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Journal articles on the topic 'LDH-Cytotoxicity-Assay'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Sasaki, T., K. Kawai, K. Saijo-Kurita, and T. Ohno. "Detergent cytotoxicity: simplified assay of cytolysis by measuring LDH activity." Toxicology in Vitro 6, no. 5 (1992): 451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0887-2333(92)90052-s.

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Małaczewska, Joanna, and Andrzej Krzysztof Siwicki. "Commercial Metal-Based Nanocolloids - Evaluation of Cytotoxicity." Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 59, no. 1 (2015): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bvip-2015-0017.

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Abstract The purpose of the study was to determine the cytotoxicity of commercial silver, gold, and copper nanocolloids towards two established cell lines (NIH/3T3 and GMK) and primary chick embryo cell culture (CECC), using routine colorimetric assays: MTT, NRU, and LDH, which enable a preliminary evaluation of the mechanism of cytotoxic effect of the tested substances. The MTT assay evaluates the activity of mitochondria, NRU assay reveals the damage to lysosomes, while LDH assay shows injuries to the cytoplasmic membrane. The NRU assay proved to be non-applicable to the tested nanocolloids,

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3

Vidya, P. V., and K. C. Chitra. "Induction of Cytotoxicity by Selected Nanoparticles in Chinese Hamster Ovary-K1 Cells." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 5, no. 2 (2017): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v5i2.17619.

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The aim of the present study is to analyze the cytotoxicity of selected nanoparticles on Chinese Hamster Ovary-K1 (CHO-K1) cells using methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Four different metal oxide nanoparticles namely silicon dioxide (SiO2-NPs, 1 nm), aluminium oxide (Al2O3-NPs, 16.7 nm), titanium dioxide (TiO2-NPs, 11.4 nm) and iron oxide (Fe3O4-NPs, 15.65 nm) were exposed to CHO-K1 cells at 25, 50, 75 and 100 µg/ml concentrations for 24 h maintaining the control group. The percentage of cell viability using methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay showed sign

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Pawlak, Justyna, Agata Trzcionka, Anna Mertas, Arkadiusz Dziedzic, Tomasz Hildebrandt, and Marta Tanasiewicz. "The Cytotoxicity Assessment of Novel Formulation Developed to Reduce Dentin Hypersensitivity Utilizing Dehydrogenase Assay." Coatings 11, no. 2 (2021): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11020217.

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The problem of real treatment of teeth hypersensitivity is still important and unsolved. The main goal of the experiment was to calculate the possible toxic effects on the fibroblasts cells CCL-1™ (NCTC clone 929) caused by original preparation to reduce tooth surfaces’ hypersensitivity, compared to the marketable preparation Seal & Protect (Dentsply). The assessment was made through measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH assay). Lactate dehydrogenase releases from the cell’s cytoplasm to the culture medium as a result of cell membrane damage and lysis of the cells. The measurement is based

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Süloğlu, Aysun Kılıç, Elif Karacaoğlu, Evrim Arzu Koçkaya, Güldeniz Selmanoğlu, and Elif Loğoglu. "Cytotoxic Effects of a Novel Thialo Benzene Derivative 2,4-Dithiophenoxy-1-iodo-4-bromobenzene (C18H12S2IBr) in L929 Cells." International Journal of Toxicology 33, no. 4 (2014): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581814530437.

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The aim of this study was to compare the cytotoxic effects of a newly synthesized thialo benzene derivative 2,4-dithiophenoxy-1-iodo-4-bromobenzene (C18H12S2IBr) and a well-known antifungal agent, fluconazole, in L929 cells. L929 cells were treated with 250, 500, or 1000 µg/mL of C18H12S2IBr and with the same doses of fluconazole. Cytotoxicity tests including 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, and protein content were compared. Glucose and lactate concentrations were measured to determine alterations in metabolic activity.

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Wang, Gang, Jianping Zhang, Abiche H. Dewilde, et al. "Understanding and correcting for carbon nanotube interferences with a commercial LDH cytotoxicity assay." Toxicology 299, no. 2-3 (2012): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2012.05.012.

