Academic literature on the topic 'Laterite Soils'
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Journal articles on the topic "Laterite Soils"
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Md Yusof, Zeety, Siti Aishah Mustapa, Yi Zhe Chua, and Jin Chai Lee. "Enhancing Compressive Strength of Laterite Soil through the Agricultural Waste Material Bamboo Ash Stabilization." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 132, no. 1 (2025): 147–60. https://doi.org/10.37934/aram.132.1.147160.
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All types of soil are used as the ground foundation to support the construction of any structures including roads and buildings. Laterite soil has the properties of cohesive and cohesionless soil. This is because its properties are mostly well-graded including silt, clay, sand, and gravel. However, laterite soil's physical and mechanical properties require improvement. Potential laterite soil used for the construction of roads and development activity is necessary for geotechnical application. Therefore, this research aims to study the performance stability in compressive strength of native laterite soil with bamboo ash (BA). The testing experiments have shown that the behavior of bamboo ash is used to strengthen the laterite soil resulting in the bamboo ash enhancing the performance of laterite formation in ground improvement. In this study, 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% bamboo ash content were used to study the effect of BA on native lateritic soils at 0, 3, and 7 days of curing. It is indicated that the strength for 3 curing days increases strength to 8.4% after adding 5% BA. It increases the strength after adding 10%, 15%, and 20% with the percentage of the increments 7.2%, 1.7%, and 0.7%, respectively. In the physical properties results, the specific gravity of soil shows an average of 1.66. As a result, LL and PL have been identified as 29% and 14.1% respectively. Lateritic soil water content measured in this study was 10.84%. Compaction tests identify MDD as 1.807 g/cm3, while OMC content is 13.3%. Lateritic soils are classified as sedimentary sandy soils according to the results of particle distribution soil tests. In the end, the results identified for enhancement of the addition of bamboo ash show a strong increment for lateritic materials. Bamboo ash (BA) appears secondary in large-scale studies. BA reacts as an economical and sustainable treatment material in geotechnical applications.
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Oluwatoyin, O. Akinola, and L. Ademilua Oladimeji. "Geomorphological Transformation of a Granite Rotten in-Situ in Nigeria: Implications for Chemical Weathering, Lateritization and Pedogenesis." Geomorphological Transformation of a Granite Rotten in-Situ in Nigeria: Implications for Chemical Weathering, Lateritization and Pedogenesis 8, no. 11 (2023): 13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10213165.
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Nigeria is a sub-Saharan Africa country, its closeness to the equator precipitates tropical type of climate. The consequence of the alternating raining and dry seasons coupled with relatively high humidity throughout the year triggers severe chemical decay which causes rock rot in Ekiti area of SW Nigeria. Decomposition of rocks through intense in-situ chemical weathering and selective leaching resulted in prevalence of laterites, lateritic soils and saprolite in the area. Lateritization and formation of saprolite in the area is consequent on de-silicification processes during which substantial alkali and alkali earth elements are leached from the granite. This paper investigates and report geochemical features of granite weathered in-situ in Ikere-Ekiti, Ado-Ekiti and its environs. Analytical result reveals silica contents of the laterite (55.03-63.22 %; average, 58.98%) is lower than saprolite (59.31-65.41%; average, 62.92%). The ratio (Fe2O3 + Al2O3): SiO2 for the ferruginous laterite (0.55) and saprolite (0.49) suggests the two weathering products are laterites with varying colours. Fe2O3 contents in laterite (7.53-11.03%; average, 9.31%) is higher than saprolite (2.65-4.26%; average, 3.81%). Ternary diagram (SiO2-AI2O3-Fe2O3) which show maturity of laterites classifies the weathered materials as products of weak lateritization.Keywords:- Ekiti, Nigeria, Saprolite, Ferruginous Laterite, De-Silicification, Lateritization.
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Chandrasasi, D., S. Marsudi, and E. Suhartanto. "Determination of Types and Characteristics of Laterite Soil as Basic Land for Building Construction." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 930, no. 1 (2021): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/930/1/012041.
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Abstract Laterite soil is red soil because it contains iron and aluminum. It is an old type of soil, so it is suitable for all plants. Laterite soils are located in the reservoir area of the Wonogiri Dam - Central Java. The nature of laterite soil that quickly absorbs water and the soil texture is strong and dense indicates the type of soil used for a mixture to make roads. This study aims to identify and characterize the lateritic soils to support the construction of roads that will be used. It is needed to test the soil’s property index, including moisture content test, density test, Atterberg limit, and grain sieve analysis. At the same time, it tested the classification of laterite soil characteristics using standards of USCS and AASHTO. To test the shear strength of the laterite soil is using Direct Shear. Based on the analysis, the laterite soil from sedimentation in Wonogiri dam is classified as poor and does not meet the requirements to be used as a subgrade in building construction. It can be considered include need to improve to carried out first.
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Almeida, Bárbara Drumond, Lisley Madeira Coelho, Antônio Carlos Rodrigues Guimarães, and Sergio Neves Monteiro. "Effect of Sand Addition on Laterite Soil Stabilization." Materials 17, no. 24 (2024): 6033. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17246033.
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Lateritic soils, particularly abundant in tropical regions, have been successfully used in the construction of unbound layers of flexible pavements in Brazil since the 1970s. Despite their potential, these soils are often discarded or only recommended after stabilization processes, based on traditional parameters such as gradation requirements and Atterberg limits. This study investigates the mechanical characteristics of a lateritic soil from Roraima, focusing on its resilient modulus and permanent deformation properties, assessed through repeated load triaxial tests. Specifically, this research examines the effect of adding 20% sand on the mechanical behavior of the material. The results indicate that sand addition did not significantly improve the mechanical performance. The laterite–sand mixture exhibited an average resilient modulus (RM) of 744 MPa, lower than the 790 MPa of pure lateritic soil, suggesting that pure laterite remains suitable for pavement applications. Furthermore, the permanent deformation analysis revealed that the mixture with sand experienced nearly twice the plastic strain compared to pure laterite, which demonstrated superior accommodation under repeated loading. In the shakedown analysis, pure laterite exhibited a more stable performance, indicating greater durability in pavement applications. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the mechanical behavior of lateritic soils beyond conventional testing methods, emphasizing the potential of pure laterite as a viable alternative to enhance the strength and durability of pavement structures.
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González-Jiménez, José María, Cristina Villanova-de-Benavent, Lola Yesares, et al. "Metal Mobility in Embryonic-to-Proto-Ni-Laterite Profiles from Non-Tropical Climates." Minerals 13, no. 7 (2023): 844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13070844.
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We evaluated the mobility of a wide suite of economic metals (Ni, Co, REE, Sc, PGE) in Ni-laterites with different maturities, developed in the unconventional humid/hyper-humid Mediterranean climate. An embryonic Ni-laterite was identified at Los Reales in southern Spain, where a saprolite profile of ~1.5 m thick was formed at the expense of peridotites of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle. In contrast, a more mature laterite was reported from Camán in south-central Chile, where the thicker (~7 m) weathering profile contains well-developed lower and upper oxide horizons. This comparative study reveals that both embryonic and mature laterites can form outside the typical (sub)-tropical climate conditions expected for lateritic soils, while demonstrating a similar chemical evolution in terms of major (MgO, Fe2O3, and Al2O3), minor (Ni, Mn, Co, Ti, Cr), and trace (REE, Y, Sc, PGE, Au) element concentrations. We show that, even in the earliest stages of laterization, the metal remobilization from primary minerals can already result in uneconomic concentration values.
