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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'LD5655.V855 1994.F586'

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1

Flint, Eric Michael. "Electro-dynamic analysis of stack actuators and active members integrated within truss structures." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12042009-020329/.

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2

Flueckiger, Urs Peter. "Premanufactured housing, or, Living in 6 1/2 ounces of pure architecture." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06082009-170831/.

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3

Flanigan, Katherine Janet. "The warp and weft of Fries, Virginia." Thesis, This resource online, 1998. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08252008-162400/.

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4

Flynn, Timothy M. "Evolutionary biology of the Armillaria mellea species complex." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40131.

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DNA-DNA hybridization experiments were used to examine the genetic variation that has accumulated with the North American Biological Species (NABS) of Armillaria. Forty strains including nine of the ten NABS and A. tabescens were used in this study. The normalized percent hybridization values ranged from 80%-100% similarity within a given biological species and ranged from 30%-85% among the biological species, The NPH data was summarized with UPGMA clustering analysis to give four main clustering groups, two were homogeneous and two were heterogeneous, The first included A. tabescens; the second included A. mellea; the third included A. calvescens, A. gallica, A. sinapina, NABS IX, and NABS X; the fourth included A. gemina and A. ostoyae. One cluster of two A. gallica strains shared greater similarity with NABS X than it had to four other conspecific strains, The NPH data and estimates of genome size (genetic complexity) was analyzed using a stoichiometric approach to calculate equivalents of homologous DNA and low copy repetition frequencies. Reciprocal NPH values did not predict relative genome size as expected, However, as the relative genome size increases, the equivalents of homologous DNA increases in the same proportion. This suggests that as an Armillaria genome increases in total complexity (novel sequences), certain ancestral sequences are duplicated in proportion the increase in total genetic complexity, This interpretation of the data is discussed with respect to interspecific hybridization, diploidy, and chromosomal evolution including alloploidy, aneuploidy, and chromosomal length polymorphisms.<br>Ph. D.
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5

Fleming, Jonathan Paul. "Descendents: Research in Architecture." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35496.

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This thesis investigates the relationships between projects in the form of resistance. The thesis is accompanied by a series of projects that investigate a number of resistances. These resistances spur relationships to other works in progress; descendents. The projects are a testing ground for the ideo-logical content in an architects work. Each project we undertake is a part of a much larger whole that may or may not be a life's work, but is, certainly, an influence in the creation of coherence as we move forth in our practice. This is not to say that everything must look alike, rather it is to keep one involved in the fundamental aspects of a project that may give clues as to what you as an architect stand for. It is itself a resistance to the problems facing us as we attempt to build. Those problems that may begin to bog us down and force us to lose sight of architecture. There are many things on one's plate as a project proceeds, it is not easy to keep focus. The architect must seek aspects that put us into dialogue with those things outside that inevitably influence the specific work at hand. A way of arriving at conclusions that do not confound an architecture. I see it as being analogous to Hertzberger's discussion of warp and weft, a defined structure into which possibilities may be woven creating relationships between the elements of the architecture. This asserts a set of rules that an architect learns how to work with, and even violate. This formulation creates multiple possibilities within and outside a framework of the architect's order. The architect learns to question within the boundaries of his times, and perhaps beyond those bounds with that understanding. He learns what to ask and what not to ask; which resistances offer stimulus and which do not. The work, through time, acts as an analogue to history itself. The designer may then create with a better grasp of the full potentiality of Architecture.<br>Master of Architecture
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6

Flinder, Sharon W. "Distributive and procedural justice: effects of outcomes, inputs and procedures." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40195.

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The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether the separate contributors to procedural and distributive justice also affected the other form of justice. Previous research investigating these cross over effects of justice contributors had not examined inputs in addition to outcomes and procedures, and had typically assumed outcome level to be equivalent to the equitableness of outcomes. Subjects were 120 undergraduate psychology students. Outcomes, inputs and procedures were manipulated in a laboratory experiment in order to assess their independent and combined effects on distributive and procedural justice perceptions. In contrast to past research, the current study found a weak and inconsistent effect of procedures on distributive justice perceptions. Outcome level had a strong effect on both procedural and distributive justice perceptions. In addition, outcome fairness was found to effect procedural justice perceptions. When procedures were fair, the equitableness of outcomes influenced distributive justice ratings. When procedures were unfair, however, the equitableness of outcomes did not influence distributive justice judgements. Implications for procedural justice conceptualizations, equity theory and organizations are discussed.<br>Ph. D.
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7

Finley, Allan Michael. "Application of system dynamics modeling techniques to an existing stream water quality model." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02162010-020040/.

