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Journal articles on the topic 'Leachability test'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Brzeziński, Bartłomiej, and Dominika Iskra-Świercz. "Heavy Metals and Metalloids Leachability from Composite Ground Materials Peat – Fly Ash – Lime." Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska 23 (2021): 513–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54740/ros.2021.036.

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This publication presents the test results of heavy metals and metalloids leachability from ground composite materials. The components of the obtained composites are peat and stabilizing binders in the form of fly ash and hydrated lime. The composites were designed to be used to stabilize low-bearing organic soil in the Lake Druzno basin in the area of Żuławy Elbląskie. The results of the leachability studies show that as the lime hydrated in the composition of the composite increases, the leachability of heavy metals and metalloids decreases. The decrease in the leachability of these elements

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2

Oravec, Jozef, and Adriana Eštoková. "Determination the Availability of Chromium from Powdered Cement Composites Containing Blast Furnace Slag." Solid State Phenomena 244 (October 2015): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.244.246.

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Nowadays, cement composites often contain a certain amount of waste materials, which can lead to increased heavy metals leaching. Important environmental indicator of the suitability of concrete is a leachability of chromium. In this paper, concrete samples containing special admixture based on the blast furnace slag as replacement of Portland cement (65%, 75%, 85% and 95%, respectively) as well as reference sample containing only a Portland cement were analyzed. Availability test was used to study the maximum chromium leaching from finely ground cement composites samples. The findings reveale

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3

Bridle, T. R., P. L. Côté, T. W. Constable, and J. L. Fraser. "Evaluation of Heavy Metal Leachability from Solid Wastes." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 5-6 (1987): 1029–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0280.

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Future management options for residual inorganic solid wastes are likely to include land disposal. While the environmental ramifications of this option are now better understood, additional data is required to permit a thorough assessment of contaminant leachability from solid wastes. As part of this data gathering exercise, Environment Canada's Wastewater Technology Centre has been actively researching and developing test methods designed to measure intrinsic waste properties that affect contaminant leachability, such as metal solubilities and speciation. Based on this approach the leachabili

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4

Ji, Yongxin, Wenjie Zhang, Yu Xiao, Hong Jiang, and Liaoyu Ye. "Combined Treatment of Cr(VI)-Contaminated Soils by Reduction, Adsorption, and Solidification." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (2022): 8827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148827.

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Remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soil usually includes reducing Cr(VI) to Cr(III) with sub-sequent solidification. In this paper, a treatment technique that combines reduction, adsorption, and solidification was proposed. By introducing an adsorbent into the reduction process, the remediation effectiveness was improved and the amount of reducing and solidified agent was decreased. Synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP), unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis were carried out to evaluate the remediation effect under different age

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5

Madany, Ismail M., and E. Raveendran. "Leachability of Heavy Metals Blasting Waste." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 10, no. 1 (1992): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x9201000109.

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This investigation presents the results of leaching tests, using the multiple-batch procedure, on cadmium, zinc, copper, lead, and chromium from copper blasting grit waste generated from a shipbuilding and repair company in Bahrain. The leaching test results have demonstrated that the metals tested were generally released in low concentrations except for copper and zinc. Metal leachability appeared to be dependent upon the pH and composition of the leaching medium.

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6

Mohd Zain, Asna, Shaaban Md Ghazaly, and Mahmud Hilmi. "Leachability of Solidified Petroleum Sludge." Advanced Materials Research 917 (June 2014): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.917.123.

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Petroleum sludge was solidified in ordinary Portland cement, and the leachability test was performed based on American Nuclear Society 16.1 to produce leachate. The organic in solidified sludge was extracted by micro solid extraction to determine the organic in the sample. Organic in the leachate sample was detected by solid phase micro extraction by head space polydimethyl siloxane fiber using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The targeted organic compounds in solid sample and leachate were quantified by the benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, xylene, naphthalene and phenanthrene standards.

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7

Li, Gui Fen. "Flame Retardancy of Wood Treated with Metaborates by Double-Diffusion Method." Advanced Materials Research 148-149 (October 2010): 467–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.148-149.467.

