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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lattice gauge theories'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Lowe, A. P. "Lattice gauge-Higgs theories." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378268.

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2

La, Cock Pierre. "Introduction to lattice gauge theories." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17085.

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Includes bibliographical references.<br>The thesis is organized as follows. Part I is a general introduction to LGT. The theory is discussed from first principles, so that for the interested reader no previous knowledge is required, although it is assumed that he/she will be familiar with the rudiments of relativistic quantum mechanics. Part II is a review of QCD on the lattice at finite temperature and density. Monte Carlo results and analytical methods are discussed. An attempt has been made to include most relevant data up to the end of 1987, and to update some earlier reviews existing on t

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3

Coyle, P. K. "Accelerated techniques in lattice gauge theories." Thesis, Swansea University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636313.

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Lattice gauge theories, through Monte-Carlo simulations, provide the most powerful methods available for the non-perturbative study of many models. These techniques, however, become very inefficient as we approach the continuum limit, a problem known as Critical Slowing Down. Over recent years cluster methods have generated significant improvements over established techniques. In part I of this thesis we introduce such an algorithm for the <I>Z</I><SUB>2</SUB> Kalb-Ramond model in four dimensions, and find that we can improve the efficiency of the simulation by orders of magnitude. In the seco

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4

Coddington, P. D. "Deconfinement transitions in lattice gauge theories]." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381129.

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5

Pickavance, Jennifer Linda. "Properties of mesons from lattice gauge theories." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442758.

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6

Patella, Agostino. "Orientifold Planar Equivalence in Lattice Gauge Theories." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/85864.

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7

Baillie, Clive Fraser. "Lattice gauge theories : dynamical fermions and parallel computation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10701.

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8

Benassi, Costanza. "Su(3) lattice gauge theories and spin chains." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7171/.

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I modelli su reticolo con simmetrie SU(n) sono attualmente oggetto di studio sia dal punto di vista sperimentale, sia dal punto di vista teorico; particolare impulso alla ricerca in questo campo è stato dato dai recenti sviluppi in campo sperimentale per quanto riguarda la tecnica dell’intrappolamento di atomi ultrafreddi in un reticolo ottico. In questa tesi viene studiata, sia con tecniche analitiche sia con simulazioni numeriche, la generalizzazione del modello di Heisenberg su reticolo monodimensionale a simmetria SU(3). In particolare, viene proposto un mapping tra il modello di Heisenber

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9

Stephenson, David Brian. "Non-perturbative field theories." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/13009.

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10

de, Flôor e. Silva Diego. "Critical behavior of multiflavor gauge theories." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6573.

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It is expected that the number of flavors in a gauge theory plays an important role in model building for physics beyond the standard model. We study the phase structure of the 12 flavor case through lattice simulations using a Rational Hybrid Monte Carlo (RHMC) algorithm for different masses, betas, and volumes, to investigate the question of conformality for this number of flavors. In particular, we analyze the Fisher's zeroes, in the vicinity of the endpoint of a line of first order phase transitions. This is motivated by previous studies that show how the complex renormalization group (RG)

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11

Lumia, Luca. "Digital quantum simulations of Yang-Mills lattice gauge theories." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22355/.

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I metodi di calcolo tradizionali per le teorie di gauge su reticolo risultano problematici in regioni di diagrammi di fase a grandi valori del potenziale chimico o quando sono utilizzate per riprodurre la dinamica in tempo reale di un modello. Tali problemi possono essere evitati da simulazioni quantistiche delle teorie di gauge su reticolo, le quali stanno diventando sempre più riproducibili sperimentalmente, grazie ai recenti progressi tecnologici. In questa tesi formuliamo una versione delle teorie di Yang-Mills su reticolo appropriata per risolvere il problema della dimensione infinita del

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12

Lambrou, Eliana. "Phase structure of five-dimensional anisotropic lattice gauge theories." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19579.