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Milek, Michal, Dana Marcinčáková, Tomáš Csank, et al. "Real-time monitoring of cadmium toxicity in rabbit kidney cells." Acta Veterinaria Brno 84, no. 4 (2015): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201584040351.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effect of the metal salt cadmium chloride dihydrate on the rabbit kidney cell line using the xCELLigence system or real-time cell analyser (RTCA), and to compare this relatively new method with standard biological cytotoxicity assays. This system provides real-time monitoring of cell behaviour and proliferative activity during the whole time of experiment. Moreover, after 24 h exposure of cells to cadmium, colorimetric 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-difenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was used to measure the metabolic activity and cytotox

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8

Abd-Elhakim, Yasmina M., Samah R. Khalil, Ashraf Awad, and Laila Y. AL-Ayadhi. "Combined Cytogenotoxic Effects of Bee Venom and Bleomycin on Rat Lymphocytes: AnIn VitroStudy." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/173903.

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This study was carried out to determine the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of bee venom (BV) and/or the chemotherapeutic agent bleomycin (BLM) on healthy isolated rat lymphocytes utilizing morphometric and molecular techniques. Using the Ficoll-Histopaque density gradient centrifugation technique, lymphocytes were isolated, divided into groups, and subjected to BV and/or BLM at incubation medium concentrations of 10 or 20 μg/mL respectively for 24 and 72 hrs. An MTT assay and fluorescent microscopy examinations were used to assess the cytotoxic effects. To determine the predominant type of BV

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Radko, Lidia, Maria Minta, and Sylwia Stypuła-Trębas. "Differential toxicities of albendazole and its two main metabolites to Balb/c 3T3, HepG2, and FaO lines and rat hepatocytes." Journal of Veterinary Research 60, no. 4 (2016): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2016-0073.

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Abstract Introduction: The cytotoxicity of anthelmintic agent, albendazole (ABZ) and its two major metabolites, sulfoxide (ABZSO) and sulfone (ABZ-SO2), on non-hepatic Balb/c 3T3 line, two hepatoma cell lines (FaO, HepG2), and isolated rat hepatocytes was investigated. Material and Methods: Cell cultures were exposed for 24, 48, and 72 h to eight concentrations of the compounds ranging from 0.05 to 100 μg/mL (ABZ) and from 0.78 to 100 μg/mL (ABZ-SO and ABZ-SO2). Three different assays were applied in which various biochemical endpoints were assessed: lysosomal activity - neutral red uptake (NR

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Chen, Gongsen, Xin Leng, Juyuan Luo, et al. "In Vitro Toxicity Study of a Porous Iron(III) Metal‒Organic Framework." Molecules 24, no. 7 (2019): 1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071211.

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A MIL series metal‒organic framework (MOF), MIL-100(Fe), was successfully synthesized at the nanoscale and fully characterized by TEM, TGA, XRD, FTIR, DLS, and BET. A toxicological assessment was performed using two different cell lines: human normal liver cells (HL-7702) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). In vitro cytotoxicity of MIL-100(Fe) was evaluated by the MTT assay, LDH releasing rate assay, DAPI staining, and annexin V/PI double staining assay. The safe dose of MIL-100(Fe) was 80 μg/mL. It exhibited good biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, and high cell survival rate (HL-7702 cells

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Chen, Zhi-Yu, Chuan Liu, Yong-hui Lu, et al. "Cadmium Exposure Enhances Bisphenol A-Induced Genotoxicity through 8-Oxoguanine-DNA Glycosylase-1 OGG1 Inhibition in NIH3T3 Fibroblast Cells." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 39, no. 3 (2016): 961–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000447804.

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Background: Both cadmium (Cd) and bisphenol A (BPA) are commonly encountered in humans' daily activities, but their combined genotoxic effects remain unclear. Methods: In the present study, we exposed a mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line (NIH3T3) to Cd for 24 h, followed by a 24 h BPA exposure to evaluate toxicity. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by viability with CCK-8 assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured by 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). And DNA damage was measured by 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), phosphoryl

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12

Papadiamantis, Anastasios G., Jaak Jänes, Evangelos Voyiatzis, et al. "Predicting Cytotoxicity of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Isalos Analytics Platform." Nanomaterials 10, no. 10 (2020): 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10102017.

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A literature curated dataset containing 24 distinct metal oxide (MexOy) nanoparticles (NPs), including 15 physicochemical, structural and assay-related descriptors, was enriched with 62 atomistic computational descriptors and exploited to produce a robust and validated in silico model for prediction of NP cytotoxicity. The model can be used to predict the cytotoxicity (cell viability) of MexOy NPs based on the colorimetric lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay and the luminometric adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay, both of which quantify irreversible cell membrane damage. Out of the 77 total desc

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Reddy, Anreddy Rama Narsimha, and Srividya Lonkala. "In vitro evaluation of copper oxide nanoparticle-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress using human embryonic kidney cells." Toxicology and Industrial Health 35, no. 2 (2019): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233718819371.