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Wood was treated by double-diffusion method to form the precipitates of metaborates in wood. Their leachability in running water was evaluated. The precipitates of these metaborates in the wood proved to be insoluble or hardly soluble in water by the leaching test, and the best leachability for that by double-diffusion treatment with Pb2+ solution. Their flame retardancy was evaluated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) and cone calorimeter. The resultant data showed that their flame retardancy and smoke suspension were increased by the double-diffusion treatment and the best for that by the treatm

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8

Li, Yuan-Yuan, Ting-Ting Zhang, Zhi Ning, Jin-Hong Chen, and Kirk Hatfield. "Characteristics and Applications of Sewage Sludge Biochar Modified by Ferrous Sulfate for Remediating Cr(VI)-Contaminated Soils." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (September 26, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6521638.

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Background. Soil contamination by hexavalent chromium is becoming a main environmental concern in China. This study developed a sewage sludge biochar modified by FeSO4 (CHBC) as a new reductant for Cr(VI)-contaminated soil. The effectiveness of CHBC-stabilized Cr(VI)-contaminated soil was investigated. Methods. Typical industrial Cr(VI)-contaminated soil in China was chosen as the medium. The total and Cr(VI) contents of the contaminated soil were 1014.6 and 973.5 mg/kg, respectively. The effectiveness of the Cr(VI)-contaminated soil stabilized by CHBC was investigated by the leaching test (US

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9

Całus-Moszko, Joanna, Agnieszka Klupa, and Malgorzata Markowska. "Materiały zasypowe do likwidacji szybów górniczych / Materials used in liquidating mining shafts." Przegląd Górniczy, no. 2/2022 (June 30, 2022): 26–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7468540.

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In Poland, in accordance with the applicable legal requirements, the shaft is dismantled by filling it with material selected for the geological conditions, taking into account the factors determining safety. When selecting materials used in liquidating mining shafts, one should also take into account their impact on the natural environment. The publication presents the results of laboratory tests on the leachability of soluble substances from materials used in liquidating mining shafts. The test of leachability of soluble substances was carried out with the use of distilled water and mine wat

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10

Salim, Nurul Salhana Abdul, Aeslina Abdul Kadir, Mohamad Asyraf Kamarudin, and Mohd Hafizul Fadzli Zaidi. "Leachability of Fired Clay Bricks Incorporated with Sewage Sludge by Using Tank Leaching Test." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.30 (2018): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.30.22292.

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This research was conducted to fully utilize the sludge that rich in dangerous heavy metals and at the same time act as low cost alternative materials in brick manufacturing. Different series of sludge and clay proportioning ratios were studied, which exclusively involved the addition of sludge with ratios of 0, 1, 5, 10, 20 and 30% of the total weight of sludge-clay mixture. Each molded brick were oven-dried at 105˚C for 24 hours followed by heating at 1050˚C. The investigation includes determination of heavy metal concentration of the sludge and clay using XRF and heavy metals leachability o

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11

Rezbárik, Šimon, Lenka Vavrincová, Martin Valica, et al. "Solidification/stabilization of fly ash contaminated with radiocesium into geopolymers." Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences (SREES) 34, no. 1 (2025): 55–72. https://doi.org/10.22630/srees.10058.

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The main goal of this work was to evaluate the possibilities of solidifying fly ashes contaminated with 137Cs into geopolymer waste forms. In the first step, physico-chemical characterization of fly ash originating from the thermal power plant in Vojany (Slovak Republic) was carried out. Before the preparation of the geopolymer waste forms (ternary mixture Geocem, GEOFIX, s.r.o., Slovak Republic) containing fly ash at percentage weight proportions of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40%, the fly ash was artificially contaminated with a 137CsCl solution. The 137Cs activity was measured by scintillation gamma-

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12

Kępys, Waldemar, Małgorzata Śliwka, and Małgorzata Pawul. "Assessment of Ecotoxicity of Incinerated Sewage Sludge Ash (ISSA)." Minerals 11, no. 8 (2021): 849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11080849.