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8

Flynn, Allison. "Transition metals as anti-tumoral agents : some structure-function relationships of the platinum group metals /." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03022010-020016/.

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9

McLamore, Dolores Sherita. "Determination of the relative stereochemistry of adducts resulting from the addition lithium dienolates to Michael acceptors." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43137.

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The addition of the lithium dienolate of ethyl crotonate to 2-cyclopentenone was studied to determine the stereochemical outcome of this Michael addition. Proof of the stereochemistry was provided via the unambiguous synthesis and comparison of ketone 73 from norcamphor 85.<br>Master of Science
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10

Wunder, Steven. "Between Earth and Sky." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36728.

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Architecture lies in the relationship between material and structure, in particular the poetic of constructed form. By poetic, I am referring to, as Kenneth Frampton put it, "the original Greek sense of poesis as an act of making and revealing." Through the dialogue of constructive elements, materials, the making of form and the resolution of structural forces, beauty and meaning arise. "Tectonics" is defined as "pertaining to building or construction in general" especially in reference to architecture. Gottfried Semper went further to use tectonic to define the qualities of making inherent in the constructed act. He broke down types of construction into that of using elements for a framework, such as wood frame construction, and that of using compressive mass to build an enclosure, such as block or stone work. The qualities of these he called "tectonics" and "stereotomics," respectively. Frampton discusses the ontological consequences of these differences: "framework tends towards the aerial and dematerialization of mass, whereas the mass form is telluric, embedding itself deeper in the earth. One tends toward the light and the other toward dark. These gravitational opposites . . . may be said to symbolise the two cosmological opposites to which they aspire; the sky and the earth." Human existence finds itself at the juncture between these opposites. Semper regarded the joint as "the primordial tectonic element" around which all building defines itself. Then in a sense architecture embodies the fundamental way man perceives his existence.<br>Master of Architecture
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11

Guo, Mu. "Amplitude balancing in [tau]-p domain." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40667.

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</p><p>An approach to balance the amplitude of seismic data in the Ï -Ï domain is introduced in this study. The idea of amplitude balancing technique is based on the following observation: In the Ï -Ï domain, direct wave, ground-roll, primary reflection, multiple and refraction arrivals are located at different regions. These regions can be viewed as signal region and noise region. By increasing the amplitudes in the signal region and suppressing the amplitudes in the noise region, so called amplitude balancing in T-Ï domain, the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data can be improved. The Ï -Ï domain amplitude balancing scheme is tested and calibrated on synthetic seismic data using AIMS®' package. The modeled data is also used to illustrate transformation (slant stacking) to and from Ï -Ï domain. The signal-to-noise ratio enhancement using amplitude balancing in Ï -Ï domain is illustrated. This general discussion also includes aliasing effect of slant stack and deconvolution in Ï -Ï domain.</p> <p> After the calibration with syn1hetic data, the amplitude balancing in Ï -Ï domain is applied to real seismic data recorded on the Atlantic Coastal Plain near Richmond, Virginia and Aiken, South Carolina to explore the possibilities of enhancing the quality of seismic data. Processing of synthetic and real data is carried out on VAX 11/785 and Sun Sparc 10 workstation at the Regional Geophysics Laboratory at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University using DISCO@2 seismic data processing package.</p> <p> The results suggest that Ï -Ï domain amplitude balancing can be combined into conventional seismic data processing sequence to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and thus give a better imaged seismic section. Extensive tests carried out indicate that choice of ray parameter range, the degree of amplitude change, are important aspects of the processing in Ï -Ï domain.</p> <p> In this study, a complete data processing was carried out to generate a stack section of NRC line 2 in Virginia while the amplitude balancing in Ï -Ï domain was incorporated into a conventional processing scheme. The Ï -Ï domain processing of NRC line 2 improved the data quality. The signal-to-noise ratio enhancement obtained by the amplitude balancing in Ï -Ï domain led to test the method to improve weak reflections from within the Dunbarton Triassic basin on SRP line 2EXP in South Carolina. After the application of amplitude balancing in Ï -Ï domain, CMP gathers showed enhanced signal-to-noise ratio, although the improvement became almost indiscernible after stack.</p> <p><br>Master of Science
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12

Chen, Ru. "Isolation, structure elucidation and approaches to the partial synthesis of new taxol analogs." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11102009-020316/.

