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Journal articles on the topic 'Layer on Substrate'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Šimelevičius, Dainius, and Romas Baronas. "Amperometrinių biojutiklių su sinerginių substratų stiprinimu kompiuterinis modeliavimas." Informacijos mokslai 56 (January 1, 2011): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2011.0.3139.

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Šiame straipsnyje yra tiriamas amperometrinis biojutiklis, kuriame biojutiklio atsakas yra stiprinamas chemiškai – sinerginiais substratais. Tokiuose biojutikliuose, be substrato, kurio koncentracija matuojama, naudojamas ir pagalbinis substratas, reikalingas substratų sinergetikai. Biojutiklis yra modeliuojamas naudojant nestacionarias netiesines reakcijos-difuzijos lygtis. Modeliuojami keturi biojutiklio sluoksniai: fermento sluoksnis, kuriame vyksta visos biocheminės reakcijos ir difuzija, dializėsmembrana ir difuzijos sluoksnis, kuriuose vyksta tik difuzija ir reakcijos, kuriose nedalyvauj

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2

Mróz, K. P., and K. Doliński. "Brittle Layer Cracking on Bonded Loaded Substrate." International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing 4, no. 3 (2015): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijmmm.2016.v4.254.

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3

Usikov, Alexander, Sergey Kurin, Iosif Barash, et al. "HVPE GaN Growth on 4H SiC and Die Dicing." Materials Science Forum 858 (May 2016): 1198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.858.1198.

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Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy (HVPE) was used to grow 1-4 μm thick undoped GaN layers on 4H-SiC and sapphire substrates. To adjust mechanical strain and crack formation in the GaN/SiC samples, the AlGaN-based buffer layer was grown at low temperature (920-980°C) and the GaN layer was grown at a higher temperature (1000-1040°C). Laser scribing through the GaN layer or the SiC substrate was applied to fabricate dies from the GaN/SiC and GaN/sapphire samples. The laser irradiation passing through the GaN layer to the sapphire substrate or through the SiC substrate to the GaN layer, along two orthog

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4

Wells, Brendan C., Wei Lin, and HyunJin Park. "Effect of Substrate Layer Variation on Package Warpage." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2013, DPC (2013): 001086–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2013dpc-wa21.

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As requirements for thinner packages continue to be driven by increased device functionality, warpage has become more and more of a concern in package design and processing. Designers are limited by available materials whose properties are not always capable of achieving low warpage targets. Outside of materials development, techniques in the fabrication processing of organic substrates have served as an important secondary approach to reducing package-level warpage. This is becoming more and more important as the substrate thickness is reduced. For a thin substrate, each layer has a marked im

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Yu, Ho-Chieh (Jay), and Jason Huang. "Investigation of the Direct Plating Copper (DPC) on Al2O3, BeO or AlN Ceramic Substrates for High Power Density Applications." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2016, no. 1 (2016): 000079–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2016-tp43.

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Abstract In the high power module applications, the power increasing and the size shrinking becomes one of the major topics for the power module design. Due to both the power increasing and the size decreasing, the power density of the device will be much increased. Therefore, not only the thermal conductivity and stability of the substrate material but the long-term material reliability of the substrate have to be seriously considered. For these reasons, the ceramic PCB becomes one of the best solutions. The ceramic substrates now used are normally based on Ag-printed or direct bonding copper

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Zhang, Qiuhong, Betty T. Quinton, Bang-Hung Tsao, et al. "Growth and Characterization of Uniform Carbon Nanotube Arrays on Active Substrates." MRS Proceedings 1752 (2015): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2015.291.

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ABSTRACTCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) have unique thermal/electrical/mechanical properties and high aspect ratios. Growth of CNTs directly onto reactive material substrates (such as metals and carbon based foam structures, etc.) to create a micro-carbon composite layer on the surface has many advantages: possible elimination of processing steps and resistive junctions, provision of a thermally conductive transition layer between materials of varying thermal expansion coefficients, etc. Compared to growing CNTs on conventional inert substrates such as SiO2, direct growth of CNTs onto reactive substra

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7

Xu, Mingsan, Jibin Jiang, Bingbing Li, Weilong Cong, and Dongdong Zhang. "Experimental characterizations of laser cladding of iron- and nickel-based alloy powders on carbon steel 1045 for remanufacturing." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 232, no. 12 (2016): 1023–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420716660126.

