Journal articles: 'Latin American literature|Latin American history|Womens studies'

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Rostagno, Irene. "Waldo Frank's Crusade for Latin American Literature." Americas 46, no. 1 (July 1989): 41–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1007393.

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Waldo Frank, who is now forgotten in Latin America, was once the most frequently read and admired North American author there. Though his work is largely neglected in the U.S., he was at one time the leading North American expert on Latin American writing. His name looms large in tracing the careers of Latin American writers in this country before 1940. Long before Franklin D. Roosevelt launched the Good Neighbor policy, Frank brought back to his countrymen news of Latin American culture.Frank went to South America when he was almost forty. The youthful dreams of Frank and his fellow pre-World War I writers and artists to make their country a fit place for cultural renaissance that would change society had waned with the onset of the twenties.1 But they had not completely vanished. Disgruntled by the climate of "normalcy" prevailing in America after World War I, he turned to Latin America. He started out in the Southwest. The remnants of Mexican culture he found in Arizona and New Mexico enticed him to venture further into the Hispanic world. In 1921 he traveled extensively in Spain and in 1929 spent six months exploring Latin America.

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Graham-Jones, Jean. "Latin American(ist) Theatre History: Bridging the Divides." Theatre Survey 47, no. 2 (September 12, 2006): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040557406000172.

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In October 2004, I edited Theatre Journal's special issue on Latin American theatre. In addition to five essays on subjects ranging from sixteenth-century Amerindian performance to a twenty-first-century Mexican adaptation of an Irish play, that issue included a forum on the state of Latin American theatre and performance studies in the United States today. Even though the thirteen respondents resided, independently or as affiliates, in different disciplinary homes (theatre, performance, languages, and literature) and took multiple points of departure, a common thread ran throughout their comments: the need for the U.S. academy to study and teach the diversity that is known as Latin America.1 Tamara Underiner succinctly notes that “Latin America has never answered easily as an object of inquiry for theatre studies.”2 Indeed, studying Latin American theatre and performance poses very specific challenges: the region encompasses some twenty countries whose national borders obscure larger geographical, cultural, religious, political, and socioeconomic networks; a multiplicity of languages—European, dialectal, and indigenous to the hemisphere—are still spoken, written, and performed; and numerous intersecting histories extend back far beyond the five hundred years since the Europeans arrived and precipitated what today we euphemistically refer to as “contact.” Latin America does not terminate at the U.S.–Mexican border; thus although I'm cognizant of the attendant complications when including the U.S. latino/a communities in a discussion of Latin American theatre, the cultural network is such that I consider any arbitrary separation counter to the purposes of this reflection. Otherwise, how can we take into account the larger networks navigated by such U.S.-based playwrights as Guillermo Reyes (born in Chile but raised in the United States and the author of plays about Chilean history as well as specifically U.S. identities) or Ariel Dorfman (born in Argentina, raised in New York City and Santiago, Chile, now a professor at Duke, and author of English-language plays whose subject matter is frequently authoritarian Latin America)?

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Perus, Françoise. "Historiography and regionalism in Latin American literature." Journal of Latin American Cultural Studies 6, no. 2 (November 1997): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13569329709361910.

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Wiarda, Howard J. "The Political Sociology of a Concept: Corporatism and the “Distinct Tradition”." Americas 66, no. 1 (July 2009): 81–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.0.0155.

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The field of Latin American Studies owes much to Professor Howard J. Wiarda, whose pioneering work on “corporatism” and political culture during the 1960s and 1970s helped establish a new conceptual paradigm for interpreting the persistence of corporately defined, institutional identities throughout Latin America, despite the purported triumph of the “Liberal Tradition.” A child of Dutch parents, his early travels throughout Africa, Asia, and Latin America sparked a keen interest in the question of “third world development.” Entering graduate school in the early 1960s, Professor Wiarda gravitated to the newly emergent field of modernization studies at the University of Florida, where he received his masters and doctorate degrees in Latin American politics. It was a time of tremendous social ferment in Latin America and his early fieldwork took him to the Dominican Republic, Mexico and Brazil, among other places. In each instance, he found recognizable patterns that transcended geographic locations, patterns that seemed to directly challenge the predominant arguments set forth in the modernization literature at the time.

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Kofman, Andrey F. "Matriarch of Latin American Studies in Russia. Vera Kuteishchikova’s Birth Centenary." Literature of the Americas, no. 9 (2020): 283–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-7894-2020-9-283-307.