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13

Hoffman, Rhonda M. "Pre-weaning diet and stall weaning method influences on stress response in foals." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40651.

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<p>The response of foals to the stress of weaning was examined in terms of a behavioral protocol and the responses of plasma ascorbate, serun1 cortisol, and the serum cortisol response to an ACTH challenge. Behavior scores (1 to 10) as an index of stress were assigned to each foal daily, with high scores indicating less stress and better adjustment. The experimental plan was a 2 X 2 factorial of pre-weaning diet and stall weaning method. Foals were raised on pasture supplemented with hay and a pelleted concentrate (PHC) or pasture supplemented with hay only (PH). Foals were placed in stalls singly or in pairs for weaning. Gender influences were also examined. The foals exhibited characteristic behavioral and physiological responses to the social dislocative stress of weaning. Behavior scores were lower in paired than in single foals (p = .008) and tended to be lower in PH than PHC foals (p = .15). No differences in post-weaning plasma ascorbate concentrations were found among treatments. Responses of serum cortisol to an ACTH challenge were lower in PH than PHC foals (p = .001) and in paired than single foals (p = .058), and lower responses were taken to represent adrenal depletion arising from stress. Behavior scores were positively correlated with the response of serum cortisol to ACTH. Both behavioral data and the serum cortisol response to ACTH indicate that foals were better able to cope with weaning stress when supplemented with concentrate prior to weaning and when weaned singly.<br>Master of Science
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14

Hurst, Gregory H. "Evaluation of the use of ferrous iron for chlorite removal under alkaline pH conditions." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42148.

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Chlorine dioxide has gained much attention for use as a possible alternative disinfectant in water treatment plants due to concerns regarding trihalomethane formation in drinking waters which utilize chlorine as the primary disinfectant and the strict regulations regarding THM's and THMFP (MCL of 0.080 mg/L for TTHMs) (Pontius, 1993). Although the use of Cl02 as a disinfectant prevents the formation of THM's, concern exists regarding the potential health risks due to the disinfection-by-products of chlorite and chlorate. T<p>he main objective of this project was to study the removal of chlorite by reaction with ferrous iron under elevated pH conditions. The stoichiometry of the reaction was evaluated under the following conditions: solution pH of 6.0 to 10.0, 02(aq) concentration of 0.5 to 10 mg/L, and solution DOC concentrations of 0 to 15 mg/L. Mass balances were conducted to define the speciation of the oxychlorine residuals associated with the reduction of Cl02 by Fe(II).<br>Master of Science
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15

Yoder, Jonna D. "Modified atmosphere packaging of hard grated cheeses." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43806.

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The objective of this study was to use MAP technology to produce safe, shelf-stable, high quality, hard grated cheeses not requiring preservatives or refrigeration during distribution and sale. Initially, a challenge study with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was conducted to determine the water activity (Aw) level of high-moisture cheeses necessary to prevent the growth of a food pathogen when packaged under a modified atmosphere (25% CO, and 75% N,). Other microbial analysis included mold and yeast enumerations. Secondly, product quality and shelf stability were determined biweekly by sensory, microbial, and instrumental analysis to evaluate product safety and changes in the natural aromas and flavors of hard grated cheeses. Instrument color analysis CIE L* a* b* values were determined to measure color changes. Parmesan cheese with high Aw levels (Aw= 0.90 and 0.88) supported the growth and survival of S. aureus. The microorganism was incapable of surviving at Aw levels of 0.86 and below. S. aureus was not able to survive on Romano cheese. Mold and yeast proliferated on higher Aw Parmesan cheeses. Visible mold was detected on the Parmesan sample of Aw= 0.90 after 8 weeks of storage. No mold growth was observed on Romano cheese. However, yeast were capable of growing on Romano cheese. The sensory evaluation study of hard grated cheeses was unable to detect a difference between the fresh cheese sample and the cheeses packaged under MAP.<br>Master of Science
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16

Fillmore, Gary Boyd. "The use of wetlands as a wastewater treatment technique : a literature review /." This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01262010-020113/.

