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Journal articles on the topic 'Leaf Growth and Development'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 September 2023

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1

Dai, Jingwei, and Robert E. Paull. "LEAF DEVELOPMENT AND ANTHURIUM FLOWER GROWTH." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1138e—1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1138e.

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The Anthurium andraeanum `Kaumana' flower growth and development before and after emergence was studied. The process before emergence was long and slow. A tiny flower bud, about 0.3 cm long was formed 80 days before its emergence. The whole period before emergence was divided into three phases: cell division phase, slow growth phase and elongation phase. The characteristic of each phase was studied.The leaf which bears the flower bud at its petiole base is called subtending leaf. Its growth had a significant influence on the flower bud growth at its petiole base. Detaching the young subtending

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2

Zuk-Golaszewska, K., M. K. Upadhyaya, and J. Golaszewski. "The effect of UV-B radiation on plant growth and development." Plant, Soil and Environment 49, No. 3 (2011): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4103-pse.

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In the experiment conducted in the greenhouse, the different doses of UV-B radiation applied to the two species Avena fatua and Setaria viridis induced changes in leaf and plant morphology. It was a&nbsp;decrease of plant height, fresh mass of leaves, shoots and roots as well as leaf area. Besides, it caused the leaf curling in both of the species. The significant differences between Avena fatua and Setaria viridis in the studied traits were mainly due to the tillering ability of the species. The content of chlorophyll varied considerably. The average values of leaf greenness (SPAD units)

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3

Ranganathan, R., Y. S. Chauhan, D. J. Flower, M. J. Robertson, C. Sanetra, and S. N. Silim. "Predicting growth and development of pigeonpea: leaf area development." Field Crops Research 69, no. 2 (2001): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4290(00)00137-4.

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4

Chen, Zhong, and Daniel R. Gallie. "Dehydroascorbate Reductase Affects Leaf Growth, Development, and Function." Plant Physiology 142, no. 2 (2006): 775–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.106.085506.

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5

Dai, Jingwei, and Robert E. Paull. "The Role of Leaf Development on Anthurium Flower Growth." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 115, no. 6 (1990): 901–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.115.6.901.

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The growth and development of Anthurium andraeanum Andre cv. Kaumana flower before and after emergence from the subtending leaf base was studied. Eighty days before emergence, the anthurium flower was =0.3 cm long, enclosed by two tightly rolled stipules at the base of the subtending leaf petiole. During the rapid elongation stage of the leaf petiole, the flower (0.8 to 1.0 cm long) entered a period of slow growth 40 to 60 days before flower emergence. After the subtending leaf blade unfurled and had a positive photosynthetic rate, flower growth resumed. Spathe color development started =28 da

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6

Dolan, Liam, and R. Scott Poethig. "Genetic analysis of leaf development in cotton." Development 113, Supplement_1 (1991): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.113.supplement_1.39.

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Leaf shape in cotton is regulated by the developmental age of the shoot and by several major genes that affect leaf lobing. The effect of these factors was investigated by allometric analysis, cell lineage analysis, and by studying the expression of the leaf shape mutation, Okra, in genetic mosaics. Allometric analysis of leaf growth suggests that leaf shape is determined during the initiation of the primordium rather than during the expansion phase of leaf growth. Clonal analysis demonstrates that both the rate and duration of cell division are fairly uniform throughout the leaf. Cells in the

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7

Klapwijk, D., and H. J. H. van der Spek. "Development rate, flower growth and production of Anthurium." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 36, no. 3 (1988): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v36i3.16672.

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Data on leaf plastochron, flower growth and bud abortion in greenhouse-grown A. andreanum were collected from a commercial nursery throughout the year, and additional data were obtained from growers. The leaf plastochron duration was fairly constant from Mar. until Sep. at an average of 72 days. Around 10 Oct. the duration was more than doubled. It then decreased linearly to 72 days again, resulting in high leaf production around Apr. Leaf plastochron seemed to be related to radiation but daylength was probably not involved, as leaf emergence continued during winter. The longest period between

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8

Soltani, A., M. J. Robertson, Y. Mohammad-Nejad, and A. Rahemi-Karizaki. "Modeling chickpea growth and development: Leaf production and senescence." Field Crops Research 99, no. 1 (2006): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2006.02.005.