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The paper is dedicated to the famous Russian Latin Americanist Vera Nikolaevna Kuteishchikova (1919–2012), who became the second Russian woman after A. Kollontai to be awarded with the Mexican Order of the Aztec Eagle for her merits in the study of Mexican literature. However, V. Kuteishchikova’s specialization was not limited to the Mexican literature; her academic interests included a wide range of issues. The paper demonstrates that she laid the foundations for the scientific study of Latin American literature in Russia and outlined the ways for further research in the field. Therefore, V. Kuteishchikova’s life and work are considered in an inseparable context with the development of Latin American literary studies in Russia. The list of the Russian editions and translations of Latin American writers and the number of critical works published before the 1960s clearly confirm the fact that until then Latin American literary studies did not exist as an independent branch of philological science in Russia, since Russian scholars had a very vague notion of the Latin American literature. The first research work in philology on the Latin American literature was the monograph by V.N. Kuteishchikova Latin American Novel in the XX century (1964). The paper pays special attention to this significant work. An analysis of this book proves that its author identified and revealed a number of essential topics and problems that would be center of Latin American studies in Russia. With an amazing sagacity V.N. Kuteishchikova mapped out a program for Latin American studies for half a century ahead. These ideas were developed in her work in 1970s, in particular, in New Latin American Novel (1976), co-written with her husband, L.S. Ospovat. The paper traces the participation of V.N. Kuteishchikova in the creation of the academic five-volume History of Latin American Literatures; analyzes her last book Moscow – Mexico – Moscow. A Lifelong Road (2000), gives a spiritual portrait of the Russian scholar.

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Hernández, Paola S. "Latin American Shakespeares." Luso-Brazilian Review 43, no. 2 (2006): 176–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lbr.2007.0008.

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Charles, Jenneil. "Colorism and the Afro-Latinx Experience: A Review of the Literature." Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 43, no. 1-2 (February 2021): 8–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07399863211027378.

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Using Bronfenbrenner’s Social Ecological Model, this systematic critical literature review investigated factors that contributed to the development of colorism, as well as the effects of colorism on Afro-Latinx persons, in Brazil, Mexico, and Puerto Rico, and the wider Latin American region. Agencies within the macrosystem and chronosystem were used to investigate factors involved in instituting colorism in Latin America. Constituents of the microsystem and mesosystem were used to research the effects of colorism on Afro-Latinx persons. The development of colorism ideologies and practices in Latin America was largely due to the endorsement of laws, cultural values, and cultural beliefs that arose from the perceptions and interactions between the region’s main ethnic groups and the biases that emerged from these interactions during key eras throughout their history. It was found that several studies documented the de facto impact of colorism on the family, school, community, and professional lives of Afro-Latinx persons.

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Perea, Natalia Sobrevilla. "The Enduring Power of Patronage in Peruvian Elections: Quispicanchis, 1860." Americas 67, no. 1 (July 2010): 31–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.0.0300.

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Political patronage was at the very basis of society's functioning in nineteenth-century Latin America, yet we still know very little about its inner dynamics. Recent analyses of national politics have questioned the idea that Latin American elections were restrictive and fraudulent, or that there was no effective citizenship. These studies have widened the understanding of political participation, and have argued persuasively for the agency of those who had been previously reduced to the background. Leading scholars have stressed the importance of early widespread suffrage and electoral mobilization in Latin America, noting that detailed analysis of local power struggles promise to reveal the dynamics of social structures and electoral politics. This new literature has also firmly established that in Latin America the process through which this happened was not linear, as generous voting rights were often restricted over time.

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CARROLL R, M. Daniel. "The Prophetic Text and the Literature of Dissent in Latin America: Amos, Garcia Marquez, and Cabrera Infante Dismantle Militarism." Biblical Interpretation 4, no. 1 (1996): 76–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851596x00121.

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AbstractThis article attempts a reading of the final form of Amos within the framework of the literary tradition of the novels of dissent in Latin America. Works by the Colombian Gabriel Garcia Márquez and the Cuban Guillermo Cabrera Infante are presented in order to demonstrate how literary strategies can take apart the pretense and cruelty of the militarism so endemic to Latin American history and society. The reading of Amos shows how pervasive militarism is in the world of the prophetic text and highlights how that text ridicules and condemns it through literary technique. Amos, therefore, echoes many of the concerns of Latin American texts. As the scripture of the Christian church, however, Amos not only can be read alongside of other protest literature but can also make a particular contribution to help the people of God on that continent confront the harsh realities of life.

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Valente, Luiz Fernando. "The Cambridge History of Latin American Literature. Vol. 3: Brazilian Literature, Bibliographies." Hispanic American Historical Review 80, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-80-1-159.

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Rodriguez, Julia. "A Complex Fabric: Intersecting Histories of Race, Gender, and Science in Latin America." Hispanic American Historical Review 91, no. 3 (August 1, 2011): 409–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-1300137.

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Abstract This essay describes historians’ recent and growing awareness of the significance of science in modern Latin America. It focuses first on the work and influence of the historian Nancy Leys Stepan, who in the past 30 years pioneered the joining of methods in the history of science — in particular, the tendency to see science in its specific social context — with some of the most central concerns of Latin Americanists. For example, a key contribution of Stepan’s work is her analysis of scientific representations of human difference that shaped the creation and legitimating of racist and sexist ideas across Latin American societies. Moreover, her work was part of an early wave that brought the application of feminist and critical race theory to the field, with valuable outcomes. Her work has been a springboard for continuing investigations of the interplay between scientific ideas and practices and larger social forces. After an overview of Stepan’s approach and findings, the essay discusses two major trends in the literature that emerge from and build on Stepan’s work: the incorporation of sexuality along with race, gender, and class in studies of science and medicine in Latin American history; and further developments in the history of transatlantic science in the modern period.

