Academic literature on the topic 'Lead soaps'

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Journal articles on the topic "Lead soaps"

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Corbeil, Marie-Claude, and Laurianne Robinet. "X-ray powder diffraction data for selected metal soaps." Powder Diffraction 17, no. 1 (2002): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1431950.

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In order to better characterize metal soaps found in paint films or on metal surfaces, several metal soaps were synthesized and their X-ray powder diffraction patterns measured. Metal soaps were obtained from four different fatty acids found in drying oils, two saturated (palmitic and stearic acids) and two unsaturated (oleic and linoleic acids), and from copper, zinc, and lead, three metals that are typically found in metal alloys and paint systems. X-ray powder diffraction data are reported for the following compounds: palmitic acid, stearic acid, zinc palmitate, zinc stearate, zinc oleate,
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Keune, Katrien, Annelies van Loon, and Jaap J. Boon. "SEM Backscattered-Electron Images of Paint Cross Sections as Information Source for the Presence of the Lead White Pigment and Lead-Related Degradation and Migration Phenomena in Oil Paintings." Microscopy and Microanalysis 17, no. 5 (2011): 696–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927610094444.

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AbstractScanning electron microscopy backscattered-electron images of paint cross sections show the compositional contrast within the paint system. They not only give valuable information about the pigment composition and layer structure but also about the aging processes in the paint. This article focuses on the reading of backscatter images of lead white-containing samples from traditional oil paintings (17th–19th centuries). In contrast to modern lead white, traditional stack process lead white is characterized by a wide particle size distribution. Changes in particle morphology and distrib
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Martínez-Casado, F. J., M. Ramos-Riesco, J. A. Rodríguez-Cheda, et al. "Lead(ii) soaps: crystal structures, polymorphism, and solid and liquid mesophases." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 26 (2017): 17009–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp02351k.

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Cotte, Marine, Emilie Checroun, Wout De Nolf, et al. "Lead soaps in paintings: Friends or foes?" Studies in Conservation 62, no. 1 (2016): 2–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2016.1232529.

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M.H. Zeiny, Sarmad. "Isolation of Some Microorganisms from Bar Soaps and Liquid Soaps in Hospital Environments." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512) 18, no. 1 (2017): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol18iss1pp28-32.

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This study was designed to determine the colonization of the in-use hand washing soaps in hospital settings. It is a comparative cross-sectional research in a surgical specialties and Baghdad teaching hospital in Baghdad, Iraq. Swabs from surfaces of bar soaps and from liquid soaps via their applicator tips; at the sinks of toilets of hospital staff and working rooms of the wards were taken in January 2008. Conventional microbiologic methods were used for culture of the swabs and identification of the isolates. Colonization was detected 60% and 15.9% in bars and liquid forms respectively. And
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Al Qindy, Wildan Hidayah, and Dia Septiani. "Effect of Using Natural Liquid Soap on the Effectiveness of Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteria Control and Skin Health: A Review." Jurnal Pijar Mipa 19, no. 6 (2024): 1010–17. https://doi.org/10.29303/jpm.v19i6.7879.

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The skin is a protective barrier against environmental disturbances and infections. Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterium on human skin that can lead to infections. In light of this, the study investigates the effectiveness of natural liquid soaps in controlling Staphylococcus aureus while promoting overall skin health. The primary objective is to showcase the advantages of using natural ingredients in liquid soap formulations compared to synthetic chemicals. To achieve this, the researchers conducted a systematic literature review (SLR), utilizing reputable databases such as PubMed and
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Catalano, Jaclyn, Yao Yao, Anna Murphy, Nicholas Zumbulyadis, Silvia A. Centeno, and Cecil Dybowski. "Analysis of Lead Carboxylates and Lead-Containing Pigments in Oil Paintings by Solid- State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance." MRS Proceedings 1656 (July 18, 2014): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2014.707.

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ABSTRACTSoap formation in traditional oil paintings occurs when heavy-metal-containing pigments, such as lead white, 2Pb(CO3)2·Pb(OH)2, and lead-tin yellow type I, Pb2SnO4, react with fatty acids in the binding medium. These soaps may form aggregates that can be 100-200 μm in diameter, which swell and protrude through the paint surface, resulting in the degradation of the paint film and damage to the integrity of the artwork. In addition, soap formation has been reported to play a role in the increased transparency of paint films that allows the painting support, the preparatory drawing, and t
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MWAMBA MAKAMA, Yannick, Joachim MAYONGA ZOTUKA, Elie MUNIA, Daniel NGWAMASHI, Patrice KIMUBWILA WAY WAY, and Jean SUNGULA KAYEMBE. "ETUDE COMPARATIVE DES PARAMETRES PHYSICOCHIMIQUES ET DES CONCENTRATIONS MICELLAIRES CRITIQUES (CMC) DE QUELQUES SAVONS COMMERCIALISES A KIKWIT EN REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO." Journal Africain des Sciences 1, no. 2 (2024): 58–63. https://doi.org/10.70237/jafrisci.2024.v1.i2.07.