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The purpose of this investigation is to test the laser cladding of different alloy powders onto 1045 medium-carbon steel substrates for parts remanufacturing. The types of alloy powder, laser output powers, and scanning speeds are selected as influencing factors to conduct laser cladding experiments with orthogonal design on the carbon steel 1045 substrate. Bonding shear strength and microhardness of the cladding layer and the substrate are tested and analyzed. The high resolution scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy are also used to analyze cladding layers, mi

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8

Appelt, Bernd K. "Ultra-Slim Packages." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, DPC (2012): 001477–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2012dpc-wa21.

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What does thin or ultra-slim packaging mean? That of course depends on the particular cross-section of the substrate e.g. single layer vs. double layer vs. coreless or embedded component substrate, etc. The thinnest prepreg based substrate and concomitant package is a single layer substrate termed a-S3 ™ and can be as thin as 90 μ and 400 μ, respectively, with the appropriate mold cap. The manufacturing concept for a-S3 has inspired a new manufacturing concept for thin prepreg based coreless substrates with any number of layers. Layers two through five have been demonstrated successfully. The

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9

Kim, Jae Young, Heejin Lim, Sun Young Lee, et al. "Gold-Nanoparticle Layer Substrate Assisted Transmission-Mode Laser Desorption for Atmospheric Pressure Mass Spectrometry Imaging." Science of Advanced Materials 12, no. 10 (2020): 1517–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2020.3792.

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We demonstrate continuous-wave laser-based ambient mass spectrometry imaging with the use of a gold-nanoparticle layer substrate. When a fresh tissue slice is placed on a gold-nanoparticle layer substrate and irradiated with a 532-nm continuous-wave laser, the transmission-mode laser configuration provides precise desorption performance to facilitate mass spectrometry imaging. The subsequent ionization process with nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma jets generates sufficient amounts of molecular ions. By using this method, micrometer-spatial-resolution mass spectrometry imaging of humid ti

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10

Yan, Zeng, Xiao Yang Huang, Wei Dong Zhou, and Sheng Kai Yu. "Numerical Study on Heat Transfer and Lubricant Depletion in a Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording System with Multilayer Disk Structure." Advanced Materials Research 452-453 (January 2012): 1384–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.452-453.1384.

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Heat transfer and lubricant depletion in a HAMR system with multilayer disk substrate are numerically simulated in this study. Cases under two types of multilayer disk substrates with different materials on the top layer as well as different laser powers are examined. The results show the significant effects of the material property and the laser power. Compared with pure glass disk substrate, larger thermal conductivity of top-layer material in the multilayer disk substrate causes faster heat conduction and thus substantial reductions in the temperature increase and lubricant depletion on the

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11

Lee, Jung-Kun, Hyun-Suk Jung, Dong-Wan Kim, Chang-Hoon Kim, and Kug Sun Hong. "Influence of Substrates on the Crystal Structure of Pulsed Laser Deposited Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–29% PbTiO3 Thin Films." Journal of Materials Research 17, no. 5 (2002): 1030–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2002.0152.

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Lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate [Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN)–PbTiO3 (PT)] films were synthesized using pulsed laser deposition, and the effect of substrates on the deposition behavior of the PMN–PT film was investigated. Phase evolution of PMN–PT thin films was found to depend significantly on the type of the substrate used during deposition. Though a mixture of pyrochlore and perovskite was observed when films were deposited on a Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrate, the oxide substrates, such as (Ba0.5Sr0.5)RuO3/Si, SrTiO3, and LaAlO3, enabled the deposition of pure perovskite. Scanning Auger microprob

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12

Appelt, Bernd K., Bruce Su, Dora Lee, Kidd Lee, and Uno Yen. "Thin Substrates Bursting into the Market." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2012, no. 1 (2012): 001149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2012-thp45.

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The continued drive for miniaturization by mobile applications demands its toll also from packaging. Innovative packages are required to shrink volume and weight of packages. This has led to the development of single layer, coreless and embedded component substrates. The thinnest prepreg based substrate and concomitant package is a single layer substrate termed a-S3 ™ and can be as thin as 90 μ and 400 μ, respectively, with the appropriate mold cap. The manufacturing concept for a-S3 has inspired a new manufacturing concept for thin prepreg based coreless substrates with any number of layers.

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13

Zhang, Qiuhong, Levi Elston, James Scofield, et al. "The Effect of Buffer Layer on CNT Structure and CNT/Copper Interfacial Properties." MRS Advances 1, no. 20 (2016): 1447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.201.

