Journal articles: 'Leakage flow control'

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YAMAMOTO, Hideaki, Noriyuki NAKANO, Masahiro WATANABE, and Kensuke HARA. "2D21 Active Feedback Control of a Leakage-Flow-Induced Vibration of Translational 1DOF System by Flow Control." Proceedings of the Symposium on the Motion and Vibration Control 2010 (2010): _2D21–1_—_2D21–16_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemovic.2010._2d21-1_.

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Gao, J., Q. Zheng, G. Yue, and L. Sun. "Control of shroud leakage flows to reduce mixing losses in a shrouded axial turbine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 5 (October 3, 2011): 1263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211423324.

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The losses caused by the leakage flows through the rotor tip clearance, and the mixing losses by the re-entering leakage into the main flow are considerable parts of the total losses in turbines. The main reason for the mixing losses is the different velocity components of main and leakage flows. This leads to shear stresses which cause increased turbulence and losses. This article presents a numerical investigation on three different configurations to control the leakage flows: (a) turning vanes are fixed onto the casing between the fins to turn the shroud leakage flow into the main flow direction in order to reduce the circumferential mixing losses; (b) honeycomb bands are inserted into the casing to weaken the leakage flow in the circumferential direction and reduce the circumferential mixing losses due to the special hexagon structure; and (c) downstream edge of the cavity is chamfered to reduce the radial velocity component of the leakage jet and the separation at the downstream edge, and also to reduce the streamwise mixing losses. A 1.5-stage axial turbine with high-aspect ratio blading was used in this study to investigate the sealing designs as mentioned. The flow simulation results of the three configurations were analysed and compared in this article.

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Haschenburger, Anja, Niklas Menke, and Jan Stüve. "Sensor-based leakage detection in vacuum bagging." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 116, no. 7-8 (July 9, 2021): 2413–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07505-5.

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AbstractA majority of aircraft components are nowadays manufactured using autoclave processing. Essential for the quality of the component is the realization of an airtight vacuum bag on top of the component to be cured. Several ways of leakage detection methods are actually used in industrial processes. They will be dealt with in this paper. A special focus is put on a new approach using flow meters for monitoring the air flow during evacuation and curing. This approach has been successfully validated in different trials, which are presented and discussed. The main benefit of the method is that in case of a leakage, a defined limit is exceeded by the volumetric flow rate whose magnitude can be directly correlated to the leakage’s size and position. In addition, the potential of this method for the localization of leakages has been investigated and is discussed.

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Dasi, Lakshmi P., David W. Murphy, Ari Glezer, and Ajit P. Yoganathan. "Passive flow control of bileaflet mechanical heart valve leakage flow." Journal of Biomechanics 41, no. 6 (2008): 1166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.01.024.

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Bae, Jin Woo, Kenneth S. Breuer, and Choon S. Tan. "Active Control of Tip Clearance Flow in Axial Compressors." Journal of Turbomachinery 127, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 352–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1776584.

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Control of compressor tip clearance flows is explored in a linear cascade using three types of fluidic actuators; normal synthetic jet (NSJ; unsteady jet normal to the mean flow with zero net mass flux), directed synthetic jet (DSJ; injection roughly aligned with the mean flow), and steady directed jet (SDJ), mounted on the casing wall. The effectiveness of each active control technique is determined in terms of its ability to achieve: (1) reduction of tip leakage flow rate, (2) mixing enhancement between tip leakage and core flow, and (3) increase in streamwise momentum of the flow in the endwall region. The measurements show that the NSJ provides mixing enhancement only, or both mixing enhancement and leakage flow reduction, depending on its pitchwise location. The DSJ and SDJ actuators provide streamwise momentum enhancement with a consequent reduction of clearance-related blockage. The blockage reduction associated with the use of NSJ is sensitive to actuator frequency, whereas that with the use of DSJ is not. For a given actuation amplitude, DSJ and SDJ are about twice as effective as NSJ in reducing clearance-related blockage. Further the DSJ and SDJ can eliminate clearance-related blockage with a time-averaged momentum flux roughly 16% of the momentum flux of the leakage flow. However, achieving an overall gain in efficiency appears to be hard; the decrease in loss is only about 30% of the expended flow power from the present SDJ actuator. Guidelines for improving the efficiency of the directed jet actuation are presented.

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YAMAUCHI, Ayako, Miyuki MORINO, and Masahiro WATANABE. "733 Active Control of Leakage-Flow-Induced Vibrations." Proceedings of the Dynamics & Design Conference 2004 (2004): _733–1_—_733–6_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedmc.2004._733-1_.

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Zhang, Haideng, Yun Wu, Yinghong Li, Xianjun Yu, and Baojie Liu. "Control of compressor tip leakage flow using plasma actuation." Aerospace Science and Technology 86 (March 2019): 244–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2019.01.009.

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EL-GHANDOUR, Mohamed, Mohammed K. IBRAHIM, Koichi MORI, and Yoshiaki NAKAMURA. "Control of Leakage Flow by Triple Squealer Configuration in Axial Flow Turbine." TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES 53, no. 179 (2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2322/tjsass.53.1.

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Mao, Xiaochen, Bo Liu, and Tianquan Tang. "Effect of casing aspiration on the tip leakage flow in the axial flow compressor cascade." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 232, no. 3 (August 3, 2017): 225–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650917724598.