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This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by the copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) in human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK-293) cells following exposure. CuO NPs size <50 nm were used in this study. HEK-293 cell cultures were exposed to different concentrations of CuO NPs between 3 µg/ml and 300 µg/ml and quartz (known as cytotoxic agent) and assessed for cell viability-mitochondrial function (MTT assay), cell membrane damage (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay), reduced glutathione (GSH), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and lipid peroxidation levels. The

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Yan, Lu, Shu Zhang, Chao Zeng, et al. "Cytotoxicity of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Human Ocular Cells." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.32.

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In this paper, we report the first study on cytotoxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and theirs derivatives with human ocular cells, such as ARPE-19 cells. In particular, we have systematically investigated the cytotoxicity of SWCNTs, hydroxyl-functionalized SWCNTs (SWCNT-OH), and carboxylic functionalized SWCNTs (SWCNT-COOH) with ARPE-19 cells by examining their influence on the cell morphology, viability, oxidative stress, membrane integrity and apoptosis. To this end, various methods, including optical micrography, CCK-8 assay, LDH assay, SOD assay, TEM and Apoptosis assay, h

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Park, K. W., E. J. Kim, K. M. Choi, et al. "184 INHIBITION OF HUMAN COMPLEMENT-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY IN MINIPIG CELLS BY EXPRESSION OF hCD59." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, no. 1 (2008): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv20n1ab184.

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Xenotransplantation of a pig organ to a human is a possible solution for the shortage of donor organs for transplantation. However, hyperacute rejection (HAR) due to natural antibodies (Nab) present major obstacle in pig-to-human xenotransplantation. To overcome this, much effort has been dedicated to preparing transgenic pigs that express human complement regulatory proteins (CRPs). One of CRPs, the human CD59 gene, can prevent the terminal polymerization of the membrane attack complex by complement. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of hCD59 on complement-mediated cytotoxi

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16

Gao, Jing, Xue Shun Yuan, Yu Wang, Lin Cao, Peng Yu Dong, and Bao Cheng Cao. "In Vitro Cytotoxic Studies of Ultrafine TiO₂/Graphene Oxide Sheet Nanocomposites in Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells." Advanced Materials Research 1051 (October 2014): 353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1051.353.

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The novel TiO2/graphene sheet (TiO2/GSs) nanocomposites were synthesized using graphene oxide sheets and TiCl3. All target composites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray electron diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy dispersive X-ray spectra (EDX), and the surface areas were tested with the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. We studied the cytotoxicity of TiO2/GSs nanoparticles on A549 cells by examining the influence of TiO2/GSs on cell morphology and viability by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. We also determined memb

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17

Sasaki, T., and T. Ohno. "Cytotoxicity tests on eye drop preparations by LDH release assay in human cultured cell lines." Toxicology in Vitro 8, no. 5 (1994): 1113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0887-2333(94)90252-6.

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18

Vijayakumar, S., and S. Ganesan. "In VitroCytotoxicity Assay on Gold Nanoparticles with Different Stabilizing Agents." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/734398.

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Noble gold nanoparticles (AuNps) are generally nontoxic due to their inert nature. The gold nanoparticles are easily tagged with various proteins and biomolecules rich in aminoacid leading to important biomedical applications including targeted drug delivery, cellular imaging, and biosensing. In this study, three cytotoxicity detection assays 3-(4,5-dimethylthiozol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), neutral red cell, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) on gold nanoparticles stabilized with citrate, starch, and gum arabic are used. The assays used are based on different mode of detection

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Hwang, I., JW Lee, JS Kim, HW Gil, HY Song, and SY Hong. "Surfactant toxicity in a case of (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) acetic acid herbicide intoxication." Human & Experimental Toxicology 34, no. 8 (2014): 848–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327114559612.

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Objective: Self-poisoning with (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) acetic acid (MCPA) is a common reason for presentation to hospitals, especially in some Asian countries. We encountered a case of a 76-year-old woman who experienced unconsciousness, shock and respiratory failure after ingesting 100 mL MCPA herbicide. We determined whether the surfactant in the formulation was the chemical responsible for the toxic symptom in this patient. Design: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assays were performed on human

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Wang, Honggang, Beverly Word, Lascelles Lyn-Cook, Maocheng Yang, George Hammons, and Beverly Lyn-Cook. "Cytotoxicity of Chronic Exposure to 4 Cigarette Smoke Condensates in 2 Cell Lines." International Journal of Toxicology 34, no. 2 (2015): 182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581815574349.

