Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lead seal

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Lead seal'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 1 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Lead seal"

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Musin, A. "Small lead seals from Drochiczyn and small lead seals of “Drochiczyn type”: new light on the research on medieval “seal tags” in East-Central Europe." Archaeological News 31 (2021): 290–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/1817-6976-2021-31-290-318.

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The article argues the commercial and fiscal nature of medieval small lead seals. For the first time, seal tags of the Piast dynasty are attested. Their symbols correlated with Polish Hohlpfennigs. The concentration of Rus’ and Polish seals on the border may indicate its dual jurisdiction. The practice of European small lead seals is regarded as transfers of the Byzantine tradition.
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Mathieu, Barry, and Abhijit Dasgupta. "A Fractional-Factorial Numerical Technique for Stress Analysis of Glass-To-Metal Lead Seals." Journal of Electronic Packaging 116, no. 2 (1994): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905512.

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Fracture of glass seals in metallic hermetic electronic packaging is a significant failure mode because it may lead to moisture ingress and also to loss of load carrying capacity of the glass seal. Seal glasses are intrinsically brittle and their fracture is governed by the stresses generated. This study investigates stresses in lead seals caused by handling, testing, mechanical vibration, and thermal excursions. Loads considered are axial tension, bending, and twisting of the lead. More general loading can be handled by superposition of these results. Factorial techniques, commonly used in mu
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Xia, Rong, Yunjie Zhou, Hong Zhou, Jianjun Yuan, Shuaiqi Gao, and Chunhua Fang. "Simulation research on lead seal defect of cable terminal based on ultrasonic testing technology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2932, no. 1 (2025): 012032. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2932/1/012032.

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Abstract As a key component of the cable terminal attachment, the lead seal may be loosened or ruptured due to fabrication process defects or external forces, so it is especially necessary to research detecting the defects in the lead seal by ultrasonic phased array technology. A simulation analysis of the seals was carried out through simulation methods. The results show that the defective echoes received by the probe can accurately identify the defects in the seals and their specific locations. The 10MHz frequency detects the internal defects of the seals, and the 7.5MHz frequency detects th
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Liu, Chunrui, Lidong He, Xingyun Jia, Haozhe Zhu, Tao Chen, and Wenhao Wang. "Effect of Installation Error on Rotary Seal of Aero Engine." Aerospace 9, no. 12 (2022): 820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9120820.

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The rotary seal is a key component of the aero engine. Under actual working conditions, most rotary seals always operate in an eccentric state (caused by installation errors), and when a large eccentricity occurs, it may lead to a large amount of gas leakage, resulting in a decrease in aero engine efficiency, which ultimately affects the reliability and life of the aero engine. Therefore, the effect of installation error on the rotary seal of the aero engine was studied in this research. The flow field numerical models of the honeycomb seal, labyrinth seal, and hybrid labyrinth–honeycomb seal
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Natalia, Khamaiko. "Seals of the Princess Maria." Stratum plus, no. 6 (December 15, 2015): 231–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5703148.

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The subject of this paper is the attribution of the Old Russian female lead seals with the name of Maria. The new discovery of Princess Maria’s seal (Type 116) in the stratigraphically closed context of the last quarter of the 11th century redefines the previous attribution of the type, and forces to identify the owner of the seal as Grand Duchess of Kiev of 1078—1093 — the second wife of Vsevolod Yaroslavich. The emergence of the “archontissa” Maria nun’s seal (Type 23) is caused by Vsevolod Yaroslavich widow’s vows to the St. Andrew monastery (1093&m
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Mikkelsen, Bjarni. "A note on the harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) in the Faroe Islands." NAMMCO Scientific Publications 8 (September 1, 2010): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/3.2681.

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The harbour seal was exterminated as a breeding species in the Faroe Islands in the mid-19th Century. Historical sources document that the harbour seal used to be a common inhabitant of the sheltered fjords where breeding occurred. It was reported to be more common than the grey seal, the other pinniped specie resident around the Faroes. But the number of harbour seals seemingly decreased as human settlements and other anthropogenic activities increased. Seal hunting was apparently already introduced by the Norse that arrived on the islands in the 7th century, a hunt that finally lead to the e
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ELAM, Nilgun, Christos MALATRAS, and Yavuz Selim GÜLER. "Pera Müzesi’ndeki Bizans Kurşun Mühürleri." Gephyra, no. 26 (October 8, 2023): 197–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1299257.

