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Journal articles on the topic 'Lead styphnate'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 July 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Payne, J. R. "Thermochemistry of lead styphnate." Thermochimica Acta 242 (August 1994): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(94)85003-8.

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2

Fronabarger, John W., Michael D. Williams, William B. Sanborn, Damon A. Parrish, and Magdy Bichay. "KDNP - A Lead Free Replacement for Lead Styphnate." Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 36, no. 5 (2011): 459–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.201100055.

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3

Li, Ying, Wen-Yuan Zhao, Zhen-Hao Mi, Li Yang, Zun-Ning Zhou, and Tong-Lai Zhang. "Graphene-modified explosive lead styphnate composites." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 124, no. 2 (2015): 683–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-015-5138-3.

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4

陈, 太林. "Comprehensive Treatment for Wastewater of Lead Styphnate." Water pollution and treatment 05, no. 01 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/wpt.2017.51001.

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5

Zhou, Mingrui, Zhimin Li, Zunning Zhou, et al. "Antistatic Modification of Lead Styphnate and Lead Azide for Surfactant Applications." Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 38, no. 4 (2013): 569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.201300007.

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6

Liu, Jianchao, Yutong Jiang, Wenchao Tong, Tonglai Zhang, and Li Yang. "Thermal Kinetic Parameters of Lead Azide and Lead Styphnate with Antistatic Additives." Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 41, no. 2 (2015): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.201500138.

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7

Türker, Lemi. "PM3 treatment of lead styphnate and its mono ionic forms." Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 681, no. 1-3 (2004): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theochem.2004.04.052.

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8

Xue, Yan, Chang Jun Shi, Xiao Ming Ren, Lan Liu, and Rui Zhen Xie. "Study of MEMS Based Micropyrotechnic Igniter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 472 (January 2014): 750–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.750.

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Micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) have recently seen their field of application extended to military. This is mainly due to the fact that MEMS technologies present a great to reduce the mass, cost, power consumption, while improving the reliability, performance and smartness. Application of MEMS technology, the micropyrotechnic igniter are produced.The principle is based on the integration of lead styphnate (LTNR) material within a micropyrotechnic igniter, which is produced by MEMS with 3 by 3 micro-igniter. Each igniter contains three parts (the igniter chip, silicon chamber, lead styph
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9

Lipanov, A. M., and V. D. Golovatenko. "Ignition of lead styphnate by a filament in an explosive attachment." Journal of «Almaz – Antey» Air and Space Defence Corporation, no. 4 (January 20, 2021): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.38013/2542-0542-2020-4-69-76.

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10

Szimhardt, Norbert, Maximilian H. H. Wurzenberger, Andreas Beringer, Lena J. Daumann, and Jörg Stierstorfer. "Coordination chemistry with 1-methyl-5H-tetrazole: cocrystallization, laser-ignition, lead-free primary explosives – one ligand, three goals." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 45 (2017): 23753–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta07780g.

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Numerous energetic coordination complexes (Mn<sup>II</sup>, Fe<sup>II</sup>, Co<sup>II</sup>, Ni<sup>II</sup>, Cu<sup>II</sup>, Zn<sup>II</sup>, and Ag<sup>I</sup>) using 1-methyl-tetrazole as the ligand were synthesized and tuned by different counteranions (e.g. NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup>, picrate, and styphnate). They show great potential for mechanical or optical initiation systems.
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11

Whelan, Daniel J., Branka Pletikapa, and Mark Fitzgerald. "The thermal decomposition of basic lead styphnate RD 1349 at its ignition temperature." Journal of Energetic Materials 7, no. 1-2 (1989): 133–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07370658908012563.

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12

Li, Hanjian, Qing Zhou, Hui Ren, Qingjie Jiao, Shujing Du, and Guili Yang. "Ignition characteristics of semiconductor bridge based on lead styphnate and lead azide charges under capacitor discharge conditions." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 241 (April 2016): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2016.02.006.

