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Journal articles on the topic 'Layered conditions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Wang, Ying, Da Qiang Hu, and Wei Wei Jiang. "Preparation and Light Trapping Properties of Double-Layered ZnO:Al Films with Textured Surface." Materials Science Forum 896 (March 2017): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.896.134.

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A one-step wet-etching method was developed to prepare the transparent conducting double-layered ZnO:Al films with textured surface for improving the light trapping ability.In this work, we investigated the effects of different deposition and re-deposition conditions including Ar flow rate, working pressure and substrate temperature on the light trapping properties of double-layered ZnO:Al films. Obvious changes for surface morphology of double-layerd films were observed, which displayed the significant influence of the re-deposition process. The double-layered ZnO:Al films presented low resis

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Zwietering, P. J., E. H. L. Aarts, and J. Wessels. "EXACT CLASSIFICATION WITH TWO-LAYERED PERCEPTRONS." International Journal of Neural Systems 03, no. 02 (1992): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065792000127.

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We study the capabilities of two-layered perceptrons for classifying exactly a given subset. Both necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for subsets to be exactly classifiable with two-layered perceptrons that use the hard-limiting response function. The necessary conditions can be viewed as generalizations of the linear-separability condition of one-layered perceptrons and confirm the conjecture that the capabilities of two-layered perceptrons are more limited than those of three-layered perceptrons. The sufficient conditions show that the capabilities of two-layered perceptrons exte

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Lysenko, A., L. Parshina, and B. Yartsev. "Effective mechanical characteristics of symmetric layered composite in different loading conditions." Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 1, no. 399 (2022): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2022-1-399-75-88.

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Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses balanced and quasi-isotropic (in the reinforcement plane) symmetric layered composite structures made up by the layers of cloth-reinforced GRP. The purpose of this work was to demonstrate the necessity to justify the applicability of experimental results for effective mechanical parameters determined in the conditions of uniaxial tension/compression to the calculation of thin-walled layered composite structures that work in bending/twisting conditions. Materials and methods. The straining of layered composite structures is simulated as per t

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Suryasentana, S. K., H. J. Burd, B. W. Byrne, and A. Shonberg. "Modulus weighting method for static stiffness estimations of suction caisson foundations in layered soil conditions." Géotechnique Letters 13, no. 2 (2023): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jgele.23.00007.

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This paper presents a new approach, called the Modulus Weighting Method (MWM), for estimating the static stiffness of suction caisson foundations in layered soil conditions. The existing simplified design models for estimating caisson stiffness are limited to non-layered soil conditions, but layered conditions are often found in real-world scenarios. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) study was conducted to develop and validate the MWM approach, and the results showed that it performs well in comparison to the 3D FEA results while being much more computationally efficient.

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Aculey, P., P. K. Tandoh, and D. D. Gamenya. "Physiological Seed Quality Responses of Three Rice Varieties to Different Storage Materials under Ambient Conditions." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 45, no. 9 (2023): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2023/v45i92184.

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Rice is an important staple crop which provides essential dietary nutrients for the well being of humans but the seeds lose viability rapidly in storage before the next planting season. This study was conducted at the seed and pathology laboratories in CSIR-Crops Research Institute (Fumesua) to determine the physiological seed quality responses of three rice varieties to different storage materials under ambient conditions. The experiment was set up in 3x4 factorial arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications under ambient conditions. Factor one was variety of rice at th

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Ivashchyshyn, F. O., V. M. Maksymych, T. D. Krushelnytska, O. V. Rybak, B. O. Seredyuk, and N. K. Tovstyuk. "Biintercalate layered heterostructure: synthesis conditions and physical properties." Low Temperature Physics 47, no. 12 (2021): 1065–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/10.0007082.

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Forbes Inskip, Nathaniel D., John Browning, Philip G. Meredith, and Agust Gudmundsson. "Conditions for fracture arrest in layered rock sequences." Results in Geophysical Sciences 1-4 (December 2020): 100001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ringps.2020.100001.