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Cutler, John Alba. "Latinx Modernism and the Spirit of Latinoamericanismo." American Literary History 33, no. 3 (August 5, 2021): 571–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajab048.

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Abstract Newspapers were the primary literary institutions of Latinx modernism, and attending more centrally to newspaper and other periodical literature changes the way we understand Latinx literary history. It demonstrates not only the generic and formal dynamism of Latinx writing but also how thoroughly embedded that writing has always been in hemispheric currents of thought and textual circulation. In this essay, I give an account of how Latinx modernism contributes to and transforms the fields of Latinx literature, modernist studies, and Latin American studies. I describe the print-cultural archive of Latinx modernism and justify my use of the term Latinx based on the transnational identifications of newspaper literature pages during this period. I then outline the problems and potentiality presented by the Latinity of Latinx writing, building on the work of Latin American decolonial theorists. Relying on examples from the archive, I show how Latinx modernism engages what I am calling the spirit of Latinoamericanismo and in the process transforms our conception of American modernity, showing it to be inextricable from coloniality. The spirit of Latinoamericanismo figures the oppositional potential of Latinx modernist literature, including its contradictions and limits.

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Spadaccini, Nicholas. "The Cambridge History of Latin American Literature. Vol. 1: Discovery to Modernism." Hispanic American Historical Review 80, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 155–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-80-1-155.

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Lindstrom, Naomi. "The Cambridge History of Latin American Literature. Vol. 2: The Twentieth Century." Hispanic American Historical Review 80, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 158–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-80-1-158.

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Risk, Diana. "The Latin American Fashion Reader." Journal of American Culture 29, no. 2 (June 2006): 255–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734x.2006.00363.x.

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Amor, Monica. "Displaced Boundaries: Geometric Abstraction from Pictures to Objects." ARTMargins 3, no. 2 (June 2014): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artm_r_00083.

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This review concerns Osbel Suarez, Cold America: Geometric Abstraction in Latin America (1934–1973), an exhibition presented by the Fundación Juan March in Madrid, Feb 11–May 15, 2011 and Alejandro Crispiani's book Objetos para transformar el mundo: Trayectorias del arte concreto-invención, Argentina y Chile, 1940–1970 [Objects to Transform the World: Trajectories of Concrete-Invention Art, Argentina and Chile, 1940–1970] (Buenos Aires: Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, 2011). The review briefly assesses the state of the literature on Latin American Geometric Abstractio and analyzes these two publications from 2011, which stand precisely for traditional approaches and new developments in the field.

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Saether, Steinar A. "Bourbon Absolutism and Marriage Reform in Late Colonial Spanish America." Americas 59, no. 4 (April 2003): 475–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2003.0056.

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The study of marriageways in colonial Latin America has altered and deepened our understanding of the societies and cultures within the Spanish and Portuguese empires of the New World. During the last thirty or forty years a series of studies have explored the complex and varied patterns of marriage and family formation in colonial Latin America. Inspired by the work of Peter Laslett, Lawrence Stone and Louis Flandrin among others, historians of the region have produced a rich historical literature on the demographic, social and cultural aspects of colonial marriageways. Most studies have focused on the late colonial period, and the years after 1778 when the Pragmática sanción de matrimonios (first issued in Spain in 1776) was extended to Spanish America. One effect of the new law was an astonishing outpouring of reports, questions, lawsuits and regulations concerning marriage, which in turn have been seized upon by historians to reconstruct important aspects of late colonial Latin American societies. Despite the frequent use of these sources, the legislation itself has received little serious attention, and several basic misunderstandings prevail regarding its background and meaning. As a consequence, the political implications of marriage have been poorly understood.

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Bucheli, Marcelo. "Major Trends in the Historiography of the Latin American Oil Industry." Business History Review 84, no. 2 (2010): 339–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680500002646.

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The historiography of Latin America's oil industry has evolved since the period between the 1960s and the 1980s, when most scholars were focusing on the rise of nationalism in reaction to the multinationals' control of the oil sector. Beginning in the 1990s, the emergence of new methodologies enabled historians to study other aspects of the industry, such as its environmental and cultural impact, local elites' role in its development, the industry's impact on the long-term development of Latin American countries, and the organizational evolution of state-owned oil companies. However, the literature continues to be dominated by studies of Mexico, while the subject of oil consumption is largely ignored.

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Bauer, Ralph. "Hemispheric Studies." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 124, no. 1 (January 2009): 234–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2009.124.1.234.