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ABSTRACTCarbon nanotubes (CNTs), with exceptional thermal and mechanical properties as well as inherently high surface area, are an attractive candidate for integrating into thermal structures of advanced power electronics. Growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) directly onto copper (Cu) substrates is a promising approach to apply CNTs as novel thermal interface materials (TIMs) in electronics packaging. However, compared to growing CNTs on conventional inert substrates such as SiO2, direct growth of controllable CNT arrays onto Cu substrates is significantly more challenging d

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14

Tazibt, Abdel, Guillaume Ezo'o, Yosri Khalsi, and Mustapha Yahiaoui. "Dry Surface Preparation Using Supercritical Cryogenic Nitrogen Jet Improves the Adhesion Strength of Cold Gas Sprayed Coatings (SCNCS)." Materials Science Forum 941 (December 2018): 1668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.1668.

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The adhesion performance of Cold Sprayed coatings depends on the quality of the substrate [1,2,4,8]. Before deposition, the surface of substrate must be prepared to a specific required quality, which promotes the anchoring of sprayed coating. Grit Blasting (Samson et al.) [1] is known as the conventional surface preparation before Cold Spraying. But such method causes issues: a) shallow roughness, which does not strengthen bonds between layer and substrate; b) embedment of particles in the substrate, which creates discontinuity of the material at the interface and causes cracks that degrade th

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15

Li, Wenbing, Xin Tong, Zhuo Yang, Jiali Zhang, Bo Liu, and Chao Ping Chen. "Improved Sensitivity of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering with Gold Nanoparticles-Insulator-Metal Sandwich Layers on Flat Sapphire Substrate." Nanomaterials 11, no. 9 (2021): 2416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11092416.

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) as a high sensitivity analytical method for molecule detection has attracted much attention in recent research. In this work, we demonstrated an improved SERS substrate, which has the gold nanoparticles randomly distributed on a SiO2 interception layer over a gold thin film layer on the flat sapphire substrate (AuNP/SiO2/Au/Sapphire), over the dispersed gold nanoparticles on a silicon substrate (AuNP/Si), for detection of R6G (1 × 10−6 M) in a Raman microscope. The fabrication of sandwich layers on top of the sapphire substrate involves evaporation of a

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16

Zhang, Chao, Jianjun Song, Jie Zhang, and Shulin Liu. "Thermophysics Simulation of Laser Recrystallization of High-Ge-Content SiGe on Si Substrate." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2018 (August 7, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5863632.

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The high-Ge-content SiGe material on the Si substrate can be applied not only to electronic devices but also to optical devices and is one of the focuses of research and development in the field. However, due to the 4.2% lattice mismatch between Si and Ge, the epitaxial growth of the high-Ge-content SiGe epitaxial layer directly on the Si substrate has a high defect density, which will seriously affect the subsequent device performance. Laser recrystallization technique is a fast and low-cost method to effectively reduce threading dislocation density (TDD) in epitaxial high-Ge-content SiGe fil

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17

Zhang, Chao, Jianjun Song, and Jie Zhang. "Optimization of Laser Recrystallization Process for GeSn Films on Si Substrates Based on Finite Difference Time Domain and Finite Element Method." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 15, no. 3 (2020): 376–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2020.2705.

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GeSn alloy on Si substrate has the advantages of high carrier mobility, high radiation recombination efficiency, compatibility with the Si process, and is widely used in the field of semiconductor optoelectronics. However, due to the high lattice mismatch between the GeSn epitaxial layer and the Si substrate, how to prepare a perfect GeSn film on the Si substrate is an issue. The 808 nm continuous wave laser recrystallization technology can significantly improve the quality of the GeSn alloy epitaxial layer by melting and recrystallization, which provide another technical way for solving this

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18

Kamoi, Susumu, Noriyuki Hasuike, Kenji Kisoda, et al. "Deep UV Raman Spectroscopy of Epitaxial Graphenes on Vicinal 6H-SiC Substrates." Materials Science Forum 645-648 (April 2010): 611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.611.

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We report microscopic Raman scattering studies of epitaxial graphene grown on SiC substrates using a deep-ultraviolet (UV) laser excitation at 266 nm to elucidate the interaction between the graphene layer and the substrate. The samples were grown on the Si-face of vicinal 6H-SiC (0001) substrates by sublimation of Si from SiC. The G band of the epitaxial graphene layer was clearly observed without any data manipulation. Increasing the number of graphene layers, the peak frequency of the G-band decreases linearly, while the peak width and the intensity increase. The G-band frequency of the gra

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19

Mohd Shafie, Zulfida Mohamad Hafis, Abdul Latif Ahmad, Siew Chun Low, Sabine Rode, and Bouchra Belaissaoui. "Lithium chloride (LiCl)-modified polyethersulfone (PES) substrate surface pore architectures on thin poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) dense layer formation and the composite membrane's performance in gas separation." RSC Advances 10, no. 16 (2020): 9500–9511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra00045k.