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Soap is a daily-use product for both laundry and bathing. It is obtained by the saponification reaction of an oil with a strong base (KOH, NaOH...). In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, quality control of solid soaps is often limited to determining moisture content and total free alkali. However, the effectiveness and cleaning properties of a soap depend on several other physicochemical parameters in addition to these two. Nine laundry soaps and one toilet soap sold on the KIKWIT market were analyzed to determine not only water content and total free alkali, but also pH, alcohol- and water
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Poli, Tommaso, Michael P. Haaf, Anna Piccirillo, Abby P. Costa, Rebecca L. Craig, and Federica Pozzi. "First Insights into the Formation of Metal Soaps in Alkyd-Based Paints: A Proof-of-Concept Investigation Using FTIR Spectroscopy." Molecules 29, no. 24 (2024): 5840. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29245840.

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The formation of metal soaps or carboxylates in oil paintings is a widely studied topic. Expanding upon the extant research on the subject, this work investigates the formation of metal soaps as pertaining to alkyd-based media. Especially popular in modern and contemporary art, alkyd paints are complex commercial formulations mainly containing a polyester backbone obtained by the condensation of glycerol and phthalic acids, where the third free alcoholic function is esterified with a blend of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The formulation may also contain cross-linking agents, dries, a
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Givens, D. I., Jeannie M. Everington, and N. Shepperson. "The rumen solubility of a calcium soap of palm fatty acids." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1989 (March 1989): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600011417.

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Several experiments have shown (see Armstrong and Ross, 1968) that the addition of fats to ruminant diets can lead to a reduction in the digestibilities of forage cell walls due to adverse effects on the rumen microflora. Jenkins and Palmquist (1982) showed in vitro that the in situ formation of calcium soaps in the rumen could prevent this problem. Subsequently Jenkins and Palmquist (1984) have provided evidence that the feeding of preformed calcium soaps of tallow and soya oil fatty acids to dairy cows allowed normal rumen digestion of cell walls whereas non-saponified tallow fatty acids cau
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lead soaps"

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Laporte, Lucie. "Propriétés des huiles utilisées en peinture : rôle des siccatifs au plomb." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUS375.pdf.

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À partir du XVe siècle, les peintres préparent leurs peintures en broyant les pigments en présence d’huiles siccatives, comme l’huile de lin. Cette dernière constitue le liant, et forme un film solide après un long temps d’exposition à l’air. Afin d’accélérer le processus de séchage, il était d’usage pour les peintres de traiter leurs huiles avant d’y adjoindre des pigments. De nombreuses recettes historiques recommandent de chauffer les huiles en présence d’oxydes métalliques, appelés siccatifs. Parmi eux, l’oxyde de plomb (II) PbO était le plus fréquemment utilisé. En complément, de l’eau po
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Devesa, Joana Moura. "Treatment of a nineteenth century male portrait in oil including the characterisation of materials, technique and a study of the lead soap aggregation in the paint composite." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9754.

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Conservação e Restauro<br>This project involved the conservation of a 19th century portrait in oils from the Ecomuseu do Seixal (Portugal). The painting of “João Luiz Lourenço” was in very poor condition. Because of the range and severity of the problems presented, it offered an opportunity to explore important aspects of painting conservation in-depth. The approach to its treatment required an empirical investigation of a number of materials and techniques used in the field of conservation/restoration. Of additional interest, the painting exhibi
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Books on the topic "Lead soaps"

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VIVIENNE, BLATTEIS ANGELA VELLA. SOUP CLEANSE: Eat your way to a clean, lean, nourished body in less than a week. QUERCUS Publishing, 2016.

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Cowden, Lisa. Ladle, Leaf and Loaf: Soup, Salad, and Bread for Every Season. Houghton Mifflin, 2000.

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Asbell, Robin. Great Bowls of Food: One-Bowl Meals Made with Healthy Grains, Noodles, Lean Proteins, and Veggies. Norton & Company, Incorporated, W. W., 2016.