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When, in 1990, Gustavo Pérez Firmat asked, “Do the Americas have a common literature?” He was responding to a fledgling critical endeavor that had been pioneered during the previous decade in only a handful of studies, by such Latin Americanists and literary comparatists as M. J. Valdés, José Ballón, Bell Gale Chevigny, Gari Laguardia, Vera Kutzinski, Alfred Owen Aldridge, and Lois Parkinson Zamora (“Cheek” 2). Although “inter-American literary studies”—the comparative investigation of the “literatures and cultures of this hemisphere” as one unit of study—seemed to Pérez Firmat “something of a terra incognita” in 1990 (“Cheek” 1–2), the hemispheric conception of American studies had originated in the United States some sixty years earlier with the Berkeley historian Herbert Eugene Bolton (1870–1953), who argued, in his seminal 1932 presidential address to the American Historical Association, for an “essential unity” in the history of the Western hemisphere (472). Although the contributing historians in Lewis Hanke's 1964 collection of essays Do the Americas Have a Common History? gave this “Bolton Thesis” a decidedly mixed review, the thesis provided the inspiration for Pérez Firmat's landmark collection and a starting point for much subsequent hemispheric scholarship. Meanwhile, inter-American studies has had a strong tradition in Europe that is, in fact, older than Pérez Firmat's or Hanke's collection. As early as the 1950s, the eminent Italian Americanist Antonello Gerbi was publishing his groundbreaking works in comparative hemispheric and Atlantic history, which studied the early modern polemic about the degenerative influences the New World environments had on plants, animals, and humans. Also, Hans Galinsky, at the University of Mainz, was exploring the literature of the European discovery and aesthetic forms such as the baroque in the early Americas from a comparative perspective in the 1960s.

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VIGOYA, MARA VIVEROS. "Contemporary Latin American Perspectives on Masculinity." Men and Masculinities 3, no. 3 (January 2001): 237–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097184x01003003002.

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de Laforcade, Geoffroy, and Steven J. Hirsch. "Introduction: Indigeneity and Latin American Anarchism." Anarchist Studies 28, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/as.28.2.01.

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The articles in this special issue frame the question of anarchism and indigeneity as historiography, but also as a commentary on the ways in which examining Latin American pasts can inform contemporary understandings of social movements in the region and beyond. In particular, our hope is that they will provoke further interest and research into how history reflects on the ongoing efforts by revolutionaries today, and by the diverse communities with which they engage, to imagine a future devoid of authoritarian and instrumentalist discourses and practices that continue to reproduce the inequities of state power, capitalist oppression, and colonial domination. The case can be made that while its historiography is in its early stages, anarchists in Latin America historically engaged the communities in which they immersed, in some localities more successfully than others. This issue of Anarchist Studies will show that Bolivia - largely ignored in the English-language literature on the subject - and Peru demonstrated early and ongoing efforts to approach indigeneity among Aymara and Quechua peoples in urban and rural settings (see de Laforcade and Hirsch). In Guatemala, however, which is at the heart of a vast regional geography of diverse Mayan peoples ranging from Honduras to Mexico, and in which the white and mestizo populations are a distinct minority, no such tradition emerged (see Monteflores). Raymond Craib has noted that in Chile, a country on the southern reaches of the Andes that produced a vibrant anarchist culture in the early 20th century, the anarchist archives show virtually no connection between the labour movement and the southern Mapuche peoples of Araucania. Beyond the simple question of whether anarchists acknowledged and engaged in solidarity with indigenous communities, however, there is the more sensitive question raised by Mexican sociologist Josué Sansón on the 'translatability' of anarchist ideas and practices among Peruvian rural communities, which he studied. Sansón argues that the transmission was not 'unidirectional', but rather a 'space of encounter in which some Aymara and Quechua communities received and appropriated them, reinterpreting and adapting them to them their own idioms of resistance in the creation of their own autonomous movements.'

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VERZERO, LORENA. "Theatre History Studies in Latin America Today: Issues in Common." Theatre Research International 44, no. 02 (July 2019): 200–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883319000075.

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David Wiles discusses the state of theatre history and the status of the theatre historian according to the voices of academics working on and in the Western tradition. In this article I intend to briefly contribute to those debates with reflections on how we make theatre history, and what we are working on, in the Latin American academy today.

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Balachandran Orihuela, Sharada. "The Time of the Latinx Nineteenth Century." American Literary History 32, no. 1 (December 27, 2019): 140–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajz057.

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Abstract The Latino Nineteenth Century: Archival Encounters in American Literary History (2016), edited by Rodrigo Lazo and Jesse Alemán, is a formative volume that, in its capaciousness, reorients nineteenth-century literary history toward a substantial engagement with Latinx and Latin American literary and cultural production. Consisting of 15 sections written by leading scholars in the field of nineteenth-century Latinx literary studies, the volume tackles an impressive range of nineteenth-century Latinx thinkers and texts. The essays collected here oscillate seamlessly from macro to micro scales of space, move across the long nineteenth century, and engage with an array of printed materials of the Latinx nineteenth century. This volume is about multiplicity: from Jessie Alemán’s Philadelphia to Juan Poblete’s essay on the close ties between California and Chile in the nineteenth century; from the instances of failed immigration outlined by Robert McKee Irwin to Kirsten Silva Gruesz’s migratory “errancy”; from José Aranda’s essay on Mexican American modernity to Marissa Lopez’s argument about Latino dismodernity. Ultimately, the editors and contributors reveal the numerous nineteenth centuries across the hemisphere, and help us imagine the intersections of US literary history and Latinx studies in the nineteenth century.