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The idea that we live in a higher-dimensional space was first introduced almost 100 years ago. In the past two decades many extra-dimensional models have been proposed in order to solve fundamental problems of nature such as the hierarchy problem. Most of them need exploration via non-perturbative approaches and Lattice Gauge Theory provides a tool for doing this. In this thesis, we make attempts to find a non-perturbative way to localize gauge fields that arise from five-dimensional SU(2) gauge theories on 3-branes. In 1984, it was proposed that the phase diagram of anisotropic extra-dimensio

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13

Takimi, Tomohisa. "A non-perturbative study of supersymmetric lattice gauge theories." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/136759.

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14

Gelzer, Zechariah John. "Lattice gauge theories within and beyond the Standard Model." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5757.

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The Standard Model of particle physics has been very successful in describing fundamental interactions up to the highest energies currently probed in particle accelerator experiments. However, the Standard Model is incomplete and currently exhibits tension with experimental data for interactions involving $B$~mesons. Consequently, $B$-meson physics is of great interest to both experimentalists and theorists. Experimentalists worldwide are studying the decay and mixing processes of $B$~mesons in particle accelerators. Theorists are working to understand the data by employing lattice gauge theor

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15

Magnifico, Giuseppe <1991&gt. "Quantum simulation and topological phases in Lattice Gauge Theories." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9254/1/tesi.pdf.

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Simulating quantum-mechanical systems is a very challenging issue due to the high computational costs. The main reason for this is related to the dimension of the Hilbert space that grows exponentially with the number of degrees of freedom, making an exact implementation impossible even for the most powerful today’s supercomputers. On this ground it appears clear the need of a new simulation method, i.e. quantum simulation. The general idea is very simple: using a controllable quantum system, called quantum simulator, to emulate and to analyze another quantum system that usually results less

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16

Bilson-Thompson, Sundance Osland. "Investigation of topology, instantons, and the Nahm transform in lattice QCD using highly improved operators." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb5996.pdf.

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17

Kieu, T. D. "Theory and applications of lattice fermionic regularisations." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10991.

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18

Vairinhos, Hélvio. "Large-N reduced models of SU(N) lattice guage theories." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670101.

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19

Bonnet, Frédéric D. R. "Improved actions in lattice QCD /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb717.pdf.

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20

Maroncelli, Andrea. "QED and Abelian lattice gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18042/.

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La simulazione di sistemi quantistici con molti gradi di libertà è oggi una sfida impegnativa per la comunità scientifica a causa degli elevati tempi computazionali che crescono esponenzialmente all'aumentare del numero di particelle. Al seguito degli orizzonti aperti dall'articolo "Simulating physics with computers" di Feynman, oggi sono stati fatti numerosi progressi. Egli teorizzò un simulatore quantistico che fosse un vero e proprio apparato fisico che evolvesse nello stesso modo del sistema da studiare e la cui dinamica potesse essere controllata. Sulla base di quest'idea, oggi è possibi

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21

Yoneyama, Kyoko [Verfasser]. "The Lattice Approach to Five Dimensional Gauge Theories / Kyoko Yoneyama." Wuppertal : Universitätsbibliothek Wuppertal, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1050188101/34.

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22

Mariani, Alessandro. "Finite-group Yang-Mills lattice gauge theories in the Hamiltonian formalism." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21183/.

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Nuovi sviluppi nel campo nelle tecniche sperimentali potrebbero presto permettere la realizzazione di simulatori quantistici, ovvero di sistemi quantomeccanici realizzabili sperimentalmente che descrivano una specifica Hamiltoniana di nostra scelta. Una volta costruito il sistema, si possono effettuare esperimenti per studiare il comportamento della teoria descritta dall'Hamiltoniana scelta. Un'interessante applicazione riguarda le teorie di gauge non-Abeliane come la Cromodinamica Quantistica, per le quali si hanno un certo numero di problemi irrisolti, in particolare nella regione a potenzia

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23

Peardon, Michael James. "A study of improved Monte-Carlo methods for lattice gauge theories." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15616.

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This thesis is concerned with the study and improvement of methods for generating Monte-Carlo configurations used for providing non-perturbative numerical results from lattice gauge theories such as QCD, the theory of strong interactions between quarks and gluons. At present, lattice calculations require large amounts of CPU time on the largest supercomputers. In spite of this numerical assault, the majority of results generated still contain systematic errors from the use of the quenched approximation. In this approximation, employed to dramatically reduce computational costs, the effects of

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24

Lau, Richard. "SO(N) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fa9dae0a-70c2-467a-8aa7-daff5531ff10.

