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Journal articles on the topic 'Leaf fall'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

HARDWICK, RICHARD C. "Functions of leaf fall." Nature 324, no. 6097 (1986): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/324517b0.

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2

RAO, A. S. "Functions of leaf fall." Nature 325, no. 6105 (1987): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/325582b0.

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3

Joshi, Bhaskar Ch, and Himanshu Bagri. "Seasonality of Leaf Fall and Litter Production in Sal (Shorea Robusta Gaertn.F.) ANR Forest in Tarai East Forest Division, Haldwani." Journal of Diversity Studies 4, no. 2 (2025): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.51470/jod.2025.4.2.01.

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Sal (Shorea robusta), which is widely spread in both moist and dry forests in across the tropics, has been inconsistently described as either deciduous, semi-deciduous or evergreen species. To assess this contradiction, a quantitative record of the sal leaf dynamics (via monthly counts on tagged leaf falls and twigs) was made in different ANR sites of the Tarai East Forest Division, Haldwani. By using sample plots, the annual leaf fall data was collected and analyzed. The annual litter production (leaf fall & twigs) was maximum (8003.38 kg ha–1 yr –1) recorded in Surai (Jhankiya) followed

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4

Alchemi, P. J. K., and S. Jamin. "Impact Of Pestalotiopsis Leaf Fall Disease On Leaf Area Index and Rubber Plant Production." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 995, no. 1 (2022): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/995/1/012030.

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Abstract Currently, Pestalotiopsis leaf fall disease caused by the fungus Pestalotiopsis microspora is commonly found in Indonesian rubber plantations. The rubber defoliation period usually occurs for 1 month as a response to drought during the dry season. However, due to this disease, the rubber defoliation period occurs gradually with an earlier fall. Leaf fall can cause a decrease in the number of plant canopy which affects the leaf area index and latex production. Therefore, this study was carried out to examine the effect of Pestalotiopsis leaf fall disease on the decrease in leaf area in

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5

Mueller, Gretchen, and Francis D. Hole. "Autumn Leaf Fall Accents the Soil." Soil Horizons 33, no. 1 (1992): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sh1992.1.0018.

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6

Cram, John W., Peter G. Torr, and Derek A. Rose. "Salt allocation during leaf development and leaf fall in mangroves." Trees 16, no. 2-3 (2002): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00468-001-0153-3.

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7

Wibbe, Michael L., Michael M. Blanke, and Fritz Lenz. "Respiration of apple trees between leaf fall and leaf emergence." Environmental and Experimental Botany 34, no. 1 (1994): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-8472(94)90005-1.

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8

Kozlov, Mikhail V. "Leaf fall in white birch (Betula pubescens) is independent of leaf asymmetry." Canadian Journal of Botany 82, no. 7 (2004): 910–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b04-076.

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Developmental instability, reflected by high fluctuating asymmetry, frequently indicates low fitness of an organism. However, it remains unknown whether in modular organisms, like plants, asymmetry is linked with performance at the level of individual metamers. To explore within-tree relationships between fluctuating asymmetry and leaf longevity, each third day between 22 August and 10 October 2001, leaves were collected under two large trees of white birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.). The date of leaf fall (a proxy of leaf life-span) was not linked with either leaf asymmetry or damage imposed by

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9

Crane, Leah. "Leaf fall gets new life as electronics." New Scientist 235, no. 3142 (2017): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(17)31757-8.

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10

Batos, Branislava, Sasa Orlovic, Jelena Ninic-Todorovic, Darka Seslija-Jovanovic, and Danijela Miljkovic. "Phenological pattern of leaf-fall phenophase in Quercus robur L. populations of the Belgrade area." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 114 (2016): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf1614009b.

