Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lavage bronchoalvéolaire'
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Martins, Muriel. "L'eosinophilie du lavage broncho-alvéolaire : intérêt diagnostique et pronostique à partir de 37 observations." Saint-Etienne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STET6224.
Full textAlzieu, Brigitte. "Méthodologie d'étude du lavage broncho-alvéolaire chez l'asthmatique." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11110.
Full textEl, Yamani Jamal. "L'alpha(1)-antiprotéase des lavages broncho-alvéolaires : détermination immunologique et activité fonctionnelle : intérêt clinique." Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10050.
Full textNikasinovic, Lydia. "Le lavage nasal : mise au point, validation, applications clinique et épidémiologique." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05P628.
Full textThis research describes the development of a nasal lavage method and its usefulness as a tool for the assessment of airways inflammation in clinical and epidemiological studies, in children as well as in adults. A clinical study conducted in 13 asthmatic children shows that a significant correlation between nasal and bronchoalveolar neutrophils exists when measured in nasal and bronchoalveolar lavages, respectively. Nasal lavage method used in an epidemiological study also reveals that, in asthmatic allergic children (n=45) but not in healthy children (n=46), nasal neutrophil and eosinophill and eosinophil counts are highly correlated to fine particles levels (PM2,5) measured in a personal way. Similar correlations are found with PM2,5 concentrations and nasal albumin, urea and alpha1-antitrypsin levels. These results support the hypothesis of PM2,5 involvement in allergic phenotype over-expression
Pujante, Eric. "Etude des sous populations lymphocytaires du poumon profond dans les infections à virus H. I. V." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11308.
Full textDurand, Brigitte. "Étude cytologique du liquide de lavage broncho-alvéolaire : à propos de 548 prélèvements." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO1T026.
Full textMérant-Kökoglu, Catherine. "Sélection de réactifs pour l'étude des cellules de l'immunité du cheval : application aux lymphocytes du liquide de lavage broncho-alvéolaire de cet animal." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO1T062.
Full textRoger, Isabelle. "Apports du lavage broncho-alvéolaire dans le diagnostic des pneumopathies nosocomiales : étude sur 21 cas à l'hôpital Pellegrin de Bordeaux." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR23024.
Full textBregeon, Fabienne. "Ventilation mécanique et réponse inflammatoire du poumon préalablement sain : études expérimentales sur modèle animal." Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX20669.
Full textBayat, Sam. "Mesure par lavage bronchoalvéolaire de la perméabilité capillaro-alvéolaire pulmonaire aux macromolécules et du volume de liquide alvéolaire." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE19004.
Full textCapdevila, Xavier. "Intérêt du lavage broncho alvéolaire pour le diagnostic et la conduite thérapeutique des pneumonies bactériennes associées à la ventilation mécanique." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11087.
Full textVaux-Peretz, Fabienne. "Virus respiratoire syncytial : potentialisation de l'infection par la vaccination chez les rongeurs." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10157.
Full textLesur, Olivier. "Influence des poussières minérales et des liquides de lavage bronchoalvéolaire de silicone sur l'activité du pneumocyte II in vitro." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10027.
Full textAbella-Bourges, Nathalie. "Immunophénotypage et cytométrie en flux des sous-populations lymphocytaires du sang et du lavage bronchoalvéolaire chez le bovin sain." Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT002A.
Full textMoreau-Klein, Anne. "Valeur prédictive du taux d'endotoxine dans les lavages bronchoalvéolaires pour le diagnostic d'infections pulmonaires nosocomiales à bactéries Gram négatif." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P060.
Full textFerroni, Agnès. "Apport de l'examen du lavage bronchoalvéolaire dans le diagnostic des pneumopathies chez le sujet atteint du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05P205.
Full textLesur, Olivier. "Activité mitogéne de la silice et du liquide de lavage bronchoalvéolaire de mouton sur les pneumocytes II fœtaux in vitro." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/12066.
Full textSchelcher, François. "Infection expérimentale par le virus respiratoire syncytial bovin : étude phénotypique des sous-populations lymphocytaires sanguines et du liquide de lavage bronchoalvéolaire." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT014A.
Full textFerhani, Nassima. "Expression pulmonaire et rôle fonctionnel d'HMGB1 et de son recepteur, RAGE, dans la bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077265.