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Lloyd, Maia. Eating Clean But Keep It Lean Weight Loss Secrets and Recipes ? Soups and Salads. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2016.

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Foster, Sarah. Lean and Green Cookbook 2021 Lean and Green Soup and Stew Recipes: Healthy easy-to-make and tasty recipes for your Soups and Stews that will slim down ... With Lean&Green Foods and Foods to Avoid. Writebetter Ltd, 2021.

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Hallam, Lindsay. Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me. Liverpool University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781911325642.001.0001.

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When David Lynch's film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me, a prequel to the television series Twin Peaks, premiered at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival, it was met with met with outright hostility. Subsequent reviews from critics were almost unanimously negative, and many fans of the show felt betrayed, as their beloved town was suddenly revealed as a personal hell. Yet in the years since the film's release, there has begun to be a gradual wave of reappraisal and appreciation, one that accelerated with the broadcast of Twin Peaks: The Return in 2017. What has been central to this reevaluation is the
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LoBrutto, Vincent. TV in the USA. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216989936.

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This three-volume set is a valuable resource for researching the history of American television. An encyclopedic range of information documents how television forever changed the face of media and continues to be a powerful influence on society. What are the reasons behind enduring popularity of television genres such as police crime dramas, soap operas, sitcoms, and "reality TV"? What impact has television had on the culture and morality of American life? Does television largely emulate and reflect real life and society, or vice versa? How does television's influence differ from that of other
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LoBrutto, Vincent. TV in the USA. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216989929.

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This three-volume set is a valuable resource for researching the history of American television. An encyclopedic range of information documents how television forever changed the face of media and continues to be a powerful influence on society. What are the reasons behind enduring popularity of television genres such as police crime dramas, soap operas, sitcoms, and "reality TV"? What impact has television had on the culture and morality of American life? Does television largely emulate and reflect real life and society, or vice versa? How does television's influence differ from that of other
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LoBrutto, Vincent. TV in the USA. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216989943.

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This three-volume set is a valuable resource for researching the history of American television. An encyclopedic range of information documents how television forever changed the face of media and continues to be a powerful influence on society. What are the reasons behind enduring popularity of television genres such as police crime dramas, soap operas, sitcoms, and "reality TV"? What impact has television had on the culture and morality of American life? Does television largely emulate and reflect real life and society, or vice versa? How does television's influence differ from that of other
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Day, Ivan P. Cooking in Europe, 1650-1850. www.greenwood.com, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400631986.

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From the Baroque Era to the Victorian Era, 1650-1850, unprecedented changes took place in the food ways and dining habits of European society. This daily life aspect of history comes alive for students and food enthusiasts as they read and try out these recipes, most translated into English for the first time. There are nearly 200 recipes, organized overall by the mini-periods of the Baroque and Rococo Era, the Reign of Louis XV to the French Revolution, and the reign of Napoleon to the Victorian Era. Author Ivan Day, a renowned food historian who specializes in meticulous recreation of these
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Book chapters on the topic "Lead soaps"

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Keune, Katrien, Rick P. Kramer, Suzanne Stangier, and Margriet H. van Eikema Hommes. "Impact of Lead Soaps on the Formation of Age Craquelure." In Metal Soaps in Art. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90617-1_6.

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Catalano, Jaclyn, Anna Murphy, Yao Yao, Nicholas Zumbulyadis, Silvia A. Centeno, and Cecil Dybowski. "Understanding the Dynamics and Structure of Lead Soaps in Oil Paintings Using Multinuclear NMR." In Metal Soaps in Art. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90617-1_4.

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Cotte, Marine, Laurence De Viguerie, Emilie Checroun, Jean Susini, and Philippe Walter. "Historical Evolutions of Lead-Fat/Oil Formula from Antiquity to Modern Times in a Set of European Pharmaceutical and Painting Treatises." In Metal Soaps in Art. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90617-1_5.

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Martínez-Casado, Francisco J., José A. Rodríguez-Cheda, Miguel Ramos-Riesco, María Isabel Redondo-Yélamos, Fabio Cucinotta, and Alejandro Fernández-Martínez. "Physicochemistry of Pure Lead(II) Soaps: Crystal Structures, Solid and Liquid Mesophases, and Glass Phases – Crystallographic, Calorimetric, and Pair Distribution Function Analysis." In Metal Soaps in Art. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90617-1_13.