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9

Knavel, Dean E. "Growth, Development, and Yield Potential of Short-internode Muskmelon." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 113, no. 4 (1988): 595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.113.4.595.

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Abstract A short-internode (SI) muskmelon line was compared with a normal-internode (NI) cultivar in four seasons for growth and yield differences. Vines of both plant types were divided into leaves, petioles, and stems at 58, 72, and 86 days of age. Leaf dry weight and leaf area were generally the same for both plant types early in growth. NI plants had greater leaf and stem dry weights and leaf area at 72 days; however, only stem dry weights differed at 86 days. The leaf : stem and leaf area : leaf dry weight ratios were always greater for SI than for NI plants, but NI plants produced twice

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10

Barthakur, NN, and NP Arnold. "Growth and Development of the Main Greek Oriental Tobacco Cultivars." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 14, no. 3 (1989): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0597.

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AbstractA microwave generator and a closed-circuit wind tunnel were used to study thermoregulatory responses of tobacco leaf. Heating and cooling curves at various wind velocities showed the maximum reduction of steady-state temperature occurred at 10 cm / s. Wind gusts of high intermittency were very effective in transferring heat from leaf tissue; gust interval and dynamic equilibrium leaf temperature were found to be linearly related. Thermal-time constant and half-cooling time of a tobacco leaf were determined as a function of wind velocity under the conditions of the Newtonian law of cool

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11

Ritonga, Faujiah Nurhasanah, Dandan Zhou, Yihui Zhang, et al. "The Roles of Gibberellins in Regulating Leaf Development." Plants 12, no. 6 (2023): 1243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12061243.

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Plant growth and development are correlated with many aspects, including phytohormones, which have specific functions. However, the mechanism underlying the process has not been well elucidated. Gibberellins (GAs) play fundamental roles in almost every aspect of plant growth and development, including cell elongation, leaf expansion, leaf senescence, seed germination, and leafy head formation. The central genes involved in GA biosynthesis include GA20 oxidase genes (GA20oxs), GA3oxs, and GA2oxs, which correlate with bioactive GAs. The GA content and GA biosynthesis genes are affected by light,

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12

Rom, Curt R. "SHOOT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF `STARKSPUR SUPREME DELICIOUS' VARIES WITH ROOTSTOCK." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1111f—1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1111f.

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Shoot growth `Starkspur Supreme Delirious' on 10 different rootstock was measured on 3-, 4- and 6-year-old trees at weekly intervals from budbreak until terminal bud formation. Spur density, spur development, and extension shoot leaf area development were measured in September. Growth rate was analyzed by regression against chronological time and accumulated growing degree days using linear and nonlinear statistics.Rootstock affected shoot length, leaf number, leaf area, leaf size, leaf dry weight/leaf area and internode length. Trees on M.4, M.7 EMLA, P-1 and seedling had the longest shoots a

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13

M S, Marichamy, Nainar P, and Jaya Jasmine A. "Growth and Development of Leaf and Stalk at Various Growth Stages of Palmyrah Palm (Borassus flabellifer L.)." Madras Agricultural Journal 99, March (2012): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.100011.

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Studies were conducted at Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University on the growth pattern of leaf and stalk in different stages of growth viz; seedling, juvenile, early juvenile and adult (male and female) and observation on rate of growth of leaf and stalk, time taken for completing the active growth of leaf & stalk and time taken for successive production of leaf in the five selected palms in each of the above four categories. The results showed that the rate of growth of leaf was maximum in adult female followed by adult male and was the

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14

Li, Lei, Clark J. Nelson, Josua Trösch, Ian Castleden, Shaobai Huang, and A. Harvey Millar. "Protein Degradation Rate in Arabidopsis thaliana Leaf Growth and Development." Plant Cell 29, no. 2 (2017): 207–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.16.00768.