Full textCOPD is characterized by airway inflammation and remodeling. HMGBl, a nuclear protein that is released during inflammation and repair, interacts with pro-inflammatory cytokines and with its receptor, RAGE, which is highly expressed in the lung. In the present study, we have shown higher levels of HMGB 1 in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from smokers with COPD, as compared to smokers and never smokers, and similar differences wer observed in epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages. BAL HMGBl correlated positively with the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in BAI including IL-1D, and with the degree of airflow obstruction and emphysema. HMGBl-IL-1D D complexes were found in BAL supernatant and alveolar macrophages from smokers and COPD patients, as well as in the human macrophage cell line, THP-1, where they enhanced the synthesis of TNF-C RAGE was overexpressed in the airway epithelium and smooth muscle of COPD patients and it co-localized with HMGBl. Finally, in preliminary experiments we demonstrated that HMGBl delays epithelium repair in an in vitro model of mechanical wound injury using human bronchial epithelial cells growth in a air-liquid interface conditions. We conclude that elevated HMGBl expression in COPD airways may sustain inflammation through i interaction with IL-1D and RAGE and may contribute to airway remodeling by interfering with the normal epithelial repair process. Therefore strategies aimed at inhibiting the expression of HMGBl and RAGE or at blocking their interaction in target cells would be of therapeutic value f( attenuating lung remodelling and the accompanying respiratory functional deterioration in COPD
Avoine, Olivier. "Ventilation liquidienne totale et syndrome d'aspiration méconiale sévère." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4033.
Full textDepecker, Marianne. "Méthodologie et interprétation cytologique du lavage bronchoalvéolaire chez le cheval Trotteur Français : prévalence des affections respiratoires profondes et association avec les performances." Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NANT067F.
Full textIncau-Bancaud, Stéphanie d'. "Intérêt de la fibroaspiration bronchique chez le sujet âgé hospitalisé pour infection respiratoire basse." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2M004.
Full textBitounis, Dimitrios. "Etude de la charge nanoparticulaire de divers prélèvements biologiques." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSES017.
Full textThe quantitative and qualitative analysis of nanoparticles in human biological samples is a daunting scientific endeavour as there are no technical procedures capable to cope with the complexity of biological matrices. The central hypothesis of this work is that the increased presence of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in pulmonary lavage and reproductive fluids may be associated with idiopathic interstitial lung disease and declining female and male fertility, respectively. The developed extraction procedures in the context of this thesis allowed the measuring of the the hydrodynamic size distribution of gold nanoparticles by DLS and their quantitation my means of ICP-OES. Due to the achieved extraction yields and the successful segregation of biological noise, extracted gold nanoparticles could be representatively observed at the nanoscale. Specifically, BSE could detect the dense gold particle cores at low magnification, and TEM and FESEM could be used to resolve the particles’ Feret diameter and morphology, respectively. Finally, the hard biomolecular corona of extracted gold nanoparticle from pulmonary lavages could be probed with AFM, AES, and XPS to acquire information on its morphology, elemental composition, and chemistry, respectively. The application of developed methodologies on patients did not return analytical data that could positively and significantly associate an elevated particle content with increased odds of idiopathic diseases or with low sperm count
Lefrancq, Elisabeth. "Mise au point d'une technique immunoenzymatique ELISA de dosage de l'alpha 1-antitrypsine : applications à divers liquides biologiques." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P185.
Full textPanteix, Gilles. "Établissement d'un modèle d'étude de la pénétration intraphagocytaire et intrapulmonaire d'agents antibiotiques." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1T004.
Full textPoquet, Marie-Noëlle. "Interleukine 2 et transplantation cœur-poumons, dosage du récepteur soluble de l'interleukine 2 dans le lavage bronchio-alvéolaire et dans le sang chez les transplantés pulmonaires et cardio-pulmonaires." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR23118.
Full textAllaouchiche, Bernard. "Méthodes de diagnostic rapide des pneumopathies acquises sous ventilation mécanique." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO1T067.
Full textNury, Catherine. "Développement d’une sonde de photoaffinité pour la détection sensible de formes actives de Métalloprotéases Matricielles dans des systèmes biologiques complexes." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05P629/document.