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Van Loon, Annelies, Laura Eva Hartman, Julia van den Burg, Ralph Haswell, and Carol Pottasch. "The Development of an Aqueous Gel Testing Procedure for the Removal of Lead-Rich Salt Crusts on the Surface of Paintings by Giovanni Antonio Pellegrini (1675–1741) in the “Golden Room” of the Mauritshuis." In Metal Soaps in Art. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90617-1_16.

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Sawicka, Alysia, Aviva Burnstock, Francesca Caterina Izzo, et al. "An Investigation into the Viability of Removal of Lead Soap Efflorescence from Contemporary Oil Paintings." In Issues in Contemporary Oil Paint. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10100-2_21.

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U H, Dr ASHA JYOTHI. "BUILDING SERVICES." In HABITATS: HOLISTIC APPROACHES TO BUILDING, INTERIORS AND TECHNICAL SYSTEMS. NOBLE SCIENCE PRESS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.52458/9788196897444.nsp2024.eb.ch-10.

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The strength and composition of the domestic wastewater varies based on the time of the day, activities, and season. The waste depends upon the living style of the inmates, the quantity of water consumption, eating habits, and the standard of living. The waste water called grey water is categorized with a musty smell and content of solid matter. The solid matter is a mixture of grease, oil, food remains, soaps, salts, feces, detergents, metals, sand, and grit. The solid may be suspended or dissolved consisting of chemical and biological processes. The suspended solid can lead to sludge formati
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Jones, R. A. L. "Introduction and overview." In Soft Condensed Matter. Oxford University PressOxford, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198505907.003.0001.

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Abstract Soft condensed matter (or soft matter, for brevity) is a convenient term for materials in states of matter that are neither simple liquids nor crystalline solids of the type studied in other branches of solid state physics. Many such materials are familiar from everyday life-glues, paints, and soaps, for example-while others are important in industrial processes, such as the polymer melts that are moulded and extruded to form plastics. Much of the food we eat can be classed as soft matter, and indeed the stuff of life itself shares the qualities of mutability and responsiveness to its
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Manzoor, Javid, and Manoj Sharma. "Impact of Textile Dyes on Human Health and Environment." In Impact of Textile Dyes on Public Health and the Environment. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0311-9.ch008.

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The textile industry is one of the important industries that generates a large amount of industrial effluents. Color is the main attraction of any fabric. Manufacture and use of synthetic dyes for fabric dyeing has therefore become a massive industry. Synthetic dyes have provided a wide range of colorfast, bright hues. However, their toxic nature has become a cause of grave concern to environmentalists. Use of synthetic dyes has an adverse effect on all forms of life. Presence of sulphur, naphthol, vat dyes, nitrates, acetic acid, soaps, enzymes chromium compounds, and heavy metals like copper
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Jayathilaka, Hiranya, Chandra Krintz, and Rich Wolski. "Service-Driven Computing with APIs." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6178-3.ch015.

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While both SOAP and REST have been used widely to implement Web services and software integration, over time REST has emerged as the predominant approach. REST provides developers with a lower barrier to entry for implementation and greater development flexibility than SOAP. Its architectural conventions and best practices can be integrated into Web services incrementally as opposed to the all-or-nothing adoption of SOAP. In order to achieve generality, SOAP standards are extensive, rigid, and complex. This complexity can lead to implementations that introduce significant overhead on the netwo
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Conference papers on the topic "Lead soaps"

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Hincapie, Rafael E., Ante Borovina, Torsten Clemens, et al. "Alkali Polymer Flooding of Viscous Reactive Oil." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210240-ms.

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Abstract Displacing viscous oil by water leads to poor displacement efficiency owing to the high mobility ratio and viscous fingering. Polymer injection increases oil recovery by reducing viscous fingering and improving sweep efficiency. We are showing how Alkali-Polymer (AP) flooding is substantially improving production of reactive viscous oil from a Romanian oil field. IFT measurements, coreflood and micro-model experiments were used to understand and optimize the physico-chemical processes leading to incremental oil recovery. Extensive IFT measurements were performed at different alkali an
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Jaw, Shenq-Yuh, Robert R. Hwang, and K. L. Shyu. "Development and Application of LED Illumination Color PIV." In ASME 2006 2nd Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting Collocated With the 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2006-98090.