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Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death. The cytotoxicity of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC), the particulate fraction of cigarette smoke without the vapor phase, has mostly been tested in short-term in vitro studies lasting from a few hours to a few days. Here, we assessed the toxicity of CSCs from 2 reference cigarettes, 3R4F and CM6, using a primary human small airway epithelial (PSAE) cell line by quantifying adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxy-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS), total glutathione (reduced glutathione

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Vande Vannet, Bart Maurice Rene Antoine, and Jean Louis Hanssens. "Cytotoxicity of Two Bonding Adhesives Assessed by Three-Dimensional Cell Culture." Angle Orthodontist 77, no. 4 (2007): 716–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/052706-212.1.

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Abstract Objective: To determine the toxicity of orthodontic adhesives assessed on in vitro three-dimensional reconstructed human oral epithelium (RHOE). Materials and Methods: Two adhesive primers, Transbond XT (3M, Monrovia, Calif) and Excite (Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), were tested. After topical exposure, the cell cultures were fixed, cut, and stained for light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Detection of cytotoxicity by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was performed. Toxicity was assessed by evaluating the morphological changes with LM and T

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Chang, Chih-Yang, Chen-Yu Chiang, Yun-Wei Chiang, et al. "Toxic Effects of Urethane Dimethacrylate on Macrophages Through Caspase Activation, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation." Polymers 12, no. 6 (2020): 1398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12061398.

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Urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) is a dimethacrylate-based resin monomer that can react with other related monomers and inorganic particles, causing hydrophobic polymerization through cross-linking upon light activation. UDMA polymers are commonly used for the reconstruction and reinforcement of teeth and bones. UDMA can become unbound and be released from light-cured polymer resins. Thus far, no evidence exists on the toxic effects of UDMA and its related working mechanisms for macrophages. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the cytotoxicity, mode of cell death, DNA damage, caspas

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Kottalanka, Ravi K., Eswar Pagadala, Shiva K. Loke, S. Rex Jeya Rajkumar, Venkatesan Srinivasadesikan, and Balajee Ramchandran. "Biological Evolution of Titanium(IV) Complex [{(NNO)2Ti}3O3] Bearing Bidentate Heteroditopic Schiff Base Ligand: Synthesis, Structure and Biological Studies." Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 2 (2019): 441–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22464.

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Titanium(IV)-complex of chemical composition [{(NNO)2Ti}3O3] (2) bearing bidentate heteroditopic Schiff base [(C5H4OH)-N=CH-C4H3-NH] (L1) ligand in titanium coordination sphere was reported and its biological significance was evaluated. The in vitro cytotoxicity of L1 and 2 were evaluated by using MTT assay on cancer cell lines (MCF-7 & A549) and observed significant cytotoxicity. Further, the LDH and NO assay studies on both L1 and 2 on cancer cell lines revealed that the enhanced cytotoxicity compared to standard anticancer drug i.e. cisplatin. The DNA binding studies of tested compounds

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Yuan, Yu-Guo, He-Qing Cai, Jia-Lin Wang, et al. "Graphene Oxide–Silver Nanoparticle Nanocomposites Induce Oxidative Stress and Aberrant Methylation in Caprine Fetal Fibroblast Cells." Cells 10, no. 3 (2021): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10030682.

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Graphene oxide–silver nanoparticle (GO-AgNPs) nanocomposites have drawn much attention for their potential in biomedical uses. However, the potential toxicity of GO-AgNPs in animals and humans remains unknown, particularly in the developing fetus. Here, we reported the GO-AgNP-mediated cytotoxicity and epigenetic alteration status in caprine fetal fibroblast cells (CFFCs). In brief, the proliferation and apoptosis rate of GO-AgNP-treated CFFCs (4 and 8 µg/mL of GO-AgNPs) were measured using the cell-counting kit (CCK-8) assay and the annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) assay, respectively. In addi

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Konjević, G., V. Jurišić, and I. Spužić. "Corrections to the original lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay for the evaluation of NK cell cytotoxicity." Journal of Immunological Methods 200, no. 1-2 (1997): 199–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1759(96)00194-9.