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The collection of lead seals of the Pera Museum consists of 17 unpublished pieces, except for three lead seals (nos.1, 8, and 10) which are dated from the second half of the 7th century to the 13th century. Ten of the seventeen Byzantine lead seals of the Pera Museum collection mention the dignities and the offices of their owners. These offices range from the lower rank of a simple notary (no. 5) up to the highest office of the emperor himself (no. 9). There is only one seal related to the ecclesiastical administration, issued by a bishop (no. 2). Noteworthy are the seals of Georgios (no. 6),
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Kanev, Nikolay. "Byzantine Lead Seal of Constantine, Notarios and Abydikos from Bulgaria." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 6 (January 2020): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2019.6.7.

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Introduction. The paper deals with a byzantine lead seal of Constantine, notarios and abydikos, which originated from the vicinity of the medieval fortress of Rusokastro, southeastern Bulgaria. Methods. A part of byzantine lead seals are a primary source of information regarding both the commercial and economic activity in the Byzantine Empire and the administrative structures and mechanisms for its control and management, in particular for the period of the 8th – 9 th centuries. Therefore, the appearance of any such new scrambling monument is of great importance and the information derived fr
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Gransberg, Douglas D. "Chip Seal Program Excellence in the United States." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1933, no. 1 (2005): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193300109.

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A survey of U.S. public highway and road agencies that use chip seals as a part of their roadway maintenance program was developed and conducted to identify best practices in chip seal design and construction. A total of 72 individual responses from 42 U.S. states and 12 U.S. cities and counties were received; of those, nine respondents reported that they were getting excellent results from their chip seal programs. Those responses were grouped together and analyzed by the case study method to identify trends that lead to consistently excellent chip seal results. The study found that the succe
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Lu, Bin, Xiaojian Ma, Caiguang Wu, Haijun Xuan, and Weirong Hong. "The Wear of Seal Fins during High-Speed Rub between Labyrinth Seal Fins and Honeycomb Stators at Different Incursion Rates." Materials 14, no. 4 (2021): 979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040979.

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Labyrinth seals as a noncontact sealing technology are widely used in aero-engine. To improve the efficiency of the aero-engine, the clearance between the rotor and stator must be as small as possible. However, the change of the clearance between the rotor and stator because of thermal expansion, vibration, mechanical loading may lead to undesirable high-speed rub, which will lead to the cracking of the seal fins. This paper focuses on the wear of the seal fin after the rub and presents the rubbing tests between seal fins and the metal honeycomb under rubbing speed of 380 m/s and incursion rat
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lead seal"

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Davis, Cathrine. "Threads across the Atlantic : tracing the European origins of eighteenth-century imported cloth in New France using lead seal evidence from three French colonial sites." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33007.

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Les sceaux de plomb sont des artefacts relativement inconnus mais très importants comme sources d’information sur les textiles et leur consommation aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. Ces étiquettes en plomb souvent attachées aux textiles ont servi comme indicateurs de qualité, de possession et de paiement des impôts sur ces textiles et autres biens commerciaux. Trouvés sur plusieurs sites archéologiques en Amérique du Nord, ces sceaux sont des indicateurs des origines éuropéennes des textiles ainsi que des réseaux marchands nécessaires pour les transporter vers la Nouvelle-France, un espace colonial
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Shimmield, Tracy Marjory. "A study of radionuclides, lead and lead isotope ratios in Scottish sea loch sediments." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9988.

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This research involved the study of sediment cores from Loch Etive, Loch Long, Loch Goil and Loch Fyne with the aims of investigating the geochemistry of natural, and manmade radionuclides and heavy metals within the sea loch environment. The main aims of the research were to determine accumulation rates and the extent of mixing within these sediments and to assess the fluxes, sources and temporal variations in input of pollutant heavy metals to these environments. In recent years it has been suggested that Pb is mobile in sea loch sediments which questions the validity of applying ²¹⁰Pb datin
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Parihar, Shailendra S. "High Temperature Seals for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1172490697.