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Chambers, Sarah C., Ileana Rodriguez, and Robert Carr. "House/Garden/Nation: Space, Gender, Ethnicity in Post-Colonial Latin American Literature by Women." Hispanic American Historical Review 77, no. 1 (February 1997): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2517065.

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Chambers, Sarah C. "House/Garden/Nation: Space, Gender, Ethnicity in Post-Colonial Latin American Literature by Women." Hispanic American Historical Review 77, no. 1 (February 1, 1997): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-77.1.86.

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Pérez-Torres, Rafael. "Gatekeeping Stories of Dissent and Mobility." American Literary History 31, no. 2 (2019): 312–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajz012.

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AbstractThree new studies consider the significance of storytelling in a Latinx and hemispheric American context around the turn of the millennium. Where neoliberal policies seem to position ethnoracial subjectivities in realms of social abjection or racial containment, these studies contribute to interdisciplinary conversations about racial affiliation, economic aspiration, and political dissent in literature. Each considers writers either engaging complex negotiations between racial and class affiliations, challenging social expectations for cultural products in an ethnic marketplace, or speaking against repressive governmental regimes. Each weighs a hope for transformative social change against the efficient, impersonal, even brutal management of modern ethnoracial otherness. Elda Román analyzes stories about upward mobility for racially or ethnically identified characters who strive to maintain a critical sense of racial affiliation while seeking greater social and class mobility. Since forms like magical realism often mark the ethnic identification of an author, Christopher González considers how unexpected or challenging narrations break down restrictive perceptions of what Latinx literature can be. Theresa Longo, deliberating over a radical Latin American literature of dissent distributed to US audiences by small publishing houses, sketches an intellectual history of radical thought in the Americas that has informed a dominant strain of US Latinx criticism.

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Lindstrom, Naomi. "Toward a Transnational Approach to the Study of Jewish Latin American Literature and Culture." Contemporary Jewry 38, no. 2 (July 2018): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12397-018-9264-7.

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DeVirgilis, Megan. "Hearth and Home and Horror: Gothic Trappings in early C20th Latin American Short Fiction." Gothic Studies 23, no. 2 (July 2021): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/gothic.2021.0094.

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The Gothic short form in Latin America has yet to receive focused scholarly attention. Yet, despite no early Gothic novel tradition to speak of, the Gothic mode emerged in poetry and short fiction, representing particular anxieties and colonial/postcolonial realities specific to the region owing in part to a significant increase in periodicals. Focusing on two case studies – Clemente Palma's ‘La granja blanca’ (Peru, 1904) and Horacio Quiroga's ‘El almohadón de plumas’ (Uruguay, 1917) – this article will explore how Latin American authors classified as modern, modernista, and criollista were experimenting with Gothic forms, adapting the design of the traditional Gothic novel to intensify its effect and reach a wider readership. Demonstrating a particular influence of Poe, a unity of effect is created, one that suggests that the home is a place of horrors, not comfort, and the uniquely horrifying settings and plot ultimately challenge established moral codes and literary tendencies.

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Desfosses, Helen, and Augusto Varas. "Soviet-Latin American Relations in the 1980s." Russian Review 48, no. 3 (July 1989): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/130382.

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Webber, Sabra J. "Middle East Studies & Subaltern Studies." Middle East Studies Association Bulletin 31, no. 1 (July 1997): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026318400034830.

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Despite the physical proximity of the birthplace of Subaltern Studies, South Asia, to the Middle East and despite the convergent, colliding histories of these two regions, scholars of the Middle East attend very little to the Subaltern Studies project or to the work of Subaltern Studies groups. Although certain stances of Fanon and Said, with their focus on cultural strategies of domination and resistance, have a currency in Middle Eastern studies, no literary theorist, folklorist, anthropologist, political scientist or historian in the field of Middle Eastern Studies, so far as I am aware, explicitly draws upon Subaltern Studies with any consistency as an organizing principle for his or her studies. It is the Latin Americanists (and to a lesser degree Africanists) who have been most eager to build on South Asian Subaltern Studies to respond to Latin American (or subsanaran African) circumstances. Perhaps it is time to take a closer look at what Subaltern Studies might contribute to Middle Eastern studies if we were to make a sustained effort to apply and critique that body of literature.

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Jiménez, Alejandra González. "Latin American Labor Studies: National Contexts and Lived Realities." Latin American Research Review 56, no. 2 (2021): 522–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25222/larr.1388.

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Martín-Rodríguez, Manuel M. "Recovering Chicano/a Literary Histories: Historiography beyond Borders." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 120, no. 3 (May 2005): 796–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081205x63868.