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We calculate the string tensions, mass spectrum, and deconfining temperatures of <i>SO(N</i>) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions. After a review of lattice field theory, we describe how we simulate the corresponding lattice gauge theories, construct operators to project on to specific states, and extrapolate values to the continuum limit. We discuss how to avoid possible complications such as finite size corrections and the bulk transition. <i>SO(N</i>) gauge theories have become recently topical since they do not have a fermion sign problem, are orbifold equivalent to <i>SU(N</i>) gauge theorie

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25

Liu, Yuzhi. "Renormalization group and phase transitions in spin, gauge, and QCD like theories." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4872.

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In this thesis, we study several different renormalization group (RG) methods, including the conventional Wilson renormalization group, Monte Carlo renormalization group (MCRG), exact renormalization group (ERG, or sometimes called functional RG), and tensor renormalization group (TRG). We use the two dimensional nearest neighbor Ising model to introduce many conventional yet important concepts. We then generalize the model to Dyson's hierarchical model (HM), which has rich phase properties depending on the strength of the interaction

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26

Marchese, Luca. "Quantum simulation of abelian and non-abelian gauge theories." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24857/.

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Le teorie di gauge sono onnipresenti nella fisica moderna, trovando applicazioni in diversi ambiti, dal modello standard alla fisica della materia condensata. Il recente sviluppo della tecnologia quantistica apre ora le porte a nuove tecniche utili al loro approfondimento, ampliando la nostra conoscenza di questi modelli ed oltrepassando i limiti degli approcci basati sul metodo di Montecarlo, quali il problema del segno e l'impossibilità di studiare la dinamica dei sistemi in tempo reale. Questa tesi si concentra sull'implementazione di una simulazione per una teoria di Yang-Mills su retico

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27

Pickup, Thomas. "Investigating the conformal window of SU(N) gauge theories." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:79a22d60-86b2-4e53-abd6-50edbc979e42.

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In this thesis we are concerned with the existence of infrared fixed points and the conformal window for gauge theories with fermions. We are particularly interested in those theories that are candidates for walking technicolor. We discuss the background of technicolor and the techniques relevant to a theoretical understanding of the conformal window. Following this we extend the ideas of metric confinement and causal analyticity to theories with fermions in non-fundamental representations. We use these techniques to, respectively, provide a lower bound on the lower end of the conformal window

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28

Vogt, Hannes Andreas [Verfasser], and Hugo [Akademischer Betreuer] Reinhardt. "Strongly Coupled Theories in Lattice Coulomb Gauge / Hannes Andreas Vogt ; Betreuer: Hugo Reinhardt." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1167247256/34.

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29

Vogt, Hannes [Verfasser], and Hugo [Akademischer Betreuer] Reinhardt. "Strongly Coupled Theories in Lattice Coulomb Gauge / Hannes Andreas Vogt ; Betreuer: Hugo Reinhardt." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1167247256/34.

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30

Arnault, Pablo. "Discrete-time quantum walks and gauge theories." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066135/document.

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Un ordinateur quantique (OQ), i.e. utilisant les ressources de la physique Q, superposition et intrication, pourrait fournir un gain exponentiel de temps de calcul. Une simulation utilisant ces ressources est appelée simulation Q (SQ). L’avantage des SQs sur les simulations classiques est bien établi au niveau théorique, i.e. software. Leur avantage pratique requiert un hardware Q. L’OQ, sous-entendu universel (cf. plus bas), n’a pas encore vu le jour, mais les efforts en ce sens sont croissants et variés. Aussi la SQ a-t-elle déjà été illustrée par de nombreuses expériences de principe, grâce

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31

Bibireata, Daniel. "Super Yang-Mills theories on the lattice." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1117586284.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 94 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 52-54). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

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32

Schweizer, Christian [Verfasser], та Immanuel [Akademischer Betreuer] Bloch. "Minimal instances for ℤ₂ lattice gauge theories and spin pumps / Christian Schweizer ; Betreuer: Immanuel Bloch". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1196529140/34.

