Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Le mensonge'
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Moreau, Daniel. "Paradoxes du mensonge." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57878.pdf.
Full textMoreau, Daniel. "Paradoxes du mensonge." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/40664.
Full textCapet, Philippe. "Logique du mensonge." Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030007.
Full textThis thesis aims to analyse lying in its different components and to pinpoint all the necessary and sufficient conditions for a statement to be considered a lie. In examining the factors determining what is lying, the point of view adopted here is strictly logical, not moral or psychological. As a result of this examination, a number of definitions of lying are devised and then refined. In parallel, this study of lying and its gradual formalisation are utilised to illustrate the nature of the logical systems traditionally describing each of its components, as well as to underline some loopholes in those systems and suggest amendments. The resulting definition is then implemented on contentious, paradoxical or extreme cases of lying in order to harness its discriminating power among them
Gagnon, Daniel. "Le mensonge des mots." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9981.
Full textComert, Alev. "Les infractions consommées par le mensonge." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0352/document.
Full textLying is a fact of life. Both religion and morality condemn lying as a sign of treason against the universal moral rules common to all societies. All judgements and all laws must rely on truth. Legal rules, inspired by religious and moral rules, repress the use of lies. Applying the principles of this subject, however, criminal law only represses lies that specifically harm society or individuals. Lies are only punished if their use facilitates actions prohibited by penal law. The intervention of the legislator is justified and legitimate to ensure public order and protect the social values essential for the functioning of society. The following research aims to show the (proven) violations committed by the act of lying. Penal law considers lies a deviation from the truth that manifests itself in a number of ways and does not have a precise definition. In criminal matters, inaccuracy is not the most crucial aspect –lies are by definition necessarily instances of intentional deception. This study aims to identify the criteria applied for the punishment of lying in cases of violations of the law that resort to an alteration of the truth with fraudulent intent. Reading the criminal code, we see that a large number of violations are based on lies. According to the penal law principles, the punishment of lying must be based on specific and objective criteria only. Reforms and substantial transformations throw uncertainties upon the traditionally accepted demarcations of punishable lies, which perpetuates the problem. The components of these violations are affected by major transformations, which leads to unclear determination of punishment. Juriceprudence confirms this tendency and shows certain flexibility during the characterisation of what constitutes a lie
Rabec, Aurélie. "Le mensonge dans la tragédie grecque." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN1683.
Full textThis study identifies all the lies present in the works of the Greek tragedians, Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides, to highlight the richness of this resource dramatic. The typology used allows us to classify lies according to the intention of the person who uses them and identify the different forms it can take. Furthermore, it sets out the work of playwrights: the transformation effected from the epic material as well as the treatment and outcome of this spring dramatic among these three authors. In a second part, we then focus more specifically on the scenic representation of lies. A character can use his appearance to deceive, sometimes it takes a certain attitude for lying to accredit its. But the one hand, these devices do not concern all liars, and secondly, they are not the essence of falsehood. Indeed, it is the language and its many resources used by all the characters who lie. Most often, the poets show the lie of character: thus, a complicity between the character liar, the chorus and spectators is created around the victim to deceive and generates a spectator enjoyment which has become omniscient. The tragedy is the place of killing. Playwrights have therefore introduced as lying in their works because it allowed them to kill the victim lie. Our last part outlines the links between the lie and death to highlight the evolution emerges: the use of lies to kill a victim has been replaced by the use of lies to avoid death
Boucher-Ducass, Anne-Sophie Mayaux Luc. "Le mensonge en droit de la filiation." Lyon : Université Lyon 3, 2005. http://thesesbrain.univ-lyon3.fr/sdx/theses/lyon3/2001/boucherducass_as.
Full textBoucher-Ducass, Anne-Sophie. "Le mensonge en droit de la filiation." Lyon 3, 2001. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2001_in_boucher_ducass_a.pdf.
Full textZivala-Leredde, Vassiliki. "Le mensonge dans l'oeuvre romanesque d'Alphonse Daudet." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10021.
Full textBiland, Claudine. "Comportement non verbal et mensonge, recherches expérimentales." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10038.
Full textBakoua, Batangouna Bernardin. "Le mensonge en droit penal des affaires." Rennes 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989REN11026.