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This article underscores the need to reconstruct Mexican American literary historiography by locating and analyzing pre–Chicano/a movement critical sources. Consideration of how Mexican Americans saw their literature at different junctures in the past will ensure that we do not impose our own aesthetic and political criteria as we reinterpret older texts. I analyze a 1959 literary history of New Mexico and Colorado in order to explore how a recovery of this particular text would intervene in current debates in the field of Chicana/o studies, most prominently the tension between nationalism and regional studies, on the one hand, and transnationalism, on the other. My analysis demonstrates that Mexican Americans and Chicanos/as have shared literary tastes and cultural capital with other Latinas/os and Latin Americans and that consequently Chicano/a literary history should be a discipline that goes beyond borders.

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Sánchez Prado*, Ignacio M. "Commodifying Mexico: On American Dirt and the Cultural Politics of a Manufactured Bestseller." American Literary History 33, no. 2 (April 17, 2021): 371–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajab039.

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Abstract Following the publication and controversy surrounding American Dirt (2020) by Jeanine Cummins, this essay discusses the process by which American Dirt's bestseller status was manufactured in correlation with Flatiron☳ aim to capitalize on a growing Latinx market and on the political visibility of the questions of immigration. It argues that the misrepresentation and commodification of Mexico in the book's form and construction is a central feature of its marketability and success and studies the ways in which the book☳ errors align themselves with representations in Hollywood cinema and television that forward a negative view of Mexico aligned with anti-immigrant and anti-Mexican politics. Finally, the essay discusses the coexistence of these two factors with a growing infrastructure of Hispanophone and translated Latin American literature that competes with, and seeks to challenge, the existence of books like American Dirt.

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Goodrich, Diana S. "From Barbarism to Civilization: Travels of a Latin American Text." American Literary History 4, no. 3 (1992): 443–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/4.3.443.

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Brunner, Jose Joaquin. "Notes on Modernity and Postmodernity in Latin American Culture." boundary 2 20, no. 3 (1993): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/303339.

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López-Calvo, Ignacio. "From Interethnic Alliances to the “Magical Negro”: Afro-Asian Interactions in Asian Latin American Literature." Humanities 7, no. 4 (November 5, 2018): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h7040110.

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This essay studies Afro-Asian sociocultural interactions in cultural production by or about Asian Latin Americans, with an emphasis on Cuba and Brazil. Among the recurrent characters are the black slave, the china mulata, or the black ally who expresses sympathy or even marries the Asian character. This reflects a common history of bondage shared by black slaves, Chinese coolies, and Japanese indentured workers, as well as a common history of marronage. These conflicts and alliances between Asians and blacks contest the official discourse of mestizaje (Spanish-indigenous dichotomies in Mexico and Andean countries, for example, or black and white binaries in Brazil and the Caribbean) that, under the guise of incorporating the other, favored whiteness while attempting to silence, ignore, or ultimately erase their worldviews and cultures.

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Browne, Ray B. "Latin American Mystery Writers: An A-to-Z Guide." Journal of American Culture 27, no. 4 (December 2004): 449–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734x.2004.148_18.x.

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Brodsky, Adriana M. "On the Edge of the Holocaust: The Shoah in Latin American Literature and Culture by Edna Aizenberg." American Jewish History 102, no. 2 (2018): 303–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2018.0023.

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AWOONOR, KOFI. "Summary Information: Poems from Latin American and Caribbean Notebook I." Matatu 21-22, no. 1 (April 26, 2000): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-90000325.

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Munck, Ronaldo. "Cycles of class struggle and the making of the working class in Argentina, 1890–1920." Journal of Latin American Studies 19, no. 1 (May 1987): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x00017120.

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There is currently a renewed interest in the relationship between economic fluctations and strike movements which refers back to an article by Eric Hobsbawm1 and an even earlier polemical piece by Leon Trotsky.2 This article offers a contribution to the growing literature, focusing, unlike most other studies, on a Third.World country. It also reflects the increasing influence of social history in Latin American research on the making of the working class.

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Schwaller, John F., and Miguel Leon-Pórtilla. "Broken Spears or Broken Bones: Evolution of the Most Famous Line in Nahuatl." Americas 66, no. 02 (October 2009): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.0.0168.

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Arguably the line “Broken Spears” is the most famous in Nahuatl. Any undergraduate student who has taken a course in Latin American history, literature, or anthropology has in all likelihood come across the line. It, of course, comes from the title of Miguel Leon-Portilla's book of the same name. The line appears in a description of Tlatelolco following the destruction of the city by the Spanish in the conquest of Mexico: Broken spears lie in the roads We have torn our hair in our grief The houses are roofless now, and their walls Are red with blood. This evocative image has dominated much of the imagination of two generations of college students.

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Alcaraz, Andrea, Akram Hernández-Vásquez, Alfredo Palacios, Belén Rodríguez, Javier Roberti, Sebastián García-Martí, Agustín Ciapponi, Federico Augustovski, Ariel Bardach, and Andrés Pichon-Riviere. "Health and Economic Impact of Health Warnings and Plain Tobacco Packaging in Seven Latin American Countries: Results of a Simulation Model." Nicotine & Tobacco Research 22, no. 11 (June 12, 2020): 2032–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaa104.

