pH is slightly alkalis. The average growth of diameter and height of red calliandra in the clay area is 0.32 cm/year and 1.06 m/year which has a greater value than the laterite area.Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis sifat fisik dan kimia tanah pada areal clay dan laterit, menganalisis rata-rata pertumbuhan diameter dan tinggi tanaman kaliandra merah setiap tahunnya. Parameter yang digunakan yaitu kaliandra merah terdiri dari diameter dan tinggi, kimia tanah seperti N, P, K, Mg, Fe, KTK, pH, serta fisik tanah yaitu bulk density dan pasir, debu, liat. Hasil sifat fisik tanah berat volume areal clay memiliki bulk denstity besar sehingga tanah lebih padat dibandingkan areal laterit. Tekstur tanah areal clay didominasi oleh liat sesuai kelas tekstur tanah yaitu liat berdebu sedangkan areal laterit didominasi debu. Parameter kimia tanah unsur N memiliki kriteria sangat rendah, P sangat rendah-sedang, K dan Fe sedang, Mg sangat rendah dan pH bersifat agak alkalis. Pertumbuhan rata-rata diameter dan tinggi kaliandra merah areal clay yaitu 0,32 cm/tahun dan 1,06 m/tahun memiliki nilai lebih besar dibandingkan areal laterit.
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Chukwuemeka, Nwaobakata, Charles Kennedy, and Amadise S. Ogboin. "Modification of Expansive Soil with Costus Lateriflorus Bagasse Ash for Road Pavement Materials." East African Scholars Multidisciplinary Bulletin 5, no. 4 (2022): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjmb.2022.v05i04.002.
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This study evaluates the effect of costus lateriflorus bagasse ash on expansive soil properties. Laterite and clay samples from the Ubeta-Ula-Ubie road at Ahoada West LGA in Rivers, Nigeria were prepared and laboratory analysis performed for development potential, volume change, maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (OMC), consistency limits, California bearing ratio (CBR) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS). Initial analysis classified the soil as A-7-6 under the AASHTO classification system. The development potential, volume change, maximum dry density (MDD), liquid limit (LL), and plasticity index (PI) of laterite and stable clay on the Ubeta-Ula-Ubie road decreased with increasing proportion of bagasse Costus ash lateriflorus, while optimum moisture content (OMC), plastic limit (PL) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) were increased by the addition of Costus lateriflorus bagasse ash. The results showed that increasing the ash content of bagasse increased the soil properties suitable for road construction. However, bagasse ash performs better on lateritic soils than on clay soils, and 7.5% bagasse ash would be suitable for use as a stabilizer in soils with similar properties to laterite and clay soils in the Ubeta-Ula-Ubie road.
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., KAPPAVU, and SREE RAMULU U.S. "DISTRIBUTION OF MANGANESE IN SOIL." Madras Agricultural Journal 77, July augest (1990): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a01960.
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The distribution of total and available manganese (exchangable + water soluble forms) and their relationship to different soil properties were studied in twenty three soil profiles, representing seven major soil series of Namakkal taluk in Tamil Nadu. The total manganese content varied from 206 to 792 ppm. The content increased with depth in black and red soil series, while irregular pattern of distribution was observed in alluvial and laterite soil series. Black soils contained more of total manganese than alluvial, red and laterite soils. Total manganese content was closely related to clay, calcium carbonate, fine sand and coarse sand. The available manganese content varied from 0.63 to 26.64 ppm and the content decreased with depth in alluvial and laterite soil series while irregular pattern of distribution was observed in black and red soil series. Laterite soils contained more of available manganese thanalluvial, black and red soils. Available manganese was positively related to clay and organic matter and negatively with finer and coarser fractions of the soil.
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A., Abdulazeez,, Aliyu, K. M., Sarki, U. S., and Muhammed, I. "Global Perspectives on Laterite Mining and Extraction and its Environmental Implications for Nigeria." African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research 7, no. 3 (2024): 223–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-esjpse4x.
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This paper explores the economic, environmental and social aspects of laterite mining techniques in Nigeria and around the world. Tropical and subtropical climates are home to the rich iron and aluminium oxide-containing soil and rock known as laterite. The article examines the several kinds of laterite deposits found in Nigeria, such as siliceous, bauxitic and ferruginous laterites. The economic significance of laterite mining is derived from its contribution to the construction, steel, iron and aluminium sectors. But there are also serious environmental problems associated with laterite mining like soil erosion, water contamination and deforestation. The energy-intensive character of mineral processing may increase emissions of greenhouse gases. Uncontrolled mining operations have the potential to uproot communities, worsen social injustices and fuel violence. This paper highlights the weaknesses of the regulatory framework in Nigeria, including weak enforcement, inadequate community engagement and limited financial provisions for mine closure and rehabilitation, Laterite mining offers economic benefits through the provision of materials for building and road construction as well as the production of aluminium, iron and other valuable minerals. Finally, governments should implement stricter enforcement mechanisms for existing mining regulations.
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Dr., Udeme Hanson Iron, Comfort Obot Ufan, and Uduak Effiong Abraham. "Comparative Study of Cube and Cylinder Crushing Strengths of Laterized Concrete." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 07, no. 02 (2024): 543–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10650013.
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The non availability or shortage of river sand in some areas affects the concrete construction industry negatively. Hence there is need to find alternatives to river sand and one of the major materials locally available is lateritic soil commonly called laterite. It has been successfully used partially or wholly to replace sharp sand in concrete. This study investigated the relationship between the cube compressive strength and cylinder compressive strengths of laterized concretes made with various combinations of laterite and river sand. Laterized concretes of 1:1½:3 mix proportions were prepared with sand partially replaced with laterite at 0%, 20%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80% and 100% at a water/cement ratio of 0.55. Granite of 20mm maximum size was the coarse aggregate used; batching was done by weight. A total of 84 cubes and 84 cylindrical specimens were prepared for testing after 3, 7, 21 and 28 days respectively. At each replacement level, the cube crushing strength as well as the cylinder crushing strength of the specimens was determined for proper comparison. At 7 days, the cylinder crushing strength was found to be 72% of the cube strength while for 14, 21 and 28 days they were 77%, 80% and 80% respectively.
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Rijani, Muhammad Faisal, and Rusdiansyah Rusdiansyah. "THE EFFECT OF ADDED COARSE SAND FRACTION ON LATERITE SOIL SHEAR STRENGTH." CERUCUK 6, no. 2 (2022): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/crc.v6i2.5835.