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Our study of phenological variability in the common oak (Quercus robur L.) was mainly focused on the analysis of the leaf-fall phenophase. The observations were made in two populations in the area of Belgrade (Serbia). We observed 29 trees in each site, during three consecutive years. According to the results of a nonparametric analysis of Mann-Whitney U test we found differences in the leaf fall phenophase (the start, the length and the end) among the populations: statistically significant differences were verified for the start and the length of the leaf fall in two of three observed years,

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11

Syed Sagaff, Sharifah Aliya, Nusaibah Syd Ali, Murnita Mohmad Mahyudin, Mui Yun Wong, and Mohd Raffi Yusop. "Emerging and Existing Major Leaf Diseases of Hevea brasiliensis in Malaysia." Journal of Current Opinion in Crop Science 3, no. 1 (2022): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.62773/jcocs.v3i1.129.

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Hevea brasiliensis, or rubber tree, is the primary source of natural rubber, and second major commodity crop in Malaysia after oil palm. It is known that rubber trees are prone to a wide range of foliar diseases, resulting in significant yield losses. To date, a new emerging severe leaf disease epidemic tentatively termed as Pestalotiopsis secondary leaf fall was identified affecting many rubber plantations in rubber producing countries. In addition, five major leaf diseases that have been conclusively identified affecting rubber plantations nation-wide in Malaysia were also reviewed in this p

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12

Bareen, Firdaus-E., and S. H. Iqbal. "Seasonal occurrence of freshwater hyphomycetes on submerged fallen leaves in canal waters." Canadian Journal of Botany 72, no. 9 (1994): 1316–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-161.

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A total of 40 species of hyphomycetes were observed on submerged leaves during 1 year in canal waters. The number of species increased with leaf fall. The maximum number of species was observed during winter when leaf fall is maximum and the temperature falls to a minimum. Dimorphospora foliicola, Flagellospora penicillioides, Lunulospora curvula, Margaritispora aquatica, Tetracladium marchalianum, and Triscelophorus monosporus sporulated on leaves throughout the year. Most of the other species could be designated as winter and autumn species, with a shorter period of occurrence. Key words: fr

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13

Holopainen, Jarmo K., Juha Heijari, Elina Oksanen, and Giorgio A. Alessio. "Leaf Volatile Emissions of Betula pendula during Autumn Coloration and Leaf Fall." Journal of Chemical Ecology 36, no. 10 (2010): 1068–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-010-9857-4.

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14

OSADA, NORIYUKI, HIROSHI TAKEDA, AKIO FURUKAWA, and MUHAMAD AWANG. "Ontogenetic changes in leaf phenology of a canopy species, Elateriospermum tapos (Euphorbiaceae), in a Malaysian rain forest." Journal of Tropical Ecology 18, no. 1 (2002): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467402002055.

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Leaf phenology was studied in individuals of a canopy species, Elateriospermum tapos (Euphorbiaceae), at various ontogenetic stages, in a Malaysian rain forest. The timing of leaf emergence was not synchronized among sapling individuals, and was not correlated with any meteorological factors of the preceding month. The timing of leaf fall in saplings was positively correlated with net radiation, and maximum and minimum temperature, but negatively correlated with relative humidity the preceding month, although these correlations were weak. The leaf production rate was larger under higher light,

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15

Ferrari, James B., and Shinya Sugita. "A spatially explicit model of leaf litter fall in hemlock–hardwood forests." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 11 (1996): 1905–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-215.

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A spatially explicit model of leaf litter fall was developed for hemlock–hardwood forests using litter-trap data from mapped forest plots and from isolated trees. The model assumes that litter declines exponentially with distance, as shown by the litter traps from isolated trees, and that a variable allometric equation describes the relationship of DBH to foliage biomass. Model parameters were estimated by a maximum likelihood method using field data from one mapped plot and then tested on a second plot. Predicted leaf fall of sugar maple (Acersaccharum Marsh.), yellow birch (Betulaalleghanien

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16

Berlian, Intan, and Budi Setyawan. "GUGUR DAUN TANAMAN KARET AKIBAT PENYAKIT PHYTOPHTHORA SPP. DI PERKEBUNAN KARET JEMBER, JAWA TIMUR." Warta Perkaretan 36, no. 2 (2017): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22302/ppk.wp.v36i2.366.