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Abstract Introduction The burden of disease attributable to tobacco use in Latin America is very high. Our objective was to evaluate the 10-year potential impact of current legislation related to cigarette packaging and warnings and expected effects of moving to a higher level of strategies implementing cigarette plain packaging on health and cost outcomes in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, using a microsimulation model. Aims and Methods We used a probabilistic state-transition microsimulation model, considering natural history, costs, and quality of life losses associated with main tobacco-related diseases. We followed up individuals in hypothetical cohorts and calculated health outcomes annually to obtain aggregated long-term population health outcomes and costs. We performed a literature review to estimate effects and analyzed studies and information from ministries, relevant organizations, and national surveys. We calibrated the model comparing the predicted disease-specific mortality rates with local statistics. Results Current graphic warnings already in place in each country could avert, during 10 years, 69 369 deaths and 638 295 disease events, adding 1.2 million years of healthy life and saving USD 5.3 billion in the seven countries. If these countries implemented plain packaging strategies, additional 155 857 premature deaths and 4 133 858 events could be averted, adding 4.1 million healthy years of life and saving USD 13.6 billion in direct health care expenses of diseases attributable to smoking. Conclusions Latin American countries should not delay the implementation of this strategy that will alleviate part of the enormous health and financial burden that tobacco poses on their economies and health care systems. Implications Tobacco smoking is the single most preventable and premature mortality cause in the world. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, supported by the World Health Organization, introduced a package of evidence-based measures for tobacco control. This study adds evidence on the potential health effects and savings of implementing cigarette plain packaging in countries representing almost 80% of the Latin American population; findings are valuable resources for policy makers in the region.

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Peters, Mario. "Automobilität in Lateinamerika – eine historiographische Analyse." Anuario de Historia de América Latina 56 (December 20, 2019): 369–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/jbla.56.152.

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Although car-ownership matters to many Latin Americans and cars are nearly omnipresent in daily life in Latin American societies, very little is known about important aspects of the social and cultural histories of automobility in Latin America. However, in the last ten years, several historians have begun to approach the meanings of automobility in Latin American countries. This trend is closely connected to recent developments and new approaches in the international research on mobility, the latter of which I discuss in the first part of this essay. To proceed, I analyze the state of the art on the history of automobility in Latin America, focusing on the following aspects: the emergence of early Latin American car cultures, car and traffic-related social conflicts, and road building. In the last part I ponder on the question of how future studies might advance the state of research on automobility and offer new perspectives on central themes in Latin American history.Although car-ownership matters to many Latin Americans and cars are nearly omnipresent in daily life in Latin American societies, very little is known about important aspects of the social and cultural histories of automobility in Latin America. However, in the last ten years, several historians have begun to approach the meanings of automobility in Latin American countries. This trend is closely connected to recent developments and new approaches in the international research on mobility, the latter of which I discuss in the first part of this essay. To proceed, I analyze the state of the art on the history of automobility in Latin America, focusing on the following aspects: the emergence of early Latin American car cultures, car and traffic-related social conflicts, and road building. In the last part I ponder on the question of how future studies might advance the state of research on automobility and offer new perspectives on central themes in Latin American history.

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Ramírez, Alonso, and Pablo E. Gutiérrez-Fonseca. "Freshwater research in Latin America: Current research topics, challenges, and opportunities." Revista de Biología Tropical 68, S2 (October 22, 2020): S1—S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v68is2.44328.

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Introduction: Freshwater research in Latin America has been increasing in recent years, with a large participation of scientists based on local institutions. However, researchers in the region are facing diverse challenges, and we lack a regional overview of the status of freshwater research. Objective: To address this, we surveyed researchers in the region to assess the current activity and challenges faced by the scientific community. We were interested in understanding (1) the type of research currently taking place in the region, (2) the major research gaps, as viewed by local researchers, and (3) the main limitations or obstacles slowing the development of freshwater science in the region. Methods: We prepared a questionnaire with 26 questions regarding the background of participants, their ongoing research priorities, the products generated from their research, and the major limitations they are facing as researchers. Results: We obtained 105 answers from researchers in 19 Latin American countries. Some of the important trends identified included: (1) a focus on stream ecosystems under agricultural and natural forest; (2) emphasis on biodiversity assessment and species inventories; (3) limited ecological research, mostly centered on litter decomposition and food web studies; and (4) communicating research in the form of peer-reviewed papers and reports in gray literature. Major limitations to the scientific activity included: (1) language, with a majority of respondents considering their handling of English a handicap; (2) limited access to research equipment; (3) lack of tools, such as taxonomic keys; and (4) limited research funding. Research needs and priorities resulted in three major areas in need of attention: (1) developing taxonomy and systematics; (2) improving our current understanding of ecology and natural history; and (3) understanding species distributions and biodiversity patterns. Conclusions: Latin America has an active community of scientists. There is a need to diversify research topics, without abandoning traditional research areas (e.g., taxonomy, species distribution). We advocate for more collaboration among scientists with similar research goals, regardless of their affiliation. Improving communication and collaboration among universities and countries within Latin America will certainly facilitate overcoming obstacles and will help shaping a brighter future for freshwater research, and sciences in general, in the region.