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Tip leakage flow is usually responsible for the deterioration of compressor performance and stability. The current paper conducts numerical simulations on the impact of casing aspiration on the axial compressor cascade performance. Three aspiration schemes with different chordwise coverage are studied and analyzed. It is found that the cascade performance can be effectively improved by the appropriate casing aspiration, and the optimum aspiration scheme should cover the area including the onset point of tip leakage vortex and its vicinity. The control mechanisms are different for the aspiration schemes located at different blade chord ranges. For the aspiration scheme covering the onset point of tip leakage vortex, the improvement of the cascade performance is mainly due to that the starting point of the tip leakage vortex is shifted downstream. The original tip leakage vortex structure is divided into two parts if the aspiration scheme is located behind the onset point of tip leakage vortex and the final control effect is the combination of the influence from the two different parts of tip leakage vortex. Additionally, the casing aspiration redistributes the blade loading along the chord near blade tip. The results of these investigations may offer guidance for the appropriate design of aspiration scheme in the future updated compressors and the overall total pressure loss coefficient caused by aspiration slot should be considered in the design process.

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Wallis, A. M., J. D. Denton, and A. A. J. Demargne. "The Control of Shroud Leakage Flows to Reduce Aerodynamic Losses in a Low Aspect Ratio, Shrouded Axial Flow Turbine." Journal of Turbomachinery 123, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1354143.

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The losses generated by fluid leaking across the shrouds of turbine blade rows are known to form a significant proportion of the overall loss generated in low aspect ratio turbines. The use of shrouds to encase the tips of turbine blades has encouraged the development of many innovative sealing arrangements, all of which are intended to reduce the quantity of fluid (the leakage fraction) leaking across the shroud. Modern sealing arrangements have reduced leakage fractions considerably, meaning that further improvements can only be obtained by controlling the leakage flow in such a way so as to minimize the aerodynamic losses incurred by the extraction and re-injection of the leakage flow into the mainstream. There are few published experimental investigations on the interaction between mainstream and leakage flows to provide guidance on the best means of managing the leakage flows to do this. This paper describes the development and testing of a strategy to turn the fluid leaking over shrouded turbine rotor blade rows with the aim of reducing the aerodynamic losses associated with its re-injection into the mainstream flow. The intent was to extract work from the leakage flow in the process. A four stage research turbine was used to test in detail the sealing design resulting from this strategy. A reduction in brake efficiency of 3.5 percent was measured. Further investigation suggested that much of the increase in loss could be attributed to the presence of axial gaps upstream and downstream of the shroud cavity which facilitated the periodic ingress and egress of mainstream fluid into the shroud cavity under the influence of the rotor potential field. This process was exacerbated by reductions in the leakage fraction.

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Shi, Lei, Keqiang Wang, Ding Feng, Hong Zhang, and Peng Wang. "Wellbore trajectory control tool seal system leakage analysis based on steady gap flow." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 6 (June 2020): 168781402093046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814020930461.

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Lubricant leakage will inevitably occur during the working process of wellbore trajectory control tools. Even including the lubricant compensation system, serious leakage will still cause lacks lubrication of the internal mechanical structure as well as electronic system damaged by external infiltration fluid, especially when it comes to battery sub and other electronic equipment. Seal system leakage prediction method was presented based on the assumption of steady gap flow. It is assumed that there is a constant gap between the lip seal and the rotating shaft, the gap height is determined by oil film thickness, and the length of the gap was determined by the contact analysis using the Mooney–Rivlin constitutive model. The analysis results show that the contact length between the primary seal lip and the rotary shaft is about 0.1 mm under the condition of ensuring the contact between the deputy seal lip and the rotary shaft. The overall lubricant leakage finite element analysis model was established, and the relationship between the internal lubricant pressure of the tool and the total leakage was obtained. The results of analysis indicate that under the internal pressure of 0.03 MPa, the lubricant leakage is approximately 6 mL/h, which was verified by experiments.

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Xu, Zhi Hui, He Bin Lv, and Ru Bin Zhao. "Numerical Investigation of Tip Clearance Flow in an Axial Compressor Cascade." Applied Mechanics and Materials 599-601 (August 2014): 368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.599-601.368.

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Using blade tip winglet to control the tip leakage flow has been concerned in the field of turbomachinery. Computational simulation was conducted to investigate the phenomenological features of tip clearance flow. The simulation results show that suction-side winglet can reduce leakage flow intensity. The tip winglet can also decrease tip leakage mass flow and weaken tip leakage flow mixing with the mainstream and therefore reduce the total pressure loss at the blade tip.

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CHOU, SHIH-CHIEN, and YING-KAI WEN. "ASSOCIATION-BASED INFORMATION FLOW CONTROL IN OBJECT-ORIENTED SYSTEMS." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 14, no. 03 (June 2004): 291–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194004001658.

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Controlling information flows to prevent information leakage within an application is essential. According to the maturity of object-oriented techniques, many models were developed for the control in object-oriented systems. Since objects may be dynamically instantiated during program execution, controlling information flows among objects is difficult. Our research revealed that association is useful in the control. We developed an association-based information flow control model for object-oriented systems. It precisely controls information flows among objects through associations and constraints. It also offers features such as controlling method invocation through argument sensitivity, allowing declassification, allowing purpose-oriented method invocation, and precisely controlling write access. This paper proposes the model and the implementation of the model, which is composed of the language AbFlow (association-based flow) and its supporting environment.