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Laterite soil is the most common type of embankment soil used for road construction in Kalimantan. This is because laterite soils are easy to find and widely available in several locations in South Kalimantan. However, this soil has many drawbacks, one of which is that it has a high plasticity index to be used as embankment, both for ordinary embankments and selected embankments. Therefore, it is necessary to improve or stabilize the soil so that the laterite soil can meet the requirements or specifications as embankment soil. In previous studies, the addition of a mixture of sand to laterite soils tends to decrease the value of the plasticity index.This study aims to determine the characteristics of laterite soils and the effect of adding a mixture of sand and plasticity to the shear strength of laterite soils by using a direct shear test apparatus. The specimens were made by testing the standard type of compaction and the value of 90% of the maximum density. The variation of the Sand mixture used is 0%; 7%; 14%; 21%; and 28%.Based on the USCS classification system, the soil for the three preliminary test locations is classified as CH (clay-high) group, while according to the AASHTO classification system, Landasan Ulin and Mandiangin location are classified as group A-7-5 and Sungai Ulin location is classified as group A-7-6 (clayey soils). There was a decrease in the value for the shear strength parameter of the laterite soil from the peak condition to the residual condition. The addition of a mixture of sand in each variation of the sample can reduce the PI value along with the addition of sand. In addition, the addition of sand also changes the parameters of the shear strength of the laterite soil. All samples of laterite and sand mixture variations have a value liquidity index < 0 which indicates that the soil is in a solid or semi-solid condition, while a value consistency index > 0 indicates that the soil is in a solid or semi-solid condition. The higher the value of the plasticity index of a soil, the higher the cohesion value of the soil and the lower the value of the internal shear angle. The more addition of a mixture of sand can reduce the plasticity index and soil cohesion and can increase the value of the internal shear angle. It can be said that the addition of a mixture of sand can reduce the plasticity index of the soil and affect the parameters of the shear strength of the soil in both peak and residual conditions.Keywords: shear strength, residual shear strength, laterite soil, sand, plasticity index
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Tang, Kangwei, Feng Zeng, Liang Shi, Long Zhu, Zining Chen, and Feng Zhang. "Mechanical Behavior of Hydrated-Lime–Liquid-Stabilizer-Treated Granular Lateritic Soils." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (2023): 5601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15065601.
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Granular lateritic soil is commonly used for road construction in humid tropical and subtropical regions. However, the high plastic clay content and poor particle distribution of some laterite materials make them unsuitable for bases and subbases. Lime treatment is a widely used method for improving problematic lateritic soil, and liquid ionic stabilizers are considered an environmentally friendly solution for reinforcing such soils. However, using only lime or only stabilizers may not be optimal. This study investigated the effect of treating granular lateritic soil with hydrated lime and a new liquid stabilizer, Zhonglu-2A (ZL-2A). A series of indoor tests, including compaction, California bearing ratio, and unconfined compressive strength tests, were conducted to evaluate the effects of hydrated lime content and stabilizer content on the mechanical properties, mineralogical composition, and microstructure of the soil. The results show that an increase in hydrated lime dosage increases the optimal moisture content and decreases the maximum dry density. The CBR of lime-stabilizer-treated laterite was at least 2–3 times higher than that of the only-lime-treated soil. The highest CBR was observed in samples treated with 0.2‰ ZL-2A stabilizer. The sample with 6% lime and 0.2‰ ZL-2A stabilizer exhibited the highest unconfined compressive strength, and a nearly linear increase was observed between the unconfined compressive strength and CBR. Further investigation of the stabilization mechanism using X-ray diffraction mineralogy analysis and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the inorganic substances of the ZL-2A stabilizer and the hydrated lime provided the basic conditions for the reaction and generated cementitious hydrates on the clay particles. The mixture of granular lateritic soil and hydrated lime was wrapped by the ZL-2A stabilizer, forming a complex spatial structure and improving the strength of the soil. To improve the bearing capacity of subgrades in actual subgrade engineering, a combination of a liquid ionic stabilizer and lime should be used to treat laterite.
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S, Bhaskar, Basavaraju Manu, and Sreenivasa M Y. "Bioleaching of iron from laterite soil using an isolated Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain and application of leached laterite iron as Fenton’s catalyst in selective herbicide degradation." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (2021): e0243444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243444.
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A novel isolated strain Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans BMSNITK17 has been investigated for its bioleaching potential from lateritic soil and the results are presented. System conditions like pH, feed mineral particle size, pulp density, temperature, rotor speed influences bioleaching potential of Acidithiobcillus ferrooxidans BMSNITK17 in leaching out iron from laterite soil. Effect of sulfate addition on bioleaching efficiency is studied. The bioleached laterite iron (BLFe’s) on evaluation for its catalytic role in Fenton’s oxidation for the degradation of ametryn and dicamba exhibits 94.24% of ametryn degradation and 92.45% of dicamba degradation efficiency. Fenton’s oxidation performed well with the acidic pH 3. The study confirms the role of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in leaching iron from lateritic ore and the usage of bioleached lateritic iron as catalyst in the Fenton’s Oxidation.
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Yashaswini, Chigicherla, Arya Lekshmi V., Beena V. I., Divya Vijayan V., and Jayasree P. "Spatial Distribution and Mapping of Available Nutrients in Paddy Fields of North Central Laterites of Kerala, India." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 37, no. 5 (2025): 405–19. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2025/v37i55464.
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Soil fertility assessment is crucial for sustainable crop production, particularly in intensive rice-growing regions. The present study aimed to assess the spatial distribution of available nutrients across the rice-growing areas of the north-central laterite of Kerala and generating soil fertility maps to understand potential constraints. A total of 35 geo-referenced samples (0-15 cm depth) were collected, processed and analyzed for various soil properties. The soil pH varied from 4.09 to 6.22, averaging 5.15, indicating an acidic nature. Electrical conductivity remained low (0.03–0.37 dSm-1), ruling out salinity issues. Organic carbon content ranged from 04.20 to 30.0 g kg-1. Macronutrient analysis revealed that these soils were low in available nitrogen (56.45–169.34 kg ha-1) and potassium (30.24–119.24 kg ha-1) and mostly medium to high in available phosphorus. Available calcium (487.50–3318.75 mg kg-1) was sufficient in all samples, whereas 65.85% and 34.28% of samples were deficient in available magnesium and sulfur, respectively. Micronutrient assessment showed sufficient levels of available iron, copper, manganese, and zinc, while 62.85% samples were deficient in available boron. Nutrient index of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium are categorised under low, medium and low classes, respectively. Spatial variability maps for available nutrients were generated using QGIS to visualize and interpret the nutrient distribution across the laterite rice-growing region. These maps revealed the prevalence of widespread multi-nutrient deficiencies in the north central laterite soils of Kerala. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing nutrient management strategies to improve soil health and sustain rice productivity in north central laterites of Kerala.
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Rosli, Ros Nadiah, Khairul Naim Ahmad, Aizat Mohd Taib, and Siti Aimi Nadia Mohd Yusof. "Physical, Chemical and Morphological Properties of Laterite Soil in Bandar Baharu District." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 35, no. 5 (2023): 1265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-25.
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Bandar Baharu District in southern of Kedah, Malaysia is extremely rich in laterite soil. The district is distinguished by the widespread presence of laterite soil, making it critical to thoroughly explore its physical, chemical, and morphological properties. Understanding these properties is essential for determining the acceptability and behaviour of laterite soil in a variety of engineering and building applications. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze and evaluate the physical, chemical, and morphological properties of the selected laterite soil. Three sources of laterite soils have been identified in Sungai Kechil, Bandar Baharu, and Relau. The samples are labeled as SS-A, SS-B, and SS-C. The soils are categorized as SM, SC and MH respectively according to classification by Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). Since the pH values were less than 6, all of the soils were acidic. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) characterization shows that the three soil samples have three main chemical components, namely silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>), aluminium oxide (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) and iron oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>). According to the X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) results, the minerals discovered in the laterite soils were gibbsite, quartz, kaolinite, and magnetite. Based on the scanning electron microscope (SEM) image, the sample with the highest fine particle content, which is 55.7% for the SS-C sample, shows the smallest pore size.