Full textA new activity-based probe able to covalently modify the active site of proteases belonging to the matrix metalloprotease family (MMPs) has been developed in this thesis project. The probe was shown to behave as potent inhibitor of several MMPs, with nanomolar Ki values. This probe was also able to modify specifically only the free active site of MMPs, with particular high yields of cross-linking varying from 50 % to 11 %, depending of the MMPs tested. Using radioactivity as means of detection, this probe was able to detect active form of MMPs with a threshold of 1 femtomole. Applied to the study of bronchoalvelolar fluids (BAL) from mice exposed to nanoparticles by a lung aspiration protocol, this probe revealed the presence of the catalytic domain of MMP-12 under its active form, but not in control animals. When used to detect active form of MMPs from extracts obtained from human arteries of patient suffering from atherosclerosis, the probe was not able to detect such MMP active forms. Despite this negative result, the detection of active form of MMP in pathological fluid like BAL has never been reported before this work. Having validated this novel MMP activity-based probe, it will be possible to use it now for detecting MMPs from other pathological fluids or tissues extracts in which MMPs can be good markers of the pathology
Gontijo, Aline Vidal Lacerda. "Évaluation biopharmaceutique des antibiotiques pour le traitement des infections pulmonaires." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT1801/document.
Full textThe aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of intrapulmonary administration and the biopharmaceutical parameters regulating the pulmonary diffusion following nebulization. We examined whether certain efflux pumps were present in an in vitro model of rat lung cells and whether these efflux pumps could be beneficial by increasing lung concentrations in vivo. Fluoroquinolones and colistin were the molecules used as reference. These different molecules allowed an overview of the intrapulmonary diffusion characteristics of antibiotics. The in vivo study with fluoroquinolones showed that their lung concentrations are higher than in plasma, probably due to glycoprotein-P. The presence of this efflux pump was confirmed in the model with rat lung cells. The in vivo study with colistin showed that a slow diffusion may confer an advantage for nebulization over intravenous administration. In conclusion, the nebulization molecules passing slowly (colistin) across the tissues may be advantageous, whereas for others, with a fast passage across the barrier (fluoroquinolones), the pulmonary route may not provide an advantage over the intravenous administration. Moreover, the results showed that a slow permeability across the lung (colistin) may confer an advantage for the antibiotic nebulization, while affinity by transporters (fluoroquinolones) is beneficial for both nebulization and intravenous administration
Nury, Catherine. "Développement d'une sonde de photoaffinité pour la détection sensible de formes actives de Métalloprotéases Matricielles dans des systèmes biologiques complexes." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00868790.
Full textDenizot, Benoit. "Surfactants pulmonaires exogènes : essai d'interprétation physico-chimique de l'action pharmacologique." Paris 11, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA114812.
Full textAbbas, Imane. "Etude de l'activation métabolique par la fraction organique d'un aérosol atmosphérique particulaire et de ses conséquences génotoxiques dans un modèle de co-culture de cellules pulmonaires humaines." Littoral, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DUNK0282.
Full textWhether it is from anthropogenic or natural origin, air pollution is described as one of the major risk factors affecting the human health. Fine Particulate Matter (PM2. 5) is the main responsable to this atmospheric pollution. The objective of our research project consisted to determine the toxicity of the PM2. 5 collected in Dunkerque in terms of metabolic activation, genotoxicity, and cell cycle alterations, in two cell models : a human embryonic lung epithelial cell line (L132) and human Alveolar Macrophages (AM) isolated from broncho-alveolar lavages within healthy outpatients. Therefore, we developed a co-culture model using these two cell types in order to better integrate the cell heterogeneity of the alveoli. The atmospheric particles proved to be able to induce the gene expression of various phase I and phase II metabolism enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP2E1, CYP2F1, EHm, NQO1, GSTµ1 et GSTµ3) in human MA in both mon and co-culture and in L132 cells, only in monoculture. Our results showed also the genotoxicity of the aerosol through the formation of the DNA bulky adducts in human MA in mono and co-culture as well as in L132 cells in co-culture. In contrast, no DNA bulky adduct was reported in L132 cells in monoculture. In addition, a Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) and/or a MicroSatellite Instability (MSI) of some microsatellites located on the short-arm of the chromosome 3 were observed in 30 to 40% of L132 cells in monoculture 72 hours after their exposure to PM2. 5. As a consequence, significant alterations of the gene expression and/or protein concentration of some of the key protein controllers involved in the TP53-RB gene signaling pathway were reported in the two cell models, in mono-cultures or in co-cultures. This work consequently contributed to the improvment of the knowledge about the adverse lung effects of environmental exposure. However, the better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action involved in the toxicity of the atmospheric pollutants on the respiratory system still remains opened and should be completed
Randazzo, Loredana Antonella. "The behaviour of trace elements during the volcanic ash-liquid interaction : example of marine and human systems." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10051.