Full textThe falsehood incrimination in business law is construct around two ideas: - making sure the correct and loyal execution of obligation (contractual and legal), - protecting the public faith. Because of varied forms of falsehood positive law adopt an impressive repressive plan of action, distinguished by a vast number of deceptive offences having in common the particularity to sanction frauds. It is not a matter of sanctionating the error of this one who is making a mistake but rather the falsehood of this one who deceive. The moral element play a preponderant part in the deceptive offences. But beyond their subjective appearance, the lawmaker take into account the economic incidence of these falsehood so that, his moralizing action really rest on a feeling of justice and equity
Delmas, Hugues. "Expressions faciales et mensonges factuels : évaluation des croyances et identification des expressions produites lors d’un mensonge à forte charge cognitive." Thesis, Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080036.
Full textTwo factors increase the lie detection performance: (a) identify and decrease false beliefsand (b) increase behavioral differences between liars and truth-tellers. These factors were studiedin relation to facial expressions of deception in this doctoral dissertation.The present work questioned (a) The most important beliefs about facial expressions ofdeception throught the use of a photographic questionnaire (b) The influence of professionalexperience, stakes of lie (serious or trivial) and the lying behavior evaluated (his own or that ofothers) (c) The relevance of facial expressions’ intensity to detect lies in an reverse orderinstruction which was used to magnify behavioral differences (cognitive load approach).Our results highlighted many new beliefs. Seven of them were very shared by people andconsistent with the stereotypical view of the liar. Beliefs were little infuenced by professionalexperience, the stakes of lie and the evaluated behavior. The reverse order instruction amplifieddifferences between liars and truth-tellers; and the intensity of facial movements was a relevantmeasure for detecting deception. Application of our research is discussed
Gambetti, Zeynep. "Mensonge et politique : Les enjeux de la visibilité." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070115.
Full textThe main aim of this thesis is to arrive at an understanding of the relationship between politics and the phenomenenon of the lie, although from the point of view of society and not from that of the liar. The ethical definition of the lie cannot serve as a satisfactory instrument with which to approach the issue under consideration. Political ethics and theological morality are not always compatible. Moreover, the lie is a form of human communication, and as such always relative to the context in which it is used. The political problem of the lie deals with the establishment of facts. The concept of the lie must be reformulated to take into account various semantic conventions and political aims, the context, and the relationship between speaker and audience. It is then possible to establish three political paradigms of the lie (sophism, the modern state of totalitarianism) with respect to the nature of the political sphere involved. The visibility of facts depends, on the one hand on the formal or structural aspects of the political sphere, on the other hand on the diversity of modes of thinking and acting in a given society. Under conditions of unobstructed visibility (the example of the Greek city-state), the lie is relative to the ambiguity of the human world and to the necessary discursivity of opinion formation. Under conditions of limited visibility (the modern sate), the lie is relative to contradictions inherent in the separation of state from society. The political lie is a function of the practice of administering the society, of bureaucratical secrecy and the fragmentation of the social sphere. The total absence of visibility (as in the case of totalitarian regimes) leads to the totalitarianization of the lie such that it becomes impossible to stabilize facts. The totalitarianization of the lie also signals the eclipse of politics while the latter is what gives society its form to signification
Mancas, Magdalena Silvia. "Pour une esthétique du mensonge nouvelle autobiographie et postmodernisme." Frankfurt, M. Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien Lang, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1000499170/04.
Full textMancas, Magdalena Silvia. "Pour une esthétique du mensonge : nouvelle autobiographie et postmodernisme." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20018.
Full textStrömwall, Leif A. "Deception detection : moderating factors and accuracy /." Göteborg : Göteborg university, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39985519t.
Full textGoedert-Masuy, Véronique Chouvier Bernard. "Les mensonges en clinique pédopsychiatrique le symptôme de Pinocchio, enfant seul /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2003. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2003/goedert_v.
Full textGoedert-Masuy, Véronique. "Les mensonges en clinique pédopsychiatrique : le symptôme de Pinocchio, enfant seul." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/goedert_v.
Full textThis study deals with lies which, in childhood, used in a repetitive way, attack the intersubjective links. Two different kinds of lies are to be distinguished inside two types of psychic attitude: the preoedipal Pinocchio liesʺ, and the oedipal secret liesʺ. The theoretical field defines the topographical localisation of lies. From the dynamic and economic point of view, they objectify an intense conflict between the ego, the super-ego and the ego ideal, with the persistance of points of anal fixation, inside of an oedipal conflictuality which is more or less elaborate. However, be they oedipal or not, they always seem linked to a dissatisfying experience during a process of disillusionment. The final part of this study focalises on the Pinocchio lies which question a transgenerationnal narcissistic wound, while the conclusion of this research proposes to consider the use of lies as a means of repearing this wound, but also remaining in all-mightiness archai͏̈c personal experience in order to escape a reality which is threatening
Duran, Geoffrey. "Compréhension, Emotion, et Attention, une nouvelle approche à détecter le mensonge." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2090/document.