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Dindorf, Ryszard, and Piotr Wos. "Test of measurement device for the estimation of leakage flow rate in pneumatic pipeline systems." Measurement and Control 51, no. 9-10 (November 2018): 514–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020294018808681.

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Background: Indirect measurements of flow rate serve to determine air consumption, leakage values and characteristics of compressed air systems (CASs). Method: A new method of indirect flow rate measurement in a pneumatic pipeline system was developed. The method enables to measure the controlled leakage in a branch line and was used to construct automatic measuring systems auditing the compressed air systems piping. Results: First, the leak-testing instrument LT-I 200 was designed, constructed, and tested as portable measurement device for the estimation of air leakage flow rate in pneumatic pipeline system. Next, based on the authors’ patent, the automatic measuring system for the measurement of the leakage flow rate in industrial compressed air piping was developed. Conclusion: The measurement device was used to estimate of the leakage flow rate and cost of the energy losses in the compressed air piping system.

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KOYAMA, Yutaka, Rikiya SHISHIKURA, Masahiro WATANABE, and Hideaki TANAKA. "113 Active Feedback Control of Leakage-Flow-Induced Sheet Flutter." Proceedings of the Dynamics & Design Conference 2005 (2005): _113–1_—_113–6_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedmc.2005._113-1_.

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OHISHI, Akihiko, Masahiro WATANABE, and Hideaki TANAKA. "308 Active Feedback Control of Leakage-Flow-Induced Web Flutter." Proceedings of the Dynamics & Design Conference 2006 (2006): _308–1_—_308–6_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedmc.2006._308-1_.

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Marquette, O. R., and D. W. Childs. "An Extended Three-Control-Volume Theory for Circumferentially-Grooved Liquid Seals." Journal of Tribology 118, no. 2 (April 1, 1996): 276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2831296.

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Circumferentially-grooved seals are used in centrifugal pumps to reduce leakage flow. They can also have a significant impact on pump rotordynamic characteristics. Florjancic (1990) developed an analysis for leakage and rotordynamic coefficients, using a partition of the seal into three control volumes. This paper presents a new theory, based on an extension of Florjancic’s work (1990) for circumferentially-grooved liquid seals. The current theory differs from Florjancic’s analysis in the retention of transfer momentum terms and the introduction of diverging flow in the through-flow section within a seal groove. Validation of the new analysis is achieved through a comparison with existing experimental data taken from Kilgore (1988), and Florjancic (1990). Theoretical results are reasonable and consistent; i.e., a modification in the seal parameters induces a correct evolution of the rotordynamic coefficients. Direct and cross-coupled stiffness coefficients are slightly underpredicted, whereas the direct damping coefficient is underpredicted within 40 percent. Leakage flow predictions are very good.

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Fei, Zhaodan, Rui Zhang, Hui Xu, and Tong Mu. "Numerical analysis of the groove effect on the tip leakage vortex cavitating flow." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 234, no. 6 (October 25, 2019): 836–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650919884192.

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In this paper, the groove effect on the tip leakage vortex cavitating flow characteristics of a simplified NACA0009 hydrofoil with tip gap is studied. Considering local rotation characteristics and curvature effects of the tip leakage vortex flow, the rotation-curvature corrected shear-stress-transport turbulence model is applied to simulate the time-averaged turbulent flow. The Zwart–Gerber–Belamri cavitation model is used to simulate the cavitating flow. The results show that the groove could affect the tip leakage vortex cavitating flow. The groove enhances the interaction between the tip leakage flow and main flow, and then it affects the cavitation of the tip leakage vortex. Compared with the non-groove case, for groove cases of αgre ≤75°, the tip leakage vortex cavitating flow is suppressed, the flow pattern in the gap is improved, and the mean leakage velocity Vlk < 0.8. The region of high leakage velocity is eliminated and the distribution of the pressure is more uniform. The tip leakage vortex cavitation area is reduced, and the maximum decrease is 72.90%. While for groove cases of αgre≥90°, neither the tip leakage vortex cavitating flow nor flow pattern in the tip gap is ameliorated, the mean leakage velocity Vlk lies the range from 0.90 to 0.96. The region of high leakage velocity still exists and even the tip leakage vortex cavitation area is increased. Based on three-dimensional streamlines and vorticity transport equation, the interaction between the tip leakage flow and main flow leads to the variation of the tip leakage vortex cavitating flow. This paper aims for a useful reference to mitigate the tip leakage vortex cavitation and control the influence of the tip leakage vortex cavitating flow for the hydraulic machinery.

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Zhang, Botao, Bo Liu, Changfu Han, and Hang Zhao. "Control and Entropy Analysis of Tip Leakage Flow for Compressor Cascade under Different Clearance Sizes with Endwall Suction." Entropy 22, no. 2 (January 21, 2020): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22020128.

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To investigate the influence of the change of tip clearance size on the control effect of the endwall suction, the effects of endwall suction on the aerodynamic performance of the axial compressor cascade were studied numerically. Three tip clearance sizes of 0.5% h, 1.0% h, and 2.0% h (h is the blade height) were mainly considered. The results show that the endwall suction scheme whose coverage range was 8–33% axial chord can reduce the leakage flow and improve the aerodynamic performance by directly influencing the structure of tip leakage vortex. The overall total pressure loss coefficients of the three clearance size schemes at 0° angle of incidence with 0.4 inlet Mach number are reduced by about 10.3%, 10.8%, and 6.0%, respectively, at the suction flow rate of 0.7%. Under the same suction flow rate, the onset position of the tip leakage vortex of the cascade with small clearance is shifted from the 15% of the axial chord length of original to the 48% of the axial chord length, which with large clearance is nearly no changed. The leakage flow rate and the distance from the leakage vortex to the suction slot are the main reasons for the different control effect of the endwall suction under different tip clearance sizes. The difference of the spanwise distribution of flow field parameters may also cause the difference of flow control effect.