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15

Kierzkowski, Daniel, Adam Runions, Francesco Vuolo, et al. "A Growth-Based Framework for Leaf Shape Development and Diversity." Cell 177, no. 6 (2019): 1405–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.05.011.

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16

Han, Susan S. "Postharvest Development of Leaf Yellowing in Cut Asiatic and Oriental Lilies." HortScience 35, no. 5 (2000): 830C—830. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.5.830c.

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The development of postharvest leaf yellowing affects the quality of cut Oriental and Asiatic lilies. Without cold storage, lower leaves began to turn yellow ≈1 week after placing them in an interior environment. The development of leaf yellowing continued to progress upward until the vase life was over with >25% of the leaves chlorotic. Cold storage of cut lilies worsened this leaf disorder. The longer the duration of cold storage, the sooner the development of leaf yellowing and the higher the percentage of leaves that were chlorotic. Spraying leaves with a solution containing 25 mg·L-1 e

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17

Kabir, M., M. Z. Iqbal, M. Shafiq, and Z. R. Farooqi. "Effects of lead on seedling growth of spesia populnea." Plant, Soil and Environment 56, No. 4 (2010): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/147/2009-pse.

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The effects of lead on root, shoot and seedling length, leaf area, number of leaves, plant circumference, seedling dry weight, root/shoot and leaf area ratios of <I>Thespesia populnea</I> L. were determined in greenhouse under natural environmental conditions with and without phytotoxic metal ions at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 µmol/l. Lead treatments have a strong influence on the growth and development of <I>T</I>. <I>populnea</I> by reducing significantly (<I>P</I> &lt; 0.05) all the above parameters. Lead treatment at 5–25 µmol/l produced signi

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18

LIAKATAS, A. "Maize growth and development thermally Affected by plastic mulches." MAUSAM 42, no. 1 (2022): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v42i1.2806.

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. The mulch effect on maize development and growth is examined and the relevance of temperature to vegetative and reproductive stages is examined. Warming mulches accelerate and cooling mulches slow seedling emergence and leaf appearance and growth. Seedling establishment is more successful, leaf area is greater and yield is generally earlier and higher over warm mulched soil.

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19

Lersten, Nels R., and Harry T. Horner. "Calcium oxalate crystal macropattern development during Prunus virginiana (Rosaceae) leaf growth." Canadian Journal of Botany 82, no. 12 (2004): 1800–1808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b04-145.

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In this first study of foliar crystal macropattern initiation and development, primordia to just-shed bud scales, stipules, and leaves were bleached, cleared, and viewed microscopically. Apical clusters of prismatics appear first in the 0.1-mm stipule; crystals proliferate basipetally as stipules elongate. Apical prismatics appear next in a 0.5-mm leaf; they remain isolated until tiny prismatics appear in scattered palisade cells throughout the lamina of a 1.0- to 1.5-cm leaf. Meanwhile, druses proliferate from stem through elongating petioles, reaching the base of 2- to 4-cm leaves. Lamina pr

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20

Laptina, Yu A., O. G. Gichenkova, N. A. Kulikova, and T. L. Karpova. "Growth stimulators and mineral fertilizers influence on Sudan grass growth, development and productivity." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 843, no. 1 (2021): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/843/1/012029.

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Abstract The article considers the results of research on the influence of seeding rates, fertilizers and growth stimulator on the development and productivity of the Sudan grass of the Julia variety in the conditions of chestnut soils of the Volgograd region. In the field two-factor experiment, we studied: factor A - the three seeding rates 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 million germinating seeds per hectare; factor B - fertilizers and growth promoters: 1. Control without fertilizers; 2. N60 P60 K45 + N30; 3. Growth stimulator Raikat Start; 4. N60 P60 K45 + Raikat Start + N30. The use of mineral fertilizer

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21

Streck, Nereu Augusto, Joana Graciela Hanauer, Luana Fernandes Gabriel, Taise Cristine Buske, and Josana Andréia Langner. "Leaf development and growth of selected sugarcane clones in a subtropical environment." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 45, no. 10 (2010): 1049–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2010001000001.