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Li, Dezhi, Zelong Dou, Yahong Wu, Yuanming Qi, Junhui Chen, and Yanfeng Gao. "Identification of Novel Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitopes of Drug- Resistance Related Protein InhA from Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Protein & Peptide Letters 27, no. 11 (2020): 1141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866527666200505215346.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), especially the drug-resistant MTB, poses serious challenges to human healthcare worldwide. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play a vital role in immune defense against MTB. Objective: To identify novel CTL epitopes that could induce cellular immunity against MTB infections. Methods: The HLA-A*0201 restricted CTL epitopes of the drug-resistant protein InhA from MTB were predicted by online algorisms and synthesized by the Fmoc solid phase method. The candidate peptides were used to induce CTLs from human peripheral blood mo

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Karadeniz, Bulent, Zeynep Ulker, and Lokman Alpsoy. "Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of storax in vitro." Toxicology and Industrial Health 29, no. 2 (2011): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233711428642.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the storax balsam, which is a kind of sweet gum obtained from the Liquidambar orientalis Mill trees, on cell viability, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human lymphocyte in vitro. We studied the genotoxic effects of the extract of storax balsam (SE) using sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test system. Also the cytotoxic and inhibitory effects on cell proliferation of SE were evaluated using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay and cell proliferation (WST-1) assay. The SCE frequency was increased when the cells were treated with 1.6 and 4.0 µg/m

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Vijayan, Venugopal, Krishnan Shalini, V. Yugesvaran, Teh Hui Yee, Siventhiran Balakrishnan, and Vasanth Raj Palanimuthu. "Effect of Paclitaxel-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles on MDA-MB Type Cell Lines: Apoptosis and Cytotoxicity Studies." Current Pharmaceutical Design 24, no. 28 (2018): 3366–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666180903110301.

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Background: Triple-Negative Breast Cancer is an aggressive type of breast cancer, which is not treatable by chemotherapy drugs, due to the lack of Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR) expression and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) on the cell surface. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of paclitaxel loaded PLGA nanoparticle (PTX-NPs) on the cytotoxicity and apoptosis of the different MDA-MB type of cell lines. Method: PTX-NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation method and characterized earlier. The cytotoxicity of PTX-NPs was evaluated by MT

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Ponsoda, Xavier, Ramiro Jover, José Vicente Castell, and María José Gómez-Lechón. "Measurement of intracellular LDH activity in 96-well cultures: A rapid and automated assay for cytotoxicity studies." Journal of Tissue Culture Methods 13, no. 1 (1991): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02388199.

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Jasińska, Ewa, Agnieszka Bogut, Agnieszka Magryś, and Alina Olender. "Evaluation of the role of staphylococci in the pathomechanism of conjunctivitis." International Ophthalmology 41, no. 7 (2021): 2585–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-01818-w.

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Abstract Purpose Determination of the association between ica genes and phenotypic biofilm formation in staphylococcal isolates involved in conjunctivitis, their antibiotic resistance as well as detection of selected virulence characteristics: adhesion to epithelial cells and in vitro cytotoxicity. Methods The study included 26 Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and 26 Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) isolates. The presence of icaAD genes and ica operon was determined by the PCR assay. Phenotypic biofilm formation was verified using the microtitre plate assay. Antibiotic resistance was performed using

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Cornells, Marleen, Charlotte Dupont, and Jacques Wepierre. "In Vitro Cytotoxicity Tests on Cultured Human Skin Fibroblasts to Predict the Irritation Potential of Surfactants." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 19, no. 3 (1991): 324–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299101900306.

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A comparative study of the cytotoxicity of 17 surfactants was performed in vitro on cultured human skin fibroblasts to predict their irritation potential under different experimental conditions: test media, presence of proteins, various times of exposure (2–72 hours), and evaluation methods. For cytotoxicity, the tetrazolium MTT assay after exposure for 2 hours in Hank's medium (HBSS) seemed to be more sensitive than protein and LDH leakage tests. Cytotoxicities in HBSS and in minimum Eagle's medium (MEM) were very similar. Addition of 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) to MEM decreased the cytotoxici

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Kadan, Sleman, Bashar Saad, Yoel Sasson, and Hilal Zaid. "In VitroEvaluations of Cytotoxicity of Eight Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants and Their Effect on GLUT4 Translocation." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/549345.

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Despite the enormous achievements in conventional medicine, herbal-based medicines are still a common practice for the treatment of diabetes.Trigonella foenum-graecum,Atriplex halimus,Olea europaea,Urtica dioica,Allium sativum,Allium cepa,Nigella sativa, andCinnamomum cassiaare strongly recommended in the Greco-Arab and Islamic medicine for the treatment and prevention of diabetes. Cytotoxicity (MTT and LDH assays) of the plant extracts was assessed using cells from the liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) and cells from the rat L6 muscle cell line. The effects of the plant extract

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Wang, Xinhua, Chengpeng Wan, Xiaoxia Feng, Fuyan Zhao, and Huiming Wang. "In Vivo and In Vitro Analyses of Titanium-Hydroxyapatite Functionally Graded Material for Dental Implants." BioMed Research International 2021 (April 30, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8859945.