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Özdemir, Özgür, Mahmut Fırat, Salih Yılmaz, and Mustafa Usluer. "Analysis of the effect of pressure control on leakages in distribution systems by FAVAD equation and field applications." Water Practice and Technology 16, no. 2 (March 12, 2021): 320–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2021.024.

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Abstract Pressure has an important effect on the occurrence of failures/leaks in water distribution systems (WDSs) or the change of leakage in existing leakages. For this reason, monitoring the pressure is important especially for analyzing the changes in the day and night, determining the fluctuations and applying pressure management (PM) to ensure normal operating conditions. In this study, the effect of pressure on water losses and minimum night flow (MNF) was carried out according to the Fixed and Varied Area Discharge (FAVAD) approach, which allows the amount of leakage to be calculated based on the change in pressure and field tests. The minimum flow rate and potential leakage were determined under the network operating conditions before the pressure control in a region. Then, considering the features of the region, pressure was reduced with the pressure control system and MNFs and leaks were monitored. By reducing the pressure from 9.10 bar to 3.2 bar in the region, the MNF rate was reduced from 6.95 l/s to 3.29 l/s. The daily water savings in the system inlet volume is 78.44 m3/day and the annual saving is 28,624 m3/year. The results obtained are very important for practitioners in terms of implementing PM in the field.

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Cheng, Huai-yu, Bin Ji, Xin-ping Long, Wen-xin Huai, and Mohamed Farhat. "A review of cavitation in tip-leakage flow and its control." Journal of Hydrodynamics 33, no. 2 (April 2021): 226–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42241-021-0022-z.

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Cangioli, Filippo, Paolo Pennacchi, Leonardo Nettis, and Lorenzo Ciuchicchi. "Design and Analysis of CFD Experiments for the Development of Bulk-Flow Model for Staggered Labyrinth Seal." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 2018 (2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9357249.

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Nowadays, bulk-flow models are the most time-efficient approaches to estimate the rotor dynamic coefficients of labyrinth seals. Dealing with the one-control volume bulk-flow model developed by Iwatsubo and improved by Childs, the “leakage correlation” allows the leakage mass-flow rate to be estimated, which directly affects the calculation of the rotor dynamic coefficients. This paper aims at filling the lack of the numerical modelling for staggered labyrinth seals: a one-control volume bulk-flow model has been developed and, furthermore, a new leakage correlation has been defined using CFD analysis. Design and analysis of computer experiments have been performed to investigate the leakage mass-flow rate, static pressure, circumferential velocity, and temperature distribution along the seal cavities. Four design factors have been chosen, which are the geometry, pressure drop, inlet preswirl, and rotor peripheral speed. Finally, dynamic forces, estimated by the bulk-flow model, are compared with experimental measurements available in the literature.

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ONIKUBO, Takashi, Masahiro WATANABE, and Hideaki TANAKA. "824 Active Feedback Control of a Leakage-Flow-Induced Vibration by VCM Control Devices." Proceedings of the Dynamics & Design Conference 2007 (2007): _824–1_—_824–6_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedmc.2007._824-1_.

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NAKANO, Noriyuki, Masanori MAEDA, Masahiro WATANABE, and Hideaki TANAKA. "1114 Active Feedback Control of a Leakage-Flow-Induced Vibration by PZT Control Devices." Proceedings of the Symposium on the Motion and Vibration Control 2007.10 (2007): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemovic.2007.10.16.

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Chen, Kun, Xiang Wei Zeng, Xiao Ping Qiu, and Xiao Ge Zeng. "Passive Control Shuttle-Type Check Valve – a New Nuclear-Class Fluid Control Component." Advanced Materials Research 317-319 (August 2011): 1474–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.317-319.1474.

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A novel check valve - passive control shuttle-type check valve is introduced in this paper based on the comparison of the existing swing check valves including the liquid, structural principle, flow resistance coefficient, airproof and start-stop performances. The experimental and simulation analysis validated that shuttle-type check valve has the advantages of symmetric structure along the pipeline axis, balance circle flow, low coefficient streamline, adjustable start-stop time, multi-airproof, zero leakage and less noise.

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An, Yan Tao, Ru Jian Ma, and Yong Wang. "Simulation and Analysis the Internal Flow Field of Control Valve Bonnet Leakage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 2078–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.2078.

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Apply the CFD numerical simulation the internal flow field and noise when the control valve is bonnet leakage and trouble-free. Research shows that bonnet leaking has almost no effect on valve inlet and outlet flow field. It is an impact on valve body flow field and the greatest impact on balance cavity. It changes the flow direction of the balance cavity and produces right vortex, in balance cavity where originally without noise, the tremendous noise appeares and improves the noise of the surrounding area.

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Yue, Guoqiang, Hongfei Lin, Yuting Jiang, Qun Zheng, and Ping Dong. "Effect of Tip Configurations on Aerodynamic Performance of Variable Geometry Linear Turbine Cascade." International Journal of Turbo & Jet-Engines 36, no. 4 (November 18, 2019): 457–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2017-0001.