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Chukwuemeka, Nwaobakata, Charles Kennedy, and Amadise S. Ogboin. "Modification of Expansive Soil with Costus Lateriflorus Bagasse Ash for Road Pavement Materials." East African Scholars Multidisciplinary Bulletin 5, no. 4 (2022): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjmb.2022.v05i04.002.
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This study evaluates the effect of costus lateriflorus bagasse ash on expansive soil properties. Laterite and clay samples from the Ubeta-Ula-Ubie road at Ahoada West LGA in Rivers, Nigeria were prepared and laboratory analysis performed for development potential, volume change, maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (OMC), consistency limits, California bearing ratio (CBR) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS). Initial analysis classified the soil as A-7-6 under the AASHTO classification system. The development potential, volume change, maximum dry density (MDD), liquid limit (LL), and plasticity index (PI) of laterite and stable clay on the Ubeta-Ula-Ubie road decreased with increasing proportion of bagasse Costus ash lateriflorus, while optimum moisture content (OMC), plastic limit (PL) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) were increased by the addition of Costus lateriflorus bagasse ash. The results showed that increasing the ash content of bagasse increased the soil properties suitable for road construction. However, bagasse ash performs better on lateritic soils than on clay soils, and 7.5% bagasse ash would be suitable for use as a stabilizer in soils with similar properties to laterite and clay soils in the Ubeta-Ula-Ubie road.
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Makarova, M. A., E. S. Shipilova, N. M. Boeva, D. A. Vnuchkov, and N. S. Bortnikov. "SOURCES OF SUBSTANCE AND GENETIC RELATION OF SOIL AND BAUXITE BEARING HORIZONS IN THE LATERITE PROFILE OF THE WEATHERING CRUST (OF THE FUTA JALLON-MANDINGO PROVINCE, REPUBLIC OF GUINEA)." Доклады Российской академии наук. Науки о Земле 511, no. 2 (2023): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2686739723600893.
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For the first time, a granulometric analysis of lateritic soils was carried out and the sources of the substance involved in the formation of the degradation zone in the bauxite-bearing laterite profile of the bauxite-bearing province of Futa Jallon-Mandingo were identified. Throughout the province, on the stony rocks of the lateritic covers, the soil horizon occurs everywhere - the uppermost element of the vertical profile of the weathering crust. In the soil horizon, most of the components become mobile, leaching processes predominate, and laterites are mobilized and redistributed. The study of these continental formations made it possible to establish the genetic relationship between the soil horizon of the weathering crust and the underlying bauxite ores, and to determine the degree of influence of soil composition on the processes of bauxite formation.
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Mafimisebi, Peter, and Grace Martins. "GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF LATERITIC SOILS AT SOME SELECTED PORTIONS ACROSS AFON ENVIRONMENT IN KWARA STATE FOR ENGINEERING PROJECTS." International Journal Of Trendy Research In Engineering And Technology 08, no. 04 (2024): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54473/ijtret.2024.8402.
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Three (3) samples of lateritic soil from various parent rocks in AFON, Kwara State, were analyzed for their potential as construction materials. All the samples were analyzed following the guidelines set in the BSI standard. Three samples of laterites were gathered from the research site for geotechnical examination. Tests were conducted on the laterites to determine their geotechnical characteristics, including liquid limit, plastic limit, plastic index, optimum moisture content (OMC), maximum dry density (MDD), California Bearing Ratio, and moisture content. The outcomes were evaluated against the standards set by the Federal Ministry of Work for Roads. The liquid limit, plastic limit, and plastic index of the laterites ranged between 42.50 and 45.00, 12.50 and 17.10, and 25.40 and 32.50, respectively. The OMC, MDD, CBR, and Moisture Content had values between 31.81 and 34.7%, 1.21 and 1.37 g/cm3, and CBR values of 16–13% soaked and 16–21% unsoaked and Moisture content values of 12.15-15.55. The results showed that the Laterite samples from the selected locations meets the requirements for any geotechnical purposes
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P.C, ANTONY. "THE MOISTURE RETENTION CHARACTERISTICS IN RED AND LATERITE SOILS (IN HUMID TROPICAL REGION) OF KERALA." Madras Agricultural Journal 73, july (1986): 397–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a02291.
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The moisture retention of red and laterite soils is comparatively poorer, since these soils are generally coarse textured with Kaolin and Iran oxide clay minerals. The maximum water holding capacity, field capacity, moisture retained at tensions of 1, 5, 10 and 15 bars were higher in laterite than in red loams. The available. water was also higher in laterite than in red loom.
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Tang, Kangwei, Feng Zeng, Liang Shi, Long Zhu, Zining Chen, and Feng Zhang. "Mechanical Behavior of Hydrated-Lime–Liquid-Stabilizer-Treated Granular Lateritic Soils." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (2023): 5601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15065601.
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Granular lateritic soil is commonly used for road construction in humid tropical and subtropical regions. However, the high plastic clay content and poor particle distribution of some laterite materials make them unsuitable for bases and subbases. Lime treatment is a widely used method for improving problematic lateritic soil, and liquid ionic stabilizers are considered an environmentally friendly solution for reinforcing such soils. However, using only lime or only stabilizers may not be optimal. This study investigated the effect of treating granular lateritic soil with hydrated lime and a new liquid stabilizer, Zhonglu-2A (ZL-2A). A series of indoor tests, including compaction, California bearing ratio, and unconfined compressive strength tests, were conducted to evaluate the effects of hydrated lime content and stabilizer content on the mechanical properties, mineralogical composition, and microstructure of the soil. The results show that an increase in hydrated lime dosage increases the optimal moisture content and decreases the maximum dry density. The CBR of lime-stabilizer-treated laterite was at least 2–3 times higher than that of the only-lime-treated soil. The highest CBR was observed in samples treated with 0.2‰ ZL-2A stabilizer. The sample with 6% lime and 0.2‰ ZL-2A stabilizer exhibited the highest unconfined compressive strength, and a nearly linear increase was observed between the unconfined compressive strength and CBR. Further investigation of the stabilization mechanism using X-ray diffraction mineralogy analysis and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the inorganic substances of the ZL-2A stabilizer and the hydrated lime provided the basic conditions for the reaction and generated cementitious hydrates on the clay particles. The mixture of granular lateritic soil and hydrated lime was wrapped by the ZL-2A stabilizer, forming a complex spatial structure and improving the strength of the soil. To improve the bearing capacity of subgrades in actual subgrade engineering, a combination of a liquid ionic stabilizer and lime should be used to treat laterite.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Laterite Soils"
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Andriamanamihaja, Rakoto Hasina Harivelo. "Erosion and stream sedimentation due to pipeline construction in laterite soils - Madagascar –." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123247.