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13

Li, Zhi-Min, Ming-Rui Zhou, Tong-Lai Zhang, Jian-Guo Zhang, Li Yang, and Zun-Ning Zhou. "The facile synthesis of graphene nanoplatelet–lead styphnate composites and their depressed electrostatic hazards." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 1, no. 41 (2013): 12710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta13177g.

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14

Dvorovenko, N. "The disclosure of domain structure in microcrystals of lead styphnate by the means of irradiation." Solid State Ionics 101-103, no. 1-2 (1997): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2738(97)00362-7.

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15

DVOROVENKO, N. "The disclosure of domain structure in microcrystals of lead styphnate by the means of irradiation." Solid State Ionics 101-103 (November 1997): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2738(97)84045-3.

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16

Zhao, Shuangfei, Fanyuhui Yan, Peng Zhu, et al. "Micro‐Segmented Flow Technology Applied for Synthesis and Shape Control of Lead Styphnate Micro‐Particles." Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 43, no. 3 (2017): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.201700246.

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17

Ma, Peng, Lin Zhang, Shunguan Zhu, Lei Zhang, and Houhe Chen. "Non-plasma ignition of lead styphnate by a semiconductor bridge and its comparison with plasma ignition." Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 47, no. 1 (2011): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s001050821101014x.

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18

Ji, Fangzhou, Haoxiang Yin, Heng Zhang, Yunhong Zhang, and Bo Lai. "Treatment of military primary explosives wastewater containing lead styphnate (LS) and lead azide (LA) by mFe 0 -PS-O 3 process." Journal of Cleaner Production 188 (July 2018): 860–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.029.

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19

Lu, Feipeng, Ruishan Han, Shaoqun Li, et al. "Thermal properties regulation of primary explosive based on adhesives’ composition effect." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2891, no. 2 (2024): 022021. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2891/2/022021.

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Abstract With the upgrading and development of weapons, primary explosive charge methods based on extrusion/printing technology had become important direction for the support capacity improvement for in service and novel equipment. Binders as the key component in extrusion/printing based primary explosive charge technology, its influence on primary explosives hadn’t been investigated, which shown important influence on energetic materials’ safety and reliability. Thus, primary explosive-binder compositions, (Nitrocellulose (NC), ethylcellulose(EC), and Viton (F) were employed as typical binder
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20

Zhang, Limei, Yongqi Da, Wei Zhang, et al. "Evaluating the Output Performance of the Semiconductor Bridge Through Principal Component Analysis." Nanomaterials 15, no. 9 (2025): 672. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15090672.

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The complex burst characteristic parameters of SCB were subjected to dimensionality reduction using principal component analysis (PCA), enabling accurate evaluation of the output performance of SCB. The accuracy and reliability of the PCA method were also validated. A 100 μF tantalum capacitor was utilized to excite the SCB, while a digital oscilloscope recorded the characteristic parameters of the SCB explosion. The experimental results demonstrate that the critical burst time of SCB decreases with the rising voltage, and the critical burst energy decreases first and then increases with the r
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21

Sipe, Sarah N., Courtney A. Cruse, Christopher A. Tipple, and Mark L. Miller. "Trace detection of styphnate from pre‐ and post‐blast samples by hydrophilic interaction chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 38, no. 19 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.9882.

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RationaleAlthough ubiquitous in explosives and ammunition, few trace methods for detection of heavy metal‐containing primary explosives from forensic samples are currently in practice.MethodsExtracts of cotton swabs or direct sampling of items were cleaned up using solid‐phase extraction to remove heavy metal contaminants (i.e., lead) while retaining the organic styphnate component. The styphnate was chromatographically separated using hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) and detected via high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) using a sensitive, targeted approach in five mi
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22

Yan, Yun-Fan, Jian-Gang Xu, Fei Wen, et al. "Sensitive structural motifs separately distributed in azide-based 3D EMOFs: A primary explosive with excellent initiation ability and enhanced stability." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2qi01610a.