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Renteng and Banjarsari field is a part of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XII, located in Jember with major commodity of rubber plant. Since December 2013, leaf fall occurred in Renteng field Afdeling Sidomulyo (year of planting 1996) and Banjarsari field Afdeling Karang Nangka (year of planting 1993). The study was conducted in January to March 2014. Identification of the leaf fall was used macroscopic, microscopic and continued with Koch's postulates. The results showed that yellowing of leaf that's accompanied by leaf fall in Afdeling Sidomulyo (year of planting 1996) and Afdeling Karang Nangka (y

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17

Horton, David R., Everett C. Burts, Thomas R. Unruh, James L. Krysan, Leonard B. Coop, and Brian A. Croft. "PHENOLOGY OF FALL DISPERSAL BY WINTERFORM PEAR PSYLLA (HOMOPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) IN RELATION TO LEAF FALL AND WEATHER." Canadian Entomologist 126, no. 1 (1994): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent126111-1.

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AbstractPhenology of fall dispersal into apple orchards is described for winterform pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola Foerster, in orchards located in Yakima and Wenatchee, Washington. Psylla in both regions first appeared on pear in mid to late September, reaching peak densities in late October or early to mid November, and then decreased in numbers to a low in December. Movement onto apple began in October; peak counts on apple occurred in late November to early December. There was considerable variation among years in phenology of leaf fall in pear and numbers of psylla entering apple. Leaf

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18

Vose, James M., Barton D. Clinton, Neal H. Sullivan, and Paul V. Bolstad. "Vertical leaf area distribution, light transmittance, and application of the Beer–Lambert Law in four mature hardwood stands in the southern Appalachians." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 25, no. 6 (1995): 1036–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x95-113.

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We quantified stand leaf area index and vertical leaf area distribution, and developed canopy extinction coefficients (k), in four mature hardwood stands. Leaf area index, calculated from litter fall and specific leaf area (c2•g−1), ranged from 4.3 to 5.4 m2•m−2. In three of the four stands, leaf area was distributed in the upper canopy. In the other stand, leaf area was uniformly distributed throughout the canopy. Variation in vertical leaf area distribution was related to the size and density of upper and lower canopy trees. Light transmittance through the canopies followed the Beer–Lambert

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19

Hansen, K., L. L. Sørensen, O. Hertel, et al. "Ammonia emissions from deciduous forest after leaf fall." Biogeosciences 10, no. 7 (2013): 4577–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4577-2013.

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Abstract. The understanding of biochemical feedback mechanisms in the climate system is lacking knowledge in relation to bi-directional ammonia (NH3) exchange between natural ecosystems and the atmosphere. We therefore study the atmospheric NH3 fluxes during a 25-day period during autumn 2010 (21 October to 15 November) for the Danish beech forest Lille Bøgeskov to address the hypothesis that NH3 emissions occur from deciduous forests in relation to leaf fall. This is accomplished by using observations of vegetation status, NH3 fluxes and model calculations. Vegetation status was observed usin

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20

MacDonald, Alasdair A. "The Fall of the Leaf, and Autumnal Tints." English Studies 94, no. 1 (2013): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0013838x.2012.739831.

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21

Azizan, F. A., I. S. Astuti, A. Young, and A. Abdul Aziz. "Rubber leaf fall phenomenon linked to increased temperature." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 352 (August 2023): 108531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2023.108531.

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22

Babayev, Yashin, and Gulmira Orazbayeva. "Selection of Cotton for Early Natural Leaf Fall." BIO Web of Conferences 82 (2024): 02030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248202030.

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In connection with environmental violations of the environment, there is a need to create cotton varieties with weak foliage or early natural deciduousness, high yields, resistance to diseases and environmental stress factors.

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23

Thomas, K., GA Chilvers, and RH Norris. "Short Communication: Litterfall in riparian and ajacent forest zones near perennial upland stream in the Australian Capital Territory." Marine and Freshwater Research 43, no. 2 (1992): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9920511.