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Abstract The variable geometry turbine (VGT) has been widely used in different fields due to its higher efficiency and lower fuel consumption at part-load. However, the flow field in a VGT is characterized by the leakage flow through the radial clearance of rotational vane compared with a general fixed vane turbine. Numerical simulations are conducted on a linear turbine cascade to reduce the leakage flow based on passive control method. The aerodynamic performances and flow fields are compared for four kinds of tip configuration firstly. Then, the effect of variable geometry on the linear turbine cascade aerodynamic performance is investigated for five installation angles ranging from –5 to 5 deg. In addition, the development patterns and trends of the tip leakage vortex and the passage vortex are analyzed. The results show that the squealer tip and the rotating axis have a significant impact on suppressing leakage flow. The leakage flow rate has a tendency to decrease, and the total pressure coefficient is gradually increased when installation angle ranges from –5 to 5 deg. The interactions between tip leakage vortex and passage vortex leads to the different trends on leakage flow at various installation angles and axial sections.

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OHISHI, Akihiko, Masahiro WATANABE, and Hideaki TANAKA. "823 Numerical Simulations on Non-Contact Active Control of a Leakage-Flow-Induced Web Flutter Based on Flow Control." Proceedings of the Dynamics & Design Conference 2007 (2007): _823–1_—_823–6_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedmc.2007._823-1_.

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Widayaka, Parama Diptya, and Lutfi Jauhari. "PROTOTYPE OF WATER PIPE LEAKAGE DETECTOR USING FLOWMETER SENSOR BASED ON ARDUINO UNO." BEST : Journal of Applied Electrical, Science, & Technology 2, no. 1 (August 2, 2020): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/best.vol2.no1.2585.

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Water pipe leakage causes financial loss for the user such as PAM or PDAM. YF-S201B flowmeter sensor is a water flow sensor made of plastic with a rotor and hall effect sensor inside. The rotor will spin when the water flow through the sensor. The speed of rotor spin is proportional to the water flow. The hall effect based sensor can be used to detect water flow up to 30 liter/minute (1.800L/hour) thus, the sensor can be used to control the water flow in distribution system and water debit monitoring. The principle of prototype is the placement of sensor before the leakage and after leakage position to obtain different value of water debit. The system will send a short message automatically to the phone if water leakage is detected in the pipeline.

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Abbasi, Sarallah, and Afshin Gholamalipour. "Parametric study of injection from the casing in an axial turbine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 234, no. 5 (September 27, 2019): 582–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650919877276.

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Tip leakage flow reduces both efficiency and performance of axial turbines and damages turbine blades as well. Therefore, it is of great importance to identify and control tip leakage flow. This study investigated the effect of flow injection (from the casing), alongside flow structure, on turbine performance. Additionally, the effect of different injection parameters, including injection mass flow rate, angle, location, and diameter on the turbine performance are evaluated. A numerical analysis of the flow in a two-stage axial turbine was employed by using CFX software. To ensure the accuracy of the results, turbine performance curves were compared with the experimental results, which are in good agreement. Analyses revealed that active control method reduces tip leakage flow, improves turbine performance, and increases the efficiency by 1% to 5% as well. A parametric investigation of the tip injection has sought to identify how various parameters affect the turbine performance. The cross-section diameter and the angle of injection had no significant increase on efficiency. Additionally, results showed that at a point 9 mm further from the leading edge, the injection degree of effectiveness is optimum. Finally, analysis of the flow structure in the tip clearance region supported the tip leakage flow reduction.

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Li, Wei, Weiyang Qiao, Kaifu Xu, and Hualing Luo. "Numerical Simulation of Active Control on Tip Leakage Flow in Axial Turbine." Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 22, no. 2 (April 2009): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1000-9361(08)60078-3.

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Tomita, Isao, and Masato Furukawa. "Design Concept with Tip Leakage Vortex Control for Centrifugal Compressor Flow Stabilization." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1909, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1909/1/012020.

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Mirzaee, Saeed, Xinqian Zheng, and Yun Lin. "Improvement in the stability of a turbocharger centrifugal compressor by tip leakage control." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 231, no. 5 (July 18, 2016): 700–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407016656543.

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The occurrence of surge or stall in a centrifugal compressor and the role of the tip clearance flow in the instability in the centrifugal compressor are investigated in this study. A computational method is used to study the flow field in the centrifugal compressor in order to gain a better understanding of the surge or stall mechanism. It is found that, near surge or stall conditions, the tip leakage flow at the leading edge deflects more upstream; as the deflection increases, a more severe spillage occurs which finally leads to instability of the compressor. A ring air jet injection is used to eliminate the instabilities and to extend the stable flow range of the compressor. Using an air jet injection, the stable flow range of the compressor was successfully increased with minimal decrease in the efficiency of the compressor. The effects of different injection parameters such as the mass flow, the yaw angle, the injection angle, the slot width and the slot distance on the compressor flow field are studied, and an optimum design for the air jet injection is developed. Further investigation of the compressor with the optimum injection configuration shows that, near surge or stall conditions, the tip leakage at the leading edge is still under control, manifesting a much smaller spillage than does the Dresser–Rand Datum compressor without an air injection. The dominant factor for the instability of the compressor with an injection is found to be the leading-edge separation rather than the tip leakage.

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Yang, Li Jian, Yang Zhao, and Song Wei Gao. "Discharge Speed Control of In-Pipe Detector in Gas Pipeline." Advanced Materials Research 459 (January 2012): 338–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.459.338.