Full textWe are all so familiar with the notions of deception and lie detection. We readily admit that lying is not morally acceptable. Lying has always been a moral problem. For example, Aristotle said that "falsehood is in itself mean and culpable" or Kant regarded the truth as "unconditional duty which holds in all circumstances.” Machiavelli has taken a different position by praising deceit in the service of self. After having been a moral and legal problem for millennia, the question of lies and their detection has become a question of research for about sixty years. How do people deceive others? How are people likely to believe the lies of others? Are they able to detect when someone is lying to them? And if yes, how? Why are people fooled? These questions are still relevant, and this thesis is part of the continuity of research on the detection of lies, in the context of detection without a specialized instrument.Scientific publications from the literature on the human capacity to detect lies are pessimistic and show that individuals rarely do better than chance. If explanations have been made, many questions still persist, such as the influence of certain aspects of personality and cognition on the ability to detect lies. We have conducted several experimental studies to answer some of the questions. All of our results suggest that personality traits associated with sensitivity to the emotions of others interfere with the capacity to detect lies. Our results show, for the first time, that cognitive functions, such as recognition of prosody, attentional processes and discourse comprehension, are involved in the detection of lies. Finally, this thesis also examined whether aspects of personality and cognition influence the detection ability of police officers (French Gendarmes)
Fromonot, Jacqueline. "Figures du mensonge dans le roman victorien de 1847 à 1896." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040079.
Full textIn the Victorian novel, deception is a characteristic feature of the make-believe world of snobs and upstarts, denounced, or even caricatured by Thackeray ('Vanity Fair') and Dickens ('Our Mutual Friend'). .
Abida, Dorra. "Le mensonge, son expression dans la littérature médiévale (XIIe – XIIIe siècles)." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040173.
Full textWhen we evoke "lying", it is very difficult to deviate from the attitude inspired by religion. Lying is categorically forbidden by the Biblical text as well as by the men of the church. Nevertheless, in the medieval literature, falsehood is presented as the heroes' privilege. Though lying as they breathe, the latter win the narrator's favour. In spite of the gravity of this sin, lying is constantly present in the life of these heroes through multiple shapes. The truth, then, becomes transformed, distorted, and concealed. The heroes seem to be talented in the art of speaking and are magnified thanks to a portrait that turns them into some exceptional beings. The choice of terms is very revealing. Such terms as "mentir" and "mençoigne" are generally replaced by others that attenuate them and give them a certain legitimacy. But how can we talk about legitimacy in a world guided by religion ? The narrator vainly tries to applaud the heroes' cunning ; but he cannot forget that liars have to be penalised for their lies. Falsehood, thus, benefits from a status that makes it advocated and devalued at the same time. Devalued since it does not go with a society severely impregnated with a religious tonality. And privileged because it reflects a certain degree of intelligence and a limitless know-how. Constructing his arguments coherently, watching his style, finding the appropriate figures and an apt turn of phrase, speaking distinctly and lively is the mission of the liar who seeks not to be just but rather effective
Allione, Julien. "Construction et validation d'un protocole visant à améliorer la détection du mensonge : une démarche de psychologie expérimentale appliquée." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20102.
Full textIn the last decades, research assessing the veracity of suspects statements, witnesses and alleged victims has become of great importance in eyewitness testimony scientifique literature. Indeed, statements are given a crucial role in eyewitness evidence. However, detecting a wrong statement is a difficult task, Several researches highlighted the inaccuracy for detecting false statement. Experimental studies tried to propose relevant cues to detect liar behaviour. Studies looking into verbal cues are a lot more promising than thoes interested in non-verbal cues. Two approaches analyzing principally written transcriptions of oral statements are currently subject to a lot of attention. One is the Criteria-Based Content Analysis (Steller and Köhnken, 1989) and the other is the Reality Monitoring (Johnson and Raye, 1989). Unfortunately, thoses approaches present few weakness. The first step of our research program consisted in extracting the most relevant verbal cues. In the same time, we tried to increase the criteria efficiency, using particular interviewing procedures. Then, we have submited the extracted cues to law offenders, in order to know if on the basis of transcription, those cues could allow better scoring in detecting sincere or untruthful testimonies. Finally, we tested if our approach would still be effective without having to retranscribe statements. The results show an improvment in detecting sincere to untruthfull testimonies
Ouedraogo, Clarisse. "Le mensonge dans l'escroquerie : l'exemple de la France et du Burkina Faso." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON10042.