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Jahn, Ingo H. J. "Leaf seals for gas and steam turbines." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670066.

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Gibney, Matthew Joseph IV. "Predicting Package Defects: Quantification of Critical Leak Size." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34857.

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Threshold leak sizes and leak rates were calculated for a number of liquid food products exhibiting a wide range of surface tension and viscosity values. From this data, one can see that mathematically, under typical pressure differentials generated in food packages (less than or equal to ±34.5 kPa), a leak will never start through a 2 μm defect. The calculated leak rates were compared to calculated evaporation rates. The evaporation rate exceeds the leak rate at lower sized microholes (2, and 5 μm diameter) under typical pressure differentials found in food packages. If the liquid, typ
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Pe, Juan-Diego. "On the thermal behaviour of gas turbine filament seals." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1de17ef5-2f1c-4ac2-aae8-90a2efd53e8f.

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Advanced rotating shaft seals have the potential to significantly increase the efficiency and performance of steam and gas turbines. Two such seals, brush and leaf seals, rely on the use of thousands of flexible filaments to close clearances between rotating components and their static casings. The current life of the components is poor compared to the rest of the gas turbine, limiting the seals' deployment, particularly in the jet engine at high temperature and pressure. Poor understanding of the seal installation response to frictional heat generated at the point of filament-rotor contact du
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Connelly, Douglas Patrick. "Occurrence and behaviour of trace metals in coastal waters of Bermuda, and chromium in the Sargasso Sea." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241902.

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May, Nicholas A. "Aerodynamic Consequences of a Pneumotachograph Mask Leak." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1467847573.

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Reiser, Fabian [Verfasser]. "Remote Sensing of Antarctic Sea Ice: A Novel Lead Retrieval Algorithm and Large-Scale Spatio-Temporal Variability of Sea Ice Concentration / Fabian Reiser." Trier : Universität Trier, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1230135065/34.

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DiFranco, James Michael. "Minimal Occlusive Pressure with Cuffed Endotracheal Tubes: A Comparison of Two Different Techniques to Ensure a Tracheal Seal." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1471012142.

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Books on the topic "Lead seal"

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National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, ed. United Seal Company. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1994.

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Oikonomides, Nicolas. Byzantine lead seals. Dumbarton Oaks, 1985.

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Oikonomidès, Nicolas. Byzantine lead seals. Dumbarton Oaks, 1985.

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Metcalf, D. M. Byzantine lead seals from Cyprus. Edited by Cheynet Jean-Claude and Pitsillides A. G. Cyprus Research Centre, 2004.

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Adams, Diane L. Lead seals from Fort Michilimackinac, 1715-1781. Mackinac State Historic Parks, 1989.

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Oaks, Dumbarton, ed. A collection of dated Byzantine lead seals. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 1986.

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Zacos, G. Patriarchal lead seals of the years 552-1450. A. Veglery, 1986.

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Zacos, G. Patriarchal lead seals of the years 552-1450. A. Veglery, 1986.

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MacNeill, Margaret R. Oil motion during lead closure. Esso Resources Canada Limited, Research Dept., 1987.

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Feind, Robert. Verse auf byzantinischen Bleisiegeln: Verses on Byzantine lead seals. Edition Münzen und Sammeln, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lead seal"

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Cotsonis, John A. "A seal of Patriarch Nicholas II." In The Religious Figural Imagery of Byzantine Lead Seals I. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429327193-6.

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Zhang, Gang, Jianming Guo, Qing Liu, and Haotian Wang. "Container Lead Seal Detection Based on Nano-CenterNet." In Neural Computing for Advanced Applications. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6142-7_16.

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Mastrochristos, Nikolaos. "Lead Seal of John VIII Palaiologos from Rhodes." In Studies in Byzantine Sigillography. Brepols Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sbs-eb.5.132243.

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Chen, Wei, Fancheng Kong, Yong Tian, et al. "Anti-collision Algorithm of NFC Electronic Lead Seal in Packing Box." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0115-6_52.

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Cotsonis, John A. "The Virgin Aigyptia (the Egyptian) on a Byzantine Lead Seal of Attaleia." In The Religious Figural Imagery of Byzantine Lead Seals I. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429327193-10.