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17

Fleming, Jonathan Lee. "Experimental investigation of the near wall flow structure of a low Reynolds number 3-D turbulent boundary layer." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39120.

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Laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) measurements and hydrogen-bubble flow-visualization techniques were used to examine the near-wall flow structure of 2-D and 3-D turbulent boundary layers (TBLs) over a range of low Reynolds numbers. The goals of this research were (1) an increased understanding of the flow physics in the near wall region of turbulent boundary layers, (2) to observe and quantify differences between 2-D and 3-D TBL flow structures, and (3) to document Reynolds number effects for 3-D TBLs. An ultimate application of this work would be to improve turbulence modeling for 3-D flows. The LDV data have provided results detailing the turbulence structure of the 2-D and 3-D TBLs, as well as low uncertainty skin friction estimates. These results include mean Reynolds stress distributions, flow skewing results, and U and V spectra. Effects of Reynolds number for the 3-D flow were examined when possible. Comparison to results with the same 3-D flow geometry but at a significantly higher Reynolds number provided unique insight into the structure of 3-D TBLs. While the 3-D mean and fluctuating velocities were found to be highly dependent on Reynolds number, a previously defined shear stress parameter was discovered to be invariant with Reynolds number. The hydrogen-bubble technique was used as a flow-visualization tool to examine the near-wall flow structure of 2-D and 3-D TBLs. Both the quantitative and qualitative results displayed larger turbulent fluctuations with more highly concentrated vorticity regions for the 2-D flow. The 2-D low-speed streaky structures experienced greater interaction with the outer region high-momentum fluid than observed for the 3-D flow. The near-wall 3-D flow structures were generally more quiescent. Numerical parameters quantified the observed differences, and characterized the low-speed streak and high-speed sweep events. All observations indicated a more stable near-wall flow structure with less turbulent interactions occurring between the inner and log regions for a 3-D TBL.<br>Ph. D.
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18

Molique, Robert S. "Frictional behavior of polymers : the transition from static to kinetic conditions /." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06162009-063256/.

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19

Nunez, Steven C. "Behavioral, temporal, and spatial relationships in free-ranging female Anolis carolinensis (Sauria: Polychridae)." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06162009-063313/.

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20

Morgan, Steven Craig. "Effects of context on the leniency, accuracy, and utility of self-appraisals of performance : social comparison information and purpose of appraisal /." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06102009-063250/.

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21

Lee, Fang Chi. "An exploratory study of international tourism demand from the selected countries to Taiwan." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06232009-063249/.

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22

Sultan, Michael S. "An analysis of the term structure of interest rates, January 1980-March, 1994." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42235.

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The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the behavior of the term structure of interest rates on a daily basis between January 2, 1980, and March 31, 1994, especially with respect to the synchronization and the relative amplitude of change of different maturities in the term structure. Results reveal a high degree of synchronization of the elements of the yield curve during this period. Volatility was found to vary inversely with maturity during this time. The characteristics seen in the daily term structure of this period are consistent with observations in prior studies, including a study of 1901-1954 annual data by Dr. David I. Meiselman and a study of 1955-1989 monthly data by Maj-Lis A. Voss.<br>Master of Arts
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23

LePera, Stephen Damian. "An experimental study of controlled gas phase synthesis of nanosize TO2 powders." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43439.

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<p>Recently there has been an increased interest in the generation of ceranlic powders composed ofnanosize particles with a narrow size-distribution and high purity. It has been shown that ceramics sintered from these ultrafine partic1es exhibit improved mechanical and electrical properties. The present research has attempted to control the growth of the ceramic particles in a relatively simple continuous flow process by placing charges on the forming particles and controlling their evolution with an electric field.</p> <p> Nanosize Ti0<sub>2</sub> powder was produced using a multi-stream, co-annular reactor. The heat source was a cylindrical H<sub>2</sub>/0<sub>2</sub> diffusion flame located around the outside of reaction zone. The effect on the powder size, shape, and size distribution due to particle charging, applied electric fields, and varying reactant concentrations were investigated.</p> <p> The temperature field within the reaction zone was uniform radially and ramped axially from 600 to 1100 K. The reactant stream passed through a 10 millicurie Po-21 0 alpha source within the burner with the intention of creating a bipolar ion concentration. In the presence of an electric field, this ionization can lead to either a unipolar-negative or unipolar-positive particle charging environnlent. The electric field across the reaction zone was varied in an attempt to control particle residence time.</p><br>Master of Science
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24

Guo, Ting. "Separation of the common-mode and the differential-mode conducted electromagnetic interference noise." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40663.