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Madagascar - Ambatovy region, AMBATOVY Project - Sherritt International. The Ambatovy Project, a mine for nickel and cobalt ore located in the centre of the country, required the construction of a slurry pipeline to transport the ore 220 km to be processed on the east coast. The pipeline and its maintenance road traverses primary forests, the sensitive Torotorofotsy Wetlands and include 172 stream crossings in sensitive laterite soils. The restoration and rehabilitation of the cut and fill geotechnical works and stream crossings is important technical works within the environmental portfolio and for project cost reductions.The surface water erosion of the soil and the associated stream sedimentation are studied. These processes are classified based on the characteristics of the vegetation/land use, the slopes and the type of laterite soil. Three representative sites are chosen for a detailed study using field observations and field measurements (TSS in streams). These results are compared to numerical modeling results using RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model) for surface erosion within GeoWEPP (Geo-spatial interface for Water Erosion Prediction Project), a USGS (US Geological Survey) –LESAM (Landscape-based Environmental System Analysis & Modeling) model which conducts continuous and process-based simulations of small watersheds, for soil erosion and sedimentation.At the three selected sites, the use of GeoWEPP as a tool to explore possible mitigation measures using geotechnical engineering methods combined with revegetation is investigated and discussed. The results of these studies will be used to suggest measures to mitigate environmental impacts associated with the pipeline construction for the Ambatovy Project.<br>Madagascar – région d'Ambatovy, Projet AMBATOVY - Sherritt International. Le Projet Ambatovy, une mine de nickel et cobalt située au centre de l'ile, a requiert la construction d'un pipeline de pulpe pour pouvoir transporter le minerai sur 220kms, pour pouvoir être acheminé et transformé sur la côte Est. Le pipeline et son réseau routier de maintenance traverse des forêts primaires, la sensible région du marais de Torotorofotsy et incluant 172 cours d'eau sensibles reposant sur le sol latéritique. La restauration et la réhabilitation des tranchées de remblai et déblai grâce aux travaux géotechniques sont d'importants travaux techniques pour les cours d'eaux notamment au niveau de l'impact environnemental et jouant sur la réduction des couts du projet. Le phénomène de l'érosion de surface au niveau des cours d'eau et la sédimentation des rivières y associée ont été étudiés. Les processus sont classés sur base des caractéristiques de la végétation, de la pente et du type de sol latéritique. Trois sites représentatifs sont choisis aux fins d'une étude détaillée avec usage des données et observations de terrain (MES dans les rivières). Ces résultats sont par la suite comparés aux résultats avec usage des modèles numériques utilisant RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model) pour l'érosion de surface dans GeoWEPP (Geo-spatial interface for Water Erosion Prediction Project), un modèle provenant de USGS (US Geological Survey) –LESAM (Landscape-based Environmental System Analysis & Modeling) qui conduit notamment des simulations en mode continu et sous base de processus pour les petits bassins versants, concernant l'érosion et la sédimentation.Au niveau de ces trois sites sélectionnés, l'utilisation de GeoWEPP comme utile de prédiction et de « design » des mesures de mitigation possibles par usage de solutions d'ingénierie géotechnique combinée à la re-végétalisation ont pu être étudiés et comparés. Les résultats de ces études pourront être utilisés en tant que suggestion de mesures de mitigation des impacts environnementaux relatifs à la construction du pipeline du Projet Ambatovy.
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Yusran, Fadly Hairannoor. "Soil organic matter decomposition : effects of organic matter addition on phosphorus dynamics in lateritic soils." University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0120.
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[Truncated abstract] Relationships between the persistence of organic matter added to soil, the dynamics of soil organic carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) were examined in four experiments on lateritic soils of Western Australia. The main objective was to quantify the release of P following organic matter application in soils which have high P adsorbing capacity. Another objective was to confirm that due to its recalcitrant materials, the effect of peat lasted longer in soil than other sources of organic matter in terms of increasing plant-available P fractions. Three experiments were conducted under glasshouse conditions for various lengths of time, with nine- to twelve-month incubations to investigate these hypotheses. As expected, organic matter with lower C:N ratios than peat (lucerne hay) decomposed more rapidly compared with peat, and the most active mineralisation took place within the first three months of incubation. Soil organic-C (extracted by 0.5 M K2SO4) had a significant positive correlation with P extracted with 0.5 M NaHCO pH 8.53. For a higher application rate (120 ton ha-1), peat was better than wheat straw and lucerne hay in increasing extractable bicarbonate-P concentrations in soil, especially at incubation times up to 12 months. Throughout the experiment, peat was associated with a steady increase in all parameters measured. In contrast to peat, nutrient release from lucerne hay and wheat straw was rapid and diminished over time. There was a tendency for organic-C (either in the form of total extractable organic-C or microbial biomass-C) to steadily increase in soil with added peat throughout the experiment. Unlike wheat straw and lucerne hay, extractable organic-C from peat remained in soil and there was less C loss in the form of respiration. Therefore, peat persisted and sequestered C to the soil system for a longer time than the other source of organic matter. Freshly added organic matter was expected to have a greater influence on P transformation from adsorbed forms in lateritic soils than existing soil organic matter. By removing the existing soil organic matter, the effect of freshly applied organic matter can be determine separately from that of the existing soil organic matter for a similar organic-C content. In order to do this, some soil samples were combusted up to 450° C to eliminate inherent soil organic matter. The release of P was greater when organic-C from fresh organic matter was applied to combusted soils than in uncombusted soils that contained the existing soil organic matter. The exception only applied for parameters related to soil micro-organisms such as biomass-C and phosphatase. For such parameters, new soil organic matter did not create conditions favourable for organisms to increase in activity despite the abundance of organic matter available. More non-extractable-P was formed in combusted soils compared to bicarbonate-P and it contributed to more than 50% of total-P. As for the first experiment, peat also showed a constant effect in increasing bicarbonate extractable-P in the soil
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Löhr, Stefan Carlos. "Controls on iron in soils and soil waters of a forested, coastal catchment in subtropical Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/47012/1/Stefan_L%C3%B6hr_Thesis.pdf.