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LiCl was incorporated in PES porous substrate fabrication methodology to influence the substrate's surface architectures and later, the resulting PDMS dense separating layer formation for composite membrane gas separation.

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20

Кукушкин, С. А., А. В. Осипов, А. В. Редьков та Ш. Ш. Шарофидинов. "Рост объемных эпитаксиальных пленок AlN полуполярной ориентации на подложках Si (001) и гибридных подложках SiC/Si (001)". Письма в журнал технической физики 46, № 11 (2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pjtf.2020.11.49494.18272.

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Abstract The possibility of growing bulk (more than 7 μm thick) epitaxial semipolar AlN films on Si(001) and hybrid SiC/Si(001) substrates without cracks has been investigated. It is found that an AlN layer grown on the Si substrate is extended, whereas an AlN layer grown on the hybrid SiC/Si substrate is compressed. The limiting (critical) thickness of the semipolar AlN layer on the Si(001) substrate is determined to be ~7.5 μm. When the film thickness exceeds this value, an ensemble of cracks is formed in the film, leading to its total cracking and exfoliation from the substrate. The semipol

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Subba Rao, K., R. Tamm, S. C. Wimbush, et al. "Texture Studies on Borocarbide Thin Films." Materials Science Forum 495-497 (September 2005): 1425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.495-497.1425.

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Epitaxial thin films of the superconducting borocarbide compound YNi2B2C were grown on single crystal MgO (100) substrates without and with Y2O3 buffer layer using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). In both cases YNi2B2C grows with [001] normal to the substrate. However, the in-plane texture depends on the starting condition. For samples without buffer layer, oxygen from the substrate diffuses into the film and forms an Y2O3 reaction layer at the interface. As a consequence, a deficiency of Y is generated giving rise to the formation of secondary phases. On the other hand, using an artificial Y2O3

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22

Ebersberger, L., and G. Fischerauer. "Influence of the substrate on the overall sensor impedance of planar H<sub>2</sub> sensors involving TiO<sub>2</sub>–SnO<sub>2</sub> interfaces." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 4, no. 1 (2015): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-4-85-2015.

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Abstract. To date, very little has been written about the influence of the substrate layer on the overall sensor impedance of single- and multilayer planar sensors (e.g., metal-oxide sensors). However, the substrate is an elementary part of the sensor element. Through the selection of a substrate, the sensor performance can be manipulated. The current contribution reports on the substrate influence in multilayer metal-oxide chemical sensors. Measurements of the impedance are used to discuss the sensor performance with quartz substrates, (laboratory) glass substrates and substrates covered by s

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23

Illés, Balázs, Tamás Hurtony, Olivér Krammer, Bálint Medgyes, Karel Dušek, and David Bušek. "Effect of Cu Substrate Roughness and Sn Layer Thickness on Whisker Development from Sn Thin-Films." Materials 12, no. 21 (2019): 3609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12213609.

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The effect of copper substrate roughness and tin layer thickness were investigated on whisker development in the case of Sn thin-films. Sn was vacuum-evaporated onto both unpolished and mechanically polished Cu substrates with 1 µm and 2 μm average layer thicknesses. The samples were stored in room conditions for 60 days. The considerable stress—developed by the rapid intermetallic layer formation—resulted in intensive whisker formation, even in some days after the layer deposition. The developed whiskers and the layer structure underneath them were investigated with both scanning electron mic

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MANCINI, A., V. BOFFA, G. CELENTANO та ін. "DEVELOPMENT OF BUFFER LAYER STRUCTURES FOR YBa2Cu3O7-δ COATED CONDUCTORS ON TEXTURED Ni-V SUBSTRATE". International Journal of Modern Physics B 14, № 25n27 (2000): 3128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979200003423.

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Y 2 O 3 and MgO-based buffer layer architectures on non-magnetic cube textured Ni-V substrates were studied for YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ (YBCO) coated conductors fabrication using both pulsed laser deposition and electron beam evaporation. The Y 2 O 3 films exhibited a biaxial texture with φ and ω-scans full width at half maximum (FWHM) of about 11° and 7° and a smooth and continuous surface. YBCO thick films deposited on CeO 2/ Y 2 O 3/ Ni-V and CeO 2/ Y 2 O 3/ NiO/Ni-V architectures were mainly c-axis oriented showing a T C(R=0) above 85 K. MgO films were grown by electron beam evaporation both dire

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Chen, Ju Fang, Xing Cheng Li, Jiang Tao Wang, and Wei Ning Lei. "Effect of CO₂ Laser Surface Melting on the Microstructure of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy." Key Engineering Materials 464 (January 2011): 461–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.464.461.