Full textThe solid-liquid interaction processes regulate the mechanisms governing the availability of trace elements in liquid phase. In this paper, these processes have been studied through the use of the Rare Earth Elements (REE) since they are excellent tracers of geochemical processes. The purpose of the first part of this work was to study the reactivity of volcanic particulates during the interaction with synthetic seawater. The results show that apart from the dissolution, which is the main process, a surface adsorption process also occurs, probably on the surface of newly formed crystals. The supposed presence of these minerals is suggested by the temporal variation of the Y/Ho ratio, by SEM observations and XRD analysis. Finally the addition of ligand species to dissolved media does not increase dissolution rate of volcanic particles but modify the YLn distribution in liquid phase. In the second part of this work, the Rare Earth study was applied to a human system. These elements were used, in fact, to investigate the effects due to the interactions between the inhaled atmospheric particulate matter and the lung fluids (BAL), in people exposed to fallout of volcanic ash. The results suggest that YLn-phosphate co-precipitation occurs in lungs as a consequence of inhalation of volcanic particles and their interactions with lung fluids. This process is confirmed by thermodynamic and kinetic simulations indicating that crystallisation of YLn-phosphates and other authigenic phases occurs as a consequence of the soluble ash fraction dissolution. The combination of YLn fractionation in bronchial fluids can represent a potential tracer of exposure to atmospheric fallout
Bousbia, Sabri. "Recherche de nouveaux agents pathogènes associés aux pneumopathies nosocomiales." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX20700.
Full textRecently, bacterial microbiota from a limited number of patients with cystic fibrosis and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was studied using 16S rDNA gene amplification followed by clone libraries construction and sequencing. These studies have showed that the microbial population of patients with respiratory infections was more diverse than expected. In the current study, we use a similar approach to identify exhaustively the pathogens (bacteria, viruses, and fungi) comprising the microbiota associated with episodes of pneumonia developed in the intensive care units (ICU). Our study included patients admitted to ICUswith with episodes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (n = 106), community-acquired pneumonia (n = 32), nosocomial pneumonia without mechanical ventilation (n = 22) and aspiration pneumonia (n = 25). A cohort of 25 patients admitted to ICUs without symptoms of pneumonia were studied as controls. This first part of the work enables to prepare an exhaustive repertoire of nosocomial pneumonia pathogenes; to know the prevalence of the pathogens identified and to identify co-infections frequently observed, and especially to ascertain whether these agents can be identified or not in the respiratory samples of patients without symptoms of pneumonia. To perform this part of work, series of samples, including bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples, blood samples and urine samples were collected. These samples were tested by means of modern molecular tools based on the amplification of conserved genes (bacterial 16S rDNA and fungal 18S rDNA genes), followed by highthroutput cloning and sequencing. The atypical pathogens are targeted by PCR tests using specific primers and probes. We also included culture, amoeba co-culture, serological detection of antibodies against selected agents and urinary antigen testing, to compare these routine tests to molecular approaches. Based on molecular testing, we identified a wide repertoire of 160 bacterial species of which 73 were never previously reported in pneumonia samples. Moreover, we found 37 putative new bacterial phylotypes. We also identified 24 fungal species of which 6 have not been previously reported in pneumonia, 7 viruses and surprisingly 6 plant species. Some pathogens considered being typical for ICU pneumonia such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus species may be detected as commonly in controls as in pneumonia patients which strikingly highlight the existence of a core of pulmonary microbiota.In a second work, following previous works performed in our laboratory which were able to show that 19% of nosocomial pneumonia were determined by micro-organisms associated to amoebae (AAMs) previously ignored or neglected, we used a recent test based on multiplex serology to test for the prevalence of antibodies against the AAMs in the blood of patients admitted to ICU and developed episodes of pneumonia and compare it to the prevalence at the time of admission (controls). As a result, we demonstrate that some AAMs may be more frequently detected after episodes of nosocomial pneumonia than at the admission. In addition, the immune response to AAMS appears to increase when the ICU stay is prolonged.Finally, in order to explore samples for which no microbial aetiology was found, we have developed a subtractive hybridization metagenomic strategy and tested it on different clinical samples. The sensitivity of this strategy was also evaluated. We have demonstrated that our method, based on the detection of DNA and RNA of microorganisms in a single test, allows sensitive detection of different types of microorganisms
Piché, Caroline. "Évaluation des changements pathologiques pulmonaires induits par l'infection expérimentale de phoques du Groenland par le nématode pulmonaire Otostrongylus circumlitus." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18027.
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