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Soluble organic matter derived from exotic Pinus vegetation forms stronger complexes with iron (Fe) than the soluble organic matter derived from most native Australian species. This has lead to concern about the environmental impacts related to the establishment of extensive exotic Pinus plantations in coastal southeast Queensland, Australia. It has been suggested that the Pinus plantations may enhance the solubility of Fe in soils by increasing the amount of organically complexed Fe. While this remains inconclusive, the environmental impacts of an increased flux of dissolved, organically complexed Fe from soils to the fluvial system and then to sensitive coastal ecosystems are potentially damaging. Previous work investigated a small number of samples, was largely laboratory based and had limited application to field conditions. These assessments lacked field-based studies, including the comparison of the soil water chemistry of sites associated with Pinus vegetation and undisturbed native vegetation. In addition, the main controls on the distribution and mobilisation of Fe in soils of this subtropical coastal region have not been determined. This information is required in order to better understand the relative significance of any Pinus enhanced solubility of Fe. The main aim of this thesis is to determine the controls on Fe distribution and mobilisation in soils and soil waters of a representative coastal catchment in southeast Queensland (Poona Creek catchment, Fraser Coast) and to test the effect of Pinus vegetation on the solubility and speciation of Fe. The thesis is structured around three individual papers. The first paper identifies the main processes responsible for the distribution and mobilisation of labile Fe in the study area and takes a catchment scale approach. Physicochemical attributes of 120 soil samples distributed throughout the catchment are analysed, and a new multivariate data analysis approach (Kohonen’s self organising maps) is used to identify the conditions associated with high labile Fe. The second paper establishes whether Fe nodules play a major role as an iron source in the catchment, by determining the genetic mechanism responsible for their formation. The nodules are a major pool of Fe in much of the region and previous studies have implied that they may be involved in redox-controlled mobilisation and redistribution of Fe. This is achieved by combining a detailed study of a ferric soil profile (morphology, mineralogy and micromorphology) with the distribution of Fe nodules on a catchment scale. The third component of the thesis tests whether the concentration and speciation of Fe in soil solutions from Pinus plantations differs significantly from native vegetation soil solutions. Microlysimeters are employed to collect unaltered, in situ soil water samples. The redox speciation of Fe is determined spectrophotometrically and the interaction between Fe and dissolved organic matter (DOM) is modelled with the Stockholm Humic Model. The thesis provides a better understanding of the controls on the distribution, concentration and speciation of Fe in the soils and soil waters of southeast Queensland. Reductive dissolution is the main mechanism by which mobilisation of Fe occurs in the study area. Labile Fe concentrations are low overall, particularly in the sandy soils of the coastal plain. However, high labile Fe is common in seasonally waterlogged and clay-rich soils which are exposed to fluctuating redox conditions and in organic-rich soils adjacent to streams. Clay-rich soils are most common in the upper parts of the catchment. Fe nodules were shown to have a negligible role in the redistribution of dissolved iron in the catchment. They are formed by the erosion, colluvial transport and chemical weathering of iron-rich sandstones. The ferric horizons, in which nodules are commonly concentrated, subsequently form through differential biological mixing of the soil. Whereas dissolution/ reprecipitation of the Fe cements is an important component of nodule formation, mobilised Fe reprecipitates locally. Dissolved Fe in the soil waters is almost entirely in the ferrous form. Vegetation type does not affect the concentration and speciation of Fe in soil waters, although Pinus DOM has greater acidic functional group site densities than DOM from native vegetation. Iron concentrations are highest in the high DOM soil waters collected from sandy podosols, where they are controlled by redox potential. Iron concentrations are low in soil solutions from clay and iron oxide rich soils, in spite of similar redox potentials. This is related to stronger sorption to the reactive clay and iron oxide mineral surfaces in these soils, which reduces the amount of DOM available for microbial metabolisation and reductive dissolution of Fe. Modelling suggests that Pinus DOM can significantly increase the amount of truly dissolved ferric iron remaining in solution in oxidising conditions. Thus, inputs of ferrous iron together with Pinus DOM to surface waters may reduce precipitation of hydrous ferric oxides and increase the flux of dissolved iron out of the catchment. Such inputs are most likely from the lower catchment, where podosols planted with Pinus are most widely distributed. Significant outcomes other than the main aims were also achieved. It is shown that mobilisation of Fe in podosols can occur as dissolved Fe(II) rather than as Fe(III)-organic complexes. This has implications for the large body of work which assumes that Fe(II) plays a minor role. Also, the first paper demonstrates that a data analysis approach based on Kohonen’s self organising maps can facilitate the interpretation of complex datasets and can help identify geochemical processes operating on a catchment scale.
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Gogo-Abite, Ikiensinma. "SLOPE STABILITY OF LATERITE SOIL EMBANKMENTS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3487.
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Embankments are key elements in the infrastructural development of structures such as dams, bridges, and roads. Residual soils are generally used as fills in the construction of embankments in areas were residual soils such as laterite is the dominant soil types. Laterite soils have the characteristics of losing its shear strength with time and in fully saturated conditions and its properties varies from region to region. The soil property is influenced by the chemical composition and the environment. The binding agent iron oxide in such soils changes its composition with time and in the presence of moisture. Sudden failures of embankments founded of laterite soils which were, otherwise, checked and found to be safe with high factor of safety, have been observed. This study is performed to investigate the stability of embankments with sudden loss of strength with time and when it is fully saturated. The research includes an investigation of the properties of laterite soils around the world, with particular emphasis on Nigeria. Initially, information is gathered from different sources about the strength-based properties of such soils. Previous research in Nigeria is used as a basis for obtaining real-world soil data. Next, stability analyses are performed using SLOPE/W with shear strength parameters for total stress (short-term), effective stress (long-term), and fully saturated soil conditions. A probability analysis is conducted for the fully saturated conditions because of the variability in the input parameters. Three slope configurations (1:1, 2:1, and 3:1) are considered. The study revealed that the laterite soils embankments lose most of its stability over time period and in full saturation soil conditions. Both these conditions significantly compromise the strength of the soil and the related stability of slopes. To consolidate all information, a database of the properties of laterite soils in some localities of Nigeria was created on the geographic information system (GIS), in order provide a quick access to information on laterite soils in Nigeria.<br>M.S.<br>Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering<br>Engineering and Computer Science<br>Civil Engineering
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Gomes, Ribamar de Jesus. "Estudo geotecnico de um solo superficial da cidade de Bragança Paulista - SP." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258204.
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Orientador: David de Carvalho<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T15:24:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2006<br>Resumo: Estuda-se o comportamento geotécnico de um perfil de solo tropical típico da região de Bragança Paulista - SP. Esse perfil é classificado pela pedologia como um Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo. Para atingir esse objetivo foram realizados ensaios de caracterização, ensaios triaxiais e ensaios edométricos no teor de umidade natural e saturado. Nos ensaios de caracterização constatou-se o comportamento laterítico do solo. Nos ensaios edométricos quando os corpos de prova foram inundados nas tensões normalmente adotadas em projetos de fundações de edificações de pequeno e médio porte, construções características da cidade, constatou -se indícios de expansibilidade e colapsibilidade, apontando para a necessidade de estudos mais aprofundados sobre esses fenômenos em outras localidades do município<br>Abstract: The survey has the objective to investigate the geotechnical behavior of a typical soil profile at Bragança Paulista city - São Paulo State - Brazil. This profile is classified by the pedology as Red Yellow Oxisoil. To achieve this aim were accomplished characterization geotechnical tests, triaxial tests and consolidation tests. In the characterization tests was proved the lateritic behavior of the soil. In the consolidation tests when the samples were saturated in the tensions normally stipulated in edifications foundations projects at small and medium conveyance the results had pointed colapsible and expansive soil existence at the referred city<br>Mestrado<br>Geotecnia<br>Mestre em Engenharia Civil
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Freitas, Milena Cardoso de. "Avaliação de técnica de melhoria de solos colapsíveis por meio de colunas de solo laterítico compactado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-28112016-095823/.