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In the present study, the effect of laser surface melting (LSM) on microstructure of AZ91D magnesium alloy was investigated with a 2kW continuous wave CO2 laser. The results indicate that both the substrate and laser melted layer mainly consisted of α-Mg and β-Mg17Al12, the amount of β-phase in laser melted layer was decreased as compared to that of the substrate. The microstructure of the laser surface melted zone consists of fine dendrites with an average grain size of less than 10m, the grain size was reduced by a factor of more than 10 times as compared to that of the substrate. The micro

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Zhou, Ju, Chang Jun Qiu, and Xi Yang Cheng. "Finite Element Simulation of Temperature Field on Laser Cladding Layers Regulated by Micro-Forging." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 1417–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.1417.

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Micro-plastic deformation was produced on the surface of the laser cladding layer by micro-forging, thus cracks were healed in cladding layer; in order to reduce the thermal stress, preheating the substrate was needed to reduce the temperature gap between cladding layer and substrate. In this paper, temperature field by micro-forging on laser cladding Ni60 layer was simulated on software named DEFORM-2D. Compared the width of cracks, the results showed that reasonable and effective preheating temperature could ensure to reduce or eliminate cracks on laser cladding layer.

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27

Wikstro¨m, A., and P. Gudmundson. "Thermal Deformation of Initially Curved Substrates Coated by Thin Inhomogeneous Layers." Journal of Applied Mechanics 68, no. 2 (2000): 298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1357169.

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Thermal curvature changes and membrane strains are analyzed for elastic shallow shell substrates which are coated by thin, generally inelastic, inhomogeneous and anisotropic layers. The analysis is restricted to linear kinematics. It is shown that the deformation is governed by the corresponding solution for a flat substrate and a correction due to the initial curvature. The correction is determined from a shallow shell problem for the bare substrate with a loading expressed by the coefficients of thermal curvature for the substrate/layer system. For constant initial curvatures, certain analyt

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Choi, Seung Kyu, Jae Min Jang, and Woo Gwang Jung. "Influence of Ion Bombardment of Sapphire on Electrical Property of GaN Layer." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 615–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.615.

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Ion beam bombardment of proton, He+, Ar+, Xe+ ions were made on single crystal substrate by cyclotron. The GaN epi-layer material was grown by MOCVD on ion beam bombarded substrate. After deposition of GaN epi-layer heat treatment was made in flow of N2. The RMS roughness of the substrate was increased by ion bombardment. The GaN crystal quality for substrates of ion bombardment was better than that for bare substrates. Raman spectrum analysis indicated the induced stress in the GaN epi-layer during the heat treatment. The electrical property of GaN was improved after heat treatment. It is est

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Han, Tao, Hongxia Liu, Shulong Wang, et al. "Probing the Optical Properties of MoS2 on SiO2/Si and Sapphire Substrates." Nanomaterials 9, no. 5 (2019): 740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9050740.

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As an important supplementary material to graphene in the optoelectronics field, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has attracted attention from researchers due to its good light absorption capacity and adjustable bandgap. In this paper, MoS2 layers are respectively grown on SiO2/Si and sapphire substrates by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD). Atomic force microscopy, optical microscopy, and Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy are used to probe the optical properties of MoS2 on SiO2/Si and sapphire substrates systematically. The peak shift between the characteristic A1g and

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Kojima, Kazutoshi, Keiko Masumoto, Sachiko Ito, Akiyo Nagata, and Hajime Okumura. "Development of Homoepitaxial Growth Technique on 4H-SiC Vicinal Off Angled Substrate." Materials Science Forum 778-780 (February 2014): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.125.

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We have investigated key factors for controlling the polytype and surface morphology of 4H-SiC homoepitaxial growth on less than 4ooff-axis substrates. In addition, we characterized the crystal quality and surface quality of the epitaxial layer of an entire 3-inch vicinal off angled substrate. The results suggested that the control of surface free energy, control of the vicinal off angle itself, and high temperature growth, is highly important in controlling the surface morphology and polytype stability of the epitaxial layer grown on a vicinal off angled substrate. We also obtained a high-qua

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Gale, W. F., Y. Shen, J. W. Fergus, and X. Wen. "Anomalous wetting of Ti–48 at.% Al–2 at.% Cr–2 at.% Nb substrates by liquid copper." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 10 (1999): 3889–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0526.

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Conventionally, the wetting of metallic substrates by liquid metals involves undermining of the substrate–oxide layer by the liquid. Evidence is presented here for an alternative wetting process involving spreading of liquid copper along the exterior of the oxide layer on Ti–48 at.% Al–2 at.% Cr–2 at.% Nb substrates. A mechanism is presented that involves compositional changes in the liquid, which in turn allow a wetting-promoting reaction between the (initially unreactive) liquid and the exterior layer of the substrate oxide.