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Bensalem, A., G. Iyer, and S. Amar. "Synthesis of layered MgHPO4. 1.2H2O under ambient conditions." Materials Research Bulletin 30, no. 12 (1995): 1471–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-5408(95)00168-9.

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9

Bonnaud, E. L., and J. M. Neumeister. "Proper Boundary Conditions for Infinitely Layered Orthotropic Media." Journal of Applied Mechanics 67, no. 3 (2000): 629–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1309542.

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A stress analysis of a plane infinitely layered medium subjected to surface loadings is performed using Airy stress functions, integral transforms, and a revised transfer matrix approach. Proper boundary conditions at infinity are for the first time established, which reduces the problem size by one half. Methods and approximations are also presented to enable numerical treatment and to overcome difficulties inherent to such formulations. [S0021-8936(00)01103-X]

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Zaman, F. D., and R. Al-Khairy. "Cooling of a layered plate under mixed conditions." Journal of Applied Mathematics and Stochastic Analysis 13, no. 2 (2000): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1048953300000204.

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We consider the temperature distribution in an infinite plate composed of two dissimilar materials. We suppose that half of the upper surface (y=h,−∞<x<0) satisfies the general boundary condition of the Neumann type, while the other half (y=h,0<x<∞) satisfies the general boundary condition of the Dirichlet type. Such a plate is allowed to cool down on the lower surface with the help of a fluid medium which moves with a uniform speed v and which cools the plate at rate Ω. The resulting mixed boundary value problem is reduced to a functional equation of the Wiener-Hopf type by use of

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Sacchi Landriani, Giannantonio, and Alberto Taliercio. "A note on failure conditions for layered materials." Meccanica 22, no. 2 (1987): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01556908.

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Nayda, S. A., YU K. Mikhaylova, and S. V. Spasichenko. "Ultrasonic air level gauge for liquid and solids for very dusty conditions." Electronics and Communications 15, no. 4 (2010): 160–65. https://doi.org/10.20535/2312-1807.2010.15.4.301683.

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The features of piezoelectric transformers with multi-layered matching coverages which works on an air environment are considered. As a result of a multi-layered construction application a possibility to determin the levels up to 61 mcode is provided, and the amplitude of the swaying speed on the transformer working surface gets such a value that the surface selfwiping becomes possible

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Shi, Yungang, Jingyu Wang, Xin Tan, Suhua Zhou, Yuxuan Jin, and Xin Yin. "Stability Analysis of Strongly Weathered Muddy Slate Slopes Considering Softening Conditions of Water Immersion." Sustainability 15, no. 20 (2023): 14740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152014740.

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To understand the stability of strongly weathered muddy slate slopes under water immersion effects, we obtained shear strength parameters of the weakly layered structures within this slate through direct shear tests. Point load tests were performed on in-site slate samples with varying water immersion durations to assess the water immersion’s softening impact on slate strength. Results highlight that muddy slate strength presents pronounced random variability, declining as water immersion duration increases. Drawing from shear strength parameters and the water immersion softening observed in l

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Dennis, David, and G. Brock Williams. "Layered circle packings." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2005, no. 15 (2005): 2429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/ijmms.2005.2429.

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Given a bounded sequence of integers{d0,d1,d2,…},6≤dn≤M, there is an associated abstract triangulation created by building up layers of vertices so that vertices on thenth layer have degreedn. This triangulation can be realized via a circle packing which fills either the Euclidean or the hyperbolic plane. We give necessary and sufficient conditions to determine the type of the packing given the defining sequence{dn}.

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Boychuk, Oleksandr. "THE NATURE AND CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES IN NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL LAYERED ALUMOSILICATES." Ukrainian Chemistry Journal 88, no. 10 (2022): 70–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33609/2708-129x.88.10.2022.70-90.