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A fundação direta é limitada em solos colapsíveis pois o efeito do colapso é mais acentuado nas camadas superficiais do terreno. Diante deste cenário, nesta pesquisa foi avaliada uma nova técnica de reforço de solo com a finalidade de viabilizar o uso de fundações diretas para controlar e reduzir o recalque das fundações devido ao colapso. A técnica proposta consiste na execução de colunas de solo laterítico compactado, inseridas na camada colapsível. O processo de compactação das colunas provoca a densificação do solo ao seu entorno, e consequentemente reduz a compressibilidade da massa de solo reforçado. Neste trabalho também foi verificado se a compactação radial do solo em torno da coluna estava relacionada com a geometria do pilão utilizado. Para compreender estes efeitos, foram realizados ensaios em laboratório, em escala reduzida, para avaliar qualitativamente duas geometrias de pilões diferentes, uma cônica e outra cilíndrica (tradicionalmente utilizada na engenharia de fundações). Como resultado desta análise, concluiu-se que a geometria cônica apresentou uma maior compactação lateral do solo no entorno da coluna, comparando-se com a geometria cilíndrica. Para analisar a eficiência do método de reforço proposto, foram executadas e ensaiadas colunas em escala real no solo colapsível do Campo Experimental de Fundações da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos da Universidade de São Paulo. Para esta análise, foram realizadas provas de carga em placa em solo com e sem reforço. Os ensaios foram realizados com e sem a inundação do terreno para se verificar o efeito da inundação no comportamento do solo reforçado. Desta forma, foi possível avaliar o ganho de capacidade de carga e a redução dos recalques devido à execução dos elementos de reforço ensaiados. Por meio dos resultados obtidos nas provas de carga em placa constatou-se a eficiência do método na redução do recalque e no aumento da capacidade de carga. Comparando-se as curvas dos ensaios de placa com e sem reforço, observou-se um aumento da capacidade de carga de quatro vezes em consequência da instalação do reforço.<br>The use of shallow foundation is limited on collapsible soils due to the collapse effect pronounced in superficial layers. Considering this scenario, this research presents a new soil reinforcement technique in order to reduce the settlement of foundations due to the collapse. The proposed technique involves the execution of compacted lateritic soil columns inserted into the collapsible soil. The compaction of these columns causes the densification of the surrounding soil and consequently reduces compressibility of the reinforced soil mass. In this work, it was also evaluated the effect of the hummer geometry on the radial compaction of the soil around the column. For this evaluation, laboratory tests were conducted using two different geometries of hammer, one conical and other cylindrical (traditionally used in foundation engineering). The results showed that the conical geometry provided greater lateral compaction of the soil around the column compared to the cylindrical geometry. The efficacy of the compacted lateritic soil columns was evaluated by the results of plate load tests performed on the collapsible soil of the Experimental Field of the University of São Paulo in São Carlos city. The tests were carried out on a plate installed in the ground with and without reinforcement. The gain on bearing capacity and settlement reductions due to the reinforcement were verified by using these tests results. The tests were performed in natural and in flooded condition to verify the efficiency of the soil reinforcement in the flooding situation. Based on the results of the plate load tests, it was verified the efficacy of the method to reduce the effect of collapse. The load-displacement curves of the load tests showed that the solution evaluated provided an increase of 400% on the ultimate capacity of the plate installed on the collapsible soil tested in this investigation.
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Oyelami, Charles Adebayo. "Suitability of Lateritic Soils as Construction Material in Sustainable Housing Development in Africa : a Geological Perspective." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/63285.
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Lateritic soils which have been described as highly weathered tropical or sub-tropical residual
soils with varying proportions of particle sizes ranging from clay size to gravel, were studied
in an attempt to establish its suitability or otherwise as sustainable material in building bricks
and housing developments that will meet the present challenge of sustaining the environment
without costing too much and maintaining a high standard of strength, durability and
aesthetics. Index properties of the lateritic soils tested revealed them as mostly well-graded,
comprising both cohesive (silt and clay) and cohesionless (sand and gravel) soil fraction. The
mineralogical analysis shows the presence of sesquioxides in the clay portion which were
found to be very useful in the natural binding process as well as in the presence of a stabiliser
(cement). The geotechnical analysis on the lateritic soil revealed a strong compressive
strength with a relatively sound dry density which could guarantee a good durability in
resulting bricks made from these soil materials.
Further test on the strength and durability of compressed earth bricks (CEBs) made from these
lateritic soils revealed a brick with compressive strength ranging between 6.33 and 15.57 MPa
which are considered to be of very good strength coupled with its sound durability strength
established over a period more than one year under different kinds of severe weather and
seasonal conditions.
In conclusion, sesquioxides presence and mineralogy of lateritic soils were found to be largely
responsible for their good compressive and durability strength which made them good and
sustainable materials for CEBs.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.<br>Geology<br>PhD<br>Unrestricted
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Azevedo, Luiz Otavio Roffee. "Infra-Red Spectrophotometry and X-Ray Diffractometry as Tools in the Study of Nickel Laterites." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/231213.
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Nickel silicate laterite deposits developed on ultra-mafic rocks are similar in many general respects but they vary considerably in detail. The mineralogy of these surficial deposits is very complex and difficult to determine because of the fine grained nature and solid solution characteristics of the hydrous secondary minerals and because many of the phases are actually mineraloids that are poorly ordered or amorphous. To try some new approaches toward clarification of these phases, 24 samples from New Caledonia and Puerto Rico ranging from the ophiolite-ultramafic olivine-pyroxene-chromite-serpentine substrate rocks upward through intermediate phases of weathering to the final oxide -hydroxide iron cap phase were analyzed with the infrared spectrophotometer (IR -10) and with the automated X –ray diffractometer. Four limonite samples were also mineralogically analyzed. Goethite, secondary quartz, cryptomelane, hematite, chromite, talc, thuringite, and garnierite have been identified in various samples as weathering profile products.
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Ndiaye, Massamba. "Contribution à l'étude de sols latéritiques du Sénégal et du Brésil." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00977354.