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Litterfall into Lees Creek from eucalypt-dominated riparian vegetation and litterfall in adjacent eucalypt forest was measured monthly for 2.5 years. Mean annual litterfall for riparian vegetation was 4.52 t ha-1, of which overstorey leaf fall accounted for 44%, understorey leaf fall 12.5%, twigs 16.75%, bark 12% and miscellaneous material 14.75%. Mean annual litterfall in adjacent forest was 4.20 t ha-1, of which overstorey leaf fall accounted for 52.3%, understorey leaf fall 2.9%, twigs 18%, bark 12% and miscellaneous material 14.8%. More than 50% of all litterfall occurred from December to

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24

Burghouts, T. B. A., E. J. F. Campbell, and P. J. Kolderman. "Effects of tree species heterogeneity on leaf fall in primary and logged dipterocarp forest in the Ulu Segama Forest Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia." Journal of Tropical Ecology 10, no. 1 (1994): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400007677.

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ABSTRACTEffects of tree species heterogeneity on leaf fall were studied in a primary (4 ha) and in a selectively logged forest plot (2.5 ha) in the Ulu Segama Forest Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia, from April 1988 to December 1989. Leaf fall was collected at 30 sampling points in each plot, and identified to species.Dipterocarpaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lauraceae, Fagaceae and Meliaceae are important tree families in both plots with regard to their contribution to total basal area, tree density and annual leaf fall. The total number of tree species was higher in the primary forest plot (267) than in the

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25

O'Dowd, Dennis J., and P. S. Lake. "Red crabs in rain forest, Christmas Island: removal and relocation of leaf-fall." Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, no. 3 (1989): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400003746.

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ABSTRACTField experiments comparing leaf-fall in the presence and absence of the red land crab, Gecarcoidea natalis, in rain forest on Christmas Island, Indian Ocean showed that, by eating and returning leaves to their burrows, they significantly reduced accumulation of leaf-fall on the forest floor. Red crabs removed 30–50% of the leaf-fall at the experimental sites during the study. Differences in leaf-fall mass between crab-access and exclusion quadrats were positively correlated with the density of foraging red crabs. Red crabs also generated spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of li

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26

Greene, Duane W. "Carryover Effects of Prohexadione-calcium on Apples." HortScience 40, no. 5 (2005): 1340–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.5.1340.

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Proheaxadione-calcium (ProCa) was applied to `Spencer' apple trees at rates between 250 to 750 mg·L–1 after harvest but before leaf fall. The following spring terminal growth was reduced linearly from early petal fall through the growing season to leaf fall. ProCa was applied after harvest and before leaf fall at 500 mg·L–1 to `Spigold' apples. The carryover effect on terminal growth persisted for about 2 weeks after bloom. A combination of 500 and 82.5 mg·L–1 ProCa on `Spigold' in the fall and spring, respectively, reduced terminal growth greater than the individual treatments for about 3 wee

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27

Hossain, Mahmood, Saberi Othman, Japar Bujang, and Misri Kusnan. "Litter flux in Kuala Selangor Nature Park mangrove forest, Malaysia." Indian Journal of Forestry 28, no. 3 (2005): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2005-f2zu83.

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The amount of litter production, litter standing crop and export of leaf litter were studied in Kuala Selangor Nature Park mangrove forest, Malaysia. The rates of leaf fall, small branches, bracts, flowers, propagules and total litter varied from 1.63-3.07 g/m2/day, 0.08-0.38 g/m2/day, 0.13-0.39 g/m2/day, 0.01-0.23 g/m2/day, 0.03-2.29 g/m2/day and 2.31-4.46 g/m2/day respectively. Comparatively higher rate of total litter fall was observed during the drier months of July 02, July 03 and August 02; and propagules contributed 31.00 to 52.00% of the total litter fall during the dry season. Relativ

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Grahn, Charlene M., Chris Benedict, Tom Thornton, and Carol Miles. "Production of Baby-leaf Salad Greens in the Spring and Fall Seasons of Northwest Washington." HortScience 50, no. 10 (2015): 1467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.10.1467.