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The in-pipe detector with magnetic flux leakage runs along the pipeline under the effect of gas flow field, completing the pipeline wall excitation, magnetic flux leakage testing, etc. Excitation within the detector on the wall and the adequacy of magnetic flux leakage signal acquisition is complete are decided by speed of in-pipe detector. In this paper, mathematical model simulation is established and the actual experiment is proposed. Simulation and experiment results show that after a long time running, in-pipe detector with different discharge area have respective upper speed limit. According to references and experiment results, the in-pipe detector with 40% discharge area is meet the detection accuracy and have the maximum detection efficiency under work conditions described in this paper

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Chen, Fu, Yunfeng Fu, Jianyang Yu, and Yanping Song. "Effect of clearance height on tip leakage flow reduced by a honeycomb tip in a turbine cascade." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 233, no. 10 (September 24, 2018): 3564–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410018801247.

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In this paper, the control mechanism of the honeycomb tip structure on the tip leakage flow of a turbine cascade is studied experimentally and numerically, and the sensitivity of tip leakage flow characteristics to different clearance heights from 0.5% to 2% based on the blade span are mainly discussed. A flat tip is considered as a comparative case. The results show that a part of the leakage flow enters the tip honeycomb cavity, forming small-scale vortices and mixes with the upper leakage fluid, which increases the flow resistance within the clearance. In the range of clearance height variation investigated, honeycomb tip structure can effectively reduce the leakage flow, and reduce the size and strength of the leakage vortex, so that the loss of the cascade is reduced. At a large tip clearance height, the unstable split of the vortex cores causes the vortex in the honeycomb cavities near pressure side to grow in size, so that the vortex extends further into the upper gap, where the turbulent blocking effect of the vortices on the leakage flow is increased. However, due to the vortex movement and the mixing between honeycomb vortices and the upper clearance flow, there is no obvious advantage in reducing the total loss of the cascade compared to the small tip clearance height.

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Yuan, Zheng Wei, Hai Juan Wang, and Jun Zhang. "The Influences of Impeller Eccentricity on Front Leakage Flow." Advanced Materials Research 452-453 (January 2012): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.452-453.242.

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A numerical analysis on the steady-state front leakage flow of an eccentric impeller is done based on a bulk-flow model. A set of nonlinear partial differential governing equations is derived on a control volume from the flow. The SIMPLE algorithm is used to develop the computational procedure for solving the equations. A MATLAB computer program in accordance with the computational procedure is written to conduct the numerical calculations. Numerical results are represented with the diagrams of pressure and velocity distribution of the flow. The influences of the impeller eccentricity on the flow are examined in a limited range of engineering practice. Conclusions are reached that the impeller eccentricity has substantial effects on the pressure and velocity distributions of the front leakage flow.

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Mao, X., B. Liu, and T. Tang. "Control of Tip Leakage Flow in Axial Flow Compressor Cascade by Suction on the Blade Tip." Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/jafm.11.01.27763.

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Zhang, Botao, Xiaochen Mao, Xiaoxiong Wu, and Bo Liu. "Effects of Tip Leakage Flow on the Aerodynamic Performance and Stability of an Axial-Flow Transonic Compressor Stage." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 10, 2021): 4168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144168.

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To explain the effect of tip leakage flow on the performance of an axial-flow transonic compressor, the compressors with different rotor tip clearances were studied numerically. The results show that as the rotor tip clearance increases, the leakage flow intensity is increased, the shock wave position is moved backward, and the interaction between the tip leakage vortex and shock wave is intensified, while that between the boundary layer and shock wave is weakened. Most of all, the stall mechanisms of the compressors with varying rotor tip clearances are different. The clearance leakage flow is the main cause of the rotating stall under large rotor tip clearance. However, the stall form for the compressor with half of the designed tip clearance is caused by the joint action of the rotor tip stall caused by the leakage flow spillage at the blade leading edge and the whole blade span stall caused by the separation of the boundary layer of the rotor and the stator passage. Within the investigated varied range, when the rotor tip clearance size is half of the design, the compressor performance is improved best, and the peak efficiency and stall margin are increased by 0.2% and 3.5%, respectively.

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Hao, Yongmei, Yifei Ma, Juncheng Jiang, Zhixiang Xing, Lei Ni, and Jian Yang. "An Inverse Transient Nonmetallic Pipeline Leakage Diagnosis Method Based on Markov Quantitative Judgment." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (April 22, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9527836.

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Aiming at the problems of early leakage monitoring of urban nonmetallic pipelines and the large positioning error, an inverse transient urban nonmetallic gas pipelines leakage location method based on Markov quantitative judgment was proposed. A Markov flow state transition probability matrix was established based on the flow data under different pressures obtained by experiments to quantitatively determine the pipeline leakage status. On this basis, an inverse transient leakage control equation suitable for urban nonmetallic gas pipeline leakage location was constructed according to the actual. The difference between the pressure and the calculated pressure was sought for the objective function. Finally, the objective function was optimized in conjunction with the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method to obtain the actual leakage parameters and calculate the size and location of the leakage source. The results show that the inverse transient leakage localization method based on Markov’s quantitative judgment can more accurately determine the leakage status of the pipeline and calculate the early leakage parameters and leakage location of the gas pipeline, which improves the positioning accuracy.