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Cette étude porte sur les matériaux graveleux latéritiques utilisés dans de nombreux pays pour la construction des couches de fondation et de base des chaussées routières. Au Sénégal, les matériaux sont sélectionnés par référence aux règles du CEBTP de 1972, révisées en 1980. Les graveleux latéritiques doivent respecter des fuseaux granulométriques avant ou après compactage. Des conditions sont aussi imposées à l'indice CBR, à l'indice de plasticité et à l'optimum Proctor. Les recherches présentées dans ce rapport concernent différentes questions :- quel est l'effet du compactage à différentes énergies sur la fragmentation des particules solides et la modification de la courbe granulométrique ? Comment en tenir compte dans la sélection des matériaux et donc leur classification ? Comment se comportent ces matériaux dans les chaussées sous l'effet du compactage à la mise en œuvre puis de la circulation ?- peut-on trouver une corrélation entre l'indice CBR et les paramètres granulométriques ou géotechniques du sol ? Les corrélations sont-elles valables pour tous les sites ou seulement à l'échelle d'une carrière ?- comment réagit le sol graveleux latéritique lorsqu'on le mélange avec un autre matériau dépourvu de particules fines pour améliorer sa plasticité et sa résistance ?- comme une partie des recherches a eu lieu au Brésil, le rapport compare les procédures expérimentales utilisées au Brésil et au Sénégal. La pertinence de l'utilisation des coefficients de fragmentabilité et dégradabilité, introduits dans la classification des sols latéritiques de Rodrigues et al. pour caractériser l'évolution des graveleux latéritiques, a été évaluée par des essais de laboratoire sur le matériau de la carrière de Lam-Lam et le même matériau mis en œuvre en couche de base sur deux routes du Sénégal. Le coefficient de dégradabilité ne différencie pas les matériaux et le coefficient de fragmentabilité semble être un meilleur paramètre. L'étude de l'évolution des classes granulaires des latérites de deux carrières du Sénégal et deux carrières du Brésil sous compactage CBR confirme l'importance de la fragmentation des particules les plus grandes et le décalage des courbes granulométriques vers les sols plus fins, mais ces changements dépendent de la nature des latérites testées. Il en résulte que l'étude des matériaux graveleux latéritiques doit continuer de se faire à l'échelle de la carrière. La méthode de régression linéaire multiple a été appliquée à la prévision de l'indice CBR des matériaux prélevés dans deux carrières sénégalaises (40 prélèvements à Sindia et 46 à Dougar). Cette étude a montré que l'on peut trouver des approximations acceptables à l'échelle de chaque carrière pour calculer l'indice CBR à partir des courbes granulométriques et à partir de six paramètres choisis pour leur influence potentielle sur cet indice : le passant au tamis 80µm, les caractéristiques de courbure et d'étendue de la courbe granulométrique, l'indice de plasticité et les caractéristiques Proctor. Mais les formules établies sur un site sont inadaptées à la prévision de l'indice CBR sur d'autres sites, ce qui confirme que les analyses doivent se faire à l'échelle de la carrière. La lithostabilisation des latérites de Lam-Lam et de Sindiapar mélange avec 30% et 10% de sable de KeurMassar pour abaisser leur indice de plasticité naturel a eu l'effet attendu sur la plasticité, tout en respectant les critères granulométriques. Mais l'effet de l'ajout du sable sur l'indice CBR est inattendu et devra être étudié : diminution pour la latérite de Lam-Lam et augmentation pour la latérite de Sindia. La comparaison des normes françaises et brésiliennes a montré que, malgré de légères différences, les résultats sont globalement équivalents. La plus grande différence concerne l'indice CBR, qui est déterminé avec des énergies de compactage différentes et donne des résultats plus faibles au Brésil. Mais les conditions imposées aux matériaux sont adaptées à ces valeurs
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Berti, Carolina. "Avaliação da capacidade de suporte de solos "in situ" em obras viarias atraves do Cone de Penetração Dinamica : estudo experimental." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258212.
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Orientador: Cassio Eduardo Lima de Paiva<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T16:48:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2005<br>Resumo: Esta pesquisa procurou estabelecer uma correlação entre os valores de capacidade de suporte resultantes dos ensaios CBR (Califórnia Bearing Ratio) versus DCP (Dynamic Cone Penetrometer), realizados com o solo proveniente de vias não-pavimentadas dentro do Campus da UNICAMP, situado em Campinas, São Paulo. O Cone de Penetração Dinâmica (DCP) é caracterizado como um equipamento simples, portátil e de baixo custo, cujo ensaio revela ser praticamente não-destrutivo. Com ele é possível determinar o perfil de resistência de camadas de solo compactadas ou em seu estado natural, controlar a execução de obras viárias e avaliar estruturas de pavimentos. Uma investigação do solo através de ensaios DCP e CBR conduziu ao desenvolvimento de modelos de regressão, correlacionando a capacidade de suporte obtida através de ensaios ¿in situ¿ com o auxílio do DCP, e ensaios de laboratório utilizando o ensaio de CBR e DCP. Através das informações contidas na literatura técnica, dos procedimentos experimentais efetuados e das análises de regressão realizadas, ficou evidenciado o relacionamento entre o DCP e o CBR, validando as correlações estabelecidas e propondo modelos próprios, aumentando a confiabilidade dos resultados dos ensaios DCP para avaliação da capacidade de suporte de solos<br>Abstract: This research establishes a correlation among the strength or supporting values of the tests: CBR (California Bearing Ratio) versus DCP (Dynamic Cone Penetrometer), accomplished with the soil originating from no-paved roads inside of the Campus of UNICAMP. The Cone of Dynamic Penetration (DCP) it is characterized as an equipment simple, portable and of low cost, whose tests reveals to be practically no-destructive. DCP test determines the profile of resistance of soil layers compacted or in your natural state, to control the execution of road buildings and to evaluate structures of pavements. An investigation of the soil through DCP and CBR tests led to the development of regression models, correlating the strength measures obtained through in-situ tests with the aid of DCP and laboratory tests using the CBR and DCP. Through the information contained in the technical literature, of the made experimental procedures and of the regression analyses accomplished, the relationship was evidenced between DCP and CBR, validating the established correlations and proposing own models, increasing the reliability of the results of the DCP tests for determining strength values of soils<br>Mestrado<br>Transportes<br>Mestre em Engenharia Civil
Books on the topic "Laterite Soils"
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L, Sehgal J., Indian Council of Agricultural Research. National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning., and National Workshop on Red and Lateritic Soils (1990 : Bangalore, India), eds. Red and lateritic soils of India: Resource appraisal and management. National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 1993.
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L, Sehgal J., Blum Winfried E. H, Gajbhiye K. S, Indian Society of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning (Nagpur : India), International Society of Soil Science., and International Seminar on Managing Red and Lateritic Soils for Sustainable Agriculture (1998? : Bangalore, India), eds. Red & lateritic soils. A.A. Balkema, 1998.
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H, Blum Winfried E., Gajbhiye K. S, Sehgal J. 1937-, Indian Society of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning (Nagpur : India), and International Society of Soil Science., eds. Red & lateritic soils: Red and lateritic soils of the world. A.A. Balkema, 1998.
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Temgoua, Emile. Cuirassement ferrugineux actuel de bas de versants en zone forestière humide du Sud-Cameroun. Section des sciences de la terre, Université de Lausanne, 2002.
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Rananand, Nibon. Performance of lateritic soil-cement roads in Thailand. Dept. of Highways, Ministry of Communications, 1985.
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Ngulube, Mzoma R. Suitable eucalyptus species for afforestation of lateritic soils at Kasungu Flue Cured Tobacco Authority estates. Forestry Research Institute of Malawi, 1990.
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(Editor), J. Sehgal, K. S. Gajbhiye (Editor), and W. E. Blum (Editor), eds. Red & Lateritic Soils. Routledge, 1997.