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Oni, Oluwaseun, and Chinwuba Arum. "Workability and compressive strength of concrete containing binary cement, mixed fines, and superplasticizer." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 21, no. 2 (2023): 299–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace220818017o.
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Growing awareness about the influence of buildings on the environment has resulted in a need for more ecologically friendly buildings made of inexpensive but longlasting construction materials. Experimental findings on the workability and strength qualities of concrete produced by partial substitution of sand with lateritic soil at various percentage replacement levels of cement with Rice Husk Ash (RHA) up to 15% are presented herein. The chemical analysis of RHA and lateritic soil, as well as the consistency and setting times of OPC and OPC/RHA pastes were conducted. They were all found to be within the limits specified by appropriate standards. Slump values for all concrete mixtures reduced with increase in the replacement level of cement with rice husk ash (RHA), with and without the inclusion of superplasticizer. However, for mixtures without superplasticizer, up till 10% replacement of cement with RHA, slump increased with increase in sand replacement with laterite up to 20% and started fluctuating for laterite levels beyond 20%. For mixes with superplasticizer, slump rose for laterite levels up to 10% and fluctuation set in thereafter. The results also revealed that at all ages and for all investigated levels of sand replacement with laterite, the compressive strength of concrete attained its highest value at 95% OPC with 5% RHA. Furthermore, this highest value of the compressive strength is substantially the same with that of the 0%RHA with 0%laterite reference concrete. The findings of this research will be of benefit to concrete professionals interested in the inclusion of laterite and RHA to achieve greenness, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness in concrete.
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Economou-Eliopoulos, Maria, Magdalena Laskou, Demetrios Eliopoulos, Ifigeneia Megremi, Sofia Kalatha, and George Eliopoulos. "Origin of Critical Metals in Fe–Ni Laterites from the Balkan Peninsula: Opportunities and Environmental Risk." Minerals 11, no. 9 (2021): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11091009.
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As the global energy sector is expected to experience a gradual shift towards renewable energy sources, access to special metals in known resources is of growing concern within the EU and at a worldwide scale. This is a review on the Fe–Ni ± Co-laterite deposits in the Balkan Peninsula, which are characterized by multistage weathering/redeposition and intense tectonic activities. The ICP-MS analyses of those laterites indicated that they are major natural sources of Ni and Co, with ore grading from 0.21 to 3.5 wt% Ni and 0.03 to 0.31 wt% Co, as well as a significant Sc content (average 55 mg/kg). The SEM-EDS analyses revealed that fine Fe-, Ni-, Co-, and Mn-(hydr)oxides are dominant host minerals and that the enrichment in these elements is probably controlled by the post-formation evolution of initial ore redeposition. The paucity of rare earth element (REE) within the typical Fe–Ni laterite ore and the preferential occurrence of Co (up to 0.31 wt%), REE content (up to 6000 mg/kg ΣREE), and REE-minerals along with Ni, Co, and Mn (asbolane and silicates) towards the lowermost part of the Lokris (C. Greece) laterite ore suggest that their deposition is controlled by epigenetic processes. The platinum-group element (PGE) content in those Fe–Ni laterites, reaching up to 88 μg/kg Pt and 26 μg/kg Pd (up to 186 μg/kg Pd in one sample), which is higher than those in the majority of chromite deposits associated with ophiolites, may indicate important weathering and PGE supergene accumulation. Therefore, the mineralogical and geochemical features of Fe–Ni laterites from the Balkan Peninsula provide evidence for potential sources of certain critical metals and insights to suitable processing and metallurgical methods. In addition, the contamination of soil by heavy metals and irrigation groundwater by toxic Cr(VI), coupled with relatively high Cr(VI) concentrations in water leachates for laterite samples, altered ultramafic rocks and soils neighboring the mining areas and point to a potential human health risk and call for integrated water–soil–plant investigations in the basins surrounding laterite mines.
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K, RAJAKKANNU. "DEGRADATION AND PERSISTENCE OF ATRAZINE IN SOILS." Madras Agricultural Journal 72, February (1985): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a02352.
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Laterite soil had the highest persistence of Atrazine followed by black and red soils in the decreasing order. Among black soils, soil which had alkaline reaction (pH) exhibi- ted longer persistence. The inhibition of soil microbes at high pH might be the reason for lower rate of Atrazine degradation. The faster rate of Atrazine degradation was due to low clay and organic matter contents, Laterite soils which had 4.29% of organic mattor recorded the highest persistence of Atrazine. Because of higher absorption and low rate of desorption, the amount of Atrazine available for chemical and microbial degradation would be much less in laterite soil resulting in longer persistence. The present study also revealed that under field conditions Atrazine persisted in a black clay loam soil for a period of 2 months.
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Adekemi, Ayodele L., Adeyemi Ayodeji Adejumo, and Adedamola Adeoluwa Adeniji. "IMPROVEMENT OF GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF A COIR REINFORCED LATERITE." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 8, no. 4 (2024): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0804-2619.
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Laterites used mostly for construction in the tropics can sometimes be problematic due to insufficient geotechnical properties. This explores the potential benefits of incorporating coir reinforcement into laterite. Coir, derived from coconut husk fibers is a sustainable, renewable and abundant resource that has high tensile strength, low density, and good resistance to decay. Geotechnical properties such as Liquid limit (LL), Plastic limit, Plasticity index, Maximum dry density, Optimum moisture content (OMC) and California bearing ratio (CBR) of the laterite were determined before reinforcement. The coir was cut into different lengths (3 to 5 cm) and added to the laterite at different percentages (0.25 to 1.5% at 0.25% increment). The geotechnical properties of the reinforced soil were determined and the results were analyzed using analysis of variance and fuzzy logic. The CBR of the reinforced soil was predicted using fiber content, OMC, and LL The precision of the fuzzy logic model was obtained by comparing the model results with the actual experimental results. Addition of fiber at 0.25% was found to be the optimum as it increased the CBR of the soil by 27.24% and reduced the Liquid limit by 15.47%. The fuzzy logic prediction has a RMSE of 1.18, MAPE of 4.68% and R-squared of 0.98 which shows that the fuzzy logic model is satisfactory. The study concluded that coir is a potential reinforcement for improving the geotechnical properties of laterite and that Fuzzy Logic can be used to predict the CBR of coir reinforced laterite.
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Saputro, Wira Hadi, and Dan Rusdiansyah. "Study of shear strength between laterite soil due to temperature influence based on laboratory scale." Technium: Romanian Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 27 (February 7, 2025): 41–47. https://doi.org/10.47577/technium.v27i.12504.
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South Kalimantan is a large wetland with an area of 382,272 hectares (ha). The condition of wetland with soft soil types in this area, especially peat soil can initiate fires during the dry season because the water content in the land decreases drastically. Moreover, fires that occur on peat soil land with road constructions do cause the temperature around the land to increase. The increment of this temperature can affect the physical and mechanical properties of the embankment/laterite soil. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the influence of hot temperatures on shear strength between laterite soils. The materials used were laterite soil samples from quarries in Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, namely Mandiangin, Cempaka, and Landasan Ulin. The temperature variations applied below 100oC included 27, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90oC. During the analysis, the method used was a direct shear test in the laboratory. Based on the study conducted, the data analysis results were obtained and presented in a graph. The results showed that the changes in characteristics of laterite soil were due to the influence of hot temperatures. Additionally, the outcome also signified that cohesion value (c) in Mandiangin, Cempaka, and Landasan Ulin laterite soils from a normal temperature of 27 to 90oC increased on average by 11.5, 19, and 53%. The analysis implied that when the soil water content decreased, most of the free water pumped out, leaving capillary water occupying the space between soil grains. Following the discussion, the value of internal friction angle (φ) of these laterite soils from 27 to 90oC increased on average by 60.5, 59.5, and 84%. The result showed that when the soil water content reduced and the pore water pressure decreased, increasing effective stress (σ') in the soil. During the analysis, higher effective stress increased frictional resistance between soil grains, and φ value also improved. Therefore, soil mechanical properties parameters such as soil shear strength could be increased by adjusting soil temperature.