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Purpose. The stress shielding effect caused due to the mechanical mismatch between the solid titanium and the surrounding bone tissue warrants the utilization of a mechanically and biologically compatible material such as the titanium-hydroxyapatite (Ti-HA) functionally graded material (FGM) for dental implants. This study is aimed at fabricating a Ti-HA FGM with superior mechanical and biological properties for dental implantation. Materials and Methods. We fabricated a Ti-HA FGM with different Ti volume fractions (VFs) using HA and Ti powders. Ti-HA was characterized by studying its mechanic

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Skaanild, Mette Tingleff, and Jørgen Clausen. "The Use of Human Lymphocytes for the In Vitro Estimation of Acute Toxicity of Ten Chemicals from the MEIC List." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 19, no. 2 (1991): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299101900206.

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The acute cytotoxicity of ten chemicals included in the MEIC (multicentre evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity) list has already been estimated in various cell lines, e.g. primary rat hepatocytes, HeLa cells, human hepatoma cells, and 3T3 and mouse fibroma cells. In the present study, primary cultures of human lymphocytes, with or without an S9-mix (microsomes), were used to assay for in vitro toxicity. The cultured cells were initially treated with different concentrations of the respective drugs for 24 hours. Then cellular enzymatic activity was estimated using two assay systems, namely, meas

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Konishi, Eiji, Yoko Kitai, and Takashi Kondo. "Utilization of Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity To Measure Low Levels of Antibodies: Application to Nonstructural Protein 1 in a Model of Japanese Encephalitis Virus." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 15, no. 1 (2007): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00347-07.

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ABSTRACT Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and related assays are representative of methods currently used for antibody tests. However, they occasionally produce nonspecific reactions, thus making it difficult to reliably measure low levels of specific antibodies. To find a test method that minimizes nonspecific reactions, we introduced the principle of antibody-mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) into an antibody assay. The procedure has three steps: (i) the mixing of test samples with a suspension of cells expressing the antigen of interest on their surfaces, (ii) the ad

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Ayyad, Seif-Eldin N., Rihab Angawy, Alarif, Esraa A. Saqer, and Farid A. Badria. "Cytotoxic Polyacetylenes from the Red Sea Sponge Siphonochalina siphonella." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 69, no. 3-4 (2014): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/znc.2013-0088.

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Two new polyacetylenes, callyspongenol-D (1) and callyspongendiol (2), the known polyacetylene dehydrosiphonochalynol (3), and the known triterpenoid sipholenol-A (4) were isolated from the Red Sea sponge Siphonochalina siphonella. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds towards the human mammary carcinoma cell line MCF-7 was determined by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, and compounds 4 and 1 were found to be the most toxic of the four, with IC50 values of 8.8 and 11:7 mM, respectively.

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DONG, SHUPING, ANJALI A. HIRANI, KATELYN R. COLACINO, YONG WOO LEE, and MAREN ROMAN. "CYTOTOXICITY AND CELLULAR UPTAKE OF CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS." Nano LIFE 02, no. 03 (2012): 1241006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793984412410061.

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There is growing evidence that filamentous nanoparticles offer advantages over spherical ones in drug delivery applications. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential of rod-like, plant-derived cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) for nanomedical uses. Besides a nonspherical morphology, their facile bioconjugation, surface hydrophilicity and small size render CNCs promising drug carriers. The cytotoxicity of CNCs against nine different cell lines (HBMEC, bEnd.3, RAW 264.7, MCF-10A, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, KB, PC-3 and C6) was determined by MTT and LDH assay. CNCs showed no cytotoxic effec

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Et al., Al-Saeedi. "Stimulation of Macrophage Cells Against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Using Silver Nanoparticles." Baghdad Science Journal 16, no. 2 (2019): 0299. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.16.2.0299.

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a disease caused by Leishmania tropica parasite. Current treatments for this parasite are undesirable because of their toxicity, resistance, and high cost. Macrophages are key players against pathogens. Nitric oxide (NO), a molecule produce by immune cells, controls intracellular killing of pathogens during infection. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) demonstrated broad-spectrum activity against various types of infectious diseases. It has the ability to stimulate oxygen species production. This study aims to analyze the macrophages activation through NO production and e

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Et al., Al-Saeedi. "Stimulation of Macrophage Cells Against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Using Silver Nanoparticles." Baghdad Science Journal 16, no. 2 (2019): 0299. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2019.16.2.0299.

