Academic literature on the topic 'LD5655.V856 1987.D662'

The problems of declining enrollments and shrinking resources seem particularly acute for baccalaureate schools of nursing. In a study of responses to these and other problems, deans of five types of baccalaureate nursing schools described how they collected and channeled information as they developed strategies to ensure the future of their programs. A questionnaire was sent to the deans of 344 baccalaureate schools of nursing. Forty-two percent of the deans returned the questionnaire. A follow-up study of 30% of the nonrespondents produced an inadequate return and did not permit comparison of respondents and nonrespondents. The data were summarized using frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations. Relationships were examined with one-way analyses of variance and Pearson correlation coefficients. The most commonly perceived factors impacting each type of school, the types of information sought for each factor, the ways information was channeled, the actions taken regarding each factor, and potential future actions were reported. Two one-way analyses of variance found no differences ∝= .05) among the types of schools in (a) the total amount of impact on the school of all the factors and (b) the total amount of influence over these factors felt by the dean of the school. Pearson correlation coefficients for total impact and the number of years the dean had been in office and total influence and the number of years the dean had been in office were not large enough to be statistically significant ∝= .05). Suggestions for research included studies of the information-processing and decision-making strategies of deans and comparative studies of information-processing and decision-making in schools of nursing and schools in other academic areas.<br>Ed. D.<br>incomplete_metadata

It is known that the physical properties of as-processed liquid crystalline polymers are highly dependent on the thermal and deformation histories of the materials experienced. The purpose of this study has been to examine the effect of thermal history on the rheology and morphological texture for several thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers. These include two copolyesters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid and polyethylene terephthalate and a copolymer of para-hydroxy benzoic acid and 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid. For all three systems, it was found that the viscosities at temperatures below the normal flow temperatures were reduced as a result of preheating. Furthermore, these polymers were able to flow at temperatures as much - as 50°C below their normal flow temperatures if preheated and cooled rapidly. Also found was that it took a few minutes for the viscosities of the preheated samples to recover to a higher level at which the flow was ceased, during this period the materials were processable. These behaviors were attributed to the supercooling of the nematic state formed at preheating temperatures. This was supported by the lack of transition peaks in DSC traces obtained under the same cooling history as that in the Rheometric Mechanical Spectrometer. In the cold die extrusion experiment, a skin/core structure was observed for most extrudates. The thickness of the skin layer was directly related to the orientation and tensile properties of the extrudate. The thicker the skin layer was, the better the orientation and tensile properties were. The thickness of the skin layer was also found to increase with the extrusion speed. However, the orientation was only limited to the skin layer with the core region was relatively unoriented. For the lubricated squeezing flow experiments, the newly designed device worked satisfactory and predicted the relationship that the transient biaxial extensional viscosities are very close to six times the transient shear viscosities for polystyrene at small strains. Loss of lubrication occurred at fairly low strains, 0.3 to 0.4, was the limit of this method. For all three liquid crystalline polymers, the transient biaxial extensional viscosity was found to decrease with the increase in squeezing rate and no steady state was reached. Yield stresses were observed for liquid crystalline polymers under the squeezing jump strain deformation and the magnitude of these yield stresses were of the order of several hundreds Pa. The existence of yield stresses could be due to the presence of some structure in the sample which prevented the stress from relaxing to zero. The constant stress lubricated squeezing flow method has been proved to not be suitable for estimating the biaxial extensional viscosity of liquid crystalline polymers because the constant slope region for the creep curve was too short and it was difficult to determine the extension rate accurately. Under a heavy stress of 70368 Pa and proper cooling, it was possible to generate some fibrous structure in the squeezed sample.<br>Ph. D.