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Gao, Yuhao, Jianzhong Li, Yuxin Zhang, Xu Sun, and Leiyong Yang. "Mechanical and Microscopic Properties of Graphite/Laterite Nanocomposites." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (November 16, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1175621.
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The effectiveness and improvement mechanism of graphite nanoparticles (GN) in strength properties and microstructure characteristics of regional laterite were analysed in this study. Dry density was also taken into consideration, and the effects of graphite nanoparticle (GN) content and dry density were mainly addressed. Triaxial tests, consolidation tests, and penetration tests were used to analyse the effectiveness of different dry densities and graphite nanoparticle mass ratios on the properties of laterite; microscopic methods such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests were used to analyse the improvement mechanism. The results show that the increase in dry density can make the laterite more compact. The large specific surface area and nanoeffects of the graphite nanoparticles (GN) induce the attraction between soil particles after mixing, both of which make the laterite’s shear strength; compression index and impermeability have been enhanced to varying degrees. The microscopic tests showed that, as the content of graphite nanoparticles (GN) continues to increase, when it exceeds 1.0%, the attraction between soil particles increases and coarse particles are formed, which leads to the increase of the pores of the soil. In addition, the graphite nanoparticles have a certain degree of lubricity, a high amount of graphite nanoparticles enters the laterite soil layer, increasing the distance and gap between the layers, making it easy to separate the coarse particles from the coarse particles, and the strength increase is reduced. However, it is still stronger than that of the plain laterite.
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Zainuddin, Atiqah Najwa, Mazidah Mukri, Diana Che Lat, Roslizayati Rosli, and Noor Hidayu Abdul Rani. "INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT PERCENTAGE BOILER ASH-BASED GEOPOLYMER IN LATERITE SOIL." IIUM Engineering Journal 22, no. 2 (2021): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v22i2.1589.
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The waste generation of palm oil boiler ash has been one of its big problems as it is less used and deposited in landfills as a by-product. Geopolymer is a new green technology that has been intensively studied in concrete applications. However, few studies on geopolymers have been conducted in soil applications. Thus, this study investigated the influence of palm oil boiler ash-based geopolymer in laterite soil strength. Different percentages, 5, 10, 15, and 20% of geopolymer mixtures, were added to laterite soil. The process of producing a geopolymer binder was performed by sieving boiler ash (150 µm), then mixing with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) as an alkaline activator at a ratio of 1:2. This material effectiveness was tested through compaction test using a standard proctor, unconfined compressive strength, and the scanning electron microscope (SEM). 15% of geopolymer in laterite soil indicated the best-mixed design with a maximum dry density of 2.23 Mg/m3 with a moisture content of 13.58%. The unconfined compressive strength test at curing times of zero, seven, and twenty-eight days on the LS-15.0 GPOBA sample, show a slightly increased strength of 47, 58, and 76 kPa, respectively. The SEM images proved that the geopolymer gel's development stabilized the soil structure from a loose structure to a denser soil structure. This study aims to investigate the influence of geopolymer in laterite soil. Boiler ash as an alternative material in geotechnical applications was studied to understand and develop new green alternative materials to sustain the environment from industrial waste and to enhance laterite soil properties. ABSTRAK: Abu kelapa sawit adalah salah satu sisa utama yang terhasil dari industri kelapa sawit tetapi penggunaannya kurang dimanfaatkan dan dibuang ke tempat pembuangan sampah. Teknologi hijau baru yang dikenali sebagai geopolimer telah dikaji secara intensif dengan kekuatan konkrit tetapi hanya sedikit kajian telah dibuat dalam penggunaan tanah. Tujuan kajian ini adalah bagi mengesan geopolimer berasaskan abu kelapa sawit terhadap kekuatan tanah laterit. Peratusan campuran geopolimer yang berbeza (0, 5, 10, 15 dan 20%) dicampur pada tanah laterit. Bagi menghasilkan geopolimer, saiz 150 ?m abu kelapa sawit disintesis dengan kombinasi bahan kimia natrium hidroksida (NaOH) dan natrium silikat (Na2SiO3) pada nisbah 1:2 bagi semua campuran sebagai pengaktif alkali. Ujian terhadap keberkesanan bahan adalah melalui proses ujian pemampatan menggunakan proktor standard, kekuatan pemampatan tidak terbatas, dan Pengimbas Mikroskop Elektron (SEM). Berdasarkan dapatan ujian pemadatan, 15% geopolimer di tanah laterit menunjukkan campuran terbaik dengan memberikan kepadatan pengeringan maksimum 2.23 Mg/m3 pada kelembapan 13.58%. Ujian kekuatan mampatan tidak terbatas pada masa pempolimeran sebanyak 0, 7 dan 28 hari diuji pada sampel LS-15.0GPOBA bagi menguji kekuatan campuran. Dapatan menunjukkan kekuatan geopolimer sedikit meningkat pada 47, 58 dan 76, masing-masing. Imej SEM membuktikan pengembangan gel geopolimer menstabilkan struktur tanah daripada struktur lopong kepada struktur tanah padat. Oleh itu, abu kelapa sawit berasaskan geopolimer dan tanah laterit berpotensi sebagai alternatif bagi merawat tanah dalam aplikasi geoteknik dan berpotensi mengurangkan kadar kebolehtelapan.
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Ogboin, Amadise S., Charles Kennedy, and Nwaobakata Chukwuemeka. "Stabilization of Ula-Ubie-Ubeta Town Road Laterite Soil with Costus Lateriflorus Bagasse Fibre." South Asian Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 4, no. 2 (2022): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36346/sarjet.2022.v04i02.001.
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The study evaluated the influence of Costus lateriflorus bagasse fibre on the properties of expansive soils. Laterite and clay soil samples along Ubeta-Ula-Ubie road in Ahoada West LGA of Rivers state, Nigeria were prepared and subjected to laboratory analysis for swelling potential, volume change, maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (OMC), consistency limits, California bearing ratio (CBR) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS). Preliminary analysis classified the soils as A-7- 6 on the AASHTO classification system. Swelling potential, volume change, maximum dry density (MDD), liquid limit (LL) and plasticity index (PI) of the stabilized Laterite and clay soils along Ubeta-Ula-Ubie road decreased with increasing percentage of Costus lateriflorus bagasse fibre, while optimum moisture content (OMC), plastic limit (PL) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) increased with the addition of Costus lateriflorus bagasse fibre. Results established that increase bagasse fibre content improved the properties of the soil suitable for road construction. However, the bagasse fibre performed better in Laterite soil than clay soil, and 7.5% bagasse fibre would be appropriate for use as stabilization material in soil with similar characteristics like the Laterite and clay soil along Ubeta-Ula-Ubie road.