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In this study, red, green, and blue light-emitting diodes (LED) are adopted as the light source to illuminate sequentially a two-dimensional soap film channel flow. Triple-exposure particle image is recorded on the same image frame by a 3-ccd color camera. Since the particles illuminated by the R, G, B LED will only be recorded on the R, G, B ccd-chip of the digital camera, three sequential exposure, R, G, B particle images can be obtained from separating the triple-exposure particle image. Two sequential velocity fields can be determined from the correlation analysis of the R-G and G-B sequen
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Zhang, Lulu, Chunyang Yu, Yue Zhang, Menglan He, and Wei Wang. "Calibration Device for Reference Leak Value by Soap Film Flowmeter." In 19th International Flow Measurement Conference 2022. IMEKO, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/tc9-2022.019.

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Marliati, N., I. Pranita Sirega, and C. Ulina Tarigan. "Formulation of transparent soap with pandan leaf powder (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.)." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED INFORMATION SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENT (ICAISD) 2021: Innovating Scientific Learning for Deep Communication. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0110903.

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Putri, Windi Eka Syah. "The Quality Of Transparent Soap With Addition Of Moringa Leaf Extract." In 1st International Conference on Social, Applied Science and Technology in Home Economics (ICONHOMECS 2017). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iconhomecs-17.2018.22.

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Viani, Vivin, Vivi Oktaviani, Habibi Hidayat, and Is Fatimah. "Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ocimum citriodorum leaf extract for antibacterial soap application." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY, CHEMICAL PROCESS AND ENGINEERING (IC3PE). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0062196.

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Igleski, Joseph R., Douglas L. Van Bossuyt, and Tahira Reid. "The Application of Retrospective Customer Needs Cultural Risk Indicator Method to Soap Dispenser Design for Children in Ethiopia." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60530.

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We present here the design and analysis of a cost-effective soap dispenser that prevents bar soap theft in schools in developing countries. The intended region of deployment is within Ethiopia and surrounding areas. Lack of public hygiene is attributed to 1.4 million global deaths annually due to preventable diarrheal diseases. Using soap while washing hands is estimated to decreases death due to diarrheal diseases by half. Theft of soap from public wash stations, such as those found in schools, is believed to contribute to the spread of diarrheal diseases. Currently there exists no adequate c
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Liu, Jing, and Yang Yang. "Cryogenic and Fluidic Ways Lead to Low Cost Micro/Nano Devices." In ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2009-82143.

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Building systems as compactly as possible has been a major theme in modern science and engineering practices. However, such enthusiastic endeavor often encounters big troubles due to high cost and complexity of the process it involves. Part of the reasons comes from the methodology itself, the fabrication, designing and characterization procedure etc. Among various disciplines to making micro/nano object, those enabled from the thermal and hydrodynamic science plays a rather important role. In this article, we will illustrate a cryogenic way for realizing a group of different micro/nano device
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Kobayashi, Takashi. "A Rapid Testing Procedure to Characterize Fundamental Sealing Behavior of Gaskets." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71457.

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In this paper, a testing procedure to obtain fundamental sealing behavior of gasket is discussed. The testing procedure consists of 12 combinations of gasket stresses and internal pressures. It takes about 3 hours to complete one test, which is acceptable for gasket manufacturers. In order to clarify the validity of the testing procedure, measurements of leak rates of compressed fiber sheet gaskets were carried out and also experiments to check a detectable leak rate by the soapy bubble test were carried out separately. It has shown that the fundamental sealing behavior can be well characteriz
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Elabrashy, Manar, Zubair Khan, Haris Shakeel Abbasi, et al. "Unloading Liquid Loaded Wells- How Conventional Solutions Contribute to Sustainability Targets." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211241-ms.

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Abstract In the normal life of an oil or gas well, sometimes the well produce water in conjunction with the desired hydrocarbons. In the initial stage of life of the wells, the wells have sufficient energy to carry undesired water through the well bore and out of well to the surface. With the passage of time, the reservoir pressure depletes, and it leads to a decrease in well production. When this occurs the flowing pressure decrease and have an adverse effect on the well to carry and remove the undesired water being produced by the well. When the well can't carry said water out of the well bo
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Reports on the topic "Lead soaps"

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Mikula, R. J., I. S. Parsons, V. A. Munoz, W. W. Lam, C. Payette, and K. C. McAuley. High-temperature settling of bitumen from Aostra's underground test facility. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331489.

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Several bitumen samples from AOSTRA's Underground Test Facility were obtained (heat exchanger outlet) in order to characterize the emulsion droplet size distribution and to ultimately establish whether or not high temperature settling could successfully be used to separate the bitumen and water phases. Characterization of the dispersed phase was not straightforward since the samples varied. The samples would sometimes be separated into a large bitumen mass and significant free water and sometimes be quite fluid with dispersed bitumen. It was our opinion that sampling contamination, perhaps wit
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Rosato-Scott, Claire, Dani J. Barrington, Amita Bhakta, Sarah J. House, Islay Mactaggart, and Jane Wilbur. Incontinence: We Need to Talk About Leaks. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2020.005.