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Veljković, Dj, D. Tanaskovic, R. Petrović, et al. "Double-Layer Bioactive Glass Coatings Obtained by Pulsed Laser Deposition." Key Engineering Materials 361-363 (November 2007): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.361-363.277.

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Pulsed laser deposition was used to obtain functionally graded bioactive glass coatings on titanium substrates. An UV KrF* (λ=248 nm, τ>7 ns) excimer laser was used for the multi-pulse irradiation of the targets. The depositions were performed in oxygen while keeping substrate temperature at 400°C. We used sintered glass targets in the system SiO2-Na2O-K2O-CaO-MgOP2O5 that differed in SiO2 content, which was either 57 wt.% (6P57) or 61 wt.% (6P61). A glass 6P61 was used as the first layer in direct contact with the metallic substrate, while the outer bioactive layer was made of glass 6P57.

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Ohtsuka, Shigehiro, Yutaka Sekiguchi, Shigemi Tochino, and Giuseppe Pezzotti. "Estimation of Residual Stress in a Ceramic Coating Layer." Key Engineering Materials 317-318 (August 2006): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.317-318.289.

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We attempted to characterize by Raman piezo-spectroscopy residual stresses as they develop in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) Al2O3 coatings on Si3N4 ceramic substrates. According to a piezo-spectroscopic procedure coupled with a confocal configuration of the optical probe used, two-dimensional stress maps could be collected at various depths along the thickness of the coating. By comparing Al2O3 coatings produced on Si3N4 substrates at different CVD temperatures, a tensile residual stress field has been detected in the coating, whose magnitude increased with increasing the CVD temperature. As

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Hasebe, Fumiaki, Tatsuya Meguro, Takahiro Makino, Takeshi Ohshima, Yasunori Tanaka, and Shinichiro Kuroki. "Direct Bonding of 4H-SiC and SOI Wafers for Radiation-Hardened Image Sensors." Materials Science Forum 963 (July 2019): 726–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.963.726.

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4H-SiC and SOI substrates were bonded by SiO2-SiO2 direct bonding method with diluted HF solution (0.5 wt.%). After the bonding process, the handle layer and the BOX layer of the SOI substrate were etched by TMAH solution, and finally the silicon active layer with a thickness of 1.5 μm was remained on the 4H-SiC substrate. Using this silicon layer, Si photodiodes on 4H-SiC for the radiation hardened image sensors were fabricated and demonstrated.

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Kamminga, J. D., R. Delhez, Th H. de Keijser, and E. J. Mittemeijer. "A tool for X-ray diffraction analysis of thin layers on substrates: substrate peak removal method." Journal of Applied Crystallography 33, no. 1 (2000): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889899013461.

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A method is proposed that removes the substrate peaks from a diffraction pattern recorded from a substrate covered with a thin layer, using a separate measurement of the uncovered substrate. The obtained diffractogram without substrate peaks can then be used for the characterization of the microstructure of the thin layer. As an example, the method is shown to yield good results for a TiN layer deposited on a tool-steel substrate.

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Akoshima, Megumi, Tetsuya Baba, Mitsue Ogawa, et al. "Thermal Diffusivity Measurements of the Layered Materials by the Laser Flash Method." Materials Science Forum 631-632 (October 2009): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.631-632.103.

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Ceramics-based thermal barrier coatings are used as heat and wear shields of blades of gas turbine. There are strong needs to evaluate thermophysical properties of coatings, such as thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and heat capacity of them. Since coatings are attached on substrates, it is not easy to measure these properties separately. In order to evaluate the thermal diffusivity of coating attached on substrate, we have tried to apply the multi-layer model based on the response function method and established a procedure for the measurement by the laser flash method. We verified th

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Wang, Xiaoou, Yimei Tian, Xinhua Zhao, and Chenrui Peng. "Hydrological performance of dual-substrate-layer green roofs using porous inert substrates with high sorption capacities." Water Science and Technology 75, no. 12 (2017): 2829–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.161.

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Given that the common medium in existing green roofs is a single layer composed of organic and inorganic substrates, seven pilot-scale dual-substrate-layer extensive green roofs (G1–G7), which include nutrition and adsorption substrate layers, were constructed in this study. The effectiveness of porous inert substrates (activated charcoal, zeolite, pumice, lava, vermiculite and expanded perlite) used as the adsorption substrate for stormwater retention was investigated. A single-substrate-layer green roof (G8) was built for comparison with G1–G7. Despite the larger total rainfall depth (mm) of

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Yang, Yue, and Jian Dong Hu. "Effect of Laser Power on the Microstructure of Ni-P Layer Deposited on Aluminum Substrate." Materials Science Forum 686 (June 2011): 539–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.686.539.