Full textTHERE IS NO SWINDLE without LYING ; BUT EVERY LYING DOESN'T CONSTITUTE NECESAIRELY A SWINDLE. ONLY THE AGGRAVATED LYING CAN BE CONSIDERED AS A SWINDLE, WHEN IT IS SO PERSUASIVE TO CHEAT SOMEONE WHO IS NORMALLY CAREFUL LYING CAN BE PERSUASIVE IN TWO WAYS : FIRST, WHEN IT'S ABOUT AN INTRINSIC CREDIBLE ELEMENT, LYING ONLY IS SUFFICIENT TO BE CONSIDERED AS A SWINDLE. THEN, WHEN IT'S ABOUT AN ELEMENT withouT ANY CREDIBILITY, THE LYING MUST GO WITH ANOTHER ACTS; EXAMPLE, PRESENTATING DOCUMENTS, INTERVENTION OF ANOTHER PERSON, OR ATHERS MACHINATIONS WHICH MAKE LYING CREDIBLE. LAW IN BURKINA FASO AND LAW IN FRANCE HAVE SOME LIKENESSES WHEN CONSIDER THE TEXTS; BUT SOMES DIFFERENCES CAN BE FOUND IN THE APPLICATION OF THE SAME TEXTS BY JURIDICTIONS IN THESE COUNTRIES
Demichel, Sophie. "Fonction du mensonge dans la pensée : modalités du sujet de la falsification." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082405.
Full textThe concept of lying is immediatly set as a negative concept, or ever a incarnation of radical bad action ; the history of all philosophy confirms that the fact of lying can be identified as a radical sin. However, the fact oh lying acts over is misundestanding, can succed against the suspicion it claims. As a production of effects, it is able to preserve , in this way, a form of resistance against a sort of lack of veridicty. The fact is not to “ legitimate ” nor “ inhibate ” lying words, but to delimitate that action as a apropriate modality of human being while he is actually living. Telling there is lying as a current possibility to make up a way of living means that there is actually a exception from the law of veridicity in the possible construction of subjective category. To lie is, in this way, a pure fiction, which means that any definition of a subject depends on a situation, no any nature, and affirms in fact ther is no verity except a “ act verity ”, or ever a verity valid within the hability of resist againts any way of lying, in a particular situation
Bouriche, Boumédienne. "Indices non verbaux de réussite et d'échec dans la communication du mensonge." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10055.
Full textKkona, Christina. "Le désir ou l'art du mensonge dans "A la recherche du temps perdu"." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070013.
Full textFrom the first lie, that of the hero to his mother, to the lie which marks the end of his relationship with Albertine, the tricks played by Odette with Swann, the lies of the young ladies of Montjouvain, of Charlus and Morel, everything occurs in A la Recherche as if the lie, as a language of otherness, implies generates a semantic level which escapes the liar as well as the investigator. This level is based on the double meaning of the word invention: at the same time creation and discovery. Storytelling encourages the author of the story to create what was always there, in waiting, to be discovered. The numerous resemblances between the description of certain lies of Albertine and the artists' mysterious world, suggest that it is necessary to seek in the double movement of creation/discovery the truth of art, including the art of Proust. Perhaps the proustian paradigm of the lie constitutes the best illustration of fiction in its early state and it is in this direction that the lie may qualify as "the infancy of art". While focused on the paradoxical essence of love, Proust is devoted to a meticulous analysis of this vital lie that is literature, while revealing the essential uselessness of his enterprise. In the world entirely immanent of the Recherche, where there is no more referee, the desire, which is always the desire to quit one's terrible loneliness, generates the belief, translates this need to believe in thé other, this other desired, always unknown and in principle unknowable
Marsh, Janet. "Une analyse du thème vérité/mensonge dans Monnè, outrages et defis d'Ahmadou Kourouma." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22123.