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The review analyzes the physical and chemical properties of modified natural and artificial layered aluminosilicates, which form the basis for the emergence of thermoelectric properties in materials based on them. It represented the main methods of modification and analysis of structural and thermoelectric properties of these materials. Chemical modification of layered aluminosilicates is carried out by the reaction of solid aluminosilicate with concentrated aqueous solutions of metal hydroxides of groups I and II, their silicates, or phosphoric acid. The products of such interaction are ca

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Grushenkova, E. D., L. I. Mogilevich, V. S. Popov, and A. V. Khristoforova. "Mathematical Model of Oscillations of a Three-Layered Channel Wall Possessing a Compressible Core and Interacting with a Pulsating Viscous Liquid Layer." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Instrument Engineering, no. 6 (129) (December 2019): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3933-2019-6-4-18.

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The paper deals with the formulation of a mathematical model to study a dynamics interaction of a three-layered channel wall with a pulsating viscous fluid layer in a channel. The narrow channel formed by two parallel walls was considered. The lower channel wall was a three-layered plate with a compressible core, and the upper one was absolutely rigid. The face sheets of the three-layered plate satisfied Kirchhoff's hypotheses. The plate core was considered rigid taking into account its compression in the transverse direction. Plate deformations were assumed to be small. The continuity conditi

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Kureli, Ihsan, and Nihat Dongel. "Effect of the Layer Structure of Wooden Floorings on Dimensional Mobility under Different Relative Humidity and Water Retention Conditions." Forest Products Journal 70, no. 1 (2020): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/fpj-d-19-00025.

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Abstract This study aimed to determine the effect of different wood flooring layer structures and surface features on water intake, shrinkage, and swelling rates under different relative humidity and water retention conditions. Nine wood flooring sample types were tested: solid wood beech (Fagus orientalis L.) flooring covered with polyurethane varnish, four engineered wood flooring types having different core-layers (solid-wood poplar (Populus nigra L.), 2× medium-density fiberboard, and plywood) covered with ultraviolet dried polyurethane varnish on beech veneer, and four laminated wood floo

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NAKAGAWA, KEIZO, TOSHIMASA OGATA, KEN-ICHIRO SOTOWA, SHIGERU SUGIYAMA, and MOTONARI ADACHI. "CONTROL OF MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES OF FLAKY LAYERED TITANATE NANOSHEETS USING SURFACTANT IN HYDROTHERMAL SOLUTION." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 15n16 (2010): 3248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979210066409.

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Layered titanate nanosheets were synthesized by hydrolyzing titanium tetraisopropoxide (TIPT) in hydrothermal solution using triethanolamine (TEOA), and dodecanediamine (DDA) as surfactant. The effects of synthesis conditions on the formation of layered titanate nanosheets were investigated. A layered structure of the titanate was produced under basic (pH12.8) conditions using NaOH or NH4OH aqueous solution. The flaky forms were observed only in reaction mixtures that included DDA, and the flaky forms had multilayer structure comprising several monolayer sheets. In addition, TEOA and DDA promo

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19

Mahade, Satyapal, Nicholas Curry, Stefan Björklund, Nicolaie Markocsan, and Shrikant Joshi. "Durability of Gadolinium Zirconate/YSZ Double-Layered Thermal Barrier Coatings under Different Thermal Cyclic Test Conditions." Materials 12, no. 14 (2019): 2238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12142238.

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Higher durability in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) is constantly sought to enhance the service life of gas turbine engine components such as blades and vanes. In this study, three double layered gadolinium zirconate (GZ)-on-yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) TBC variants with varying individual layer thickness but identical total thickness produced by suspension plasma spray (SPS) process were evaluated. The objective was to investigate the role of YSZ layer thickness on the durability of GZ/YSZ double-layered TBCs under different thermal cyclic test conditions i.e., thermal cyclic fatigue (TC

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20

Penner, Edward. "Ice lensing in layered soils." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 23, no. 3 (1986): 334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t86-047.

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The ice lensing phenomenon in layered soils, a condition that simulates the process of ice growth in varved soils, has been studied experimentally. Under the limited conditions of layer thicknesses, soils used, freezing rates, and moisture conditions, ice lenses formed at the face of the fine-textured (clay) layer when it was encountered by the freezing plane. Only minor heaving occurred in the coarse-textured (silt) layer when its thickness was increased. Key words: frost action, ice lensing, frost heaving, varved soils, layered soils.