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33

García, Vera Miguel Francisco. "Investigating the large N limit of SU(N) Yang-Mills gauge theories on the lattice." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18123.

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In dieser Arbeit praesentieren wir Resultate der topologischen Suszeptibilitaet “chi” und untersuchen die Faktorisierung der reinen SU(N) Yang-Mills Eichtheorie im 't Hooft'schen Grenzwert grosser N. Ein entscheidender Teil der Berechnung von chi in der Gittereichtheorie ist die Abschaetzung des topologischen Ladungsdichtekorrelators, die durch ein schlechtes Signal-Rausch- Verhaeltnis beeintraechtigt ist. Um dieses Problem abzuschwaechen, fuehren wir einen neuen, auf einem mehrstufigen Vorgehen beruhenden Algorithmus ein, um die Korrelationsfunktion von Observablen zu berechnen, die mit dem Y

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34

Arndt, Daniel. "Chiral perturbation theory on the lattice and its applications /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9693.

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35

Hammant, Thomas Christopher. "Perturbative calculations in lattice gauge theories and the application of statistical mechanics to soft condensed matter systems." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608097.

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36

Edwards, Samuel Ryan Verfasser], Lorenz von [Akademischer Betreuer] Smekal, and Jochen [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wambach. "Topology, symmetry, and phase transitions in lattice gauge theories / Samuel Ryan Edwards. Betreuer: Lorenz von Smekal ; Jochen Wambach." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2013. http://d-nb.info/110645460X/34.

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37

Edwards, Samuel Ryan [Verfasser], Lorenz von Akademischer Betreuer] Smekal, and Jochen [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wambach. "Topology, symmetry, and phase transitions in lattice gauge theories / Samuel Ryan Edwards. Betreuer: Lorenz von Smekal ; Jochen Wambach." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-34133.

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38

Olivares, Legal Fabian Andres [Verfasser], and Markus K. [Akademischer Betreuer] Oberthaler. "Towards Lattice Gauge Theories in Ultracold Mixtures of Sodium and Lithium / Fabián Andrés Olivares Legal ; Betreuer: Markus K. Oberthaler." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1177149362/34.

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39

Wellegehausen, Björn-Hendrik [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Wipf, Uwe-Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] Wiese, and Simon [Akademischer Betreuer] Hands. "Phase diagrams of exceptional and supersymmetric lattice gauge theories / Björn-Hendrik Wellegehausen. Gutachter: Andreas Wipf ; Uwe-Jens Wiese ; Simon Hands." Jena : Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027706843/34.

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40

Scherzer, Manuel [Verfasser], and Ion-Olimpiu [Akademischer Betreuer] Stamatescu. "Phase transitions in lattice gauge theories: From the numerical sign problem to machine learning / Manuel Scherzer ; Betreuer: Ion-Olimpiu Stamatescu." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1191760340/34.

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41

Wellegehausen, Björn-Hendrik [Verfasser], Andreas Akademischer Betreuer] Wipf, Uwe-Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wiese, and Simon [Akademischer Betreuer] Hands. "Phase diagrams of exceptional and supersymmetric lattice gauge theories / Björn-Hendrik Wellegehausen. Gutachter: Andreas Wipf ; Uwe-Jens Wiese ; Simon Hands." Jena : Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027706843/34.

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42

Ferreira, Miguel Jorge Bernabé. "Teorias de campos discretas e modelos topológicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-03052012-082048/.

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Neste trabalho estudamos as teorias de gauge puras (sem campo de matéria) na rede em três dimensões. Em especial, estudamos a subclasse das teorias topológicas. A maneira como denimos e tratamos as teorias de gauge e diferente, mas equivalente, à forma usual apresentada em [2, 3]. Definimos estas teorias via o formalismo de Kuperberg, que é um formalismo puramente matemático de um invariante topológico de variedades tridimensionais. Este formalismo, embora bastante abstrato, pode ser adaptado para descrever as classes de modelos das teorias de gauge na rede, e traz várias vantagens, pois possi

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43

Smiseth, Jo. "Criticality and novel quantum liquid phases in Ginzburg--Landau theories with compact and non-compact gauge fields." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-583.