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Cotsonis, John A. "An eleventh-century seal with a representation of Patriarch Antony II Kauleas." In The Religious Figural Imagery of Byzantine Lead Seals II. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429327216-4.

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Cotsonis, John A. "An early Byzantine lead seal with the image of the incredulity of Thomas *." In The Religious Figural Imagery of Byzantine Lead Seals I. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429327193-15.

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Cotsonis, John A. "An image of Saint Nicholas with the “Tongues of Fire” on a Byzantine lead seal *." In The Religious Figural Imagery of Byzantine Lead Seals II. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429327216-8.

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Zhou, Linggang, Wenhui Li, Xin Lu, et al. "Ultrasonic Image Recognition of Terminal Lead Seal Defects Based on Convolutional Neural Network." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7393-4_8.

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Huang, Youcong, Zhongnan Zheng, Zixin Lin, and Ying Zhang. "Fault Analysis and Corrosion at the Lead Seal of High-Voltage Cable Joint." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1428-5_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lead seal"

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Nilkanth, Vinay, and Akbar Naderi. "Application of Nonlinear FEA to Seal Design." In CORROSION 1992. NACE International, 1992. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1992-92066.

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Abstract With the advent of sophisticated nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (FEA) codes, the rubber industry has taken a quantum leap towards design optimization. The seal companies are also advancing towards this design tool to guide them in shape optimization. In the past, both static and dynamic seals have been designed primarily on the basis of prior experience, part prototyping, and extensive experimental test data. Today, more than ever before, the market calls for a high performance, multifunctional seal at a very low cost. Such high performance seal demands must be met with the four ma
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Ji, Yong, Daikun Wei, Chunhua Fang, et al. "Simulation Analysis of Ultrasonic High-Voltage Cable Joint Lead Seal Positioning Based on COMSOL." In 2024 4th International Conference on Intelligent Power and Systems (ICIPS). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icips64173.2024.10899905.

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Xu, Qiang, Yunjie Zhou, Hong Zhou, et al. "Analysis of Echo Peak Characteristics of Ultrasonic wave in Lead Seal Defect of High Voltage Cable Terminal." In 2024 5th International Conference on Smart Grid and Energy Engineering (SGEE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/sgee64306.2024.10865916.

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Ruschau, Gregory. "A Comparison of Some Seal Life Tests for Fluid Service." In CORROSION 1994. NACE International, 1994. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1994-94093.

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Abstract The estimated service life for elastomeric seals exposed to degradative fluids is important to both facilities engineers, who need to keep equipment operating, and materials scientists who need to understand how and why elastomers deteriorate. In this investigation, four elastomers were evaluated for use in seawater / triethylene glycol service as heat exchanger gaskets. Physical properties were measured once a week for twelve weeks to determine the rate and severity of degradation as a function of time. In addition, O-rings of some of the heat exchanger gaskets were exposed to the TE
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Ludlow, C., A. Cutler, S. Klepper, and M. van Schoor. "Non-Contacting Water Activated Bulkhead Seals: Improved Safety and Reduced Costs." In SNAME 13th Propeller and Shafting Symposium. SNAME, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/pss-2012-011.

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Bulkhead seals are critical safety components which stop progressive flooding between watertight compartments at the location of the shaft penetration through the bulkhead. Most bulkhead seal technology is based on a contacting approach where sealing materials are always in contact with the spinning shaft. Radial and axial shaft motion, vibration, shaft mis-alignment, bulkhead mis-alignment, seal orientation and air pressure differentials can cause these contacting bulkhead seals to pre-maturely wear or fail. This wear then leads to substantial maintenance costs if the seals are properly inspe
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Leishear, Robert A., and David B. Stefanko. "Relationship Between Vibrations and Mechanical Seal Life in Centrifugal Pumps." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44017.