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Baby-leaf salad green crops such as lettuce (Lactuca sativa), kale (Brassica oleracea), arugula (Eruca sativa), and mustard greens (Brassica juncea) thrive in the cool, humid climate of the maritime Pacific Northwest, particularly in the extended spring and fall seasons. To identify cultivars best suited for extended-season production in northwest Washington, nine leafy green cultivars were grown at two locations in the spring and fall seasons for 2 years. A high level of variability in crop performance was observed between seasons, locations, years, planting dates, and cultivars, indicating l

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29

Sharma, Balasubramanya, Akshay Kumar Chakravarthy, Chetan Halandur Chandrashekara, Noorunnisa Begum, Debabrata Saha, and Suresh Hebbalalu Satyanarayana. "Impact of Weather on the Leafing, Flowering, and Fruiting Patterns of Woody Plant Communities in the Tropical Dry Forests of Bannerghatta National Park, India." International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 51, no. 2 (2025): 191–222. https://doi.org/10.55863/ijees.2025.0631.

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Phenological monitoring of woody individuals was undertaken to understand the patterns of leafing, flowering, and fruiting and the influence of weather. A total of 504 tagged individuals were monitored monthly for 4 years on two transects, namely, Thalewood House (TWH) and Bugarikallu (BGH), in the dry forests of Bannerghatta National Park. The leafing, flowering, and fruiting patterns in both transects had a similar trend. Peak leaf fall, leaf initiation, flower initiation, and fruit initiations were recorded in January, March, April, and May, respectively, in the transects. Exploratory analy

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Dryden, G. H., M. A. Nelson, J. T. Smith, and M. Walter. "Postharvest foliar nitrogen applications increase Neonectria ditissima leaf scar infection in apple trees." New Zealand Plant Protection 69 (January 8, 2016): 230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2016.69.5885.

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Postharvest foliar nitrogen (urea) is often applied to apple leaves immediately after picking for bud fertilising and/or during leaf fall for Venturia inaequalis control During 20132016 ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid copper (EDTACu to enhance leaf abscission) urea calcium nitrate and BudWiser foliar treatments were applied alone or in combination to determine their effects on leaf scar infection by Neonectria ditissima in Braeburn (201314) Scifresh and Royal Gala (201516) orchards In 201314 leaf scar infection increased sixfold when 5 urea was added to EDTACu and sprayed at the onset of lea

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31

Pook, E. W., A. M. Gill, and P. H. R. Moore. "Long-term Variation of Litter Fall, Canopy Leaf Area and Flowering in a Eucalyptus maculata Forest on the South Coast of New South Wales." Australian Journal of Botany 45, no. 5 (1997): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt95063.

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Litter fall, canopy leaf area and environmental conditions were monitored in a regrowth stand of Eucalyptus maculata Hook. in Kioloa State Forest on the south coast of New South Wales, from spring 1977 to winter 1992. Litter fall during the first half of the study period was strongly influenced by two of the most serious droughts that had occurred in 100 years. Canopy renewal and, hence, leaf fall and changes of leaf area index (LAI), were also influenced by the flowering phenology of E. maculata. Total annual litter fall (including bark shed from lower boles) averaged 5.7 t ha-1 and ranged fr

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32

Lu, Mei. "Qualitative and Quantitative Indicators of Foliar Mass of Woody Plants in Urban Greenspaces According to the Level of Air Pollution." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 18, no. 3 (2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw210024.

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The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the leaf fall timing and parameters of fluctuating leaf asymmetry among two commonly used plant species for street landscaping in Detroit city, namely, American elm and American ash. The study was completed between summer and fall for the year 2019 in and around Detroit, US. Phenological leaf fall timing of elm and ash was studied, and the fluctuating asymmetry index of their leaves was estimated within the city limits (80 trees of ash and 40 of elm) and outside the city (control site, 20 trees of each species). Leaf fall in cit

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33

Umoh, Florence, and Ebenezer L. Fashoranti. "Corynespora leaf fall of Hevea brasilensis: Challenges and prospect." African Journal of Agricultural Research 13, no. 40 (2018): 2098–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2018.13352.