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Saing, Zubair, Lawalenna Samang, Tri Harianto, and Johannes Palanduk. "Bearing capacity characteristic of subgrade layer quicklime treated laterite soil." MATEC Web of Conferences 181 (2018): 11001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818111001.
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This study aimed to analyze bearing capacity characteristics of laterite soil with quicklime stabilization as road subgrade layer. The laterite soil obtained from three different locations with three different ferrous (FeO) content. Soil samples were conduct by mixing laterite soil with 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10% lime content on Proctor initial condition, then cured for 3, 14, and 28 days before tested for soil bearing capacity using CBR laboratory test. Result showed that the lime treated laterite soil increases the bearing capacity for all types of laterite soil significantly in line with incrasing of lime content on 28 days curing time (11,67% to 51,67%, 14% to 53,33%, and 14,17% to 71,67%, respectively for LH1, LH2 and LH3). The increasing of soil bearing capacity due to pozzolanic strength gain. Based on these results, the laterite soil has potentially to be used as road subgrade layer.
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Pate, J. S., W. H. Verboom, and P. D. Galloway. "Co-occurrence of Proteaceae, laterite and related oligotrophic soils: coincidental associations or causative inter-relationships?" Australian Journal of Botany 49, no. 5 (2001): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt00086.
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This communication presents the hypothesis that certain Australian lateritic and related oligotrophic soils may have been partly derived biotically from soluble iron-rich complexes generated following secretion of low-molecular weight organic acids by phosphate-absorbing specialised proteoid (cluster) roots of proteaceous plants. Subsequent precipitation of the iron is then pictured as occurring onto the oxide rinds of developing laterite after consumption of the organic components of the complexes by soil bacteria. The hypothesis is f irst examined in relation to current theories of origins of laterites and the extent of the coincidences worldwide in past and present times between Proteaceae and oligotrophic soil types of lateritic character. The paper then provides more definitive lines of evidence supporting the hypothesis, based largely on recent studies by the authors in south-western Western Australia. This relates to (a) cases of definitive association in habitats rich in Proteaceae between zones of root proliferation and ferricrete layers in lateritic soils, (b) proximity in soil profiles between ferric deposits and current and ancestral root channels, (c) the recovery of citrate-consuming bacteria from soil profiles and specifically from ferricrete rinds and horizons accumulating sesquioxide organic matter and (d) distribution of iron and phosphorus within plant and soil profile components consistent with ferricrete rinds being generated by rhizosphere-mediated interactions of plants and microbes under conditions of severely limited availability of phosphorus. The mode of functioning of proteoid root clusters is then discussed, especially in relation to exudation of organic acid anions, uptake of phosphorus and the subsequent fate of organic anions and their metal ion complexes in the system. An empirically based scheme is presented indicating flow profiles for phosphorus and iron between soil, ferricrete rinds and bacterial and plant components. We then discuss possible carbon costs to proteaceous plant partners when accessing phosphorus under the nutrient-impoverished conditions typical of heathlands and open woodlands of Mediterranean-type ecosystems of Western Australia. The paper concludes with a critical overview of the hypothesis, particularly its implications regarding possible higher plant: microbial influences shaping soil and landscape evolution in the regions involved.
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Wuese Agi, Helen, Aondoseer Abraham Atoo, and Lyambee Eric Hyagh. "Effect of Prosopis Africana Pod Ash on Cement-Stabilized Laterite." Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering 10, no. 6 (2025): 35–42. https://doi.org/10.35629/8193-10063542.
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Lateritic soil (LS) sample collected from Naka area of Benue State, classified as A-2-7 (9) soil according to AASHTO classification, was stabilized with 2%, 4%, and 6% cement by weight of the soil. Using British Standard Heavy (BSH) compaction energy, the effect of Prosopis Africana pod ash (PAPA) on the soil was investigated with 20% and 40% by weight addition of the PAPA on each of the cement percentage additions with respect to compaction characteristics. The test results reveal that, the addition of Prosopis Africana pod ash on cement stabilized laterite reduces liquid limit, plastic limit, linear shrinkage and plasticity index. In terms of the compaction and strength properties, it decreases maximum dry density (MDD), increases optimum moisture content (OMC) and increases California bearing ratio (CBR) respectively, with optimum improvement recorded at 14% Prosopis Africana pod ash and 6% cement and hence recommended for use in stabilization of marginal lateritic soils.
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Santoso, Gatot, and Achmad Munajir. "Nilai CBR Agregat Laterit Exs.Makroman Dengan Penambahan Tanah Pilihan Sebagai Material Lapis Pondasi Bawah (LPB)." Kurva S : Jurnal Keilmuan dan Aplikasi Teknik Sipil 8, no. 3 (2020): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.31293/teknikd.v8i3.6242.
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From the results of the CBR test, only one variation of the mixture qualifies as a bottom foundation layer material, namely with a 20% soil mixture who’s minimum CBR value is 60%. Furthermore, the test was carried out combined with the hammer aggregate with composition (laterite aggregate 35%, hammer aggregate 50%, soil 15%) obtained a CBR value of 78% with a value of Gs = 2,748 gr / cc, γd max = 1.667 gr / cm3, at Wopt = 17.02%. In the composition (laterite aggregate 25%, hammer aggregate 50%, soil 25%) obtained a CBR value of 96% with a value of Gs = 2.748 gr / cc, γd max = 1.702 gr / cm3, in Wopt = 18.02%. While in the composition (laterite aggregate 20%, hammer aggregate 60%, soil 20%) obtained a CBR value of 88% with a value of Gs = 2.748 gr / cc, γd max = 1,740 gr / cm3, in Wopt = 16.02%. So that the CBR value meets the lower foundation layer material standard, where the minimum CBR standard is 60%.Dari hasil pengujian CBR hanya satu variasi campuran yang memenuhi syarat sebagai material lapis pondasi bawah yaitu dengan campuran tanah 20% yang nilai CBR minimumnya 60%. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian dikombinasikan dengan agregat palu dengan komposisi (agregat laterit 35%, agregat palu 50%, tanah 15%) diperoleh nilai CBR sebesar 78% dengan nilai Gs = 2,748 gr/cc, γd max = 1,667 gr/cm3, pada Wopt = 17,02%. Pada komposisi (agregat laterit 25%, agregat palu 50%, tanah 25%) diperoleh nilai CBR sebesar 96% dengan nilai Gs = 2,748 gr/cc, γd max = 1,702 gr/cm3, pada Wopt = 18,02%. Sedangkan pada komposisi (agregat laterit 20%, agregat palu 60%, tanah 20%) diperoleh nilai CBR sebesar 88% dengan nilai Gs = 2,748 gr/cc, γd max = 1,740 gr/cm3, pada Wopt = 16,02%. Sehingga nilai CBR memenuhi standar material lapis pondasi bawah, dimana standar CBR minimumnya sebesar 60%.
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Tjoa, Aiyen, Leisa Reclina Christi, Nur Edy, Zainuddin Basri, and Henry Barus. "Nickel acquisition affected by root density of mono- and mixed-cropping peanut and choy sum." Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea 12, no. 1 (2023): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/jpkwallacea.v12i1.26615.