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One of the difficulties in solving E:MI problems is the lack of diagnostic tools available. In this thesis work, a tool, called Noise Separator, is developed, which can be used to decipher the differential-mode (DM) noise and the common-mode (CM) noise from the total noise. A noise separator hardware is built and tested. The results show that at least 50 dB rejection to either DM or CM noise is achieved for frequency ranging from 10 KHz to 30 MHz. With the aid of the Noise Separator, EMI filter design is made easier.<br>Master of Science
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25

Khan, Ashraf Reza. "Preparation and characterization of lead lanthanum titanate thin films by metalorganic decomposition." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42122.

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<p>There is a critical need for materials with very high dielectric constant to be integrated in the next generation of 64- and 256-Mb ULSI DRAMs. Materials in the Pb-based perovskite family have high relative permittivities and have consequently attracted a world wide attention. Cubic Lead Lanthanum Titanate (PLT) is one of the prime candidates in this respect and its structure and properties in the thin film form were investigated in the present study, for potential application in the ULSI DRAMs.</p> <p>Thin films of Lead Lanthanum Titanate corresponding to 28 atomic percentage of lanthanum were prepared by metalorganic decomposition (MOD) process. Solutions were prepared from lead acetate, lanthanum acetate and titanium iso-propoxide and thin films were then spin-coated from these solutions on PtlTilSi0<sub>2</sub>/Si and sapphire substrates. The films were fabricated from two solutions of different compositions. The composition of the first solution was determined assuming that the incorporation of La<sup>3+</sup> in the PbTi0<sub>3</sub> structure gives rise to A-site or Pb vacancies whereas for the composition of the other solution the creation of B-site or Ti vacancies was assumed. The effect of excess lead on the structure and the properties was also studied for 0% to 20% of excess PbO. The x-ray diffraction patterns of all films at room temperature indicated a cubic structure with lattice constant of 3.92 A. Optical and electrical measurements showed that the films made assuming B-site vacancies had better properties. In general, excess PbO was found to improve the optical as well as the electrical properties of films. However, in films with Bsite vacancies this improvement occurred only up to 5-10% of excess PbO, while higher PbO additions had a deleterious effect. The films had high resistivity, good relative permittivity, low loss, very low leakage current density, and high charge storage density. A type-B film with 10 % excess Pb had a permittivity of 1336 at 100 kHz. It also had a charge storage density at room temperature of around 16.1 μC/cm<sup>2</sup> at a field of 200 kV/cm and no sign of polarization loss or breakdown was observed up to 10<sup>10</sup> cycles under the accelerated degradation breakdown test.</p><br>Master of Science
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26

Holliday, Glenn E. "Supporting design: a computational theory of design and its implementation in a software support tool." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40670.

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Most work in knowledge acquisition and manipulation has focused on expert systems. Expert systems solve one kind of problem: heuristic classification. This thesis extends some advances in knowledge engineering to a broader class of problem: design. <p>Design is examined as a generic activity, found in many fields of professional practice. A theoretical framework is developed that supports the refinement of design from high-level concepts through implementation. This framework includes a computational model that is shown to be completely general (Turing-equivalent). Therefore, the theory and model are suitable for representing any design project. They are applied specifically to software development. <p>Practical support for software designers is offered in a prototype software design system. Existing work in automated knowledge acquisition is used to transfer knowledge about a design from the designer to the automated tool. Consistent support for refinement of design choices at any level of detail makes design a maintainable activity. This opens new possibilities for automated code generation, automated maintenance, and the nlore effective management of software at a higher-level design representation.<br>Master of Science
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27

Kafka, Byran C. "Measurements of in-cylinder heat transfer with inflow-produced turbulence." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41948.