Full textMonnew, the second novel of Ahmadou Kourouma, published in 1990, relates the history of a fictitious Malinke kingdom, Soba, in the north-west Ivory Coast, from pre-colonial times in the late ·nineteenth century to the beginnings of the post-colonial era. One of the aims of the novel is the demystification of some versions of African history, especially histories of the colonisation of West Africa by the French. We demonstrate how Kourouma demystifies some official accounts of colonial history, presenting his account of the period through the eyes of the Malinke. We make a number of references to more modern or less biased accounts of the times which give credence to the Malinke/Kourouma version. Kourouma also demystifi.es traditional African leaders via the character Djigui, King of Soba. The thesis argues that this demystification is effected by making the figure of Djigui a parody of the legendary hero of traditional oral litterature, thereby revealing his true nature. Subsequently we show how, by creating subtle parallels between the characteristics of the traditional leader and the "charismatic" post-colonial leader, Kourouma also defaltes the public image of such personae. At the same time he creates a more universal image of the flaws of those in power.
Fuchs, Elfriede. "Pseudologia : Formen und Funktionen fiktionaler Trugrede in der griechischen Literatur der Antike /." Heidelberg : C. Winter, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb356477774.
Full textBaccouche, Lobna. "Le mensonge comme manœuvre d’acquisition de légitimité organisationnelle : considérations éthiques et processus de réalisation." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCG005/document.
Full textThis research aims to focus the attention on the concept of "legitimation lie" in order to break the silence surrounding it and to shed light on an organizational phenomenon that is not as rare as what we could believe. Specifically, it provides an explanation of how some entrepreneurs succeed in acquiring initial legitimacy for their small and new businesses through lies. The study of the antithetical association of legitimacy and lies led us to focus on two research axes: on the one hand, the ethical considerations attributed to legitimacy lies and on the other hand, the process of their realization.On the theoretical level, our study required a reassessment of classical moral approaches, with the aim to offer a new alternative that goes beyond the operational limits encountered. In addition, the multi-dimensionality of lying process has been illustrated by the intersection of several disciplinary fields examining cognition, social exchanges and emotions.On the methodological level, this work was based on in-depth interviews conducted with 20 entrepreneurs of newly founded small businesses. The examination of the collected data was mainly based on thematic content analyzes preceded or completed, when necessary, by content analyzes or by practices appropriate to visual maps.The results suggest a process of legitimation through lies made of five phases: (1) a phase of identification of problems related to the organizational legitimacy in which the solutions usually practiced used are inaccessible. (2) A phase of construction of the lying’s tactic in which the entrepreneur identifies his / her collaborates, the victims and determines the form and content of the lie. During this phase, negative moral emotions, such as anxiety and guilt, are likely to emerge. These emotions reflect by their natures the ethical value associated to the lie. (3) A decision-making phase in which the entrepreneur, pushed by his ambitions and other environmental factors, rationalizes his behavior and neutralizes the negative emotions felt. (4) A phase of realization of the lying’s tactic and (5) a phase of control.The examination of the ethical considerations of lies revealed a "free individual moral space" - representing a margin between social and professional ethical standards, individual ethical norms and the circumstances surrounding the lies, where entrepreneurs allow themselves the right to use some forms of lie, according to their own rationality operating in that margin, without perceiving themselves as overstepping ethical limits
Smiley, Amy. "Le jardin entre songe et mensonge dans l'oeuvre romanesque d'Aragon (vers une poétique du jardin)." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA070077.
Full textThe object of this study is to reveal the role of the garden in the novelistic works of aragon. Although the garden is an enclosure, it opens up the space of the novel and is in fact its very metaphore. It is a place of experimentation with language, nourishing the sensual relationship between aragon and his writings. From this fertile world, a rea poetics of the garden takes place : the page becomes assimilated with the elements of nature. To state the garden means to state the "nature" of the discourse which is manifold. The garden is freed of its limits, and in the same vain, so is the novel. This phenomenon is bred within the scope of the lyrical pursuit of infinity
Honoré, Françoise. "Le mensonge en tant que signe des difficultés d'une époque : étude effectuée par analyse de contenu de romans." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H016.