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Nickel (Ni) and associated minerals (Cr and Mn) are naturally occurring substances in ultramafic laterites soil. It may be found in our vegetables and grains when agriculture is grown in ultramafic laterites. This study aimed to assess the contamination of Ni in edible crops affected by soil volume in mono- and mixed cropping on limonitic laterite soil. The investigation was conducted on Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and Choy Sum (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis) in three different pots sizes-representing soil volume to support root growth, which was filled with 0.5 kg (small), 1.0 kg (medium), and 1.5 kg (big) of limonitic laterite soil, respectively. The limonitic soil has a 7.884 mg kg-1 Ni concentration. The experiment shows that Ni concentration in peanut and Choy Sum shoots of mono-cropping in small, medium, and big pots achieve 20, 90, 120 mg kg-1 and 51, 67, and 95 mg kg-1, respectively. Meanwhile, in mixed cropping, Ni concentration in small, medium, and big pots of peanut and Choy Sum shoots are lower only by 33, 50, and 51 mg kg-1 and 15, 52, and 63 mg kg-1, respectively. Contamination of Ni in Peanut and Choy Sum shoots increases with the increasing soil volume, and mixed cropping is a potential strategy to reduce the acquisition of Ni.
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Setiawan, I., I. Muzaidi, and M. Fitriansyah. "Laterite Soil Behavior - Geotextile (Study of Laterite Soil, Tanah Laut District)." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 821 (May 29, 2020): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/821/1/012017.
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Banne, Shailendra Pandurang, Saurabh Kulkarni, and Jair Arrieta Baldovino. "Effect of Guar Gum Content on the Mechanical Properties of Laterite Soil for Subgrade Soil Application." Polymers 16, no. 15 (2024): 2202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16152202.
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Using biopolymers for soil stabilization is favorable compared to more conventional methods because they are more environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and long-lasting. This study analyzes the physical properties of guar gum and laterite soil mixes. A comprehensive engineering study of guar gum-treated soil was conducted with the help of a brief experimental program. This study examined the effects of soil–guar gum interactions on the strengthening behavior of guar gum-treated soil mixtures using a series of laboratory tests. The treated laterite soil’s dry density increased marginally, while its optimum moisture content decreased as the guar gum increased. Treatment with guar gum significantly enhanced the strength of laterite soil mixtures. For laterite soil with 2% guar gum, the unsoaked CBR increased by 148% and the soaked CBR increased by 192.36%. The cohesiveness and internal friction angle increased by 93.33% and 31.52%, respectively. These results show that using guar gum dramatically improves the strength of laterite soil, offering a more environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative to traditional soil additives. Using guar gum in T8 subgrade soil requires a 1395 mm pavement depth and costs INR 3.83 crores, 1.52 times more than laterite soil. For T9 subgrade soil, the depth was 1495 mm, costing INR 4.42 crores, 1.72 times more than laterite soil. This study introduces a novel approach to soil stabilization by employing guar gum, a biopolymer, to enhance the physical and mechanical properties of laterite soil. Furthermore, this study provides a detailed cost–benefit analysis for pavement applications, revealing the financial feasibility of using guar gum despite it requiring a marginally higher initial investment.
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Dissanayake, N. U. S., P. G. H. Pupulewatte, D. T. Jayawardana, and D. M. Senevirathne. "Characterization of Kaolin-rich Laterite Soil for Applications for the Development of Soil-based Cosmetic Products." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 12, no. 5-S (2022): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v12i5-s.5615.
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The present study aims to characterize the properties of the raw and thermally activated laterite soil to be used to develop cosmetic products. Collected soil samples were washed and air-dried for 48 hours, collected soil samples were air-dried for 48 hours. Air-dried soil was crushed to create 500 µm powdered materials. Thermally activated soil samples were prepared by heating the laterite soil at 100 0C, 200 0C, 300 0C, and 400 0C for 3 hours in a muffle furnace. The physicochemical properties of laterite such as morphology, surface functional groups, elemental composition, surface area, and trace elements were analyzed. The Cell Forming Unit (CFU) was counted in the raw soil, and thermally activated soil samples at the beginning. Antimicrobial Assay was tested with Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus microorganisms in raw and thermally activated laterite soil. An uncountable amount of microorganisms per gram was observed in the raw soil sample and fewer microorganisms were counted in 100 0C, and 200 0C samples. The CFU was zero microorganisms per gram for the 300 0C, and 400 0C samples. The optimum density of the culture is measured to estimate the growth of the microbial cells. Oil absorption, sweat absorption and swelling capacity were used to characterize the samples with raw and thermally activated soils. The characterization results indicated that chosen soil samples have good oil and sweat absorption, good swelling capacity and microbiological safety, making them suitable for cosmetic applications.
 Keywords: Cosmetics, Chemical analysis, Laterite soil, Microbiology, Thermally activation, physiochemical features
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Pereira-De-Oliveira, Luiz, Lucio Macedo, José Neto, Dellane Santos, and Hugo Silva. "Viability of lateritic soil as alkaline activated precursor." MATEC Web of Conferences 274 (2019): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927401004.
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This study investigates the disposal of lateritic soil available in the state of Maranhao, Brazil, to be used as a natural precursor of alkaline activated material. Lateritic soils are formed in the tropics through weathering processes that favour the formation of iron, aluminium and may contain a large amount of quartz and kaolinite. The quality of laterite for this application may vary significantly depending on both geographic location and depth of a quarry. The identification of quarry locals was carried out in this work, together with a disposal volume estimation considering economic issues about exploration techniques. A comparison of the chemical composition of the lateritic soil of the state of Maranhao with those related in the literature is used to outline the feasibility of using this natural material as precursor of alkaline activated cements. It is concluded that the lateritic soil availability, as well as their characteristics, can enable the development of alkaline activated materials as a future local building material and environmentally friendly.
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Chukwuemeka, Nwaobakata, Amadise S. Ogboin, and Charles Kennedy. "Performance of Costus Lateriflorus Bagasse Ash and Cement as Stabilization Materials for Soil in Road Construction." Saudi Journal of Civil Engineering 6, no. 4 (2022): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjce.2022.v06i04.001.
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The study investigated the performance of Costus lateriflorus bagasse ash and cement composite for stabilization of Laterite and clay soils from Ubeta-Ula-Ubie road in Ahoada West LGA of Rivers state, Nigeria. The soil samples were prepared and tested for variations in maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (OMC), consistency limits, California bearing ratio (CBR) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS), maximum dry density (MDD), liquid limit (LL) and plasticity index (PI) of the stabilized laterite and clay soils decreased with increasing percentage of the bagasse ash composite, while optimum moisture content (OMC), plastic limit (PL) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) were increased with the proportion of bagasse ash. This study establishes that an appropriate proportion of bagasse ash content in soil stabilization would enhance the properties of soil suitable for pavement and road construction. Comparatively, bagasse ash performed better in Laterite soil than clay soil at optimum proportion of 0.75% and 7.5% cement composition.
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Chukwuemeka, Nwaobakata, Amadise S. Ogboin, and Charles Kennedy. "Performance of Costus Lateriflorus Bagasse Ash and Cement as Stabilization Materials for Soil in Road Construction." Saudi Journal of Civil Engineering 6, no. 4 (2022): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjce.2022.v06i04.001.