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Heat transfer in cylinder spaces is important to the performance of many reciprocating energy conversion machines, such as gas compressors and Stirling machines. Work over the past 10 years has shown that heat transfer driven by oscillating pressure differs from steady state heat transfer in magnitude and in phase; in-cylinder heat transfer under this oscillating condition can be out of phase with the temperature difference. For studies with closed piston-cylinder gas springs, this heat transfer phase shift has been successfully predicted with the use of a complex Nusselt number; since a complex number has both a magnitude and a phase, a complex Nusselt number can describe the phase shift between temperature and heat transfer. Quasi-steady heat transfer models, such as Newton's Law of Cooling, do not predict this phase shift. <p> This project studied the problem of in-cylinder heat transfer with inflow-produced turbulence. Initial tests were conducted without the generated turbulence; this enabled the researchers to compare the results of this apparatus to previous work. Then, an orifice plate was added to the apparatus to generate simulated inflow-produced turbulence. The tests from this configuration were compared to the previous set, without the turbulence, to see how inflow-produced turbulence affected heat transfer and the heat transfer related cyclic lost work. The complex Nusselt number, which had been used in previous studies to model non-turbulent in-cylinder heat transfer, was applied to the turbulent data as well. <p> The tests conducted without generated turbulence (one space experiments) matched previous results and also extended their range to lower volume ratios and higher oscillating speeds. These tests also demonstrated that an analytical heat transfer model based on low volume ratios (approaching 1.0) was valid over the range from 1 to 2. <p> The tests conducted with the generated turbulence (two space experiments) were compared against the results from the one space experiments. These results indicated that the in-cylinder heat transfer was increased due to the generated turbulence. The magnitude of the complex Nusselt number compared favorably to an analytical model of in-cylinder heat transfer with inflow-produced turbulence.<br>Master of Science
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28

Haney, Orrick Rowland. "Design, performance, and analysis of a multi-level air permeability test." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40664.

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The design, performance, and analysis of a soil vapor extraction system to identify zones most conductive to air transport and quantify kair in sequential soil layers is presented. A multi-level extraction well, with alternating solid and screened sections, was utilized to characterize multi-layered media. The field site, located in the Carolina Slate Belt within the physiographic region known as the Piedmont, is comprised of alternating layers of different soil types of varying kair , including thin bands of clay, silt, and sand. <p>The pneumatic test consisted of one multi-level extraction well and four multi-level pressure monitoring wells. Screen locations were based on previous site characterization. Vapors were extracted at one screen while pressure, temperature, and volumetric flow rate were monitored using a computer data acquisition system. Data was analyzed by both steady-state and transient solution techniques using pressure drawdown versus time data collected at various locations. <p>Results from vapor extraction tests indicate that the multi-level approach is advantageous when dealing with heterogenous media, since the most permeable layer was identified. Transient and steady-state solutions indicate that a k<sub>air</sub>= 2.0 X 10<sup>-7</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> is representative of the located permeable layer within the subsurface. Vacuum system, formation, and extraction well characteristics are evaluated to determine pressure as a function of volumetric flow rate.<br>Master of Science
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29

Koyama, Junji. "Effects of earthquakes on partially-filled water tanks." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43432.

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<p>This thesis is concerned with the effects of earthquakes on partially-filled water tanks. The analysis is applicable to rectangular water tanks, which have received little attention to date. The analysis is relatively involved and includes the derivation of the equations of motion for the vibration of the whole of tank by means of substructure synthesis, a stochastic analysis relating the random ground motion caused by earthquakes to the random vibration of the tank, a stochastic characterization of the fluid pressure and computation of the probability of failure of the tank. <p><br>Master of Science
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30

Black, Kurt D. "An investigation of strategic planning implementation and deployment efforts." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42628.

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Many American organizations have reported dissatisfaction with the results of their strategic planning, TQM, or other large-scale change efforts. Some have even abandoned their efforts all together. According to the literature, the major problem seems to be with implementation and deployment. One of the major obstacles that organizations face in the implementation and deployment phase of their planning effort is the loss of momentum. They seem to get the ball rolling and generate a lot of initial excitement but then after some period of time, the energy level begins to decline. All of the work: that was put in at the beginning seems to get cast aside in order to "get the job done" or to ''fight fires." In an effort to provide American organizations with some recommendations for successful implementation and deployment, this research addressed two questions: (1) What are the "root causes" leading to an organization's strategic planning effort to lose momentum during implementation and deployment, and (2) Does it appear that ''Hoshin'' organizations struggle with these root causes to a lesser degree than "Non-Hoshin" organizations?<br>Master of Science
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31

Taylor, Jesse H. "An application of signature of smooth manifolds." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07292009-090530/.

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32

Renfrow, Joseph A. "A comparison of the use of classical and modern control design techniques for improving the lateral-directional powered approach flying qualities of the F-14 aircraft." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07292009-090506/.