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a disease caused by Leishmania tropica parasite. Current treatments for this parasite are undesirable because of their toxicity, resistance, and high cost. Macrophages are key players against pathogens. Nitric oxide (NO), a molecule produce by immune cells, controls intracellular killing of pathogens during infection. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) demonstrated broad-spectrum activity against various types of infectious diseases. It has the ability to stimulate oxygen species production. This study aims to analyze the macrophages activation through NO production and e

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Redlak, Maria J., Miranda S. Dennis, and Thomas A. Miller. "Apoptosis is a major mechanism of deoxycholate-induced gastric mucosal cell death." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 285, no. 5 (2003): G870—G879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00330.2002.

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This study was undertaken to determine whether necrosis or apoptosis was the predominant mechanism responsible for gastric mucosal cellular death using the cell line known as AGS cells. Cells were exposed to various concentrations of deoxycholate (DC; 50–500 μM) for periods ranging from 30 min to 24 h. Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was used as a marker for necrotic cell death, whereas apoptosis was characterized by 4′,6-diamidino-2 phenylindole staining, DNA gel electrophoresis, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay and DNA-histone-associated complex formatio

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Seidenstuecker, Michael, Julia Weber, Sergio H. Latorre, et al. "Alendronate Release from UHMWPE-Based Biomaterials in Relation to Particle Size of the GUR Powder for Manufacturing." Materials 12, no. 11 (2019): 1832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12111832.

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Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is widely used in endoprosthetics and has been the subject of countless studies. This project investigates the dependence of alendronate (AL) release on the molecular weight of the UHMWPE used (GUR1020 and GUR1050). A 0.5 wt% AL was added to the UHMWPE during the production of the moldings. In addition to the 14-day release tests, biocompatibility tests such as live dead assay, cell proliferation assay (WST) and Lactate dehydrogenase test (LDH) with MG-63 cells as well as a tensile test according to DIN EN ISO 527 were carried out. The released

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Fayyazbakhsh, Fateme, Mehran Solati-Hashjin, M. A. Shokrgozar, et al. "Biological Evaluation of a Novel Tissue Engineering Scaffold of Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs)." Key Engineering Materials 493-494 (October 2011): 902–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.493-494.902.

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Bone Tissue Engineering (BTE) composed of three main parts: scaffold, cells and signaling factors. Several materials and composites are suggested as a scaffold for BTE. Biocompatibility is one of the most important property of a BTE scaffold. In this work synthesis of a novel nanocomposite including layered double hydroxides (LDH) and gelatin is carried out and its biological properties were studied. The co-precipitation (pH=11) method was used to prepare the LDH powder, using calcium nitrate, Magesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate salts as starting materials. The resulted precipitates were dri

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Shang, Yu, Lan Lan Fan, and Ling Zhang. "Cytotoxicity and Genotoxic Effects of Organic Extracts from Traffic-Related Particulate Matter in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 686–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.686.

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Traffic-related particulate matter (PM) is associated with adverse cardiovascular effects. However, the direct impact of the traffic-related PM on the cytotoxicity and genotoxic damage in vascular endothelial cells is less well known. The aim of the present study is to assess whether exposure to the organic extracts of traffic related-PM (oTRP) can induce cytotoxicity, DNA damage and oxidative stress in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The cell viability was determined by MTT assay after treatment with oTRP for 24 h. The injury of the cell plasma membrane was evaluated by te

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Bollo, E., L. Ceppa, E. Cornaglia, C. Nebbia, B. Biolatti, and M. Dacasto. "Triphenyltin acetate toxicity : a biochemical and ultrastructural study on mouse thymocytes." Human & Experimental Toxicology 15, no. 3 (1996): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719601500306.

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1 Triphenyltin acetate (TPTA) has been shown to exert in vivo a selective toxic effect on the immune system. To assess in vitro possible alterations induced by TPTA exposure, primary cultures of mouse thymocytes were incubated up to 24 h with graded amounts (1-12 μM) ofthe organotin. 2 The cytotoxic activity has been evaluated with the MTT colorimetric assay, the neutral red (NR) assay and the lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) cellular release. Cell pellets were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde, resin-embedded and ultrathin sections were observed through transmission electron microscopy. 3 After 2 h of

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Kumaravel, Mohankumar, Pajaniradje Sankar, Periyasamy Latha, Chellakan S. Benson, and Rajagopalan Rukkumani. "Antiproliferative Effects of an Analog of Curcumin in Hep-2 cells: A Comparative Study with Curcumin." Natural Product Communications 8, no. 2 (2013): 1934578X1300800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1300800213.