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Combustion in fluidised bed boilers is one of the most commonly used methods of treatment of municipal sewage sludge. Fly ash (FA) and air pollution control (APC) residues are the solid by-products generated by flue gas treatment. There are significant differences in the chemical composition of these wastes. FA is composed of mainly SiO2, P2O5, CaO and metals such as Zn, Ti, Cu, Cr, Pb and Ni. APC residues mainly contain SO3 and Na2O. The leachability tests that were carried out indicate that these wastes display very low leachability of heavy metals (for example leachability of Pb was equal 0

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13

Palimąka, Piotr, Stanisław Pietrzyk, Michał Stępień, Katarzyna Ciećko, and Ilona Nejman. "Zinc Recovery from Steelmaking Dust by Hydrometallurgical Methods." Metals 8, no. 7 (2018): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8070547.

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Hydrometallurgical recovery of zinc from electric arc furnace dust was investigated on a laboratory scale, using aqueous sodium hydroxide solution as a leaching agent. Special attention was paid to the effect of NaOH concentration, temperature and liquid/solid phase ratio on the zinc leachability. It was found that all tested factors increased the leachability, with the maximum efficiency of 88% obtained in a 6 M NaOH solution at a temperature of 80 °C and the liquid/solid phase ratio of 40. The test results confirmed the high selectivity of the zinc leaching agent. In spite of this, complete

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14

NAITO, Ryoji, Yoshiyuki NAKAMURA, Taro URASE, Tomohiro KUWAE, and Hiroaki TANAKA. "Factors Affecting Leachability Test Results for Sediment PCDDs/DFs and Co-PCBs." Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment 33, no. 7 (2010): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2965/jswe.33.87.

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15

Samsonek, J., M. Vondruska, and O. Stranel. "Influence of Specimen Size on Leachability Test Results of Waste ST/SO." Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management 2, no. 4 (1998): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-025x(1998)2:4(154).

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16

Benlamoudi, Ali, Aeslina Abdul Kadir, Mihail Aurel Titu, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, and Andrei Victor Sandu. "Treatment of Lead Contaminated Soil using Solidification/Stabilization Method Incorporated with Sugarcane Bagasse." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 8 (2017): 1908–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.8.5789.

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In recent years, tremendous researches have been carried out for solid waste treatment using the solidification/stabilization (S/S) method incorporated with agricultural wastes after the incineration process. These researches, although they showed efficient results, but they may be expensive due to the incineration procedure cost. In the current research, the treatment of lead (Pb) contaminated soil was studied by the incorporation of sugarcane bagasse in its fibrous state into the S/S method. Chemical properties of the materials used were determined by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) test. Some mech

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17

Koniuszy-Nycz, Justyna. "EVALUATION OF LEACHING AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF HEAVY METALS FROM INDUSTRIAL BIOMASS ASHES." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego / Inżynieria Środowiska 167, no. 47 (2017): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.8683.

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The purpose of the study was to evaluate the total content, leachability and bioavailability of Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, Co in industrial ashes obtained from biomass combustion. It was found that metals occur in the test material as: macronutrient - iron (0,67 %), micronutrients - zinc (335,0 mg/kg), nickel (145,0 mg/kg), lead (110,0 mg/kg), copper (100,0 mg/kg), cobalt (25,0 mg/kg), chrome (15 mg/kg) and trace amount of cadmium (10,0 mg/kg). It was claimed that leachability of metals from ash depends on pH of solution and ranges from 1 mg/kg for (Cu, Cd, Ni, Fe) to 4 – 5 mg/kg for (Cr, Co)

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18

Azarsa, Peiman, and Rishi Gupta. "Freeze-Thaw Performance Characterization and Leachability of Potassium-Based Geopolymer Concrete." Journal of Composites Science 4, no. 2 (2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs4020045.

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It is well known that concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials in the world, and cement as its key constituent is partly responsible for global Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emission. Due to these reasons, high strength concrete with lower CO2 emission, and concrete with lower reliance on natural resources is increasingly popular. Geopolymer Concrete (GPC), due to its capability to minimize the consumption of natural resources, has attracted the attention of researchers. In cold regions, frost action is one of the primary GPC deterioration mechanisms requiring huge expenditures fo

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19

Khadse, Ravindra, and Mrs V. U. Khanapure. "Column leachability test for understanding the persistence of four commonly used pesticides for cotton crop in Vidarbha, Maharshtra, India." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-4 (2018): 2431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd14578.