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A reduction of vibrations in mechanical seals increases the life of the seals in centrifugal pumps by minimizing fatigue damage. Mechanical seals consist of two smooth seal faces. One face is stationary with respect to the pump. The other rotates. Between the faces a fluid film evaporates as the fluid moves radially outward across the seal face. Ideally, the film evaporates as it reaches the outer surface of the seal faces, thereby preventing leakage from the pump and effectively lubricating the two surfaces. Relative vibrations between the two surfaces affect the fluid film and lead to stress
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Fico, Vincenzo, Michael J. Pekris, Christopher J. Barnes, Rakesh Kumar Jha, and David Gillespie. "CFD and Thermal Analysis of Leaf Seals for Aero-Engine Application." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56735.

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Aero-engine gas turbine performance and efficiency can be improved through the application of compliant shaft seal types to certain sealing locations within the secondary air system. Leaf seals offer better performance than traditional labyrinth seals, giving lower leakage flows at design duties. However, for aeroengine applications, seal designs must be able to cope with relatively large off-design seal closures and closure uncertainties. The two-way coupling between temperatures of seal components and seal closures, through the frictional heat generated at the leaf-rotor interface when in co
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Kirk, Tracey, Aaron Bowsher, and Peter Crudgington. "High Temperature Brush Seal Development." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-63091.

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The industry bristle material of choice for brush seals has been the cobalt-based alloy Haynes®25 (also known as L605) for over 30 years. Haynes®25 has excellent oxidation resistance and wear properties in brush seal applications up to temperature of 620°C [1148°F]. Above this temperature creep resistance becomes undesirable for brush seal bristles and has lead to alternative sealing solutions to be implemented in these turbine locations. Nickel-based alloys have been explored as an alternative for Haynes®25 but have been shown to gall badly and wear quickly in comparison. As increases in turb
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Lattime, Scott B., and Richard Borowski. "Non-Contacting Seal for Rail Freight Applications." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37734.

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Due to increasing energy costs and emissions restrictions, many industries are paying closer attention to the energy required to keep their equipment operating. Parasitic losses in power such as those due to the drag produced by contacting lip seals that are found in a variety of rotating equipment can significantly add to the total operating costs of that equipment. In mobile industries (railroad, heavy truck, and automotive), these losses can significantly affect the amount of fuel consumed and emissions produced. Power losses due to seal drag are also accompanied with frictional heat and we
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Pedraza-Valle, Ernesto, Georgios Papageorgiou, Aaron Bowsher, et al. "On the Development of a Pressure Actuated Leaf Seal for Turbomachinery Applications." In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-90991.

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Abstract In gas turbines, seals that reduce the leakage between high and low pressure regions are critical for improved performance. Damaging rubs between the rotating and non-rotating parts of turbomachinery shaft seals occur due to thermal and assembly misalignments, and rotordynamic vibration during engine start-up and shut-down transients. These rubs lead to increased seal leakage and hence to reduced overall turbine efficiency and life span. The Film Riding Pressure Actuated Leaf Seal (FRPALS) is a non-contacting compliant seal under development to adapt to varying clearances without rubb
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Reports on the topic "Lead seal"

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Anguiano, Mark, and Aaron Rimpel. PR-316-21201-R02 Dry Gas Seal Reliability - The Effects of Liquid Contamination on Seal Performance. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0000062.

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This project continues research to enhance dry gas seal (DGS) reliability. Previous work reviewed failures from the literature and experience of manufacturers and end users and identified that liquid contamination was the most common cause, but it was concluded that there was insufficient quantitative data to base recommendations on for further DGS reliability enhancements. Therefore, experimental and analytical investigations were pursued to fill the void. The ultimate objective was to be able to predict DGS failures due to liquid contamination, which could lead to greater DGS reliability thr
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Rimpel, Aaron, Abhay Patil, and Mark Anguiano. PR-316-21201-R01 A Study of the Effects of Liquid Contamination on Seal Performance. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012229.

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This project is a continuation of research to enhance dry gas seal (DGS) reliability. Previous work reviewed failures from literature and experience of manufacturers and end-users and identified that liquid contamination was the most common cause, but it was concluded there was insufficient quantitative data to base recommendations on for further DGS reliability enhancements. Therefore, experimental and analytical investigations were pursued to fill the void. The ultimate objective was to be able to predict DGS failures due to liquid contamination, which could lead to greater DGS reliability t
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Rimpel, Aaron. PR-316-17200-R03 A Study of the Effects of Liquid Contamination on Seal Performance. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012015.