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The objective of this work was to compare phyllochron and leaf area on individual stalks of selected sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) clones grown in a subtropical environment. A two-year field experiment was carried out in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil, during the 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 growing seasons. Three sugarcane clones were used: IAC 822045 (early), SP 711406 (median) and CB 4176 (late), in a complete randomized block design, with four replications. Expanded leaf and total leaf (tips) number were determined, and expanded leaf area was measured. The phyllochron (ºC day leaf-1) based on expa

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22

TAMAKI, M., S. KONDO, T. ITANI, and Y. GOTO. "Temperature responses of leaf emergence and leaf growth in barley." Journal of Agricultural Science 138, no. 1 (2002): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859601001745.

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Experiments were conducted in controlled environmental chambers to study the effects of temperature on leaf emergence and leaf growth of main stem in winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants. Plants of the cultivar, Kikai Hadaka, were grown at constant temperatures between 12·5 to 27·5 °C. The leaf number on the main stems was counted (in Haun units) every day from the emergence of the third leaf until the emergence of the seventh leaf. The area was measured from the second to the sixth leaves on the main stems. The emergence of new leaves was a linear function of time at all temperature regi

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23

Maksymowych, Roman, Norman Dollahon, Russell J. Williams, and Joseph A. J. Orkiszewski. "Chloroplast division during leaf development of Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr. (Compositae)." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 68, no. 1 (2014): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1999.001.

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Division and growth of chloroplasts was studied during leaf development of <em>Xanthium pensylvanicum</em> at various stages of development represented by the leaf plastochron index.Between leaf plastochron indices -1.00 and 2.56 chloroplast division was observed with little enlargement. Between 2.50 and 5.00 chloroplasts enlarged in diameter with an average rate of 0.21 µm per day. At leaf plastochron index 5.00 chloroplasts attained their mature size of 6.12 µm. No chloroplast division was found after leaf plastochron index 2.50. A change in shape of plastids from spherical propl

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24

Liu, Pei-Chuan, W. James Peacock, Li Wang, Robert Furbank, Anthony Larkum, and Elizabeth S. Dennis. "Leaf growth in early development is key to biomass heterosis in Arabidopsis." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 8 (2020): 2439–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa006.

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Abstract Arabidopsis thaliana hybrids have similar properties to hybrid crops, with greater biomass relative to the parents. We asked whether the greater biomass was due to increased photosynthetic efficiency per unit leaf area or to overall increased leaf area and increased total photosynthate per plant. We found that photosynthetic parameters (electron transport rate, CO2 assimilation rate, chlorophyll content, and chloroplast number) were unchanged on a leaf unit area and unit fresh weight basis between parents and hybrids, indicating that heterosis is not a result of increased photosynthet

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25

Satterlee, James W., and Michael J. Scanlon. "Coordination of Leaf Development Across Developmental Axes." Plants 8, no. 10 (2019): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8100433.

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Leaves are initiated as lateral outgrowths from shoot apical meristems throughout the vegetative life of the plant. To achieve proper developmental patterning, cell-type specification and growth must occur in an organized fashion along the proximodistal (base-to-tip), mediolateral (central-to-edge), and adaxial–abaxial (top-bottom) axes of the developing leaf. Early studies of mutants with defects in patterning along multiple leaf axes suggested that patterning must be coordinated across developmental axes. Decades later, we now recognize that a highly complex and interconnected transcriptiona

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26

Han, Susan S. "Preventing Postproduction Leaf Yellowing in Easter Lily." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 122, no. 6 (1997): 869–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.122.6.869.

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Postproduction leaf yellowing of Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum Thunb.) can be prevented by using growth regulators. Solutions containing benzyladenine (BA) reduced the percentage of yellow leaves in cold-stored plants, but solutions containing gibberellic acid (GA3) were not effective. Treatment with commercial products containing GA4+7 (Provide) or GA4+7 and BA (Promalin) nearly completely prevented the development of leaf yellowing. Concentrations as low as 25 mg·L-1 were effective. Leaf yellowing was prevented by growth regulators only on leaves that had been treated, indicating that the

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27

Kabir, MI, MG Mortuza, and MO Islam. "Morphological Features Growth and Development of Dendrobium sp. Orchid as Influenced by Nutrient Spray." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 5, no. 1 (2012): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11598.