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20

Zhang, Runyuan, Nuanqin Zhang, and Zhanqiang Fang. "In situ remediation of hexavalent chromium contaminated soil by CMC-stabilized nanoscale zero-valent iron composited with biochar." Water Science and Technology 77, no. 6 (2018): 1622–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.039.

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Abstract In this study, the remediation experiments were performed outdoors in natural conditions. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-stabilized nanoscale zero-valent iron (CMC-nZVI), biochar (BC) and CMC-stabilized nanoscale zero-valent iron composited with biochar (CMC-nZVI/BC) were synthesized and investigated for their effect on the in situ remediation of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] contaminated soil and the concentration of available iron was tested after the remediation, compared with the untreated soil. The results of toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test showed that CMC-nZ

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21

Phromsaen, Atchariyaphorn, Prinya Chindaprasirt, Salim Hiziroglu, and Pornnapa Kasemsiri. "Thermal Degradation and Fire Retrandancy of Wood Impregnated with Nitrogen Phosphorus Flame Retardant." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.152.

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In this research, the effect of diammoniumphosphate (DAP) as fire retardant additive during thermal degradation of wood samples from shorea obtuse (Dipterocarpaceae) has been investigated. Thermal properties of wood samples impregnated with DAP ranging from 0-40 %wt were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and limiting oxygen index (LOI). Leachability of DAP from impregnated samples kept under running water was also investigated. The results indicated that the rate of weight loss obtained from TGA reveal that impregnation of DAP reduced the degradation rate from 0.95%/°C to 0.56%

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22

Arjinee, Kongyam, Silapanuntakul Suthep, and Sihabut Tanasri. "Leachability of Heavy Metals of Interlocking Block made from Wastewater Sludge, Fly Ash and Cement." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations 11, no. 1 (2023): 34–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7632581.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> This research was conducted to study of the  leachability of  heavy metals in the interlocking  blocks made from wastewater sludge binding with fly ash and  cement. Dried sludge from wastewater treatment plant of Bangkok Metropolitan Administration mixed with fly ash, cement and tap water was used to different ratios of mixtures (weight by weight) as 4:1:1, 4:3:1 and 4:4:1 (cement, fly ash and wastewater sludge ratios). After that, this mixture was used to make interlocking blocks.  All the interlocking blocks were cured for 7 days and tested

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Lin, Liang, Takeshi Furuno, and Sadanobu Katoh. "Leachability and Decay Resistance of Tetraphenylborate Salt-Treated Wood." Holzforschung 55, no. 4 (2001): 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2001.059.

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Summary In order to reduce the leachability of boron compounds in wood, the double treatment of tetraphenylborate sodium salt [(C6H5)4BNa] (TPBNa) with potassium chloride (KCl) or tetramethylammonium bromide [(CH3)4NBr] (TMABr) was investigated by impregnating them into sapwood specimens of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) to form insoluble salts of tetraphenylborate tetramethylammonium or tetraphenylborate potassium. The reduction of boron retention in treated wood specimens after the waterleaching test was very small, showing the good fixation of boron compounds in wood. The double trea

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24

Batchelor, B. "A Numerical Leaching Model for Solidified/Stabilized Wastes." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 1-2 (1992): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0391.

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A numerical leaching model is described which considers interactions among four components. One is calcium, which is associated with the alkalinity of the treated waste. One is the hydrogen ion and one is lead, which represents a contaminant that can precipitate as a hydroxide. The other is acetate, which is associated with the acid used in the leaching solution. A chemical equilibrium sub-model calculates concentrations of eight species as a function of the total concentration of the four components. A modified Crank-Nicholson algorithm is used to solve the dynamic material balances for each

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25

Wong, V., and G. Ho. "Metal speciation and leachability of heavy metals from Enersludge™ ash in concrete." Water Science and Technology 41, no. 8 (2000): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0142.