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Anyone, of any gender, at any age, can leak urine or faeces. What would you do if it happened to you? Imagine if you’d woken up this morning and you’d wet the bed. What would you do? Have a wash, put on clean clothes, change the bedding and put it in a washing machine? You may go to the shop and buy an incontinence pad. And perhaps if you knew that there was help available for leaking urine you’d make an appointment to see a doctor next week and then just carry on with the rest of your day, dignity intact. Now imagine if you’d woken up this morning and you’d wet the bed. But to have a wash, or
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3

Rosato-Scott, Claire, Dani J. Barrington, Amita Bhakta, Sarah J. House, Islay Mactaggart, and Jane Wilbur. Incontinence: We Need to Talk About Leaks. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2020.011.

Full text
Abstract:
Anyone, of any gender, at any age, can leak urine or faeces. What would you do if it happened to you? Imagine if you’d woken up this morning and you’d wet the bed. What would you do? Have a wash, put on clean clothes, change the bedding and put it in a washing machine? You may go to the shop and buy an incontinence pad. And perhaps if you knew that there was help available for leaking urine you’d make an appointment to see a doctor next week and then just carry on with the rest of your day, dignity intact. Now imagine if you’d woken up this morning and you’d wet the bed. But to have a wash, or
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4

Thompson, Joseph. How WASH Programming has Adapted to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.001.

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Since first appearing at the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread at a pace and scale not seen before. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic. A rapid response was called for, and actors across the globe worked quickly to develop sets of preventative measures to contain the disease. One mode of transmission identified early on in the crisis was via surfaces and objects (fomites) (Howard et al. 2020). To combat this, hand hygiene was put forward as a key preventative measure and heralded as ‘the first line of defence agains
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5

Thompson, Joseph. How WASH Programming has Adapted to the COVID-19 Pandemic. The Sanitation Learning Hub, Institute of Development Studies, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.0015.

Full text
Abstract:
Since first appearing at the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread at a pace and scale not seen before. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic. A rapid response was called for, and actors across the globe worked quickly to develop sets of preventative measures to contain the disease. One mode of transmission identified early on in the crisis was via surfaces and objects (fomites) (Howard et al. 2020). To combat this, hand hygiene was put forward as a key preventative measure and heralded as ‘the first line of defence agains
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6

Rosato-Scott, Claire, Dani J. Barrington, Amita Bhakta, Sarah J. House, Islay Mactaggart, and Jane Wilbur. How to Talk About Incontinence: A Checklist. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2020.006.

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Abstract:
Incontinence is the medical term used to describe the involuntary loss of urine or faeces. Women, men, girls, boys and people of all genders, at any age, can experience incontinence. A person with incontinence can experience leakage occasionally, regularly or constantly; and leakage can happen at any time, day or night. A person may also experience leakage of urinary or faecal matter due to not being able to get to the toilet in time or not wanting to use the toilet facilities available. This is known as social, or functional, incontinence. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) unde
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7

Rosato-Scott, Claire, Dani J. Barrington, Amita Bhakta, Sarah J. House, Islay Mactaggart, and Wilbur Jane. How to Talk About Incontinence: A Checklist. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2020.012.

Full text
Abstract:
Incontinence is the medical term used to describe the involuntary loss of urine or faeces. Women, men, girls, boys and people of all genders, at any age, can experience incontinence. A person with incontinence can experience leakage occasionally, regularly or constantly; and leakage can happen at any time, day or night. A person may also experience leakage of urinary or faecal matter due to not being able to get to the toilet in time or not wanting to use the toilet facilities available. This is known as social, or functional, incontinence. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) unde
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8

Bowles, David, Michael Williams, Hope Dodd, et al. Protocol for monitoring aquatic invertebrates of small streams in the Heartland Inventory & Monitoring Network: Version 2.1. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284622.

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The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network (HTLN) is a component of the National Park Service’s (NPS) strategy to improve park management through greater reliance on scientific information. The purposes of this program are to design and implement long-term ecological monitoring and provide information for park managers to evaluate the integrity of park ecosystems and better understand ecosystem processes. Concerns over declining surface water quality have led to the development of various monitoring approaches to assess stream water quality. Freshwater streams in network parks are threaten
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