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Odiagbe, Moses, Emmanuel Majeyibo Eronu, and Farouq E. Shaibu. "An Effective Water Management Framework Based on Internet of Things (IOT) Technology." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 4, no. 5 (May 22, 2019): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2019.4.5.1317.

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The low cost effective wireless sensor network that The low cost effective wireless sensor network that allows for embedded system to monitor and control virtually any space and environment and to form the so called Internet of Things or Internet of Everything. The research work is intended to address a general problem associated with effective water utilization management, among others is the issue of water leakages, there is the need to effectively detect cases of leakages and address them appropriately. However, the sensitivity of the flow rate sensors used poses a number of challenges, hence the need to setup an appropriate calibration scheme that will allows for the flow rate sensor, effective adoption and usage ,isolating false alarm due to deficiencies associated with operation of the flow rate sensor as well as detecting leakages . A frame work build around a flow rate sensor, solenoid valve, a microcontroller equipped with internet connectivity and a log in service monitoring and control platform on the cloud is used. Several simulated tests were carried out to explore a number of leakage scenarios. Based on the analysed data obtained overtime, appropriate algorithms were developed to allow for quick detection, remote monitoring and control of deduced cases of leakages. The work has significantly addressed the challenges poses to the effect leakages with the adopted framework.

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Tadano, Kotaro, Yasumasa Ishida, and Hisami Takeishi. "Development of a Four-Way Pinch-Type Servo Valve for Pneumatic Actuator." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3 (February 5, 2020): 1066. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10031066.

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Pneumatic servo valves are key components of pneumatic servo systems. Multi-degree-of-freedom systems, such as robot systems, utilize many servo valves to control their actuators. However, conventional servo valves always consume air due to leakage even when the pneumatic actuator is not moving. Hence, the consumption flow rate of the entire system corresponds to a heavy load on the air compressor. Reduction in the leakage of servo valves contributes to lower requirements for the air compressor and saves energy. In this study, we develop a four-way pinch- type pneumatic servo valve that controls flow rates by pinching air tubes to realize a leak-free servo valve. A cam to control the aperture of the flow channel is newly designed, and a control system is established. Measurement results indicate high linearity in static flow characteristics and high dynamic characteristics corresponding to 30 Hz. We experimentally confirm a good position tracking property in the position control of a pneumatic cylinder by using the developed valve. Finally, evaluation results of air consumption in a robotic control application indicate that the developed valve contributes to a significant reduction in air consumption compared to that of a conventional spool-type valve.

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Sheng, Wei, Zi Chao Li, Duo Jiao Guan, and Zhuang Ma. "Numerical Simulation of Flow Characteristics about Lateral Tooth Steam Seal." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 1967–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.1967.

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Control equations were dissociated by the finite volume method, and the closed turbulence model equations were solved, and the different forms of flow characteristics and leakage condition in lateral tooth seal in turbine were analyzed by using numerical methods. The results show that the leakage rate of the lateral tooth steam seal with a single low tooth is less than that of the lateral tooth steam seal with double low teeth under different import pressure. And the leakage rate of the lateral tooth steam seal with a single low tooth or double low teeth and bottom teeth are slightly more than those without bottom teeth. It provides theoretical reference and technical support for the engineering design and transformation of steam seal in the turbine.

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Kanno, Takahiro, Takashi Hasegawa, Tetsuro Miyazaki, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Daisuke Haraguchi, and Kenji Kawashima. "Development of a Poppet-Type Pneumatic Servo Valve." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (October 31, 2018): 2094. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112094.

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In pneumatic positioning and force-control systems, spool-type servo valves are widely used for obtaining quick responses and precise control. However, air leakage from these valves results in increased energy consumption. To address this problem, we developed a three-port poppet-type servo valve to reduce air leakage. The developed valve consists of a camshaft, two orifices, two metal balls, and a housing with two flow channels. The metal ball is pushed by fluid, and spring force closes the orifice. The port opens when the cam rotates and pushes the ball. The cam shape and orifice size were designed to provide the desired flow rate. The specifications of the DC motor for rotating the camshaft were determined considering the fluid force on the ball. Static and dynamic characteristics of the valve were measured. We experimentally confirmed that air leakage was 0.1 L/min or less. The ratio of air leakage to maximum flow rate was only 0.37%. Dynamic characteristic measurements showed that the valve had a bandwidth of 30 Hz. The effectiveness of the valve was demonstrated through experiments involving pressure and position control.

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Yucel, U., and J. Y. Kazakia. "Analytical Prediction Techniques for Axisymmetric Flow in Gas Labyrinth Seals." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 123, no. 1 (May 12, 2000): 255–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1340630.

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Labyrinth seals are commonly found in turbines and compressors. Their objective is to control gas leakage from high pressure regions to low pressure regions. The correct prediction and control of this leakage is crucial for the efficient and economic operation of turbomachinery. In this paper we present approaches for obtaining the above prediction in a simple analytical and explicit method. Both constant and pressure dependent flow coefficients are incorporated in the present study which extends to the higher inlet/outlet pressure differences. The results obtained with our methods compare favorably with the ones obtained by both numerical and experimental techniques. In many cases there is hardly a distinction between our results and the numerical prediction.

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Wang, Xiaojia, Xianli Liu, Zhaoyang Jin, Jiewen Zhu, and Baosheng Jin. "Theoretical Methodology of a High-Flux Coal-Direct Chemical Looping Combustion System." Processes 6, no. 12 (December 4, 2018): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr6120251.