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The Oil From Sludge (Enersludge™) process converts sewage sludge into hydrocarbons, partially fixing heavy metals in the by-product ash. Research was carried out to investigate the speciation and leaching behaviour of heavy metals (cadmium, copper, chromium, nickel, lead and zinc) when using this ash product in concrete. This was achieved by conducting a sequential extraction procedure, a soluble fraction test and dynamic leach test. Sequentialextraction showed that heavy metals in the ash speciated mainly into a stable form. Leachable heavy metals were derived mainly from the concrete (contro

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Li, Zhiqiang, Mingliang Jiang, Xingxia Ma, Zehui Jiang, and Benhua Fei. "A Laboratory Test of the Leachability and Decay Resistance of Some Synthesized Borate Compounds." Forest Products Journal 62, no. 2 (2012): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/0015-7473-62.2.134.

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Liang-qiong, Peng, Long Wen-jun, Zhang Wen-hua, and Shi Bi. "Chromium Leachability from Leather Waste and Eco-toxicity under Environmental Conditions." Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association 115, no. 03 (2020): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v115i03.1626.

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Chromium (III) is currently used in leather manufacture worldwide and the attention has been centered on the alleged environmental impact of chromium in leather waste. The effects of liquid-solid ratio, pH, contact time, rotational speed and temperature on the leachability of chromium from leather waste and the eco-toxicity were evaluated to investigate the ecological impact under environmental conditions. The characterization of leachate included the determination of total Cr and total organics (TOC), analysis of UV-visible absorption spectra, as well as the toxicity test with Photobacterium

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Abdul Kadir, Aeslina, Mohd Ikhmal Haqeem Hassan, and Syed Khairul Hafizi bin Syed Mohamad. "Leachability of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) Incorporated With Fly Ash and Bottom Ash by Using Static Leaching Procedure (SLT)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 1261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.1261.

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The growing demand for electricity resulted in the construction of many coal fired power plants. The increment of the consumption of coal by power plants lead up to production of coal ash. Coal ash contains a range of toxic elements that may have negative effects to human and environmental health. Fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) are the solid residues and mostly arise from coal combustion that being disposed in large quantities every year. The focus of the study is to determine the leachability of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) incorporated with FA and BA by using Static Leachate Test (SLT) m

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Joshi, R. C., J. P. A. Hettiaratchi, and Gopal Achari. "Properties of modified Alberta fly ash in relation to utilization in waste management applications." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 3 (1994): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-046.

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This paper presents the results of a laboratory investigation on hydraulic conductivity (k, also known as coefficient of permeability), compressive strength, and contaminant leachability of self-cementitious fly ash produced by two different coal-fired thermal power plants in Alberta. Hydraulic conductivity data are presented for fly ash and lime-modified fly ash samples with tap water and brine as permeants. The tap water k values of fly ash samples are almost two orders of magnitude higher than 1 × 10−7 cm/s, the usually required k value for a landfill bottom liner material. Addition of lime

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Roselli, Carla, Ivan Fagiolino, Donatella Desideri, Davide Sisti, and Maria Assunta Meli. "Assessment of the release of metals from cigarette butts into the environment." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (2021): e0260111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260111.

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Cigarette butts are known to contain toxic metals which pose a potential threat to the environment and human health. The seriousness of this threat is largely determined by the leachability of these toxic metals when the butts are exposed to aqueous solutions in the environment. The aims of this study were to determine the presence and mobility of toxic and non-toxic elements found in discarded cigarette butts; to relate this mobility to two different contact situations with leaching liquids: tumbling and trampling (batch test) and percolation in a static position (column test); and finally, t

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Li, Yuan-Yuan, Ting-Ting Zhang, Shi-Bo Jia, Jiang Liu, Xian-Hao Quan, and Wei Zheng. "Mechanical Properties and Leaching Characteristics of Geopolymer-Solidified/Stabilized Lead-Contaminated Soil." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (May 27, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6015769.