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The experiment was conducted to see the effect of nutrient spray on morphophysiological feature and growth of three orchid varieties namely Dendrobium Red Bull, D. Kasim Gold and D White 5 N. Results revealed that the morphophysiological and growth attributes significantly varied among the cultivars. D Red Bull showed the highest plant height, leaf length, leaf area and stem diameter among the varieties. D. White 5 N was superior in leaf number and total leaf area and D. Kasim Gold was superior in leaf area index and leaf width to the other varieties. On the other hand, the trend of increasing

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28

Biemond, H. "Effects of nitrogen on development and growth of the leaves of vegetables. 3. Appearance and expansion growth of leaves of spinach." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 43, no. 2 (1995): 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v43i2.580.

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In a series of greenhouse and field trials, spinach cv. Trias plants were supplied with different amounts of N fertilizer in various split applications. Rates of leaf emergence and expansion were recorded, as well as final leaf size. The rate of leaf appearance varied between 0.16 and 0.57/day across experiments, but was hardly affected by N treatment. The rate of leaf expansion and mature leaf area increased with leaf number, reaching maximum values at leaf pair 3+4 or 5+6 and decreasing subsequently. Both characteristics were positively correlated with N supply. The duration of expansion was

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29

Hsu, Y. M., M. J. Tseng, and C. H. Lin. "Container Volume Affects Growth and Development of Wax-apple." HortScience 31, no. 7 (1996): 1139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.7.1139.

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The wax-apple [Syzygium samarangense (Bl.) Merr. & Perry] is a vigorous tropical fruit tree species that has five to six growth flushes per year. One-year-old, root-bearing wax-apple trees were grown in different-sized containers filled with potting mixture to test if container volume restricts shoot and/or root growth and thereby lends itself to forcing culture. The trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) at 15 cm above the soil was measured to assess vegetative growth. After 6 months, the TCSA had increased quadratically with container volume. At the end of the first and second year, leaf coun

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30

Zhang, Xiaoyue, Kun Chen, Wei Wang, Guifeng Liu, Chuanping Yang, and Jing Jiang. "Differences in Leaf Morphology and Related Gene Expression between Diploid and Tetraploid Birch (Betula pendula)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 21 (2022): 12966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112966.

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Plant polyploidization changes its leaf morphology and leaf development patterns. Understanding changes in leaf morphology and development patterns is a prerequisite and key to studying leaf development in polyploid plants. In this study, we quantified and analyzed the differences in leaf morphology, leaf growth polarity, and leaf size between diploid and tetraploid birches (Betula pendula subsp. pendula), and preliminarily investigated genes involved in leaf growth and development in birch. The results showed significant changes in leaf morphology in tetraploid birches, especially the basal p

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31

Vercruysse, Jasmien, Alexandra Baekelandt, Nathalie Gonzalez, and Dirk Inzé. "Molecular networks regulating cell division during Arabidopsis leaf growth." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 8 (2019): 2365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz522.

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Abstract Leaves are the primary organs for photosynthesis, and as such have a pivotal role for plant growth and development. Leaf development is a multifactorial and dynamic process involving many genes that regulate size, shape, and differentiation. The processes that mainly drive leaf development are cell proliferation and cell expansion, and numerous genes have been identified that, when ectopically expressed or down-regulated, increase cell number and/or cell size during leaf growth. Many of the genes regulating cell proliferation are functionally interconnected and can be grouped into reg

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32

Kwon, Sam L., Roy J. Smith, and Ronald E. Talbert. "Comparative Growth and Development of Red Rice (Oryza sativa) and Rice (O. sativa)." Weed Science 40, no. 1 (1992): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500056952.