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This study, as an extension of our previous experimental tests, presented a mechanism analysis of air reactor (AR) coupling in a high-flux coal-direct chemical looping combustion (CDCLC) system and provided a theoretical methodology to the system optimal design with favorable operation stability and low gas leakages. Firstly, it exhibited the dipleg flow diagrams of the CDCLC system and concluded the feasible gas–solid flow states for solid circulation and gas leakage control. On this basis, the semi-theoretical formulas of gas leakages were proposed to predict the optimal regions of the pressure gradients of the AR. Meanwhile, an empirical formula of critical sealing was also developed to identify the advent of circulation collapse so as to ensure the operation stability of the whole system. Furthermore, the theoretical methodology was applied in the condition design of the cold system. The favorable gas–solid flow behaviors together with the good control of gas leakages demonstrated the feasibility of the theoretical methodology. Finally, the theoretical methodology was adopted to carry out a capability assessment of the high-flux CDCLC system under a hot state in terms of the restraint of gas leakages and the stability of solid circulation.

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ENACHE, Marius, Razvan CARLANESCU, Andreea MANGRA, Florin FLOREAN, and Radu KUNCSER. "Investigation of Flow through a Labyrinth Seal." INCAS BULLETIN 13, no. 2 (June 4, 2021): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2021.13.2.6.

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Growing performance requirements for gas turbines have led to a continuous increase in gas temperature and pressure ratios. Together with the resulting increase in cooling flows, this requires more and more minimization and control of internal gas leaks. To meet future performance goals, the application of a new seal design and an improved understanding of leakage flow characteristics are of particular importance. The air mass flow through a labyrinth seal designed for a low-pressure turbine has been determined both through analytical calculus and CFD modeling. Different radial clearances and different air temperatures have been considered. In the next stage, the results will be validated through experiments.

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Pfau, A., A. I. Kalfas, and R. S. Abhari. "Making Use of Labyrinth Interaction Flow." Journal of Turbomachinery 129, no. 1 (March 1, 2004): 164–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2218571.

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It is the aim of this publication to attract the designers attention to the end wall flow interactions of shrouded high pressure turbines. One of the key issues for designing better turbines is the understanding of the flow interactions set up by the presence of labyrinth seals. Those interaction flows are carefully examined in this publication using the control volume analysis and the radial equilibrium of forces acting on streamlines. The consequences on secondary flow development and mixing losses are discussed and quantified. Out of this insight, design recommendations are derived, which attempt to make use of the nature of the labyrinth interaction flow. The open labyrinth cavities are classified in a systematic way. The aim of this approach is to work out the characteristic differences between hub and tip cavities and those having a leakage jet or sucking main flow fluid into the labyrinth. The influence on the main flow is discussed in terms of the incidence flow angle of downstream blade rows and the associated loss production mechanisms. The design strategies presented in this paper follow two paths: (a) Optimization of the mixing losses of the leakage jets at hub and tip is estimated to result in an efficiency increase of up to 0.2%. (b) The nonaxisymmetric shaping of the labyrinth interaction flow path aims at the secondary flow control in downstream blade rows. This approach might contribute in the same magnitude of order as reduction in the mixing losses.

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Hong, Shuli, Guoping Huang, Yuxuan Yang, and Zepeng Liu. "Introduction of DMD Method to Study the Dynamic Structures of a Three-Dimensional Centrifugal Compressor with and without Flow Control." Energies 11, no. 11 (November 9, 2018): 3098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113098.

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The flow structures around the blade tip, mainly large-scale leakage vortex, exert a great influence on compressor performance. By applying unsteady jet control technology at the blade tip in this study, the performance of the compressor can be greatly improved. A numerical simulation is conducted to study the flow characteristics of a centrifugal compressor with and without a flow control. The complex flow structures cause great difficulties in the analysis of the dynamic behavior and flow control mechanism. Thus, we introduced a dynamic flow field analysis technology called dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). The global spectrums with different global energy norms and the coherent structures with different scales can be obtained through the DMD analysis of the three-dimensional controlled and uncontrolled compressors. The results show that the coherent structures are homogeneous in the controlled compressor. The leakage vortex is weakened, and its influence range of unsteady fluctuation is reduced in the controlled compressor. The effective flow control created uniform vortex structures and improved the overall order of the flow field in the compressor. This research provides a feasible direction for future flow control applications, such as transferring the energy of the dominant vortices to small-scale vortices.

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Hanan, Lu, and Li Qiushi. "Cantilevered stator hub leakage flow control and loss reduction using non-uniform clearances." Aerospace Science and Technology 51 (April 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2016.01.013.

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Drew, J. E., D. K. Longmore, and D. N. Johnston. "Theoretical analysis of pressure and flow ripple in flexible hoses containing tuners." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 212, no. 6 (September 1, 1998): 405–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0959651981539578.

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In automotive power steering systems it is common practice to include highly expandible hoses containing tubular inserts, referred to as tuners, to minimize the pump-generated pressure ripple. A theoretical model of a flexible hose containing a tuner is described, which can be used to compute the fluid-borne noise characteristics of complete systems. Excellent agreement with experimental measurements is obtained. Leakage through the tuner wall is shown to have a strong effect on the results. With the common type of spiral wound tuner, most of the damping present is obtained from this leakage and from energy loss in the hose wall, and for low-viscosity fluids it may be acceptable to ignore the effect of fluid viscosity.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Leakage flow control'

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