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33

Nair, Rajesh. "On improving parallel pattern single fault propagation for synchronous sequential circuits." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06302009-040508/.

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34

Peters, Diane S. "Impact damage evaluation of high performance polymeric composite material systems." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08222009-040525/.

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35

Yang, Won-Kyung. "The nursing home search and selection process : gender and relationship issues /." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06162009-063521/.

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36

Savens, Barbara. "A greenways approach to resource management : the process of environmental corridor design /." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01242009-063114/.

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37

Shoaf, M. Todd. "Urban in the sky : a vertical transition /." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12052009-020340/.

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38

Wolfe, Kristy L. "Evaluation of plasma sprayed coatings as surface pretreatments for adhesive bonding." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06162009-063427/.

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39

Perdue, James Patrick. "Modeling and simulation of surface mount packages." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07112009-040410/.

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40

Moon, Walter Todd. "A place for anything and nothing." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64024.

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The architectural design process is a cycle of analysis and synthesis which ultimately yields a built structure that responds not only to functional needs but also provides revelations about the world in which we live. Architecture presents a dialogue at different levels and scales, allowing for many interpretations as well as revealing basic truths.<br>Master of Architecture
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41

Daskalakis, Epaminondas. "Building in the shadow of the Acropolis: architecture as a contextual response." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53372.

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"The problem of the contemporary language of Greek architecture still remains ‘unsolved’ and any debate about the contemporary ‘Greek styles’ is a debate about the ideology and culture of today." Christofellis, Alexander, Function and Strategies of Architectural Composition The primary motivating force that led to the realization of this project, was a continuous need I felt to "reconnect" with the physical and spiritual reality of Greece, for this is the place I shall return to and attempt to understand and taste the next step of my life. Throughout the past six years of my studies within the realm of architecture, Greece was standing like a shadow away from the "center of the picture"; mostly referred to as a "historic place" or "the land of Acropolis", it was treated as "a country of the past." My perception of Greece is that of a place which is still very much alive and evolving and my desire was to find a way to communicate these intense feelings. This is the reason I chose to work on a project that takes place in the shadow of the rock of the Acropolis, the symbol of both past and future Greece. The difficulties and dangers of using such a site, became apparent during my visit and subsequent analysis of the context of the area. This thesis has become a stepping stone in my understanding of the architecture of Greece, its forms, its materials, its images, its sunlight...As one can understand, such a project was the "excuse" for something bigger than just the completion of a degree. It signified the acceptance of a new responsibility in terms of understanding and acknowledging the physical and social complexities of the specific region of Greece. I urge the reader to see this thesis not as having an end within itself but rather as an initiative towards the refinement of my perception and the formalization of my position on architecture and architectural thought. Its primary intent was to enable me to explore the fundamental issues and concerns derived from the life, attitudes, climate, context, materials and topography within Old Athens, in the specific region known as Plaka. Therefore, the whole process is just part of a personal search which will continue as I return to Greece and try to evaluate the assumptions, thoughts, criticisms and approach that I assumed.<br>Master of Architecture
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42

Wayne, Sean Patrick. "Architecture by the edge of a lake: an enclosed skating facility for Lake Fairfax Park." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53389.

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The following project is an enclosed ice skating facility located in Fairfax County, Virginia. The Ice Rink will be constructed to support and encourage all phases of skating activity including figure skating, hockey, and year ‘round recreational skating. Because there is only one other enclosed ice skating rink within a 60 mile radius and the demand for ice time at that rink is nearing capacity, the need for another facility is great. During the winter months, there is a diminished number of activities, especially for children. There, the creation of an ice rink becomes not only a catalyst for exercise and enjoyment, but it also provides relaxation and a place to gather and socialize. Fairfax County has already proposed locating a facility in Lake Fairfax Park. The project’s inclusion on the site requires a large number of parking spaces to accommodate ice rink patrons as well as support the existing buildings, future park construction, and other activities that will occur at Lake Fairfax Park. The project is intended to accommodate functions other than those involving ice skating. Included are a large number of offices that will provide space for the Park Authority management. A section of the building, near the main entrance, will act as a visitor’s center and provide information on all park activities and events. Overall, the project will support a variety of recreational activities and events and promote greater interest in Lake Fairfax Park and the surrounding area.<br>Master of Architecture
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43

Page, Hilary Allyn. "A community of houses." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53381.