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Growth and development of red rice (strawhull) and ‘Lemont’ and ‘Newbonnet’ rice were compared in 1987 and 1988 under noncompetitive field conditions at Stuttgart, AR. Growth and developmental differences were greater between red rice and rice than between rice cultivars. Compared to rice, red rice was taller, produced more culms m−2and aboveground dry weight, had higher leaf area indices, and had a greater flag leaf area. Also, it had lower leaf to stem ratios late in the season, had greater crop growth rate early in the season but less late in the season, and produced a lower grain weight th

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33

S. NARESH KUMAR. "Thermal unit requirement for leaf growth and phenological development in sunflower." Journal of Agrometeorology 7, no. 2 (2005): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v7i2.837.

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34

LUDLOW, ANNA E. "Ochna pulchra Hook: Leaf Growth and Development Related to Photosynthetic Activity." Annals of Botany 68, no. 6 (1991): 527–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a088292.

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35

Poysa, V. "Rate of fruit development, leaf growth, and earliness in determinate tomatoes." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 71, no. 4 (1991): 1211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps91-169.

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The component subperiods of reproductive development as well as rate of leaf growth were determined for three trusses in eight determinate tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. Mill) genotypes in an attempt to identify effective selection criteria for improving earliness. Days from transplanting to anthesis and first red fruit to the first truss correlated well with days to plant maturity (r = 0.58 and r = 0.63 respectively; P < 0.01). These correlations were stronger for full season genotypes (r = 0.53 to r = 0.69) than for early maturing genotypes (r < 0.41). Plant maturity was correlated

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36

Takahashi, Koichi, Tatsuyuki Seino, and Takashi Kohyama. "Responses to canopy openings in architectural development of saplings in eight deciduous broad-leaved tree species." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, no. 8 (2001): 1336–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-069.

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Crown-architectural responses to small canopy openings, in relation to relative height growth rate (RHGR), were examined in saplings (0.52.3 m tall) of eight deciduous broad-leaved tree species in northern Japan. Five species were lateral-growth type with high leaf-support cost (branch mass per leaf area) to display many small leaves over a wide area, while three species were vertical-growth type with low leaf-support cost due to a small number of large leaves along a main trunk. In closed-canopy conditions, the lateral-growth species showed a greater increase in leaf area with increasing sap

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37

Ceulemans, R., I. Impens, and V. Steenackers. "Genetic variation in aspects of leaf growth of Populusclones, using the leaf plastochron index." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 8 (1988): 1069–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-162.

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Leaf growth characteristics of seven clones of Populustrichocarpa, P. nigra, and interspecific hybrids with P. deltoides were examined on 1-year-old cuttings grown in a controlled-environment growth chamber. The plastochron index, a morphological time scale that is a linear function of time and correlated with other morphogenetic and physiological developmental processes, was applied to this development and growth study. Uniformity of leaf initiation was studied; new leaves were initiated at regular time intervals, at least under the controlled conditions of this study. Clones with a high leaf

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38

Heuer, B., and A. Nadler. "Growth and development of potatoes under salinity and water deficit." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 7 (1995): 1477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9951477.

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The agronomic and physiological responses of potato to salinity and to water deficits were determined. The experiment consisted of five treatments: three salinity levels and two restricted amounts of water. Plant height, leaf area and fresh weight accumulation were significantly affected by the salinity and moisture treatments. Stem number, leaf elongation and the content of dry-matter in leaves, stems and tubers were hardly affected. Harvest index, an important agronomic trait, was markedly improved by the different treatments.

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39

Lisson, S. N. "Temperature and photoperiod effects on the growth and development of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum)." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 6 (2007): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06045.

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The research described in this paper seeks to address knowledge gaps relating to leaf growth, flowering response to photoperiod and pre-emergent growth for opium poppy (Papaver somniferum), with a view to developing a new decision-support crop model. The pre-emergent growth phases of the commercial morphine cultivar CO58-34 were measured in 10 temperature treatments ranging between 1.5 and 34°C. Linear models fitted to the lag and linear phase growth rate v. temperature plots gave a thermal time duration for the lag phase of 32 degree days and 8.3 degree days per mm of hypocotyl growth for the

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Zhang, Fan-Fan, Yan-Li Wang, Zhi-Zhe Huang, et al. "Effects ofCO2Enrichment on Growth and Development ofImpatiens hawkeri." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/601263.