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Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is widely used in the solidification/stabilization of Pb-contaminated soils. However, many studies have suggested that the high content of Pb would degrade the mechanical properties of OPC-solidified/stabilized soils. This paper presents a new binder, geopolymer fine aggregate (GFA), composed of ground granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash, CaO, and Na2SiO3. For comparison, OPC was used as a conventional binder. Mechanical properties and leaching characteristics are typically used to evaluate the effects of binders on solidified/stabilized soils. Nevertheless, l

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Lee, Dong-Jin. "RESEARCH PAPERS : PERFORMANCE OF PH STATIC LEACHING TEST FOR EVALUATING LEACHABILITY OF SOLIDIFIED WASTE FORMS." Environmental Engineering Research 9, no. 5 (2004): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2004.9.5.223.

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Abdul Kadir, Aeslina, Muhammad Khuzaimy Kamarul Halim, Noor Amira Sarani, and Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah. "Leachability of Heavy Metals from Steel Mill Sludge Incorporated in Fired Clay Brick." Materials Science Forum 857 (May 2016): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.857.347.

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The reuse of sludge in clay brick material is a long-term approach to sludge disposal for economic and environmental sustainability. In this study, steel mill sludge collected from Kluang, Johor was used to be investigated to replace clay as brick material. The raw material has been characterized using X Ray Fluorescent (XRF) analysis. The optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MDD) of the soil used was performed by using Standard Proctor Compaction Test in order to verify percentages of water used during brick manufacturing. Brick were manufactured into different percentages

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Staněk, Theodor, and Petr Sulovský. "Mechanism of Immobilization of Toxic Elements in Special Binders." Advanced Materials Research 1124 (September 2015): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1124.3.

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The paper deals with development of cementitious binders that would be able to efficiently immobilize toxic elements contained in various types of wastes. The basic component of the proposed binders are clinkers with phosphorus incorporated into the structure of clinker silicates, mixtures of cement with ash containing hydroxylapatite and belite-rich clinkers activated with sulfate anions. The prepared binders were mixed with water doped with various toxic elements; after a defined period of cement stone hydration the test beams were subjected to long-term testing of leachability of individual

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Martauz, Pavel, Vojtěch Václavík, and Branislav Cvopa. "The Properties of Concrete Based on Steel Slag as a By-Product of Metallurgical Production." Key Engineering Materials 838 (April 2020): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.838.10.

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This article presents the results of research on the use of unstable steel slag with a fraction of 0/8 mm as a 100% substitute for natural aggregate in concrete production. Two types of cements were used for the production of concrete: Portland cement CEM I 42.5N and hybrid cement H-CEMENT. Both of these cements were produced by the company Považská cementárna, a.s., Ladce. The main objective of this study was to assess the suitable type of binder to be combined with unstable steel slag in the production of concrete composite. The prepared concrete was used to test the properties of a fresh

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Bauw, D. H., P. G. M. de Wilde, G. A. Rood, and Th G. Aalbers. "A standard leaching test, including solid phase extraction, for the determination of PAH leachability from waste materials." Chemosphere 22, no. 8 (1991): 713–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(91)90048-i.

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Jain, Neeraj. "Solidification and Leachability of Cr (VI) in Rice Husk Ash-Blended Cement." ISRN Civil Engineering 2011 (June 16, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/183158.

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Investigations carried out to study the effect of Cr (VI) (1000–3000 mg/l) on solidification and hydration behavior of Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and rice husk ash (RHA) blended (10%, 20%, and 30%) cement show that addition of RHA accelerates final setting as compared to control samples (OPC) and retardation in setting time has been observed on increase in rice husk ash concentration (10%–30%). Solidification studies show that the compressive strength of controls and rice husk ash blended samples increases with increase in the curing period and maximum strength was observed with 20% RHA bl

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KELEŞ, ÖZLEM ÖZGENÇ, and SEFA DURMAZ. "A SYNERGIC EFFECT OF WATER-BASED ACRYLIC RESIN WITH BORIC ACID ON LEACHABILITY." Wood Research 68, no. 2 (2023): 268–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/68.2.268278.