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Laser processing of Ni-P layer electroless deposited on aluminum substrate was carried out by Nd-YAG pulsed laser. Different laser processing parameters were selected. When lower laser power density was employed, the modified Ni-P layer was obtained, however, when employed laser power density increased, laser alloying of Ni-P layer with aluminum substrate occurred. The characteristic dendritic or lamellar microstructures were observed in the alloyed layer. The phase constituents of the alloyed zones determined by X-ray diffraction are consisted of nickel-aluminum intermetallic compounds NiAl,

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Lim, Jaemook, Youngchan Kim, Jaeho Shin, et al. "Continuous-Wave Laser-Induced Transfer of Metal Nanoparticles to Arbitrary Polymer Substrates." Nanomaterials 10, no. 4 (2020): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040701.

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Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) and selective laser sintering (SLS) are two distinct laser processes that can be applied to metal nanoparticle (NP) ink for the fabrication of a conductive layer on various substrates. A pulsed laser and a continuous-wave (CW) laser are utilized respectively in the conventional LIFT and SLS processes; however, in this study, CW laser-induced transfer of the metal NP is proposed to achieve simultaneous sintering and transfer of the metal NP to a wide range of polymer substrates. At the optimum laser parameters, it was shown that a high-quality uniform metal

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Soulière, Véronique, Arthur Vo-Ha, Davy Carole, et al. "Heteroepitaxial CVD Growth of 3C-SiC on Diamond Substrate." Materials Science Forum 778-780 (February 2014): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.226.

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This work presents the successful CVD heteroepitaxial growth of 3C-SiC on diamond (100) substrates. When performing a direct SiC growth at 1500°C on such substrate, it leads to polycrystalline deposit. The use of a substrate pretreatment involving silicon deposition allows forming a more continuous and smoother layer. Electron BackScatter Diffraction and Transmission Electron Microscopy all revealed that the 3C-SiC layer grown on the (100) diamond substrate is monocrystalline and well oriented.

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Marzbanrad, Bahareh, Ehsan Toyserkani, and Hamid Jahed. "Multi-Layer Cold Spray Coating: Strain Distribution." Key Engineering Materials 813 (July 2019): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.813.411.

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In this paper, we report the effect of multi-layer cold spray deposition on the residual stress formation in the coating and substrate. A method is proposed to separately measure the thermal and mechanical residual stresses induced in cold spray coating. Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors were employed for in situ monitoring of the strain evolution during the cold spray of multi-layer coating Al7075-Zn on AZ31B Magnesium substrates. Utilizing the capability of the FBG sensors in recording both thermal and mechanical strain gradients, first the effect of temperature on the substrate was investig

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Li, Xin Mei, Xiao Feng Dong, Tu Erxun Si Dike, Kai Jie Li, and Dong Yu. "Characterization of Pure Titanium and Ti6Al4V Alloy Modified by Plasma Electrolytic Carbonitriding Process." Key Engineering Materials 522 (August 2012): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.522.152.

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Porous nanocrystalline thick Ti (CxN1-x) films which bond firmly to the substrate are obtained on commercially pure titanium and Ti6Al4V alloy by plasma electrolytic carbonitriding (PECN) treatment. The microstructures and compositions of the modified layer on different substrates were compared. The results showed that the modified layer is composed of the outer Ti (CxN1-x) film and the diffusion layer. When discharge-treated for 150 min, the thickness of the Ti (CxN1-x) film is ~15μm, irrespective of the different substrate. The TiH2 riched diffusion layer which is 40-45μm thick is located be

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Li, Honggang, and Brian M. Cullum. "Dual Layer and Multilayer Enhancements from Silver Film over Nanostructured Surface-Enhanced Raman Substrates." Applied Spectroscopy 59, no. 4 (2005): 410–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702053641379.

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Novel dual layer and multilayer silver film over nanostructure (SFON) substrates have been developed that provide surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal enhancements of greater than 1000% compared to conventional single layer SFON substrates. These substrates provide signal enhancement factors of 3.8 × 105 and greater for a variety of SERS active analytes. Substrate preparation is accomplished by vapor depositing a thick (∼100 nm) layer of silver on top of an underlying layer of alumina nanoparticles, followed by deposition of additional layers of silver with silver oxide layers betwe

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Guo, Xiao Qin, Jing Bo Chen, Xin Fang Zhang, Yong Kai Wang, and Rui Zhang. "Microstructure and Properties of Laser Cladding Cu-TiB₂ Composite Coating on Copper." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 639–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.639.