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The effects of CO2enrichment on growth and development ofImpatiens hawkeri, an important greenhouse flower, were investigated for the purpose of providing scientific basis for CO2enrichment to this species in greenhouse. The plants were grown in CO2-controlled growth chambers with 380 (the control) and 760 (CO2enrichment) μmol⋅mol-1, respectively. The changes in morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and leaf ultrastructure ofImpatienswere examined. Results showed that CO2enrichment increased flower number and relative leaf area compared with the control. In addition, CO2enrichment significantl

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Krewer, Gerard, D. Scott NeSmith, and Ben Mullinix. "Treatments to Accelerate Leaf Development in Blueberries." HortScience 32, no. 4 (1997): 595D—595. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.4.595d.

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Poor blueberry leaf development is a serious problem in medium and low chilling regions which leads to smaller, later ripening fruit and reduced bush vigor. Dormex (hydrogen cyanamide) and Promalin or Accel (6-benzyl adenine plus gibberellins A4 and A7) were used in the experiments. Dormex 1991-1995 trials with applications at the end of the dormancy period (February) looked promising but were not uniformly successful. In 1996, applications were made starting in mid-dormancy (early-mid January) about 6-8 weeks before normal bud break. Spring vegetative bud development was greatly accelerated w

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Biemond, H. "Effects of nitrogen on development and growth of the leaves of vegetables. 2. Appearance, expansion growth and life span of leaves of leek plants." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 43, no. 2 (1995): 233–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v43i2.579.

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In greenhouse pot experiments and field trials, leek cv. Albana plants were supplied with different amounts of N fertilizer at various growth stages. Leaf emergence, expansion, size and senescence were monitored. The rate of leaf appearance was not affected by N treatments and almost constant across experiments at 0.15/day. The rate of leaf expansion and the mature leaf area increased with leaf number, reaching maximum values between leaf numbers 11 and 14 and decreasing with higher leaf numbers. Both variables increased with increasing N application rate. The duration of leaf expansion was mo

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Patterson, David T. "Effects of Temperature and Photoperiod on Growth and Development of Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia)." Weed Science 41, no. 4 (1993): 574–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500076347.

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Sicklepod was grown in controlled-environment chambers in 16 day/night temperature regimes ranging from 19/11 to 34/26 C. Maximum dry weight, leaf area, plant height, node number, and leaf number after 46 d occurred at 29/26 and 34/26 C. Temperatures of 29/21 C or lower reduced dry weight by more than 50%. Leaf number, leaf weight, and leaf area were more sensitive to changes in day temperature, whereas plant height and root, stem, and total dry weight were more sensitive to night temperature. Dry matter production was more closely correlated with leaf area duration than with its other compone

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McAvoy, Richard J. "POINSETTIA GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN RESPONSE TO DAY-NIGHT TEMPERATURE REGIME AND UNICONAZOLE." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1074c—1074. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1074c.

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Poinsettias, Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. cvs Lilo and Diva Starlight, were exposed to either warm day-cool night or cool day-warm night greenhouse temperature regimes. Day time temperatures were imposed between 900 to 1600 HR. Within each temperature regime, poinsettias were grown single stem or pinched and drenched with either 0.04 or 0.08 mg a.i. uniconazole per 1.6 1 pot or grown as untreated controls. Light levels (PAR) and potting medium and plant canopy temperatures were continuously monitored.Over the course of the study, the day-night temperature differential (DIF), in the plant canop

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Klapwijk, D. "Effect of seasonal radiation and daylength shifts on growth and development of spray carnation. 1. Vegetative growth." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 35, no. 1 (1987): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v35i1.16758.