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21

Yin, S., S. Uchida, Y. Fujishiro, M. Aki, and T. Sato. "Phase transformation of protonic layered tetratitanate under solvothermal conditions." Journal of Materials Chemistry 9, no. 5 (1999): 1191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a808064j.

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22

T., Pathinathan, and Peter M. "BALANCED DOUBLE LAYERED FUZZY GRAPH." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Modern Education 3, no. 1 (2017): 208–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.546314.

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A development of Double Layered Fuzzy Graph (DLFG) is studied in this paper. From DLFG we construct Balanced Double Layered Fuzzy Graph (BDLFG) by modifying conditions. Some properties of BDLFG are derived and verified in this paper.

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Fanetti, Samuele, Marcelo M. Nobrega, Kamil Dziubek, et al. "Structure and reactivity of 2,4,6-tricyano-1,3,5-triazine under high-pressure conditions." CrystEngComm 21, no. 30 (2019): 4493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ce02154f.

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Tair, Milan, Aleksandar Mihajlovic, Nikola Savanovic, and Marko Sarac. "A multi-layered image format for the web with an adaptive layer selection algorithm." Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering 14, no. 2 (2017): 177–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sjee161010001t.

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In this paper we present a proposed multi-layered image format for use on the web. The format implements an algorithm for selecting adequate layer images depending on the image container's surroundings and size. The layer selection depends on the weighted average brightness of the underlying web page background within the bounds of the image. The proposed image format supports multiple image layers with adjoined thresholds and activation conditions. Depending on these conditions and the underlying background, a layer's visibility will be adequately set. The selection algorithm takes into accou

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Yuan, Wei Guo, and Hai Ying Chen. "Study on Layered Basin Earth Excavation Construction Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 1787–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.1787.

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Through comprehensively analyzing of the present earth excavation methods and combined with Kangwang road tunnel engineering earth excavation, proposing the layered basin earth excavation construction technology of excavation. We put the layered basin earth excavation construction technology of excavation in the practice of Kangwang road tunnel earth excavation, applying "MIDAS-GTS" software to simulate and cost accounting, from the technical and economic sides to validate this new layered basin earth excavation is advanced. And finally puts forward the conditions for the layered basin earth e

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Marton, Pavol. "Response of Layered Plates to Effects of Wind." Applied Mechanics and Materials 617 (August 2014): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.617.263.

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In the present article the response of layered plates to the effects of wind is analyzed. The computational model of layered plate meets the conditions of equilibrium shear stresses at the contact layers. The numerical experiment is applied to the layered glass plate with hinge supports at its edges. The dynamic effect of wind is analyzed in a dynamic calculation.

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Belmas, Ivan, Alik Trikilo, Olena Bilous, Hanna Tantsura, and Oleksandr Fesan. "Deformation of layered soil." Strength of Materials and Theory of Structures, no. 112 (April 17, 2024): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2410-2547.2024.112.125-131.

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One of the consequences of the aggression of the russian federation in Ukraine is a change in the properties of the surface layers of some regions of the soil. Construction of structures in such areas must be carried out considering the above. In order to create prerequisites for taking into account the artificially created layering of the soil, an algorithm for analytical determination of the stress-strain state of a two-layered soil was developed in a linear setting within the limits of plane deformation. Layers are considered as linear elastic bodies of limited dimensions in the plan. The a

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Burlakov, V. V., and E. V. Sharikova. "Aspects of stimulation of innovative activity in conditions of crisis." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 9, no. 3-5 (2015): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-66961.

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This article describes some forms of innovative activity stimulation. Each form has its own methods and instruments. Stimulation of innovative activity is a complex and multi-layered processthat could not survive in conditions of crisis without government support.

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Bai, Yu, Ali Harajli, and Yunping Xi. "Analytical Solutions of Ionic Diffusion and Heat Conduction in Multilayered Porous Media." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/208914.