Full textAbstract:
The study investigated the performance of Costus lateriflorus bagasse ash and cement composite for stabilization of Laterite and clay soils from Ubeta-Ula-Ubie road in Ahoada West LGA of Rivers state, Nigeria. The soil samples were prepared and tested for variations in maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (OMC), consistency limits, California bearing ratio (CBR) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS), maximum dry density (MDD), liquid limit (LL) and plasticity index (PI) of the stabilized laterite and clay soils decreased with increasing percentage of the bagasse ash composite, while optimum moisture content (OMC), plastic limit (PL) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) were increased with the proportion of bagasse ash. This study establishes that an appropriate proportion of bagasse ash content in soil stabilization would enhance the properties of soil suitable for pavement and road construction. Comparatively, bagasse ash performed better in Laterite soil than clay soil at optimum proportion of 0.75% and 7.5% cement composition.
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Saing, Zubair. "VERTICAL DEFORMATION OF LIME REATED BASE (LTB) MODEL OF LATERITE SOIL USING NUMERICAL ANALYSIS." International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) 8, no. 5 (2017): 758–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1238388.
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This study aim to analyze and produce vertical deformation of lime treated base model of laterite soil. The samples of laterite soil were obtained from Sorowako Regency of East Luwu, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The physical and mechanical properties of the soil are obtained from laboratory testing, according to American Standard for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The lime treated base of the laterite soil layer is modeled with the dimension of length (L) = 4 m, width (W) = 2 m, and height (H) = 1.5 m. Stabilization of laterite soil with lime was conducted with variations of lime addition of 3, 5, 7, an 10%, under the maximum density conditions of standard Proctor test results. The model of the layers consists of soil subgrade layer (1.5 m), and lime treated base layer of laterite soil (0.1 m). Furthermore, the physical model is numerically analyzed by the finite element method. The results showed that the lime treated base layer with 10% lime content reduced the vertical deformation three times less than the laterite soil without stabilization. While the vertical deformation of the lime treated base layer meets the maximum deflection (L/240) in the addition of 710% lime.
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Amrutha, U.A., S. Kumar Anjana, Chandran Gopika, Amsaj N. Jaseena, Johnson Shruthi, and J. Dr.Jayamohan. "Influence of Minerology on the Engineering Properties of Lateritic Soil." Journal of Advances in Geotechnical Engineering 3, no. 2 (2020): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3949779.
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Laterite is a soil which is having a high content of iron and aluminium and is mostly found in hot and wet tropical areas. They are formed through a process known as Laterization which is a combination of intensive and prolonged chemical process and leaching. The mineralogical compound of various samples of lateritic soils will be identified by carrying out microscopic analysis. The influence of mineralogical composition on bearing capacity will be investigated by carrying out laboratory scale load tests on model footings.
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Ogboin, Amadise S., Nwaobakata Chukwuemeka, and Charles Kennedy. "Efficiency of Costus Lateriflorus Bagasse Fiber and Cement Composite as Soil Stabilizer for Road Pavement." Scholars Journal of Engineering and Technology 10, no. 4 (2022): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjet.2022.v10i04.002.
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This study investigated the effect of costus lateriflorus bagasse fiber and cement composites on extensive soil compaction. Laterite and clay samples from Ubeta-Ula-Ubie Road at Ahoada West LGA in Rivers, Nigeria were prepared and analyzed for changes in maximum dry density (MDD), Optimum moisture content (OMC), consistency limits, and California bearing ratio (CBR) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS), maximum dry density (MDD), liquid limit (LL), and plasticity index (PI) of laterite and stabilized clay decreased with increasing proportion of bass fiber composites, while optimum moisture content (OMC), plastic limit (PL), and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) increases with the proportion of bagasse fiber. This study found that proper ratio of bagasse fiber content in soil stabilization will improve soil properties suitable for paving and road construction. Bagasse fiber has a relatively better performance in lateritic soil than in clay with the optimum ratio of cement composition of 0.75% and 7.5%.
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K. N., Shanmuka, Manjunath K., and Prahallada M. C. "Stabilized Laterite Soil Bricks." Journal of Real Estate, Construction & Management 33, no. 1 (2018): 47–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/2977657020180104.
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Shivasharanappa, Padaki Srinivas, and Srinivas Kushtagi. "Adsorption Studies of Nitrate by Geo-Physical Environment (Laterite Soil) of the Study Area Bidar Urban & its Industrial Area, Karnataka State, India." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 11 (September 2013): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.11.66.
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In the present work, adsorption of Nitrate on Laterite soil has been studied using batch adsorption techniques. Main objectives of this study is to study the physical properties of Laterite soil, detection of Nitrate removal by adsorbent Laterite soil as a function of contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, to study sorption kinetics, and to study isothermal pattern. The results of this study showed that the Optimum contact time, Optimum dosage and Optimum pH for adsorption of Nitrate on Laterite soil reached to equilibrium after 130 minutes, with removal efficiency of 68 %, 1400 mg as optimum dosage and at optimum pH of 6. The rate of adsorption of Nitrate obeys first order rate equation. The obtained results of the batch experiments are best fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. From the experimental analysis it is concluded that Laterite soil shows good removal efficiency and hence can be used as adsorbent.
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Shivasharanappa, Padaki Srinivas, and Srinivas Kushtagi. "Adsorption Studies of Nitrate by Geo-Physical Environment (Laterite Soil) of the Study Area Bidar Urban & its Industrial Area, Karnataka State, India." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 11 (April 2, 2013): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-ccdg93.
Full textAbstract:
In the present work, adsorption of Nitrate on Laterite soil has been studied using batch adsorption techniques. Main objectives of this study is to study the physical properties of Laterite soil, detection of Nitrate removal by adsorbent Laterite soil as a function of contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, to study sorption kinetics, and to study isothermal pattern. The results of this study showed that the Optimum contact time, Optimum dosage and Optimum pH for adsorption of Nitrate on Laterite soil reached to equilibrium after 130 minutes, with removal efficiency of 68 %, 1400 mg as optimum dosage and at optimum pH of 6. The rate of adsorption of Nitrate obeys first order rate equation. The obtained results of the batch experiments are best fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. From the experimental analysis it is concluded that Laterite soil shows good removal efficiency and hence can be used as adsorbent.
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Razanajatovo, Harinivo Olsynthique, Serge Ravelomanantsoa, Elise Octavie Rasoazanany, et al. "Effect of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz: Euphorbiaceae) Starch on the Stabilization of Malagasy Lateritic Soil." Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal 2, no. 4 (2020): 467–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birex.v2i4.1261.
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Laterite is one of the most widespread raw materials, especially in Madagascar. Its valorization as a building material would help to solve many socio-economic problems in Madagascar as well as in Africa. The use of this type of material fits well within the framework of high environmental quality, since the process uses an abundant material that does not require too much energy for its manufacture because it is dried in the open air. The aim of this work was to stabilize the laterite with cassava starch. The valorization of the latter would contribute to the development of new building materials. The study focuses on the mechanical characterization of specimens made with Vontovorona laterite in different proportions, which goes hand in hand with the determination of the physico-chemical parameters of the starch. To make specimens, we used techniques such as extraction, sieving, heating, laterite-stabilizing dosage, mixing, rotting, moulding, clamping, demoulding, drying. The results obtained show that the best stabilizing material is obtained if 15% of starch is mix to lateritic soil. The compressive strength in the dry state of the test specimens (samples) gave a significantly interesting result with a value of 54.8 bars (85% laterite with 15% starch). Thus the use of starch as a stabilizer in construction gave satisfactory results. This eco-friendly process, simple in its steps and practice, should be popularized among artisanal brick makers. Thus, replacing proportions of the Portland cement in soil stabilization with Cassava starch will reduce the overall environmental impact of the stabilization process.