Full textTwo periods are compared here: the time between the two world wars and the present time. Lying to the other and lying to oneself are both studied, cf g. Durandin. E. Morin, g. Devereux, j. Fourastie, g. Friedmann inspire the hypothe-ses. According to the representation obtained here, man, today (in france), would not only be more permissive, but, above all, would have a more complex inter-subjective relation, with more psychologism, more subjectivism. He would be more clear-sighted, about himself or the person he loves; and at the same time, show more relativism. Finally, the different evolutions of the social subjects, the greater com-petition, would be a sign of a growing diversification
Philippot, Didier. "Vérité des choses, mensonge de l'homme dans Madame Bovary de Flaubert : de la nature au Narcisse." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040258.
Full textIn order to explore the relations between nature and man in Madame Bovary as we intend to do, it seems first of all necessary to recall the fundamental conviction which Flaubert’s metaphysical and aesthetic attitude is based on : truth lies in nature, and everything that comes from man is most often sheer lies and ugliness. Although nature represents beauty and truth because it is the absolute, man is characterised by his narcissistic tendency to conclude, to reduce the absolute according to his desires and his limited measure, which stands for flaubertian definition of stupidity. Man lives in falsehood for he substitutes to nature an illusory order adapted to his image and the worship of himself. So, we purpose to insist on the central question of stupidity as metaphysical conclusion, and to proceed from nature to narcissism. The first step of our study deals with the aesthetic problem of both symbolism and description and intends to show that truth and meaning lie in nature only. Flaubert’s tendency is to reject symbolism as well as anthropomorphism. His purpose is not to impose a signification on things, but, on the contrary, to be open to the infinite and divine signification of things. Then, we shall oppose to the truth of things the lying conclusions of modern humanism (which is in fact narcissism) by going through all the levels of metaphysical stupidity. Truth of things, lies of the human order that encroaches upon them: here is the central opposition that we would like to explore in the intent to respect both the infinity of nature and the infinity of stupidity
Rosaz, Julie. "Evaluation et Information Imparfaite." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO22017/document.
Full textThis thesis study evaluation using the experimental method. Evaluation is an important tool for firms. It allows the employer to improve his knowledge about his employee’s performance. This presupposes that the employer has an initial belief about his employee. As this initial belief is imperfect, the evaluation provides the employer with new information about the employee. The employer can revise his judgment after the evaluation. The first question raised is how the subject updates his belief about an uncertain state of the nature after observing an imperfect signal. We find that an imperfect signal helps subjects to determine the state of the nature. However, it may also give rise to mistakes by the subjects when validating their initial belief and leave them highly uncertain.The second step of evaluation is the evaluation interview. The principal transfers some of his informational advantage by way of feedback to his employee. However, the feedback may be manipulated. The question raised in the second chapter is whether principals bias information in order to modify the agent’s motivation and what is its impact on the agent’s choice of effort. We find that principals manipulate messages and agents tend to trust these messages and increase their effort accordingly. Our results show however a significant difference in manipulation when this one increases the true ability than when it decreases it.Finally, we study the decision to bias the evaluation in a real effort experiment. We find that the majority of supervisors are willing to bias their report in order for them to earn more. The results show that guilt aversion plays an important role in the decision to lie
Beaulieu-Prévost, Dominic. "Analyse de validité de la déclaration (SVA), mensonge et faux souvenirs, validité et efficacité chez les adultes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60609.pdf.
Full textPaulin, David. "Camera del Mezzo : récit, suivi de Effets de vérité et de mensonge dans Cité de verre : essai." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6530.
Full textPandelon, Gérald. "Esquisse d'analyse du mensonge en politique : les exemples de la France sous la Ve République et de l'Espagne post-franquiste." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX32058.
Full textGialoukas, Konstantinos S. "The conflict of "doxa" and "alētheia" in Euripides and his predecessors /." Nicosia (Cyprus) : Cyprus association of Greek philologists "Stasinos, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35738838q.
Full textIacob, David-Octavian. "Détection du mensonge dans le cadre des interactions homme-robot à l'aide de capteurs et dispositifs non invasifs et mini invasifs." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IPPAE004.