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Ionic diffusion and heat conduction in a multiple layered porous medium have many important engineering applications. One of the examples is the chloride ions from deicers penetrating into concrete structures such as bridge decks. Different overlays can be placed on top of concrete surface to slowdown the chloride penetration. In this paper, the chloride ion diffusion equations were established for concrete structures with multiple layers of protective system. By using Laplace transformation, an analytical solution was developed first for chloride concentration profiles in two-layered system a

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Ellithy, K., A. Gastli, S. Al-Alawi, A. Al-Hinai, and Z. Al-Abri. "Voltage Stability Analysis of Muscat Power System During Summer Weather Conditions." Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 5 (December 1, 2000): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol5iss0pp35-45.

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A systematic and general formulation of a Propagation Simulation Program (PSP) is developed for the coherent field of microwave and millimeter wave carrier signals traversing intermediate layered precipitation media taking into account the random behavior of particle size, orientation, shape and concentration distributions. Based on a rigorous solution of the volumetric multiple-scattering integral equations, the formalism offers the capability of treating the potential transmission impairments on satellite-earth links and radar remote sensing generated by composite atmospheric layers of preci

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Nikitin, Ilya S., Nikolay G. Burago, and Alexander D. Nikitin. "Continuum Model of the Layered Medium with Slippage and Nonlinear Conditions at the Interlayer Boundaries." Solid State Phenomena 258 (December 2016): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.137.

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The equations for layered medium with slippage are obtained using the asymptotic method of homogenization. The terms of second order respectively the small parameter of layer thickness are taken into account. The linear slip condition defines the dependence between the tangential jumps of displacements at the contact boundary and the shear stresses. Such generalized models are needed in the study of static and dynamic deformations of layered rock media. Also these models may be useful for description of composite materials with additional soft sublayers between more rigid layers.

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Obrist, Brigit, Constanze Pfeiffer, and Robert Henley. "Multi‐layered social resilience." Progress in Development Studies 10, no. 4 (2010): 283–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146499340901000402.

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Research on sustainable development tends to focus on risk and vulnerability. This article argues for a shift of emphasis from vulnerability to resilience. It develops a Multi‐layered social resilience framework emphasising the interactions between enabling factors and capacities operating at different levels of society. Enabling factors help to master threats by facilitating access to and transformation of capitals. Capacities lead social actors not only to cope with adverse conditions (reactive) but also to create responses (proactive) that increase competence and thus create pathways for mi

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Sarma, B. Y., and M. M. Mayuram. "Some Studies on Life Prediction of Thermal Sprayed Coatings Under Rolling Contact Conditions." Journal of Tribology 122, no. 3 (1999): 503–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.555393.

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Design of engineering components is concerned with their strength and durability characteristics. While design for strength is influenced by the bulk material characteristics, the design for durability is dependant on the surface characteristics. Majority of the component failures are surface originated. Surface engineering could play a vital role in minimizing such failures. Thermal sprayed coatings, one of the versatile surface coating techniques, can be applied to components of machinery surfaces to avoid such failures. The present paper presents a methodology for contact stress evaluation

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Limkar, Pratiksha, Rutuja Madurwar, Purva Thakare, and D. Dhamale T. "Intelligent Layered Farming." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 4, no. 2 (2019): 665–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2582811.

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Industrialization is the major problem of modern world. So there is very less amount of land available for cultivation. The most prevailing issues of the modern world are food and water crises. It is neither possible to consume the pesticide affected food nor grow once own plants, due to scarcity of water and land. Under such conditions, there arises a need for portable agricultural system which uses less water, space and is purely organic. This can lead to cost effective, sustainable ways of organic farming independent of the need for comparable land space requirement. This system will have l

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Djokovic, Jelena, Ruzica Nikolic, and Katarina Zivkovic. "Interfacial crack behavior in the stationary temperature field conditions." Thermal Science 18, suppl.1 (2014): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci120828113d.

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The brittle coatings, made of different materials, when subjected to elevated temperatures and in the heat exchange conditions, are susceptible to delamination. Those coatings, as well as thin films, can be used for various thermo insulating deposits, e.g. in turbines of thermal power plants., In layers made of different materials, due to the environmental temperature change, thermal stresses appear as a consequence of a difference in their thermal expansion coefficients. In this paper driving forces were analyzed causing delamination of one layer from the other, i.e. the interfacial fracture

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Boyarchenko, O. D., S. V. Kostin, P. M. Krishenik, S. A. Rogachev, and A. E. Sytschev. "Combustion of layered SHS systems: Thermal conditions at the interface." International Journal of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis 24, no. 3 (2015): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1061386215030048.