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Mafimisebi, Peter, and Grace Martins. "GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF LATERITIC SOILS AT SOME SELECTED PORTIONS ACROSS AFON ENVIRONMENT IN KWARA STATE FOR ENGINEERING PROJECTS." International Journal Of Trendy Research In Engineering And Technology 08, no. 04 (2024): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54473/ijtret.2024.8402.
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Three (3) samples of lateritic soil from various parent rocks in AFON, Kwara State, were analyzed for their potential as construction materials. All the samples were analyzed following the guidelines set in the BSI standard. Three samples of laterites were gathered from the research site for geotechnical examination. Tests were conducted on the laterites to determine their geotechnical characteristics, including liquid limit, plastic limit, plastic index, optimum moisture content (OMC), maximum dry density (MDD), California Bearing Ratio, and moisture content. The outcomes were evaluated against the standards set by the Federal Ministry of Work for Roads. The liquid limit, plastic limit, and plastic index of the laterites ranged between 42.50 and 45.00, 12.50 and 17.10, and 25.40 and 32.50, respectively. The OMC, MDD, CBR, and Moisture Content had values between 31.81 and 34.7%, 1.21 and 1.37 g/cm3, and CBR values of 16–13% soaked and 16–21% unsoaked and Moisture content values of 12.15-15.55. The results showed that the Laterite samples from the selected locations meets the requirements for any geotechnical purposes
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Nuru, Zeyneb K., Walied A. Elsaigh, and Elsabe P. Kearsley. "Characteristics of Laterite Soil for Potential Geopolymer Applications." Minerals 15, no. 7 (2025): 719. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15070719.
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Laterite soil is widely found in various tropical and subtropical regions. This study focuses on the physical and chemical properties of laterite soil as a precursor for geopolymer synthesis. The characteristics of the soil were determined through experimental analyses, including XRF, XRD, SEM, EDS, FTIR, TGA/DTA, and pH measurements. XRF analysis revealed that the primary chemical oxides are silica, alumina, and iron oxide, which are very essential for geopolymer production. Both XRD and FTIR assessments revealed that the calcination process applied to laterite diminishes its crystallinity while enhancing its amorphous nature, thereby improving its reactivity. TGA and DTA results confirmed significant weight loss and dihydroxylation between 400 °C and 700 °C, while temperatures above 700 °C showed minimal weight loss and no further dihydroxylation. The pH of the tested laterite soil was measured at 5.35, indicating strong acidic behaviour. Based on these combined chemical and physical analyses, this study concludes that laterite soil is a viable precursor material for geopolymer synthesis.
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Jun-Jian Koo, Chee-Ming Chan, Noor Khazanah A Rahman, Salina Sani, and Nur Faezah Yahya. "NON-FIRED LATERITE SOIL BRICKS WITH NA-BASED STABILIZER ADDITION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology 31, no. 3 (2024): 010304(1–14). http://dx.doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2024-03-e02270.
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Fired bricks are widely used, but they are energy-intensive and non-eco-friendly. Non-fired bricks with chemical stabilisers can be the alternative solution, which is a low-energy-intensive and environmentally friendly manufacturing product. Laterite soil can be the raw material for the synthesis of non-fired clay brick in sodium hydroxide solution and sodium silicate solution. However, it may have been mixed with other laterite soils with different optimum moisture contents and grain sizes during extraction. Thus, the mixing ratio of laterite soil, Na-based stabilisers, and water for non-fired brick production is determined. Besides, two types of laterite soil, LAT 1 and LAT 2, from different locations were prepared, and another type of laterite soil, LAT 3, was prepared by mixing LAT 1 and LAT 2. Both three are compared primarily in terms of compressive strength and water absorption, which are mixed with the Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio. As a result, the new mixing ratio with increased water content was determined based on the optimum moisture content of the soil. Besides, the optimum mixing ratio of each type of brick was determined. Overall, based on the Malaysian standard, all types of brick samples from each ratio could be used as load-bearing class 1 and internal wall bricks. Additionally, LAT 2 and LAT 3-based bricks with a ratio of 1.5 Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio can be used as load-bearing brick class 2.
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Ozuligbo, Ji, Ozuligbo, Ji, Enueze, Jbc Enueze, Jbc, and Nwadiani, Ve Nwadiani, Ve. "Lateritic Soil Stabilization using Granular Materials; a Comparative Study." International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management 7, no. 1 (2025): 165–64. https://doi.org/10.35629/5252-0701145164.
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Soil mixtures have been used extensively in developed countries to construct great lengths of road when other materials like cement and lime were not either available, developed or widely used. Laterite being readily available in many places can be mixed with sand or quarry dust to improve its strength, stability and other properties for this purpose.This research work involves the improvement of the engineering properties of three samples of laterite soil by stabilization with quarry dust or with sharp river sand. The paper sets out to investigate and compare the improvement in the relevant properties of three samples of laterites when they are mixed with sand or quarry dust and compacted using different compactive efforts (British Standard Light – BSL and British Standard Heavy- BSH). The three samples used were collected at different locations in Awka, Anambra state. The tests carried out include: moisture content, specific gravity, grain size distribution, Atterberg’s limits, compaction and unconfined compressive strength tests both before and after adding quarry dust or sharp river sand at varying percentages (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%). The results obtained showed that for all types of laterites tested, the increase in the proportion of sand or quarry dust to laterites has the effect of increasing the maximum dry density, specific gravity and reducing the optimum moisture content, the unconfined compressive strength and energy absorption capacity. The optimum sand or quarry dust percentage for maximizing most of the parameters measured was found to be between 30% and 40% of the admixture. Comparison of the results obtained shows that quarry dust has a greater impact in the improvement of the strength of the natural soil than sand
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Setiawan, Dedy, and Rusdiansyah Rusdiansyah. "Behavior of CBR value of laterite soil mixed with metakaolin." Technium: Romanian Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 25 (November 13, 2024): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/technium.v25i.11932.
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Laterite soil is a material widely used for civil engineering purposes in South Kalimantan. Most laterite soil has low bearing capacity due to high clay and plastic content, causing cracks and damage, especially when mixed with a fairly high volume of water. Therefore, this study aimed to improve the soil through stabilization using metakaolin. An experimental study was conducted using laterite soil from Mount Kupang, Cempaka Village, Banjarbaru. This soil wasmixed with metakaolin on various percentage variations of the mixture, namely 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% of the weight. The incubation period of the sample commences from 3, 7, and 14 days. Some of the test conducted include soil consistency limits (Atterberg limit test), soaked laboratory, and unconfined compressive strength (UCT). The result showed an effect on the characteristics of laterite soil mixed with metakaolin. The Plasticity Index (PI) value of laterite soil experienced a constant decrease due to the influence of methakoline by 14.75%. The soaked CBR value increased in a mixture of 2 to 8% metakaolin, but there was a decrease in the case of 10% at a curing time of 3, 7, and 14 days. Furthermore, the maximum soaked CBR value in laterite soil samples was mixed with 10% metakaolin at a curing period of 14 days and experience a percentage increase of 43.47%. The maximum qu value also increased by 42.02% in a mixture of 8% metakaolin and decreased in a 10% metakaolin at a curing time of 14 days.