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Wright, S. Joseph, and Fernando H. Cornejo. "Seasonal Drought and Leaf Fall in a Tropical Forest." Ecology 71, no. 3 (1990): 1165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1937384.

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35

Nurhayati, Nurhayati, Fatma Fatma, and M. Idrus Aminuddin. "KETAHANAN ENAM KLON KARET TERHADAP INFEKSI CORYNESPORA CASSIICOLA PENYEBAB PENYAKIT GUGUR DAUN." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 10, no. 1 (2010): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.11047-51.

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Resistance of six rubber clones to Corynespora cassiicola the pathogen of rubber leaf fall disease. The objectives of the research was to evaluate the resistance of six rubber clones to Corynespora cassiicola, the pathogen of rubber leaf fall disease. The research was conducted at Phytophatology laboratorium and green house at the Plant Pest and Diseases Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, from March to July 2008. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block design (CRBD) with six treatments and four replications. Each replication consisted of four poliba

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Ota, Masahiko, Lina Fatayati Syarifa, Aprizal Alamsyah, et al. "Socioeconomic effects of <em>Pestalotiopsis</em> rubber leaf fall disease on smallholders in South Sumatra, Indonesia." Multidisciplinary Science Journal 7, no. 8 (2025): 2025371. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2025371.

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Since 2017, Pestalotiopsis leaf fall disease affecting para rubber trees has spread across Southeast Asia and South Asia. This novel disease represents a new risk to the livelihoods of rubber smallholders. The present study aims to investigate the impact of Pestalotiopsis leaf fall disease on the livelihoods of rubber smallholders in Indonesia. We adopt the sustainable livelihood framework for analyzing data. We first identified the context in which Indonesian rubber smallholders are situated drawing on secondary sources. Second, to understand smallholders’ livelihood situations, we conducted

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All, J. N., L. P. Guillebeau, and C. Lo. "Control of Fall Armyworm in Whorl Stage Sweet Corn, 1987." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 13, no. 1 (1988): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/13.1.198.

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Abstract A small-plot field experiment was conducted to screen insecticides for control of leaf-feeding damage to sweet corn seedlings by the fall armyworm. Sweet corn was planted 11 Aug in an Appling loamy coarse sand. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with 2-row plots, 20 ft long and 38 inches wide, with 5-ft alleys, replicated 5 times. Full-cone sprays were applied at 30 psi, directed over the whorl in a final volume of 25 gal/acre. Sprays were initiated when plants were in the 4th leaf stage at a time when 50% showed leaf feeding symptoms of 1st instar larvae. Plants we

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Vavrina, C. S., G. J. Hochmuth, J. A. Cornell, and S. M. Olson. "Nitrogen Fertilization of Florida-grown Tomato Transplants: Seasonal Variation in Greenhouse and Field Performance." HortScience 33, no. 2 (1998): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.2.251.

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Fall-grown tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) transplants were larger than spring-grown transplants when fertilized in the greenhouse with NH3NO3 at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, or 75 mg·L-1 N in a standard 1/4 strength Hoagland's solution. All transplant growth characteristics measured (stem length, leaf area and number, root and shoot dry mass) increased linearly with increasing N in both seasons. However, in the fall, when greenhouse temperatures and light levels were higher, stem length, leaf area, root: shoot ratio, and the ratio of shoot dry weight: leaf area responded quadratically. In the sp

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Vavrina, C. S., G. J. Hochmuth, J. A. Cornell, and S. M. Olson. "Nitrogen Fertilization of Florida-grown Tomato Transplants: Seasonal Variation in Greenhouse and Field Performance." HortScience 33, no. 2 (1998): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.2.0251.