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Gidigasu, M. Laterite Soil Engineering: Pedogenesis and Engineering Principles. Elsevier, 2012.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Laterite Soils"
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Bhamidipati, Raghava A., Janarul Shaikh, Mayank Das, Subha Prakash Beura, and Pritish Das. "A Study of the Engineering Properties of Bhubaneswar Laterite Soils." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1737-8_24.
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Selamat, Mohamad R., Dziaudin Z. Abidin, Muhammad Z. Yusoff, et al. "CPTU Penetrations into the Marine Clays and Laterite Soils of Northwest Peninsular Malaysia." In Proceedings of AICCE'19. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32816-0_13.
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Boulange, Bruno, Jean-Paul Ambrosi, and Daniel Nahon. "Laterites and Bauxites." In Soils and Sediments. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60525-3_3.
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Huntley, Brian John. "Soil, Water and Nutrients." In Ecology of Angola. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18923-4_6.
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AbstractThis Chapter provides an introduction to basic elements of soil science, from an understanding of the soil profile, its develop and its importance to plant growth. The processes of weathering and the development of laterites, calcretes, salinised and other major soil types and their distribution in Angola are described. Soil water relations and soil chemistry and thus the availability of water and nutrients are fundamental determinants of plant growth, species composition and productivity. The differences between dystrophic (low base status) and eutrophic (high base status) soils and the distribution of the mesic/dystrophic savanna biome and the arid/eutrophic savanna biome, which dominate Angolan landscapes (totaling over 90% of the vegetation mantle of the country) are emphasised. The Key Soil Groups of Angola are mapped and their characteristics summarised. Sandy arenosols cover 53% of Angola, mainly comprising the Kalahari sands of the eastern half of Angola. Ferralsols cover 23% of Angola, occupying the spine of crystalline rocks along the western highlands. Both are of low nutrient status but carry dense miombo woodlands where they have not been transformed by human activities. Richer soils occur along the escarpment and hot coastal lowlands. The processes of land degradation, due to inappropriate soil management threaten the livelihoods of communities living on these fragile soils, are described.
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Stoops, Georges. "Laterite as Construction Material." In Archaeological Soil and Sediment Micromorphology. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118941065.ch11.
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Xie, Rong, Shengxia Hu, Li Yong, Sen Lin, Kuang Bo, and Wang Haojie. "Effect of Dry-Wet Cycle on Slope Stability of Laterite Subgrade." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4355-1_8.
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AbstractIn order to explore influencing factors of stability of laterite subgrade slope under the action of dry and wet cycle, the indoor direct shear tests of compacted laterite under different dry and wet cycles were carried out, and the strength parameters were obtained. The stress correction method was introduced to analyze the influence of the number of dry and wet cycles on the strength of laterite and the influence of stress correction on the analysis results. Based on the results of direct shear tests, Geostudio finite element software was used to simulate the stability and influencing factors of laterite soil subgrade slopes of different heights under different dry and wet cycle times. The results show: (1) The shear strength of laterite decreased with the increasing of the number of dry and wet cycle times, and the shear strength index of laterite after stress correction was added compared with the before correction. (2) With the increasing of the times of dry and wet cycles, the slope stability coefficient gradually decreases as an exponential function. The stability coefficient after correction is increased compared with before correction, and it have great significance to improve the reliability of direct shear test data by using stress correction method in landslide treatment and filling engineering. (3) The stability coefficient of the subgrade slope decreases monotonically with the increase of slope height, and the smaller the slope height of the slope, the better the overall structural stability.
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Herbilion, A. J., and D. Nahon. "Laterites and Laterization Processes." In Iron in Soils and Clay Minerals. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4007-9_22.
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Kakodkar, Satyesh A. S., Atish Lolienkar, Sajal Kamat, Shwetang Nadkarni, Gaurai Naik Gaunekar, and Vikesh Malik. "Brick Manufacturing Using Laterite Soil." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8293-6_19.
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Weber, Francis. "Evolution of Lateritic Manganese Deposits." In Soils and Sediments. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60525-3_5.
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Trescases, Jean-Jacques. "The Lateritic Nickel-Ore Deposits." In Soils and Sediments. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60525-3_6.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Laterite Soils"
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Herath, H. M. I. A., W. A. M. Piyumangi, K. P. M. K. Kanishta, et al. "Assessing the potential of critical metals and rare earth elements in lateritic soils of the Southwestern region of Sri Lanka." In International Symposium on Earth Resources Management & Environment - ISERME 2023. Department of Earth Resources Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/iserme.2023.22.
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Laterites are currently considered potential targets for critical metals (CMs) exploration considering their near-surface occurrence, large dissemination, and enrichment of CMs in lateritic soil during weathering. Although prominent lateritic formations are found in Sri Lankan geological terrain, the potential for CMs has not been explored yet. Therefore, the present study assesses the potential of CMs in laterites of the southwestern part of the country. 60 samples were collected covering the overall study area and processed for critical metal analysis. The metal concentrations of CMs: Al, Ni, V, Cr, As, Sr, Co, Sc, and REEs were determined from inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Li, Fe, and Al concentrations were determined from atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). According to the analysis, critical metals such as Cr, V, Ni, and Th were significantly high in laterite samples ranging from 42-419, 116-583.4, 274 – 1498, and 33 – 472 mg/kg, respectively. REE and other critical metals considered in the study including Co and Cu, showed comparatively low potential. The findings of the study emphasise that laterite soil has significant potential for Ni, V, and Cr, especially in low grades. The conclusion is this analysis will benefit future CMs' exploratory investigations by providing insights into the potential of CMs in Sri Lankan laterite deposits.
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Vimieiro, Jhade Iane Cunha, Sofia Araújo Lima Bessa, Lorena Andrade de Freitas Silva, Ana Carolina Santana Arantes, and Talita Caroline Miranda. "Influence of sand and cement on the compaction of laterite soil and iron ore tailings sediment." In ENSUS 2024 - XII Encontro de Sustentabilidade em Projeto. Grupo de Pesquisa Virtuhab/UFSC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.29183/2596-237x.ensus2024.v12.n1.p218-226.
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Lateritic soils vary significantly in their characteristics, depending on the laterisation process they have undergone. Due to this diversity, physicochemical and mechanical tests may be necessary to assess the feasibility of using laterite soil. This research aimed to carry out compaction tests on laterite soil with the incorporation of iron ore tailings sediment (IOTS), sand and cement to assess the mixture that would produce suitable results for rammed earth. It was concluded that sand and cement made a positive contribution to reducing the optimum compaction moisture and increasing the dry apparent specific mass in mixtures without IOTS, but in mixtures with IOTS, cement and sand did not have a significant influence.
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Oladunmoye, O. M., J. O. Awofodu, and L. O. Babatunde. "An Experimental Study of the Technical Properties and Compressive Strength of Laterite Bricks Stabilised with Cement and Wood Ash." In 27th iSTEAMS-ACity-IEEE International Conference. Society for Multidisciplinary and Advanced Research Techniques - Creative Research Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/isteams-2021/v27p24.