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Cu-TiB2 composite coatings were in-situ synthesized on the copper substrate by using a Nd: YAG laser. The microstructure of the coating and the bonding interface between the laser cladding layer and the substrate were studied by X-ray and SEM. The microhardness and the wear resisting property were tested. The results show that the TiB2 particles were well-proportioned and spherical existing in the coating layer, the bonding interface between the layer and substrate was metallurgical bonding. The microhardness reaches HV450 and the wear resistance is about 10 times as much as that of Cu substat

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van Assenbergh, Peter, Marike Fokker, Julian Langowski, Jan van Esch, Marleen Kamperman, and Dimitra Dodou. "Pull-off and friction forces of micropatterned elastomers on soft substrates: the effects of pattern length scale and stiffness." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 10 (January 8, 2019): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.10.8.

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The adhesiveness of biological micropatterned adhesives primarily relies on their geometry (e.g., feature size, architecture) and material properties (e.g., stiffness). Over the last few decades, researchers have been mimicking the geometry and material properties of biological micropatterned adhesives. The performance of these biomimetic micropatterned adhesives is usually tested on hard substrates. Much less is known about the effect of geometry, feature size, and material properties on the performance of micropatterned adhesives when the substrate is deformable. Here, micropatterned adhesiv

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Gu, Y., P. He, B. Zheng, and Z. Liu. "Deformation of thin solid film/liquid layer/substrate structures with rough liquid layer/substrate interface." Thin Solid Films 513, no. 1-2 (2006): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2006.01.072.

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Liu, Gui Jie, Xin Wang, An Jin Li, and Fang You Hu. "Study on Laser-Clad Al/Cr₃C₂ Compound Powders on the Titanium Alloy Substrate." Advanced Materials Research 135 (October 2010): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.135.205.

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To improve the comprehensive properties of titanium alloy, an experiment of laser-clad (Ti+Cr3C2+Al) has been carried out, using pulsed YAG laser as the radiated source. By optimizing the process parameters, we get uniform, continuous and flawless cladding layer with the composition changes gradient. It is found that cladding layer and the substrate show excellent metallurgical bonding. The microstructure transforms from coarse columnar grains to fine tree-like grains from substrate to top, and a small amount of TiAl and TiC ceramic hardening particles exists. The hardness of the cladding zone

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Lai, Ju Shui, Li Chen, Xiao Niu Fu, et al. "Synthesis of Crystalline ZnSe Nanowires by Pulsed Laser Deposition for Application in Polymer-Inorganic Solar Cells." Materials Science Forum 688 (June 2011): 314–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.688.314.

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Crystalline ZnSe nanowires have been grown by pulsed-laser deposition on catalyst-coated substrates. On 300-400 °C catalyst-coated silicon (100) substrates, the crystalline ZnSe nanowires can be grown densely with the middle diameters about 40 nm, and the length about 400 nm . The as-grown nanowires were well crystalline and base-grown. They have potential applications in solar cell based on polymer/inorganic hybrid system for their properties of good electron-conductance and high ratio surface area. Based on the ZnSe nanowires cathode, a five-layer composite structure of polymer/inorganic hyb

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Appelt, Bernd K., Alex S. F. Huang, Bruce Su, and Yi-Shao Lai. "A New Coreless Substrate Technology." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2010, no. 1 (2010): 000842–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2010-tha3-paper3.

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Coreless substrate technology has been viewed as the holy grail of organic substrates for a long time. The benefit of this substrate concept is to reach the same level of wireability as in multi-layer ceramic substrates at lower cost and better electrical performance. Most approaches to date were based on materials like ABF or other resin systems with little reinforcement which resulted in substrates which were very prone to warping before die assembly and even more so after die attach. Here, the approach is to pattern plate the circuit pattern on a temporary carrier. In a second step, studs a

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Ohba, Yoko, Takaaki Tsurumi, Etsuo Sakai, and Masaki Daimon. "Formation and Piezoelectric Property of PZT Film Synthesized Hydrothermally." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 11, no. 4 (1999): 238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1999.p0238.

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Crystalline lead zirconate titanate solid solution (PZT) films were deposited on titanium substrates hydrothermally with a flow. The composition and concentration of solution or slurry werte controlled by adding reactants during the reaction. Although the PZT layer showed the anticipated piezoelectric and dielectric constants, an intermediate layer was created between the PZT layer and Ti substrate. Bimorph bending actuators using the film were bent by voltage applied perpendicular to the film. Bending displacement of the actuator was calculated theoretically using a composite beam model in wh

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