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Fall-grown tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) transplants were larger than spring-grown transplants when fertilized in the greenhouse with NH3NO3 at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, or 75 mg·L-1 N in a standard 1/4 strength Hoagland's solution. All transplant growth characteristics measured (stem length, leaf area and number, root and shoot dry mass) increased linearly with increasing N in both seasons. However, in the fall, when greenhouse temperatures and light levels were higher, stem length, leaf area, root: shoot ratio, and the ratio of shoot dry weight: leaf area responded quadratically. In the sp

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Vincent, Christopher I., M. Elena García, Donn T. Johnson, and Curt R. Rom. "Broad Mite on Primocane-fruiting Blackberry in Organic Production in Arkansas." HortTechnology 20, no. 4 (2010): 718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.20.4.718.

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The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) was found in association with leaf-curling symptoms on primocane-fruiting blackberry (Rubus rubus) in Arkansas in 2007–2009. Broad mite had not been previously reported on blackberry. The plots sampled in this study were part of a study comparing harvesting in the fall versus harvest in spring and fall, high tunnels versus ambient conditions, and three genotypes, all under organic production. Leaves were sampled, broad mites per leaf counted, and leaf area and trichome density measured. Results indicated that broad mite is capable of overwintering in

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Hayes, Tara H., and Caula A. Beyl. "Remote Sensing Techniques Coupled with Leaf Spectroscopy to Evaluate the Severity of Dogwood Anthracnose." HortScience 30, no. 4 (1995): 827C—827. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.827c.

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Flowering dogwoods. (Cornus florida L.) have been attacked by dogwood anthracnose. In vivo leaf reflectance values of infected leaves from Summer 1993, Fall 1993, and Fall 1994 were obtained using a spectroreflectometer at wavelengths from 300 to 2500 nm to determine what wavelengths could best detect differences between dead and healthy leaves. At -those wavelengths, a mathematical expression was devised and used to calculate the predicted reflectance value for that percent disease severity (Rexp50%). The predicted reflectance values were compared with actual mean reflectance values (Rmean) o

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Byrne, D. N., and E. A. Draeger. "Control on Fall Squash, 1987:." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 14, no. 1 (1989): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/14.1.159a.

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Abstract A pesticide efficacy trial was conducted at the University of Arizona Valley Experiment Station in Yuma to evaluate the ability of various insecticides to control the sweetpotato whitefly on squash. Plots were planted 25 Sept. Experimental materials were compared with untreated control plots and Thiodan 3 EC. A completely randomized design was used with 4 plots receiving each treatment. Plots measuring 6 by 2 m were separated by 22.25 m along the rows and 33.3 m across the rows. Test materials were applied 27 Oct using a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer at a pressure of 206.8 kPa and

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Harris, J. Roger, Patricia Knight, and Jody Fanelli. "Fall Transplanting Improves Establishment of Balled and Burlapped Fringe Tree (Chionanthus virginicus L.)." HortScience 31, no. 7 (1996): 1143–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.7.1143.

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The effect of fall vs. spring transplanting was tested on landscape-sized Chionanthus virginicus L. at a research farm in Blacksburg, Va. Two fall transplanting dates (11 Nov. and 1 Dec. 1994) were selected so that soil temperatures were decreasing and near 10 °C for the earlier fall date (11 Nov.) and decreasing and near 5 °C for the later fall transplanting date (1 Dec.). The spring date (14 Mar. 1995) was selected so that soil temperatures were increasing and near 5 °C. All trees were transplanted with rootballs of native soil wrapped in burlap (B&B). Fringe tree was clearly tolerant of

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Neumann, H. H., G. Den Hartog, and R. H. Shaw. "Leaf area measurements based on hemispheric photographs and leaf-litter collection in a deciduous forest during autumn leaf-fall." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 45, no. 3-4 (1989): 325–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1923(89)90052-x.

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Staelens, Jeroen, Lieven Nachtergale, Sebastiaan Luyssaert, and Noël Lust. "A model of wind-influenced leaf litterfall in a mixed hardwood forest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33, no. 2 (2003): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x02-174.