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This project is a continuation of research to enhance dry gas seal (DGS) reliability. Previous work reviewed failures from literature and experience of manufacturers and end-users and identified that liquid contamination was the most common cause, but it was concluded there was insufficient quantitative data to base recommendations on for further DGS reliability enhancements. Therefore, experimental and analytical investigations were pursued to fill the void. The ultimate objective was to be able to predict DGS failures due to liquid contamination, which could lead to greater DGS reliability t
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Poerner. PR-015-11211-R01 Mechanical Seal Auxiliary Systems Guideline. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010789.

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The reliance on centrifugal pumps the world over implies a heavy reliance on mechanical seals. In order to get the highest level of performance from the seals, auxiliary systems are used either to condition the seal operating environment or monitor the systems and detect failures. Current standards already exist that recommend seal auxiliary systems based on certain pump operating conditions, and are widely accepted in the industry both among seal end-users and vendors. And because of their knowledge on the actual seals, the vendors are the primary source for end-users to receive designs and e
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Lewan. PR-389-114503-R02 Leak Prevention in CO2 Pipeline Valves and Launches by Correct Seal Material Selection. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010537.

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PRCI required guidelines for pipeline valve stem seals in CO2 rich applications such as for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and carbon capture and storage (CCS). In particular, guidance was needed to ascertain when standard O-rings may be used, when a switch to rapid gas decompression (RGD) resistant O-rings is recommended and when O-rings should be replaced by more robust energized lip seals and/or by more robust seal materials. The guidelines would interface with both NORSOK M 710 Rev. 3 and ISO 23936-2, and give specific details on procedures, steps and decisions that have to be taken when atte
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Johnson, Derek, and Nigel Clark. PR-746-22204-R01 Review of Technologies to Enable In-situ Valve Service to Reduce Methane Emissions. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0000058.

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Leaking gas industry valve stem seals are recognized as a substantial source of atmospheric methane, which is a greenhouse gas. Newly proposed regulations include methane alongside volatile organic compound emissions, with leak detection and repair requirements. If a leak is identified a first attempt at repair must occur no later than five calendar days after identification, or else be justifiably delayed. The objective of this report is to review valve technology and methods used to address in-situ valve stem leak repair that offers an economical solution with reduced service disruption. A w
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Lewan. PR-389-114503-R01 Leak Prevention in CO2 Pipeline Valves and Launches By Correct Seal Material Selection. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010086.

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Abstract:
Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI) required guidelines for pipeline valve stem seals in CO2 rich applications such as for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and carbon capture and storage (CCS). In particular, guidance was needed to ascertain when standard O-rings may be used, when a switch to rapid gas decompression (RGD) resistant O-rings is recommended and when O-rings should be replaced by more robust energized lip seals and/or by more robust seal materials. The guidelines would interface with both NORSOK M 710 Rev. 3 and ISO 23936-2, and give specific details on procedures, ste
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8

Huebner. PR-375-09206-R01 Pump Seal Leak Reduction Systems for Unmanned Stations. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010749.

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This report investigates the current state of sealing in liquid hydrocarbon pipelines, regulations which have impacted the industry and technology which is available to improve performance. The study analyzed the following fundamental categories: Prevention, Prediction, Detection, Containment and Disposal. Prevention considers establishing and measuring objectives for seal operations and creating an infrastructure to insure these goals are met. Prediction is creating capabilities to effectively monitor sealing system parameters to predict and prevent failures. Detection is the area where indus
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Ruff, E. S., and S. R. Jordan. MWTF jumper connector integral seal block development and leak testing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/50980.

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Wilkowski and Eiber. L51701 Determination of Clamp Repairable Leaks. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010113.

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Once a leak in a subsea pipeline has been located, there are several methods available to deal with it. These range in cost and difficulty from relaying the line to clamping. Clamping is obviously the quickest and least expensive method. However, there are not clear guidelines as to where clamp repair is applicable. The object of this project is to explore the limits of a dent which may be sealed by a clamp. This is to determine whether or not a particular dent can be sealed by the prototype clamp. This work was done with the aid of non-linear finite element analysis of a typical rubber seal u
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