The recent increase in utility research has provided improved methods for estimating the standard deviation of performance in dollars. Subjective estimates of an individual's overall worth to the organization allow the utility of various organizational interventions to be evaluated. However, this research does little to illuminate the dimensions underlying supervisory judgments of utility. The recent increase in utility research has provided improved methods for estimating the standard deviation of performance in dollars. Subjective estimates of an individual's overall worth to the organization allow the utility of various organizational interventions to be evaluated. However, this research does little to illuminate the dimensions underlying supervisory judgments of utility. The policies underlying judgments of overall worth were captured to a substantial degree, with cross-validated R² values ranging from .46 to .69. A unit weighting scheme was applied to the six predictors, resulting in r² values that exceeded the cross-validated R² derived from regression analyses. This substantial predictability of utility judgments provided the capacity to generalize utility information from a sample of jobs to the population of interest. Analyses comparing validity-based and utility-based clustering schemes explored the degree of convergence between the two approaches to classifying jobs. These analyses indicated that there was some overlap, with validity information being useful in establishing broad categories of jobs associated with similar utility-relevant attributes. At the same time, these analyses demonstrated that the two approaches were not equivalent. Implications of this research are discussed, and several possible directions for future research are noted. It is suggested that such policy capturing procedures can enhance our understanding of judgments of overall worth, and expand the knowledge base upon which organizational decisions are made.<br>Ph. D.

The panel method is reviewed, in which linear polynomials are used to approximate the vorticity distribution on the surface of a body. Two new panel methods are developed, in which quadratic and cubic polynomials are used in an attempt to make the derivative of the velocity continuous along the surface of the body. But the results are not better than those obtained by choosing the linear polynomials as the interpolations. After the three interpolation schemes are critically evaluated, numerical examples, based on the linear scheme, are presented to illustrate some applications of the method. The flow around an airfoil in a wind tunnel is calculated, the separation of the laminar boundary layer is determined by solving the boundary-layer equations with a finite-difference scheme, and the stability of the boundary layer is investigated. It is found that the walls of the wind tunnel do not affect the separation and stability of the boundary layer significantly. Finally, the interaction of a fee vortex core with an airfoil near the ground is modeled. When the free vortex core passes the airfoil along a lower trajectory the airfoil experiences a very large thrust and suction. When along a upper trajectory, the lift and drag vary in a much smaller range. No significant effect of the ground on the airfoil is observed.<br>M.S.

This historical study examined the educational dimensions of the Citizen's Clearinghouse for Hazardous Wastes from 1981-1995. Its role as an agent of adult education in the grassroots movement for environmental justice was demonstrated by tracing the movement from the toxic waste disaster at Love Canal, New York and focusing on the role of Lois Gibbs as a leader in the movement. The conceptual framework for the study was built upon interdisciplinary work in the fields of adult education, sociology, and educational history. The study examined the mission, belief systems, processes and strategies of learning and information dissemination by the Clearinghouse during three periods: 1981-1986, during which the organization was formed and began to develop a mission and belief system; the 1987-1991 period when CCHW experienced enormous growth and began to exert its power nationally with campaigns such as the McToxics Campaign. It was also during this period that CCHW began the process of working toward a unified grassroots environmental justice movement; and the period from 1992-1995 which marked the beginning of CCHW's second decade of existence and in which CCHW conducted an in-depth organizational assessment. Organizing and technical assistance were found to be the primary vehicles of learning. Publications and site visits were powerful dissemination mechanisms used to assist citizens in their struggles against corporations and government authorities. Secondly, citizens who remained active in the environmental justice movement often took on broader roles such as organizing regional citizen groups. The study found that women composed nearly eighty percent of the leaders in the movement. Reasons for involvement varied, but most women became involved initially out of fear for theirs or a loved one's health. Conclusions drawn indicate that learning occurred through everyday experiences and empowered citizens to take direct action in their communities. Secondly CCHW emerged as a powerful national political force due to its ability to maintain its mission of continuously listening and meeting the needs of its grassroots constituents.<br>Ph. D.

Several recent experiments have suggested that high versus low esteem persons differ in the extent to which they use interpersonal behaviors to cope with negative feedback from others. In particular, it has been suggested that low self-esteem persons attempt to enhance themselves in public but not privately whereas this difference does not exist for high self-esteem persons. The present study tested a proposed model of interpersonal reactions to performance feedback. The model was investigated through two experimental designs. Design la examined high self-esteem (HSE) and low self-esteem (LSE) subordinate's reactions to positive and negative performance feedback in a public versus private settings. Design is examined whether information about the subordinate's reactions affected the supervisor's ratings of the subordinate. Overall, the proposed model gained some empirical support. The prediction that LSE subordinates would engage in self presentational behaviors as a means of self-enhancement was partially supported in the positive feedback conditions, but not in the negative feedback conditions. As predicted, HSE subordinates showed no differences in reactions obtained in the public versus private setting, and as predicted, showed no increases in resultant esteem. The most striking support for the model comes from the correspondence between subordinate's reactions and subsequent supervisor ratings of the subordinate. This relationship emerged only when the supervisor had knowledge of the subordinate's reactions. The longer term effects of subordinates' reactions to feedback are discussed in reference to subordinate participation in performance appraisal meetings.<br>Master of Science

Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate Tetranychus urticae Koch dispersal response to fenvalerate and permethrin. A petri dish spider mite trap which allows the partitioning of the dispersal response into spindown and walkoff categories was developed. Fenvalerate induced the more severe dispersal response. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate Tetranychus urticae oviposition site selection in response to residues of fenvalerate and permethrin, at two levels of residue deposition. When pyrethroid-free leaf surface was available, nearly all eggs were found on the untreated surface, away from the pyrethroid residues. When pyrethroid-free leaf surface was not available, a substantial number of eggs were found suspended by silk threads above the treated surface. The results were found to be in agreement with the general pyrethroid avoidance hypothesis. A series of greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate Tetranychus urticae oviposition response following impingement, and contact with residues of fenvalerate and permethrin. In all instances the pyrethroids were found to reduce the number of eggs oviposited. Mites recovered after several days, and oviposition returned to normal. The results did not lend support to the hormoligosis hypothesis of insecticide induced mite outbreaks. Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate Tetranychus urticae oviposition response, over time, to soybeans which have received an application of fenvalerate of permethrin. The pyrethroids did not alter the soybeans in a way which improved the quality of the plant as a resource for increased levels of spider mite oviposition.<br>Master of Science<br>incomplete_metadata

During the 1982-83 school year, public school districts in North Carolina were given the option of using clinical supervision as part of a state-wide performance appraisal process. This option resulted in considerable variation in the implementation and institutionalization of clinical supervision in schools and provided the opportunity to study variables associated with the institutionalization of change in school systems. Berman’s (1981) implementation paradigm was used to identify and categorize predictors of institutionalization. A set of five variables was selected as having the best potential for accounting for the variation in institutionalization of clinical supervision in the public schools of North Carolina. 1. Principal’s perception of the amount of time required to perform one clinical supervision cycle. 2. Amount of internal support for clinical supervision. 3. Amount of training in clinical supervision. 4. Principal’s belief in the effectiveness of clinical supervision. 5. Type of school administered. A <u>Principal’s Survey</u> was developed and mailed to a random sample of 450 public school principals in North Carolina. Information was received from 288 principals (64%). A follow-up survey of nonrespondents verified the representativeness of the original respondents. Principals responding to the follow-up survey were added to the original respondents for a total sample of 300 principals (67%). Multiple regression analysis was applied to the data with institutionalization as the dependent variable. The multiple R was .30 and R² was .09 (F = 4.03, p < .00). Internal support was the only significant predictor of institutionalization (b = .20, t = 3.62, p < .05). Two demographic variables, age and sex, were added to the multiple regression as a side analysis. With these 4 variables added, an R² of .10 was obtained (F = 3.37, p < .001). Age was determined to be a statistically significant predictor of institutionalization (b = -.06, t = -2.48, p < .05).<br>Ed. D.<br>incomplete_metadata

Metamictization and complex chemistry are major obstacles to the crystal chemical characterization of natural allanites. To overcome these problems, allanites, Ca(REE)Fe²+Al₂Si₃O₁₂(OH), where REE = La, La-Ce, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Er, Dy, Yb and Y have been synthesized hydrothermally from unbuffered and buffered oxide mixes at 500 to 650°C, 5.5 kbar (550 MPa), and 700 to 725°C, 4 kbar (400 MPa). Although allanite is readily synthesized, high yields are obtained only for allanite-(LREE) compositions, and end"member composition is obtained only for allanite-(La). Er and Yb ions are too small to substitute at the A(2) site in allanite, but a small amount can substitute at the VI~coordinated M(3) site. Fe²+ in the M(3) site favors LREE substitution, which supports the contention that allanite is Ce'selective.<br>Ph. D.