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In this study, the Scots pine wood samples were impregnated (single treatment) with boric acid combined with two types of water-based acrylic resin (pure acrylic and semi-translucent acrylic emulsion) to limit the boron leaching and improve the decay resistance. The results showed dimensional stability in anti-swelling efficiency and water absorption improved in wood specimens treated with boric acid and acrylic types. While the leachability was over 90% for only 3% boric acid-impregnated wood (control), it was calculated at 36% for acrylic emulsions-impregnated wood. Although there were no we

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Zhang, Hai Xia, and Takayuki Shimaoka. "Effect of Composted Sewage Sludge on Metals Leaching Behavior in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 418–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.418.

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In order to study the effect of organic matter on the heavy metals leachability from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash. In the project, the composted sewage sludge (CS) rich in organic matter was mixed with MSWI bottom ash in a certain proportion. e exudation test, determination of the leaching liquid pH, dissolved organic carbon and humus concentration, and the concentration of heavy metals. And the combination of CS and BA in organic compounds and metal content, calculate metal leaching rate. According to the experimental results, analysis of dissolved organic matter and h

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Janoš, Pavel, Lucie Herzogová, Jaroslav Rejnek, and Jiřina Hodslavská. "Assessment of heavy metals leachability from metallo-organic sorbent—iron humate—with the aid of sequential extraction test." Talanta 62, no. 3 (2004): 497–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2003.08.032.

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Czop, Monika, Beata Łaźniewska-Piekarczyk, and Małgorzata Kajda-Szcześniak. "Evaluation of the Immobilization of Fly Ash from the Incineration of Municipal Waste in Cement Mortar Incorporating Nanomaterials—A Case Study." Energies 15, no. 23 (2022): 9050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15239050.

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Fly ash generated in the process of combustion of municipal waste is classified as hazardous waste. Its management today has become a significant problem. One of the methods of safe management of such ash may be using it for the production of concrete as a partial replacement for cement. Using immobilization, the number of hazardous compounds could be limited so that the obtained new material would be safe for the natural environment. Recovery of byproducts—in this case, fly ash—complies with the business models applied in the production cycle in the circular economy model. Such a solution may

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Beck, Greeley. "Leachability and Decay Resistance of Wood Polyesterified with Sorbitol and Citric Acid." Forests 11, no. 6 (2020): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11060650.

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Research Highlights: Polyesterification of wood with sorbitol and citric acid (SCA) increases decay resistance against brown-rot and white-rot fungi without reducing cell wall moisture content but the SCA polymer is susceptible to hydrolysis. Background and Objectives: SCA polyesterification is a low-cost, bio-based chemical wood modification system with potential for commercialisation. Materials and Methods: This study investigates moisture-related properties and decay resistance in SCA-modified wood. Scots pine sapwood was polyesterified at 140 °C with various SCA solution concentrations ran

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Hamid, Nur Jannah Abdul, Aeslina Abdul Kadir, Nurul Nabila Huda Hashar, et al. "Influence of Gypsum Waste Utilization on Properties and Leachability of Fired Clay Brick." Materials 14, no. 11 (2021): 2800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14112800.

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Wastewater treatment activities in the chemical industry have generated abundant gypsum waste, classified as scheduled waste (SW205) under the Environmental Quality Regulations 2005. The waste needs to be disposed into a secure landfill due to the high heavy metals content which is becoming a threat to the environment. Hence, an alternative disposal method was evaluated by recycling the waste into fired clay brick. The brick samples were incorporated with different percentages of gypsum waste (0% as control, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%) and were fired at 1050 °C using 1 °C per minute heating rate.

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Jang, A., Y. S. Choi, and In S. Kim. "Batch and column tests for the development of an immobilization technology for toxic heavy metals in contaminated soils of closed mines." Water Science and Technology 37, no. 8 (1998): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0311.

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Laboratory tests of various chemical treatments for the immobilization of copper, nickel, and lead in soils typically found at mine facilities were evaluated. A series of batch, adsorption tests, and lab-scale continuous column tests were conducted to optimize the design parameters for the full-scale immobilization processes. The laboratory test program consisted of batch and column experiments to measure the leachability and subsequent immobilization of the single heavy metal, Cu2+, Pb2+, and Ni2+ in an artificial soil which was composed of bentonite and quartz fine sand. Batch equilibrium me

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Ravindra, Khadse, and V. U. Khanapure Mrs. "Column leachability test for understanding the persistence of four commonly used pesticides for cotton crop in Vidarbha, Maharshtra, India." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 2, no. 4 (2018): 2431–36. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd14578.