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Stepanova, L. N., O. B. Belskaya, O. N. Baklanova, A. V. Vasilevich, and V. A. Likholobov. "Optimizing the Conditions of Mechanochemical Synthesis of LiAl Layered Hydroxides." Procedia Engineering 152 (2016): 672–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.07.672.

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Elwick, James. "Layered history: Styles of reasoning as stratified conditions of possibility." Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 43, no. 4 (2012): 619–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2012.07.004.

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Ling, Jie, Shijun Wu, Fanrong Chen, Antonio Simonetti, John T. Shafer, and Thomas E. Albrecht-Schmitt. "Does Iodate Incorporate into Layered Uranyl Phosphates Under Hydrothermal Conditions?" Inorganic Chemistry 48, no. 23 (2009): 10995–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic9011247.

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Borisov, R. V., M. N. Likhatski, S. A. Vorobyev, A. M. Zhizhaev, and E. V. Tomashevich. "Formation of Layered Sulfide–Hydroxide (Valleriite) Materials under Hydrothermal Conditions." Inorganic Materials 60, no. 9 (2024): 1063–73. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0020168524701383.

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Borcha, Mariana, Igor Fodchuk, Mykola Solodkyi, and Marina Baidakova. "Structure diagnostics of heterostructures and multi-layered systems by X-ray multiple diffraction." Journal of Applied Crystallography 50, no. 3 (2017): 722–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576717006574.

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This article presents the results of research on multi-layered heterostructures by a modified calculation technique of multiple X-ray diffraction. The AlxIn1−xSb heterostructure and a Zn(Mn)Se/GaAs(001) multi-layered system were used as models to specify conditions for cases of coincidental coplanar three-beam or coincidental noncoplanar four-beam X-ray diffraction. These conditions provide the means for a high-precision determination of lattice parameters and strain anisotropy in layers.

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Xue, Guoqiang, Dongyang Hou, and Weizhong Qiu. "Identification of Double-layered Water-filled Zones Using TEM: A Case Study in China." Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 23, no. 3 (2018): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/jeeg23.3.297.

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At present in China, the use of the transient electromagnetic method (TEM) is emerging as a leading geophysical technique for exploration of water-filled zones in coal mines. These zones are more conductive than the host coal and are easy targets to map. However, there is a growing interest for the investigations of double-layered or multi-layered mined-out zones. Therefore, it is necessary to study the feasibility of TEM's abilities to detect double-layered, water-filled voids. In this study, the basic hydrogeological conditions of a survey area, located in the northern China, are described.

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Besli, Muenir M., Michael Metzger, Camille Usubelli, et al. "(Invited) Understanding Compatibility of Layered Oxides in Solid State Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 2 (2024): 278. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-022278mtgabs.

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The compatibility (chemical, mechanical and thermal) of Ni Rich layered oxide cathode materials are influential factors that critically affect the performance and durability of solid-state batteries. This presentation will discuss, the chemothermal stability of layered oxides in relevant operating temperatures of polymer solid-state batteries using synchrotron-based absorption spectroscopy. We observe Ni oxidation state change on the surface, subsurface, and in the bulk of layered oxide particles depending on the formulation and operating conditions. In addition, we will also discuss, the impa

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Meyerhof, G. G. "Behaviour of pile foundations under special loading conditions: 1994 R.M. Hardy keynote address." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 32, no. 2 (1995): 204–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t95-024.

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Previous analyses of the ultimate resistance and displacements of rigid piles under lateral loads and moments have been extended to the general case of eccentric and inclined loads on flexible piles by using the concept of effective embedment depths of equivalent rigid piles. Recent research on the behaviour of large model tests on instrumented rigid and flexible piles under eccentric and inclined loads in sand, clay, and layered soil is summarized. Reasonable agreement is found between observed and predicted behaviour. The proposed method of analysis is also supported by comparison with the r

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Saha, N., and B. C. Majumdar. "Stability of oil-lubricated externally pressurized two-layered porous journal bearings: A non-linear transient analysis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 217, no. 3 (2003): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/135065003765714872.