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Curcumin, the major active principle of Curcuma longa, is one of the promising, plant-derived, chemopreventive agents being studied for its anticarcinogenic and antioxidant properties. Hence, in our study, we aimed at testing the antiproliferative efficacy of an o-hydroxyl substituted analog of curcumin, bis demethoxy curcumin analog (BDMC-A), and comparing its efficacy with that of curcumin. BDMC-A was synthesised with a yield of 78% and 98% purity. Hep-2 cells and the MTT cell viability assay were used to examine cell proliferation. LDH assay and cell counts were performed to assess the cyto

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Lee, Sueun, Young Hye Seo, Jun Ho Song, et al. "Neuroprotective Effect of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis’ Water Extract on Trimethyltin-Induced Seizures and Hippocampal Neurodegeneration." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 2 (2021): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020679.

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This study aimed to investigate whether the Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (PB)’ water extract (PBWE) ameliorates trimethyltin (TMT)-induced seizures and hippocampal neurodegeneration. To investigate the potential neuroprotective effect of the PBWE in vitro, a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay was conducted in TMT-treated primary cultures of mouse hippocampal neurons. In TMT-treated adult C57BL/6 mice, behavioral and histopathological changes were evaluated by seizure scoring and Fluoro-Jade C staining, respectively. In our in vitro assay, we observed that pretreating mice hippocampal neuron

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Akanda, Md Rashedunnabi, In-Shik Kim, Dongchoon Ahn, et al. "In Vivo and In Vitro Hepatoprotective Effects of Geranium koreanum Methanolic Extract via Downregulation of MAPK/Caspase-3 Pathway." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8137627.

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Geranium koreanum (GK) is an indigenous Chinese herbal medicine widely used for the treatment of various inflammation and liver disorders. However, the exact mechanism of action of GK remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and related molecular mechanism of GK on NaAsO2-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells and liver damage in mice. The cytoprotective role of GK was assessed on HepG2 cells using MTT assay. Oxidative stress and lactate dehydrogenase levels were measured with ROS and LDH assay. Histopathology and serum enzymes levels were estimated. The molecular me

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Ursini, Cinzia Lucia, Delia Cavallo, Anna Maria Fresegna, et al. "Study of Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Hydroxyl-Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on Human Pulmonary Cells." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/815979.

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Chemical functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) increases their solubility, dispersion, and biological applications. Since there are only a few studies on the toxicity of functionalized MWCNTs, we investigated the cytotoxic and genotoxic-oxidative effects of OH-functionalized MWCNTs on human lung epithelial cells (A549) in order to obtain information on their biological effects. We exposed the cells to 10, 20, 40, and 100 μg/mL of commercial MWCNT-OH for 24 h. Cytotoxicity was then evaluated as the reduction in cell viability, membrane damage, and apoptosis, assessed by MTT

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Gu, Qiang, Elvis Cuevas, Syed F. Ali, et al. "An Alternative In Vitro Method for Examining Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity." International Journal of Toxicology 38, no. 5 (2019): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581819859267.

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Conventional in vitro assays are often used as initial screens to identify potential toxic effects of nanoparticles (NPs). However, many NPs have shown interference with conventional in vitro assays, resulting in either false-positive or -negative outcomes. Here, we report an alternative method for the in vitro assessment of NP-induced cytotoxicity utilizing Fluoro-Jade C (FJ-C). To provide proof of concept and initial validation data, Ag-NPs and Au-NPs were tested in 3 different cell cultures including rat brain microvessel endothelial cells, mouse neural stem cells, and the human SH-SY5Y cel

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Harputluoglu, H., and D. Taştekin. "Medical Plants Oils and Extracts Are an Antiproliferative Agent for Cancer Cells." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 223s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.90200.

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Medical plants are consumed fresh, dried or decocted in herbal tea and they containing various products such as alkaloids have healing activity of folkloric remedy. The topic of this study was to assessment pharmacological activity, cell cytotoxicity and morphologic alteration of valuable oils and extracts from certain plants used traditionally in Anatolia. The antiproliferative activity for all natural products was conducted following the European Pharmacopoeia 8.0 protocol. According to this protocol, we investigated these natural products for in vitro antiproliferative activity against HeLa

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