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Litterfall is an important ecological process in forest ecosystem functioning. Some attempts have been made to develop spatially explicit models of litterfall, but wind influence has never been included. Therefore, we studied the effect of wind on litterfall in an intimately mixed birch-oak forest using tree diameter and position as input data. After testing a litterfall model that assumed isotropic leaf dispersal, an anisotropic dispersal module was developed to account for wind influence. Using leaf fall data of 104 litter traps, isotropic and anisotropic models were optimized for silver bir

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Singh, Nandan, and Amit Mittal. "Response of Phenological Events of Aesculus indica Colebr. to Climate Change Along an Altitudinal Gradient in Kumaun Himalaya, Uttarakhand." International Journal of Environment 8, no. 1 (2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v8i1.22069.

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The present study investigated the timing and duration of phenological events of A. indica in different elevational range Kumaun Himalayan forest. A total of four sites at elevation ranging between 1,900m and 2,200m were selected and at each site 10 s were marked for observations. The phenological events, i.e. leaf bud formation, leaf bud busting, leafing, flowering bud formation, flowering bud busting, flowering, fruit/seed formation, seed fall and leaf fall were monitored. Phenological duration and asynchrony of these phenophases were determined at 10 day intervals and every 2-3 day interval

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Wardlaw, IF, and L. Eckhardt. "Assimilate Movement in Lolium and Sorghum Leaves. IV. Photosynthetic Responses to Reduced Translocation and Leaf Storage." Functional Plant Biology 14, no. 5 (1987): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9870573.

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The net CO2 exchange (NCE) rates of the last fully expanded leaves of Lolium temulentum L. and Sorghum bicolor Moench were examined in relation to the accumulation of photosynthate that occurred with time in continuous light (1100 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR). On a leaf area basis Lolium, although having a lower NCE, accumulated current photosynthate at a faster rate than Sorghum and had a greater capacity for storage. In Lolium there was an initial rapid rise in leaf solute, followed by a steady increase in the accumulation of starch, while in contrast in Sorghum there was an initial rapid rise in starc

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Womack, E. D., W. P. Williams, J. S. Smith, M. L. Warburton, and D. Bhattramakki. "Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Resistance to Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Leaf-Feeding Damage in Maize Inbred Mp705." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 2 (2020): 956–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz357.

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Abstract The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is an agronomically important pest that severely limits maize (Zea mays (Linnaeus) [Poales: Poaceae]) production. This migrant insect devastates maize plants in many countries threatening the livelihood of millions. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) were mapped to identify chromosomal regions that control resistance to fall armyworm leaf-feeding and to identify molecular markers linked to the target loci for use in marker-assisted selection (MAS). A bi-parental mapping population, comprising 243 F2:3 families from the cross Mp705 (re

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Norgrove, L., and S. Hauser. "Leaf properties, litter fall, and nutrient inputs of Terminalia ivorensis at different tree stand densities in a tropical timber - food crop multistrata system." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30, no. 9 (2000): 1400–1409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x00-063.

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Tree litter fall was monitored for 2 years in two Terminalia ivorensis A. Chev. plantations in the humid tropics of southern Cameroon. The plantations were 6 and 17 years old when they were each thinned to two timber stand densities (TSD) and understorey food crops were introduced. Leaf litter was the predominant litter fraction in all treatments. Treatment means of specific leaf area for T. ivorensis ranged from 83.7 to 100.7 cm2·g-1. Litter-fall production, leaf area per tree, and leaf area index for T. ivorensis were all higher in year 2 than in year 1. There was near complete defoliation o

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Hansen, K., L. L. Sørensen, O. Hertel, et al. "Ammonia emissions from beech forest after leaf fall – measurements and modelling." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 11 (2012): 15633–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-15633-2012.

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Abstract. The understanding of biochemical feed-back mechanisms in the climate system is lacking knowledge in relation to bi-directional ammonia (NH3) exchange between natural ecosystems and the atmosphere. We therefore study the atmospheric NH3 fluxes during a 25 days period during autumn 2010 (21 October–15 November) for the Danish beech forest, Lille Bøgeskov, to address the hypothesis that NH3 emissions occur from deciduous forests in relation to leaf fall. This is accomplished by using observations of vegetation status, NH3 fluxes and model calculations. Vegetation status was observed usi

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