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Gartenberg, Charlotte. "Inheriting Ghosts in Latin American Jewish Literature: Forging Stories and Selves Out of Deathly Pasts in Sergio Chejfec and Eduardo Halfon." Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies 39, no. 1 (2021): 120–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sho.2021.0011.

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Jerônimo, Aline Ferreira de Araújo, Ângela Gabrielly Quirino Freitas, and Mathias Weller. "Risk factors of breast cancer and knowledge about the disease: an integrative revision of Latin American studies." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 22, no. 1 (January 2017): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232017221.09272015.

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Abstract The aim of this integrative review was to compare Latin American literature about risk and knowledge on breast cancer. Of 47 studies selected, 20 were about knowledge or awareness and 27 about risk of breast cancer. English was the dominant language in studies about risk, whereas studies about knowledge were mainly written in Spanish or Portuguese. Studies about knowledge were all cross- sectional, whereas case- control studies dominated authors’ interest about risk of breast cancer. Studies about knowledge were mainly focused on early detection of the disease and the most common study objective was breast self- examination (N = 14). In contrast, few studies about risk of breast cancer focused on early detection (N = 5). Obesity and overweight (N = 14), family history (N = 13), decreased parity (N = 12), and short breastfeeding duration (N = 10) were among the most frequent identified risk factors. Socio- economic factors such as income and educational level had variable effects on breast cancer risk and affected also knowledge of women about risk factors and early detection. Present results indicated that studies about risk of breast cancer were more often based on a better sound analytical background, compared to studies about knowledge, which were mostly descriptive.

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Vazquez, K. "Brazilian Cyberpunk and the Latin American Neobaroque: Political Critique in a Globalized World." Luso-Brazilian Review 49, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 208–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lbr.2012.0005.

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Silva, Janaina Barbosa da, and Maria Cristina Soares Rodrigues. "Pressure ulcers in individuals with spinal cord injury: risk factors in neurological rehabilitation." Rev Rene 21 (August 18, 2020): e44155. http://dx.doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20202144155.

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Objective: to identify risk factors for the occurrence of pressure ulcers in adult individuals with spinal cord injuries in neurological rehabilitation. Methods: integrative review of studies published in the bases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences. Results: 308 studies were found, with six articles selected, based on pre-established inclusion criteria. The number of risk factors found was similar during and after neurological rehabilitation. Conclusion: the risk factors found for the occurrence of pressure ulcers during and after neurological rehabilitation, were related to sociodemographic conditions, the spinal cord injury itself, associated with clinical condition and behavior. With the exception of complete injury and a history of pressure ulcers, risk factors varied during and after rehabilitation stages.

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Bretones Lane, Fernanda. "Afro-Latin America: A Special Teaching and Research Collection of The Americas." Americas 75, S1 (April 2018): S6—S18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/tam.2017.178.

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In his introduction to a special issue of The Americas in 2006, Ben Vinson III noted how easily the history of Latin America had been dissociated from that of the African Diaspora. “When looking at the broad trajectory of historical writings on Latin America outside of the Caribbean and Brazil, it has long been possible to do Latin American history without referencing blackness or the African Diaspora.” A decade later, it is safe to say that the tables have turned. What were before scattered efforts to recognize black individuals' contributions to the history, culture, economy, and political developments of the region as a whole have evolved into a growing field meriting its own name: Afro-Latin American Studies. Born of the cross-pollination of scholarly debates that were previously disparate, the field of Afro-Latin American Studies has grown and developed in response to the rise of Black Studies and in connection to new realities in countries where Afro-descendants have pushed for social and economic equality.

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Pike, Fredrick B. "Latin America and the Inversion of United States Stereotypes in the 1920s and 1930s: The Case of Culture and Nature." Americas 42, no. 2 (October 1985): 131–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1007206.

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In this essay I describe some often ignored North American modes of perceiving Latin Americans; and I suggest that a change in these modes contributed to the Good Neighbor era (1933-1945). I do not presume to argue that shifting attitudes and perceptions should be seen as the principal factors in shaping the Good Neighbor policy. Anyone concerned with the primary determinants of that policy must turn to security and economic considerations. Still, an intellectual—and, really, a psychological—phenomenon of shifting perceptions and stereotypes among North Americans accounted for some of the enthusiasm with which they greeted what they took to be a new approach to Latin America.In its central thrust this essay suggests that in hemispheric relations, seen from the north-of-the-Rio-Grande perspective, the United States stands generally for culture and Latin America for nature. Symbolizing the capitalist culture of the Yankees, shaped by their struggle to subdue wilderness and nature, has been the white male, often portrayed by Uncle Sam. In contrast, Latin America has been symbolized by Indians, blacks, women, children, and also the idle poor: people assumed to lack the capitalist urge constantly to tame, dominate, and uplift nature.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Latin American literature|Latin American history|Womens studies'

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