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An Experimental Study of the Technical Properties and Compressive Strength of Laterite Bricks Stabilised with Cement and Wood Ash 1Oladunmoye, O.M., 2Awofodu, J.O. & 3Babatunde, L.O. Department of Architecture, University of Ibadan, Ibadan. Department of Architecture, Lead City University Ibadan. Department of Architectural technology, Oke-ogun Polytechnic, Saki, Oyo State E-mails: .Bjarchimat15@gmail.com; Josephstone69@gmail.com ABSTRACT An experimental study was carried out in order to determine the compressive strength and technical properties of laterite bricks stabilized with cement, wood ash and sawdust. Cement stabilized compressed laterite bricks were tested. The compressive strength of lateritic soil based materials were determined. The objective of this paper is to determine the effect(s) of addition of cement and wood ash to lateritic soil brick on the compressive strength using four soil samples. The findings showed positive effect of the additives of cement and wood ash on increasing the compressive strength of the stabilized laterite bricks. The study showed that the optimum value for water absorption of wood ash stabilisation is at 10% C with 5% WA (19.09%) replacement and 15% C with 10% SD. The compressive strength of the different samples measured showed increase in the failure point of the brick with increase in percentage of cement and wood ash. Keywords: Technical Properties, Compressive Strength, Laterite Bricks , Cement and Wood Ash Proceedings Reference Format
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Chandrasiri, Janith, and Janaka Perera. "The Properties of Lime/Soil Concrete." In The SLIIT International Conference on Engineering and Technology 2022. Faculty of Engineering, SLIIT, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/bjwt7503.
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The investigation of materials for replacing cement in concrete manufacturing has garnered steady interest from experts in recent years. However, the majority of past researches have only focused on the use of lime as a cement substitute in producing Lime Concrete. The reason for this is that lime concrete can be made easily and cheaply while still providing a durable material that can minimize negative environmental impacts. Even though lime is used as an alternative material the integration of a new material as a replacement for conventional aggregates has been limited. As a result, this study will attempt to examine the various compositions of hydraulic lime as a partial replacement of cement while completely replacing the coarse and fine aggregate with a soil to find the influence on the physical characteristics of Lime/Soil concrete. This will also help in decreasing the ecological imbalance caused due to the excess use of conventional aggregates. Locally available reddish-brown laterite soil was used in this study without any modifications. C30 concrete mixes containing 0%, 10%, 15% of hydraulic lime replaced with OPC and complete replacement of aggregate with laterite soil were casted before subjected to water curing. Workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and water absorption test were conducted in accordance with the existing standard. Based on the results obtained from the study it has shown that even with complete replacement of aggregate with laterite soil it was able to produce workable concrete with satisfactory strength that can be employed for ground improvements in pavement design and to manufacture economical non-load bearing concrete blocks. The targeted strength still can be achieved with replacement of 15% hydraulic lime for a lower cost. With the accomplishment from the composition, future studies will be able to better assess the long-term effects of construction operations on the environment. KEYWORDS: Compressive strength, lime concrete, physical properties, hydraulic lime, laterite soil.
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Liman, Mubarak L., Yamusa Bello Yamusa, Bilkisu Danjuma, Abubakar Sani, and Yusuf Walliyullah. "Effect of Chemicals on Compressive Strength of Plastic-Laterite Interlock Paving Blocks." In The 2nd International Conference on Civil Infrastructure and Construction. Qatar University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/cic.2023.0106.
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This research centres on the need to develop a simple but sustainable material for the utilization of the quantum of plastic wastes that litter our environment. The research uses waste plastics and laterite soil and converts them into construction materials (interlock blocks) with the help of the densifier, thereby reducing the plastic waste, which is a key contributor to environmental pollution. Literature has shown that concrete structure is prone to chemical actions; the durability of conventional concrete bricks gets affected by chemical effects. The chemicals may cause cracking of concrete, rutting, and deterioration of the structure. In the same vein, the plastic-laterite interlock bricks might not be free from such defects due to chemical action. Therefore, this research looks into the effects of different chemical curing conditions on the compressive strength of plastic-laterite paving blocks. Varying proportions of plastic wastes and laterite soil were mixed and processed into composite bricks and subjected to different chemical treatments; in acid, base, oil, and water for 3, 14, and 28 days relative to a concrete brick control. It was observed that samples cured in acid solution gave the lowest compressive strength, while those in base solution gave the highest. The paving interlock blocks made from polyethylene/laterite composite registered relative performance compared to concrete interlock bricks control. If made and put into use, these blocks will reduce construction costs, assist in environmental sustainability and improve circular economic growth. Therefore, using this innovative approach will bolster infrastructural projects and checkmate plastic pollution within our environment.
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Yamusa, Yamusa Bello, Mubarak L. Liman, Bilkisu Danjuma, Abubakar Sani, and Yusuf Walliyullah. "Utilisation of Waste Plastics Admix with Laterite Soil for Production of Road Pavement Interlocking Blocks." In The 2nd International Conference on Civil Infrastructure and Construction. Qatar University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/cic.2023.0079.
Full textAbstract:
Plastic wastes are non-biodegradable and hence pile up in refuse dumps and streets constituting an eyesore and menace to the environment. Some of them end up in drainages and waterways where they block water passages resulting in flooding. This is in addition to the fatalities they cause to livestock and marine life that ingest them unknowingly. Globally, plastic waste proliferation has been recognized among the biggest environmental challenges mitigating the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). This research intends to transform the unwanted plastic wastes by mixing with laterite soil to produce road-paving interlocking blocks. Laterite soil was mixed with plastic waste at various proportions by respective weight denoted as P1 (60:40%), P2 (70:30%), and P3 (80:20%) to determine their usability as road paving material. Maximum compressive strength of 9.68, 10.40, and 6.88 N/mm2 were achieved for P1, P2, and P3 respectively, implying the P2 mix has the best strength. The paving interlocking blocks made from plastic-laterite composite registered a relatively high performance and met the minimum compressive strength required by the Nigerian Building and Road Research Institute for interlocking paving blocks deployed for non-traffic use.
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Andriani, Hafizah Novasari, and Hendri Gusti Putra. "Improvement of subgrade on peat soil using laterite soil and cement." In 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE & SYMPHOSIUM ON CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT: Value Added Construction. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0119156.
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Pal, Dr Manish, and Dipankar Sarkar. "Study of Young's Modulus of Laterite Soil-Bamboo Fibre Mix." In Annual International Conference on Architecture and Civil Engineering. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2301-394x_ace13.113.
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Mendonça, Augusto F., and Augusto C. B. Pires. "Geophysical Methods to Identify Underground Erosion in Lateritic Soils." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 1996. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.2922360.
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Binti Zakaria, Nur Syahirah Syuhadah, Siti Norafida Binti Jusoh, Nor Zurairahetty Binti Mohd Yunus, Muhammad Azril Bin Hezmi, Roslizayati Razali, and Nurin Hannah Binti Ahmad Rizal. "Soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) of lime-laterite stabilised soil as a lining-system design." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRONICS, ENGINEERING PHYSICS, AND EARTH SCIENCE. AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0192823.
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