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This thesis is about the process of discovery. It is a search for an ordered architecture that is faithful to the generating ideas that formed it. It is the creation of an architecture that captures the spirit of the place where it lives. The form of architecture is the manifestation of an idea that satisfies and expresses a need. The purpose of architecture is to inspire and fulfill the spirit. But the true essence of architecture lies beyond appearance. It is an internal quality revealed by what it is, what it represents, and what it contributes to mankind. It is essential to reach beyond merely satisfying the functional requirements of a building to create meaningful architecture. Architecture is born from an idea and success is measured by how well that idea is portrayed. Ideas can be expressed in an infinite number of ways and studying the guiding principles proven throughout history can help to govern and direct a design as it progresses. True architecture results from an uncompromising position about certain ideas and the resulting work reveals the dedication to those ideas.<br>Master of Architecture
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44

Bangia, Anshu. "A city's edge: where the land meets water." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53365.

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The Edge of a City is a philosophical region, where City and Natural Landscape overlap, existing without choice or expectation.' Steven Holl The interaction across boundaries sets up a dialogue that is highly complex and ambiguous. The periphery of a modern city presents itself as an erratic composition of fragments having little or no relationship to the existing fabric of the city. The mediating ground between natural landscape and a built—up environment, the city's edge is an opportunity for a new synthesis of urban life and form. But more often than not it is treated as 'leftover' space with the only reminder of its urbanity being its proximity to the maze of curvilinear superhighways. This 'leftover' edge condition becomes more acute when the natural boundary is water. Ignoring fundamental aspects in designing waterfront environments has resulted in an architecture and urban development that is visually chaotic and disorganized, reflecting a lack of harmony with self and surrounding urban landscape. The development of urban waterfronts has always been one of the ways to enhance the urban environment. Besides contributing to the economic, recreational, cultural and industrial development of the place, the architectural character has always adapted itself to the maritime context maintaining a continuous dialogue between the urban edge and the water. Historically employed as a means of transport and trade, it is only now that the potential of river or sea in relation to waterfront land is being recognized for its recreational and cultural aspects. Decreasing waterborne cargo and passenger travel has left a large section of waterfronts unused or underused. It is the effective and appropriate reuse of these sites that poses a challenge towards urban land use, and establishment of an identity, and environmental quality of a city.<br>Master of Architecture
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45

Wang, Feng. "Molecular composites of a conducting polymer: syntheses and characterization of poly(1,4-phenylenevinylene)-crown ether rotaxanes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45061.

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Polyrotaxanes, a new class of polymer architectures, so called molecular composites, are comprised of macrocycles threaded by linear backbones with no covalent bond between them. By using poly(1,4-phenylenevinylene) (PPV), one of the most promising conductive polymers, as the linear backbone and different sizes of crown ethers (42C14, 60C20) as macrocycles, molecular composites of the conducting polymer were generated To compare with the PPV rotaxanes, PPV was synthesized and characterized by NMR, IR, UV-vis, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and TGA. The molecular weight of this polymer was measured by low angle laser light scattering. The poly(1,4-phenylenevinylene) rotaxanes were isolated by dialysis and solid-liquid extraction. They were also characterized by TGA, IR, UV-vis, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and solid state ¹³C NMR from which the mass contents of the crown ethers were calculated. The conductivities of the PPV rotaxanes were measured by the four-probe method. The conductivities of PPV42C14 rotaxane and PPV60C20 rotaxane were found to be 1.06x10⁻⁵ S/cm and 2.0x10⁻⁹ S/cm, respectively, after doping with concentrated sulfuric acid. The photoluminescence spectra of PPV rotaxanes showed different chemical shift and intensity from that of the PPV.<br>Master of Science
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46

Sterner, Jeanne J. "A school of modern dance in the city of Berlin." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41983.

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47

Scott, Keith A. "4 urban houses." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41385.

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48

Dempsey, Craig Thomas. "Design, fabrication, and calibration of an instrumented drop weight impact tester." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10062009-020330/.

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49

Dysart, Marc James. "Development and validation of a posture prediction algorithm." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10312009-020410/.

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50

Dhuru, Shilpa H. "The use of three-dimensional computer-generated models for design presentations : implications for kitchen showroom displays /." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12052009-020311/.

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