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The present study is an attempt to find the whirl instability of externally pressurized two-layered porous oil journal bearings using a non-linear transient method. This analysis gives the journal centre locus, from which the system stability can be ascertained. Several trajectories of the journal centre have been drawn for different operating conditions. It has been observed that a two-layered porous journal bearing gives higher stability than the conventional (single-layered) porous journal bearing.

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Sujan, D., L. Vincent, and Y. W. Pok. "Themo-mechanical Interfacial Stress Analysis in Electronic Packaging at Different Temperature Conditions: Revisit Author’s Work." MATEC Web of Conferences 202 (2018): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201820201006.

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The study of thermal mismatch induced stresses and their role in mechanical failure is one relevant topic to composite materials, photonic devices and electronic packages. Therefore, an understanding of the nature of the interfacial stresses under different temperature conditions is necessary in order to minimize or eliminate the risk of mechanical failure. An accurate estimate of thermal stresses in the interfaces plays a significant role in the design and reliability studies of microelectronic devices. In the microelectronic industry, from a practical point of view, there is a need for simpl

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Guobys, Remigijus, Vladas Vekteris, and Vadim Moksin. "Experimental evaluation of proposed multi-layered structure fire test methodology." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2020): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci190906231g.

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The paper presents results of numerical simulation and fire tests of multi-layered structures carried out under real fire conditions. It has been shown that fire test carried out according to ISO 834 standard differs from fire test conducted under real fire conditions. A new fire test methodology has been proposed. It is suggested to use real fire temperatures during fire tests to avoid accidents and allow occupants to evacuate the building safely. ISO fire test standard should be improved visibly. Structural solutions to reduce temperatures and temperature deformations of multi-layered struct

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Ike, V.I. "Prediction of Pile Bearing Resistance in Multi-Layered Soil using Optimality Criterion." Nigerian Research Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences 08, no. 01 (2023): pp. 268–276. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8095112.

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<em>This paper discusses the problem of designing a pile foundation in a multi-layered soil that optimizes the buckling load, taking into consideration the stiffness and frictional resistances of the soil strata. The optimality criteria method was applied in the context of Rayleigh’s quotient, and solved for by variational principles with associated boundary conditions. The results revealed the minimum buckling load of the tapered pile on the multi-layered soil, the resultant effect on the elastic boundary condition. A numerical illustration is presented to emphasize the impact of the pi

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Boroński, Dariusz, Maciej Kotyk, and Paweł Maćkowiak. "Crack initiation and growth analysis in explosively welded AA2519–AA1050–Ti6Al4V layered material in ambient and cryogenic conditions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 8 (2017): 1470–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217741516.

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The article presents the results of an analysis of the crack growth and fatigue life of CT specimens made of explosively welded AA2519–AA1050–Ti6Al4V layered material for the construction of air and space structures. The investigations were carried out for two temperature conditions: ambient temperature (293 K) and under cryogenic conditions at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (77 K). The analysis of the test results revealed the impact of cryogenic conditions on the process of fatigue cracking of a layered material. However, this impact is partly limited by a significant scatter of the test

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Tang, Junfeng, Zhuxiang Ma, Dezhou Zhou, et al. "Numerical Modeling of Hydrological Mechanisms and Instability for Multi-Layered Slopes." Water 16, no. 17 (2024): 2422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16172422.

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The process of rainwater infiltration into unsaturated multi-layered slopes is complex, making it extremely difficult to accurately predict slope behaviors. The hydrological mechanisms in multi-layered slopes could be significantly influenced by the varying hydraulic characteristics of different soils, thus influencing slope stability. A numerical model based on Hydrus 2D was constructed to investigate the hydrological mechanisms of multi-layered slopes under different slope inclinations and rainfall intensities. The results revealed hydraulic processes in response to rainfall in unsaturated m

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