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Leaching, which can be defined as the movement of any liquid vertically into the deeper soil layers. It is an important phenomenon as it is one of the important influencing factors for groundwater contamination. The objective of present study is to evaluate the potential leaching and persistence of four pesticides viz. confidor, profex super, ulala and missile for agricultural soils in Vidharbha region of Maharashtra. Soil samples collected from the field location were tested on LCMS for pesticide residues. Leaching study was carried out using disturbed soil columns of 30 cm length and 10 cm d

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Zha, Fusheng, Congmin Liu, Bo Kang, et al. "Effect of Carbonation on the Leachability of Solidified/Stabilized Lead-Contaminated Expansive Soil." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (February 11, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8880818.

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Lime, fly ash, and alkaline residue are used widely as effective binders to solidify/stabilize heavy metal-contaminated expansive soil. Carbonation, however, may influence the effectiveness of solidification/stabilization (S/S) by decomposing hydration products and decreasing pH, which would seriously damage the long-term durability of stabilized soils. This study focused on the variation of leaching characteristics of solidified/stabilized lead-contaminated expansive soils before and after accelerated carbonation under the leachant of pH 3 and 5 by the semidynamic leaching test. After semidyn

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McNeill, D. F., and R. J. Kinsley-Momberger. "Comparison of bulk and elutriate test data from a New York peat mining operation: leachability of selected trace elements." International Journal of Coal Geology 8, no. 1-2 (1987): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(87)90031-0.

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binti Abdul Kadir, Aeslina, Nur Athirah Ideris, and Ahmad Shayuti Abdul Rahim. "Leaching of Heavy Metals Using TCLP and SPLP Method from Fired Clay Brick Incorporating with Mosaic Sludge." Materials Science Forum 857 (May 2016): 352–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.857.352.

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Mosaic sludge is sewerage from mosaic industrial activities such as cutting, polishing and grinding. This sludge mostly will be disposed directly to landfill and some of it was discharged in drainage system without proper treatment. Therefore, in this study, mosaic sludge from the mosaic industry were reused and incorporated into fired clay brick in order to provide alternative disposal method, producing adequate quality of brick as well as minimizing the heavy metal leachability to the environment. First, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) was conducted to determine the heavy metal concentration from t

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Kerkez, Djurdja, Milena Becelic-Tomin, Milena Dalmacija, et al. "Leachability and physical stability of solidified and stabilized pyrite cinder sludge from dye effluent treatment." Chemical Industry 69, no. 3 (2015): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind140304036k.

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This work is concerned with exploring the possibilities of using solidification/stabilization (S/S) treatment for toxic sludge generated in dye effluent treatment, when pyrite cinder is used as catalytic iron source in the modified heterogeneous Fenton process. S/S treatment was performed by using different clay materials (kaolin, bentonite and native clay from the territory of Vojvodina) and fly ash in order to immobilize toxic metals and arsenic presented in sludge. For the evaluation of the extraction potential of toxic metals and the effectiveness of the S/S treatment applied, four single-

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Gosk, Edyta, Katarzyna Kalinowska-Wichrowska, Marta Kosior-Kazberuk, et al. "The Basic Properties of Lightweight Artificial Aggregates Made with Recycled Concrete Fines." Sustainability 16, no. 20 (2024): 9134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16209134.

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The production of lightweight aggregate based on waste is an important step towards sustainable and ecological construction. It contributes to reducing the negative impact of the construction sector on the environment by reducing the consumption of natural raw materials and reducing waste of various origins, including rubble concrete. The physical and mechanical properties, including grain shape index, water absorption, bulk density, resistance to crushing, frost resistance, leachability of heavy metals, and porosity of lightweight artificial aggregate made from rubble concrete waste (KRC) wer

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