Full textSocial Robotics focuses on improving the ability of robots to interact with humans, including the capacity to understand their human interlocutors. When endowed with such capabilities, social robots can be useful to their users in a large variety of contexts: as guides, play partners, home assistants, or, most importantly, when being used for therapeutic purposes.Socially Assistive Robots (SAR) aim to improve the quality of life of their users by means of social interactions. Vulnerable populations of users, like people requiring rehabilitation, therapy or permanent assistance, benefit the most from the aid of SARs. One of the responsibilities of such robots is to make sure their users respect their therapeutic and medical recommendations, and human users are not always cooperative. As it has been observed in previous studies, humans sometimes deceive their robot caretakers in order to avoid following their recommendations. The former therefore end up deteriorating their medical condition and render the latter incapable of fulfilling theirs duties. Therefore, SARs and especially their users would benefit if robots were able to detect deception in Human-Robot Interactions (HRI).This thesis explores the physiological and behavioural manifestations and cues associated to deception in HRI, based on previous research done in inter-human interactions. As we consider that it is highly important to not impair the quality of the interaction in any way, our work focuses on the evaluation of these manifestations by means of noninvasive and minimally-invasive devices, such as RGB, RGB-D and thermal cameras as well as wearable sensors.To this end, we have designed a series of in-the-wild interaction scenarios during which participants are enticed to lie. During these experiments, we monitored the participants' heart rate, respiratory rate, skin temperature, skin conductance, eye openness, head position and orientation, and their response time to questions using noninvasive and minimally-invasive devices and sensors. We attempted to correlate the variations of the aforementioned parameters to the veracity of the participants' answers and statements. Moreover, we have studied the impact of the nature of the interlocutor (human or robot) on the participants' manifestations.We believe that this thesis and our results represent a major step forward towards the development of robots that are able to establish the honesty and trustworthiness of their interlocutors, thus improving the quality of HRI and the ability of SARs to perform their duties and to improve the quality of life of their users
Hesk, Jon. "Deception and democracy in classical Athens /." Cambridge : Cambridge university press, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37695686n.
Full textDönninghaus, Sabine. "Sprache und Täuschung : ein Beitrag zur lexikalischen Semantik des Russischen unter Berücksichtigung kognitionstheoretischer Überlegungen /." Wiesbaden : O. Harrassowitz, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38913617b.
Full textNogaro, Sophie. "L’information et le droit pénal." Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090052.
Full textAny information is characterized by the number of elements, which has to be made known to others, as much as by the intrinsic value of these elements. In order that criminal law guarantees an efficient spreading of information, it is thus vain to protect the contents of the information only from one quantitative point of view. Consequently, it is advisable to complete this protection by qualitative guarantees. Each of these two aspects is also necessary. However, their difference in nature might imply dissimilarities to the intensity of protection. It is easier to increase the volume of provided information than to increase their quality. In spite of this, one can nowadays wonder whether the necessary balance between these two aspects is not broken
Carrasco-Daëron, Marie. "La dissimulation en droit pénal." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU10014.
Full textDalbignat-Deharo, Gaëlle. "Vérité scientifique et vérité judiciaire en droit privé." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010305.
Full textMacchi, Odile. "La conviction sur les faits criminels : analyse de dossiers d'instruction sur des assassinats." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHESA049.
Full textPandelon, Gérald. "La question de l'aveu en matière pénale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1041/document.
Full textIf a confession doesn't have a mandatory connection with legal truth, the mental conception of a confession leads to an infinitely more complex question which goes beyond the field under study. It would seem that, not only does the confession imply a real criterion in terms of legal appreciation, but is also based on practice linked to personal factors, stemming from negative experience, connected to values and standards prevailing within a given social history. For it is within the mystery of the subject's conscience that committing the act is possible; that is to say in a sphere more closely connected with his personal ethics, than with the constraints of legal norms. At the same time, the confession is a reflection of the evolution of modern society. If the confession was previously sought unconditionally, and represented an absolute imperative, even to the detriment of the truth, it has today been tendered mundane, as has moreover the measure which made it necessary, legal detainment. What was formerly prevalent, when the confession was considered as the ultimate proof, was more a form of an ethical requirement which made truth the standard. This concept of the confession as an absolute was also that of a society based on confidence, that is to say, one in which truth could effectively become known more easily, as it was a structural value. It would seem that this society based on confidence, has given way to a society based on mistrust, in which truth is no longer the essential reference but rather the effectiveness or the rapidity of procedures
Kalkofen, Rupert. "Der Priesterbetrug als Weltklugheit : eine philologisch-hermeneutische Interpretation des "Pfaffen Amis /." Würzburg : Königshausen und Neumann, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35511053z.
Full textMartín, Lucas Gonzalo. "Disparitions. Mensonge, vérité et pouvoir en Argentine (1976-1983) : penser le régime de terreur et de disparition à l'épreuve des catégories de Hannah Arendt." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070105.