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<p>We have studied the critical properties of three-dimensional U(1)-symmetric lattice gauge theories. The models apply to various physical systems such as insulating phases of strongly correlated electron systems as well as superconducting and superfluid states of liquid metallic hydrogen under extreme pressures. This thesis contains an introductory part and a collection of research papers of which seven are published works and one is submitted for publication.</p><p>Paper I: Critical properties of the 2+1-dimensional compact abelian Higgs model with gauge charge q=2 are studied. We introduce

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44

Sommer, Rainer [Gutachter], Ulrich [Gutachter] Wolff, and Biagio [Gutachter] Lucini. "Investigating the large N limit of SU(N) Yang-Mills gauge theories on the lattice / Gutachter: Rainer Sommer, Ulrich Wolff, Biagio Lucini." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1189328984/34.

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45

Volkholz, Jan. "Nonperturbative studies of quantum field theories on noncommutative spaces." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15712.

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Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit Quantenfeldtheorien auf nicht-kommutativen Räumen. Solche Modelle treten im Zusammenhang mit der Stringtheorie und mit der Quantengravitation auf. Ihre nicht-störungstheoretische Behandlung ist üblicherweise schwierig. Hier untersuchen wir jedoch drei nicht-kommutative Quantenfeldtheorien nicht-perturbativ, indem wir die Wirkungsfunktionale in eine äquivalente Matrixformulierung übersetzen. In der Matrixdarstellung kann die jeweilige Theorie dann numerisch behandelt werden. Als erstes betrachten wir ein regularisiertes skalares Modell auf der nicht-kommutativ

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46

Carrozza, Sylvain. "Tensorial methods and renormalization in Group Field Theories." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112147/document.

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Cette thèse présente une étude détaillée de la structure de théories appelées GFT ("Group Field Theory" en anglais),à travers le prisme de la renormalisation. Ce sont des théories des champs issues de divers travaux en gravité quantique, parmi lesquels la gravité quantique à boucles et les modèles de matrices ou de tenseurs. Elles sont interprétées comme desmodèles d'espaces-temps quantiques, dans le sens où elles génèrent des amplitudes de Feynman indexées par des triangulations,qui interpolent les états spatiaux de la gravité quantique à boucles. Afin d'établir ces modèles comme des théories

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47

Nishino, Kazuyoshi. "An Application of the Peter-Weyl Theorem to Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theory." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/168943.

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本文データは平成22年度国立国会図書館の学位論文(博士)のデジタル化実施により作成された画像ファイルを基にpdf変換したものである<br>Kyoto University (京都大学)<br>0048<br>新制・課程博士<br>博士(理学)<br>甲第5306号<br>理博第1480号<br>新制||理||821(附属図書館)<br>UT51-93-F63<br>京都大学大学院理学研究科数理解折専攻<br>(主査)教授中西襄, 教授柏原正樹, 教授荒木不二洋<br>学位規則第4条第1項該当

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48

Necco, Silvia. "The static quark potential and scaling behavior of SU(3) lattice Yang-Mills theory." Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=96870672X.

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49

Santos, Pedro Alexandre dos [UNESP]. "Estudo da quebra espontânea de simetria de calibre: mapas dinâmicos, ações complexas, teorias de campo em rede e (im)possibilidade." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/149898.

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Edwards, Samuel Ryan. "Topology, symmetry, and phase transitions in lattice gauge theories." Phd thesis, 2013. https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/3413/1/edwardsPhD.pdf.

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We study connections between global symmetries, topological objects, and phase transitions in non-abelian gauge theories. The characterization of deconfinement as a spontaneous symmetry breaking transition in SU(N) gauge theories with static quarks, and its description in terms of Z_N interfaces, serve as our motivation. We study 2+1 dimensional SU(N) gauge theories with N<=4, which are candidates for the exploitation of universality with corresponding N-state Potts models. Exact results from the 2d spin systems are used to obtain critical couplings, transition temperatures, exponents, and the

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