Academic literature on the topic 'LEAKY WAVEGUIDE'

An asymptotic analysis of a leaky parallel-plate waveguide is presented. The walls of the waveguide consist of bonded wire meshes which are modeled using a sheet impedance boundary condition. The fields are excited by magnetic line sources exterior to the waveguide. The wire meshes allow for coupling between the interior of the waveguide and the exterior region. In addition, each mesh can support a surface wave. We employ Fourier transform techniques to derive an integral representation for the magnetic field. We present various interpretations of the integral representation and evaluate the integral asymptotically using the method of steepest descents. The case of a pole near the saddle point is considered in detail. The integral is also evaluated numerically to determine the accuracy of the asymptotic results. The contributions to the radiation pattern of the structure from the surface-wave and leaky-wave poles, as well as the saddle point, are considered individually. The parameters of the structure are adjusted to exploit the contributions from the poles in the near far zone. The transient response of the structure to a double exponential pulse is also investigated. An alternative representation which is computationally efficient for computing the transient response in early time is derived. The use of the alternative representation for dense distributions of leaky-wave poles is also considered.

This thesis improves on the design of the leaky-mode spatial light modulator, LMW-SLM, presented by Dr. Smalley[1]. Improvements include: input coupling gratings, a pulsed laser input, output coupling gratings, and a 3D printed adjustable module for the stabilization of critical alignments. First, input coupling gratings reduce the cost of the LMW-SLM from $500 to around $2, a drop in cost of over two orders of magnitude. This enables multiple modulators to be used in a single display and allows for an inexpensive modular design to be created. Second, a pulsed laser input allows for image creation without the use of a polygon for derotation. Removal of the polygon allows for direct viewing of the LMW-SLM output enabling near-eye and flat panel displays. Third, output coupling gratings allow for bottom exit devices that are essential for thin substrates and flat panel displays. Fourth, the 3D printed module allows for the critical alignments of the LMW-SLM to become permanent. This in turns allows for transportation of the created displays without a trained technician by abstracting away the complexities of the device. The resulting changes simplify hardware, reduce cost, and enable the LMW-SLM to be modularized and the resulting 3D displays to be transportable. These improvements are made possible by the addition of a one new mask step during fabrication, a simple circuit design, and a 3D printed module designed in SOLIDWORKS. Included in this thesis as attachments are the MATLab, Eagle, and SOLIDWORKS files used to create the improved LMW-SLM.

Film display holograms typically diffract light over a wide enough view-angle to be viewed, directly, without intervening optics. However, all holographic video displays must use optics beyond the hologram surface to overcome the challenges of small display extent and low diffraction angle by using some form of demagnification and derotation. We report a leaky mode waveguide spatial light modulator (SLM) with sufficiently high angular diffraction to obviate the need for demagnification in scanned aperture systems. This was achieved by performing a number of experiments to determine the depth of the annealed, proton-exchanged waveguide which corresponded to a maximized diffracted angle. Diffraction sweeps were recorded in excess of 19.5° for 632.8 nm light which is above the 15° required for direct view display. Moreover, we present a paired set of waveguide SLMs capable of a maximum light deflection nearing 28° for red. This deflection, which is several times larger than the angular sweep of current, state-of-the-art modulators, is made possible by the unilateral, near-collinear waveguide nature of the leaky mode interaction. The ability to double angular output in this way, which is either not possible or not practical in other SLMs, is possible in leaky mode devices, thanks to the absence of zero-order light and the lack of high-order outputs. This combined structure has angular deflection high enough to enable color holographic video monitors that do not require angular magnification. Furthermore, the low cost and high angular deflection of these devices may make it possible to make large arrays for flat-screen video holography. One improvement that could be made to the current setup would be to increase the device's diffraction efficiency. One highly influential factor of diffraction efficiency for a Bragg-regime surface acoustic wave (SAW) grating is the length of the interaction between the light and the grating. In this work, we have shown that guided light in a reverse proton exchanged (RPE) waveguide experiences less loss. This enables us to create longer devices which eventually results in devices with higher diffraction efficiency. We have also researched on LCoS SLMs and used them for two different applications: (a) photophoretic-trap volumetric displays and (b) holographic video displays. In the first case, aberrations including spherical, astigmatism, and coma can make particles to trap tighter in the focal point of the beam. Also, a new approach for holographic computations is presented which uses the electromagnetic nature of light in Maxwell Equations to find a unique phase map for every specific 3D object in space.

This thesis describes the development of antennas suitable for mobile coinmunication systems based on a dielectric rod antenna fed from circular waveguide. Pattern control of the antenna is implemented using a combination of Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) elements and metallic endcaps placed on the antenna Both linear and circular polarised feeds have been made for these antennas to ensure they are suitable for a wide range of applications. The suitability of the dominant and next, higher order, waveguide mode were investigated and conclusions drawn as to their suitability for this type of antenna. The antennas were extensively modelled using a commercial TLM based solver and the results of these simulations were compared to the comprehensive set of antenna pattern measurements and S-parameter measurements obtained for the prototype antennas.

In dieser Arbeit wird der Einsatz von Leckwellenleiter (engl. Leaky Coaxial Cable, LCX) zur funkgestützten Indoor-Positionierung in Fahrgastzellen untersucht. Mit Hilfe eines erstellten Vorgehensmodells werden zwei unterschiedliche LCX-Prototypen speziell für den Ortungseinsatz entwickelt. Hierbei wird die elektromagnetische Feldberechnung verwendet, um sowohl Leckwellenleiterstrukturen als auch deren Einsatz in einer Fahrgastzelle zu bewerten. Nach Fertigung beider Leckwellenleiter erfolgt eine messtechnische Validierung in einer vordefinierten Fahrgastzellenumgebung. Der Einsatz dieser Prototypen zur Indoor-Positionierung wird sowohl in Modell- als auch in realen Fahrzeugumgebungen, wie der AutoTram Extra Grand des Fraunhofer IVI, durchgeführt. Eine statistische Betrachtung von Messergebnissen sowie die Vorstellung eines zonenselektiven Positionierungsansatzes schließen diese Arbeit.