Full textThis work proposes to think the rule of terror and disappearance of the "National Process of Reorganization" (Argentine, 1976-1983) by the means of a dialogue with H. Arendt's thought. This task opens on two closely dependent objectives. On the one hand, to answer the question: how the terrorist event could have happened? On the other hand, to develop a working hypothesis: we propose to give account of the ascendancy of plural power of men as a support of the terrorist event. We will argue a double ascendancy of power: ascendancy of power over the preceding history; ascendancy of power over violence and domination. The hypothesis I propose as an answer to these two objectives is the following one: the régime of terror and disappearance can be understood, from the point of view of the power of the men, as a negative crystallization, with the advent and the permanence of which the Argentinian people^ contributed by embarking collectively in what Arendt called a modem political lie; whereas they had the power to support the truth, by diffusing it, by protecting it in private realm or simply by omitting the exercise of lie. That means that the lie was the generating or inspirer principle during the "Process". Our argumentation follows four stages through the four chapters which compose this thesis: we will analyze successively the history (I), the theory (II), the part of the people (III) and the part of the Prince (IV), to try to understand, from de viewpoint of men's power, how the terrorist event in Argentina could have happened
Mascaro, Olivier. "Le développement de la vigilance épistémique composantes morales, épistémiques et mentalistes." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0098.
Full textThis thesis investigates the early development of vigilance towards deception. Dangerous lies are told by malevolent speakers (moral component). They are false (epistemic component). They originate from the intention to deceive their audience (mindreading component). Children's monitoring of these three components is studied. At the moral level, it is shown that preschoolers use benevolence to select partners in the context of communication. At the epistemic level, several high level abilities are evidenced in three-year-olds: deception by manipulation of Ignorance and beliefs, capacity to treat communicated information as false. It is shown that despite these capacities three-year-olds have difficulties to handle deception. This discrepancy suggests that young children can understand deception, but are relatively inattentive to ils potential occurrence. These analyses open up perspectives for the study of mindreading. In this domain also, a discrepancy between early competences and a relatively late mastery of standard false belief tasks is found. Lt is shown that performance on tasks of deception and on standard false belief tasks are correlated, even after controlling for the capacity to manipulate false representations. These results suggest a reinterpretation of standard false belief tasks in terms of epistemic vigilance
Nagel, Elsa. "Orson welles; le proces et une histoire immortelle d'apres les oeuvres de franz kafka et karen blixen. L'art du mensonge et la quete de la "verite"." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20014.
Full textThe trial by kafka and the immortal story by karen blixen are both an important stage in welles's works. The main question was : "who am i ?". He never ceased to try to find an answer. The story and the forma advance in the trial comes from the tale : before the law. The full process - logical fantasy, mental time, space subject to distortions while the confusion is between the protagonist's point of view and the camera's - places the trial under the sign of fantastic. Doubt governs the film and finds its outcome in the last sentence : "my name is orson welles", after the credits have been recited by the director. So, as the signs of authority have been demystified, this sentence asks the question over welles's legitimacy of being the author of the film or not. The immortal story - a reflexion over creation and the faustian figure of the demiurge - increases the spectator's strategies of skill in order to integrate him in the universe of fiction. Trough the spectator's commitment, reversible characters who haunted welles's fiction reach a peak and know an exemplary exploration. So, the cosmogonic myth and the myth of immortality impose themselves on the sreen. The film reflects the wellesian universe. It refers entirely to his author
Grodet, Mathilde. "« Par bel mentir » : Mensonges et vérités ambiguës en amour dans les récits courtois des XIIe et XIIIe siècles." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040143.
Full textIn Medieval society the truth was held in the highest esteem. The belief in an omniscient God whose Word is truth guarantees this conviction: thoughts and speeches must be coherent and free of falsehood. The deceptive situations, abundant in courtly narratives are a direct contradiction of this moral call. They challenge the ideal and gladly Manichean world of courtly literature, blurring the clear oppositions between dissimulation and revelation, hypocrisy and sincerity. The usually discursive aspect of lie questions the author’s work in a period where the Romanic literature becomes aware of its stakes. The matter of language and its adequacy with truth is a fundamental concern. Furthermore, the status of fiction, even more troublesome, gives way to a constant tension between the authenticity of the narrative and the fictionalisation of the author figure, appearing less a poet and more a storyteller