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Studies are reported on 32 successive plantings, from September 1982 to July 1984, of the cv. West Pink grown in containers under glass. The relative growth rate of the shoots was markedly affected by the season. The minimum rate was about 2%/day in December; it increased linearly to almost 9% in mid-summer and decreased linearly again thereafter. Leaf initiation rates showed the same pattern with a minimum of 0.09 and a maximum of 0.24 leaf pairs/day. Stem elongation was also characterized by 2 linear functions, with a minimum of about 0.1 cm/day in winter and a maximum of slightly less than

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Vishnevetsky, Jane, Hannah Lilien-Kipnis, Nazilia Azizbekova, and Meira Ziv. "BULB AND INFLORESCENCE DEVELOPMENT IN NERINE SARNIENSIS." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 45, no. 1 (1997): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07929978.1997.10676664.

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Nerine is an autumn flowering perennial bulbous plant native to southern Africa belonging to the family Amaryllidaceae. Irregular flowering is often encountered in commercial flower production. The annual life cycle ofNerine sarniensisis characterized by flowering in autumn prior to leaf emergence, active leaf growth during winter and early spring, followed by leaf senescence and a rest period during the hot dry summer. The objective of this study was to follow the ontogeny ofN. sarniensiscv. ‘Autumn Glory’ with special emphasis on differentiation and development of vegetative and generative a

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Soros, Connie L., and Nancy G. Dengler. "Leaf morphogenesis and growth in Cyperus eragrostis (Cyperaoeae)." Canadian Journal of Botany 74, no. 11 (1996): 1753–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b96-212.

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We identified the zones of leaf extension, cell division, cell elongation, and cell differentiation in developing leaves of a sedge species, Cyperus eragrostis Lam. (Cyperaceae). The zone of leaf extension was located by measuring the separation between pinhole markers and by observing the staining pattern of Calcofluor White after pulse-labelling growing leaves. These observations were supported by determining growth rates of control and punctured leaves and by scanning electron and light microscopy of developing leaves. The location of the zone of cell division was assessed by enumerating mi

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Han, Susan S. "Preventing the Development of Post-production Leaf Yellowing in Easter Lily with Growth Regulators." HortScience 32, no. 3 (1997): 459B—459. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.459b.

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The marked effects of growth regulators such as GA3 and BA in delaying leaf yellowing on excised leaves of Easter lilies decreased when studies were conducted on intact plants in a simulated interior environment. Solutions containing benzyladenine (BA) delayed the development of leaf yellowing in cold-stored plants, but solutions containing gibberellic acid (GA3) were not effective when applied to plants at the puffy bud stage and evaluated in a 22.6 ± 0.2°C room illuminated 12 h/day with 11.2 ± 0.1 μmol·s–1·m–2 cool-white fluorescent lamp. Treatment with commercial products containing GA4+7 (

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Chen, Wen-Shaw. "Endogenous Growth Substances in Relation to Shoot Growth and Flower Bud Development of Mango." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 112, no. 2 (1987): 360–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.112.2.360.

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Abstract Changes in gibberellin and cytokinin activities were investigated at the stages of leaf differentiation, mature green leaves, early flower bud formation (7 days after formation), and full bloom of 3-year-old mangos (Mangifera indica L.) in pot culture. Also, diffusible IAA and ABA in the diffusate of shoot tips were examined at the different developing stages. High gibberellin and diffusable IAA activity was found in the xylem sap at leaf differentiation. Diffusible IAA decreased to a low level in shoot tip diffusates, and ABA increased dramatically during early flower bud formation.

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Fernandez, R. Thomas, Ronald L. Perry, and James A. Flore. "Drought Response of Young Apple Trees on Three Rootstocks: Growth and Development." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 122, no. 1 (1997): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.122.1.14.

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`Imperial Gala' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees, trained to two shoots, on M.9 EMLA, MM.111, and Mark rootstocks were subjected to two drought-stress and recovery periods in a rainshelter. Leaf growth rate, leaf area, leaf emergence, shoot length, and trunk cross-sectional area were measured during each stress and recovery period. Leaf growth rate was reduced during both stress periods but most consistently during the second drought stress. Length of the less-vigorous shoot was reduced most consistently due to drought stress but did not recover upon irrigation. Leaf emergence and trunk cr

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