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Azide-based energetic metal−organic frameworks (EMOFs) with remarkable initiation capability can be expected to replace lead-based primers (lead azide, LA; lead styphnate, LS). However, most of them are not stable enough...
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23

Herweyer, Darren, Jaclyn L. Brusso, and Muralee Murugesu. "Modern trends in “Green” primary energetic materials." New Journal of Chemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj01227d.

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The evergrowing demand for cleaner, high-performing energetic materials (EMs) has led to a quest for replacement of currently used toxic metal-based traditional energetic compounds such as lead azide and lead styphnate.
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24

Hosseini, Seyed Ghorban, Hossein Sharifnezhad, Manoochehr Fathollahi, Abdalfarid Abotorabe, and Hamid Reza Ghaenii. "Improvement of electrostatic discharge sensitivity of lead styphnate particles using some polymer coating agents." Journal of Energetic Materials, May 28, 2021, 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07370652.2021.1929572.

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25

Tian, Momang, Qian Yu, Yuewen Lu, Ji-Min Han, and Li Yang. "Low-temperature structural deformation and fragmentation of lead styphnate by in-situ experiments and calculation." Chemical Engineering Journal, October 2023, 147030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.147030.

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26

Lu, Yuewen, Qian Yu, Momang Tian, and Li Yang. "Insights into accelerated aging behavior of lead styphnate based on high temperature and high humidity conditions." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, May 24, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-023-12234-w.

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27

Li, Zhimin, Huisheng Huang, Tonglai Zhang, Shengtao Zhang, Jianguo Zhang, and Li Yang. "First-principles study of electric field effects on the structure, decomposition mechanism, and stability of crystalline lead styphnate." Journal of Molecular Modeling 20, no. 1 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00894-014-2072-4.

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28

Endrass, Simon, Thomas Klapötke, Marcus Lommel, Joerg Stierstorfer, Martin Weidemann, and Melanie Werner. "1‐ and 2‐Tetrazolylacetonitrile as Versatile Ligands for Laser Ignitable Energetic Coordination Compounds." ChemPlusChem, March 4, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202400031.

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Abstract: 1‐ and 2‐Tetrazolylacetonitrile (1‐ and 2‐TAN) have been synthesized by the reaction of chloroacetonitrile with 1H‐Tetrazole under basic conditions. They further were reacted with sodium azide in the presence of zinc(II) chloride to form 5‐((1H‐tetrazol‐1‐yl)methyl)‐1H‐tetrazole (1‐HTMT) and 5‐((2H‐tetrazol‐2‐yl)methyl)‐1H‐tetrazole (2‐HTMT). The nitrogen‐rich compounds have been applied as ligands for Energetic Coordination Compounds (ECCs) and show interesting coordinative behavior due to different bridging modes. The structural variability of the compounds has been proved by low‐t
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29

Yang, Tsung‐Mao, Jia‐Tong Lai, Wen‐Hsiang Li, Cheng‐Hsiung Peng, Jin‐Shuh Li, and Kai‐Tai Lu. "Study on synthesis and characterization of spherical copper(I) 5‐nitrotetrazolate (DBX‐1)." Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, November 2, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300226.

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AbstractTraditional primary explosives often contain heavy metals, especially toxic lead, such as lead azide (LA) and lead styphnate (LS) that can cause environmental pollution problems. Copper(I) 5‐nitrotetrazolate (DBX‐1) is a green primary explosive without toxic heavy metals, which is considered as one of the most promising alternatives to LA. DBX‐1 is usually synthesized from sodium 5‐nitrotetrazolate dihydrate (NaNT ⋅ 2H2O) and copper(I) chloride (CuCl). However, most of the synthesized products are irregular flakes with poor flowability, which affects the loadability. In this study, dex
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